13选择性必修第四册教材词汇复习夯基（人教版2019）-2024年高二英语培优提升暑假作业

13选择性必修第四册教材词汇复习夯基 目录 Part one 词性转换 Part two 根据汉语提示单词拼写 Part three 选词填空 Part four 汉译英 词性转换 1．chemical adj.化学的 n. 化学物质→ n. 化学→ n. 化学家；药剂师；药房 2．house n. 房子 vt.给……提供住处→ n. 住房；住宅 3．ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ vi.&vt.成熟；使成熟 4．privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权→ adj.有特权的；受特别优待的 5．account n. 账户；账目→ n. 会计；会计师 6．just adj.公正的；正义的；合理的→ n. 公平；公正；合理 7．greed n. 贪心；贪欲→ adj.贪婪的；贪心的→ adv.贪心地；贪婪地；贪吃地 8．wool n. 毛；毛线；毛料→ adj.毛的；毛料的；羊毛的 9．finance n. 资金；财政；金融 vt.提供资金→ adj.金融的；财政的 10．lawyer n. 律师→ n. 法律；法令；法规 11．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→ adj.广泛的；广阔的→ n．延伸；扩大；延期 12．applaud vt.&vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→ n．掌声 13．man vt.给……配置(人员)；操纵(机器等)；在……岗位上工作→ adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的 14．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀→ n．杀人犯；杀人凶手 15．possess vt.拥有；具有；支配→ n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制 16．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→ v．覆盖；涉及；包含；采访，报道 n．封面，盖子 17．week n．星期→ adj.每周的 n．周刊 18．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→ n．计算；预测→ n．计算器 19．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布→ n．公告；宣言 20．urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→ adj.紧急的；紧迫的；催促的；急切的→ n．紧迫；急迫；急事；紧要 21．explode vi.&vt.爆炸；爆破→ n．爆炸；爆破(声) 22．random adj.随机的；不可思议的→ adv.随机地；任意地 23． vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长→extension n. 延伸；扩大 24． vt. 商定；达成（协议） vi. 谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n. 协议；谈判；磋商；协商 25． adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的→royally adv. 庄严地；像国王似的 26． n. 创建；基础；地基→ vt.建立；创立→ n. 创建者；创办者；创始人 27． adj.政治的；政党的→ n. 政治 28． adj. 位于→ v. 位于； 确定……的位置→ n. 位置；所在地 29．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的→ n.慷慨，大方 30．humour n.幽默感→ adj.幽默的 31．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的→ n.焦虑，不安 32．distant adj.遥远的→ v.使与……保持距离；撇清和……的关系 33．fortune n.大笔的钱；巨款→ adj.幸运的→ adv.幸运地→[反义词] adj.不幸的 34．appoint v.任命；委派→ adj.约定的；指定的→ n.任命；约会 35．bitter adj.痛苦的，苦的→ adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→ n.苦味，苦难 36．shame n.羞愧→ adj.感到不好意思的；难为情的→ adj.可耻的 37．fold v.折叠，对折→ v.(卷着的东西)展开；打开 38．locate v.位于；确定……的位置→ n.地点；位置 39．surround vt.围绕；环绕→ n.周围的事物；环境→ adj.周围的；附近的 40．personal adj.个人的→ n.个性；性格→ adv.就自己而言 41．association n. 协会，社团→ v. 联想，联系→ adj.关联的 42．shiny adj.光滑发亮的，闪光的→ v. 发出光；照射 43．muddy adj.沾满泥的，泥泞的→ n. 泥 44．sharpen v. 使提高，使改进；使变锋利→ adj.敏锐的；锋利的；（变化）急剧的，猛烈的；响亮的；严厉的　adv.（指时刻）整；向左/右急转→ n. 铅笔刀；磨具 45．expectation n. 预料，预期→ v. 预料；期待；期望；认为 46．remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的→ v. & n. 评论 47．vivid adj.生动的，逼真的→ adv.生动地，逼真地 48．assign v. 分配，分派→ n. 任务；职责 49．cooperation n. 合作，协作→ v. 合作→ adj.合作的 50．intense adj.紧张的，激烈的→ adv.强烈地；剧烈地 51．affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动→ n．喜爱；影响 52．identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份→ n．识别；鉴定；确认 53．abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的→ adj.正常的，标准的 54．arise vi.发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生→(过去式)   →(过去分词) 55．prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能→ n．禁止；禁令 56．resistance n．抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→ v．抵抗；抗拒→ adj.抵抗的，反抗的 57．withdraw vi.& vt.脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供→(过去式) →(过去分词) 58．equip vt.配备；使有能力→(过去式) →(过去分词) → n．设备 59．grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的→ n．感谢；感激 60．disabled adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的→ n．缺陷，障碍 根据汉语提示单词拼写 61．Reaching out across the sea is often a (混合，结合体) of danger and boredom. 62．Tell the men to (退出) from their new position. 63．I’ll (协商) with their coach on the date of the match. 64．Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’ s (临时的) exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. 65．The sports meeting (推迟，延期) because of the bad weather last week. 66．I forgot to have my computer (充电) last night. 67．Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt (内疚的).   68．Last week they (催促) the authority to approve plans for their education reform. 69．Judy had her car parked in an underground car park, where she could get her car battery (充电). 70．She was so (启发) by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. 71．I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at (随机的). 72．On hearing the news, she (爆炸) with anger. 73．A (周刊) is a newspaper or magazine that is published every week. 74．The government has (宣布) war on illiteracy. 75．The police firmly believed that the man was (有罪的) of the crime. 76．I had an (约定) with the science fiction writer at the cafeteria. 77．I still find it terrifying to find myself (包围) by large numbers of horses. 78．People doing experiments choose a (随机) sample of people to take part to make the results more reliable. 79．With all the necessities (购买), Mrs.Clark drove home directly. 80．Some people say governments should give (优先)to health care. 81．The hotel’s new restaurant comes highly (推荐). 82．Technological innovation, (结合) with good selling skills, will promote the sales of these products. 83．What delighted the fans was that Tom performed well in the table tennis (锦标赛). 84．The dark (抛光) wood shone like glass. 85．It is widely known that full-time employees are (享有权利) to receive medical insurance. 86．When people build a house, they must ensure that the (地基) are strong to prevent sinking. 87．The workman was disciplined by his company for making a big mistake but not (解雇). 88．Good weather is an added (奖励) but the real appeal of the area is the fantastic variety of landscape. 89．The director won’t see you unless you make an (预约) with him. 90．Seeing all my family and friends in the audience (为……鼓掌) me, I felt confident and grateful. 选词填空 turn down    be composed of    take over        turn out conflict with    rely on    be absorbed in        give off 1．When a robot’s behavior the orders given by human beings, as is indicated in Three Laws of Robotics, it will pose a threat to human existence. 2．When something they truly like, people may enter the flow state (流畅心理状态) and lose their sense of time and have a feeling of satisfaction. 3．Phytoplankton (浮游植物) live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while oxygen. 4．At some point of life, one may feel the need to have someone , whether it is to help them out or just listen to their inner thoughts. 5． several tines, the gift for the house-warming party was finally accepted by my Chinese friend. 6．What you had expected to be an easy final exam to be a challenging one. 7．Last month Kalan was appointed by the board of directors the position of Helen, who retired as accountant at the time. 8．The rescue team, troops and medical workers from different countries, will be sent to the earthquake-stricken areas. 根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。 precious; rejected;  tending;  figures;  gathered; a great deal of ;  commercial ; absolutely;  afterwards;  suit; origins;  harvest;  climate;  appointing;  seek; 9．Festivals are becoming more and more , with business taking advantage of the celebrations. 10． , I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck. 11．The is mild all year round, meaning it is always a good time to visit. 12．Life is . To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired? 13．After effort, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. 14．I enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. 15．Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of , such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. 16．She was more interested in patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. 17．This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been in. 18．There is Chinese food to everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子，有两个单词为多余词。 automatic  disaster  resist  equip  divide  threaten  incredible 19．Such dangers can have outcomes not only for the sites themselves, but also for people. 20．Relative poverty did not prevent Martin from himself with an excellent education. 21．Cutting food intake by half is an difficult thing for anyone to do — it’s no wonder that losing weight is no easy task. 22．The more pesticides are used, the more the insects become; so the more pesticides have to be used. 23．There are among historians over when exactly the construction began, but no one can deny the fact that it is a magnificent building. 用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。 endangered   appointment    faithful    injury 24．She made a(n) for her son to see the doctor. 25．In the car crash, the two passengers escaped severe . 26．I need to keep my translation to the original text. 27．We must protect the animals before they become extinct. 选词填空 expand upon     give in     pop up    out of reach     in memory of   against all odds  come up with    from then on  take over   catch up on     on behalf of    search for 28． from their natural predators, these newcomers flourish in their new city lives. 29．Experts felt it necessary a plan to remove all the rabbits. 30．He was there the soldiers who had died. 31．We were amazed to see that , both boys were still alive. 32．There are more than 3000 emojis that the way in which we communicate. 33．I emojis on my phone that would express the same message yesterday. 34．Jennifer the bookstore the day before yesterday. 35．As we can see, emojis have a tendency all over the world. 36．It was that his grandchildren started to be in control of what to do with their money. 37．I switched on my device and couldn’t resist news. A．absence    B．applaud    C． compose    D．controversial E. originality    F. professional    G. recognition    H. sensation I. square    J. sustenance    K. symbol    L. tailor 38．The idea of teaching has always seemed both honorable and horrible to me(too much work, too little money, no . 39．American people emphasize efficiency, competition and while Chinese people give priority to careful planning and encourage close cooperation and altruistic dedication among team members. 40．Teachers imagine they will improve outcomes if they their presentation to each student. 41．I was so confused that I could hardly my thoughts. 42．The discovery caused a , people associate the sea eel with live animals, but also did not express any doubt. 43．However, these disorders often remain throughout life due to neglect or of specific kind of treatment. 44．“The armed forces’ performance has been outstanding and I their commitment, courage and professionalism,” he said. 45．Silk quickly grew into a of status, and originally, only the royalty were entitled to have clothes made of silk. 46．Scientists have known for a while when a body becomes starved for , cells start eating bits and pieces of themselves. 47．As a result, most of us end up choosing excellence over personal achievement, and often we lose ourselves in the process. set sail, in length, on behalf of, have an impact on, in panic, regardless of, contribute to, allow for 48．We have to the possibility that we might not finish this project on schedule. 49．You have donated so many books to the children in rural areas, and them, we thank you for your kindness. 50． the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. 51．After all the passengers went aboard, the ship . 52．Everyone started laughing. I looked at them . 53．We can observe that artificial intelligence has already our lives in many ways. 54．By sorting rubbish, everyone can protecting the environment production. 55．The room he has just rented is about 9 meters and 3 meters wide. 汉译英 1．由你决定你想要怎样生活，并在你的饮食方面作出正确决定。(It is up to sb to do sth) 2．他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性酒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。 3．有些父母认为替孩子做决定是理所当然的，因为他们觉得孩子的能力远远不能让他们满意。(grant,far from) 4．尽管他在职业生涯中多次受伤，但他始终保持着决心和专注。 5．只有通过大喊，他才能让自己被听见。 6．好奇心驱使他打开窗户，查看声音从何而来。 7．鉴于市场竞争的激烈和经济环境的不确定性，我们需要采取一系列可行的措施，以便渡过难关。(given) 8．防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。(to do作主语) 9．也许了解西方艺术的最好方法是看看西方绘画几个世纪以来的发展。(to do作状语) 10．在钢琴演出前， Claire去了理发店剪了头发， 做了发型。（have…done) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 13选择性必修第四册教材词汇复习夯基 目录 Part one 词性转换 Part two 根据汉语提示单词拼写 Part three 选词填空 Part four 汉译英 词性转换 1．chemical adj.化学的 n. 化学物质→ n. 化学→ n. 化学家；药剂师；药房 2．house n. 房子 vt.给……提供住处→ n. 住房；住宅 3．ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ vi.&vt.成熟；使成熟 4．privilege n. 优惠待遇；特权→ adj.有特权的；受特别优待的 【答案】1． chemistry chemist 2．housing 3．ripen 4．privileged 5．account n. 账户；账目→ n. 会计；会计师 6．just adj.公正的；正义的；合理的→ n. 公平；公正；合理 7．greed n. 贪心；贪欲→ adj.贪婪的；贪心的→ adv.贪心地；贪婪地；贪吃地 8．wool n. 毛；毛线；毛料→ adj.毛的；毛料的；羊毛的 9．finance n. 资金；财政；金融 vt.提供资金→ adj.金融的；财政的 10．lawyer n. 律师→ n. 法律；法令；法规 【答案】5．accountant 6．justice 7． greedy greedily 8．woolen 9．financial 10．law 11．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→ adj.广泛的；广阔的→ n．延伸；扩大；延期 12．applaud vt.&vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→ n．掌声 13．man vt.给……配置(人员)；操纵(机器等)；在……岗位上工作→ adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的 14．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀→ n．杀人犯；杀人凶手 15．possess vt.拥有；具有；支配→ n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制 16．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→ v．覆盖；涉及；包含；采访，报道 n．封面，盖子 【答案】11． extensive extension 12．applause 13．manned 14．murderer 15．possession 16．cover 17．week n．星期→ adj.每周的 n．周刊 18．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→ n．计算；预测→ n．计算器 19．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布→ n．公告；宣言 20．urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→ adj.紧急的；紧迫的；催促的；急切的→ n．紧迫；急迫；急事；紧要 21．explode vi.&vt.爆炸；爆破→ n．爆炸；爆破(声) 22．random adj.随机的；不可思议的→ adv.随机地；任意地 【答案】17．weekly 18． calculation calculator 19．declaration 20． urgent urgency 21．explosion 22．randomly 23． vt. 扩展；使伸长；延长→extension n. 延伸；扩大 24． vt. 商定；达成（协议） vi. 谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n. 协议；谈判；磋商；协商 25． adj. 皇家的；王室的；高贵的→royally adv. 庄严地；像国王似的 【答案】23．extend 24．negotiate 25．royal 26． n. 创建；基础；地基→ vt.建立；创立→ n. 创建者；创办者；创始人 27． adj.政治的；政党的→ n. 政治 28． adj. 位于→ v. 位于； 确定……的位置→ n. 位置；所在地 【答案】26． foundation found founder 27． political politics 28． located locate location 29．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的→ n.慷慨，大方 30．humour n.幽默感→ adj.幽默的 31．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的→ n.焦虑，不安 32．distant adj.遥远的→ v.使与……保持距离；撇清和……的关系 33．fortune n.大笔的钱；巨款→ adj.幸运的→ adv.幸运地→[反义词] adj.不幸的 34．appoint v.任命；委派→ adj.约定的；指定的→ n.任命；约会 35．bitter adj.痛苦的，苦的→ adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→ n.苦味，苦难 36．shame n.羞愧→ adj.感到不好意思的；难为情的→ adj.可耻的 37．fold v.折叠，对折→ v.(卷着的东西)展开；打开 38．locate v.位于；确定……的位置→ n.地点；位置 39．surround vt.围绕；环绕→ n.周围的事物；环境→ adj.周围的；附近的 40．personal adj.个人的→ n.个性；性格→ adv.就自己而言 【答案】 29．generosity 30．humourous 31．anxiety 32．distance 33． fortunate fortunately unfortunate 34． appointed appointment 35． bitterly bitterness 36． ashamed shameful 37．unfold 38．location 39． surroundings surrounding 40． personality personally 41．association n. 协会，社团→ v. 联想，联系→ adj.关联的 42．shiny adj.光滑发亮的，闪光的→ v. 发出光；照射 43．muddy adj.沾满泥的，泥泞的→ n. 泥 44．sharpen v. 使提高，使改进；使变锋利→ adj.敏锐的；锋利的；（变化）急剧的，猛烈的；响亮的；严厉的　adv.（指时刻）整；向左/右急转→ n. 铅笔刀；磨具 45．expectation n. 预料，预期→ v. 预料；期待；期望；认为 46．remarkable adj.非凡的；不寻常的→ v. & n. 评论 47．vivid adj.生动的，逼真的→ adv.生动地，逼真地 48．assign v. 分配，分派→ n. 任务；职责 49．cooperation n. 合作，协作→ v. 合作→ adj.合作的 50．intense adj.紧张的，激烈的→ adv.强烈地；剧烈地 【答案】 41． associate associated 42．shine 43．mud 44． sharp sharpener 45．expect 46．remark 47．vividly 48．assignment 49． cooperate cooperative 50．intensely 51．affect vt.影响；侵袭，使感染；深深打动→ n．喜爱；影响 52．identify vt.找到，发现；确认，认出；显示，说明身份→ n．识别；鉴定；确认 53．abnormal adj.反常的，畸形的→ adj.正常的，标准的 54．arise vi.发生，出现；(由……)引起，(因……)产生→(过去式)   →(过去分词) 55．prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；使不可能→ n．禁止；禁令 56．resistance n．抵抗力；抵制，反对；抵抗，反抗→ v．抵抗；抗拒→ adj.抵抗的，反抗的 57．withdraw vi.& vt.脱离(社会)，不与人交往；(使)撤回；(使)退出；停止提供→(过去式) →(过去分词) 58．equip vt.配备；使有能力→(过去式) →(过去分词) → n．设备 59．grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的→ n．感谢；感激 60．disabled adj.有残疾的，丧失能力的→ n．缺陷，障碍 【答案】 51．affection 52．identification 53．normal 54． arose arisen 55．prohibition 56． resist resistant 57． withdrew withdrawn 58． equipped equipped equipment 59．gratitude 60．disability 根据汉语提示单词拼写 61．Reaching out across the sea is often a (混合，结合体) of danger and boredom. 【答案】mixture 【详解】考查名词。句意：跨越海洋往往是危险和无聊的混合体。根据汉语提示“混合，结合体”可知，此处使用名词mixture，结合a可知，应用名词单数形式，作表语。故填mixture。 62．Tell the men to (退出) from their new position. 【答案】withdraw 【详解】考查动词和动词不定式。句意：告诉那些人从他们的新阵地撤退。表示“退出”应用动词withdraw。tell sb to do意为“告诉某人做某事”，此处应用to do不定式作宾语补足语。故填withdraw。 63．I’ll (协商) with their coach on the date of the match. 【答案】negotiate 【详解】考查动词。句意：我将与他们的教练商讨比赛日期。根据“I’ll”及句意可知，空格处填动词原形，和will一起构成一般将来时态，“协商”的动词原形是negotiate。故填negotiate。 64．Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’ s (临时的) exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery. 【答案】temporary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那些观看修道院临时展览质量的人可能会认为他们是在城市画廊里，这是可以理解的。表示“临时的”应用形容词temporary作定语。故填temporary。 65．The sports meeting (推迟，延期) because of the bad weather last week. 【答案】was postponed/was delayed 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于上周的恶劣天气，运动会被推迟了。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填动词postpone/delay“推迟，延期”的适当形式，在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“last week”可知，句子为一般过去时，postpone/delay与主语“The sports meeting”构成动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子主语是“The sports meeting”，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填was postponed/delayed。 66．I forgot to have my computer (充电) last night. 【答案】charged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨晚我忘记给电脑充电了。根据汉语提示可知，表示“充电”的动词为charge。分析句子结构可知，该句的谓语是forgot，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词作补足语。动词charge与名词computer之间存在被动关系，应用过去分词做宾补。故填charged。 67．Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt (内疚的).   【答案】guilty 【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然这完全是无辜的，但克莱尔感到内疚。空格处用形容词作表语，“内疚的”的形容词是guilty，故填guilty。 68．Last week they (催促) the authority to approve plans for their education reform. 【答案】urged 【详解】考查动词。句意：上周，他们敦促当局批准他们的教育改革计划。根据汉语提示可知，urge“敦促”，动词，根据时间状语Last week可知句子用一般过去时，故填urged。 69．Judy had her car parked in an underground car park, where she could get her car battery (充电). 【答案】charged 【详解】考查动词。句意：Judy把车停在一个地下停车场里，那里可以给她的汽车电瓶充电。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词charge“充电”，空处在句中作宾语补足语，动词charge与宾语her car battery构成被动关系，故用过去分词的形式。故填charged。 70．She was so (启发) by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. 【答案】inspired 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：她被她在网上遇到的人所启发，她决定创办一个IT俱乐部，教老年人如何使用电脑和互联网。根据汉语提示“启发”可知，此处为动词inspire，she和inspire为被动关系，需用被动语态，已有be动词was，空处需填过去分词inspired。故填inspired。 71．I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at (随机的). 【答案】random 【详解】考查名词。句意：我坐在地板上，随便从书架上拿了几本书。at random随便地； 任意地。根据汉语提示及句意，故填random。 72．On hearing the news, she (爆炸) with anger. 【答案】exploded 【详解】考查动词。句意：一听到这个消息，她勃然大怒。表示“爆炸”用explode，此处explode作谓语动词，且表述的事情发生过了，故填exploded。 73．A (周刊) is a newspaper or magazine that is published every week. 【答案】weekly 【详解】考查名词。句意：周刊就是每周出版的报纸或杂志。根据空前的冠词a和汉语提示，此处应填weekly，周刊，在句子中作主语。故填weekly。 74．The government has (宣布) war on illiteracy. 【答案】declared 【详解】考查动词。句意：政府已宣布向文盲宣战。根据汉语提示可知应用动词declare，表示宣布战争或和平等外交或军事事件，结合has可知为现在完成时。故填declared。 75．The police firmly believed that the man was (有罪的) of the crime. 【答案】guilty 【详解】考查形容词。句意：警察坚信这个人犯了罪。根据汉语提示可知应用形容词guilty，作表语。故填guilty。 76．I had an (约定) with the science fiction writer at the cafeteria. 【答案】appointment 【详解】考查名词。句意：我和那个科幻作家约定在自助餐厅见面。根据汉语提示可知应用名词appointment，作宾语，不定冠词an提示用单数。故填appointment。 77．I still find it terrifying to find myself (包围) by large numbers of horses. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我仍然觉得自己被大量的马包围着很可怕。根据汉语提示可知，空处应用动词surround，句中已有谓语find，空处作非谓语动词，surround与逻辑主语myself之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。故填surrounded。 78．People doing experiments choose a (随机) sample of people to take part to make the results more reliable. 【答案】random 【详解】考查形容词。句意：做实验的人会随机选择一些人来参加，以使结果更可靠。此空位于名词之前，所以此处使用形容词作定语，根据提示的汉语，表示“随机”应为random修饰名词sample。故填random。 79．With all the necessities (购买), Mrs.Clark drove home directly. 【答案】purchased 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的必需品都买好了，克拉克直接开车回家。购买为purchase，与 necessities为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填purchased。 80．Some people say governments should give (优先)to health care. 【答案】priority 【详解】考查名词。句意：有人说政府应该优先考虑医疗保健。空处作give的宾语用名词，表示“优先”用priority，此处为不可数名词。故填priority。 81．The hotel’s new restaurant comes highly (推荐). 【答案】recommended 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这家饭店新开的餐厅受到高度赞扬。comes为系动词，空处作表语，restaurant与recommend“推荐”为被动关系，用过去分词。故填recommended。 82．Technological innovation, (结合) with good selling skills, will promote the sales of these products. 【答案】combined 【详解】考查动词。句意：技术创新，加上良好的销售技巧，将促进这些产品的销售。根据汉语提示可知应用动词combine，与Technological innovation构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填combined。 83．What delighted the fans was that Tom performed well in the table tennis (锦标赛). 【答案】tournament 【详解】考查名词。句意：使球迷们高兴的是汤姆在乒乓球锦标赛中表现出色。“锦标赛”应用名词tournament，作in的宾语，且此处特指这一场乒乓球锦标赛，tournament应用单数形式。故填tournament。 84．The dark (抛光) wood shone like glass. 【答案】polished 【详解】考查过去分词或形容词。句意：深色抛光的木头像玻璃一样闪闪发光。根据汉语提示可知，表示“抛光”的动词为polish，动词polish与名词wood之间是逻辑被动关系，空处应用过去分词转换而来形容词polished，作定语，修饰名词wood。故填polished。 85．It is widely known that full-time employees are (享有权利) to receive medical insurance. 【答案】entitled 【详解】考查动词。句意：众所周知，全职雇员有权享受医疗保险。“（使）享有权利”作谓语，用动词entitle，与主语employees之间是被动关系，用过去分词entitled与助动词are构成一般现在时的被动语态；be entitled to do“有资格做某事，有权做某事”。故填entitled。 86．When people build a house, they must ensure that the (地基) are strong to prevent sinking. 【答案】foundations 【详解】考查名词。句意：当人们建造房屋时，他们必须确保地基坚固，以防止下沉。设空处为名词作宾语从句主语，根据汉语提示可知，应用名词foundation，可数名词，系动词are提示应用复数形式。故填foundations。 87．The workman was disciplined by his company for making a big mistake but not (解雇). 【答案】dismissed 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这名工人因犯了一个大错误而受到公司的纪律处分，但没有被解雇。根据汉语提示可知，表示“解雇”的动词是dismiss，为并列谓语动词，和主语The workman是被动关系，结合was disciplined，用一般过去时的被动语态（was done），此处省略was，所以填过去分词dismissed。故填dismissed。 88．Good weather is an added (奖励) but the real appeal of the area is the fantastic variety of landscape. 【答案】bonus 【详解】考查名词。句意：好天气是一个额外的好处，但该地区真正吸引人的是各种各样的景观。“奖励”为bonus，单数名词作表语。故填bonus。 89．The director won’t see you unless you make an (预约) with him. 【答案】appointment 【详解】考查名词。句意：除非你和主任约好，否则他不会见你。根据单词汉语提示“预约”及空前的you make an可知，应填名词单数形式appointment，作宾语。故填appointment。 90．Seeing all my family and friends in the audience (为……鼓掌) me, I felt confident and grateful. 【答案】applaud/clap 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到我的家人和朋友在观众中为我鼓掌，我感到自信和感激。see sb do sth，意为“看见某人做某事”，表示看到的过程，用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，根据句意可知是看到的过程，结合汉语提示，故填applaud/clap。 选词填空 turn down    be composed of    take over        turn out conflict with    rely on    be absorbed in        give off 1．When a robot’s behavior the orders given by human beings, as is indicated in Three Laws of Robotics, it will pose a threat to human existence. 2．When something they truly like, people may enter the flow state (流畅心理状态) and lose their sense of time and have a feeling of satisfaction. 3．Phytoplankton (浮游植物) live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide into the ocean while oxygen. 4．At some point of life, one may feel the need to have someone , whether it is to help them out or just listen to their inner thoughts. 5． several tines, the gift for the house-warming party was finally accepted by my Chinese friend. 6．What you had expected to be an easy final exam to be a challenging one. 7．Last month Kalan was appointed by the board of directors the position of Helen, who retired as accountant at the time. 8．The rescue team, troops and medical workers from different countries, will be sent to the earthquake-stricken areas. 【答案】1．conflicts with 2．absorbed in 3．giving off 4．to rely on 5．Having been turned down 6．turned out 7．to take over 8．composed of 根据所给10个英语单句的意思，从所给的15个词汇中挑选出10个合适的词或短语分别给每个句子填空。 precious; rejected;  tending;  figures;  gathered; a great deal of ;  commercial ; absolutely;  afterwards;  suit; origins;  harvest;  climate;  appointing;  seek; 9．Festivals are becoming more and more , with business taking advantage of the celebrations. 10． , I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck. 11．The is mild all year round, meaning it is always a good time to visit. 12．Life is . To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired? 13．After effort, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street. 14．I enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. 15．Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of , such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. 16．She was more interested in patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. 17．This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been in. 18．There is Chinese food to everyone’s taste, with traditional dishes from all over China. 【答案】 9．commercial 10．Afterwards 11．climate 12．precious 13．a great deal of 14．Absolutely 15．origins 16．tending 17．gathered 18．suit 选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子，有两个单词为多余词。 automatic  disaster  resist  equip  divide  threaten  incredible 19．Such dangers can have outcomes not only for the sites themselves, but also for people. 20．Relative poverty did not prevent Martin from himself with an excellent education. 21．Cutting food intake by half is an difficult thing for anyone to do — it’s no wonder that losing weight is no easy task. 22．The more pesticides are used, the more the insects become; so the more pesticides have to be used. 23．There are among historians over when exactly the construction began, but no one can deny the fact that it is a magnificent building. 【答案】19．disastrous 20．equipping 21．incredibly 22．resistant 23．divisions 用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。 endangered   appointment    faithful    injury 24．She made a(n) for her son to see the doctor. 25．In the car crash, the two passengers escaped severe . 26．I need to keep my translation to the original text. 27．We must protect the animals before they become extinct. 【答案】24．appointment 25．injury 26．faithful 27．endangered 选词填空 expand upon     give in     pop up    out of reach     in memory of   against all odds  come up with    from then on  take over   catch up on     on behalf of    search for 28． from their natural predators, these newcomers flourish in their new city lives. 29．Experts felt it necessary a plan to remove all the rabbits. 30．He was there the soldiers who had died. 31．We were amazed to see that , both boys were still alive. 32．There are more than 3000 emojis that the way in which we communicate. 33．I emojis on my phone that would express the same message yesterday. 34．Jennifer the bookstore the day before yesterday. 35．As we can see, emojis have a tendency all over the world. 36．It was that his grandchildren started to be in control of what to do with their money. 37．I switched on my device and couldn’t resist news. 【答案】 28．Out of reach 29．to come up with 30．in memory of 31．against all odds 32．expand upon 33．searched for 34．took over 35．to pop up 36．from then on 37．catching up on A．absence    B．applaud    C． compose    D．controversial E. originality    F. professional    G. recognition    H. sensation I. square    J. sustenance    K. symbol    L. tailor 38．The idea of teaching has always seemed both honorable and horrible to me(too much work, too little money, no . 39．American people emphasize efficiency, competition and while Chinese people give priority to careful planning and encourage close cooperation and altruistic dedication among team members. 40．Teachers imagine they will improve outcomes if they their presentation to each student. 41．I was so confused that I could hardly my thoughts. 42．The discovery caused a , people associate the sea eel with live animals, but also did not express any doubt. 43．However, these disorders often remain throughout life due to neglect or of specific kind of treatment. 44．“The armed forces’ performance has been outstanding and I their commitment, courage and professionalism,” he said. 45．Silk quickly grew into a of status, and originally, only the royalty were entitled to have clothes made of silk. 46．Scientists have known for a while when a body becomes starved for , cells start eating bits and pieces of themselves. 47．As a result, most of us end up choosing excellence over personal achievement, and often we lose ourselves in the process. 【答案】 38．G 39．E 40．L 41．C 42．H 43．A 44．B 45．K 46．J 47．F set sail, in length, on behalf of, have an impact on, in panic, regardless of, contribute to, allow for 48．We have to the possibility that we might not finish this project on schedule. 49．You have donated so many books to the children in rural areas, and them, we thank you for your kindness. 50． the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. 51．After all the passengers went aboard, the ship . 52．Everyone started laughing. I looked at them . 53．We can observe that artificial intelligence has already our lives in many ways. 54．By sorting rubbish, everyone can protecting the environment production. 55．The room he has just rented is about 9 meters and 3 meters wide. 【答案】48．allow for 49．on behalf of 50．Regardless of 51．set sail 52．in panic 53．had an impact on 54．contribute to 55．in length 汉译英 1．由你决定你想要怎样生活，并在你的饮食方面作出正确决定。(It is up to sb to do sth) 【答案】It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decision about your diet. 【详解】考查固定句型。“由某人决定做某事”使用固定句型it is up to sb. to do sth.，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语，“决定”decide，“你想要怎样生活”译为how引导的宾语从句how you want to live，作动词decide的宾语，“在你的饮食方面作出正确决定”make the right decision about your diet，“决定你想要怎样生活”和“在你的饮食方面作出正确决定”是并列关系，使用并列连词and连接，均使用不定式形式作真正的主语。故翻译为It is up to you to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decision about your diet. 2．他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性酒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。 【答案】They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. 【详解】考查名词、形容词、固定短语和状语从句。句子可处理为由并列连词and连接的并列句；前一句介绍一般性的事实，时态宜用一般现在时，主语“他们”用代词they，“对待生活的态度简单直率、随性酒脱”可用动词短语have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life；后一句描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，主语“他们的友善和热情”可用名词短语their friendliness and warmth，“让我有宾至如归的感觉”可用动词短语made me feel at home，“无论走到哪里”可用wherever引导让步状语从句，“（我）走到哪里”译为I went。故可译为：They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. 3．有些父母认为替孩子做决定是理所当然的，因为他们觉得孩子的能力远远不能让他们满意。(grant,far from) 【答案】Some parents take it for granted to make decisions for their children because they feel that their children’s abilities are far from satisfactory to them. 【详解】考查固定短语和固定句型。“有些父母”可翻译为some parents在句中作主语，“认为……是理所当然的”可使用固定短语take it for granted to do sth.在句中作谓语，“孩子”可使用名词their children在句中作宾语。根据汉语提示可知，前后文为因果关系，因此可使用表示“因为”的连词because，“觉得”可翻译为feel，“孩子的能力远远不能让他们满意”可翻译为that引导的宾语从句，“孩子的能力”可翻译为their children’s abilities，“远远不能让人满意”可翻译为be far from satisfactory to。该句陈述一般事实，因此可使用一般现在时。故翻译为：Some parents take it for granted to make decisions for their children because they feel that their children's abilities are far from satisfactory to them.。 4．尽管他在职业生涯中多次受伤，但他始终保持着决心和专注。 【答案】Although he has been injured multiple times in his career, he has always maintained determination and focus. 【详解】考查让步状语从句、现在完成时。根据句意可知，本句为现在完成时态，“尽管”为although，引导让步状语从句，“他”为he是主语，“已经受伤”译为has been injured）是谓语，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，且主语he与injure之间为被动关系，应为现在完成时的被动语态，“多次”译为multiple times，“在他的职业生涯中”译为in his career，“一直保持”has always maintained、“决心和专注”determination and focus。故整句翻译为Although he has been injured multiple times in his career, he has always maintained determination and focus. 5．只有通过大喊，他才能让自己被听见。 【答案】Only by shouting can he make himself heard. 【详解】考查倒装句和非谓语动词。表示“只有”用only，放在开头，后面用部分倒装结构，表示“通过”用介词by，“大喊”用shout的动名词作by的宾语，情态动词can“能够”放在主语he之前，“让自己被听见”用make himself heard，heard为过去分词作宾补。故翻译为Only by shouting can he make himself heard. 6．好奇心驱使他打开窗户，查看声音从何而来。 【答案】Curiosity drove him to open the window and check where the sound came from. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和宾语从句。根据所给中文提示词，“好奇心”作主语，译为“curiosity”，“驱使”作谓语，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，译为“drove”，“他”作宾语，译为“him”，“打开窗户，查看”表目的，可用不定式作宾语补足语，译为“to open the window and check”，“声音从何而来”为宾语从句，根据句意，用where引导，“声音”作主语，意为“the sound”，“而来”作谓语，译为“came from”。故译为：Curiosity drove him to open the window and check where the sound came from. 7．鉴于市场竞争的激烈和经济环境的不确定性，我们需要采取一系列可行的措施，以便渡过难关。(given) 【答案】Given the fierce competition in the market and the uncertainty of the economic environment, we need to take a series of feasible measures to overcome the difficulties. 【详解】考查介词，形容词，名词，短语和不定式。“鉴于”是given，为介词，后面用名词短语，“市场竞争的激烈”是the fierce competition in the market，“……的不确定性”是the uncertainty of，“经济环境”是the economic environment，“和”用and，“需要做某事”是need to do sth.，“一系列的”是a series of，“可行的”是feasible，“采取一系列可行的措施”是take a series of feasible measures，“以便渡过难关”用不定式表目的，“渡过难关”也就是“克服困难”，是overcome the difficulties。故翻译为Given the fierce competition in the market and the uncertainty of the economic environment, we need to take a series of feasible measures to overcome the difficulties. 8．防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。(to do作主语) 【答案】To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。根据所给中文提示词以及题干要求可知，“防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活”为主语，用不定式形式，此处可用固定搭配：prevent sth from doing意为“阻止某物做某事”，“支配青少年的生活”译为“dominate a teenager’s life”，译为“To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life”，“是”作谓语，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为不定式，谓语动词使用单数，译为“is”，“至关重要的”作表语，译为“essential”。故译为：To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. 9．也许了解西方艺术的最好方法是看看西方绘画几个世纪以来的发展。(to do作状语) 【答案】To understand western art, maybe the best way is to look at the development of western painting over the centuries. 【详解】考查to do作状语及表语。根据题目要求，本句需要使用to do作状语，可以将“了解西方艺术”作为目的状语，翻译为to understand western art，句子剩下的部分作为主干，主语是“最好的办法”，翻译为the best way，系动词是is，使用一般现在时即可，表语是“看看……发展”，翻译为to look at the development of western painting over the centuries。故可翻译为To understand western art, maybe the best way is to look at the development of western painting over the centuries. 10．在钢琴演出前， Claire去了理发店剪了头发， 做了发型。（have…done) 【答案】Before the piano performance, Claire went to the barber’s to have her hair cut and styled. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。“在……前”可用介词before表示，其后跟名词作宾语；“钢琴演出”可表示为piano performance；“去理发店”可表示为go to the barber’s；“剪头发”和“做发型”可用have...done表示，过去分词作宾补，“剪”可表示为cut(过去分词为cut)，“做发型”可表示为style(过去分词为styled)，“头发”可表示为hair，再根据句意，Claire去理发店是为了剪头发和做发型，表示目的，所以这里应用不定式作目的状语。根据语境，这里表示过去发生的事情，句子应用一般过去时。故本句可翻译为：Before the piano performance, Claire went to the barber’s to have her hair cut and styled. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$