04选择性必修第一册暑期学习成果阶段检测卷（人教版2019）-2024年高二英语培优提升暑假作业

04选择性必修第一册暑期学习成果阶段检测卷 英 语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the woman’s attitude towards the aging population? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Undecided. 2．Who will probably help the man do the housework in the future? A．The woman. B．Himself. C．The robot. 3．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Married life. B．Future plans. C．Dream schools. 4．Why does the man suggest going to the park? A．It’s big. B．It’s quiet. C．It’s new. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A new technology. B．A car company. C．Driverless cars. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What are the speakers talking about? A．The future way of working. B．How to find a satisfying job. C．The development of computers. 7．What does the man mean? A．He would get much more done at home. B．Working at home may not be for him. C．He would like to watch TV at home. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What do the speakers mainly talk about? A．Robots will take jobs from humans. B．Robots will replace humans entirely. C．Robots will be introduced into homes. 9．How does the man think about robots? A．They are not very friendly. B．They break down regularly. C．They do more with less cost. 10．What percentage of jobs will be at risk during the next decade? A．3%. B．15%. C．33%. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why is the man in the park? A．To volunteer for a government department. B．To do research for a school project. C．To offer tours to visitors. 12．What concerns the man most about the park? A．Natural disasters. B．Online advertising. C．Tourists’ visiting. 13．What will the woman probably do next? A．Sign a form. B．Offer a cash donation. C．Join in some online activities. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What’s the conversation mainly about? A．Fighting fire. B．Detecting fire. C．Preventing fire. 15．What can we know from the conversation? A．Australia lost 4% of its trees. B．The system is used in America. C．The system will use heat cameras. 16．What size of fire can the new system discover? A．The size of a car. B．The size of a plane. C．The size of a football field. 17．What is the woman’s concern besides trees? A．Protecting humans. B．Purifying the air. C．Saving animals. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．What will control the tree house’s temperature? A．The roof. B．The leaves. C．The soil. 19．What is the most important design of a lizard house? A．Changing colors. B．Collecting sunlight. C．Producing energy. 20．Why can the chimney be a useful air conditioner? A．It allows cool air to come in. B．It is easy for hot air to flow out. C．It can protect the house from strong cold air. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Some beaches are perfect for relaxing, while others offer activities like hiking and water sports. Visit these beautiful beaches for an unforgettable vacation. Cannon Beach If your perfect beach vacation spot features postcard-worthy scenery and peace, look no further than Cannon Beach. In this Pacific Northwest town, you can even build a fire on the beach to relax beside while watching the sun set. When you need a break from the beach, grab a bike and head downtown to explore its art galleries, shops and restaurants. Horseshoe Bay Beach For a one-of-a-kind beach experience, head to Horseshoe Bay Beach on Bermuda’s South Shore. Known for its pink sand, this beach is a popular destination for families looking to play in the calm blue-green waters and build blush-colored sandcastles. Adventure seekers can also take part in the self-guided island bicycle tour or engage in exciting water sports. Mohegan Bluffs This beach is famous for its natural beauty. Upon arrival, pause to admire your surroundings and learn about its ties to the native people, their ancient traditions, and connection to the land, adding depth to your beach experience. Then, take the 141 steps down to the sand to sunbathe. After that, climb back up to visit the Southeast Light for an up-close view of its 18th-century lighthouse. South Beach This tropical district on Florida’s Atlantic Coast is world-renowned for its powdery white sand. Although technically part of the Miami Beach area, South Beach stands out due to its Art Deco architecture seen in everything from the beachfront lifeguard towers to the high-rise buildings along the famed Ocean Drive. 21．What similarity do Cannon Beach and Horseshoe Bay Beach share? A．The chance to cycle around. B．Their lively artistic scene. C．The unique water sports. D．Their distinctive sand color. 22．Who is most likely attracted to Mohegan Bluffs? A．Those seeking water sports. B．Fans of modern lighthouses. C．Those interested in local culture. D．Enthusiasts of mountain climbing. 23．What sets South Beach apart from the rest of the Miami Beach area? A．Its beach sand. B．Its architectural style. C．Its ocean drive. D．Its high-rise buildings. B Before arriving in China, I had read various books relating to China, and my fascination were increasing. Therefore, when I arrived, I couldn’t have been more excited to be living in this huge historically and culturally rich country. The food, the landmarks, the big cities and everyday life — I couldn’t wait to explore. Yet despite my passion, learning Chinese hadn’t even entered my mind. This wasn’t laziness, but rather fear at the thought of trying to learn what is regarded as the most difficult language in the world. Besides this, I was living in Shanghai, an international city, with many people speaking English as a second language — I decided English would be enough. However, after a year in China I began to observe that while many foreigners did not speak Chinese, there were plenty who did. Perhaps it was achievable after all? In addition, I felt uncomfortable with how many Chinese people could speak English and yet I couldn’t even speak the most basic Chinese. With these factors in mind and a thirst for a new challenge, I decided to begin my language journey and my only regret is that I didn’t start earlier. Learning to speak Chinese isn’t as insurmountable as I once thought. When I speak to native Chinese speakers in Chinese, they almost always understand me, I have also not found it too difficult to remember characters and I am now even able to write over 400 characters. The thing I find most challenging is listening since native speakers talk at such a speed. I can’t always understand what’s been said. My biggest takeaway from learning Chinese is that it’s not only achievable but can also be enjoyable. Learning Chinese not only helped me in day-to-day life, but deepened my cultural understanding of such a fascinating country. So, to all my non-Chinese friends I say this, take up the challenge and take the leap of faith. 24．Why didn’t the author learn Chinese when he arrived in China in 2017? A．He showed no passion for China. B．He was unwilling to make the effort. C．He avoided learning a second language. D．He avoided doing something difficult. 25．What caused the author to learn Chinese? A．His regret about starting learning late. B．Support from many friends around him. C．Eagerness to take up the challenge. D．A thirst to prove his gift for language. 26．What does the underlined word “insurmountable” in the 5th paragraph mean? A．Valueless. B．Difficult. C．Unnecessary. D．Unacceptable. 27．What can we learn from the author’s experience? A．Love breaks down difficulties. B．Hard work pays off. C．Hard work is the key to success. D．Bravery opens up a new world. C Some civilizations record their pasts with art or books. Others pass on history through folk songs and dances. In Singapore, the story of how a ramshackle fishing village in Southeast Asia developed into a wealthy and modern country often comes in spoonfuls of peppery pork rib soup or bites of fried egg noodles at its hawker centers (小贩中心). For visitors, hawker centers might just seem like food courts: Follow your nose or the longest line, then pay a few Singapore dollars for a plate of food to enjoy at a shared table. For Singaporeans, hawker culture is about more than just a good meal. These food centers are symbols of the country’s diversified culture. Hawker centers are so central to Singapore that the country recently led a successful campaign to have the practice listed as the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. To accommodate (容纳) Singapore’s diversified population, the government made sure the hawker centers included Malay, Indian, and Chinese store owners. “Hawker centers are likely the first places where people will try another ethnic group’s food,” says Chee Kien Lai, author of Early Hawkers in Singa pore. “They’re open to everyone. You can get Chinese food or try Indian cuisine and get connected to different cultures and religions.” After Singapore’s rapid development in the 1970s and 80s, there was a sudden stop in the construction of hawker centers. Everybody was concentrating on becoming a knowledge-based society. By the time the government returned to building new hawker centers in 2011, many people wondered if there were enough people to carry on the tradition. “Even though locals love eating at hawker centers, few are interested in running a small food shop themselves,” says Chee. “The cost of labor has gone up, with the younger, better-educated generation put off by the long hours and physical work the job requires. As aging hawkers retire, their recipes risk extinction.” That’s one of the reasons that, in 2019, Singapore’s National Heritage Board put the hawkers forward for UNESCO recognition. “We need to make them our local cultural heroes,” says Tay. 28．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “ramshackle” in paragraph l? A．Poor. B．Big. C．Unfriendly. D．Pretty. 29．For Singaporeans, the hawker centers are__________. A．a means of passing on their history B．an easy way to earn a living C．symbols of being a modern country D．just good places for cheap food 30．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．Singapore has a very diversified population. B．Hawker centers declined shortly after the 1980s. C．There is intense competition among the hawkers. D．Young people enjoy working at the hawker centers. 31．What is Chee Kien Lai worried about? A．The rising prices of food. B．The high cost of labor in Singapore. C．The disappearance of hawker centers. D．A lack of customers for hawker centers. D More than 1 billion children, teenagers and adults live with obesity (肥胖) around the world, making it the most common form of malnutrition in many countries, according to a study published on Thursday in the journal The Lancet. “Previous estimates by the World Obesity Federation suggested that there would be 1 billion people living with obesity by 2030, but that number was already overtaken in 2022,” Dr. Majid Ezzati, senior author of the study and professor at Imperial College London, said in a news conference on Thursday. “We hadn’t expected that the things happened so fast.” The new global study, conducted by more than 1,500 researchers from the Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factor Collaboration and the World Health Organization (WHO), analyzed the height and weight measurements of over 220 million people from more than 190 countries. The study focused on rates of underweight and obesity, both forms of malnutrition that are harmful to people’s health. Adults were regarded as obese if their body mass index (指数) (BMI) was greater than or equal to 30 and considered as underweight if their BMI was below18.5. Children and teenagers were defined as obese or underweight based on age and sex, according to the study. “Undernutrition and obesity are two faces of the same problem, which is the lack of access to a healthy diet,” Dr. Francesco Branca, director of the WHO Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, said in the news conference. “Public policy must aim to improve monitoring of food producers and ensure fair access to healthy and nutritious food for everyone. Over 3 billion people in the world still cannot afford a healthy diet.” France, which saw a steady level in its obesity rates in the study, has carried out a national plan called Programme National Nutrition Santé that sets objectives for nutritional policy at the industry, consumer and research levels. Countries in South America have begun carrying out front-of-package nutritional labelling that includes clear warnings about fat, sugar and salt levels. Mexico has led the way on taxation of sweetened drinks, and in Chile, processed foods cannot be marketed to children. 32．How does Ezzati feel about the number of obese people worldwide in 2022? A．Disappointed. B．Astonished. C．Amused. D．Relieved. 33．How did the researchers conduct the new study? A．By asking questions. B．By analyzing data. C．By making observations. D．By carrying out experiments. 34．For adults, which BMI means normal weight according to the study? A．33. B．30. C．20. D．18. 35．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The good habits of teenagers in South America. B．The differences in diet among different countries. C．The problems of rising obesity rates faced by France. D．The measures taken by several countries to address obesity. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Although most empty plastic bottles are thrown, there are actually many other ways you can reuse them other than drinking. 36 . Here are some interesting tips to use with empty plastic bottles. Cut off the biscuits When making biscuits, did you just realize you didn’t have any tools to cut them? You just need a small or large plastic bottle depending on your needs. First cut the bottle into half. 37 . Separate eggs Do you find it challenging to separate eggs? 38 . Break the eggs into a bowl. Remove the lid, press the bottle, put the ends into the egg yolk (蛋黄) and stop the pressure. This way, the egg yolk will be taken into the bottle while the egg white will remain on the plate. In this way, separating eggs isn’t a challenging problem. 39 Want to remove flies in your garden safely? Use plastic bottles. Cut the bottle into half and place a sweet syrup (糖浆) at the bottom. Then place the top in the bottom so that the bottle mouth faces down. The fly will be attracted to the smell and fly into the bottle hole. Once in the bottle, the fly will climb through a narrow opening without thinking about how to get out and eventually dies. Air conditioner Sometimes, the fan removes hot air and does not cool the room but now we have a solution! 40 Then, place the bottle with ice on the floor for a high fan. Put the fan behind the bottle and the fan will blow the cold air as the bottle with ice causes the temperature to be lower. A．The trap B．The harm of flies C．Pour the water out from the large bottles D．You can solve this problem with plastic bottles E．Fill two large bottles with water and turn into ice F．And then you just take one of two parts to cut the cookies G．They allow you to recycle creatively for a variety of purposes 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence-driven chatbot (聊天机器人) programme that responds to user prompts, has gone viral in social networks in recent weeks. Its 41 is such that within days of its launch, OpenAI, the artificial intelligence company behind the chatbot, announced that 1 million people had used. In comparison, Facebook and Spotify took months to achieve that 42 of engagement (受人关注) . The attraction is obvious: ChatGPT can produce jokes, essays and computer code from a short writing prompt. There’s nothing 43 in software that produces fluent and logical writing. ChatGPT’s predecessor (前身), the Generative Pretrained Transformer 3 (GPT-3), could do that too. Both were trained on an unimaginably large amount of data to answer questions in a/an 44 way. But ChatGPT has been updated by being given the data on human “conversations”, which significantly 45 the truthfulness and informativeness(信息准确性) of its answers. 46 , ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical (无意义的). Even the chatbot itself says, “My responses are not intended to be considered as 47 .” This might be a big problem on the Internet, as many web platforms (平台) 48 the ability to protect themselves against a flood of AI-generated content (AI生成的内容). Such websites as Stack Overflow, where users can find answers to programming-related questions, had to ban ChatGPT-produced posts, as its human moderators (管理员) could not 49 the volume (大量) of incredible but wrong replies. It is 50 to give out tools that could be used to produce fake news and messages. Using ChatGPT too much raises the question of whether content produced by it can be truly trusted. A human author is 51 their own work but AI is not. Artificial intelligence is not artificial 52 : ChatGPT does not know what it is doing; it is unable to say how or why it produced a response; it doesn’t have human experience, and cannot tell if it is 53 . While OpenAI has safeguards to refuse inappropriate requests, such as to tell users how to commit crimes (犯罪), these can be bypassed. AI’s potential for harm should not be 54 . In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon to harm people and society. No one knows what will happen to such technologies if the software engineers of the future will themselves be software programs. “Human supervision (监督) and 55 are required,” OpenAI’s researchers have warned. 41．A．attempt B．popularity C．purpose D．solution 42．A．level B．quality C．focus D．goal 43．A．harmful B．positive C．new D．obvious 44．A．creative B．general C．simple D．incredible 45．A．transformed B．impressed C．increased D．limited 46．A．In brief B．As a result C．Even so D．Generally speaking 47．A．fact B．routine C．law D．details 48．A．have B．lack C．expect D．improve 49．A．answer B．provide C．handle D．collect 50．A．experimental B．risky C．unnecessary D．reliable 51．A．scared of B．open to C．pleased with D．responsible for 52．A．awareness B．innovation C．emotion D．curiosity 53．A．fitting in B．hanging on C．making sense D．achieving goals 54．A．refused B．blamed C．ignored D．contributed 55．A．civilization B．control C．loss D．pressure 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Food waste is one of the greatest challenges of our time, and fruit and vegetables are especially problematic, as about 52% of them go bad before 56 (eventual) reaching consumers. But one Malaysian company has come up 57 a simple solution to this problem — a tiny sticker (贴纸) that keeps fruit from 58 (go) bad for up to weeks. You’ve probably seen stickers on fruit before, but not like the ones created by the Malaysian company. Those common stickers are typically 59 (use) only to provide consumers with 60 (inform) about the growers and how the fruit was grown, 61 Stixfresh has a completely different purpose. It contains something special and all-natural that slows down the ripening (成熟) process, keeping the fruit fresh and juicy for much 62 (long). Stixfresh founder Zhafri Zainudin says that he thought of the idea for the stickers after visiting a friend 63 ran a fruit store. The man was worried about losing money every day because of bad fruit, but he knew that there was no way to stop nature from taking 64 (it) course. The Malaysian businessman worked with many 65 (university) to develop and test his sticker. At first, Stixfresh stickers were only used to lengthen the shelf-life of mangoes, but the company later worked on other fruit, like dragon fruit, star fruit, apples and pears. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家，内容包括： 1.科学家介绍； 2.对你的影响。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, I’m glad that you show admiration for Chinese scientific achievement. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In 2018, 17-year-old Hemesh spent a life-changing summer with his grandmother Anne, who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Witnessing the impact of the disease firsthand, Hemesh was awakened to the seriousness of the situation. One night, Hemesh walked into the kitchen only to discover that his grandmother had left the gas stove (炉) on after making tea. Shocked by the dangerous consequences Alzheimer’s disease could bring about, he couldn’t help but wonder what might have happened if he hadn’t been there. Hemesh’s worries increased as he observed his grandmother’s behavior. She would wake up in the early hours of the morning, believing she was on a train, and wander outside aimlessly. This wandering tendency could potentially lead her to get lost or put herself in risky situations. Determined to make a difference, Hemesh engaged himself in extensive research about Alzheimer’s disease and its symptomatic (症状的) progression. Through his studies, he discovered that wandering was a common problem among dementia patients, especially those with Alzheimer’s disease. Inspired by his newfound knowledge and fueled by his desire to help, Hemesh told his family, “I can’t just stand by and watch this happen. I need to do something to keep Grandma safe. I think I have an idea that might help not just her, but others in similar situations.” With firm determination, he developed an inventive answer to the wandering dilemma, a device he called the Guardian Companion. It was a wearable device, similar to a smartwatch, specifically designed for Alzheimer’s patients. It integrated advanced GPS technology and a panic button to assist those who tended to wander, ensuring their safety and well-being. After the device got its official approval, Hemesh happily went to try it on for his grandmother. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As Anne put on the Guardian Companion, Hemesh explained how it worked. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the next few weeks, the device made a difference to Anne and her family. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 04选择性必修第一册暑期学习成果阶段检测卷 英 语 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the woman’s attitude towards the aging population? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Undecided. 【答案】A 【原文】M: They say the population is getting older and that could cause problems. What do you think? W: I see problems ahead, because fewer young people will pay for the needs of old people. M: It’ll all be OK, because robots will do most of the work. 2．Who will probably help the man do the housework in the future? A．The woman. B．Himself. C．The robot. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Seeing the doctor at home, shopping at home, oh, we can do so many things at home nowadays. M: We certainly can. We’ll have a robot to do the housework some day! 3．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Married life. B．Future plans. C．Dream schools. 【答案】B 【原文】M: What are you going to do after graduation? W: I think I’ll find a job in a school first. I want to be a teacher. And you? M: I intend to go back to my hometown to start my own business and then get married. 4．Why does the man suggest going to the park? A．It’s big. B．It’s quiet. C．It’s new. 【答案】B 【原文】W: John, can’t we go some place and talk? It’s so noisy in here. M: Well, there’s a small park across the street. It’s usually not crowded at this time of day. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A new technology. B．A car company. C．Driverless cars. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Take a look at this! “Waymo, the self-driving technology company, is coming to Shanghai.” W: Wow, I have heard about the company, which is experienced in developing driverless cars. M: I’m thinking what change it will bring to China. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6．What are the speakers talking about? A．The future way of working. B．How to find a satisfying job. C．The development of computers. 7．What does the man mean? A．He would get much more done at home. B．Working at home may not be for him. C．He would like to watch TV at home. 【答案】6．A 7．A 【原文】W: Work? In the future? Well, I think as companies get more computerized, they’re finding ways of using fewer workers. M: Yeah. And more and more people will be working at home because of computers. W: Wow, I’d really love that. Can you imagine spending most of your work week in the comfort of your own home? M: Personally, I would have freer timetable and get much more done. And with emails and phone calls you can still keep in touch with everyone you need to. W: Well, I’m afraid I might just sit back and turn on the TV! 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．What do the speakers mainly talk about? A．Robots will take jobs from humans. B．Robots will replace humans entirely. C．Robots will be introduced into homes. 9．How does the man think about robots? A．They are not very friendly. B．They break down regularly. C．They do more with less cost. 10．What percentage of jobs will be at risk during the next decade? A．3%. B．15%. C．33%. 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．C 【原文】M: In the future, many of our current jobs will be done by robots. W: The future is closer than you think. Several of my friends were fired in a car factory, because robots are now replacing them. M: Robots do offer better output (产量) for less cost. They can operate all day and night. W: This is true, but my friends are no longer earning any money. M: Hopefully they will be able to find other jobs. W: It is getting harder to find a job that will not be replaced in a few years’ time. M: This is true. I read a report that said in this decade, 3% of jobs were at risk from machines. W: I read the same report. That number would jump to 33% during the next decade. M: Yes, but they also pointed out that robots and artificial intelligence could boost the global economy by $15 trillion. W: Do you think they will replace lawyers like us? M: Not anytime soon. W: We have to work long hours, but at least we have job security. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11．Why is the man in the park? A．To volunteer for a government department. B．To do research for a school project. C．To offer tours to visitors. 12．What concerns the man most about the park? A．Natural disasters. B．Online advertising. C．Tourists’ visiting. 13．What will the woman probably do next? A．Sign a form. B．Offer a cash donation. C．Join in some online activities. 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．A 【原文】M: Hi, Miss, do you have a moment to talk about the history of this park? W: Sure. Are you with the Mexican history department? M: Yes, but only to donate my time to help our government protect the old buildings and parks. Now, we want to make sure the park is protected from damage, and we’ll call for more support on social media. W: Great idea. It must be difficult to protect it from storms and earthquakes. M: Luckily, it’s strong enough to survive the disasters. The real issue is thousands of tourists visiting every day. We’re hoping to pass rules against visitors walking and climbing on these valuable remains of the old buildings in the park. W: Right on! I wish I had some money to donate. Is there a form for supporters that I can sign? M: Absolutely. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．What’s the conversation mainly about? A．Fighting fire. B．Detecting fire. C．Preventing fire. 15．What can we know from the conversation? A．Australia lost 4% of its trees. B．The system is used in America. C．The system will use heat cameras. 16．What size of fire can the new system discover? A．The size of a car. B．The size of a plane. C．The size of a football field. 17．What is the woman’s concern besides trees? A．Protecting humans. B．Purifying the air. C．Saving animals. 【答案】14．B 15．C 16．A 17．C 【原文】W: We’re developing a new technology that can detect forest fires as soon as they start. M: That sounds amazing. Given how many fires there have been recently, it’s something the world extremely needs. W: Indeed. In 2020 alone, California had over 8, 000 fires, losing roughly 4% of the state’s trees. M: That is truly surprising. W: Yes. The other place where it will be useful is Australia. At the start of the year, there were 50 separate forest fires burning across the country. M: So how will your new detection system work? W: We’re going to use a new range of satellites which have heat cameras. M: Don’t other satellites have those? W: Yes, but none is so advanced. They can detect a fire the size of a football field. The new system can sense a fire the size of a car. M: And will that be enough of a difference to stop the fire from spreading? W: We believe so. Hopefully it will give firefighters enough time to stop it before it gets too big. If they get the plane up in time, they will put out the fire quickly. M: If it works, I really hope you get recognition for it. W: I just want to try and stop trees from burning, and more importantly, protect the poor animals that live in them. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．What will control the tree house’s temperature? A．The roof. B．The leaves. C．The soil. 19．What is the most important design of a lizard house? A．Changing colors. B．Collecting sunlight. C．Producing energy. 20．Why can the chimney be a useful air conditioner? A．It allows cool air to come in. B．It is easy for hot air to flow out. C．It can protect the house from strong cold air. 【答案】18．C 19．A 20．B 【原文】W: We won’t know what the future house will look like, but we can imagine three kinds of houses. The first one is the tree house. Like a leaf, the surface of the house collects sunlight during the day. The energy can be used to heat water, produce electricity and even create fresh air for the home. The root of the house is deep under the ground. It uses the soil to control the home’s temperature. The second one is the lizard home. Like a lizard, changing colors with the weather is the most important design of a lizard house. When it’s in the bright sun, the cover of the house will turn dark to protect it from strong heat. During the dark days, it turns white and takes in as much light and heat as possible to produce energy. The last one is the chimney house. In such a house, a chimney can be a useful air conditioner because it is easier for hot air to flow out of the chimney. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Some beaches are perfect for relaxing, while others offer activities like hiking and water sports. Visit these beautiful beaches for an unforgettable vacation. Cannon Beach If your perfect beach vacation spot features postcard-worthy scenery and peace, look no further than Cannon Beach. In this Pacific Northwest town, you can even build a fire on the beach to relax beside while watching the sun set. When you need a break from the beach, grab a bike and head downtown to explore its art galleries, shops and restaurants. Horseshoe Bay Beach For a one-of-a-kind beach experience, head to Horseshoe Bay Beach on Bermuda’s South Shore. Known for its pink sand, this beach is a popular destination for families looking to play in the calm blue-green waters and build blush-colored sandcastles. Adventure seekers can also take part in the self-guided island bicycle tour or engage in exciting water sports. Mohegan Bluffs This beach is famous for its natural beauty. Upon arrival, pause to admire your surroundings and learn about its ties to the native people, their ancient traditions, and connection to the land, adding depth to your beach experience. Then, take the 141 steps down to the sand to sunbathe. After that, climb back up to visit the Southeast Light for an up-close view of its 18th-century lighthouse. South Beach This tropical district on Florida’s Atlantic Coast is world-renowned for its powdery white sand. Although technically part of the Miami Beach area, South Beach stands out due to its Art Deco architecture seen in everything from the beachfront lifeguard towers to the high-rise buildings along the famed Ocean Drive. 21．What similarity do Cannon Beach and Horseshoe Bay Beach share? A．The chance to cycle around. B．Their lively artistic scene. C．The unique water sports. D．Their distinctive sand color. 22．Who is most likely attracted to Mohegan Bluffs? A．Those seeking water sports. B．Fans of modern lighthouses. C．Those interested in local culture. D．Enthusiasts of mountain climbing. 23．What sets South Beach apart from the rest of the Miami Beach area? A．Its beach sand. B．Its architectural style. C．Its ocean drive. D．Its high-rise buildings. 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．B 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了一些美丽的海滩。 21．细节理解题。根据Cannon Beach部分中“When you need a break from the beach, grab a bike and head downtown to explore its art galleries, shops and restaurants.(当你需要离开海滩休息一下的时候，可以骑上一辆自行车，前往市中心的艺术画廊、商店和餐馆)”和Horseshoe Bay Beach部分中“Adventure seekers can also take part in the self-guided island bicycle tour or engage in exciting water sports.(喜欢冒险的人还可以参加岛上的自助自行车之旅，或者参加刺激的水上运动)”可知，两个海滩的共同点是都可以在周围骑行，故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据Mohegan Bluffs部分中“Upon arrival, pause to admire your surroundings and learn about its ties to the native people, their ancient traditions, and connection to the land, adding depth to your beach experience.(抵达后，停下来欣赏周围的环境，了解它与当地人的联系，他们的古老传统，以及与土地的联系，为您的海滩体验增添深度)”可知，对当地文化感兴趣的人最有可能被Mohegan Bluffs所吸引，故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据South Beach部分中“Although technically part of the Miami Beach area, South Beach stands out due to its Art Deco architecture seen in everything from the beachfront lifeguard towers to the high-rise buildings along the famed Ocean Drive.(虽然严格来说是迈阿密海滩地区的一部分，但南海滩因其装饰艺术建筑而引人注目，从海滨救生塔到著名的海洋大道沿线的高层建筑，随处可见)”可知，South Beach因其装饰艺术风格的建筑而脱颖而出，故选B。 B Before arriving in China, I had read various books relating to China, and my fascination were increasing. Therefore, when I arrived, I couldn’t have been more excited to be living in this huge historically and culturally rich country. The food, the landmarks, the big cities and everyday life — I couldn’t wait to explore. Yet despite my passion, learning Chinese hadn’t even entered my mind. This wasn’t laziness, but rather fear at the thought of trying to learn what is regarded as the most difficult language in the world. Besides this, I was living in Shanghai, an international city, with many people speaking English as a second language — I decided English would be enough. However, after a year in China I began to observe that while many foreigners did not speak Chinese, there were plenty who did. Perhaps it was achievable after all? In addition, I felt uncomfortable with how many Chinese people could speak English and yet I couldn’t even speak the most basic Chinese. With these factors in mind and a thirst for a new challenge, I decided to begin my language journey and my only regret is that I didn’t start earlier. Learning to speak Chinese isn’t as insurmountable as I once thought. When I speak to native Chinese speakers in Chinese, they almost always understand me, I have also not found it too difficult to remember characters and I am now even able to write over 400 characters. The thing I find most challenging is listening since native speakers talk at such a speed. I can’t always understand what’s been said. My biggest takeaway from learning Chinese is that it’s not only achievable but can also be enjoyable. Learning Chinese not only helped me in day-to-day life, but deepened my cultural understanding of such a fascinating country. So, to all my non-Chinese friends I say this, take up the challenge and take the leap of faith. 24．Why didn’t the author learn Chinese when he arrived in China in 2017? A．He showed no passion for China. B．He was unwilling to make the effort. C．He avoided learning a second language. D．He avoided doing something difficult. 25．What caused the author to learn Chinese? A．His regret about starting learning late. B．Support from many friends around him. C．Eagerness to take up the challenge. D．A thirst to prove his gift for language. 26．What does the underlined word “insurmountable” in the 5th paragraph mean? A．Valueless. B．Difficult. C．Unnecessary. D．Unacceptable. 27．What can we learn from the author’s experience? A．Love breaks down difficulties. B．Hard work pays off. C．Hard work is the key to success. D．Bravery opens up a new world. 【答案】24．D 25．C 26．B 27．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者一开始到中国时因为惧怕困难而不想学习中文，但是在中国一年后作者决定接受这个挑战，在认真学习后，作者发现学习中文不仅对其日常生活有帮助，而且加深了自己对这个迷人国家的文化理解。 24．细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Yet despite my passion, learning Chinese hadn’t even entered my mind. This wasn’t laziness, but rather fear at the thought of trying to learn what is regarded as the most difficult language in the world.(尽管我对中文充满热情，但我从未想过要学习中文。这并不是懒惰，而是一想到要学习被认为是世界上最难的语言就害怕。)”可知，作者2017年到中国时不学中文是因为他逃避做困难的事情。故选D。 25．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“With these factors in mind and a thirst for a new challenge, I decided to begin my language journey and my only regret is that I didn’t start earlier.(考虑到这些因素和对新挑战的渴望，我决定开始我的语言之旅，我唯一的遗憾是我没有早点开始。)”可知，对新挑战的渴望促使作者开始学习中文。故选C。 26．词句猜测题。根据第五段第一句中的“as I once thought(像我原本以为的)”和第三段前两句“Yet despite my passion, learning Chinese hadn’t even entered my mind. This wasn’t laziness, but rather fear at the thought of trying to learn what is regarded as the most difficult language in the world.(尽管我对中文充满热情，但我从未想过要学习中文。这并不是懒惰，而是一想到要学习被认为是世界上最难的语言就害怕。)”可知，此处是指学习中文并不像“我”原本以为的那样难，所以insurmountable意为“困难的”。故选B。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Learning Chinese not only helped me in day-to-day life, but deepened my cultural understanding of such a fascinating country. So, to all my non-Chinese friends I say this, take up the challenge and take the leap of faith.(学习中文不仅对我的日常生活有帮助，而且加深了我对这个迷人国家的文化理解。所以，我要对我所有的非中国朋友说，接受挑战，大胆地迈出信念的一步。)”可知，从作者的经历中可以了解到勇敢接受挑战会打开新世界的大门。故选D。 C Some civilizations record their pasts with art or books. Others pass on history through folk songs and dances. In Singapore, the story of how a ramshackle fishing village in Southeast Asia developed into a wealthy and modern country often comes in spoonfuls of peppery pork rib soup or bites of fried egg noodles at its hawker centers (小贩中心). For visitors, hawker centers might just seem like food courts: Follow your nose or the longest line, then pay a few Singapore dollars for a plate of food to enjoy at a shared table. For Singaporeans, hawker culture is about more than just a good meal. These food centers are symbols of the country’s diversified culture. Hawker centers are so central to Singapore that the country recently led a successful campaign to have the practice listed as the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. To accommodate (容纳) Singapore’s diversified population, the government made sure the hawker centers included Malay, Indian, and Chinese store owners. “Hawker centers are likely the first places where people will try another ethnic group’s food,” says Chee Kien Lai, author of Early Hawkers in Singa pore. “They’re open to everyone. You can get Chinese food or try Indian cuisine and get connected to different cultures and religions.” After Singapore’s rapid development in the 1970s and 80s, there was a sudden stop in the construction of hawker centers. Everybody was concentrating on becoming a knowledge-based society. By the time the government returned to building new hawker centers in 2011, many people wondered if there were enough people to carry on the tradition. “Even though locals love eating at hawker centers, few are interested in running a small food shop themselves,” says Chee. “The cost of labor has gone up, with the younger, better-educated generation put off by the long hours and physical work the job requires. As aging hawkers retire, their recipes risk extinction.” That’s one of the reasons that, in 2019, Singapore’s National Heritage Board put the hawkers forward for UNESCO recognition. “We need to make them our local cultural heroes,” says Tay. 28．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “ramshackle” in paragraph l? A．Poor. B．Big. C．Unfriendly. D．Pretty. 29．For Singaporeans, the hawker centers are__________. A．a means of passing on their history B．an easy way to earn a living C．symbols of being a modern country D．just good places for cheap food 30．What can we learn from paragraph 4? A．Singapore has a very diversified population. B．Hawker centers declined shortly after the 1980s. C．There is intense competition among the hawkers. D．Young people enjoy working at the hawker centers. 31．What is Chee Kien Lai worried about? A．The rising prices of food. B．The high cost of labor in Singapore. C．The disappearance of hawker centers. D．A lack of customers for hawker centers. 【答案】28．A 29．A 30．B 31．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被列为联合国非物质文化遗产的新加坡小贩中心。 28．词句猜测题。根据画线词后“developed into a wealthy and modern country (发展成为一个富裕和现代化的国家)”可推断，ramshackle与wealthy, modern的意思相反，也就是意为“贫穷的”，和poor意思相近。故选A。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段“These food centers are symbols of the country’s diversified culture. (这些美食中心是这个国家多元文化的象征。)”可知，对新加坡人来说，小贩中心是他们传承历史的一种方式。故选A。 30．推理判断题。根据第四段“After Singapore’s rapid development in the 1970s and 80s, there was a sudden stop in the construction of hawker centers. Everybody was concentrating on becoming a knowledge-based society. (新加坡在上世纪七八十年代快速发展之后，小贩中心的建设突然停止。每个人都专注于成为一个知识型社会。)”可推断，在上世纪八十年代，小贩中心开始走下坡路了。故选B。 31．推理判断题。根据第五段“As aging hawkers retire, their recipes risk extinction. (随着上了年纪的小贩退休，他们的食谱面临着灭绝的危险。)”可知，Chee Kien Lai担心小贩中心会消亡。故选C。 D More than 1 billion children, teenagers and adults live with obesity (肥胖) around the world, making it the most common form of malnutrition in many countries, according to a study published on Thursday in the journal The Lancet. “Previous estimates by the World Obesity Federation suggested that there would be 1 billion people living with obesity by 2030, but that number was already overtaken in 2022,” Dr. Majid Ezzati, senior author of the study and professor at Imperial College London, said in a news conference on Thursday. “We hadn’t expected that the things happened so fast.” The new global study, conducted by more than 1,500 researchers from the Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factor Collaboration and the World Health Organization (WHO), analyzed the height and weight measurements of over 220 million people from more than 190 countries. The study focused on rates of underweight and obesity, both forms of malnutrition that are harmful to people’s health. Adults were regarded as obese if their body mass index (指数) (BMI) was greater than or equal to 30 and considered as underweight if their BMI was below18.5. Children and teenagers were defined as obese or underweight based on age and sex, according to the study. “Undernutrition and obesity are two faces of the same problem, which is the lack of access to a healthy diet,” Dr. Francesco Branca, director of the WHO Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, said in the news conference. “Public policy must aim to improve monitoring of food producers and ensure fair access to healthy and nutritious food for everyone. Over 3 billion people in the world still cannot afford a healthy diet.” France, which saw a steady level in its obesity rates in the study, has carried out a national plan called Programme National Nutrition Santé that sets objectives for nutritional policy at the industry, consumer and research levels. Countries in South America have begun carrying out front-of-package nutritional labelling that includes clear warnings about fat, sugar and salt levels. Mexico has led the way on taxation of sweetened drinks, and in Chile, processed foods cannot be marketed to children. 32．How does Ezzati feel about the number of obese people worldwide in 2022? A．Disappointed. B．Astonished. C．Amused. D．Relieved. 33．How did the researchers conduct the new study? A．By asking questions. B．By analyzing data. C．By making observations. D．By carrying out experiments. 34．For adults, which BMI means normal weight according to the study? A．33. B．30. C．20. D．18. 35．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The good habits of teenagers in South America. B．The differences in diet among different countries. C．The problems of rising obesity rates faced by France. D．The measures taken by several countries to address obesity. 【答案】32．B 33．B 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是全球肥胖症的严重性和普遍性，以及不同国家为应对肥胖问题所采取的政策和措施。 32．推理判断题。根据第二段“Previous estimates by the World Obesity Federation suggested that there would be 1 billion people living with obesity by 2030, but that number was already overtaken in 2022(世界肥胖联合会此前的估计显示，到2030年将有10亿人患有肥胖症，但这一数字在2022年就已经超过了这一数字)”和“We hadn’t expected that the things happened so fast.(我们没有预料到事情发生得这么快。)”可知，Ezzati对于2022年全球肥胖人口的数量感到震惊。故选B。 33．推理判断题。根据第三段“The new global study, conducted by more than 1,500 researchers from the Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factor Collaboration and the World Health Organization (WHO), analyzed the height and weight measurements of over 220 million people from more than 190 countries.(这项新的全球研究由来自非传染性疾病风险因素协作组织和世界卫生组织（世卫组织）的1500多名研究人员进行，分析了来自190多个国家的2.2亿多人的身高和体重测量数据。)”可知，研究者是通过分析数据进行研究的。故选B。 34．推理判断题。根据第四段“Adults were regarded as obese if their body mass index (指数) (BMI) was greater than or equal to 30 and considered as underweight if their BMI was below18.5.(如果成年人的身体质量指数（BMI）大于或等于30，则被视为肥胖；如果BMI低于18.5，则被视为体重过轻。)”可推断，对于成年人来说，身体质量指数为20，属于正常体重。故选C。 35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“France, which saw a steady level in its obesity rates in the study, has carried out a national plan called Programme National Nutrition Santé that sets objectives for nutritional policy at the industry, consumer and research levels. Countries in South America have begun carrying out front-of-package nutritional labelling that includes clear warnings about fat, sugar and salt levels. Mexico has led the way on taxation of sweetened drinks, and in Chile, processed foods cannot be marketed to children.(在这项研究中，法国的肥胖率处于稳定水平，该国已经实施了一项名为“国家营养老人计划”的国家计划，为工业、消费者和研究层面的营养政策设定了目标。南美国家已经开始在食品包装的正面贴上营养标签，明确警告脂肪、糖和盐的含量。墨西哥在对含糖饮料征税方面走在了前面，在智利，加工食品不能向儿童销售。)”可知，最后一段主要介绍了一些国家为解决肥胖问题所采取的措施。故选D。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Although most empty plastic bottles are thrown, there are actually many other ways you can reuse them other than drinking. 36 . Here are some interesting tips to use with empty plastic bottles. Cut off the biscuits When making biscuits, did you just realize you didn’t have any tools to cut them? You just need a small or large plastic bottle depending on your needs. First cut the bottle into half. 37 . Separate eggs Do you find it challenging to separate eggs? 38 . Break the eggs into a bowl. Remove the lid, press the bottle, put the ends into the egg yolk (蛋黄) and stop the pressure. This way, the egg yolk will be taken into the bottle while the egg white will remain on the plate. In this way, separating eggs isn’t a challenging problem. 39 Want to remove flies in your garden safely? Use plastic bottles. Cut the bottle into half and place a sweet syrup (糖浆) at the bottom. Then place the top in the bottom so that the bottle mouth faces down. The fly will be attracted to the smell and fly into the bottle hole. Once in the bottle, the fly will climb through a narrow opening without thinking about how to get out and eventually dies. Air conditioner Sometimes, the fan removes hot air and does not cool the room but now we have a solution! 40 Then, place the bottle with ice on the floor for a high fan. Put the fan behind the bottle and the fan will blow the cold air as the bottle with ice causes the temperature to be lower. A．The trap B．The harm of flies C．Pour the water out from the large bottles D．You can solve this problem with plastic bottles E．Fill two large bottles with water and turn into ice F．And then you just take one of two parts to cut the cookies G．They allow you to recycle creatively for a variety of purposes 【答案】36．G 37．F 38．D 39．A 40．E 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了空塑料瓶的一些另外的用途。 36．前文“Although most empty plastic bottles are thrown, there are actually many other ways you can reuse them other than drinking.(虽然大多数空塑料瓶都被扔了，但实际上除了喝水，还有很多其他的方法可以重复使用它)”表明可以重复使用空塑料瓶，后文“Here are some interesting tips to use with empty plastic bottles.(以下是一些使用空塑料瓶的有趣技巧)”引出下文巧妙利用空塑料瓶的方法，G选项“它们允许你创造性地回收用于各种目的”承上启下，其中They指代上文的many other ways，符合语境。故选G。 37．前文“When making biscuits, did you just realize you didn’t have any tools to cut them? You just need a small or large plastic bottle depending on your needs.(在做饼干的时候，你是不是突然意识到你没有任何工具来切割它们？你只需要一个大小取决于你的需要的塑料瓶)”表示塑料瓶可以帮助切饼干，前一句“First cut the bottle into half.(首先把瓶子切成两半)”表示空处为切饼干的步骤，F选项“然后再用其中的一半来切饼干”表示第二个步骤。故选F。 38．前文“Do you find it challenging to separate eggs?(你觉得分离鸡蛋很有挑战性吗)”引出问题，表示本段说明可以用废弃塑料瓶来分隔鸡蛋，D选项“你可以用塑料瓶来解决这个问题”为对于前文提到问题的回答，符合语境。故选D。 39．空处为小标题，下文第一句“Want to remove flies in your garden safely? Use plastic bottles.(想要安全地清除花园中的苍蝇？使用塑料瓶)”表示这一段描述可以用塑料瓶来捕捉苍蝇，再结合下文“Cut the bottle into half and place a sweet syrup at the bottom. Then place the top in the bottom so that the bottle mouth faces down. The fly will be attracted to the smell and fly into the bottle hole.(把瓶子切成两半，在底部放上糖浆。然后把瓶盖盖在底部，使瓶口朝下。苍蝇会被气味吸引，飞进瓶子洞)”表示塑料瓶可以用来做苍蝇的捕捉器陷阱。A选项“陷阱”很好地概括这一段内容。故选A。 40．后文“Then, place the bottle with ice on the floor for a high fan. Put the fan behind the bottle and the fan will blow the cold air as the bottle with ice causes the temperature to be lower.(然后，把装有冰的瓶子放在地板上，这样就可以用高功率风扇了。把风扇放在瓶子后面，因为装有冰的瓶子会使温度降低，所以风扇会吹出冷空气)”可知，空处为用瓶子来制冰的第一个步骤，E选项“把两个大瓶子装满水，然后变成冰”符合语境。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence-driven chatbot (聊天机器人) programme that responds to user prompts, has gone viral in social networks in recent weeks. Its 41 is such that within days of its launch, OpenAI, the artificial intelligence company behind the chatbot, announced that 1 million people had used. In comparison, Facebook and Spotify took months to achieve that 42 of engagement (受人关注) . The attraction is obvious: ChatGPT can produce jokes, essays and computer code from a short writing prompt. There’s nothing 43 in software that produces fluent and logical writing. ChatGPT’s predecessor (前身), the Generative Pretrained Transformer 3 (GPT-3), could do that too. Both were trained on an unimaginably large amount of data to answer questions in a/an 44 way. But ChatGPT has been updated by being given the data on human “conversations”, which significantly 45 the truthfulness and informativeness(信息准确性) of its answers. 46 , ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical (无意义的). Even the chatbot itself says, “My responses are not intended to be considered as 47 .” This might be a big problem on the Internet, as many web platforms (平台) 48 the ability to protect themselves against a flood of AI-generated content (AI生成的内容). Such websites as Stack Overflow, where users can find answers to programming-related questions, had to ban ChatGPT-produced posts, as its human moderators (管理员) could not 49 the volume (大量) of incredible but wrong replies. It is 50 to give out tools that could be used to produce fake news and messages. Using ChatGPT too much raises the question of whether content produced by it can be truly trusted. A human author is 51 their own work but AI is not. Artificial intelligence is not artificial 52 : ChatGPT does not know what it is doing; it is unable to say how or why it produced a response; it doesn’t have human experience, and cannot tell if it is 53 . While OpenAI has safeguards to refuse inappropriate requests, such as to tell users how to commit crimes (犯罪), these can be bypassed. AI’s potential for harm should not be 54 . In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon to harm people and society. No one knows what will happen to such technologies if the software engineers of the future will themselves be software programs. “Human supervision (监督) and 55 are required,” OpenAI’s researchers have warned. 41．A．attempt B．popularity C．purpose D．solution 42．A．level B．quality C．focus D．goal 43．A．harmful B．positive C．new D．obvious 44．A．creative B．general C．simple D．incredible 45．A．transformed B．impressed C．increased D．limited 46．A．In brief B．As a result C．Even so D．Generally speaking 47．A．fact B．routine C．law D．details 48．A．have B．lack C．expect D．improve 49．A．answer B．provide C．handle D．collect 50．A．experimental B．risky C．unnecessary D．reliable 51．A．scared of B．open to C．pleased with D．responsible for 52．A．awareness B．innovation C．emotion D．curiosity 53．A．fitting in B．hanging on C．making sense D．achieving goals 54．A．refused B．blamed C．ignored D．contributed 55．A．civilization B．control C．loss D．pressure 【答案】 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．C 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．B 51．D 52．A 53．C 54．C 55．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了最近在社交网络上突然走红的聊天机器人ChatGPT，谈到了它受到用户关注的原因以及引发的问题。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的受欢迎程度如此之高，以至于在发布几天后，开发这款聊天机器人的人工智能公司OpenAI宣布，已有100万人使用过它。A. attempt尝试；B. popularity受欢迎；C. purpose目的；D. solution解决方法。根据上文“has dominated social networks in recent weeks.”以及下文“announced that 1 million people had used”可推知，此处表示该软件是如此之大，以至于推出这款聊天机器人的人工智能公司OpenAI宣布，在它发布的几天内，就有100万人使用它。故选B项。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，Facebook和Spotify花了几个月时间才吸引到这样的参与程度。A. level水平，程度；B. quality质量；C. focus焦点；D. goal目标。根据上文“announced that 1 million people had used.”可知，ChatGPT几天就有100万人登录了,相比之下，Facebook和Spotify花了几个月时间才吸引到这样的参与程度。故选A项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在软件中，没有什么新东西可以产生流畅和逻辑的写作。A. harmful伤害的；B. positive积极的；C. new新颖的；D. obvious明显的。根据下文“ChatGPT’s predecessor(前身), the Generative Pretrained Transformer 3 (GPT-3), could do that too.”可知，(GPT-3)也可以做到这一点，因此，在软件中没有什么新奇的东西能写出流畅而有逻辑的文字。故选C项。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两个程序都接受了难以想象的大量数据训练，以可信的方式回答问题。A. creative有创造力的；B. general普遍的；C. simple简单的；D. incredible难以置信的。根据下文“which significantly  _________  the truthfulness and informativeness(信息准确性) of its answers.”可推知，此处为两个程序都接受了难以想象的大量数据训练，以可信的方式回答问题。故选D项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但ChatGPT已经通过提供人类“对话”的数据进行了更新，这大大提高了其答案的真实性和信息量。A. transformed转换；B. impressed打动；C. increased增加；D. limited限制。根据前文“Both were trained on an unimaginably large amount of data to answer questions in a/an  _________  way.”，以及本句中“But ChatGPT has been updated by being given the data on human “conversations””可知，此处应为但ChatGPT通过输入人类“对话”数据进行了更新，这大大提高了其答案的真实性和信息量。故选C项。 46．考查固定短语辨析。句意：即便如此，ChatGPT仍然会给出一些看似合理但不正确或荒谬的答案。A. In brief简言之；B. As a result结果是；C. Even so即便如此；D. Generally speaking一般而言。根据下文“ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical”可推知，此处为即便如此，ChatGPT仍然会给出一些看似合理但实际上是不正确或毫无意义的答案。故选C项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就连机器人自己也会说：“我的回答并不打算被视为事实。”A. fact事实；B. routine惯例；C. law法律；D. details细节。根据上文“ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical”可知，ChatGPT仍然会给出一些看似合理但实际上是不正确或毫无意义的答案。因此就连机器人自己也会说：“我的回答并不打算被视为事实。”故选A项。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可能是互联网上的一个大问题，因为许多网络平台缺乏保护自己免受人工智能生成内容洪流影响的能力。A. have有；B. lack缺乏；C. expect期待；D. improve提高。根据该句中的“This might be a big problem on the Internet”以及“to protect themselves against a flood of AI-generated content.”可知，此处为这可能是互联网上的一个大问题，因为许多网络平台缺乏保护自己免受人工智能生成内容洪流影响的能力。故选B项。 49． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像Stack Overflow这样的网站，用户可以在上面找到与编程相关的问题的答案，不得不禁止ChatGPT发布的帖子，因为它的人工版主无法处理大量令人难以置信但错误的回复。A. answer回答；B. provide提供；C. handle处理；D. collect收集。根据下文“could be used to produce fake news and messages.”可推知，此处为因为它的人工版主无法处理大量可信但错误的回复。the volume of意为“大量的”，故选C项。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：提供可用于大规模制造假新闻和假信息的工具是有风险的。A. experimental实验性的；B. risky有风险的；C. unnecessary不需要的；D. reliable可靠的。 根据下文“Using Chat GPT too much raises the question of whether content produced by it can be truly trusted.”以及“In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon to harm people and society.”可推知，此处为提供可用于大规模制造假新闻和假信息的工具是有风险的。故选B项。 51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：人类作者要对自己的作品负责，而人工智能则不用。A. scared of害怕；B. open to对……开放；C. pleased with对……满意；D. responsible for对……负责。 根据下文“Artificial intelligence is not artificial ___________ : Chat GPT does not know what it is doing”可推知，此处为人类作者要对自己的作品负责，而人工智能则不用。故选D项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人工智能不是人工意识。A. awareness意识；B. innovation创新；C. emotion情感；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文“Chat GPT does not know what it is doing”可知，ChatGPT不知道它在做什么，因此人工智能不是人工意识。故选A项。 53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它不了解人类的经验，也不知道这些经验是否有意义。A. fitting in适合；B. hanging on坚持下去；C. making sense有意义；D. achieving goals实现目标。根据句意以及该句中的“it doesn’t have human experience”可知，此处为它不了解人类的经验，也不知道这些经验是否有意义。故选C项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人工智能的潜在危害不应被低估。A. refused拒绝；B. blamed责怪；C. ignored忽视；D. contributed有助于。根据下文“In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon to harm people and society.”可知，人工智能如果落入坏人之手，它可能成为伤害人类和社会的武器。因此其潜在危害不应被低估。故选C项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：OpenAI的研究人员警告说：“人类的监督和谨慎是必要的。”A. civilization文明；B. control控制；C. loss损失；D. pressure压力。根据上文“AI’s potential for harm should not be  ___________ . In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon to harm people and society.”可知，人工智能的潜在危害不应被低估。如果落入坏人之手，它可能成为伤害人类和社会的武器，因此人类对其监督和谨慎是必要的。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Food waste is one of the greatest challenges of our time, and fruit and vegetables are especially problematic, as about 52% of them go bad before 56 (eventual) reaching consumers. But one Malaysian company has come up 57 a simple solution to this problem — a tiny sticker (贴纸) that keeps fruit from 58 (go) bad for up to weeks. You’ve probably seen stickers on fruit before, but not like the ones created by the Malaysian company. Those common stickers are typically 59 (use) only to provide consumers with 60 (inform) about the growers and how the fruit was grown, 61 Stixfresh has a completely different purpose. It contains something special and all-natural that slows down the ripening (成熟) process, keeping the fruit fresh and juicy for much 62 (long). Stixfresh founder Zhafri Zainudin says that he thought of the idea for the stickers after visiting a friend 63 ran a fruit store. The man was worried about losing money every day because of bad fruit, but he knew that there was no way to stop nature from taking 64 (it) course. The Malaysian businessman worked with many 65 (university) to develop and test his sticker. At first, Stixfresh stickers were only used to lengthen the shelf-life of mangoes, but the company later worked on other fruit, like dragon fruit, star fruit, apples and pears. 【答案】 56．eventually 57．with 58．going 59．used 60．information 61．but 62．longer 63．who/that 64．its 65．universities 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了食物浪费是我们这个时代最大的挑战之一，一家马来西亚的公司提出了一个的简单解决方案：一个很小的贴纸可以使水果在长达数周的时间内不变质。 56．考查副词。句意：食物浪费是我们这个时代面临的最大挑战之一，水果和蔬菜的问题尤其严重，因为大约有52%的食物在最终到达消费者手中之前就已经变质了。使用副词作状语修饰动名词reaching，需要的词义为“最终”，为eventually，故填eventually。 57．考查固定短语。句意：但是一家马来西亚公司想出了一个简单的方法来解决这个问题——一种小贴纸，可以防止水果在长达几周的时间内变质。固定短语come up with：想出，故填with。 58．考查动名词。句意：但是一家马来西亚公司想出了一个简单的方法来解决这个问题——一种小贴纸，可以防止水果在长达几周的时间内变质。介词from后需用动名词作宾语，故填going。 59．考查时态和语态。句意：这些普通的贴纸通常只用于向消费者提供关于种植者的信息和水果是如何种植的信息，但Stixfresh有一个完全不同的目的。分析句子结构可知，空处谓语动词使用了一般现在时态的被动语态“are done”，表示被动意义，所以空处需用过去分词used，故填used。 60．考查名词。句意：这些普通的贴纸通常只用于向消费者提供关于种植者的信息和水果是如何种植的信息，但Stixfresh有一个完全不同的目的。空处需用名词作介词with的宾语，inform的名词是information，意为“信息”，为不可数名词，故填information。 61．考查并列连词。句意：这些普通的贴纸通常只用于向消费者提供关于种植者的信息和水果是如何种植的信息，但Stixfresh有一个完全不同的目的。分析句子结构可知，“Those common stickers are typically...only to provide consumers with...about the growers and how the fruit was grown”和“Stixfresh has a completely different purpose”为转折关系，使用并列连词but来连接，故填but。 62．考查比较级。句意：它含有一些特殊的全天然的东西，可以延缓成熟的过程，让水果保持新鲜多汁的时间更长。由空前修饰词much和句意的需要可知，空处需用long的比较级longer，表示“更长久”，Stixfresh目的就是让水果保持新鲜多汁的时间更长，故填longer。 63．考查定语从句。句意：Stixfresh的创始人Zhafri Zainudin说，他是在拜访一位经营水果店的朋友后想到这个贴纸的主意的。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是 a friend，指人，从句中缺少主语，则需用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，故填who或that。 64．考查代词。句意：这个人每天都担心因为坏水果而赔钱，但他知道没有办法阻止自然规律的发生。空处需用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词course，故填its。 65．考查名词的数。句意：这位马来西亚商人与许多大学合作开发并测试他的贴纸。many后接可数名词复数，university的复数为universities，故填universities。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Tom发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家，内容包括： 1.科学家介绍； 2.对你的影响。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, I’m glad that you show admiration for Chinese scientific achievement. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m glad that you show admiration for Chinese scientific achievement. One of my favorite Chinese scientists is Tu Youyou. She is renowned for her discovery of artemisinin, a breakthrough in the treatment of malaria. Tu Youyou’s work has had a profound impact on global health, saving countless lives in malaria-endemic regions. Personally, Tu Youyou’s dedication to scientific research and her perseverance in the face of challenges have inspired me. Her groundbreaking discovery highlights the importance of scientific innovation in addressing global health challenges. Sincerely, if you want to know more about this, you can write to me again. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。美国笔友Tom发来邮件，提到他对中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。要求考生用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家。 【详解】1.词汇积累 知名的： renowned →famous 影响：impact→ influence 奉献：dedication→devotion 真挚地：sincerely→ genuinely 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：One of my favorite Chinese scientists is Tu Youyou. 拓展句：One of my favorite Chinese scientists is Tu Youyou, who is a great female scientist. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Tu Youyou’s work has had a profound impact on global health, saving countless lives in malaria-endemic regions.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】 Her groundbreaking discovery highlights the importance of scientific innovation in addressing global health challenges.（运用了动名词作宾语的结构） 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In 2018, 17-year-old Hemesh spent a life-changing summer with his grandmother Anne, who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Witnessing the impact of the disease firsthand, Hemesh was awakened to the seriousness of the situation. One night, Hemesh walked into the kitchen only to discover that his grandmother had left the gas stove (炉) on after making tea. Shocked by the dangerous consequences Alzheimer’s disease could bring about, he couldn’t help but wonder what might have happened if he hadn’t been there. Hemesh’s worries increased as he observed his grandmother’s behavior. She would wake up in the early hours of the morning, believing she was on a train, and wander outside aimlessly. This wandering tendency could potentially lead her to get lost or put herself in risky situations. Determined to make a difference, Hemesh engaged himself in extensive research about Alzheimer’s disease and its symptomatic (症状的) progression. Through his studies, he discovered that wandering was a common problem among dementia patients, especially those with Alzheimer’s disease. Inspired by his newfound knowledge and fueled by his desire to help, Hemesh told his family, “I can’t just stand by and watch this happen. I need to do something to keep Grandma safe. I think I have an idea that might help not just her, but others in similar situations.” With firm determination, he developed an inventive answer to the wandering dilemma, a device he called the Guardian Companion. It was a wearable device, similar to a smartwatch, specifically designed for Alzheimer’s patients. It integrated advanced GPS technology and a panic button to assist those who tended to wander, ensuring their safety and well-being. After the device got its official approval, Hemesh happily went to try it on for his grandmother. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As Anne put on the Guardian Companion, Hemesh explained how it worked. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the next few weeks, the device made a difference to Anne and her family. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： As Anne put on the Guardian Companion, Hemesh explained how it worked. He reassured her that it would help keep her safe. With a mixture of curiosity and skepticism, Anne agreed to give it a try. The device fit comfortably on her wrist. Hemesh walked his grandmother through the features, showing her how to use the panic button. Anne’s eyes lit up with a glimmer of hope, and for the first time since her diagnosis, she felt a sense of regained independence. In the next few weeks, the device made a difference to Anne and her family. Not only did it provide a sense of security for Anne, but it also relieved the constant worry for her loved ones. The device brought peace of mind to the entire family, knowing that Anne was protected even when they couldn’t be by her side. Hemesh’s creation had truly transformed dementia care, and he found himself on a new mission to make the device accessible to as many people as possible, ensuring that no one had to face the challenges of Alzheimer’s disease alone. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了2018年，17岁的Hemesh和被诊断患有阿尔茨海默病的祖母Anne度过了一个改变人生的夏天。Hemesh亲眼目睹了这种疾病对祖母的影响的严重性，主要表现为“闲荡”。出于对于祖母安全的考虑，凭着坚定的决心，他发明了一种可穿戴装置，类似于智能手表，专门为患有阿尔茨海默病患者设计。通过该装置的使用，祖母不仅在人身安全方面得到了保障，也在精神上有了自由保证。不仅如此，Hemesh希望可以对该装置进行跟进和改善，以适用于更多的患有阿尔茨海默病的人。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“As Anne put on the Guardian Companion, Hemesh explained how it worked. (当Anne戴上“守护伴侣”时，Hemesh解释了它是如何工作的。)”可知，第一段可描写Hemesh对这个装置的具体解释和演示使用方法。 ②由第二段首句内容“In the next few weeks, the device made a difference to Anne and her family. (在接下来的几个星期里，这个装置对Anne和她的家人产生了影响。)”可知，第二段可描写这个装置对于Anne和家人的具体影响，以及Hemesh的打算。 2.续写线索：劝服Anne戴上“守护伴侣”——解释功能——点燃希望——“守护伴侣”给Anne和家人带来的积极影响——Hemesh的打算 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①演示/展示：show/display/reveal/present ②提供：provide/offer/give ③带来/导致：bring/produce/cause ④知道/了解：know/learn about/be aware of/make sure 情绪类 ①希望/信心：with a glimmer of hope/wishfully/hopefully ②担心/焦虑：constant worry/anxiety 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Not only did it provide a sense of security for Anne, but it also relieved the constant worry for her loved ones.（使用了“Not only…”置于句首的部分倒装句式） [高分句型2]. The device brought peace of mind to the entire family, knowing that Anne was protected even when they couldn’t be by her side.（“knowing that Anne was protected even when they couldn’t be by her side”为现在分词作状语，且that引导从句，作动词“knowing”的宾语从句） [高分句型3]. Hemesh’s creation had truly transformed dementia care, and he found himself on a new mission to make the device accessible to as many people as possible, ensuring that no one had to face the challenges of Alzheimer’s disease alone.（由and连接前后两个并列句；“ensuring that no one had to face the challenges of Alzheimer’s disease alone”为现在分词作状语，且that引导从句作动词“ensuring”的宾语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null