精品解析：湖北省鄂东南省级示范高中联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期期中联考英语试卷

2024年春季鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校期中联考 高二英语试卷 试卷满分： 150分 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18! C. £ 9.15. 答案是C。 1 Why will the boy get home late? A. He did his homework at John's house. B. He played football with his friends. C. He is being caught in the traffic. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. Weekend activities. B. Clubs. C. Homework. 3. What is the weather going to be like tomorrow? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 4. What will the man keep? A. The suit. B. The shirt. C. The hat. 5. What will the man do this afternoon? A. Play computer games. B. Play basketball. C. Play tennis. 第二节 （共15小题； 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What did Roberto learn in the Canadian Armed Forces? A. Language. B. Music. C. Cooking. 9. How many years was Roberto in the army? A.5. B.10. C.11. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The hair style. B. The test result. C. The part-time job. 9. How is Andi? A. Delightful. B. Surprised. C. Grateful. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the doctor remind the woman to do? A. Eat meals in time. B. Drink more water. C. Take the medicines. 11、What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Rest at home. B. Have an exam. C. See the doctor again. 12. What's wrong with the woman? A. She couldn't sleep well. B. She had a headache. C. She had a back pain. 听第9段材料， 回答第13至16题。 13. Where did Peter visit the next morning? A. A castle. B. A small beach. C. An island. 14. What did Peter play with his brother? A. Basketball. B. Volleyball. C. Football. 15. Why didn't Peter buy a surfing board? A. Because it's too heavy. B. Because it cost a lot. C. Because he doesn't like it. 16. When did Peter go shopping? A. On the fourth day. B. On the third day. C. On the second day. 听第10段材料. 回答第17至20题。 17. How did the speaker feel when Bettina first arrived? A. She thought Bettina was hard-working. B. She was happy to have Bettina stay. C. She envied Bettina's good looks. 18. Why is Bettina living with the speaker's family in Porchester? A. Her father is in hospital there. B. She is studying there. C. She has a job there. 19. What worries the speaker? A. She can't get along with Bettina. B. Her parents disbelieve her. C. Bettina's dad is badly ill. 20. What do we know about Bettina? A. She works part-time in a cinema. B. She often helps in Jade's house. C. She takes care of her father. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项；（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Four Natural Wonders Poás Volcano Costa Rica Sitting more than 2,707 metres above sea level, Poás Volcano has been active for hundreds of years. Visitors can still get up close and personal with it at the national park where it’s located (with a reservation). Tips: Dress warm and bring an umbrella, as rainfall is common at the top of the mountain due to unpredictable weather conditions. Mount Otemanu Bora Bora Mount Otemanu is the main attraction on Bora Bora, an island first made popular during World War I. The massive mountain, which stands 727 metres above the lagoon of Bora Bora, is now the perfect backdrop for dreamy Tahitian sunsets. A few of the luxury resorts on the island which offer great views of the mountain have become hot spots for honeymooners. Grand Canyon, USA Arizona has no shortage of impressive mountains and sweeping views, but the Grand Canyon is hands down one of the most diverse geological wonders in the state. Visitors have several options to experience the beauty here: adventure seekers can enjoy an aerial view from a helicopter ride through the canyons or go whitewater rafting down the Colourado River. Cappadocia, Turkey You may have seen fascinating photos of colourful hot air balloons against a magical landscape of rugged cliffs, valleys and towers carved into the rocks. It’s hard to believe this place is real but it is and it’s in Cappadocia! For a good position overlooking the landscape of this natural wonder, check out Uchisar Castle or ride during sunrise in a hot air balloon. 1. What will visitors do if they want to see Poás Volcano close by? A. Notice weather changes. B. Take an umbrella. C. Put on warm clothes. D. Book in advance. 2. Where will a newlywed couple likely go? A. Poás Volcano. B. Bora Bora. C. Grand Canyon. D. Cappadocia. 3. Which two places can be viewed from high above? A. Poás Volcano and Mount Otemanu. B. Poás Volcano and Grand Canyon. C. Grand Canyon and Cappadocia. D. Mount Otemanu and Cappadocia. B Grammy Awards don’t only go to the people who produce and perform songs. For just over a decade, they’ve also been given out to those who teach others how to make music. The Music Educator Award, presented by the Recording Academy and Grammy Museum, recognizes those who have made a “significant contribution and demonstrate devotion to music education”. This year it went to Annie Ray, the performing arts department chair and orchestra director at Annandale High School in Fairfax County, Virginia. She was honored for her efforts to make music accessible to all students, particularly those with disabilities. Ray got to attend the awards ceremony in Los Angeles, take selfies with pop stars and bring home both a $10,000 prize and matching grant for her school’s music program. Ray created the Crescendo Orchestra (管弦乐队) for students with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities, as well as a parent orchestra that teaches nearly 200 caregivers a year to play the same instrument as their child. She was inspired in large part by the diversity of the Annandale community, which she says represents over 60 countries, including many immigrants. “There’s a. lot of cultures that might typically clash, and they come together in this very beautiful harmony,” Ray explained. “And that’s really uniquely expressed in the orchestra classroom, where we’re just all music-ing together.” Ray says the Crescendo Orchestra, which was born out of the pandemic, doesn’t necessarily share the social goals of a program like the Special Olympics. The focus is on teaching students how to play an instrument, through one-on-one instruction tailored to their needs. That involves tools like music scarves, egg shakers, rhythm sticks and cardboard instruments. Ray also works with a local charity to give damaged instruments a second life in her classroom. The orchestra is about much more than just making music, however. Ray says the program gives students a chance to develop their collaboration skills, make mistakes and learn the art of refining something. 4. Which of the following is the reason for Annie Ray’s winning a Grammy? A. Her determined effort to make music. B. Her contribution to the high school. C. Her commitment to music education. D. Her excellence in performing songs. 5. What mainly provided inspiration for Ray? A. Her enthusiasm for instructing music. B. The diverse cultures of the community. C. Her burning desire to win a Grammy. D. The severe disabilities of her students. 6. According to Ray, what is the purpose of the Crescendo Orchestra? A. To fix damaged instruments for a local charity. B. To help students to face the pandemic bravely. C. To make students familiar with music devices. D. To give students need-centred music teaching. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A music teacher won a Grammy B. A music teacher changed lives C. A Grammy winner took selfies D. A Grammy ceremony was held C Summer sea ice in the Arctic could melt almost completely by the 2030s — roughly a decade earlier than projected — even if humans cut back drastically on greenhouse gas emissions, new research suggests. An ice-free summer, also called a “blue ocean event”, will happen when the sea ice drops below one million square kilometers, writes Jonathan Bamber, a professor of physical geography at the University of Bristol, in the Conversation. Previous assessments using models have estimated an ice-free summer under high and intermediate emissions scenarios by 2050. But researchers noticed differences between what climate models predicted about what would happen to sea ice and what they’ve actually seen through observations. “The models, on average, underestimate sea ice decline compared with observations,” says Nathan Gillett, an Environment and Climate Change Canada scientist. Now, in a new study published in Nature Communications, Gillett and his teammates changed these models to more closely fit satellite data collected over the past 40 years. Using these adapted models, the researchers projected ice changes under different possible levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Their paper suggests that regardless of the emissions scenario, “we may experience an unprecedented ice-free Arctic climate in the next decade or two.” While sea ice naturally decreases in the summer and refreezes during the winter, summer ice coverage has steadily been declining over the past few decades because of climate change. And Arctic ice melting happens faster itself — as ice disappears, it exposes more of the dark blue ocean, which absorbs more heat and leads to more melting. This process has led to the region warming nearly four times faster than the rest of the globe since 1979. Sea ice decline could have disastrous consequences that extend to the rest of the planet, including sea level rise and disturbance to weather patterns and ecosystems. Animals like polar bears and seals that rely on Arctic ice to survive could be placed at risk. 8. According to the new research, what will happen concerning summer sea ice in the Arctic? A. Its complete melting may occur earlier than expected. B. Its vanishing once and for all will be in less than 10 years. C. Its dropping will give rise to so-called “blue ocean event”. D. Its melting can be prevented in greenhouse gas emissions. 9 What effort did the researchers make after figuring out the problem of the previous assessments? A. They abandoned the attempt to use models. B. They collected satellite data over the past 40 years. C. They adapted the models to be consistent with the actual cases. D. They predicted accurately ice changes in regions of the Arctic. 10. How is the last paragraph but one developed? A. By listing statistics. B. By giving definitions. C. By making a comparison. D. By analyzing cause and effect. 11. What message may the text be trying to convey to readers? A. Pride comes before a fall. B. Man proposes, god disposes. C. A good beginning is half done. D. If the lips are gone, the teeth will be cold. D A simple sponge (海绵) has improved how robots grasp, scientists from the University of Bristol have found. This easy-to-make device can help stiff robots handle delicate items carefully by mimicking the touch, or variable stiffness, of a human. Robots can skip and jump, but they’re too rigid to hold an egg easily. Variable-stiffness devices are potential solutions for reducing damage to hard robots, or for improving the load capacity of soft robots. This study, published at the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2023, shows that variable stiffness can be achieved by a silicone (硅胶) sponge. Lead author Tianqi Yue from the University of Bristol explained, “obotic arms are too rigid (僵硬的) so they cannot make such a soft human-like grasp on delicate objects, for example, an egg. What makes humans different from robotic arms is that we have soft tissues enclosing rigid bones, which act as a natural mitigating (缓和的) mechanism. In this paper, we managed to develop a soft device with variable stiffness, to be mounted on the end of a robotic arm to make the robot-object contact safe.” Silicone sponge is just like the cleaning sponge used in everyday tasks. By pressing the sponge, the sponge stiffens, which is why it can be transformed into a variable-stiffness device. This device could be used in industrial robots and service robots to make human-robot interaction safer. Mr Yue added, “We managed to use a sponge to make a cheap but effective device that can help robots achieve soft contact with objects. The great potential comes from its low cost and light weight. We believe this silicone-sponge based variable-stiffness device will provide a novel so lution in industry and healthcare.” The team will now look at making the device achieve variable stiffness in multiple directions 12. What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Stimulating. B. Imitating. C. Restoring. D. Demonstrating. 13. Which of the following robots can be dealt with by a variable-stiffness device? A. Robots that are unable to grasp objects. B. Robots that are too rigid to skip and jump. C. Robots that are incapable of getting around. D. Robots that lack the capacity to grasp fragile stuff. 14. Why is silicone sponge selected to be an ideal solution? A. It has natural soft tissues. B. It is inexpensive and lightweight. C. It can help robots achieve contact with objects. D. It can function as a cleaning instrument once pressed. 15. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To persuade. B. To entertain. C. To educate. D. To inform. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tai chi is a wellness practice that combines slow, gentle movements and postures with mindfulness. ____16____. As a traditional, slow-moving form of Chinese martial art, tai chi is known to increase flexibility and improve balance. Now, new research suggests it’s better than more vigorous aerobic exercises for lowering blood pressure in people with prehypertension (高血压前期) . In the study, researchers in China randomly assigned 342 adults with prehypertension to one of two interventions. Roughly half the people participated in aerobic exercise, including jogging, climbing stairs and cycling. ____17____ Both groups got hourlong sessions four times a week. After 12 months, those in the tai chi group saw bigger drops in their blood pressure than those in the aerobic exercise group. What’s more, nearly 22% of the people who practiced tai chi saw their blood pressure fall to within normal range. ____18____ And fewer patients in the tai chi group went on to develop high blood pressure. ____19____ The practice tends to elicit (引起) more of a response from the parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统) that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger, says Rut h Taylor-Piliae, a professor at the University of Arizona’s College of Nursing. Tai chi is appealing as a form of exercise because it is low impact and requires little space or equipment. “I think the beauty of tai chi is that you don’t have to have a special gym membership or special clohing, “ Taylor-Piliae says. “Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime, anyplace, anywhere. ____20____” A. It can help reduce anxiety. B. The other half was trained to practice tai chi. C. It’s often called meditation (冥想) in motion. D. So why does tai chi gain in popularity among people? E. So what is it about tai chi that helps lower blood pressure? F. By contrast, that number was 16% in the aerobic exercise group. G. But you have to practice it consistently to gain the most benefit. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 I was on holiday in the Dominican Republic ____21____ the hotel offered me a trial scuba dive (水肺潜水). It was something I’d always ____22____, so I gave it a go. The first session was extremely short but ____23____, it was enough time to familiarize the equipment. After ____24____ it, I was alarmed at suddenly being in ____25____ of what we can’t ____26____ without — air. But actually, it’s no different from driving a car. You have an air gauge (气压表) for your tank, which you watch ____27____ it were the fuel supply. That session was ____28____ by a dive in the sea. I was taken ten meters down and, despite being followed by a guide, I had the greatest feeling of ____29____ in this completely silent world. I knew then that I wanted to take up this new hobby seriously. So after flying back to England, I started a Diving Skills ____30____. A ____31____ came four months later when I did an open water dive at a place called Grangewaters. When I went in, it was full of black mud, so I couldn’t see anything. By then I had done all the theory, I ____32____ and found my way out finally. Now, I ____33____ scuba diving at a top dive center. It’s so ____34____, especially when you meet someone who has done their first dive — they have discovered an exciting new world without ____35____, a world I love so much. 21. A. until B. unless C. before D. when 22. A. ignore B. desire C. analyze D. tolerate 23. A. intentionally B. unfortunately C. surprisingly D. desperately 24. A. putting on B. taking off C. picking up D. taking apart 25. A. charge B. favor C. memory D. search 26. A. react B. survive C. faint D. escape 27. A. as if B. even though C. now that D. given that 28. A. disturbed B. instructed C. followed D. defined 29. A. grief B. freedom C. panic D. joy 30. A. experiment B. course C. presentation D. game 31. A. signal B. failure C. passion D. shock 32. A. calmed down B. looked up C. ran off D. rolled over 33. A. skip B. restrict C. await D. teach 34. A. skilful B. specific C. satisfying D. awkward 35. A. diving B. cars C. mud D. boundaries 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Jia Xiu Lou When it comes to Guiyang, everyone agrees that the symbol is Jia Xiu Lou. This historic building ____36____ (build) for the very first time in the Ming Dynasty, was destroyed, renamed and rebuilt as well in the following years. However, this historic building, whose beauty remains in the past but has lasted up to now is not just a pavilion (亭子) itself, but ____37____ admirable standard of the visual representation of the concept of elegance. Jia Xiu Lou has many special features though there is something ____38____ is the place’s soul. If you consider ____39____ (you) a sensitive person, you will be able to feel that. Every building, every place, every piece of art, and every culture expression has a soul. They are strong witnesses ____40____ China’s history and culture. Each of them has some feature, however small, which ____41____ (make) it unique. Inner beauty can last more than a lifetime. Two quotes spring to mind which reflect what I feel when ____42____ (visit) such an impressive place: “Everything has beauty, ____43____ not everyone can see it.” “Though we travel the world over to find the beautiful, we must carry it with us or we find it not.” Finally, just let me say that the more you open your eyes, the more ____44____ (discovery) you will find. They will bring you ____45____ (close) to the soul of things if you discover more when exploring Jia Xiu Lou. 第四部分：写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是红星中学的李华，为了缓解学生的压力和鼓舞学生的斗志，你校高二年级上周六举行了一个师生拔河比赛，你跟你新西兰的笔友Lucy写了一封邮件，分享了这次拔河比赛。 具体要点如下： 1.比赛的时间地点； 2.比赛的过程； 3.比赛的反响。 注意： 1. 词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：拔河比赛 a tug-of-war competition Dear Lucy, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kids with cerebral palsy (脑瘫) join race. Thanks to the efforts of some high school student athletes, who helped the physically challenged, the smiles on the faces of 9-year-old Lucas Myrick and 8-year-old Elsa Dent were a little bit brighter. Lucas and Elsa had cerebral palsy (脑瘫), a condition that limited their physical ability, and couldn’t walk as fast as their peers who were free to walk everywhere. However, they had bright spirits and always held positive attitudes towards adversity and life in all aspects. Impressively, they participated in the Park Lane Elementary School’s annual Fun Run. They wanted to demonstrate that they could participate in the race as the normal kids at school. They were convinced that they could fight prejudice against the disabled in their own way. When Lucas’ mother, Janell, mentioned their passion for the Fun Run to the athletic director of the school, he was more thanr delighted to assist them in taking part. At last, two members of the high school team showed up to push Lucas in his wheelchair. It was not just the football team that turned up to support the event. Members of the high school cross-country team (越野队) joined in the activity aimed to build up the strength physically and cultivate perseverance in face of difficulties mentally. They ran alongside Elsa who participated in the Fun Run using her walker. The run was about 1.07 miles. But the athletes did much more than simply pushed Lucas in the Fun Run-they formed an emotional bond with him and even came up with a team name. “The team is called the wheelies!” Lucas said with a satisfied smile on his face. The players pushed Lucas at a steady pace and at the last part of the course, Lucas got out of his wheelchair to give running with his new friends a try. “I was beating one of them on my legs,” Lucas yelled at the top of his voice excitedly. “I was running ahead of him. he couldn’t even keep up with me!” Lucas wheeled himself proudly and gave the audience a triumphant (欢欣鼓舞) smile. He waved his hands wildly to cheer Elsa on. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Lucas crossed the finish line, Elsa fell behind although she used her walker (助行器). ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Elsa’s mother cheered her on and asked if she wanted to use her motorized (机动) chair instead of her walker to help her go faster but she declined. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年春季鄂东南省级示范高中教育教学改革联盟学校期中联考 高二英语试卷 试卷满分： 150分 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18! C. £ 9.15. 答案是C。 1 Why will the boy get home late? A. He did his homework at John's house. B. He played football with his friends. C. He is being caught in the traffic. 2 What are the speakers talking about? A. Weekend activities. B. Clubs. C. Homework. 3. What is the weather going to be like tomorrow? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 4. What will the man keep? A. The suit. B. The shirt. C. The hat. 5. What will the man do this afternoon? A. Play computer games. B. Play basketball. C. Play tennis. 第二节 （共15小题； 每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What did Roberto learn in the Canadian Armed Forces? A. Language. B. Music. C. Cooking. 9. How many years was Roberto in the army? A.5. B.10. C.11. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The hair style. B. The test result. C. The part-time job. 9. How is Andi? A. Delightful. B. Surprised. C. Grateful. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the doctor remind the woman to do? A. Eat meals in time. B. Drink more water. C. Take the medicines. 11、What will the woman do tomorrow? A. Rest at home. B. Have an exam. C. See the doctor again. 12. What's wrong with the woman? A. She couldn't sleep well. B. She had a headache. C. She had a back pain. 听第9段材料， 回答第13至16题。 13. Where did Peter visit the next morning? A. A castle. B. A small beach. C. An island. 14. What did Peter play with his brother? A. Basketball. B. Volleyball. C. Football. 15. Why didn't Peter buy a surfing board? A. Because it's too heavy. B. Because it cost a lot. C. Because he doesn't like it. 16. When did Peter go shopping? A. On the fourth day. B. On the third day. C. On the second day. 听第10段材料. 回答第17至20题。 17. How did the speaker feel when Bettina first arrived? A. She thought Bettina was hard-working. B. She was happy to have Bettina stay. C. She envied Bettina's good looks. 18. Why is Bettina living with the speaker's family in Porchester? A. Her father is in hospital there. B. She is studying there. C. She has a job there. 19. What worries the speaker? A. She can't get along with Bettina. B. Her parents disbelieve her. C. Bettina's dad is badly ill. 20. What do we know about Bettina? A. She works part-time in a cinema. B. She often helps in Jade's house. C. She takes care of her father. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分， 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项；（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Four Natural Wonders Poás Volcano, Costa Rica Sitting more than 2,707 metres above sea level, Poás Volcano has been active for hundreds of years. Visitors can still get up close and personal with it at the national park where it’s located (with a reservation). Tips: Dress warm and bring an umbrella, as rainfall is common at the top of the mountain due to unpredictable weather conditions. Mount Otemanu, Bora Bora Mount Otemanu is the main attraction on Bora Bora, an island first made popular during World War I. The massive mountain, which stands 727 metres above the lagoon of Bora Bora, is now the perfect backdrop for dreamy Tahitian sunsets. A few of the luxury resorts on the island which offer great views of the mountain have become hot spots for honeymooners. Grand Canyon, USA Arizona has no shortage of impressive mountains and sweeping views, but the Grand Canyon is hands down one of the most diverse geological wonders in the state. Visitors have several options to experience the beauty here: adventure seekers can enjoy an aerial view from a helicopter ride through the canyons or go whitewater rafting down the Colourado River. Cappadocia, Turkey You may have seen fascinating photos of colourful hot air balloons against a magical landscape of rugged cliffs, valleys and towers carved into the rocks. It’s hard to believe this place is real but it is and it’s in Cappadocia! For a good position overlooking the landscape of this natural wonder, check out Uchisar Castle or ride during sunrise in a hot air balloon. 1. What will visitors do if they want to see Poás Volcano close by? A. Notice weather changes. B. Take an umbrella. C. Put on warm clothes. D. Book in advance. 2. Where will a newlywed couple likely go? A. Poás Volcano. B. Bora Bora. C. Grand Canyon. D. Cappadocia. 3. Which two places can be viewed from high above? A. Poás Volcano and Mount Otemanu. B. Poás Volcano and Grand Canyon. C. Grand Canyon and Cappadocia. D. Mount Otemanu and Cappadocia. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是四大自然奇观的相关情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Poás Volcano, Costa Rica部分的“Visitors can still get up close and personal with it at the national park where it’s located (with a reservation).(游客仍然可以在它所在的国家公园近距离接触它（需要预订）)”可知，如果游客想近距离看Poás火山，他们可以预定。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mount Otemanu, Bora Bora部分的“A few of the luxury resorts on the island which offer great views of the mountain have become hot spots for honeymooners.(岛上的一些豪华度假胜地可以欣赏到美丽的山景，已成为度蜜月的热门地点)”可知，新婚夫妇可能会去Bora Bora。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Grand Canyon, USA部分的“Visitors have several options to experience the beauty here: adventure seekers can enjoy an aerial view from a helicopter ride through the canyons or go whitewater rafting down the Colourado River.(游客有多种选择来体验这里的美景：喜欢冒险的人可以从直升机上俯瞰峡谷，或者在科罗拉多河上泛舟)”和Cappadocia, Turkey部分的“For a good position overlooking the landscape of this natural wonder, check out Uchisar Castle or ride during sunrise in a hot air balloon.(想要一个俯瞰这个自然奇观的好位置，可以看看Uchisar城堡，或者在日出时乘坐热气球)”可知，Grand Canyon和Cappadocia这两个地方都可以从高处俯瞰。故选C。 B Grammy Awards don’t only go to the people who produce and perform songs. For just over a decade, they’ve also been given out to those who teach others how to make music. The Music Educator Award, presented by the Recording Academy and Grammy Museum, recognizes those who have made a “significant contribution and demonstrate devotion to music education”. This year it went to Annie Ray, the performing arts department chair and orchestra director at Annandale High School in Fairfax County, Virginia. She was honored for her efforts to make music accessible to all students, particularly those with disabilities. Ray got to attend the awards ceremony in Los Angeles, take selfies with pop stars and bring home both a $10,000 prize and matching grant for her school’s music program. Ray created the Crescendo Orchestra (管弦乐队) for students with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities, as well as a parent orchestra that teaches nearly 200 caregivers a year to play the same instrument as their child. She was inspired in large part by the diversity of the Annandale community, which she says represents over 60 countries, including many immigrants. “There’s a. lot of cultures that might typically clash, and they come together in this very beautiful harmony,” Ray explained. “And that’s really uniquely expressed in the orchestra classroom, where we’re just all music-ing together.” Ray says the Crescendo Orchestra, which was born out of the pandemic, doesn’t necessarily share the social goals of a program like the Special Olympics. The focus is on teaching students how to play an instrument, through one-on-one instruction tailored to their needs. That involves tools like music scarves, egg shakers, rhythm sticks and cardboard instruments. Ray also works with a local charity to give damaged instruments a second life in her classroom. The orchestra is about much more than just making music, however. Ray says the program gives students a chance to develop their collaboration skills, make mistakes and learn the art of refining something. 4. Which of the following is the reason for Annie Ray’s winning a Grammy? A. Her determined effort to make music. B. Her contribution to the high school. C. Her commitment to music education. D. Her excellence in performing songs. 5. What mainly provided inspiration for Ray? A. Her enthusiasm for instructing music. B. The diverse cultures of the community. C. Her burning desire to win a Grammy. D. The severe disabilities of her students. 6. According to Ray, what is the purpose of the Crescendo Orchestra? A. To fix damaged instruments for a local charity. B. To help students to face the pandemic bravely. C. To make students familiar with music devices. D. To give students need-centred music teaching. 7. What is a suitable title for the text? A. A music teacher won a Grammy B. A music teacher changed lives C. A Grammy winner took selfies D. A Grammy ceremony was held 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。音乐教育家奖由美国唱片学院和格莱美博物馆颁发，旨在表彰那些“对音乐教育做出重大贡献并表现出奉献精神”的人，今年的获奖者是弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯县安纳代尔高中表演艺术系主席兼管弦乐队总监安妮·雷。文章对此进行了详细报道。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The Music Educator Award, presented by the Recording Academy and Grammy Museum, recognizes those who have made a “significant contribution and demonstrate devotion to music education”.(音乐教育家奖由美国唱片学院和格莱美博物馆颁发，旨在表彰那些“对音乐教育做出重大贡献并表现出奉献精神”的人)”和第二段第一句“This year it went to Annie Ray, the performing arts department chair and orchestra director at Annandale High School in Fairfax County, Virginia.(今年的获奖者是弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯县安纳代尔高中表演艺术系主席兼管弦乐队总监安妮·雷)”可知，安妮·雷获得格莱美奖的原因是她对音乐教育的奉献。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“She was inspired in large part by the diversity of the Annandale community, which she says represents over 60 countries, including many immigrants.(她的灵感很大程度上来自安南代尔社区的多样性，她说这个社区代表了60多个国家，其中包括许多移民)”可知，雷的灵感主要来自于社区的文化多样性。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Ray says the Crescendo Orchestra, which was born out of the pandemic, doesn’t necessarily share the social goals of a program like the Special Olympics. The focus is on teaching students how to play an instrument, through one-on-one instruction tailored to their needs.(雷说，在疫情中诞生的渐强交响乐团不一定与特奥会这样的项目有共同的社会目标。重点是教学生如何演奏乐器，通过一对一的指导，量身定制他们的需求)”可知，渐强交响乐团的目的是为学生提供以需求为中心的音乐教学。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Grammy Awards don’t only go to the people who produce and perform songs. For just over a decade, they’ve also been given out to those who teach others how to make music. The Music Educator Award, presented by the Recording Academy and Grammy Museum, recognizes those who have made a “significant contribution and demonstrate devotion to music education”.(格莱美奖不只是颁给那些制作和演唱歌曲的人。十多年来，他们也被授予那些教别人如何制作音乐的人。音乐教育家奖由美国唱片学院和格莱美博物馆颁发，旨在表彰那些“对音乐教育做出重大贡献并表现出奉献精神”的人。)”和第二段第一句“This year it went to Annie Ray, the performing arts department chair and orchestra director at Annandale High School in Fairfax County, Virginia.(今年的获奖者是弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯县安纳代尔高中表演艺术系主席兼管弦乐队总监安妮·雷)”可知，文章主要讲述的是今年一名音乐老师获得了格莱美奖。由此可知，A music teacher won a Grammy适合作本文标题。故选A。 C Summer sea ice in the Arctic could melt almost completely by the 2030s — roughly a decade earlier than projected — even if humans cut back drastically on greenhouse gas emissions, new research suggests. An ice-free summer, also called a “blue ocean event”, will happen when the sea ice drops below one million square kilometers, writes Jonathan Bamber, a professor of physical geography at the University of Bristol, in the Conversation. Previous assessments using models have estimated an ice-free summer under high and intermediate emissions scenarios by 2050. But researchers noticed differences between what climate models predicted about what would happen to sea ice and what they’ve actually seen through observations. “The models, on average, underestimate sea ice decline compared with observations,” says Nathan Gillett, an Environment and Climate Change Canada scientist. Now, in a new study published in Nature Communications, Gillett and his teammates changed these models to more closely fit satellite data collected over the past 40 years. Using these adapted models, the researchers projected ice changes under different possible levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Their paper suggests that regardless of the emissions scenario, “we may experience an unprecedented ice-free Arctic climate in the next decade or two.” While sea ice naturally decreases in the summer and refreezes during the winter, summer ice coverage has steadily been declining over the past few decades because of climate change. And Arctic ice melting happens faster itself — as ice disappears, it exposes more of the dark blue ocean, which absorbs more heat and leads to more melting. This process has led to the region warming nearly four times faster than the rest of the globe since 1979. Sea ice decline could have disastrous consequences that extend to the rest of the planet, including sea level rise and disturbance to weather patterns and ecosystems. Animals like polar bears and seals that rely on Arctic ice to survive could be placed at risk. 8. According to the new research, what will happen concerning summer sea ice in the Arctic? A. Its complete melting may occur earlier than expected. B. Its vanishing once and for all will be in less than 10 years. C. Its dropping will give rise to so-called “blue ocean event”. D. Its melting can be prevented in greenhouse gas emissions. 9. What effort did the researchers make after figuring out the problem of the previous assessments? A. They abandoned the attempt to use models. B. They collected satellite data over the past 40 years. C They adapted the models to be consistent with the actual cases. D. They predicted accurately ice changes in regions of the Arctic. 10. How is the last paragraph but one developed? A. By listing statistics. B. By giving definitions. C. By making a comparison. D. By analyzing cause and effect. 11. What message may the text be trying to convey to readers? A. Pride comes before a fall. B. Man proposes, god disposes. C. A good beginning is half done. D. If the lips are gone, the teeth will be cold. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，即使人类大幅减少温室气体排放，北极夏季海冰也可能在本世纪30年代几乎完全融化，比预计的时间提前了大约10年。文章对此进行了介绍。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Summer sea ice in the Arctic could melt almost completely by the 2030s — roughly a decade earlier than projected — even if humans cut back drastically on greenhouse gas emissions, new research suggests.(一项新的研究表明，即使人类大幅减少温室气体排放，北极夏季海冰也可能在本世纪30年代几乎完全融化，比预计的时间提前了大约10年)”可知，根据这项新的研究，北极夏季海冰的完全融化可能比预期发生得更早。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Now, in a new study published in Nature Communications, Gillett and his teammates changed these models to more closely fit satellite data collected over the past 40 years.(现在，在《自然通讯》上发表的一项新研究中，吉列特和他的队友们改变了这些模型，以更接近过去40年收集的卫星数据)”可知，在找出之前评估的问题后，研究人员对模型进行了调整，使其与实际情况一致。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句“While sea ice naturally decreases in the summer and refreezes during the winter, summer ice coverage has steadily been declining over the past few decades because of climate change.(虽然海冰在夏季自然减少，并在冬季重新冻结，但由于气候变化，夏季冰层覆盖在过去几十年中一直在稳步下降)”可知，第一句分析夏季冰层一直下降的原因，根据第二句到最后一句“And Arctic ice melting happens faster itself — as ice disappears, it exposes more of the dark blue ocean, which absorbs more heat and leads to more melting. This process has led to the region warming nearly four times faster than the rest of the globe since 1979.(而且北极冰融化的速度也更快——随着冰的消失，更多的深蓝色海洋暴露出来，吸收更多的热量，导致更多的融化。自1979年以来，这一过程导致该地区的变暖速度几乎是全球其他地区的四倍)”可知，第二段到最后一句分析北极冰融化速度加快带来的影响——加速变暖，导致更多的融化。由此推知，倒第二段是通过分析原因和影响来展开的。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sea ice decline could have disastrous consequences that extend to the rest of the planet, including sea level rise and disturbance to weather patterns and ecosystems. Animals like polar bears and seals that rely on Arctic ice to survive could be placed at risk.(海冰的减少可能会对地球的其他地区造成灾难性的后果，包括海平面上升和对天气模式和生态系统的干扰。北极熊和海豹等依赖北极冰层生存的动物可能会处于危险之中)”可推知，文章想要告诉读者冰的减少可能会对地球的其他地区造成灾难性的后果，唇亡齿寒。故选D。 D A simple sponge (海绵) has improved how robots grasp, scientists from the University of Bristol have found. This easy-to-make device can help stiff robots handle delicate items carefully by mimicking the touch, or variable stiffness, of a human. Robots can skip and jump, but they’re too rigid to hold an egg easily. Variable-stiffness devices are potential solutions for reducing damage to hard robots, or for improving the load capacity of soft robots. This study, published at the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2023, shows that variable stiffness can be achieved by a silicone (硅胶) sponge. Lead author Tianqi Yue from the University of Bristol explained, “obotic arms are too rigid (僵硬的) so they cannot make such a soft human-like grasp on delicate objects, for example, an egg. What makes humans different from robotic arms is that we have soft tissues enclosing rigid bones, which act as a natural mitigating (缓和的) mechanism. In this paper, we managed to develop a soft device with variable stiffness, to be mounted on the end of a robotic arm to make the robot-object contact safe.” Silicone sponge is just like the cleaning sponge used in everyday tasks. By pressing the sponge, the sponge stiffens, which is why it can be transformed into a variable-stiffness device. This device could be used in industrial robots and service robots to make human-robot interaction safer. Mr Yue added, “We managed to use a sponge to make a cheap but effective device that can help robots achieve soft contact with objects. The great potential comes from its low cost and light weight. We believe this silicone-sponge based variable-stiffness device will provide a novel so lution in industry and healthcare.” The team will now look at making the device achieve variable stiffness in multiple directions. 12. What does the underlined word in paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Stimulating. B. Imitating. C. Restoring. D. Demonstrating. 13. Which of the following robots can be dealt with by a variable-stiffness device? A. Robots that are unable to grasp objects. B. Robots that are too rigid to skip and jump. C. Robots that are incapable of getting around. D. Robots that lack the capacity to grasp fragile stuff. 14. Why is silicone sponge selected to be an ideal solution? A. It has natural soft tissues. B. It is inexpensive and lightweight. C. It can help robots achieve contact with objects. D. It can function as a cleaning instrument once pressed. 15. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To persuade. B. To entertain. C. To educate. D. To inform. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以帮助机器人处理易碎的物品的装置，装置是通过硅胶海绵海绵制作的。介绍了其特点和优势。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“This easy-to-make device can help stiff robots handle delicate items carefully by”以及后文“the touch, or variable stiffness, of a human”可知，这个易于制作的装置可以帮助僵硬的机器人通过模仿人类的触摸或可变刚度来小心地处理易碎的物品。故划线词意思是“模仿”。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Robots can skip and jump, but they’re too rigid to hold an egg easily. Variable-stiffness devices are potential solutions for reducing damage to hard robots, or for improving the load capacity of soft robots.(机器人可以跳来跳去，但它们太僵硬了，不能轻易握住鸡蛋。变刚度装置是减少硬机器人损伤或提高软机器人负载能力的潜在解决方案)”可知，缺乏抓易碎物品能力的机器人可以用变刚度装置来处理。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“We managed to use a sponge to make a cheap but effective device that can help robots achieve soft contact with objects. The great potential comes from its low cost and light weight.(我们设法用海绵制造了一种廉价但有效的设备，可以帮助机器人与物体实现柔软接触。巨大的潜力来自于它的低成本和轻重量)”可知，选择硅胶海绵作为理想的解决方案因为既便宜又轻便。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“A simple sponge (海绵) has improved how robots grasp, scientists from the University of Bristol have found. This easy-to-make device can help stiff robots handle delicate items carefully by mimicking the touch, or variable stiffness, of a human.(布里斯托尔大学的科学家们发现，一块简单的海绵改善了机器人的抓取能力。这个易于制作的装置可以帮助僵硬的机器人通过模仿人类的触摸或可变刚度来小心地处理易碎的物品)”结合文章主要介绍了一种可以帮助机器人处理易碎的物品的装置，装置是通过硅胶海绵海绵制作的。介绍了其特点和优势。可知，文章的目的是告知。故选D。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tai chi is a wellness practice that combines slow, gentle movements and postures with mindfulness. ____16____. As a traditional, slow-moving form of Chinese martial art, tai chi is known to increase flexibility and improve balance. Now, new research suggests it’s better than more vigorous aerobic exercises for lowering blood pressure in people with prehypertension (高血压前期) . In the study, researchers in China randomly assigned 342 adults with prehypertension to one of two interventions. Roughly half the people participated in aerobic exercise, including jogging, climbing stairs and cycling. ____17____ Both groups got hourlong sessions four times a week. After 12 months, those in the tai chi group saw bigger drops in their blood pressure than those in the aerobic exercise group. What’s more, nearly 22% of the people who practiced tai chi saw their blood pressure fall to within normal range. ____18____ And fewer patients in the tai chi group went on to develop high blood pressure. ____19____ The practice tends to elicit (引起) more of a response from the parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统) that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger, says Rut h Taylor-Piliae, a professor at the University of Arizona’s College of Nursing. Tai chi is appealing as a form of exercise because it is low impact and requires little space or equipment. “I think the beauty of tai chi is that you don’t have to have a special gym membership or special clohing, “ Taylor-Piliae says. “Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime, anyplace, anywhere. ____20____” A. It can help reduce anxiety. B. The other half was trained to practice tai chi. C. It’s often called meditation (冥想) in motion. D. So why does tai chi gain in popularity among people? E. So what is it about tai chi that helps lower blood pressure? F. By contrast, that number was 16% in the aerobic exercise group. G. But you have to practice it consistently to gain the most benefit. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. F 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章首先介绍了太极拳的基本特点及其对身心健康的益处，然后通过一项新的研究进一步说明太极拳对降低高血压前期人群血压的积极作用。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Tai chi is a wellness practice that combines slow, gentle movements and postures with mindfulness.(太极拳是一种健康练习，它结合了缓慢、温和的动作和姿势以及正念。)”可知，上文描述了太极拳的特点，即结合了缓慢、轻柔的动作和姿势与专注力。接下来的句子应该是对太极拳这一特点的进一步解释或补充。C项：It’s often called meditation (冥想) in motion.(它通常被称为运动冥想。)符合语境。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据上文“In the study, researchers in China randomly assigned 342 adults with prehypertension to one of two interventions. Roughly half the people participated in aerobic exercise, including jogging, climbing stairs and cycling.(在这项研究中，中国的研究人员随机将342名患有高血压前期的成年人分为两组。大约一半的人参加了有氧运动，包括慢跑、爬楼梯和骑自行车。)”可知，空处指出另一半参加研究的人的干预方式，并且与太极拳有关。B项：The other half was trained to practice tai chi.(另一半被训练去练太极。)符合语境。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文“After 12 months, those in the tai chi group saw bigger drops in their blood pressure than those in the aerobic exercise group. What’s more, nearly 22% of the people who practiced tai chi saw their blood pressure fall to within normal range.(12个月后，太极拳组的血压下降幅度大于有氧运动组。更重要的是，近22%的练太极的人血压降到了正常范围内。)”可知，空处承接上文，指出有氧运动组的结果。F项：By contrast, that number was 16% in the aerobic exercise group.(相比之下，有氧运动组的这个数字是16%。)符合语境。故选F。 【19题详解】 空处是段落主旨句。根据下文“The practice tends to elicit (引起) more of a response from the parasympathetic nervous system (副交感神经系统) that relaxes your body after periods of stress or danger, says Rut h Taylor-Piliae, a professor at the University of Arizona’s College of Nursing.(亚利桑那大学护理学院教授拉特·泰勒-皮利亚说，这种做法往往会引起副交感神经系统的更多反应，在经历了一段时间的压力或危险后，这种反应会放松你的身体。)”可知，本段主要讲述了太极拳如何帮助降低血压。E项：So what is it about tai chi that helps lower blood pressure?(那么，太极拳到底是怎么帮助降低血压的呢？)符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Tai chi is appealing as a form of exercise because it is low impact and requires little space or equipment. “I think the beauty of tai chi is that you don’t have to have a special gym membership or special clohing, “ Taylor-Piliae says. “Once you learn tai chi, you can do it anytime, anyplace, anywhere.(太极拳作为一种运动形式很有吸引力，因为它的冲击力小，需要的空间和设备也很少。泰勒-皮利亚说:“我认为太极拳的美妙之处在于，你不需要有特殊的健身房会员资格或特殊的服装。”“一旦你学会了太极，你就可以在任何时间、任何地点、任何地方练习。)”可知，最后一段强调了太极拳作为锻炼形式的吸引力，提到了其低影响和无需特殊设备或空间的特点。G项：But you have to practice it consistently to gain the most benefit.(但是你必须坚持练习才能获得最大的好处。)是对这一点的补充，强调了持续练习的重要性，符合语境。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 I was on holiday in the Dominican Republic ____21____ the hotel offered me a trial scuba dive (水肺潜水). It was something I’d always ____22____, so I gave it a go. The first session was extremely short but, ____23____, it was enough time to familiarize the equipment. After ____24____ it, I was alarmed at suddenly being in ____25____ of what we can’t ____26____ without — air. But actually, it’s no different from driving a car. You have an air gauge (气压表) for your tank, which you watch ____27____ it were the fuel supply. That session was ____28____ by a dive in the sea. I was taken ten meters down and, despite being followed by a guide, I had the greatest feeling of ____29____ in this completely silent world. I knew then that I wanted to take up this new hobby seriously. So after flying back to England, I started a Diving Skills ____30____. A ____31____ came four months later when I did an open water dive at a place called Grangewaters. When I went in, it was full of black mud, so I couldn’t see anything. By then I had done all the theory, I ____32____ and found my way out finally. Now, I ____33____ scuba diving at a top dive center. It’s so ____34____, especially when you meet someone who has done their first dive — they have discovered an exciting new world without ____35____, a world I love so much. 21. A. until B. unless C. before D. when 22. A. ignore B. desire C. analyze D. tolerate 23. A. intentionally B. unfortunately C. surprisingly D. desperately 24. A. putting on B. taking off C. picking up D. taking apart 25. A. charge B. favor C. memory D. search 26. A. react B. survive C. faint D. escape 27. A. as if B. even though C. now that D. given that 28. A. disturbed B. instructed C. followed D. defined 29. A. grief B. freedom C. panic D. joy 30. A. experiment B. course C. presentation D. game 31. A. signal B. failure C. passion D. shock 32. A. calmed down B. looked up C. ran off D. rolled over 33. A. skip B. restrict C. await D. teach 34. A. skilful B. specific C. satisfying D. awkward 35. A. diving B. cars C. mud D. boundaries 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在多米尼加共和国度假时参加了酒店提供的水肺潜水尝试，从此爱上了潜水，在完成了水肺潜水课程后，在一家顶级潜水中心教水肺潜水，作者对这份工作非常满意。 【21题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我在多米尼加共和国度假时，酒店给我提供了一次水肺潜水尝试。A. until直到；B. unless除非；C. before在……之前；D. when当……时。根据“I was on holiday in the Dominican Republic”和“the hotel offered me a trial scuba dive”可知，此处是指当酒店给“我”提供了一次水肺潜水尝试时。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我一直渴望的，所以我试了一下。A. ignore忽视；B. desire渴望；C. analyze分析；D. tolerate忍受。根据“so I gave it a go”可知，此处是指这是“我”一直渴望的。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：第一节课非常短，但令人惊讶的是，它有足够的时间来熟悉设备。A. intentionally故意地；B. unfortunately不幸地；C. surprisingly令人惊讶的是；D. desperately绝望地。根据“The first session was extremely short but”和“it was enough time to familiarize the equipment”可知，此处是指令人惊讶的是。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：穿上它后，我很吃惊，因为我突然掌管着我们没有就无法生存的东西——空气。A. putting on戴上；B. taking off起飞；C. picking up捡起；D. taking apart拆开。根据前文“it was enough time to familiarize the equipment”可知，此处是指穿上设备后。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：穿上它后，我很吃惊，因为我突然掌管着我们没有就无法生存的东西——空气。A. charge掌管；B. favor帮助；C. memory记忆；D. search搜索。根据“After putting on it”可知，此处是指穿上潜水设备后掌管着空气。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：穿上它后，我很吃惊，因为我突然掌管着我们没有就无法生存的东西——空气。A. react反应；B. survive生存；C. faint衰落；D. escape逃跑。根据air可知，此处是指没有空气就无法生存。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查连接词短语辨析。句意：你的油箱里有一个气表，你看着它，就好像它是燃料供应。A. as if好像；B. even though即使；C. now that既然；D. given that考虑到。根据“it were the fuel supply”可知，此处是指就像开车时的燃气供应。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一节课之后是在海里潜水。A. disturbed打扰；B. instructed指示；C. followed跟随；D. defined定义。根据“by a dive in the sea”可知，此处是指那一节课接下来就是在海里潜水。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被带到十米深的地方，尽管有一个向导跟着我，但在这个完全寂静的世界里，我有一种最大的自由感。A. grief悲伤；B. freedom自由；C. panic恐慌；D. joy快乐。根据“in this completely silent world”和“despite being followed by a guide”可知，此处是指有一种最大的自由感。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以在飞回英国后，我开始学习潜水技能课程。A. experiment试验；B. course课程；C. presentation展示；D. game游戏。根据前文“I knew then that I wanted to take up this new hobby seriously.(那时我就知道我要认真对待这个新的爱好)”可知，此处是指开始学习潜水课程。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：四个月后，当我在一个叫Grangewaters的地方进行开放水域潜水时，震惊来了。A. signal信号；B. failure失败；C. passion激情；D. shock震惊。根据后文“When I went in, it was full of black mud, so I couldn’t see anything.(当我进去的时候，里面全是黑泥，所以我什么也看不见)”和“and found my way out finally(终于找到了出去的路)”可知，此处是指这是一件令人震惊的事情。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：那时我已经做完了所有的理论，我冷静下来，终于找到了我的出路。A. calmed down冷静下来；B. looked up抬头看；C. ran off逃跑；D. rolled over延期支付。根据“and found my way out finally”和“By then I had done all the theory”可知，此处是指“我”冷静下来。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我在一家顶级潜水中心教水肺潜水。A. skip略过；B. restrict限制；C. await等待；D. teach教学。根据“at a top dive center”可知，此处是指教水肺潜水。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是非常令人满意，尤其是当你遇到一个第一次潜水的人——他们发现了一个令人兴奋的没有边界的新世界，一个我非常喜欢的世界。A. skilful娴熟的；B. specific具体的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. awkward令人尴尬的。根据“especially when you meet someone who has done their first dive — they have discovered an exciting new world”可知，此处是指这份工作很令人满意。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是非常令人满意的，尤其是当你遇到一个第一次潜水的人——他们发现了一个令人兴奋的没有边界的新世界，一个我非常喜欢的世界。A. diving潜水；B. cars汽车；C. mud泥；D. boundaries边界。根据前文“I had the greatest feeling of freedom in this completely silent world”可知，此处是指没有边界的新世界。故选D。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Jia Xiu Lou When it comes to Guiyang, everyone agrees that the symbol is Jia Xiu Lou. This historic building ____36____ (build) for the very first time in the Ming Dynasty, was destroyed, renamed and rebuilt as well in the following years. However, this historic building, whose beauty remains in the past but has lasted up to now is not just a pavilion (亭子) itself, but ____37____ admirable standard of the visual representation of the concept of elegance. Jia Xiu Lou has many special features though there is something ____38____ is the place’s soul. If you consider ____39____ (you) a sensitive person, you will be able to feel that. Every building, every place, every piece of art, and every culture expression has a soul. They are strong witnesses ____40____ China’s history and culture. Each of them has some feature, however small, which ____41____ (make) it unique. Inner beauty can last more than a lifetime. Two quotes spring to mind which reflect what I feel when ____42____ (visit) such an impressive place: “Everything has beauty, ____43____ not everyone can see it.” “Though we travel the world over to find the beautiful, we must carry it with us or we find it not.” Finally, just let me say that the more you open your eyes, the more ____44____ (discovery) you will find. They will bring you ____45____ (close) to the soul of things if you discover more when exploring Jia Xiu Lou. 【答案】36. built 37. an 38. that 39. yourself 40. to 41. makes 42. visiting 43. but 44. discoveries 45. closer 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。甲秀楼是贵阳的标志性建筑，文章对这座历史悠久的建筑进行了详细介绍。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这座历史悠久的建筑建于明朝，在随后的几年里被摧毁，重新命名并重建。动词build与building之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填built。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然而，这座历史建筑，它的美丽保留在过去，并持续到现在，不仅仅是一个亭子本身，而是一个令人钦佩的优雅概念的视觉体现的标准。standard意为“标准”，为可数名词，此处admirable standard为第一次出现，应用不定冠词表示泛指。admirable的开头发音为元音，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：贾秀楼有很多特色，但有一些东西是这个地方的灵魂。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词something为不定代词，应用关系代词that。故填that。 【39题详解】 考查代词。句意：如果你认为自己是一个敏感的人，你就能感觉到这一点。此处宾语和主语指代相同，应用反身代词作宾语，此处主语you意为“你”，反身代词应用yourself。故填yourself。 40题详解】 考查介词。句意：它们是中国历史和文化的有力见证。witnesses to意为“……的见证”，此处应用介词to。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：每一个都有某个特点，不管多小，这使得它独一无二。根据“Each of them has some feature”可知，此处应用一般现在时。定语从句中which代指句子，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。动词make意为“使得”。故填makes。 42题详解】 考查现在分词和状语从句的省略。句意：当我参观这样一个令人印象深刻的地方时，有两句话映入我的脑海：“虽有嘉肴，弗食不知其旨。”在when引导的时间状语从句中，主语和主句相同，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词。动词visit意为“参观”，和主语构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填visiting。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：当我参观这样一个令人印象深刻的地方时，有两句话映入我的脑海：“虽有嘉肴，弗食不知其旨。”“not everyone can see it”和“Everything has beauty”构成转折关系，且空格后没有逗号，所以应用转折词but表示“但是”。故填but。 【44题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：最后，我只想说，视野越开阔，越容易发现更多美好的事物。discovery意为“发现”，为可数名词，在more后应用复数形式。故填discoveries。 【45题详解】 考查比较级。句意：在甲秀楼的探索中，如果你发现的更多，它们会让你更接近事物的灵魂。根据“if you discover more”可知，此处是指让你更接近事物的灵魂，应用形容词比较级closer表示“更接近的”作宾语补足语。故填closer。 第四部分：写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是红星中学的李华，为了缓解学生的压力和鼓舞学生的斗志，你校高二年级上周六举行了一个师生拔河比赛，你跟你新西兰的笔友Lucy写了一封邮件，分享了这次拔河比赛。 具体要点如下： 1.比赛的时间地点； 2.比赛的过程； 3.比赛的反响。 注意： 1. 词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：拔河比赛 a tug-of-war competition Dear Lucy, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Lucy, How is everything going these days? I hope this email finds you well. I can’t wait to share with you an exciting tug-of-war competition between teachers and students. In order to relieve our stress and boost our motivation, a tug-of-war competition was held on the playground in our school last Saturday, which attracted the participation of over 20 teams from different classes. Each team was composed of eight players. They all showed dedication to their teams. The competition went smoothly, where everyone showed strong physical strength and perseverance. The competition turned out to be a great success. Not only did it promote a better understanding of cooperation and teamwork, but it also enriched our lives, thus relieving anxiety and reducing stress. Looking forward to hearing about your school’s tug-of-war competition. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给新西兰的笔友Lucy写一封邮件，分享了学校高二年级上周六举行的一次师生拔河比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 令人兴奋的：exciting→thrilling 为了做某事：in order to do→intended to do 增强：boost→enhance 由……组成：be composed of→be made up of 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Each team was composed of eight players. They all showed dedication to their teams. 拓展句：Each team was composed of eight players, who all showed dedication to their teams. 【点睛】[高分句型1] In order to relieve our stress and boost our motivation, a tug-of-war competition was held on the playground in our school last Saturday, which attracted the participation of over 20 teams from different classes. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Not only did it promote a better understanding of cooperation and teamwork, but it also enriched our lives, thus relieving anxiety and reducing stress. (运用了部分倒装句式和现在分词作状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Kids with cerebral palsy (脑瘫) join race. Thanks to the efforts of some high school student athletes, who helped the physically challenged, the smiles on the faces of 9-year-old Lucas Myrick and 8-year-old Elsa Dent were a little bit brighter. Lucas and Elsa had cerebral palsy (脑瘫), a condition that limited their physical ability, and couldn’t walk as fast as their peers who were free to walk everywhere. However, they had bright spirits and always held positive attitudes towards adversity and life in all aspects. Impressively, they participated in the Park Lane Elementary School’s annual Fun Run. They wanted to demonstrate that they could participate in the race as the normal kids at school. They were convinced that they could fight prejudice against the disabled in their own way. When Lucas’ mother, Janell, mentioned their passion for the Fun Run to the athletic director of the school, he was more thanr delighted to assist them in taking part. At last, two members of the high school team showed up to push Lucas in his wheelchair. It was not just the football team that turned up to support the event. Members of the high school cross-country team (越野队) joined in the activity aimed to build up the strength physically and cultivate perseverance in face of difficulties mentally. They ran alongside Elsa who participated in the Fun Run using her walker. The run was about 1.07 miles. But the athletes did much more than simply pushed Lucas in the Fun Run-they formed an emotional bond with him and even came up with a team name. “The team is called the wheelies!” Lucas said with a satisfied smile on his face. The players pushed Lucas at a steady pace and at the last part of the course, Lucas got out of his wheelchair to give running with his new friends a try. “I was beating one of them on my legs,” Lucas yelled at the top of his voice excitedly. “I was running ahead of him. he couldn’t even keep up with me!” Lucas wheeled himself proudly and gave the audience a triumphant (欢欣鼓舞) smile. He waved his hands wildly to cheer Elsa on. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Lucas crossed the finish line, Elsa fell behind although she used her walker (助行器). ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Elsa’s mother cheered her on and asked if she wanted to use her motorized (机动) chair instead of her walker to help her go faster but she declined. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When Lucas crossed the finish line, Elsa fell behind although she used her walker. The high school athletes encouraged her, cheering loudly and running alongside her to keep her motivated. The crowd erupted in applause, chanting her name. Despite the challenge, Elsa’s determination was unwavering. Her eyes sparkled with determination as she pushed forward, step by step. She knew she was not alone, and that gave her strength. Lucas, now at the finish line, turned around and shouted words of encouragement, his triumphant smile inspiring her to keep going. Elsa’s mother cheered her on and asked if she wanted to use her motorized chair instead of her walker to help her go faster but she declined. Elsa was determined to finish the race on her own terms. She took a deep breath and continued, her steps growing steadier with each cheer from the crowd. Finally, as she crossed the finish line, the crowd’s cheers reached a crescendo. Elsa’s face lit up with pride and accomplishment. Lucas wheeled over to her, and together they celebrated their incredible achievement, showing everyone that determination and spirit can overcome any obstacle. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了卢卡斯和艾尔莎患有脑瘫，但他们积极面对生活，参加了学校的趣味跑。高中运动员们得知后，主动帮助他们参赛。两名足球运动员推着卢卡斯参加，越野队成员则陪伴艾尔莎。运动员们不仅推着卢卡斯跑，还与他建立了深厚的情感，并组成了一个名为“小轮队”的团队。卢卡斯甚至尝试自己跑步，展现了他的勇气和决心。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当卢卡斯冲过终点线时，艾尔莎虽然使用助行器，但还是落在了后面。”可知，第一段可描写人群为艾尔莎加油，到达终点的卢卡斯也转过身来为她鼓劲。 ②由第二段首句内容“艾尔莎的妈妈为她加油，问她是否想用电动轮椅代替助行器来帮助她走得更快，但她拒绝了”可知，第二段可描写艾尔莎拒绝了妈妈的建议并顺利冲过终点，证明决心和精神可以克服任何障碍。 2.续写线索：卢卡斯冲过终点——艾尔莎一步一步继续向前——拒绝使用电动轮椅——艾尔莎冲过终点线——展示了决心和精神 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①爆发出掌声：erupt in applause/burst into applause ②叫喊：shout/cry/yell ③拒绝：decline/refuse 情绪类 ①决心：determination/resolution ②胜利的微笑：triumphant smile/smile of victory 【点睛】[高分句型1] The crowd erupted in applause, chanting her name.(运用了现在分词短语作伴随状语) [高分句型2] Elsa’s mother cheered her on and asked if she wanted to use her motorized chair instead of her walker to help her go faster but she declined.(运用了if引导宾语从句) [高分句型3] Finally, as she crossed the finish line, the crowd’s cheers reached a crescendo.(运用了as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$