精品解析：辽宁省沈阳市浑南区东北育才学校2023-2024学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题

2023—2024 学年度下学期 东北育才超常教育实验部 少儿35班 英语学科 阶段检测二 考试时间： 120分钟 试卷满分： 150分 卷Ⅰ 听力部分(本大题共20小题，共30分) 听下面五段对话，回答第1-5题。 1.What will the woman do? A. Wipe the table. B. Wash the dishes. C. Clean the floor. 2.How often are the meetings held? A. Once a day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month. 3.What does the man mean? A. He is going blind. B. He likes darkness. C. He canˈt bear the strong light. 4.Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a mountain. B. In a gym. C. At the speakersˈ home. 5.What did the man think of the garden? A. It was beautiful. B. It was crowded. C. It was inspiring. 听下面一段对话，回答第6，7题。 6.How will the woman give the lucky money to William? A. By WeChat Pay. B. By bank transfer. C. In cash. 7.What will William probably do during the holiday? A. Attend classes. B. Join his family for dinner. C. Travel to his grandparentsˈ house. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。 8Why does the woman think young people prefer public transportation? A. Decrease in income. B. Difficulty of parking. C. Convenience of public transportation. 9.Why does the woman like cars? A. They run fast. B. They are cheap. C. They can go anywhere. 10.When did the man get rid of his vehicle? A. A year ago. B. Half a year ago. C. One month ago. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。 11Why does Lisa want the new job? A. It pays more money. B. It offers her career promotion. C. It will be easy as sheˈs done it before. 12.How did Lisa find out about the job? A. From a co-worker. B. From an advertisement. C. From someone working there. 13.How many children does Lisa have? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。 14.What is the conversation mainly about? A. Suggestions about adopting a pct. B. Ways of learning to look after a dog. C. Job applications to an animal shelter. 15.What does the woman like best about working at a shelter? A. Cleaning the cages. B. Getting along with pets. C. Interacting with other volunteers. 16.What does the woman regret about her volunteering work? A. The lack of pay. B. The long working hours. C. The inability to adopt all the pets. 17.What will the man probably do next? A. Buy a dog. B. Talk to his roommate. C. Contact a shelter near him. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18.What made sweet foods special in ancient civilizations? A. They were hard to make. B. They were the safest foods. C. They were only for important persons. 19.When was the cupcake invented? A. In the 1800s. B. In the 1300s. C. In the 1200s. 20.Why did it take so long for more recipes to be published? A. The materials were too expensive. B. People perfected desserts early on. C. More demand for sugar was needed. 卷Ⅱ 笔试部分(共120分) 一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A The best science books inspire a sense of wonder and make you amazed at the incredible world we live in. Here are four of them to feed your imagination. A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson How did it all begin? And how did we get here? Combining history and science, the book offers a comprehensive yet entertaining answer to these questions. Bill Bryson takes the reader on an impressive journey through the greatest scientific discoveries in history. It explains scientific topics in a vivid way, but it’s quite a long read. Thing Explainer by Randall Munroe How do helicopters work? Or cells? Randall Munroe explains how things work using illustrations and only the most common 1,000 words in English. It will shift your approach to explanation. So, next time explain how something works rather than merely call it by its name. However, additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience. Ask an Astronaut by Tim Peake What does it feel like to fly into space? How do you prepare for it? Astronaut Tim Peake answers all the questions you never knew about going into space. The book gives insights into the cutting-edge science, as well as the day-to-day life on board of the International Space Station. Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers, but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language. Deep Time by Riley Black Want to know the story of our planet? Riley Black takes us on a journey, in the order of time, through the geological (地质的) events that have shaped our planet. The fascinating high-quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments. It also expands on key concepts in geology, astronomy and biology. Yet, measuring the size of some objects on the photos is difficult due to the lack of a scale bar (比例尺). 1. Which book is organized in the format of question and answer? A A Short History of Nearly Everything. B. Thing Explainer. C. Ask an Astronaut. D. Deep Time. 2. What’s a shortcoming of Thing Explainer? A. It is rather too long. B. It is written in plain language. C. It lacks technical terms. D. It fails to include clear images. 3. What do A Short History of Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in common? A. They combine science and history. B. They feature vivid illustrations. C. They introduce astronauts’ daily life. D. They entertain readers of all ages. B “Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World” by Cal Newport is an exploration of the challenges posed by our modern, digitally-driven environment and the strategies one can employ to achieve focused success. Newport researches the concept of deep work, emphasizing its critical role in an era marked by constant distractions. The book addresses the common issue of information overload and the impact of shallow tasks on productivity. Newport argues that the ability to engage in deep, concentrated work is essential for success. The author supports his claims with research, including experiments comparing brain connectivity patterns during deep work and shallow tasks. Newport’s work agrees with earlier studies, confirming that handwritten notes outperform (胜过) typed ones in academic performance. Beyond academia, Newport presents evidence of the cognitive (认知的) benefits of deep work. The book provides practical strategies for integrating deep work into one’s professional life, advocating for routines and intentional changing of the brain to resist distractions. Newport introduces concepts like productive meditation (冥想) and the craftsman approach to tool selection, offering readers actionable advice to enhance their focus and productivity. “Deep Work” has won widespread praise for its insights into productivity in a distracted world. Many praise Newport’s thorough research, combining neuroscience with practical advice. Readers appreciate the real-world examples, from Carl Jung’s focused mindset to a social media pioneer’s distraction-free writing journey. In conclusion, “Deep Work” stands as a valuable guide for navigating the challenges of the digital age. Newport’s exploration of deep work as a catalyst (催化剂) for success, supported by research and concrete strategies, has left a lasting impact on how individuals approach their professional and personal lives. It serves as a timely reminder to prioritize focus and concentration in an era defined by constant connectivity and distractions. 4. What kind of writing is this passage? A. A book review. B. An advertisement. C. A science report. D. A psychological research. 5. How does Cal Newport support his claims about the benefits of deep work in the book? A. By sharing personal experiences. B. By providing practical strategies. C. By doing experiments on brain connectivity. D. By integrating deep work into one’s professional life 6. What does Newport advocate as a strategy in “Deep Work”? A. Selective tools. B. Inflexible mind. C. Changeable routines. D. Productive meditation. 7. What does the author want to tell us in the book? A. Achieving success through focus. B. The necessity of handwritten notes. C. The drawbacks of constant connectivity. D. An analysis of modern workforce challenges. C As to psychological well-being, the comfort zone is frequently perceived as a haven, a familiar location where individuals feel calm and peaceful. Pushing beyond this psychological state might have benefits. The comfort zone can be understood as a behavioral metaphor. Within a comfort zone, an individual takes on a state of minimal anxiety without a perception of risk, responding predictably to deliver a consistent level of performance. These include behaviors that people do commonly, find relaxing, or that take them away from high-stress situations. Engaging in the same manner over time leads to a predictable and familiar zone of comfort. As creatures of habit, we become dependent on these routines that we know we can complete well to feel secure. However, by stepping outside of our comfort zone, we learn about our ability to handle new situations and control risks, leading to greater self-confidence, and lower levels of anxiety. One study found that individuals who are more secure in stepping out of their comfort zone are more likely to be excited by and look forward to new experiences, feeling greater confidence in their ability to take them on. One behavior that demonstrates the benefits of stepping out of a comfort zone is learning to play a musical instrument. When we consider actions outside of our comfort zone, we must assess our desire to engage in that activity. By weighing the pros and cons, we evaluate how uncomfortable a situation may seem, and whether the danger of entering such an unknown situation will be worth the risk. Music offers a safe way to step out of your initial comfort zone because you can begin by practicing in an isolated setting, which offers a casual, safe way to build a new skill set. By picking up and practicing a new instrument, you have proven to yourself that you are capable of meeting an unfamiliar objective, thus decreasing anxiety. 8. What does the underlined word “haven” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Habitat. B. Shelter. C. Community. D. Destination. 9. Which will not be considered when we step out of our comfort zone? A. We recall the old experience. B. We think whether it is worth the risk. C. We evaluate our thirsty for the activity. D. We weigh the strengths and weaknesses. 10. What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph? A. The definition of the comfort zone. B. The importance of psychological well-being. C. The process of learning a new musical instrument. D. The benefits of stepping out of one’s comfort zone. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. How to Identify Comfort Zone B. Staying Inside Comfort Zone is Important C. Stepping Outside Comfort Zone Promotes Learning D. How to Take Yourself Away from High-stress Situations D There’re plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets. But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh, consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be stored at home. The same goes for distribution centers and supermarkets. Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared (红外线) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last. The startup is named OneThird because one-third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质) every year. The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food. “I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce. One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life.” founder and CEO of OneThird, Marco Snikkers said. Quality inspections at farms and distribution centers are done manually (手动地). An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality. Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable. Using the infrared scanner at the distribution center means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis. This means that a shipment of rip e tomatoes will not be sent long distances away. OneThird’s scanner combines the technology of optical scanners, image modeling, and Artificial Intelligence to provide accurate shelf-life predictions. The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage. “Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University of Maine. 12. What problem does OneThird aim to solve? A. The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables. B. Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centers. C. Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life. D. Consumers’ difficulty judging the freshness of produce. 13. What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of using infrared scanner? A. The use of the device in another field. B. Observation of the food-supply chain. C. Consumer demands for fresher produce. D. Experts’advice on food waste reduction. 14. What can we learn about the manual quality inspections? A. They are time-consuming and costly. B. They are not performed at a regular time. C. The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement. D. The shipping time is not taken into consideration. 15. What’s Jacob’s attitude to OneThird’s effort? A. Approving. B. Doubtful. C. Tolerant. D. Dismissive. 二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 Dogs have a different way of seeing the world compared to human beings. As a result of this, they heavily rely on their body language to pass their messages to people. ____16____ . You will be shocked at some of these signs from your dog, because believe it or not, there are some that you might have never thought of. ____17____ when you see your dog raising its paw. This is a behavior displayed mostly by puppies and other small dogs. Whenever puppies want to eat, they will raise their paws or put them out for their mother. So when it does the same to you, it just means they need some attention and affection. If you pay close attention to your dog, you will notice that at some point it will curl up just like a fox. In such cases, the paws will be curled up underneath their bodies and their tail will be well wrapped around them. This shows that the dog is probably feeling cold. Curling up helps them keep more body heat.____18____. ____19____. But unfortunately this mostly means that the dog lacks some important nutrients. It could also mean that they are trying to digest their food well considering how fibrous（含纤维的） grass is. You should also be very careful because this could also indicate that your dog has worms in their intestines（肠道） or is dehydrated and it is trying to get water from the grass. ____20____ . A. Dogs may sometimes be grass-eating animals B. Eating grass is not the most uncommon thing for a dog C. Read the text to find out more on what your dog is trying to tell you D. It’s a sign that they want to play or simply need something from you E. You may feel the joy of your dog or feel it cute to see such baby-like gesture F. If this happens a lot take your dog to the vet to ensure their safety G. If you see your dog doing this, throw a blanket over them to help them feel warmer 三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 I never met a more interesting man than Mayhew, a lawyer, in Detroit. By 35 he had a good ____21____; a cute brain and an attractive ____22____. There was no reason why he should not become, financially or politically, a(n) ____23____ in the land. One evening he was drinking with friends. One had recently come from Italy and told them of a house on the hill ____24____ the Bay of Naples. He ____25____ to them the beauty of the most beautiful island in the Mediterranean. Mayhew sent an email, wanting to buy the house. The next day the ____26____ came back. The offer was accepted. Mayhew made no secret of the fact that he would never have done so ____27____ a thing if he had not drunk, but he did not regret it. He made up his mind to do ____28____ as he had said. He did not ____29____ wealth and he had enough money on which to live in Italy. He had no ____30____ plan. He merely wanted to get away from his current life. He determined to write a history about the Roman Empire. He began to collect ____31____ books and soon he had a large library. He worked harder, ready to sit down to ____32____. He died. His memory is ____33____ in the hearts of fewer friends. As the years pass on and to the world, he is unknown. And yet to me his life was a ____34____. He did what he wanted, and he died when his ____35____ was in sight. 21. A. case B. chance C. reputation D. business 22. A. pose B. voice C. fashion D. personality 23. A. power B. energy C. strength D. nobody 24. A. blocking B. surrounding C. overlooking D. monitoring 25. A. reported B. explained C. described D. announced 26. A. offer B. reply C. letter D. notice 27. A. wild B. urgent C. demanding D. awkward 28. A. actually B. exactly C. formally D. casually 29. A. ask for B. search for C. call for D. care about 30. A. random B. effective C. undetailed D. definite 31. A. classic B. related C. unique D. contemporary 32. A. write B. study C. imagine D. record 33. A. explored B. treasured C. forgotten D. discussed 34. A. show B. failure C. success D. surprise 35. A. goal B. glory C. progress D. dignity 四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Early risers are people who naturally wake up early in the morning. Their body clock causes them to get up ____36____ most of us are still in deep sleep. Researchers at the University of California said early risers could have some ____37____ (share) DNA from Neanderthals — our ancestors who lived over 40,000 years ago. Neanderthals lived in the ____38____ (north) parts of Europe and Asia. They woke up earlier to hunt for or gather food as the sun rose. Researcher Dr. Tony Capra said, “At higher latitudes (纬度) it is ____39____(benefit) to have a body clock that is better able to anticipate and adapt to the ____40____ (change) seasonal light levels.” He added, “Having a ‘faster’ body clock makes individuals more likely to rise early.” Scientists have spent a long time looking at ____41____ some people are early birds, while others are night owls. They looked at ____42____ medical database with genetic information of hundreds of thousands of people. Their research found more examples of Neanderthal DNA existed in the early risers. However, ____43____ is likely that the Neanderthal gene is not so strong in many people. The effect of the Neanderthal DNA may ____44____ (weaken) over the past centuries. Our modern lifestyles mean many of us prefer sleeping in ______45______ leaving the comfort of our bed. Nevertheless, it may still be true that the early bird catches the worm. 五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。 46. 假定你是李华，劳动节到来之际，你做了关于“The Benefits of Doing Housework”的校园采访。请你就此次采访写一篇报道，向校英文报投稿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Benefits of Doing Housework _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 读后续写 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My best friend, Cocoa, and I live in a senior-citizen apartment complex in a lovely small town. Cocoa is a ten-year-old poodle(卷毛狗) and I am a sixty-nine-year-old lady, so you can see we both qualify as senior citizens. Years ago, I promised myself that when I retired I would get a chocolate poodle to share my golden years. From the very beginning, Cocoa has always been exceptionally well-behaved. I never have to tell him anything more than once. He is extremely neat—when taking toys from his box to play, he always puts them back when he is finished. I have been accused of being obsessively neat, and sometimes I wonder if he mimics me or if he was born that way, too. He is a wonderful companion. When I throw a ball for him, he picks it up in his mouth and gives it back to me. He does many amusing things that make me laugh, and when that happens, he is so delighted that he just keeps it up. I enjoy his company very much. But almost two years ago, Cocoa did something that challenged comprehension. Was it a miracle or a coincidence? It is certainly a mystery. One afternoon, Cocoa started acting strangely. I was sitting on the floor playing with him when he started pawing and sniffing at the right side of my chest. He had never done anything like this before, and I told him, “No.” Usually, one “no” is sufficient, but not that day. He stopped briefly, then suddenly ran toward me from the other side of the room, throwing his entire weight—eighteen pounds—at the right side of my chest. He crashed into me and I yelled in pain. It hurt more than I thought it would have. Soon after this, I felt a lump (肿瘤). I went to the doctors, and after X-rays, tests and lab work were done, they told me I had cancer. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When cancer starts, a wall of calcium(钙) builds to which the lump or cancer attaches itself. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Was Cocoa just aware of what he was doing? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 BCCAB 6-10 BAACB 11-15 BCABB 16-20 CCCAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024 学年度下学期 东北育才超常教育实验部 少儿35班 英语学科 阶段检测二 考试时间： 120分钟 试卷满分： 150分 卷Ⅰ 听力部分(本大题共20小题，共30分) 听下面五段对话，回答第1-5题。 1.What will the woman do? A. Wipe the table. B. Wash the dishes. C. Clean the floor. 2.How often are the meetings held? A. Once a day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month. 3.What does the man mean? A. He is going blind. B. He likes darkness. C. He canˈt bear the strong light. 4.Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a mountain. B. In a gym. C. At the speakersˈ home. 5.What did the man think of the garden? A. It was beautiful. B. It was crowded. C. It was inspiring. 听下面一段对话，回答第6，7题。 6.How will the woman give the lucky money to William? A. By WeChat Pay. B. By bank transfer. C. In cash. 7.What will William probably do during the holiday? A. Attend classes. B. Join his family for dinner. C. Travel to his grandparentsˈ house. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。 8.Why does the woman think young people prefer public transportation? A. Decrease in income. B. Difficulty of parking. C. Convenience of public transportation. 9.Why does the woman like cars? A. They run fast. B. They are cheap. C. They can go anywhere. 10.When did the man get rid of his vehicle? A. A year ago. B. Half a year ago. C. One month ago. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13题。 11.Why does Lisa want the new job? A. It pays more money. B. It offers her career promotion. C. It will be easy as sheˈs done it before. 12.How did Lisa find out about the job? A. From a co-worker. B. From an advertisement. C. From someone working there. 13.How many children does Lisa have? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至17题。 14.What is the conversation mainly about? A. Suggestions about adopting a pct. B. Ways of learning to look after a dog. C Job applications to an animal shelter. 15.What does the woman like best about working at a shelter? A. Cleaning the cages. B. Getting along with pets. C. Interacting with other volunteers. 16.What does the woman regret about her volunteering work? A. The lack of pay. B. The long working hours. C The inability to adopt all the pets. 17.What will the man probably do next? A. Buy a dog. B. Talk to his roommate. C. Contact a shelter near him. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18.What made sweet foods special in ancient civilizations? A. They were hard to make. B. They were the safest foods. C. They were only for important persons. 19.When was the cupcake invented? A. In the 1800s. B. In the 1300s. C. In the 1200s. 20.Why did it take so long for more recipes to be published? A. The materials were too expensive. B. People perfected desserts early on. C. More demand for sugar was needed. 卷Ⅱ 笔试部分(共120分) 一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。 A The best science books inspire a sense of wonder and make you amazed at the incredible world we live in. Here are four of them to feed your imagination. A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson How did it all begin? And how did we get here? Combining history and science, the book offers a comprehensive yet entertaining answer to these questions. Bill Bryson takes the reader on an impressive journey through the greatest scientific discoveries in history. It explains scientific topics in a vivid way, but it’s quite a long read. Thing Explainer by Randall Munroe How do helicopters work? Or cells? Randall Munroe explains how things work using illustrations and only the most common 1,000 words in English. It will shift your approach to explanation. So, next time explain how something works rather than merely call it by its name. However, additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience. Ask an Astronaut by Tim Peake What does it feel like to fly into space? How do you prepare for it? Astronaut Tim Peake answers all the questions you never knew about going into space. The book gives insights into the cutting-edge science, as well as the day-to-day life on board of the International Space Station. Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers, but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language. Deep Time by Riley Black Want to know the story of our planet? Riley Black takes us on a journey, in the order of time, through the geological (地质的) events that have shaped our planet. The fascinating high-quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments. It also expands on key concepts in geology, astronomy and biology. Yet, measuring the size of some objects on the photos is difficult due to the lack of a scale bar (比例尺). 1. Which book is organized in the format of question and answer? A. A Short History of Nearly Everything. B. Thing Explainer. C. Ask an Astronaut. D. Deep Time. 2. What’s a shortcoming of Thing Explainer? A. It is rather too long. B. It is written in plain language. C. It lacks technical terms. D. It fails to include clear images. 3. What do A Short History of Nearly Everything and Deep Time have in common? A. They combine science and history. B. They feature vivid illustrations. C. They introduce astronauts’ daily life. D. They entertain readers of all ages. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Its question and answer format makes it easy to quickly find answers, but it can become less appealing due to the lack of descriptive language.(它的问答格式可以很容易地快速找到答案，但由于缺乏描述性语言，它可能变得不那么吸引人)”可知，Ask an Astronaut是以问答的形式组织的。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, additionally providing more technical terms might have enhanced the understanding and learning experience.(然而，额外提供更多的技术术语可能会增强理解和学习经验)”可知，Thing Explainer的缺点是缺乏专业术语。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Combining history and science, the book offers a comprehensive yet entertaining answer to these questions.(这本书结合了历史和科学，为这些问题提供了一个全面而有趣的答案)”以及最后一段“The fascinating high-quality images are supported by easily digestible explanations of key historical moments. It also expands on key concepts in geology, astronomy and biology.(这些引人入胜的高质量图像由易于理解的关键历史时刻的解释支持。它还扩展了地质学、天文学和生物学中的关键概念)”可知，《万物简史》和《深时间》的共同之处在于都结合了科学和历史。故选A。 B “Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World” by Cal Newport is an exploration of the challenges posed by our modern, digitally-driven environment and the strategies one can employ to achieve focused success. Newport researches the concept of deep work, emphasizing its critical role in an era marked by constant distractions. The book addresses the common issue of information overload and the impact of shallow tasks on productivity. Newport argues that the ability to engage in deep, concentrated work is essential for success. The author supports his claims with research, including experiments comparing brain connectivity patterns during deep work and shallow tasks. Newport’s work agrees with earlier studies, confirming that handwritten notes outperform (胜过) typed ones in academic performance. Beyond academia, Newport presents evidence of the cognitive (认知的) benefits of deep work. The book provides practical strategies for integrating deep work into one’s professional life, advocating for routines and intentional changing of the brain to resist distractions. Newport introduces concepts like productive meditation (冥想) and the craftsman approach to tool selection, offering readers actionable advice to enhance their focus and productivity. “Deep Work” has won widespread praise for its insights into productivity in a distracted world. Many praise Newport’s thorough research, combining neuroscience with practical advice. Readers appreciate the real-world examples, from Carl Jung’s focused mindset to a social media pioneer’s distraction-free writing journey. In conclusion, “Deep Work” stands as a valuable guide for navigating the challenges of the digital age. Newport’s exploration of deep work as a catalyst (催化剂) for success, supported by research and concrete strategies, has left a lasting impact on how individuals approach their professional and personal lives. It serves as a timely reminder to prioritize focus and concentration in an era defined by constant connectivity and distractions. 4. What kind of writing is this passage? A. A book review. B. An advertisement. C. A science report. D. A psychological research. 5. How does Cal Newport support his claims about the benefits of deep work in the book? A. By sharing personal experiences. B. By providing practical strategies. C. By doing experiments on brain connectivity. D. By integrating deep work into one’s professional life 6. What does Newport advocate as a strategy in “Deep Work”? A. Selective tools. B. Inflexible mind. C. Changeable routines. D. Productive meditation. 7. What does the author want to tell us in the book? A. Achieving success through focus. B. The necessity of handwritten notes. C. The drawbacks of constant connectivity. D. An analysis of modern workforce challenges. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇书评，主要介绍的是“Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World”这本书的相关内容。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段““Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World” by Cal Newport is an exploration of the challenges posed by our modern, digitally-driven environment and the strategies one can employ to achieve focused success. Newport researches the concept of deep work, emphasizing its critical role in an era marked by constant distractions.(Cal Newport的“Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World”探索了我们现代数字驱动的环境所带来的挑战，以及人们可以采用的实现专注成功的策略。Newport研究了深度工作的概念，强调了它在一个不断分心的时代的关键作用。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是“Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World”这本书的相关内容，因此本文是一篇书评，故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The author supports his claims with research, including experiments comparing brain connectivity patterns during deep work and shallow tasks.(作者用研究来支持他的观点，包括比较深度工作和浅层任务时大脑连接模式的实验。)”可知，Cal Newport在书中是通过做大脑连接的实验证明深度工作的好处的。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Newport introduces concepts like productive meditation and the craftsman approach to tool selection, offering readers actionable advice to enhance their focus and productivity.(Newport介绍了富有成效的冥想和工具选择的工匠方法等概念，为读者提供了可操作的建议，以提高他们的注意力和生产力。)”可知，Newport倡导富有成效的冥想来作为“Deep Work”的策略，故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It serves as a timely reminder to prioritize focus and concentration in an era defined by constant connectivity and distractions.(它及时地提醒我们，在这个被不断的联系和干扰所定义的时代，要优先考虑集中注意力。)”可知，作者在这本书中是想告诉我们通过专注获得成功，故选A。 C As to psychological well-being, the comfort zone is frequently perceived as a haven, a familiar location where individuals feel calm and peaceful. Pushing beyond this psychological state might have benefits. The comfort zone can be understood as a behavioral metaphor. Within a comfort zone, an individual takes on a state of minimal anxiety without a perception of risk, responding predictably to deliver a consistent level of performance. These include behaviors that people do commonly, find relaxing, or that take them away from high-stress situations. Engaging in the same manner over time leads to a predictable and familiar zone of comfort. As creatures of habit, we become dependent on these routines that we know we can complete well to feel secure. However, by stepping outside of our comfort zone, we learn about our ability to handle new situations and control risks, leading to greater self-confidence, and lower levels of anxiety. One study found that individuals who are more secure in stepping out of their comfort zone are more likely to be excited by and look forward to new experiences, feeling greater confidence in their ability to take them on. One behavior that demonstrates the benefits of stepping out of a comfort zone is learning to play a musical instrument. When we consider actions outside of our comfort zone, we must assess our desire to engage in that activity. By weighing the pros and cons, we evaluate how uncomfortable a situation may seem, and whether the danger of entering such an unknown situation will be worth the risk. Music offers a safe way to step out of your initial comfort zone because you can begin by practicing in an isolated setting which offers a casual, safe way to build a new skill set. By picking up and practicing a new instrument, you have proven to yourself that you are capable of meeting an unfamiliar objective, thus decreasing anxiety. 8. What does the underlined word “haven” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean? A. Habitat. B. Shelter. C. Community. D. Destination. 9. Which will not be considered when we step out of our comfort zone? A. We recall the old experience. B. We think whether it is worth the risk. C. We evaluate our thirsty for the activity. D. We weigh the strengths and weaknesses. 10. What will be probably discussed in the following paragraph? A. The definition of the comfort zone. B. The importance of psychological well-being. C. The process of learning a new musical instrument. D. The benefits of stepping out of one’s comfort zone. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. How to Identify Comfort Zone B. Staying Inside Comfort Zone is Important C. Stepping Outside Comfort Zone Promotes Learning D. How to Take Yourself Away from High-stress Situations 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了走出舒适区能够给人带来好处。作为习惯，人们变得依赖于舒适区带来的无论是行为上还是精神上的安全感。然而，走出舒适区，人们就会了解到自己有处理新情况和控制风险的能力，从而获得更大的自信，降低焦虑水平，从而能够接受新体验，促进新学习的产生。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据后文的进一步解释“a familiar location where individuals feel calm and peaceful(一个熟悉的地方，个人感到平静和安宁)”可知，划线词“haven”应是指安全的，熟悉的地方，即，避风港，庇护所等，与选项B“Shelter.(庇护所)”表达含义相同。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“When we consider actions outside of our comfort zone, we must assess our desire to engage in that activity. By weighing the pros and cons, we evaluate how uncomfortable a situation may seem, and whether the danger of entering such an unknown situation will be worth the risk.(当我们考虑舒适区之外的行为时，我们必须评估我们参与该活动的愿望。通过权衡利弊，我们评估一种情况看起来有多不舒服，以及进入这种未知情况的危险是否值得冒险)”可知，在考虑走出舒适区行为时，会评估参与该活动的愿望，权衡利弊，是否值得冒险。由此可知，选项A“We recall the old experience.(我们回忆起过去的经历)”并不在考虑范围之内。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据末尾段末尾句内容“By picking up and practicing a new instrument, you have proven to yourself that you are capable of meeting an unfamiliar objective, thus decreasing anxiety.(通过拿起和练习一种新的乐器，你已经向自己证明了你有能力满足一个不熟悉的目标，从而减少焦虑)”提出了学习一种新的乐器这一话题，由此推知，文章接下来会讲述作为想要走出舒适区的新手如何学习乐器。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读文章内容可知，文章第一段末尾内容“Pushing beyond this psychological state might have benefits. (超越这种心理状态可能会有好处)”揭示了文章的核心要义，即，文章主要讲述的是走出舒适区可能会有的好处，尤其在后文用学习乐器作为举例，详细论述了走出舒适区能够促进自己提升能力，尤其是在学习方面。由此可知，选项C“Stepping Outside Comfort Zone Promotes Learning(走出舒适区促进学习)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C项。 D There’re plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables available in local markets. But while those red juicy strawberries look fresh, consumers have no way of knowing how long the fruit can be stored at home. The same goes for distribution centers and supermarkets. Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared (红外线) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last. The startup is named OneThird because one-third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质) every year. The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food. “I looked at the challenges in the food-supply chain and found out that 40 percent of food waste is fresh produce. One of the biggest causes of waste is that nobody knows shelf life.” founder and CEO of OneThird, Marco Snikkers said. Quality inspections at farms and distribution centers are done manually (手动地). An inspector checks the fruits and vegetables and makes notes about the size and quality. Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable. Using the infrared scanner at the distribution center means that inspectors can use the information to approve shipments that will ensure the produce can be distributed on a timely basis. This means that a shipment of rip e tomatoes will not be sent long distances away. OneThird’s scanner combines the technology of optical scanners, image modeling, and Artificial Intelligence to provide accurate shelf-life predictions. The startup found that the technology can reduce up to 25 percent produce waste that was caused by spoilage. “Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University of Maine. 12. What problem does OneThird aim to solve? A. The high cost of storing fresh fruits and vegetables. B. Inefficient quality inspections at distribution centers. C. Food waste caused by uncertainty about its shelf life. D. Consumers’ difficulty judging the freshness of produce. 13. What inspired OneThird to come up with the idea of using infrared scanner? A. The use of the device in another field. B. Observation of the food-supply chain. C. Consumer demands for fresher produce. D. Experts’advice on food waste reduction. 14. What can we learn about the manual quality inspections? A. They are time-consuming and costly. B. They are not performed at a regular time. C. The inspectors tend to make wrong judgement. D. The shipping time is not taken into consideration. 15. What’s Jacob’s attitude to OneThird’s effort? A. Approving. B. Doubtful. C. Tolerant. D. Dismissive. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食品科技初创公司OneThird通过红外扫描仪准确预测新鲜水果和蔬菜的保质期。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Now, the food technology startup OneThird, located in the Netherlands, is looking to change that with an infrared (红外线) scanner that can accurately predict how long fresh fruits and vegetables will last. The startup is named OneThird because one-third of food is wasted due to spoilage (变质) every year.(现在，位于荷兰的食品科技初创公司OneThird正试图改变这一现状，他们发明了一种红外扫描仪，可以准确预测新鲜水果和蔬菜的保质期。这家初创公司之所以被命名为OneThird，是因为每年有三分之一的食物因变质而被浪费)”可知，OneThird旨在解决由于不确定食物的保质期而造成的食物浪费。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The startup’s founders were inspired by a UK company that uses this type of technology in the medical field and decided to see if it was applicable for food.(这家初创公司的创始人受到一家英国公司的启发，该公司在医疗领域使用这种技术，并决定看看它是否适用于食品)”可知，设备在其他领域的使用激发了OneThird使用红外扫描仪的想法。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Then the food is sent to consumers without considering travel time or how long the produce will remain usable.(然后，食品被送到消费者手中，而不考虑运输时间或产品的可用性)”可知，人工质量检验中，运输时间没有考虑在内。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Global food waste has an enormous environmental impact; reducing global food waste cuts global greenhouse gas emissions and promotes global food security,” said Jacob Smith, a climate expert from the University of Maine.(“全球食物浪费对环境有巨大影响;减少全球食物浪费可以减少全球温室气体排放，促进全球粮食安全，”缅因大学气候专家雅各布·史密斯说)”可知，雅各布对OneThird的努力持支持态度。故选A。 二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。 Dogs have a different way of seeing the world compared to human beings. As a result of this, they heavily rely on their body language to pass their messages to people. ____16____ . You will be shocked at some of these signs from your dog, because believe it or not, there are some that you might have never thought of. ____17____ when you see your dog raising its paw. This is a behavior displayed mostly by puppies and other small dogs. Whenever puppies want to eat, they will raise their paws or put them out for their mother. So when it does the same to you, it just means they need some attention and affection. If you pay close attention to your dog, you will notice that at some point it will curl up just like a fox. In such cases, the paws will be curled up underneath their bodies and their tail will be well wrapped around them. This shows that the dog is probably feeling cold. Curling up helps them keep more body heat.____18____. ____19____. But unfortunately this mostly means that the dog lacks some important nutrients. It could also mean that they are trying to digest their food well considering how fibrous（含纤维的） grass is. You should also be very careful because this could also indicate that your dog has worms in their intestines（肠道） or is dehydrated and it is trying to get water from the grass. ____20____ . A. Dogs may sometimes be grass-eating animals B. Eating grass is not the most uncommon thing for a dog C. Read the text to find out more on what your dog is trying to tell you D. It’s a sign that they want to play or simply need something from you E. You may feel the joy of your dog or feel it cute to see such baby-like gesture F. If this happens a lot, take your dog to the vet to ensure their safety G. If you see your dog doing this, throw a blanket over them to help them feel warmer 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了狗通过身体语言传达信息给人类的事实，介绍了一些狗的身体语言和可能的含义。 【16题详解】 根据前文“As a result of this, they heavily rely on their body language to pass their messages to people. (因此，它们严重依赖肢体语言来传递信息给别人。)”可知，此处强调狗依靠肢体语言传递信息给他人。同时根据下文“ You will be shocked at some of these signs from your dog, because believe it or not, there are some that you might have never thought of.(你可能会对你的狗发出的这些信号感到震惊，因为信不信由你，有一些你可能从未想过。)”提到狗会发出一些我们可能从未想过的狗的身体语言，因此C选项“Read the text to find out more on what your dog is trying to tell you(阅读这篇文章，找出更多你的狗想告诉你的事情)”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据后文“Whenever puppies want to eat, they will raise their paws or put them out for their mother. So when it does the same to you, it just means they need some attention and affection.(每当小狗想吃东西的时候，它们就会抬起爪子或伸出爪子给妈妈吃。所以当它对你做同样的事情时，这只意味着它们需要一些关注和关爱。)”可知，此处表示狗狗抬起爪子或者伸出爪子的动作表明其需要关注和关爱。D选项“It’s a sign that they want to play or simply need something from you(这是一个信号，表明它们想玩或者只是想从你这里得到一些东西)”引起下文，指出当你看到你的狗抬起它的爪子，意味着它们需要一些关注和关爱。符合语境。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据前文“In such cases, the paws will be curled up underneath their bodies and their tail will be well wrapped around them. This shows that the dog is probably feeling cold. Curling up helps them keep more body heat.(在这种情况下，爪子会蜷缩在身体下面，尾巴会很好地缠绕在身体周围。这表明狗可能感到冷。蜷缩起来可以帮助它们保持更多的体温。)”可知，蜷缩起来的动作表明狗可能感到寒冷。蜷缩可以帮助它们保持更多的体温。G选项“If you see your dog doing this, throw a blanket over them to help them feel warmer(如果你看到你的狗这样做，给它们盖上毯子，让它们感觉更暖和)”指出，如果你看到你的狗蜷缩起来，给它们盖上一条毯子帮助它们感到更暖和，符合语境。故选G。 【19题详解】 根据后文“But unfortunately this mostly means that the dog lacks some important nutrients. It could also mean that they are trying to digest their food well considering how fibrous（含纤维的） grass is. (但不幸的是，这主要意味着狗缺乏一些重要的营养。这也可能意味着考虑到纤维草的含量，它们正试图很好地消化食物。)”可知，狗狗吃草意味着其缺乏一些重要的营养。B选项“Eating grass is not the most uncommon thing for a dog(对狗来说，吃草并不是最罕见的事情)”与下文的this形成呼应并且与下文构成转折，即狗吃草虽然很常见但是不幸的是，这意味着狗狗缺乏营养，该选项符合语境。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据前文“You should also be very careful because this could also indicate that your dog has worms in their intestines（肠道） or is dehydrated and it is trying to get water from the grass. (你也应该非常小心，因为这也可能表明你的狗肠内有蠕虫或脱水，它正试图从草中取水。)”可知，狗吃草可能表明狗的肠内有蠕虫或脱水，它正试图从草中取水。F选项“If this happens a lot, take your dog to the vet to ensure their safety(如果这种情况经常发生，带你的狗去看兽医以确保它们的安全)”中的this与前文呼应，指出如果狗频繁吃草，应该带它去兽医确保安全，该选项符合语境。故选F。 三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。 I never met a more interesting man than Mayhew, a lawyer, in Detroit. By 35 he had a good ____21____; a cute brain and an attractive ____22____. There was no reason why he should not become, financially or politically, a(n) ____23____ in the land. One evening he was drinking with friends. One had recently come from Italy and told them of a house on the hill, ____24____ the Bay of Naples. He ____25____ to them the beauty of the most beautiful island in the Mediterranean. Mayhew sent an email, wanting to buy the house. The next day the ____26____ came back. The offer was accepted. Mayhew made no secret of the fact that he would never have done so ____27____ a thing if he had not drunk, but he did not regret it. He made up his mind to do ____28____ as he had said. He did not ____29____ wealth and he had enough money on which to live in Italy. He had no ____30____ plan. He merely wanted to get away from his current life. He determined to write a history about the Roman Empire. He began to collect ____31____ books and soon he had a large library. He worked harder, ready to sit down to ____32____. He died. His memory is ____33____ in the hearts of fewer friends. As the years pass on and to the world, he is unknown. And yet to me his life was a ____34____. He did what he wanted, and he died when his ____35____ was in sight. 21. A. case B. chance C. reputation D. business 22. A. pose B. voice C. fashion D. personality 23. A. power B. energy C. strength D. nobody 24. A. blocking B. surrounding C. overlooking D. monitoring 25. A. reported B. explained C. described D. announced 26. A. offer B. reply C. letter D. notice 27. A. wild B. urgent C. demanding D. awkward 28. A. actually B. exactly C. formally D. casually 29. A. ask for B. search for C. call for D. care about 30. A. random B. effective C. undetailed D. definite 31. A. classic B. related C. unique D. contemporary 32. A. write B. study C. imagine D. record 33. A. explored B. treasured C. forgotten D. discussed 34. A. show B. failure C. success D. surprise 35. A. goal B. glory C. progress D. dignity 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个比较有趣的人。他有着良好的声誉，精明的大脑和迷人的个性，说话算话，却在即将实现自己的人生目标时突然去世了。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：35岁时，他有了良好的声誉，精明的大脑和迷人的个性。A. case案例；B. chance机会；C. reputation声誉；D. business生意。根据下文“There was no reason why he should not become, financially or politically, a(n)___3____ in the land.”可知，他不管在经济上还是政治上都是本国的一股重要力量，故他有着良好的声誉。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：35岁时，他有了良好声誉；精明的大脑和迷人的个性。A. pose姿势；B. voice声音；C. fashion时尚；D. personality个性。根据上文“I never met a more interesting man than Mayhew, a lawyer, in Detroit.”可知，Mayhew是一个非常有趣的人，有着吸引人的个性。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他没有理由不在经济或政治上成为本国的一股重要力量。A. power力量；B. energy能量；C. strength力气；D. nobody小人物。根据上文“By 35 he had a good ____1____; a cute brain and an attractive ____2____.”可知，他是一个各方面很优秀的人，故他成为这个国家政治和经济上的重要力量。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词词义辨析。句意：其中一个朋友最近从意大利来，告诉他们山上有一所房子，可以俯瞰那不勒斯湾。A. blocking阻挡；B. surrounding包围；C. overlooking俯瞰；D. monitoring监管。根据空前“a house on the hill,”可知，山上的房子俯瞰下面的那不勒斯湾。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他向他们描述了地中海上最美丽的岛屿的美丽景象。A. reported报告；B. explained解释；C. described描述；D. announced宣布。根据空后“the beauty of the most beautiful island in the Mediterranean.”可知，他描述了地中海上最美丽的岛屿的美丽景象。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天，回复来了。A. offer出价；B. reply回复；C. letter信件；D. notice通知。根据上文“Mayhew sent an email, wanting to buy the house.”可知，他发出了邮件，现在回信来了。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Mayhew毫不掩饰这样一个事实：如果他没有喝醉，他永远不会做出如此疯狂的事情，但他并不后悔。A. wild疯狂的；B. urgent紧急的；C. demanding要求高的；D. awkward难堪的。根据下文“if he had not drunk”可知，如果他没喝醉，他不会做这么疯狂的事。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心照他说的做。A. actually事实上；B. exactly确切地；C. formally正式地；D. casually随意地。根据空后“as he had said. ”可知，他确切地按照他说过的话去做。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他不在乎财富，他有足够的钱在意大利生活。A. ask for请求；B. search for寻找；C. call for需要；D. care about在意。根据下文“he had enough money on which to live in Italy”可知，他有足够的钱，故他不在乎财富。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他没有明确的计划。A. random随意的；B. effective有效的；C. undetailed未详细说明的；D. definite明确的。根据下文“He merely wanted to get away from his current life.”可知，他只想逃离现在的生活，故他没有明确的计划。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他开始收集相关书籍，很快就有了一个大图书馆。A. classic典型的；B. related相关的；C. unique独一无二的；D. contemporary当代的。根据上文“He determined to write a history about the Roman Empire.”可知，他想写一本关于罗马帝国的书，故他开始收集相关的书籍。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他工作更加努力，准备坐下来写作。A. write写；B. study学习；C. imagine想象；D. record记录。根据上文“He determined to write a history about the Roman Empire.”可知，他准备坐下来写书。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的记忆在为数不多的朋友心中被珍藏。A. explored探索；B. treasured珍惜；C. forgotten忘记；D. discussed讨论。根据下文“As the years pass on and to the world, he is unknown.”可知，他的记忆只被很少的人珍惜。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，对我来说，他的生活是成功的。A. show展览；B. failure失败；C. success成功；D. surprise吃惊。根据下文“He did what he wanted, and he died when his ___15____ was in sight.”可知，作者觉得他是一个成功的人。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他做了自己想做的事，并且在目标即将实现之际离世了。A. goal目标；B. glory荣誉；C. progress进步；D. dignity尊严。根据上文“ready to sit down to ____12____.”可知，他就要开始写书，故他的目标即将实现了。故选A。 四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Early risers are people who naturally wake up early in the morning. Their body clock causes them to get up ____36____ most of us are still in deep sleep. Researchers at the University of California said early risers could have some ____37____ (share) DNA from Neanderthals — our ancestors who lived over 40,000 years ago. Neanderthals lived in the ____38____ (north) parts of Europe and Asia. They woke up earlier to hunt for or gather food as the sun rose. Researcher Dr. Tony Capra said, “At higher latitudes (纬度) it is ____39____(benefit) to have a body clock that is better able to anticipate and adapt to the ____40____ (change) seasonal light levels.” He added, “Having a ‘faster’ body clock makes individuals more likely to rise early.” Scientists have spent a long time looking at ____41____ some people are early birds while others are night owls. They looked at ____42____ medical database with genetic information of hundreds of thousands of people. Their research found more examples of Neanderthal DNA existed in the early risers. However, ____43____ is likely that the Neanderthal gene is not so strong in many people. The effect of the Neanderthal DNA may ____44____ (weaken) over the past centuries. Our modern lifestyles mean many of us prefer sleeping in ______45______ leaving the comfort of our bed. Nevertheless, it may still be true that the early bird catches the worm. 【答案】36. while 37. shared 38. northern 39. beneficial 40. changing 41. why 42. a 43. it 44. be weakening 45. to 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了早起者的特点和可能因为有尼安德特人的DNA而比其他人更容易早起。研究人员发现，早起者中存在更多的尼安德特人DNA。然而，尼安德特人基因在现代人中可能不太强大，因为现代人更喜欢晚睡。尽管如此，早起者可能仍然有一定优势。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：他们的生物钟会让他们起床，而我们大多数人还处于深度睡眠状态。分析句子，设空处使用连词连接前后两个句子。根据句意，此处表示“然而”构成对比，用并列连词while。故填while。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：加利福尼亚大学的研究人员表示，早起的人可能与生活在4万多年前的我们的祖先尼安德特人有一些共同的DNA。分析句子，设空处使用share的形容词shared作定语，修饰DNA。故填shared。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尼安德特人生活在欧洲北部和亚洲。分析句子设空处使用north的形容词northern作定语，意为“北部的”，修饰名词parts。故填northern。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在高纬度地区，拥有一个能够更好地预测和适应季节性光照水平变化的生物钟是有益的。分析句子，设空处使用benefit的形容词beneficial作表语，意为“有益处的”。故填beneficial。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用change的形容词changing作定语，意为“不断变化的”，修饰名词短语seasonal light levels。故填changing。 【41题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：科学家们花了很长时间研究为什么有些人是早起的鸟，而有些人是夜猫子。分析句子，设空处引导的是宾语从句，根据句意，表示“为什么”用连接副词why。故填why。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他们查看了一个包含数十万人遗传信息的医学数据库。分析句子，句中database为可数名词，此处表示泛指，其修饰词medical首字母为辅音音素，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：然而，很可能尼安德特人的基因在很多人身上并没有那么强。句中it is likely that为固定句型，it为形式主语，that引导的主语从句为真正的主语。故填it。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几个世纪里，尼安德特人DNA的影响可能正在减弱。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中over the past centuries表示动作在过去的一段时间内持续发生，故使用进行时结构，may be doing形式，意为“可能正在做某事”，表示不确定的可能性。故填be weakening。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：现代的生活方式意味着我们中的许多人宁愿睡懒觉也不愿离开舒适的床。句中prefer doing sth. to doing sth.为固定短语，意为“更喜欢做某事而不是做另一件事”。故填to。 五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。 46. 假定你是李华，劳动节到来之际，你做了关于“The Benefits of Doing Housework”的校园采访。请你就此次采访写一篇报道，向校英文报投稿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Benefits of Doing Housework _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Benefits of Doing Housework With the Labor Day holiday approaching, I interviewed my fellow students about their opinions on the benefits of doing housework. According to my interviews, I found that the benefits of doing housework include improving self-discipline, emotional stability, and increase cooperation skills. Most students also pointed out that doing housework can help them learn about responsibility and understanding the value of hard work. In conclusion, the benefits of doing housework are not only apparent in the physical labor, but also in the mental and emotional aspects of our lives. I highly recommend everyone to take some time to do housework. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生就自己做的关于“The Benefits of Doing Housework”的校园采访写一篇报道，向校英文报投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 临近：approach→draw near/around the corner 看法，观点：opinion→perspective 明显的：apparent→evident 建议：recommend→advise/suggest 2.句型拓展 同义句 原句： I highly recommend everyone to take some time to do housework. 拓展句： I highly recommend that everyone should take some time to do housework. 【点睛】【高分句型1】With the Labor Day holiday approaching, I interviewed my fellow students about their opinions on the benefits of doing housework.（运用了with复合结构） 【高分句型2】According to my interviews, I found that the benefits of doing housework include improving self-discipline, emotional stability, and increase cooperation skills. （运用了that引导的宾语从句） 读后续写 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My best friend, Cocoa, and I live in a senior-citizen apartment complex in a lovely small town. Cocoa is a ten-year-old poodle(卷毛狗) and I am a sixty-nine-year-old lady, so you can see we both qualify as senior citizens. Years ago, I promised myself that when I retired I would get a chocolate poodle to share my golden years. From the very beginning, Cocoa has always been exceptionally well-behaved. I never have to tell him anything more than once. He is extremely neat—when taking toys from his box to play, he always puts them back when he is finished. I have been accused of being obsessively neat, and sometimes I wonder if he mimics me or if he was born that way, too. He is a wonderful companion. When I throw a ball for him, he picks it up in his mouth and gives it back to me. He does many amusing things that make me laugh, and when that happens, he is so delighted that he just keeps it up. I enjoy his company very much. But almost two years ago, Cocoa did something that challenged comprehension. Was it a miracle or a coincidence? It is certainly a mystery. One afternoon, Cocoa started acting strangely. I was sitting on the floor playing with him when he started pawing and sniffing at the right side of my chest. He had never done anything like this before, and I told him, “No.” Usually, one “no” is sufficient, but not that day. He stopped briefly, then suddenly ran toward me from the other side of the room, throwing his entire weight—eighteen pounds—at the right side of my chest. He crashed into me and I yelled in pain. It hurt more than I thought it would have. Soon after this, I felt a lump (肿瘤). I went to the doctors, and after X-rays, tests and lab work were done, they told me I had cancer. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When cancer starts, a wall of calcium(钙) builds to which the lump or cancer attaches itself. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Was Cocoa just aware of what he was doing? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When cancer starts, a wall of calcium（钙） builds to which the lump or cancer attaches itself. This is known as calcification. It is believed that calcium acts as a protective barrier that isolates the cancerous cells from the surrounding tissues. Cocoa’s strange behavior that day, pawing and sniffing at the right side of my chest, could have been a response to the changes happening in my body. Animals, especially dogs, have an incredible sense of smell and can detect subtle changes in our body odors. It is possible that Cocoa could sense the presence of the cancerous cells even before any physical symptoms or pain appeared. Was Cocoa just aware of what he was doing? I believe so. Cocoa’s actions that day were extraordinary. He not only detected the presence of cancer but also tried to draw my attention to it by pawing and crashing into me. His behavior was a clear gesture of concern and protection. Cocoa’s intervention ultimately led to my early detection and treatment, and this incident made me reflect on the unique bond that humans share with their pets. And I will forever be grateful for having such a caring and perceptive companion by my side. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，这篇文章讲述了作者的一只卷毛狗Cocoa在作者患癌症之前通过异常的行为发现了疾病，并引起了作者的关注和治疗，探讨了人与宠物之间独特的联系和宠物在健康问题上的感知能力。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当癌症开始时，肿块或癌症附着在一堵钙墙上。”可知，第一段可描写Cocoa因为其难以置信的嗅觉察觉到了作者身体“钙化”的情况。 ②由第二段首句内容“Cocoa知道它在做什么吗?”可知，第二段可描写作者很确信Cocoa知道自己所做的一切，同时描述作者通过此次事件的感悟。 2.续写线索： 解释Cocoa的奇怪行为——Cocoa发现了作者身体中癌细胞的存在——作者确信Cocoa知道自己所做的一切——反思自己与动物之间的纽带关系——最终感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①充当：act as/ serve as ②发现：detect/discover ③撞击：crash/hit 情绪类 ①难以置信的：incredible/ unbelievable ②感激的：grateful/ appreciative 【点睛】[高分句型1]It is believed that calcium acts as a protective barrier that isolates the cancerous cells from the surrounding tissues.（句中包含that引导的主语从句以及that引导的定语从句） [高分句型2]Cocoa’s intervention ultimately led to my early detection and treatment, and this incident made me reflect on the unique bond that humans share with their pets. （由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句） 1-5 BCCAB 6-10 BAACB 11-15 BCABB 16-20 CCCAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$