精品解析：2024届山东省聊城市高三下学期二模英语试题

2024年聊城市高考模拟试题 英语（二） 本试卷分三部分，共8页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to the fascinating world of books! Whether you are a lifelong bookworm or are trying to develop a love for reading in your little ones, the 2024 Miami Book Fair is for you. When and Where Is the Fair? This much-loved South Florida event will be held from May 12 to 18, 2024 at the MDC Wolfson Campus Plaza in Downtown Miami. During this week-long book feast, you will find a group of events running from morning to night. What to Expect at the Fair? This year, the fair will feature more than 400 celebrated authors from around the world. There will be a rich collection of writers and their works of nonfiction, romances, children’s literature, and almost every other type under the sun. For green writers, it’s a place to connect with their favorite editors. For book lovers, it’s an opportunity to get autographs (亲笔签名) from many popular authors and ask them some questions. Is the Fair Kid-Friendly? Absolutely. Far from a boring cultural event, this literary festival has fun parent-children interactive games and educational tents. Besides, little readers can not only explore arts and crafts, but also experience face painting and book giveaways. How Much Does the Fair Cost? On Friday, the fair is free. On Saturday or Sunday, it is $10 for adults for one day, or you can get a two-day pass for $15. Kids under age 12 can attend for free and the kids aged 13-18 are $5 per day. For people aged 62 and over, you can also get tickets for $5. So mark your calendars, head to Downtown Miami, and enjoy yourself in the heart of the city’s literary scene. 1. What can be expected at the fair? A. Donating used books. B. Seeking autographs from publishers. C. Exploring Downtown Miami. D. Recommending new books to editors. 2. How much should a couple with a ten-year-old girl pay for the Sunday fair? A. $10. B. $15. C. $20. D. $25. 3. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To advertise for an activity. B. To inspire children’s love for reading. C. To raise money for charity. D. To describe a literary scene. B It wasn’t until I got into college and took a class on creative writing that I began to trust my own madness. The professor encouraged us to color outside the lines and trust our abilities as a writer. We had weekly sessions where we read each other’s work and had to give constructive criticism. On our first assignment, I struggled with getting my ideas onto paper. I knew that kind of story I wanted to tell, but as a reserved young man, I was terrified of judgement from my peers. I was afraid they would think my writing was too dark or really messed up. But finally, after spending hours thinking of making the writing more socially acceptable, I decided to write it like I felt it. In the next critique session, I was shocked at the reaction from my peers. There was some constructive criticism, which really helped me improve, but overall, they loved how realistic and convincing my writing was. At the end of the class, the professor asked me if she could use my assignment as a sample for her other classes to know that they can trust their own madness with their writing. For the final we had a huge paper for which we had to write on Henry V. The professor encouraged me to write it in the voice I had developed in the creative writing class, so I did. The consequence was that she called it a graduate level paper and asked to use it as another sample. That year I ended up winning a writing award. I also entered a writing contest online and out of hundreds of entries, got an honorable mention. And that was when I decided to have a shot at fiction. 4. What does the underlined phrase “color outside the lines” mean in the first paragraph? A. Stress the words. B. Generate new ideas. C. Add color to the lines. D. Take risks. 5. What happened with the author’s first assignment? A. He messed it up. B. He didn’t know how to do it. C. He felt insecure about it. D. He adjusted it in an acceptable way. 6. What can we know from paragraph 3? A. His peers thought his writing was persuasive. B. His peers criticized his writing style. C. The professor asked him to teach others to write. D. His writing reached graduate level. 7. What was the secret of the author’s success in writing? A. His persistence in writing. B. Trust in his own madness. C His professor’s encouragement. D. Constructive criticism from his peers. C As the climate continues to get warmer, the glaciers (冰川) are melting and the sea levels are rising. As it affects the land, mountains are taller than before. How does this happen? Scientists studied the last ice age, which occurred 16,000 years ago when much of Earth’s Northern Hemisphere was covered in ice. Although the ice melted long ago, Earth’s crust (地壳) is still rising and sinking in reaction to its previous ice age burden. This movement is called glacial isostatic adjustment (冰川均衡调整). Scientists believe that an ice sheet about 800 meters thick could cause a depression (洼地) about 275 meters deep, according to the Smithsonian Magazine. “As the ice sheets began to melt around 11,700 years ago, the glaciers cleared large and heavy masses, allowing the mountains to rise up,” US geologist Mike Kaplan told the Columbia Climate Scehool website. Recent studies suggest that land in southeast Alaska is rising at a rate of about 3centimeters per year. Families living on the coast welcome this “new” land, according to The New York Times. However, they soon find themselves in a trap. As the land uplifts and coastal areas move away from the sea, rivers can dry up more easily, making it harder for them to reach the sea. This could result in a reduction in water resources, affecting animals and creatures living in the rivers. Researchers are concerned that this may make a challenge to fishermen, as raising fish in these areas could become more difficult. While the depression of Earth’s crust springs back slowly, once uplifted areas are sinking. For example, a 2015 study suggests that the Chesapeake Bay on the eastern coast of the US could sink more than 15 centimeters by 2100. This sinking trend also suggests that these areas may experience more significant impacts from a rise in sea levels. 8. What can we learn about glacial isostatie adjustment? A. It mainly happened during the last ice age. B. It causes the ice sheets to melt. C. It becomes a burden of the earth. D. It affects the land’s height above sea level. 9. How do the local people probably feel according to paragraph 4? A. Concerned. B. Surprised. C. Annoyed. D. Puzzled. 10. What challenge might the Chesapeake Bay face in the future? A. More serious sea pollution. B Lower sea level. C. Increased coastal flooding. D. Rapid land uplift. 11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Climate Change Is Causing Higher Sea Level B. Melting Glaciers Are Making Mountains Taller C. Global Warming Is Affecting Ecosystem D. Glacial Melting Is Picking Up Speed D Four-legged robots like Boston Dynamics’ Spot and Cheetah owe almost all their quickness to fancy footwork. In biology, however, a four-legged animal’s movement, flexibility, and complex motor functions come almost entirely from its spine (脊柱). If artificial spines could be put into such designs, engineers could find entirely new approaches to accurate mobility. Now, engineers are reportedly a few steps further towards spine-centric, four-legged bots thanks to a research team’s rat-inspired robot. NeRmo is a biomimetic and four-legged robot that depends on an innovative motor-tendon (运动肌腱的) structure to move around environments. As far as looks go, NeRmo mirrors a mouse’s bone system. The robot’s solid front half houses its electronics systems, while its latter half functions much as an actual flexible spine would. Artificial tendons passing through the spine as well as the robot’s arm and knee joints allow NeRmo even more mouselike movements alongside quicker turning times. NeRmo’s tendon system prevented the need for any muscle while still allowing for smooth bending capabilities, i. e. side-to-side, and up-and-down. To test their new design, the team ran NeRmo through a series of four experiments to demonstrate balancing, straight-line walking, quick turning, and maze navigation. Each trial included two rounds — one with the spinal system engaged, and the other with it disabled. Across the board, NeRmo performed the tasks better, faster, and more accurately when it combined the spine with its movements. Maze navigation, however, was NeRmo’s true shining moment. With its spine engaged, the mouse-bot completed its maze runs much faster than simply wandering through without spinal support. Although still in its early stages, researchers believe further design involving the spinal systems in future four-legged robots could vastly improve their functionality. If NeRmo wasn’t proof enough, think of it this way — MIT’s Cheetah can run 13 feet per second with just one joint copying the bending of the spine forward and backward. NeRmo, meanwhile, has eight joints. 12. What is the limitation of Boston Dynamics’ Spot and Cheetah? A. Having an unattractive appearance. B. Referring to few biological bases. C. Having a strict range of applications. D. Lacking spine-based moving accuracy. 13. Which of the following makes NeRmo move more like mice? A The tendon system. B. The bone system. C. The muscle system. D. The knee joint. 14. What did the four testing experiments find? A. NeRmo had a great sense of direction. B. The spinal system bettered NeRmo’s movement. C. NeRmo without an artificial spine lost control easily. D. Artificial spines gave hope to disabled animals. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Putting NeRmo into use has difficulties in practice. B. Reducing the number of joints in robots is necessary. C. Applying spinal systems to robots has a promising outlook. D. Creating more four-legged robots is a matter of time. 第二节 （共5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The heat and humidity in summer can make even the most dedicated runners want to stay inside. Here are some tips which can help you remain on track even when the weather is less than ideal. First, do remember to stay hydrated when running in summer. When it’s hot, you will sweat more and lose essential electrolytes (电解质). To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat-related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. ____16____ Another way to make summer running easier is to get an early start. The temperature is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. ____17____ Further, starting your run early will even help you make the most of your day. ____18____ However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. One tip is to choose light-colored clothing, as darker colors absorb more heat. You should also look for fabrics that are breathable and quick-drying. When running in the summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion (过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. ____19____ Just slow down your usual pace and focus on running for long, rather than trying to cover a lot of ground quickly, and you will be able to enjoy your run while staying safe. After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. ____20____ By cooling down properly, you’ll be able to beat the heat. In addition, it helps to regulate your body temperature and prevent muscle soreness. A. Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool. B The heat will make it challenging to run outside. C. This will help you keep your body functioning at its best. D. Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself. E. So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired. F. By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day. G. As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every Saturday we trained with the same marathon running club. I had no idea he was blind because he ____21____ past me alongside his guide runner. It took a few weeks before I was ____22____ asking him what, if anything, he could see. I wasn’t just ____23____ by his running times. He also had a beautiful smile that lit up the room. We had our first ____24____ date climbing the famous sand dune on Pacific Coast Highway. Eight years into our marriage, Adrian decided to learn to ____25____, so he could fulfill his dream of competing in an Ironman triathlon. Adrian’s first lesson was a ____26____, but his coach’s enthusiasm was short-lived. His next instructor was easy to give in and recommended my husband ____27____ swimming. So, being a competitive swimmer in high school, I was ____28____ I could teach him. Soon I realized how much of a ____29____ swimming was for my husband, even with a tether rope. His progress at each lesson was slow but _____30_____. Nearly a month later, he tried without the tether rope, but _____31_____ going in the wrong direction. Every time I raised my voice over the roaring waves he felt so _____32_____ by my instructions. Fortunately these days we laugh because Adrian is even faster than I am. He has grown more _____33_____ with me when I have to raise my voice. I, _____34_____, no longer say, “You went the wrong way!”, which makes him feel bad. Instead, I say, “Over here,” to which he ____35____ , and then swims back toward me. 21. A. jumped B. flew C. rode D. drove 22. A. comfortable B. pleased C. awkward D. anxious 23. A. influenced B. defeated C. confused D. impressed 24. A. easy B. official C. vital D. complete 25. A. run B. bike C. swim D. diet 26. A. mess B. relief C. success D. disaster 27. A. abandon B. keep C. risk D. appreciate 28. A. confident B. doubtful C. grateful D. fortunate 29. A. benefit B. burden C. regret D. struggle 30. A. slim B. steady C. hard D. alarming 31. A. gradually B. rarely C. cautiously D. frequently 32. A. encouraged B. worried C. frustrated D. surprised 33. A. patient B. careful C. popular D. disappointed 34. A. in fact B. in brief C. in turn D. in return 35. A. looks B. nods C. bows D. shouts 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese acrobatic (杂技) dates back to the Neolithic, when ancient people developed it from daily life for enjoyment and celebration. The use of daily items such as tables, chairs, bowls and plates ____36____ (be) common in their performances. By the time of the Han Dynasty, the art of acrobatics ____37____ (achieve) great progress in both content and variety. There were wonderful acrobatic performances ____38____ background music on the stage. During the Tang Dynasty, the number of acrobats greatly increased and their skills improved a great deal. ____39____ (regard) as part of the national heritage, Chinese acrobatics features the ability ____40____ (maintain) balance in performance movements. For example, ____41____ experienced acrobat can walk on 3-meter-high poles while juggling 7 bowls. Acrobats can act like fish swimming ____42____ (smooth) in the water, birds flying through trees and butterflies dancing among flowers, showcasing wonderful skills ____43____ require years of hard training. And the performances reflect humans’spirit of braving hardships and dangers while seeking ____44____ (perfect). Modern Chinese acrobatics has set up a designing and directing system. It is aimed at creating beautiful stage images and _____45_____ (harmony) effects of music, clothing, props, and lighting to bring about a fully developed stage art. 第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，得知你校的新西兰交换生David打算学习中国传统乐器二胡，但又担心会影响自己其他课程的学习。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.表示支持； 2.给出建议； 3.表达愿望。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 The man was kind of small, but to a five-year-old, he was a giant. Cherry-scented smoke from Grandpa’s pipe kept the hungry mosquitoes at bay. Now and again, he blew a smoke ring and laughed as I tried to target the hole with my finger. We sat side by side on the old wooden stairs that hot summer evening, watching the traffic, counting cars and trying to guess the color of the next one to turn the corner. We watched the sun go down behind the old Texaco service station across the busy street, which I was never allowed to cross unless accompanied by an adult. My grandfather was baby-sitting while my mother, father and grandmother went out. While my two baby brothers slept inside the house, my three older siblings (兄弟姐妹) played with friends around the corner, where I was not allowed to go. I stayed with Grandpa, and that was okay with me. “Thirsty?” Grandpa asked, never removing the pipe from his mouth. “Yes,” was my reply. “How would you like to run over to the gas station there and get yourself a bottle of Coke?” I couldn’t believe my ears. On my family’s modest income, Coke was not a part of our budget or diet. “Okay,” I replied shyly, already wondering how I would get across the street. He stretched his long leg out straight and reached his huge hand deep into the pocket. Opening his fist, he exposed several silver coins. He instructed me to pick out one. After he deposited the rest of the change back into his pocket, he stood up. “Okay,” he said, helping me down the stairs and to the curb (马路沿儿). “I’m going to stay here and keep an ear out for the babies. I’ll tell you when it’s safe to cross. You go over to the Coke machine, get your Coke out and come back. Wait for me to tell you when it’s safe to cross back.” My heart pounded. Excitement took my breath away. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Grandpa held my hand tightly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My heart pounded wildly as I approached the Coke machine. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年聊城市高考模拟试题 英语（二） 本试卷分三部分，共8页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to the fascinating world of books! Whether you are a lifelong bookworm or are trying to develop a love for reading in your little ones, the 2024 Miami Book Fair is for you. When and Where Is the Fair? This much-loved South Florida event will be held from May 12 to 18, 2024 at the MDC Wolfson Campus Plaza in Downtown Miami. During this week-long book feast, you will find a group of events running from morning to night. What to Expect at the Fair? This year, the fair will feature more than 400 celebrated authors from around the world. There will be a rich collection of writers and their works of nonfiction, romances, children’s literature, and almost every other type under the sun. For green writers, it’s a place to connect with their favorite editors. For book lovers, it’s an opportunity to get autographs (亲笔签名) from many popular authors and ask them some questions. Is the Fair Kid-Friendly? Absolutely. Far from a boring cultural event, this literary festival has fun parent-children interactive games and educational tents. Besides, little readers can not only explore arts and crafts, but also experience face painting and book giveaways. How Much Does the Fair Cost? On Friday, the fair is free. On Saturday or Sunday, it is $10 for adults for one day, or you can get a two-day pass for $15. Kids under age 12 can attend for free and the kids aged 13-18 are $5 per day. For people aged 62 and over, you can also get tickets for $5. So mark your calendars, head to Downtown Miami, and enjoy yourself in the heart of the city’s literary scene. 1. What can be expected at the fair? A. Donating used books. B. Seeking autographs from publishers. C Exploring Downtown Miami. D. Recommending new books to editors. 2. How much should a couple with a ten-year-old girl pay for the Sunday fair? A. $10. B. $15. C. $20. D. $25. 3. What’s the purpose of the text? A To advertise for an activity. B. To inspire children’s love for reading. C. To raise money for charity. D. To describe a literary scene. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年的迈阿密图书展，包括其举办时间和地点、图书类型、活动内容、适合人群和门票价格等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What to Expect at the Fair?”部分中的“For green writers, it’s a place to connect with their favorite editors. For book lovers, it’s an opportunity to get autographs (亲笔签名) from many popular authors and ask them some questions.(对于新手作家来说，这是一个与他们最喜欢的编辑联系的地方。对于图书爱好者来说，这是一个获得许多知名作家签名并向他们提问的机会。)”可知，在书展上，新手作家可以与最喜欢的编辑联系，向他们推荐自己的新书，图书爱好者可以向知名作家要亲笔签名并向他们提问。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How Much Does the Fair Cost?”部分的“On Saturday or Sunday, it is $10 for adults for one day, or you can get a two-day pass for $15. Kids under age 12 can attend for free and the kids aged 13-18 are $5 per day. (周六或周日，成人一天的费用是10美元，或者你可以购买两天的通行证，价格为15美元。12岁以下的儿童可以免费参加，13-18岁的儿童每天5美元。)”可知，周日的时候，一对夫妇需要花费10*2=20美元，而他们10岁的女儿是免费的。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Whether you are a lifelong bookworm or are trying to develop a love for reading in your little ones, the 2024 Miami Book Fair is for you. (无论你是一个终身书虫，还是试图培养你的孩子对阅读的热爱，2024年迈阿密图书展都是为你准备的。)”以及下文内容可知，整篇文章都在介绍2024年迈阿密书展的相关信息，包括时间、地点、活动内容、票价等；因此，这篇文章的目的是为一项活动做广告。故选A。 B It wasn’t until I got into college and took a class on creative writing that I began to trust my own madness. The professor encouraged us to color outside the lines and trust our abilities as a writer. We had weekly sessions where we read each other’s work and had to give constructive criticism. On our first assignment, I struggled with getting my ideas onto paper. I knew that kind of story I wanted to tell, but as a reserved young man, I was terrified of judgement from my peers. I was afraid they would think my writing was too dark or really messed up. But finally, after spending hours thinking of making the writing more socially acceptable, I decided to write it like I felt it. In the next critique session, I was shocked at the reaction from my peers. There was some constructive criticism, which really helped me improve, but overall, they loved how realistic and convincing my writing was. At the end of the class, the professor asked me if she could use my assignment as a sample for her other classes to know that they can trust their own madness with their writing. For the final we had a huge paper for which we had to write on Henry V. The professor encouraged me to write it in the voice I had developed in the creative writing class, so I did. The consequence was that she called it a graduate level paper and asked to use it as another sample. That year I ended up winning a writing award. I also entered a writing contest online and out of hundreds of entries, got an honorable mention. And that was when I decided to have a shot at fiction. 4. What does the underlined phrase “color outside the lines” mean in the first paragraph? A. Stress the words. B. Generate new ideas. C. Add color to the lines. D. Take risks. 5. What happened with the author’s first assignment? A. He messed it up. B. He didn’t know how to do it. C. He felt insecure about it. D. He adjusted it in an acceptable way. 6. What can we know from paragraph 3? A. His peers thought his writing was persuasive. B. His peers criticized his writing style. C. The professor asked him to teach others to write. D. His writing reached graduate level. 7. What was the secret of the author’s success in writing? A. His persistence in writing. B. Trust in his own madness. C. His professor’s encouragement. D. Constructive criticism from his peers. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学创意写作课上的经历，以及这段经历如何帮助他在写作上取得成功。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线部分上文“It wasn’t until I got into college and took a class on creative writing that I began to trust my own madness.(直到我上了大学，上了一门关于创意写作的课，我才开始相信自己的疯狂。)”以及第二段第一句“On our first assignment, I struggled with getting my ideas onto paper.(在我们的第一次作业中，我很难把我的想法写下来。)”可知，这门课是关于创意写作课，要求学生产生新的具有创意的想法并进行写作；由此可知，“The professor encouraged us to color outside the lines and trust our abilities as a writer.(教授鼓励我们color outside the lines，要相信自己的写作能力。)”中的color outside the lines指的是“产生新的创意”。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“I knew that kind of story I wanted to tell, but as a reserved young man, I was terrified of judgement from my peers. I was afraid they would think my writing was too dark or really messed up. (我知道我想讲什么样的故事，但作为一个保守的年轻人，我害怕同龄人对我的评价。我担心他们会认为我的写作太黑暗或太混乱。)”可知，作者在完成第一个任务时，担心自己的作品会受到同龄人的批评和否定，对自己的作品缺乏信心。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“In the next critique session, I was shocked at the reaction from my peers. There was some constructive criticism, which really helped me improve, but overall, they loved how realistic and convincing my writing was. (在接下来的互评环节中，我对同学们的反应感到震惊。有一些建设性的批评，这对我的提高很有帮助，但总的来说，他们喜欢我的写作是多么真实和令人信服。)”可知，同学们的反馈是积极的，他们喜欢作者的写作风格，认为它是真实和令人信服的。由此推知，同学们认为作者的作品是有说服力的。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“It wasn’t until I got into college and took a class on creative writing that I began to trust my own madness.(直到我上了大学，上了一门关于创意写作的课，我才开始相信自己的疯狂。)”、第三段中“At the end of the class, the professor asked me if she could use my assignment as a sample for her other classes to know that they can trust their own madness with their writing.(在这节课结束时，教授问我是否可以把我的作业作为一个样本，让她的其他班级知道自己的写作可以相信自己的疯狂。)”以及最后一段的“That year I ended up winning a writing award. I also entered a writing contest online and out of hundreds of entries, got an honorable mention. And that was when I decided to have a shot at fiction. (那一年，我最终获得了一个写作奖项。我还参加了一个网上写作比赛，在数百份参赛作品中，获得了荣誉奖。就在那时，我决定尝试写小说。)”可知，作者在创意写作课上，跳出思维定式，相信自己的疯狂想法，最终获得了成功。由此推知，作者写作成功的秘诀是相信自己的疯狂。故选B。 C As the climate continues to get warmer, the glaciers (冰川) are melting and the sea levels are rising. As it affects the land, mountains are taller than before. How does this happen? Scientists studied the last ice age, which occurred 16,000 years ago when much of Earth’s Northern Hemisphere was covered in ice. Although the ice melted long ago, Earth’s crust (地壳) is still rising and sinking in reaction to its previous ice age burden. This movement is called glacial isostatic adjustment (冰川均衡调整). Scientists believe that an ice sheet about 800 meters thick could cause a depression (洼地) about 275 meters deep, according to the Smithsonian Magazine. “As the ice sheets began to melt around 11,700 years ago, the glaciers cleared large and heavy masses, allowing the mountains to rise up,” US geologist Mike Kaplan told the Columbia Climate Scehool website. Recent studies suggest that land in southeast Alaska is rising at a rate of about 3centimeters per year. Families living on the coast welcome this “new” land, according to The New York Times. However, they soon find themselves in a trap. As the land uplifts and coastal areas move away from the sea, rivers can dry up more easily, making it harder for them to reach the sea. This could result in a reduction in water resources, affecting animals and creatures living in the rivers. Researchers are concerned that this may make a challenge to fishermen, as raising fish in these areas could become more difficult. While the depression of Earth’s crust springs back slowly, once uplifted areas are sinking. For example, a 2015 study suggests that the Chesapeake Bay on the eastern coast of the US could sink more than 15 centimeters by 2100. This sinking trend also suggests that these areas may experience more significant impacts from a rise in sea levels. 8. What can we learn about glacial isostatie adjustment? A. It mainly happened during the last ice age. B. It causes the ice sheets to melt. C. It becomes a burden of the earth. D. It affects the land’s height above sea level. 9. How do the local people probably feel according to paragraph 4? A. Concerned. B. Surprised. C. Annoyed. D. Puzzled. 10. What challenge might the Chesapeake Bay face in the future? A. More serious sea pollution. B. Lower sea level. C. Increased coastal flooding. D. Rapid land uplift. 11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Climate Change Is Causing Higher Sea Level B. Melting Glaciers Are Making Mountains Taller C. Global Warming Is Affecting Ecosystem D. Glacial Melting Is Picking Up Speed 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要是关于冰川融化对陆地影响，山比以前更高。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Although the ice melted long ago, Earth’s crust (地壳) is still rising and sinking in reaction to its previous ice age burden. This movement is called glacial isostatic adjustment (冰川均衡调整).(虽然冰很久以前就融化了，但地壳仍然在上升和下降，这是对之前冰河时代的负担的反应。这种运动被称为冰川均衡调整)”可知，冰川均衡调整影响陆地的海拔高度，故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Researchers are concerned that this may make a challenge to fishermen, as raising fish in these areas could become more difficult.(研究人员担心，这可能会给渔民带来挑战，因为在这些地区养鱼可能会变得更加困难)”可知，渔民养鱼可能会变得更加困难，由此推知当地人可能会感到担心，故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“For example, a 2015 study suggests that the Chesapeake Bay on the eastern coast of the US could sink more than 15 centimeters by 2100. This sinking trend also suggests that these areas may experience more significant impacts from a rise in sea levels.(例如，2015年的一项研究表明，到2100年，美国东海岸的切萨皮克湾可能会下沉15厘米以上。这种下沉趋势还表明，这些地区可能会受到海平面上升的更大影响)”可知，切萨皮克湾未来可能会下沉15厘米以上，该地区可能会受到海平面上升的更大影响，故未来可能面临沿海洪水的增加，故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“As the climate continues to get warmer, the glaciers (冰川) are melting and the sea levels are rising. As it affects the land, mountains are taller than before. How does this happen?(随着气候持续变暖，冰川正在融化，海平面正在上升。由于它对陆地的影响，山比以前高了。这是怎么发生的？)”可知，文章主要是关于冰川融化对陆地的影响，山比以前更高，B项“冰川融化使山脉变得更高”为最佳标题，故选B。 D Four-legged robots like Boston Dynamics’ Spot and Cheetah owe almost all their quickness to fancy footwork. In biology, however, a four-legged animal’s movement, flexibility, and complex motor functions come almost entirely from its spine (脊柱). If artificial spines could be put into such designs, engineers could find entirely new approaches to accurate mobility. Now, engineers are reportedly a few steps further towards spine-centric, four-legged bots thanks to a research team’s rat-inspired robot. NeRmo is a biomimetic and four-legged robot that depends on an innovative motor-tendon (运动肌腱的) structure to move around environments. As far as looks go, NeRmo mirrors a mouse’s bone system. The robot’s solid front half houses its electronics systems, while its latter half functions much as an actual flexible spine would. Artificial tendons passing through the spine as well as the robot’s arm and knee joints allow NeRmo even more mouselike movements alongside quicker turning times. NeRmo’s tendon system prevented the need for any muscle while still allowing for smooth bending capabilities, i. e. side-to-side, and up-and-down. To test their new design, the team ran NeRmo through a series of four experiments to demonstrate balancing, straight-line walking, quick turning, and maze navigation. Each trial included two rounds — one with the spinal system engaged, and the other with it disabled. Across the board, NeRmo performed the tasks better, faster, and more accurately when it combined the spine with its movements. Maze navigation, however, was NeRmo’s true shining moment. With its spine engaged, the mouse-bot completed its maze runs much faster than simply wandering through without spinal support. Although still in its early stages, researchers believe further design involving the spinal systems in future four-legged robots could vastly improve their functionality. If NeRmo wasn’t proof enough, think of it this way — MIT’s Cheetah can run 13 feet per second with just one joint copying the bending of the spine forward and backward. NeRmo, meanwhile, has eight joints. 12. What is the limitation of Boston Dynamics’ Spot and Cheetah? A. Having an unattractive appearance. B. Referring to few biological bases. C. Having a strict range of applications. D. Lacking spine-based moving accuracy. 13. Which of the following makes NeRmo move more like mice? A. The tendon system. B. The bone system. C. The muscle system. D. The knee joint. 14. What did the four testing experiments find? A. NeRmo had a great sense of direction. B. The spinal system bettered NeRmo’s movement. C. NeRmo without an artificial spine lost control easily. D. Artificial spines gave hope to disabled animals. 15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Putting NeRmo into use has difficulties in practice. B. Reducing the number of joints in robots is necessary. C. Applying spinal systems to robots has a promising outlook. D. Creating more four-legged robots is a matter of time. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了受老鼠启发的机器人NeRmo，它的运动肌腱结构使它能够像老鼠一样快速、灵活地运动。研究人员通过一系列实验证明，NeRmo的脊柱系统能够提高它的运动性能，这为未来四足机器人的设计提供了新的思路。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Four-legged robots like Boston Dynamics’ Spo t and Cheetah owe almost all their quickness to fancy footwork. In biology, however, a four-legged animal’s movement, flexibility, and complex motor functions come almost entirely from its spine(脊柱). If artificial spines could be put into such designs, engineers could find entirely new approaches to accurate mobility.(像波士顿动力公司(Boston Dynamics)的Spot和Cheetah这样的四足机器人，它们的快速几乎都归功于花哨的步法。然而，在生物学中，四足动物的运动、灵活性和复杂的运动功能几乎完全来自其脊柱。如果人工脊柱能够被应用到这样的设计中，工程师们可能会找到全新的方法来实现精确的运动。)”可知，Boston Dynamics的Spot和Cheetah几乎完全依赖于复杂的步法来实现快速运动，而在生物学中，四足动物的运动、灵活性和复杂的运动功能几乎完全来自其脊柱。由此可知，Boston Dynamics的Spot和Cheetah的局限性在于缺乏基于脊柱的运动精度。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Artificial tendons passing through the spine as well as the robot’s arm and knee joints allow NeRmo even more mouselike movements alongside quicker turning times.(穿过脊柱以及机器人手臂和膝盖关节的人造肌腱使NeRmo能够做出更像老鼠的动作，同时还能更快地转弯)”可知，NeRmo机器人的运动肌腱结构使其能够像老鼠一样快速、灵活地运动。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Across the board, NeRmo performed the tasks better, faster, and more accurately when it combined the spine with its movements.(总的来说，当NeRmo将脊柱与运动结合起来时，它能更好、更快、更准确地完成任务。)”可知，上文的四个测试实验发现脊柱系统改善了NeRmo的运动。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Although still in its early stages, researchers believe further design involving the spinal systems in future four-legged robots could vastly improve their functionality.(尽管仍处于早期阶段，研究人员相信，在未来的四足机器人中涉及脊柱系统的进一步设计可以大大提高它们的功能。)”可知，在机器人中应用脊柱系统具有广阔的前景。故选C。 第二节 （共5 小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The heat and humidity in summer can make even the most dedicated runners want to stay inside. Here are some tips which can help you remain on track even when the weather is less than ideal. First, do remember to stay hydrated when running in summer. When it’s hot, you will sweat more and lose essential electrolytes (电解质). To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat-related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. ____16____ Another way to make summer running easier is to get an early start. The temperature is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. ____17____ Further, starting your run early will even help you make the most of your day. ____18____ However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. One tip is to choose light-colored clothing, as darker colors absorb more heat. You should also look for fabrics that are breathable and quick-drying. When running in the summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion (过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. ____19____ Just slow down your usual pace and focus on running for long, rather than trying to cover a lot of ground quickly, and you will be able to enjoy your run while staying safe. After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. ____20____ By cooling down properly, you’ll be able to beat the heat. In addition, it helps to regulate your body temperature and prevent muscle soreness. A. Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool. B. The heat will make it challenging to run outside. C. This will help you keep your body functioning at its best. D. Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself. E. So listen to your body and take breaks if you start feeling overheated or tired. F. By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day. G. As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run. 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在夏天跑步时保持健康的一些建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“To avoid heat exhaustion, dizziness and other heat-related issues, drink plenty of fluids before, during, and after your run. (为了避免中暑、头晕和其他与热有关的问题，在跑步前、跑步中和跑步后要喝大量的液体。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，防止中暑等问题的建议，C 选项“This will help you keep your body functioning at its best. (这将帮助你保持身体的最佳功能。)”中的This指代上文提到的“喝大量的液体”，符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The temperature is typically cooler in the morning, and the sun will become more intense as the day goes on. (早晨的温度通常比较凉爽，而随着一天的推移，太阳会变得更加猛烈。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，选择合适的时间的建议，F 选项“By doing it, you can avoid the heat and crowds that often build up later in the day. (通过这样做，你可以避开在一天晚些时候经常出现的炎热和人群。)”中的 by doing it 指代上文提到的“在早晨跑步”，符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据下文“However, it’s essential to dress appropriately for summer running. (然而，在夏天跑步时穿着得体是很重要的。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，穿着方面的建议，G 选项“As the weather gets warmer, it can be tempting to put on your shorts and tank top for a run. (随着天气变暖，人们很容易穿上短裤和背心去跑步。)”中的“穿上短裤和背心去跑步”是不恰当的穿着，与下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选 G。 【19题详解】 根据上文“When running in the summer, pay attention to your body, and take breaks as needed in case of overexertion (过度负荷) which can lead to heat stroke. (在夏天跑步时，要注意自己的身体，在需要时休息，以防过度劳累导致中暑。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步时，要注意身体，避免过度劳累，D 选项“Hence, on top of tips above, it’s important to pace yourself. (因此，除了以上的建议，调整自己的节奏也很重要)。”中的“调整自己的节奏”是避免过度劳累的方法之一，符合语境。故选 D。 【20题详解】 根据上文“After a hot run, drink plenty of fluids and take a few minutes to stretch. (在炎热的跑步后，喝大量的液体，花几分钟时间伸展身体。)”可知，该部分介绍的是在夏天跑步后，要注意身体的冷却和伸展，A 选项“Then, hop in a shower or take a dip in the pool. (然后，去冲个澡或在游泳池里泡一泡。)。”中的“去冲个澡或在游泳池里泡一泡”是身体冷却的方法之一，符合语境。故选 A。 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every Saturday we trained with the same marathon running club. I had no idea he was blind because he ____21____ past me alongside his guide runner. It took a few weeks before I was ____22____ asking him what, if anything, he could see. I wasn’t just ____23____ by his running times. He also had a beautiful smile that lit up the room. We had our first ____24____ date climbing the famous sand dune on Pacific Coast Highway. Eight years into our marriage, Adrian decided to learn to ____25____, so he could fulfill his dream of competing in an Ironman triathlon. Adrian’s first lesson was a ____26____, but his coach’s enthusiasm was short-lived. His next instructor was easy to give in and recommended my husband ____27____ swimming. So, being a competitive swimmer in high school, I was ____28____ I could teach him. Soon I realized how much of a ____29____ swimming was for my husband, even with a tether rope. His progress at each lesson was slow but _____30_____. Nearly a month later, he tried without the tether rope, but _____31_____ going in the wrong direction. Every time I raised my voice over the roaring waves he felt so _____32_____ by my instructions. Fortunately these days we laugh because Adrian is even faster than I am. He has grown more _____33_____ with me when I have to raise my voice. I, _____34_____, no longer say, “You went the wrong way!”, which makes him feel bad. Instead, I say, “Over here,” to which he ____35____ , and then swims back toward me. 21. A. jumped B. flew C. rode D. drove 22. A. comfortable B. pleased C. awkward D. anxious 23. A. influenced B. defeated C. confused D. impressed 24. A. easy B. official C. vital D. complete 25. A. run B. bike C. swim D. diet 26. A. mess B. relief C. success D. disaster 27. A. abandon B. keep C. risk D. appreciate 28. A. confident B. doubtful C. grateful D. fortunate 29. A. benefit B. burden C. regret D. struggle 30. A. slim B. steady C. hard D. alarming 31. A. gradually B. rarely C. cautiously D. frequently 32. A. encouraged B. worried C. frustrated D. surprised 33. A. patient B. careful C. popular D. disappointed 34. A. in fact B. in brief C. in turn D. in return 35. A. looks B. nods C. bows D. shouts 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的丈夫是一位盲人，他们在跑步俱乐部相识。结婚八年后，作者的丈夫决定学习游泳，以实现他参加铁人三项比赛的梦想。作者作为一名曾经的游泳健将，自告奋勇地教丈夫游泳，但在这个过程中他们遇到了很多困难。如今，作者的丈夫已经成为了一名优秀的游泳选手，甚至比作者游得还快。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到他是盲人，因为他和他的领跑员从我身边飞驰而过。A. jumped跳跃；B. flew飞；C. rode骑行；D. drove驾驶。根据下文“past me alongside his guide runner”可知，作者的丈夫和领跑员跑得很快，就像飞一样。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我才自在地问他，他能看到什么，如果能看到的话。A. comfortable舒服的，自在的；B. pleased高兴的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据上文“I had no idea he was blind(我不知道他是盲人)”以及“past me alongside his guide runner”可知，作者一开始不知道丈夫是盲人，所以需要一些时间来适应和调整，之后才自在地问起他的视力情况。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅对他的跑步成绩印象深刻。A. influenced影响；B. defeated击败；C. confused使困惑；D. impressed留下深刻印象。根据下文“He also had a beautiful smile that lit up the room.”可知，作者对丈夫的印象很好，不仅对他的跑步成绩印象深刻，也被他的笑容所吸引。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的第一次正式约会是爬上太平洋海岸公路上著名的沙丘。A. easy容易的；B. official正式的；C. vital至关重要的；D. complete完全的。根据下文“date climbing the famous sand dune on Pacific Coast Highway”以及“Eight years into our marriage”可知，作者和丈夫爬上沙丘约会，后来结婚，可推理出此处说的是他们的第一次正式约会。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：结婚八年后，Adrian决定学习游泳，这样他就可以实现参加铁人三项比赛的梦想。A. run跑步；B. bike骑行；C. swim游泳；D. diet节食。根据下文“so he could fulfill his dream of competing in an Ironman triathlon.”可知，Adrian 决定学习游泳，因为铁人三项比赛包括游泳、自行车和跑步三个项目。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Adrian的第一节课是很成功的，但他的教练的热情很快就消失了。A. mess混乱；B. relief减轻；C. success成功；D. disaster灾难。根据下文“but his coach’s enthusiasm was short-lived.”可知，Adrian的教练的热情很快就消失了，可推理出第一节课很成功。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的下一个教练很容易就放弃了，并建议我的丈夫放弃游泳。A. abandon放弃；B. keep保持；C. risk冒险；D. appreciate欣赏。根据上文“His next instructor was easy to give in”可知，第二个教练建议Adrian放弃游泳。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以，作为一名高中时的游泳健将，我自信我可以教他。A. confident自信的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. grateful感激的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据上文“being a competitive swimmer in high school”可知，作者在高中时是一名有竞争力的游泳运动员，对自己的游泳技术很有信心，认为自己可以教丈夫游泳。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我就意识到游泳对我丈夫来说是多么艰难，即使有牵引绳。A. benefit好处；B. burden负担；C. regret后悔；D. struggle难事。根据下文“His progress at each lesson was slow”可知，丈夫在学习游泳的过程中遇到了很多困难，进展缓慢，这对他来说是艰难的事。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他每节课的进步都很慢但很稳定。A. slim苗条的；B. steady稳定的；C. hard艰难的；D. alarming令人担忧的。根据上文“His progress at each lesson was slow”中的 but 可知，前后句之间是转折关系，说明虽然进步很慢，但还是有进步的，是稳定的。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：将近一个月后，他试着不使用牵引绳，但经常走错方向。A. gradually逐渐地；B. rarely很少地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. frequently频繁地。根据下文“Every time I raised my voice over the roaring waves he felt so”可知，下文说的是作者经常提高嗓门喊丈夫，可知没有了牵引绳，丈夫失去了方向，经常走错方向。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次我在汹涌海浪上提高嗓门时，他都会对我的指令感到非常沮丧。A. encouraged受到鼓舞的；B. worried担心的；C. frustrated沮丧的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“Every time I raised my voice over the roaring waves”可知，作者在指导丈夫游泳时，声音比较大，这让丈夫感到很沮丧。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对我提高嗓门变得更有耐心了。A. patient耐心的；B. careful小心的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“Fortunately these days we laugh because Adrian is even faster than I am.”可知，丈夫在游泳方面取得了很大的进步，这也让他对作者的指导更加耐心。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：作为回应，我不再说:“你走错了路！”，这让他感觉很糟糕。A. in fact事实上；B. in brief简言之；C. in turn轮流；D. in return作为回应。根据下文“no longer say, “You went the wrong way!”, which makes him feel bad.”可知，作者也改变了自己的说话方式，作为对丈夫变得更耐心的一种回应，用更加温和的方式指导丈夫游泳。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，我说，“在这里”，他点点头，然后游回我身边。A. looks看；B. nods点头；C. bows鞠躬；D. shouts大喊。根据下文“and then swims back toward me.”可知，丈夫听到了作者的话，并且按照作者的指示游了回来，说明他点头表示明白了作者的意思。故选B。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese acrobatic (杂技) dates back to the Neolithic, when ancient people developed it from daily life for enjoyment and celebration. The use of daily items such as tables, chairs, bowls and plates ____36____ (be) common in their performances. By the time of the Han Dynasty, the art of acrobatics ____37____ (achieve) great progress in both content and variety. There were wonderful acrobatic performances ____38____ background music on the stage. During the Tang Dynasty, the number of acrobats greatly increased and their skills improved a great deal. ____39____ (regard) as part of the national heritage, Chinese acrobatics features the ability ____40____ (maintain) balance in performance movements. For example, ____41____ experienced acrobat can walk on 3-meter-high poles while juggling 7 bowls. Acrobats can act like fish swimming ____42____ (smooth) in the water, birds flying through trees and butterflies dancing among flowers, showcasing wonderful skills ____43____ require years of hard training. And the performances reflect humans’spirit of braving hardships and dangers while seeking ____44____ (perfect). Modern Chinese acrobatics has set up a designing and directing system. It is aimed at creating beautiful stage images and _____45_____ (harmony) effects of music, clothing, props, and lighting to bring about a fully developed stage art. 【答案】36. was 37. had achieved 38. with 39. Regarded 40. to maintain 41. an 42. smoothly 43. that##which 44. perfection 45. harmonious 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国杂技艺术的历史、特点和发展。从新石器时代的起源，到汉朝和唐朝的发展，再到现代杂技的创新和完善。 【36题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在他们的表演中，使用桌子、椅子、碗和盘子等日常用品是很常见的。根据前文“when ancient people developed it from daily life for enjoyment and celebration”和句意可知，句子使用一般过去时，主语为The use，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：到了汉代，杂技艺术在内容和种类上都取得了很大的进步。根据时间状语“By the time of the Han Dynasty”可知，句子表示的是在过去的某个时间前发生的动作，谓语动词使用过去完成时。故填had achieved。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：舞台上有精彩的杂技表演和背景音乐。此处在句子中做伴随状语，表示“有”，使用介词with。故填with。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国杂技被视为国家遗产的一部分，其特点是在表演动作中保持平衡的能力。regard与Chinese acrobatics是逻辑动宾关系，使用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Regarded。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处修饰名词ability，使用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to maintain。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：例如，一个有经验的杂技演员可以在 3 米高的杆子上行走，同时杂耍7个碗。此处泛指“一个有经验的杂技演员”，应使用不定冠词，experienced是以元音音素开头的词，应使用an。故填an。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：杂技演员可以像鱼在水中平稳地游动，像鸟在树林中飞翔，像蝴蝶在花丛中翩翩起舞，展示出需要多年艰苦训练的精彩技艺。此处修饰动词swimming，应使用副词作状语。故填smoothly。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是skills，指物，从句中缺少主语，应使用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些表演体现了人类在追求完美过程中不畏艰难险阻的精神。此处作seek的宾语，应使用名词，抽象概念，不可数。故填perfection。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它旨在创造美丽的舞台形象和和谐的音乐、服装、道具和灯光效果，以带来充分发展的舞台艺术。此处与beautiful并列，修饰名词effects，应使用形容词。故填harmonious。 第三部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，得知你校的新西兰交换生David打算学习中国传统乐器二胡，但又担心会影响自己其他课程的学习。请给他写封邮件，内容包括： 1.表示支持； 2.给出建议； 3.表达愿望。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear David, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, I’m thrilled to hear that you want to learn the erhu, a traditional Chinese instrument. I fully support your decision. Learning the erhu not only enriches your cultural experience but also enhances your musical skills. To balance your time, I suggest you create a schedule that allows adequate practice without compromising your academic work. You could also join a club or find a tutor who can help you learn more effectively. I hope you enjoy learning the erhu and it brings you closer to Chinese culture. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一封建议信，要求考生给新西兰交换生 David 写一封邮件，就他打算学习中国传统乐器二胡表示支持，并给出一些建议，最后表达愿望。 【详解】词汇积累 支持：support → in favor of 建议：suggest→ advise 足够的：adequate→enough 帮助：help→assist 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：I fully support your decision. 拓展句：I firmly stand by your decision. 【点睛】[高分句型 1] I’m thrilled to hear that you want to learn the erhu, a traditional Chinese instrument. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型 2] To balance your time, I suggest you create a schedule that allows adequate practice without compromising your academic work. (运用了不定式作目的状语和以schedule 为先行词、关系代词that引导的定语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 The man was kind of small, but to a five-year-old, he was a giant. Cherry-scented smoke from Grandpa’s pipe kept the hungry mosquitoes at bay. Now and again, he blew a smoke ring and laughed as I tried to target the hole with my finger. We sat side by side on the old wooden stairs that hot summer evening, watching the traffic, counting cars and trying to guess the color of the next one to turn the corner. We watched the sun go down behind the old Texaco service station across the busy street, which I was never allowed to cross unless accompanied by an adult. My grandfather was baby-sitting while my mother, father and grandmother went out. While my two baby brothers slept inside the house, my three older siblings (兄弟姐妹) played with friends around the corner, where I was not allowed to go. I stayed with Grandpa, and that was okay with me. “Thirsty?” Grandpa asked, never removing the pipe from his mouth. “Yes,” was my reply. “How would you like to run over to the gas station there and get yourself a bottle of Coke?” I couldn’t believe my ears. On my family’s modest income, Coke was not a part of our budget or diet. “Okay,” I replied shyly, already wondering how I would get across the street. He stretched his long leg out straight and reached his huge hand deep into the pocket. Opening his fist, he exposed several silver coins. He instructed me to pick out one. After he deposited the rest of the change back into his pocket, he stood up. “Okay,” he said, helping me down the stairs and to the curb (马路沿儿). “I’m going to stay here and keep an ear out for the babies. I’ll tell you when it’s safe to cross. You go over to the Coke machine, get your Coke out and come back. Wait for me to tell you when it’s safe to cross back.” My heart pounded. Excitement took my breath away. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Grandpa held my hand tightly. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ My heart pounded wildly as I approached the Coke machine. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Grandpa held my hand tightly. We stepped off the curb and not until he confirmed I was safe to cross did he let go of my hand. “Go for it.” Grandpa said, patting me on the shoulder gently. On hearing that, I dashed out, overwhelmed with joy. I ran faster than ever before, my coin held tightly in my sweaty palm. The street seemed wide. I was wondering if I would make it when I arrived at the other side. Turning around, I saw my Grandpa. There he was, standing exactly where I had left him, I waved to my Grandpa proudly. My heart pounded more wildly as I approached the Coke machine. I couldn’t wait to walk directly to it and fed the coin. I had dreamed about this moment many times. The big old monster greedily swallowed my coin. Reaching up on tiptoes, I grabbed one. Coke in hand, I proudly marched back. Grandpa was waiting patiently, his face spreading in a satisfied smile. Looking around, he yelled, “Come on, now.” I moved swiftly across the street and threw myself into his arms. What a thrilling experience! Years later, whenever think of my Grandpa, his love and warmth is still like a road to accompany me through my life. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索。讲述了作者小时候的故事，父母外出时祖父照看5岁的作者，家里有兄弟姊妹，并不富裕，祖父给作者钱让他去买了梦寐以求的一瓶可乐的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句“祖父紧紧地抓着我的手”和第二段首句“当我走近可乐贩卖机时，我的心狂跳不止。”可知，第一段描写作者穿过马路去买可乐的过程。 ②由第二段首句“当我走近可乐贩卖机时，我的心狂跳不止。”可知，第二段描写买了可乐穿过马路回家的过程以及作者对祖父的回忆。 3.续写线索 穿过马路去买可乐——购买可乐——穿过马路返回——怀念祖父 4.词汇激活 ①行为类 放开：let go of/release/let loose 冲出去：dash out/rush out 成功：make it/succeed ②情感类 温和地：gently/kindly/mildly 欣喜若狂：overwhelmed with joy/on cloud nine/jump out of one’s skin 自豪地：proudly/with pride 【点睛】【高分句型1】We stepped off the curb and not until he confirmed I was safe to cross did he let go of my hand.（运用了部分倒装句） 【高分句型2】There he was, standing exactly where I had left him, I waved to my Grandpa proudly.（运用了现在分词作状语和where引导的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$