Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

Unit 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY 过去将来时 观察下列句子，探究标红部分的用法。 1. Our sports meeting will be put off if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨的话，我们的运动会就要被推迟。 2. I am afraid they’re going to lose the game. 恐怕他们比赛会输。 3. I didn't know when she would come, but when she came I would let you know. 我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。 4. We were going to go to the cinena when the phonerang. 我们正准备去电影院，这时电话响了。 第1、2句为______________(时态)，第3、4句为_______________(时态)。 Lead-in 一般将来时　 过去将来时　 一、定义： 过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。 二、基本结构 1. would＋动词原形：表示过去的打算或在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。 ① She hoped that they would meet again someday. 她希望将来有一天他们能再见面。 ② I rang up to tell my father that I should leave for London.我打电话告诉我父亲我要去伦敦。 过去将来时 2．was/were going to＋动词原形：表示过去将要发生或很有可能发生的动作，常用于口语中，表示预言、意图或者打算等。 ① He was going to start work the following week. 他打算下星期开始工作。 ②-Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday? -I was going to, but I had an unexpected visitor. -爱丽丝，你昨天为什么没来呀？ -我打算去的，但我家来了个不速之客。 3．was/were about to do：常用来表示即将发生的动作，“刚要/正要做……”。注意该结构不与具体的时间状语连用。 ① I felt that something terrible was about to happen. 我感到某种可怕的事情即将发生。 ② We were about to go there when it began to rain. 我们刚打算去那儿，这时天下起了雨。 1. I asked him if Peter would arrive the next day. 2. She told me she was going to post the parcel. 3. We were about to go there when it begin to rain. 4. She didn't say when she was coming again next time. 5. I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time. 6. We were to have been married last year. 1. would/should+动词原形 2. was/were going to+动词原形 *与would+动词原形相比，was/were going to+动词原形有打算、计划的含义。 3. was/were about to + 动词原形 4. go, come, leave, start, meet等动词的过去进行时，表示就过去的某一时刻而言即将发生的动作。 5. was/were to do; 表示曾经计划做某事，并且从现在看已经实现。 当表示“原计划做某事但是最终未发生”，用was/were to have done. Task4：Both “would do” and “was/were going to do” can be talk about future events or intentions in the past. Complete the following sentences that describe the future in the past. 1. Philip bought two tickets for The Phadom of the Opera. He ______________________________ (watch) this musical with his girlfriend on the weekend. 2. I was so surprised at the news that David ________________ _________________ (play) the role of the dinosaur in the play that I gave him a hug out of joy. would watch / was going to watch would play / was going to play 3. Lily decided that she ______________________________ (settle) in New York and pursue her dream of becoming an actress. 4. Hey, Timmy. I _______________ (call) you. But now that you are here, I don't have to. 5. The competition was so close that no one was sure who ___________ (win) the Best Actor award. 6. Jim is not here right now. He said he ______________________ (be) on duty at the library this afternoon. would settle / was going to settle was going to call would win would be / was going to be 一、情态动词的特征 情态动词有一定的意义，表示或暗示某种情绪或态度，表示可能、建议、愿望、必要、允许、能力等。 大多数情态动词有多个意义。 2. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化，即不随主语的不同而变化。 3. 情态动词不能独立使用，须后接动词原形，一起构成谓语动词。 4. 情态动词除ought和have外，后面接不带to的不定式。(dare) 5.情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式、分词等形式。 Review of modal verbs 9 1.只作情态动词的： 2. 可情态可实义的： 3. 可情态可助动词的: 4. 相当于情态动词的: 二、情态动词的分类 can/could, may/might, ought to, must need, dare shall/should, will/would have to, used to Modal verbs have many functions as follows: A. necessity B. possibility C. obligation D. request E. advice F. intention 需要 可能 职责/义务 要求 建议 意图 三、情态动词的功能 You have to read between the lines because the real messages are often hidden… It may seem lucky to you. Astronauts must wear spacesuits when they work in space because… May we ask what you’re doing in this country? You should/ought to/had better go to class right away. What would you do if you were in her situation? necessity 表必要性 possibility 表可能和推测 obligation 表义务性 request 表请求或指示 advice 表建议 intention 表意图和愿望 Task2：Find modal verbs and discuss their functions. A. necessity B. possibility C. obligation D. request E. advice F. intention 12 (一) can/could 1．表示能力，其过去式为could。 ①She can speak English. 她会说英语。 ②The young man can’t move the big stone. 这个年轻人搬不动那块大石头。 ③He could speak Japanese when he was young, but he has forgotten most of it now. 他年轻时会说日语，不过现在已经忘得差不多了。 【温馨提示】can和 be able to在用法上的区别: can只有现在式和过去式could,而be able to有更多的时态变化。 情态动词 13 (2) can一般指自身具有的能力，而be able to表示经过一 段时间的努力后所具有的能力，相当于manage to do或 succeed in doing。 ①This time I failed in the exam, but I'll be able to pass the exam next time. 这次考试我不及格，但下次考试我能及格。(经过努力) ②The ship was able to get to Antarctica in spite of the bad weather. (相当于managed to) 尽管天气恶劣，船还是设法到达南极洲了。 2．表示请求或许可。 当请求允许做某事时，两者均可用，但用could语气更委婉。当表示允许某人做某事时，一般要用can，而不用could。 ① -Can/Could I use your bike tomorrow morning? -Yes, you can./No，I’m afraid not. -我明天早晨能用你的自行车吗？ -是的，可以。/不，恐怕不行。 ② You can go with them if you like. 如果你愿意的话，可以和他们一起去。 3．表示推测。 can表推测时一般用于否定句，表示“不可能”。 ①It can’t/couldn’t be true. 那不可能是真的。 【练习】选词填空(can/could/be able to) ①My grandma is well over eighty, but she _______ read without glasses. ②Being a wise person, he finally _____________ find the place. ③The cheater said that he _________ turn stone into gold. can　 was able to　 could　 (二) may/might 1．表示请求或允许，用might比用may更礼貌，语气更委婉。对may的一般疑问句的肯定回答可用may或can，但作否定回答时要用mustn’t或can’t。 ① You may come if you wish. 如果你想来，你就来。 ②May(Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？ ③-May I smoke here? 我可以在这里吸烟吗？ -No，you mustn’t. You’d better not. 不，不可以。你最好不要吸烟。 2．表示可能。might比may可能性更小。 1. 在一、三人称的疑问句中, shall用来询问对方的意愿。 Shall we begin our lesson? 2. 用于二、三人称的陈述句中, 表说话人命令、警告、允诺等口吻。 He shall have the book when I finish reading. 4. shall 和 should VS ought to VS had better You should be polite to your teachers. 3. should表示劝告、建议、命令，用于各种人称。 4. should表示说话人的惊讶、愤怒、失望等特殊情感，意为“居然，竟然”。 Amazing! You should wear slippers at work. 1.You should have asked for some help. 2. You shouldn’t have told her the news. 表示推测 should have done 表示本该做某事（而实际上未做） shouldn't have done 表示本不该做某事（而实际上做了） must: 肯定句表有把握的推测:“一定”。 2)must: 推测现在或正发生的事情：must be doing， 　 eg: 他现在肯定呆在那里。 He must be staying there. 3) must 推测已经发生的事：must have done I didn't hear the phone. I _______________________ (我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。) must have been asleep 如何表示否定的猜测？ can’t eg: She can’t have left school, for her bike is still here. 5. must 注意：must用于一般疑问句中, 肯定: must 否定:  needn’t/don’t have to（不必）， mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”  — Must I finish all assignments at a time?   —Yes, you______. No, you ______________________ . must needn't / don’t have to Task3: Read the passage and fill in the blanks with suitable modals verbs in the box. 1. may 2. should 3.must 4. can 5. ought to 6. would 7. would 8. might 9. had better 10. might 11. would $$