05选择性必修第二册教材词汇复习夯基（人教版2019）-2024年高二英语培优提升暑假作业

05选择性必修第二册教材词汇复习夯基 目录 Part one 词性转换 Part two 根据汉语提示单词拼写 Part three 选词填空 Part foue 翻译 词性转换 1．adapt v. (使)适应；改编→ n. 适应；改编本 2．comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰→ adj.令人舒适的；舒服的→ adj.不舒服的；不安的→ adv.舒服地；舒适地 3．engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；订婚；(使)参加；吸引；雇用→ adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→ n. 婚约；约会；约定 4．reason n. 理由；原因；道理→ adj.有道理的；合情理的 5．behave vt.表现vi.&vt.表现得体；有礼貌→ n. 行为；举止；习性 6．surround v. 包围；围绕→ adj.周围的；附近的→ n. [pl.]环境；周围的事物 7．strong adj.强壮的；结实的→ n. 力气；力量；强项→ vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固 8．competent adj.有能力的；称职的→ n. 能力；胜任；本领 9．cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合→ n. 合作 10．prior adj.先前的；优先的→ n. 优先事项；优先权 11．except prep. 除……外→ n. 例外；例外的人、事→ adj.特别的；罕见的 12．stable adj. 稳定的；稳重的→ adv. 稳定地；平稳地 13．modest adj. 些许的；谦虚的；朴素的→ n. 谦虚；朴素 14．trick n. 诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.欺骗→ adj.棘手的；难对付的 15．breath n.呼吸的空气；呼吸→ adj.气喘吁吁的→ v.呼吸 16．mist n.薄雾；水汽→ adj.多雾的；模糊的 17．advertise v.做广告；登广告；宣传→ n. (informal ad) 广告；启事→ n.广告商 18．photograph n.照片 vt.给……照相→ n.摄影师；拍照者→ n.摄影；摄影术 19．frost n. 霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt. 使蒙上霜 vi. 结霜→ adj. 结霜的；霜冻的 20．severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→ adv. 极为恶劣地；十分严重地；严厉地 21．infect vt.使感染；传染→ n．感染；传染 22．pure adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ adv. 完全地；纯粹地；仅仅→ vt. 净化；使……洁净 23．transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→ n．转化；转换；变换；变化 24．think v．认为；思考→ n．思想；思维；见解 25．find v．发现→ n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决 26．initial adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的→ adv. 最初地 27．assist vt.&vi.帮助；协助；援助→ n．帮助；协助；援助→ n．助理；助手 28．please vt. & vi. （使）高兴；（使）满意→ adj. 令人愉快的；友好的→ adj. 高兴的；满意的→ adj. 令人愉快的→ n. 快乐；乐趣 29．mass n. 团；堆；许多；大量→ adj. 巨大的；非常严重的 30．breath n. 呼吸的空气→ adj. 气喘吁吁的→ vt. & vi. 呼吸 31．freeze vi. & vt. (froze，frozen) 结冰；（使）冻住→ adj. 极冷的；冰冻的→ adj. 结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的 32．frost n. 霜；严寒天气；霜冻vt. 使蒙上霜 vi. 结霜→ adj. 结霜的；霜冻的 33．astonish vt. 使十分惊讶；使吃惊→ adj. 惊人的；令人惊讶的→ adj. 感到惊讶的→ n. 惊讶 34．mist n. 薄雾；水汽→ adj. 多雾的；模糊的 35．advertise vi. & vt. （为……）做广告/宣传；征聘→ n. (informal ad) 广告；启事→ n. 广告商 36．photograph n. 照片 vt.（为……）拍照 vi. 上相，上镜→ n. 摄影师；拍照者→ n. 摄影；摄影术 37．comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt. 安慰；抚慰→ adj. 舒适的；舒服的→ adj. 不舒服的；不安的→ adv. 舒服地；舒适地 38．adapt v.（使）适应；改编→ n. 适应；改编本 39．engage vi. 参加；参与（活动） vt. 吸引（注意力、兴趣）；雇用→ adj. 忙于；从事于；已订婚的→ n. 订婚；约定 40．reason n. 理由→ adj. 有道理的；合情理的 41．behave vt. 表现vi. & vt. 表现得体；有礼貌→ n. 行为；举止；习性 42．surround v. 包围；环绕→ adj. 周围的；附近的→ n. [pl.]环境；周围的事物 43．strong adj. 强壮的；结实的→ n. 力气；力量；强项→ vi. & vt. 加强；增强；巩固 44．competent adj. 有能力的；称职的→ n. 能力；胜任；本领 45．cooperate vi. 合作；协作；配合→ n. 合作 46．severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→ adv. 极为恶劣地；十分严重地；严厉地 47．infect vt. 使感染；传染→ n. 感染；传染 48．pure adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ adv. 仅仅；完全→ vt. 净化；使纯净→ n. 纯净；纯洁 49．transform vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi. 改变；转变→ n. 转化；转换；变换；改革 50．think v. 认为；思考→ n. 思想；思维；见解 51．find v. 发现→ n. 发现；调查结果；(法律)判决 52．initial adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的→ adv. 最初地 53．assist vt. 帮助；协助；援助→ n. 帮助；协助→ n. 助理；助手 54．minor adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的→ n. 少数；少数民族 55．electric adj. 电的；用电的；电动的→ adj. 与电有关的→ n. 电 56．swell vi. (swelled, swollen) 膨胀；肿胀→ adj. （身体部位）肿起的；肿胀的 57．bleed vi. (bled，bled)流血；失血→ n. 流血；失血 58．desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→ adv. 绝望地；孤注一掷地→ n. 绝望 59．practice n. & v. 练习；实践→ adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的 60．tight adj. 牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的；（经济）紧张的 adv. 紧紧地；牢固地→ adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→ vt. （使）变紧；（使）加紧 根据汉语提示单词拼写 61． (背诵) poems not only enriches my knowledge, but also makes my job less boring. 62．John had always (妒忌) his sister her youth and strength. 63．Persons present stood to (鼓掌) his unforgettable act of courage. 64．He was late for the conference because his flight was (耽搁;推迟) 65．She (惊慌) and ran away as fast as she could when seeing the snake. 66．The task requires a good comprehension of (复杂的) instructions. 67．I made this skirt just by (缝) two pieces of material together. 68．As a candidate for the position, she had to demonstrate not only her exceptional (资历) and vast experience in the field but also her ability to handle the pressure. 69．As an exchange student, you are (一定会) to encounter countless challenges and difficulties. 70．Over 100 students had been (说服) to stop using social media for seven days 71． (跳过) breakfast frequently does harm to our health. 72． (和……相反) to popular belief, his motive to quit his job is that he is under depression. 73．When you download an application, it may be in a compressed (格式), such as a zip file. 74．Mary is in a bad mood, so don’t (取笑) her. 75．The story of Katalin Karikó, who was awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize for medicine, will (激励) young people to hold on to their dreams and never give up. 76．What’s worse, only one of the (申请者) would be granted the permission. 77．Realizing the trick, she let out a cry of (吃惊). 78．I suggest you make your article reasonable and (有条理的). 79．I’d like to propose a (干杯) to your participation. 80．I’m afraid I lost my temper yesterday. I think I (欠) you an apology. 选词填空 请从方框中选择合适的单词，填入句中。单词无需变化形式，有两个单词是多余的。 owe, advertising, combine, dismiss, abandon, adaptations, available, contribution, inefficient, approved, witnessing, acquire 81．It seems obvious now how we knowledge and understanding by questioning observing, considering, and validating to find the most suitable answers. 82．At first, people of his studies and urged him to continue, but later they became angry and put him in prison. 83．We so much of our knowledge and understanding of the world to great people. 84．One disadvantage is that there is so much diverse information . hence it can be difficult to find the right information and to decide if the information can be trusted. 85．Figuring out what to acknowledge and what to on the Internet is really challenging. 86．Some sites are bringing the news directly from the people who are experiencing or it, on the spot of a car accident for example. 87．One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film 88．To stand out, they must the highest standard of design with creative ways to make people believe they “must have the product”. 89．The industry started with the fundamental purpose of promoting and selling goods to people who might need them. 90．However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit. Some advertisements nowadays aim to make a to society and welfare. 请从下面方框里选择适当的短语并用其适当形式填空（其中有两个短语是多余的） come as no surprise   corresponds to   is superior to   are bound to in store for       subscribe to    weigh up 91．The lazy bird had nothing the winter, so he had to starve. 92．The content of the book what our teacher said in class. 93．You should the consequences before making this decision. 94．With a good command of English and computer skills, she other candidates. 95．Some people are strongly opposed to name the college building after the famous brand, while others it. 根据语境选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个单词为多余单词。 bound; emerge; rely on; in particular; stressed out; abuse; decide on; proceed to; be fond of; be worth of 96．After talking about the budget, we will the staffing issues. 97．The train for New York is piled with goods. 98．Besides, with the development of the new industry, there also problem. 99．I always showed my respect and love to the old, my grandparents . 100．I performing and I used to take an active part in our class plays. 101．When you feel , try a short trip with friends. 102．We all think it wrong to one’s power to meet one’s private needs. 103．Have you which one to choose ? be desperate for  help sb. to one’s feet  get into a panic  stand by  in panic 104．How can I and see him hurt and lying on the ground? 105．The old man fell to the ground. After making sure that he was in good condition, I managed to . 106．The volcano erupted violently, leaving all the people in the nearby village . all the way  give way to  be bound to  start out  on the way  out of breath  be home to 107．Under no circumstances shall they difficulties when exploring the Antarctic. 108．After gathering together at 7:30 a. m. we for Hope Farm to help the farmers pick peaches last Sunday. 109．You needn’t have come here through the thick snow last night. There was nothing important. 110．He hurried to the railway station , only to be told that the train had been away for half an hour. 111．Have you ever heard of the trees that animals both on land and sea? 翻译 112．他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性酒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。 113．约翰已经两次跑步测试没有通过了，还扭伤了脚裸，他似乎正对自己失去信心。(seem) 114．全班同学都应该积极参与这些讨论。（汉译英） 【答案】Everyone in the class is expected to actively participate in/join in/engage in/take part in these discussions. 115．人们通常认为，那些具有高智商的人能在短时间内理解抽象的概念，作出区分，从而得出正确的结论。(believe) 116．防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。(to do作主语) 117．因为不知道要做什么，当那个老人摔倒的时候Kathy愣在原地。（-ing作原因状语） 118．在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染。 119．扔下重型装备会帮助你跑得更快，从而减少在雪崩(avalanche)时被埋在雪里的可能性。(thus) 120．沉迷于刷网红短视频使她学习时总心不在焉。(distract) 121．我们队本以为一定能卫冕冠军，不料却目睹对手在最后一分钟扭转乾坤。(only to) 31 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 05选择性必修第二册教材词汇复习夯基 目录 Part one 词性转换 Part two 根据汉语提示单词拼写 Part three 选词填空 Part foue 翻译 词性转换 1．adapt v. (使)适应；改编→ n. 适应；改编本 2．comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰→ adj.令人舒适的；舒服的→ adj.不舒服的；不安的→ adv.舒服地；舒适地 3．engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；订婚；(使)参加；吸引；雇用→ adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的→ n. 婚约；约会；约定 4．reason n. 理由；原因；道理→ adj.有道理的；合情理的 5．behave vt.表现vi.&vt.表现得体；有礼貌→ n. 行为；举止；习性 6．surround v. 包围；围绕→ adj.周围的；附近的→ n. [pl.]环境；周围的事物 7．strong adj.强壮的；结实的→ n. 力气；力量；强项→ vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固 8．competent adj.有能力的；称职的→ n. 能力；胜任；本领 9．cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合→ n. 合作 【答案】1．adaptation 2． comfortable uncomfortable comfortably 3． engaged engagement 4．reasonable 5．behaviour 6． surrounding surroundings 7． strength strengthen 8．competence 9．cooperation 10．prior adj.先前的；优先的→ n. 优先事项；优先权 11．except prep. 除……外→ n. 例外；例外的人、事→ adj.特别的；罕见的 12．stable adj. 稳定的；稳重的→ adv. 稳定地；平稳地 13．modest adj. 些许的；谦虚的；朴素的→ n. 谦虚；朴素 14．trick n. 诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.欺骗→ adj.棘手的；难对付的 【答案】10．priority 11． exception exceptional 12．stably 13．modesty 14．tricky 15．breath n.呼吸的空气；呼吸→ adj.气喘吁吁的→ v.呼吸 16．mist n.薄雾；水汽→ adj.多雾的；模糊的 17．advertise v.做广告；登广告；宣传→ n. (informal ad) 广告；启事→ n.广告商 18．photograph n.照片 vt.给……照相→ n.摄影师；拍照者→ n.摄影；摄影术 19．frost n. 霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt. 使蒙上霜 vi. 结霜→ adj. 结霜的；霜冻的 【答案】15． breathless breathe 16．misty 17． advertisement advertiser 18． photographer photography 19．frosty 20．severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→ adv. 极为恶劣地；十分严重地；严厉地 21．infect vt.使感染；传染→ n．感染；传染 22．pure adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ adv. 完全地；纯粹地；仅仅→ vt. 净化；使……洁净 23．transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→ n．转化；转换；变换；变化 24．think v．认为；思考→ n．思想；思维；见解 25．find v．发现→ n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决 26．initial adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的→ adv. 最初地 27．assist vt.&vi.帮助；协助；援助→ n．帮助；协助；援助→ n．助理；助手 【答案】20．severely 21．infection 22． purely purify 23．transformation 24．thinking 25．finding 26．initially 27． assistance assistant 28．please vt. & vi. （使）高兴；（使）满意→ adj. 令人愉快的；友好的→ adj. 高兴的；满意的→ adj. 令人愉快的→ n. 快乐；乐趣 29．mass n. 团；堆；许多；大量→ adj. 巨大的；非常严重的 30．breath n. 呼吸的空气→ adj. 气喘吁吁的→ vt. & vi. 呼吸 31．freeze vi. & vt. (froze，frozen) 结冰；（使）冻住→ adj. 极冷的；冰冻的→ adj. 结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的 32．frost n. 霜；严寒天气；霜冻vt. 使蒙上霜 vi. 结霜→ adj. 结霜的；霜冻的 33．astonish vt. 使十分惊讶；使吃惊→ adj. 惊人的；令人惊讶的→ adj. 感到惊讶的→ n. 惊讶 34．mist n. 薄雾；水汽→ adj. 多雾的；模糊的 35．advertise vi. & vt. （为……）做广告/宣传；征聘→ n. (informal ad) 广告；启事→ n. 广告商 36．photograph n. 照片 vt.（为……）拍照 vi. 上相，上镜→ n. 摄影师；拍照者→ n. 摄影；摄影术 【答案】28． pleasant pleased pleasing pleasure 29．massive 30． breathless breathe 31． freezing frozen 32．frosty 33． astonishing astonished astonishment 34．misty 35． advertisement advertiser 36． photographer photography 37．comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt. 安慰；抚慰→ adj. 舒适的；舒服的→ adj. 不舒服的；不安的→ adv. 舒服地；舒适地 38．adapt v.（使）适应；改编→ n. 适应；改编本 39．engage vi. 参加；参与（活动） vt. 吸引（注意力、兴趣）；雇用→ adj. 忙于；从事于；已订婚的→ n. 订婚；约定 40．reason n. 理由→ adj. 有道理的；合情理的 41．behave vt. 表现vi. & vt. 表现得体；有礼貌→ n. 行为；举止；习性 42．surround v. 包围；环绕→ adj. 周围的；附近的→ n. [pl.]环境；周围的事物 43．strong adj. 强壮的；结实的→ n. 力气；力量；强项→ vi. & vt. 加强；增强；巩固 44．competent adj. 有能力的；称职的→ n. 能力；胜任；本领 45．cooperate vi. 合作；协作；配合→ n. 合作 【答案】37． comfortable uncomfortable comfortably 38．adaptation 39． engaged engagement 40．reasonable 41．behavior/behaviour 42． surrounding surroundings 43． strength strengthen 44．competence 45．cooperation 46．severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的→ adv. 极为恶劣地；十分严重地；严厉地 47．infect vt. 使感染；传染→ n. 感染；传染 48．pure adj. 干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ adv. 仅仅；完全→ vt. 净化；使纯净→ n. 纯净；纯洁 49．transform vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi. 改变；转变→ n. 转化；转换；变换；改革 50．think v. 认为；思考→ n. 思想；思维；见解 51．find v. 发现→ n. 发现；调查结果；(法律)判决 52．initial adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的→ adv. 最初地 53．assist vt. 帮助；协助；援助→ n. 帮助；协助→ n. 助理；助手 【答案】46．severely 47．infection 48． purely purify purity 49．transformation 50．thinking 51．finding 52．initially 53． assistance assistant 54．minor adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的→ n. 少数；少数民族 55．electric adj. 电的；用电的；电动的→ adj. 与电有关的→ n. 电 56．swell vi. (swelled, swollen) 膨胀；肿胀→ adj. （身体部位）肿起的；肿胀的 57．bleed vi. (bled，bled)流血；失血→ n. 流血；失血 58．desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→ adv. 绝望地；孤注一掷地→ n. 绝望 59．practice n. & v. 练习；实践→ adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的 60．tight adj. 牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的；（经济）紧张的 adv. 紧紧地；牢固地→ adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→ vt. （使）变紧；（使）加紧 【答案】54．minority 55． electrical electricity 56．swollen 57．bleeding 58． desperately desperation 59．practical 60． tightly tighten 根据汉语提示单词拼写 61． (背诵) poems not only enriches my knowledge, but also makes my job less boring. 【答案】Reciting 【详解】考查动名词。句意：背诵诗歌不仅丰富了我的知识，也使我的工作不那么无聊。根据汉语提示可知，应是动词“recite”，且该部分在句中作主语，用动名词形式，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Reciting。 62．John had always (妒忌) his sister her youth and strength. 【答案】envied 【详解】考查动词。句意：约翰一直妒忌妹妹的年轻和体力。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填动词envy“妒忌”，由had可知，句子应用过去完成时，空处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填envied。 63．Persons present stood to (鼓掌) his unforgettable act of courage. 【答案】applaud 【详解】考查动词。句意：在场的人起立为他令人难忘的勇气行为鼓掌。根据汉语提示“鼓掌”，以及句子结构可知，此处需要动词applaud构成不定式充当目的状语，此处缺少动词原形。故填applaud。 64．He was late for the conference because his flight was (耽搁;推迟) 【答案】delayed 【详解】考查动词和语态。句意：他开会迟到了，因为他的航班延误了。设空处为谓语动词，和前面的was构成一般过去时的被动语态，根据汉语提示可知是delay，应用过去分词形式，故填delayed。 65．She (惊慌) and ran away as fast as she could when seeing the snake. 【答案】panicked 【详解】考查动词。句意：当她看到那条蛇时，她惊慌失措，以最快的速度逃跑了。根据汉语提示和句意可知，此处使用动词panic，设空处为谓语动词，根据下文的ran away可知，应用一般过去时。故填panicked。 66．The task requires a good comprehension of (复杂的) instructions. 【答案】complicated/complex 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这项任务需要对复杂的指令有很好的理解能力。复杂的为complicated/complex作定语，修饰名词。故填complicated/complex。 67．I made this skirt just by (缝) two pieces of material together. 【答案】sewing 【详解】考查动词。句意：我只是把两块布料缝在一起就做出了这条裙子。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词sew“缝”。此处需要动名词的形式作介词的宾语。故填sewing。 68．As a candidate for the position, she had to demonstrate not only her exceptional (资历) and vast experience in the field but also her ability to handle the pressure. 【答案】qualifications 【详解】考查名词。句意：作为该职位的候选人，她不仅要证明自己在该领域的卓越资格和丰富经验，还要证明她应对压力的能力。根据汉语提示“资历”可知，此处使用可数名词qualification，结合exceptional和vast experience可知，qualification应用复数形式，作demonstrate的宾语，且该词多用复数形式。故填qualifications。 69．As an exchange student, you are (一定会) to encounter countless challenges and difficulties. 【答案】bound 【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名交换生，你一定会遇到无数的挑战和困难。空处应用形容词作表语。根据汉语提示和空后的to encounter...可知，这里应用bound，be bound to do...意为“一定会做……”。故填bound。 70．Over 100 students had been (说服) to stop using social media for seven days 【答案】persuaded 【详解】考查动词。句意：100多名学生被劝说停止使用社交媒体7天。根据所给中文提示词，应是persuade意为“说服”，和主语students之间是被动关系，空前已有had been，空处填过去分词形式。故填persuaded。 71． (跳过) breakfast frequently does harm to our health. 【答案】Skipping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：经常不吃早餐对我们的健康有害。“跳过”用动词skip，作主语，用动名词skipping，句首单词首字母大写。故填Skipping。 72． (和……相反) to popular belief, his motive to quit his job is that he is under depression. 【答案】Contrary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与普遍的看法相反，他辞职的原因是他患有抑郁症。根据提示的汉语，表示“和……相反”应为contrary to，分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词短语作状语，位于句首，所以contrary的首字母需大写。故填Contrary。 73．When you download an application, it may be in a compressed (格式), such as a zip file. 【答案】format 【详解】考查名词。句意：当你下载一个应用程序时，它可能是一种压缩格式，比如zip文件。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词format“格式”，在句中作介词in的宾语。故填format。 74．Mary is in a bad mood, so don’t (取笑) her. 【答案】tease 【详解】考查动词。句意：玛丽心情不好，所以不要取笑她。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词tease“取笑”。本句话为祈使句的否定形式，所以该动词需要用原形。故填tease。 75．The story of Katalin Karikó, who was awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize for medicine, will (激励) young people to hold on to their dreams and never give up. 【答案】motivate 【详解】考查动词。句意：2023年诺贝尔医学奖获得者卡塔琳·卡里科的故事将激励年轻人坚持自己的梦想，永不放弃。“激励”为动词motivate，由will可知，应用动词原形，故填motivate。 76．What’s worse, only one of the (申请者) would be granted the permission. 【答案】applicants 【详解】考查名词。句意：更糟糕的是，只有其中一个申请者会获得许可。根据汉语提示及“one of the”可知，空处需填名词复数，applicant作名词，表示“申请人”，符合句意。故填applicants。 77．Realizing the trick, she let out a cry of (吃惊). 【答案】astonishment 【详解】考查名词。句意：她意识到这是恶作剧，惊讶地叫了一声。结合“Realizing the trick”可知，“吃惊”应用名词astonishment，侧重一种令人震惊和吃惊的感觉，作of的宾语，为不可数名词。故填astonishment。 78．I suggest you make your article reasonable and (有条理的). 【答案】coherent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我建议你让你的文章既合理又有条理。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要形容词coherent“有条理的”。该形容词和reasonable并列作宾语补足语。故填coherent。 79．I’d like to propose a (干杯) to your participation. 【答案】toast 【详解】考查名词。句意：我想为你的参与举杯祝贺。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填入“toast”，意为“干杯”，是一个名词，在句中作宾语。“propose a toast to”为固定短语，意思是“为……举杯祝酒”。故填toast。 80．I’m afraid I lost my temper yesterday. I think I (欠) you an apology. 【答案】owe 【详解】考查动词。句意：恐怕我昨天发脾气了。我觉得我欠你一个道歉。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词owe“欠钱”，在宾语从句中作谓语。句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。主语为I，动词用原形。故填owe。 选词填空 请从方框中选择合适的单词，填入句中。单词无需变化形式，有两个单词是多余的。 owe, advertising, combine, dismiss, abandon, adaptations, available, contribution, inefficient, approved, witnessing, acquire 81．It seems obvious now how we knowledge and understanding by questioning observing, considering, and validating to find the most suitable answers. 82．At first, people of his studies and urged him to continue, but later they became angry and put him in prison. 83．We so much of our knowledge and understanding of the world to great people. 84．One disadvantage is that there is so much diverse information . hence it can be difficult to find the right information and to decide if the information can be trusted. 85．Figuring out what to acknowledge and what to on the Internet is really challenging. 86．Some sites are bringing the news directly from the people who are experiencing or it, on the spot of a car accident for example. 87．One may think that it is the book writer who is in the best position to do film 88．To stand out, they must the highest standard of design with creative ways to make people believe they “must have the product”. 89．The industry started with the fundamental purpose of promoting and selling goods to people who might need them. 90．However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit. Some advertisements nowadays aim to make a to society and welfare. 【答案】 81．acquire 82．approved 83．owe 84．available 85．abandon 86．witnessing 87．adaptations 88．combine 89．advertising 90．contribution 请从下面方框里选择适当的短语并用其适当形式填空（其中有两个短语是多余的） come as no surprise   corresponds to   is superior to   are bound to in store for       subscribe to    weigh up 91．The lazy bird had nothing the winter, so he had to starve. 92．The content of the book what our teacher said in class. 93．You should the consequences before making this decision. 94．With a good command of English and computer skills, she other candidates. 95．Some people are strongly opposed to name the college building after the famous brand, while others it. 【答案】91．in store for 92．corresponds to 93．weigh up 94．is superior to 95．subscribe to 根据语境选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个单词为多余单词。 bound; emerge; rely on; in particular; stressed out; abuse; decide on; proceed to; be fond of; be worth of 96．After talking about the budget, we will the staffing issues. 97．The train for New York is piled with goods. 98．Besides, with the development of the new industry, there also problem. 99．I always showed my respect and love to the old, my grandparents . 100．I performing and I used to take an active part in our class plays. 101．When you feel , try a short trip with friends. 102．We all think it wrong to one’s power to meet one’s private needs. 103．Have you which one to choose ? 【答案】96．proceed to 97．bound 98．emerged 99．in particular 100．was fond of 101．stressed out 102．abuse 103．decided on be desperate for  help sb. to one’s feet  get into a panic  stand by  in panic 104．How can I and see him hurt and lying on the ground? 105．The old man fell to the ground. After making sure that he was in good condition, I managed to . 106．The volcano erupted violently, leaving all the people in the nearby village . 【答案】104．stand by 105．help him to his feet 106．in panic all the way  give way to  be bound to  start out  on the way  out of breath  be home to 107．Under no circumstances shall they difficulties when exploring the Antarctic. 108．After gathering together at 7:30 a. m. we for Hope Farm to help the farmers pick peaches last Sunday. 109．You needn’t have come here through the thick snow last night. There was nothing important. 110．He hurried to the railway station , only to be told that the train had been away for half an hour. 111．Have you ever heard of the trees that animals both on land and sea? 【答案】107．give way to 108．started out 109．all the way 110．out of breath 111．are home to 翻译 112．他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性酒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。 【答案】They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. 【详解】考查名词、形容词、固定短语和状语从句。句子可处理为由并列连词and连接的并列句；前一句介绍一般性的事实，时态宜用一般现在时，主语“他们”用代词they，“对待生活的态度简单直率、随性酒脱”可用动词短语have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life；后一句描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，主语“他们的友善和热情”可用名词短语their friendliness and warmth，“让我有宾至如归的感觉”可用动词短语made me feel at home，“无论走到哪里”可用wherever引导让步状语从句，“（我）走到哪里”译为I went。故可译为：They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. 113．约翰已经两次跑步测试没有通过了，还扭伤了脚裸，他似乎正对自己失去信心。(seem) 【答案】John seems to be losing confidence in himself after failing the running tests twice and twisting his ankle. 【详解】考查名词、动词、时态、不定式和介词短语。分析句子可知，“约翰已经两次跑步测试没有通过了，还扭伤了脚裸”是时间状语，用介词after构成介词短语作时间状语，“两次跑步测试没有通过”用fail the running tests twice表示，“扭伤了脚裸”用twisting his ankle表示，用并列连词and连接，在介词after后用动名词形式failing the running tests twice and twisting his ankle作宾语；“他似乎正对自己失去信心”是句子主干，主语“他”即“约翰”，用专有名词John，“似乎”作谓语，用系动词seem，描述主语现在的状态用一般现在时，单数形式，“正对自己失去信心”作表语，用不定式短语to be losing confidence in himself，其中使用了不定式的进行式，表示动作正在发生。综上， 全句译为：John seems to be losing confidence in himself after failing the running tests twice and twisting his ankle. 114．全班同学都应该积极参与这些讨论。（汉译英） 【答案】Everyone in the class is expected to actively participate in/join in/engage in/take part in these discussions. 【详解】考查动词、副词和动词短语以及名词。根据句意，表示“全班同学”应为everyone in the class作主语，位于句首，everyone的首字母需大写，表示“应该”应为be expected to，根据句意，该句描述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，everyone作主语谓语动词为单数，所以be动词为is，表示“积极”应为actively作状语修饰“参与”，表示“参与”应为participate in/join in/engage in/take part in，位于不定式符号to之后，所以使用动词原形，表示“这些讨论”应为these discussions作宾语。故翻译为Everyone in the class is expected to actively participate in/join in/engage in/take part in these discussions. 115．人们通常认为，那些具有高智商的人能在短时间内理解抽象的概念，作出区分，从而得出正确的结论。(believe) 【答案】It is generally believed that people with high IQ can grasp abstract concepts, make distinctions and draw correct conclusions in a short time. 【详解】考查固定句型、动词（短语）、形容词和名词。描述一般事实，用一般现在时。“人们通常认为”用固定句型it is generally believed that，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句；从句中主语“具有高智商的人”译为people with high IQ，“能”用情态动词can，后接动词原形，“理解抽象的概念”译为动词短语grasp abstract concepts，“作出区分”译为动词短语make distinctions，“得出正确的结论”译为动词短语draw correct conclusions，“从而”表示顺承关系，应用连词and，“在短时间内”译为介词短语in a short time。故翻译为It is generally believed that people with high IQ can grasp abstract concepts, make distinctions and draw correct conclusions in a short time. 116．防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。(to do作主语) 【答案】To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。根据所给中文提示词以及题干要求可知，“防止像这样的有害习惯支配青少年的生活”为主语，用不定式形式，此处可用固定搭配：prevent sth from doing意为“阻止某物做某事”，“支配青少年的生活”译为“dominate a teenager’s life”，译为“To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life”，“是”作谓语，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为不定式，谓语动词使用单数，译为“is”，“至关重要的”作表语，译为“essential”。故译为：To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager’s life is essential. 117．因为不知道要做什么，当那个老人摔倒的时候Kathy愣在原地。（-ing作原因状语） 【答案】Not knowing what to do, Kathy froze when the old man fell. 【详解】考查现在分词、“疑问词+不定式”和状语从句。表示“愣在原地”应为freeze，根据句意，该句描述的为过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词应为froze，表示“当那个老人摔倒的时候”应为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应为when，表示“那个老人”应为the old man作状语从句的主语，表示“摔倒”应为fall，且用于一般过去时，时间状语从句的谓语动词应为fell，所以，表示“当那个老人摔倒的时候Kathy愣在原地”应译为Kathy froze when the old man fell；根据提示和句意，表示“因为不知道要做什么”应为现在分词短语作原因状语，表示“知道”应为know，与逻辑主语Kathy之间为主动关系，所以此处使用knowing，其否定形式为not knowing，表示“要做什么”应为“疑问词+不定式”结构，即what to do作knowing的宾语，原因状语位于句首，所以not的首字母需大写。故翻译为Not knowing what to do, Kathy froze when the old man fell. 118．在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取，因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染。 【答案】 Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和原因状语从句。根据所给中文提示词，“在受伤处涂抹油膏不可取”可用固定搭配：apply...to…意为“把……敷于……”，此处可用动名词作主语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，译为“Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea”，“因为这会阻碍伤口散热，而且可能引发感染”可用as引导的原因状语从句，主语为“it”代指前文提到的事，“会阻碍伤口散热”描述可能得状态，用一般将来时，译为“will keep the heat in the wounds”，“而且可能引发感染”为前句的并列句，用and连接，译为“and may cause infection”。故译为：Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. 119．扔下重型装备会帮助你跑得更快，从而减少在雪崩(avalanche)时被埋在雪里的可能性。(thus) 【答案】Dropping heavy gear will help you run faster, thus reducing the likelihood of getting buried in the snow in the event of an avalanche. 【详解】考查非谓语。扔下重型装备为dropping heavy gear，动名词作主语，会为will，帮助为help，你为you, 跑得更快为run faster。减少在雪崩时被埋在雪里的可能性为reduce the likelihood of getting buried in the snow in the event of an avalanche,与上句话为主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语。故翻译为：Dropping heavy gear will help you run faster, thus reducing the likelihood of getting buried in the snow in the event of an avalanche. 120．沉迷于刷网红短视频使她学习时总心不在焉。(distract) 【答案】Being addicted to watching short videos of online celebrities always distracts her while studying. 【详解】考查固定短语，动名词和时态。表示沉迷于译为“be addicted to”，作主语，应用动名词形式，表示刷网红短视频译为“watch short videos of online celebrities”，接在介词to后，应用动名词，表示使某人分心译为“distract”，作谓语，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语动名词，谓语用第三人称单数，总译为“always”，表示她译为“her”，作宾语，学习时译为“while studying”，故翻译为Being addicted to watching short videos of online celebrities always distracts her while studying. 121．我们队本以为一定能卫冕冠军，不料却目睹对手在最后一分钟扭转乾坤。(only to) 【答案】Our team had thought we were sure to defend the championship, only to see our opponent reverse the situation in the last minute. 【详解】考查时态和不定式。“我们队”译为“our team”，“本以为”用had thought，时态是过去完成时，用来表示原来的想法没有实现，“一定能卫冕冠军”是从句，我们以为的宾语，所以用省略that的宾语从句，主语we，“一定”用短语be sure to，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，“卫冕冠军”译为“defend the championship”，接在不定式后用动词原形，不料后面的内容为结果状语，用only to表示“预料之外的结果”，目睹用动词see，“对手”译为“our opponent”，“扭转乾坤”译为“reverse the situation”，作see的宾语补足语，表示目睹的过程，用省略to的不定式，“在最后一分钟”译为“in the last minute”。故翻译为Our team had thought we were sure to defend the championship, only to see our opponent reverse the situation in the last minute. 31 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$