03选择性必修第一册高考题型综合训练（人教版2019）-2024年高二英语培优提升暑假作业

03选择性必修第一册高考题型综合训练 一、阅读理解 （一） Marie Curie, born in Sklodovka, Poland in 1876, led a hard life as a girl. Her parents, both teachers, had small salaries and were quite poor, especially after her mother stopped teaching to raise five children and take care of her poor health. Marie’s mother suffered from tuberculosis (肺结核) and died of it when Marie was ten. When Marie was small, she showed great interest in science. She loved to study and hoped to become a scientist when she grew up. Her parents encouraged her interest in science. Excellent as she was in her studies, she couldn’t go on with the advanced education she needed because Poland was then ruled by Russia and women were not permitted to go to college. In order to continue her education, she smoothed away many difficulties and entered Paris University, where she lived a simple life and studied hard, so she graduated with the highest grades in her class. After graduation she was engaged in scientific research in Paris University. There she met Pierre Curie, whom she married. Pierre joined her in her research into an unknown phenomenon “radiation”, which a certain scientist had declared that uranium gave off. The Curie spent several years trying their best to find the element that produced radiation.Finally they succeeded in 1902. Marie Curie won two Nobel Prizes, one for physics in 1906, together with her husband and another scientist; the other for chemistry herself in 1911. Madame Curie was a scientist of great achievement, and the first woman ever to be honored in the Nobel Prize history. 1．When Marie was young,her family became poorer because________. A．the family had five children B．Marie’s mother gave up her job C．Marie’s father had a small salary D．the family was cruelly taxed by the Russians 2．Marie couldn’t continue the advanced education because_______. A．she wanted to help her father to support the family B．her father couldn’t afford to send her to college C．colleges in Poland would not take women as students then D．her grades were very poor 3．What proves Marie was the best student in her class is that________. A．her grades were the highest in her class B．she smoothed away many difficulties and entered Paris University C．she did research work after her graduation D．she won the Nobel Prize finally 4．The best title for this passage is _______. A．Madame Curie’s Interest in Science B．Madame Curie and Radiation C．Marie Curie’s Childhood D．A Brief Introduction of Madame Curie’s Life （二） Imagine if your clothes could pick up the sounds of everything going on around you. Scientists have created a fibre (纤维) which can pick up sounds and could be used as a hearing aid, to monitor heartbeats or even in spacecraft. The new fibre works like a microphone. It picks up sounds and turns them into vibrations (震动) and then electrical signals, in a similar way to how ears work. When woven (编织) into a shirt, the researchers say the fibre can even detect a wearer’s heartbeat. The fibre can hear sounds as low as those in a quiet library to louder sounds like heavy road traffic. It can even accurately tell the direction of sudden sounds like handclaps. The fibre was created by engineers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and researchers at Rhode Island School of Design. “Wearing a piece of clothing that can hear, you might talk through it to answer phone calls and communicate with others,” said lead author Yet Wan, who created the technology at MIT. Once they had created the fibre, the team wove it into a more traditional piece of clothing which was much more flexible. When it was woven into the back of a shirt it was able to pick up the sound of people clapping, even picking up the direction the clapping was coming from. When woven into the shirt’s inner lining (内衬) it could pick up the person’s heartbeat, which the researchers think could be used in a pregnant woman’s clothes to monitor a baby’s heartbeat. As well as wearable hearing aids, and clothes that track your heartbeat, the team says there are possibilities beyond clothing. “It can be integrated with spacecraft skin to listen to space dust, or embedded into (嵌入) buildings to detect cracks or strains,” Yet suggests. “It can even be woven into a smart net to monitor fish in the ocean.” 5．What is the scientists’ new invention? A．A lightweight fibre. B．A new spacecraft skin. C．A fibre that can hear. D．A microphone that can talk. 6．What can we learn about the new material? A．It is easily distracted by loud sounds.   B．It can even pick up faint sounds. C．It works more accurately than human ears. D．It fails to recognise the direction of sounds. 7．What did the team do after creating the new material? A．They wove it into babies’ clothes. B．They turned it into a fishnet. C．They put it into mass production. D．They tested its performance. 8．What do Yet’s words in the last paragraph suggest? A．The fibre has a wide range of applications. B．The fibre can bring in a big profit. C．The fibre needs to be improved. D．The fibre is less flexible than traditional clothes. （三） In order to survive trips to Mars, humans need oxygen. Now, a team of scientists has designed a robot that could extract oxygen from water on the Red Planet. The robot, which is called “AI chemist”, used a machine learning model to find a compound that could ignite an oxygen-producing chemical reaction on Mars. The compound, known as a catalyst (催化剂), is made entirely from elements found in Martian meteorites (陨石) — which means, if such a system could work reliably, space travelers would not need to bring oxygen or even the catalyst needed to produce it. Mars’ atmosphere contains only trace amounts of oxygen. But scientists have detected evidence of liquid water beneath the planet’s southern ice cap. To create the breathable gas, researchers wanted to find a way to break down this water into its hydrogen and oxygen molecules using materials found on Mars. Their robot analyzed five meteorites that either came from Mars or had a composition similar to that of the Martian surface. Using a laser, it identified significant amounts of iron, nickel, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and manganese in the samples. From these six elements, the robot’s algorithm (算法) deter-mined it could produce more than 3.7 million possible molecules to break down water and form oxygen on Mars. According to the researchers, finding the best one from this extensive list would take roughly 2,000 years of human labor, but for the AI chemist, it took only weeks. “On the Earth, we don’t use these six elements,” Yi Luo, a co-author of the study says. “They are not the best choices for catalysts, but it’s only what you’ve got on Mars.” With its chosen catalyst, the system could produce oxygen from the Martian materials at around - 37℃, demonstrating the chemical reaction could be possible on the cold Martian surface. Notably, the robot was able to carry out the entire process — analyzing the rock samples, identifying the Jest possible catalyst and producing it without human intervention. 9．What inspired the scientists to design the robot that could extract oxygen? A．Surviving on the Earth. B．Trips to Mars. C．Traveling on the Moon. D．Water shortage. 10．What is the basis of extracting oxygen on Mars? A．The existence of water and catalyst on Mars. B．The oxygen that Mars’ atmosphere contains. C．The scientists’ previous study on meteorites. D．The low cost of “AI chemist”. 11．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The finding of six elements. B．The advantages of the robots. C．The process of producing oxygen. D．The formation of the meteorites. 12．What is the writer’s attitude towards “AI chemist”? A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Favorable. D．Indifferent. （四） Many robots track objects by “sight”as they work with them, but optical (光学的) sensors can’t take in an item’s entire shape when it’s in the dark or partially blocked from view. Now a new low-cost technique lets a robotic hand “feel”an unfamiliar object’s form- and skillfully handle it based on this information alone. University of California, San Diego, roboticist Wang Xiaolong and his team wanted to find out whether complex actions could be achieved in robotics using only simple touch data. The researchers attached 16 contact sensors, each costing about and fingers of a four-fingered robot hand. These sensors simply indicate if an object is touching the hand or not. “While one sensor doesn’t catch much, a lot of them can help you capture different aspects of the object”, Wang says. In this case, the robot’s task was to rotate (旋转) items placed in its palm. They first ran simulations (模拟) to collect enough touch data as a virtual robot hand practiced rotating objects, including balls and other irregular objects. Using information from each sensor, the team built a computer model that determines an object’s position at every step of the handling process and moves the fingers to rotate it smoothly and stably. Next, they transferred this capability to operate a real robot hand, which successfully controlled previously unfamiliar objects such as apples, tomatoes, soup cans and rubber ducks. Transfering the computer model to the real world was relatively easy because the sensor data were so simple. However, New York University’s Lerrel Pinto, who studies robots’ interactions, wonders whether the system would fail at more complicated tasks. So, in future work, Wang’s group aims to tackle more complex movements as well as to add sensors in places such as the sides of the fingers. “This means that there will be more accurate information from touching that allows reconstructing the object shape,”Wang says. The researchers will also try adding vision to complement touch data for handling complicated shapes. 13．Why did Wang Xiaolong’s group conduct the research? A．To develop a robot with advanced optical sensors. B．To explore the use of touch data in complex robotic actions. C．To investigate the impact of lighting on robotic recognition. D．To create a robotic hand to take hold of familiar objects. 14．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The function of robot hands in Wang’s research. B．The way that robot hands capture different objects. C．The type of contact sensors attached to the robot hand. D．The working principle of robot hands in Wang’s research. 15．How did the researchers gather touch data for the robotic hand’s training? A．They used real-world objects. B．They used complex optical sensors. C．They relied on vision-based technology. D．They conducted simulations with a robot hand. 16．What is Wang Xiaolong’s attitude towards Pinto’s concern over the system? A．In different. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Dismissive. 二、七选五 （一） Four surprising ways algae (藻类) are driving innovation Algae can be a double-edged sword. Increased human activity and climate change have caused explosions of algae populations in water bodies around the world sometimes choking entire ecosystems of sunlight and oxygen. Even though they are so closely associated with humanity’s negative impact on Earth, algae could also play key roles in helping fight pollution, viruses, and more. 17 Filtering (过滤) water. With microplastic pollution documented in almost all water bodies, a recent study shows that through absorption, algae can help filter microplastics out of water. 18 Fueling air travel. 19 Researchers at a German algae cultivation facility are already using it to fuel drones. They believe this and other sustainable fuels could reduce carbon emissions from airplanes by up to 80 percent. Fighting viruses. Red algae can prevent the replication (复制) of some viruses, including COVID-19, according to a 2020 study. 20 Thus, it could become a powerful medication to treat HIV, the virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (AIDS). 21 In 2019, freshwater algae were launched into space to turn the carbon dioxide exhaled (呼出) by astronauts on the International Space Station into oxygen. Since algae are also high in protein, they could replace up to 30 percent of astronaut food in the future. A．Making space food more nutritious. B．Making long-term space travel possible. C．These are several ways algae are solving modern problems. D．Some algae can also filter chemicals that can be used in fertilizers. E．Brown algae have been shown to stimulate the body’s immune system. F．Algae can produce more effective biofuels than traditional sources like soybeans. G．It aims to harvest algae for energy while keeping the environment pollution-free. （二） The history of the school bus can date back to 1886 when the Wayne Works company made horse-drawn carriages (四轮马车) known as “ school wagons” or “kid hacks” in Indiana. 22 In the early 1900s, the car industry was beginning to develop fast. 23 The company managed to make its carriages powered by engines. But the design remained mostly the same as that of the previous ones, with students sitting along the walls of the bus while facing inside. In 1927, a man built the first bus that primarily used steel. Before long, Wayne Works introduced the first all-steel school bus body with safety glass windows. 24 This led to a turning point in the history of the school bus in 1939, when a conference was organised at Manhattan College to develop school bus standards. Many new national standards were created, determining everything from seating designs to the famous yellow color that school buses still sport today. The reason why the color was chosen was simple. 25 The color is especially easy to see in the early morning and evening light when school buses usually operate. 26 For example, a variety of changes have been made to enable the school bus to not only be safer but also have better fuel (燃料) economy, be easier to drive, etc. The most creative approach among all of these is probably a kind of stop signal arm that warns traffic of a stop in progress, which states began to require in the early 1950s. A．Horses were easy to control. B．Not all chose to paint their buses yellow. C．Yellow is quite eye-catching to human beings. D．Before then, many children simply walked to school. E．Now, school buses have had many more improvements. F．Still, parents were increasingly concerned for children’s safety. G．This gave Wayne Works a great opportunity to improve its carriages. （三） If you think of the jobs robots could never do, you would probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list. It’s easy to imagine robot cleaners and factory workers, but some jobs need human connection and creativity. But are we underestimating (低估) what robots can do? 27 Also, some patients might feel more comfortable sharing personal information with a machine than a person. 28 British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so. And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom: 2027. 29 And teachers will be like assistants. Intelligent robots will read students’ facial expressions, body movements and maybe even brain signals. Then they will adapt the information to each student. It’s not a popular opinion and it’s unlikely robots will ever have empathy (同感) and the ability to really connect with humans like another human can. One thing is certain, though. 30 In some parts of the world, there aren’t enough teachers and 9-16 percent of children under the age of 14 don’t go to school. That problem could be partly solved by robots because they can teach anywhere. Teachers all over the world are leaving because it is a difficult job and they feel overworked. Perhaps the question is not “Will robots replace teachers?” but “How can robots help teachers?” Office workers can use software to do things. 31 If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best. A．Teachers can be replaced by robots. B．A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all. C．Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work. D．He predicts robots will do the main job of transferring information. E．Could there be a place for robots in education after all? F．Robots can save time that teachers spend in teaching in classroom. G．In some cases, they already perform better than doctors at diagnosing (诊断) illness. （四） Use Body Language to Build Trust Body language can help people see you as more trustworthy, resulting in stronger relationships at home, work and school. Although some gestures vary across cultures, there’re certain basic body language gestures. Keep eye contact when someone is talking. 32 So put your phone down and listen with your eyes. Building stronger human ties makes it easier to trust people and know more about them. Uncross your arms and legs. 33 However, that will close you off. You’re unknowingly communicating something negative because you’ve positioned your body in a way that blocks any basis for building trust. 34 Thus, you’ll look more open to hearing others’ thoughts. 35 Sitting behind a desk creates another obstacle that could make the person you’re talking to put his or her own walls up. According to Professor Carla Chamberlin-Quinlisk, sitting at a table with her students encourages them to be more vocal during class. So try the smart way to get your boss to trust you. Limit your own note taking. Sometimes notes are necessary when you’re talking to a coworker, but make sure all that doesn’t get in the way of your eye contact. If you’re constantly writing down what the other person says, that person could start feeling self-conscious. What’s more, taking notes makes the other person feel uncomfortable. 36 A．Don’t sit behind a desk. B．Make sure your body looks open. C．Nod and smile while someone is talking. D．You might only be crossing your arms and legs because you’re cold. E．It will help build trust because it shows real interest. F．And they may question like “Why are they writing that down?” G．Unfortunately, most people have no training on how to read body language. 三、完形填空 （一） In Las Vegas, one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading has led to the creation of a groundbreaking approach in educational technology. Meet Dave Vinzant, father to 8-year-old Aubrie, who 37 difficulties in reading at school. “It was about halfway through the first grade that we realized she couldn’t 38 ,” said Vinzant. Despite their efforts, 39 methods weren’t bringing about the desired results. “The 40 level was really high,” Vinzant-recalled. “After an hour of trying to get through a 10-15 page little book, she was 41 .” Determined to find a solution, Vinzant took matters into his own hands. Although 42 a background in computer programming, he made up his mind to develop a tool that could effectively 43 his daughter. The result? A free 44 called WordStumble. WordStumble isn’t 45 any reading app-Powered by artificial intelligence, specifically ChatGPT, the program customizes (定制) stories for each user. “What is 46 is that it can take all of those words that she knows-or struggles with and it 47 a customized children’s story,” Vinzant explained. For Vinzant, the success of WordStumble isn’t just 48 ; he wants to share with others. With his dedication and innovation, Vinzant is not only changing the landscape of reading apps but-also giving 49 to countless parents and children facing similar challenges. And as WordStumble continues to 50 , it’s clear that the power of one person’s passion can make a world of 51 for young learners everywhere. 37．A．dealt with B．ran into C．got through D．brought about 38．A．smile B．read C．respond D．jog 39．A．scientific B．alternative C．creative D．traditional 40．A．surprise B．regret C．frustration D．pleasure 41．A．crying B．joking C．dancing D．singing 42．A．providing B．ensuring C．lacking D．requiring 43．A．persuade B．assist C．amuse D．rescue 44．A．brochure B．textbook C．advertisement D．application 45．A．still B．also C．even D．simply 46．A．familiar B．magical C．reasonable D．strange 47．A．returns B．remembers C．spreads D．recalls 48．A．initial B．popular C．personal D．convenient 49．A．courage B．determination C．hope D．imagination 50．A．improve B．survive C．transform D．perform 51．A．instruction B．task C．memory D．difference （二） Sarkar is a nanotechnologist (纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT. She is conducting her research on brain diseases that 52 the minds of millions of people worldwide. Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 53 . Her courage as a researcher comes from her 54 , who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by 55 to fund her own education. Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father 56 her interest in engineering. Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his 57 , fashioning devices to make home life more 58 , including an electricity-free washing machine. “That got me very 59 in science and technology.” Sarkar says. After 60 a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad, Sarkar 61 California to study nanoclectronics. There, she tested new ways to 62 nanodevices that could reduce the amount of 63 consumed by computers and other everyday electronics. 64 , she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice. Along the way, Sarkar became fascinated with the 65 , which she calls “the lowest energy computer”. She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains. “Our brains are 66 , but we could be better than what we are.” she says. 52．A．enrich B．read C．affect D．poison 53．A．birds B．researchers C．failures D．inspirations 54．A．aunt B．mother C．sister D．grandmother 55．A．working B．pretending C．refusing D．waiting 56．A．protected B．switched C．stimulated D．supported 57．A．job B．holiday C．discomfort D．passion 58．A．complex B．convenient C．peaceful D．meaningful 59．A．interested B．honest C．lucky D．disappointed 60．A．starting B．carning C．needing D．introducing 61．A．adapted to B．related to C．headed to D．belonged to 62．A．create B．fix C．operate D．sell 63．A．water B．money C．power D．time 64．A．Unfortunately B．Immediately C．Obviously D．Eventually 65．A．computer B．brain C．exercise D．fashion 66．A．empty B．busy C．relaxed D．remarkable （三） Meghana first found her passion in middle school when she successfully created water filters (过滤器) to help Indian families struggling with waterborne (水传播的) illnesses. She 67 the opportunity to be able to help people and improve their life. Ever since she was in middle school, Meghana has been quite interested in 68 research. Her first inventions were water filters, which she was inspired to 69 after hearing about rural communities 70 the waterborne illnesses. Her latest invention, electrodes (电极) for supercapacitors (超级电容器), is also 71 to environmental science and is part of her interest in the field. The 72 , filled with trial and error, hasn’t been 73 . Through ten months of research, Meghana was able to create an electrode. This creation, costing less than $1, was very 74 friendly. Meghana has used her knowledge to help others who are also 75 about science. Following the success of her science fair projects, many science students connected with her, wanting her help on their research projects. Soon, lots of 76 came seeking help, and Meghana couldn’t 77 all of them. 78 , Meghana still wanted to help as many people as possible. She 79 a ScienceFair Workshop Series program at her high school. Not only does the program help encourage students interested in science to participate in science fair projects, it also helps form a positive community where students can ask one another questions. Bringing the program to her school is just one step towards her 80 changing the world through education. She is concerned about how difficult it is for people who have trouble 81 education resources. “A good education allows people to think creatively, which eventually leads to development around the world,” said Meghana. 67．A．misunderstood B．loved C．doubted D．abandoned 68．A．social B．industrial C．medical D．scientific 69．A．make B．require C．repair D．evaluate 70．A．overlooking B．directing C．facing D．replacing 71．A．related B．adapted C．compared D．opposed 72．A．record B．examination C．process D．appeal 73．A．original B．complex C．similar D．easy 74．A．chemically B．economically C．culturally D．historically 75．A．nervous B．embarrassed C．upset D．curious 76．A．requests B．habits C．warnings D．standards 77．A．give away B．call on C．reply to D．depend on 78．A．However B．Instead C．Otherwise D．Also 79．A．envied B．bothered C．approved D．started 80．A．impression on B．commitment to C．independence of D．reference to 81．A．supplying B．commenting C．accessing D．removing （四） Back in 1930, one economist predicted that with technological change and improvements in productivity, we’d only be working 15 hours a week by now. But while working hours have 82 by 26%, most of us still average 42.5 hours a week. One of the things he underestimated is the human desire to 83 with our peers. So when some predicted that automation would create an extra amount of 84 time, needless to say, that didn’t happen. In the 1980s, managers could demand employees under the 85 that jobs could be given to someone else thanks to computerization. The 86 piled on. Overwork has been proven to 87 many diseases and even death. 88 we carried on — until COVID-19 came along. Besides making us work longer hours from home, COVID-19 bas also 89 the move towards the adoption of automated machine. By 2050, some professor predicts that at least 40% of current jobs will be lost to 90 . There are 91 . Jobs that involve complex social interactions are all likely to 92 the AI revolution. As are jobs that rely on creativity. The same also goes for 93 jobs, due to the large number of different objects and the variety of ways those objects need to be cleaned. Also, robots are unlikely to 94 in the “work” of taking care of children, preparing lunchboxes, etc. Those whose work falls outside the caring, cleaning or creative field will still work in future, just 95 . In about 60% of occupations, a third of the tasks can be automated, meaning changes to the way we work. One study has predicted that over the next 20 years, 7.2 million new jobs will be 96 as a result. So we will work in future: we just don’t know what we’ll be doing yet. 82．A．declined B．increased C．continued D．kept 83．A．disagree B．compete C．cooperate D．identify 84．A．working B．tough C．leisure D．active 85．A．fantasy B．influence C．threat D．impression 86．A．joy B．cash C．ambition D．pressure 87．A．attend to B．lead to C．appeal to D．add to 88．A．Otherwise B．Still C．Furthermore D．Therefore 89．A．speeded up B．followed up C．prepared for D．planned for 90．A．overwork B．labour C．automation D．science 91．A．dreams B．models C．expectations D．exceptions 92．A．cause B．cease C．survive D．undergo 93．A．caring B．cleaning C．curing D．coaching 94．A．assist B．exist C．believe D．understand 95．A．hardly B．differently C．unfortunately D．probably 96．A．lost B．recovered C．substituted D．created 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （一） More young people are trying their hand at farming the soil. Guo Lan, 29, works in a vegetable greenhouse on his organic farm 97 (locate) in the suburban district of Hefei, East China’s Anhui province. It is the eighth time this summer that Guo has failed to grow vegetables 98 using chemicals. Despite trying various homemade pest solutions, such as plant ash and mixtures of pepper and alcohol, the vegetable 99 (leaf) were still being eaten by insects. “I will not give up 100 (try),” the 29-year-old accountant-turned-farmer says. He is determined to turn his farm into 101 organic one, cultivating fruits and vegetables with the same flavors as those from his childhood memories. “Growing tasty and healthy food 102 (be) my dream since I was a teenager. I know 103 challenging it can be, but if you take the soil 104 (serious), I believe it will pay off,” Guo says. He adds that farming is not a business that can make quick money, but for him, it has become an uplifting activity that brings back memories of spending time on the farm with 105 (he) parents as a child. Guo’s passion for organic farming and commitment to producing healthy food will surely inspire more young people to explore 106 (sustain) agriculture. （二） A special tea picker has been operating at a West Lake Longjing tea plantation in Hangzhou recently. It is the world's first tea-picking robot. The robot uses two mechanical arms to move back and forth as it searches 107 tea buds （芽）. When it locates one, it uses a pair of scissors and a suction （抽吸） device 108 (attach) to the end of its arm to cut and collect the tea buds. It 109 (equip) with a pair of 3D eyes that can 110 (automatic) identify tender tea leaves through artificial intelligence technology. People firstly take many photos to tell the machine about the targets 111 it can pick, and when the photos are enough, the machine will learn by 112 ( it). The technology is also constantly improving. It has now been upgraded to the fifth generation, and it takes just 1. 5 seconds 113 (pick) a tea bud, with an 114 (accurate) rate of 86 percent. Ruan Jianyun, a tea expert, said, "We still have two problems. One problem is the efficiency and quality of tea picking, and 115 other is the cost of the machine." In recent years, mechanization has been widely applied in the tea production industry. However, the picking of high-quality tea still 116 (rely) on human labor. （三） BYD, or Biyadi, is a leading Chinese automotive company that specializes in new energy vehicles, including electric cars and buses. 117 (establish) in Shenzhen in 2003 by Wang Chuanfu, 118 expert in battery technology, BYD initially made its mark in the battery industry. The company’s name, meaning ‘Build Your Dreams’, reflects 119 (it) ambitious vision. BYD 120 (focus) on developing electric and hybrid vehicles from the very beginning, taking advantage of its excellent battery technology. BYD’s commitment to innovation has led to the production of several 121 (true) successful models, such as the F3DM, the world’s first mass-produced plug-in hybrid car, and the E6, an electric crossover. Over the years, BYD has expanded its reach globally, selling vehicles in numerous countries and establishing research and 122 (produce) facilities internationally. The company has also diversified into other areas, including solar energy and LED technology, reflecting its broader commitment to 123 (sustain) development. BYD has been at the forefront of the electric vehicle revolution, investing heavily in research and development. Its innovative Blade Battery technology, introduced in 2020, aims to enhance the safety and performance of EV batteries, 124 so far has still been a major concern for the market. Today, BYD continues to grow, driven by its mission to create a 125 (green) future. With a diverse range of products and a strong 126 (present) in both domestic and international markets, BYD is a symbol of China’s rise as a major player in the global automotive industry. （四） When we think of paper, we think of newspapers and books. But there are many other uses. Only half of the world’s paper 127 (use) for books and newspapers. Paper is very good for 128 (keep) you warm. You have perhaps seen homeless men 129 (sleep) on large numbers of newspapers. In Finland, it is sometimes -40℃ in winter. The farmers wear paper boots (靴子) in the snow. Nothing could be 130 (warm). Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper cups 131 plates for a long time. But now we hear 132 chairs, tables, and even 133 (bed) can be made of paper. Besides paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper dresses, and paper raincoats. When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones. The latest use of paper 134 (seem) to be paper houses. These are not small houses for children to play in, but real, big houses for people to live in. You can buy 135 house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by 136 (you) in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 03选择性必修第一册高考题型综合训练 一、阅读理解 （一） Marie Curie, born in Sklodovka, Poland in 1876, led a hard life as a girl. Her parents, both teachers, had small salaries and were quite poor, especially after her mother stopped teaching to raise five children and take care of her poor health. Marie’s mother suffered from tuberculosis (肺结核) and died of it when Marie was ten. When Marie was small, she showed great interest in science. She loved to study and hoped to become a scientist when she grew up. Her parents encouraged her interest in science. Excellent as she was in her studies, she couldn’t go on with the advanced education she needed because Poland was then ruled by Russia and women were not permitted to go to college. In order to continue her education, she smoothed away many difficulties and entered Paris University, where she lived a simple life and studied hard, so she graduated with the highest grades in her class. After graduation she was engaged in scientific research in Paris University. There she met Pierre Curie, whom she married. Pierre joined her in her research into an unknown phenomenon “radiation”, which a certain scientist had declared that uranium gave off. The Curie spent several years trying their best to find the element that produced radiation.Finally they succeeded in 1902. Marie Curie won two Nobel Prizes, one for physics in 1906, together with her husband and another scientist; the other for chemistry herself in 1911. Madame Curie was a scientist of great achievement, and the first woman ever to be honored in the Nobel Prize history. 1．When Marie was young,her family became poorer because________. A．the family had five children B．Marie’s mother gave up her job C．Marie’s father had a small salary D．the family was cruelly taxed by the Russians 2．Marie couldn’t continue the advanced education because_______. A．she wanted to help her father to support the family B．her father couldn’t afford to send her to college C．colleges in Poland would not take women as students then D．her grades were very poor 3．What proves Marie was the best student in her class is that________. A．her grades were the highest in her class B．she smoothed away many difficulties and entered Paris University C．she did research work after her graduation D．she won the Nobel Prize finally 4．The best title for this passage is _______. A．Madame Curie’s Interest in Science B．Madame Curie and Radiation C．Marie Curie’s Childhood D．A Brief Introduction of Madame Curie’s Life 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了居里夫人的艰苦生活和她在科学上的伟大成就。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Her parents, both teachers, had small salaries and were quite poor, especially after her mother stopped teaching to raise five children and take care of her poor health.(她的父母都是教师，工资很低，而且很穷，尤其是在她母亲为了抚养五个孩子和照顾她不好的身体而停止教学之后。)”可知，居里夫人的妈妈放弃了工作来抚养五个孩子和照顾自己身体的时候，家里更贫穷了。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Excellent as she was in her studies, she couldn’t go on with the advanced education she needed because Poland was then ruled by Russia and women were not permitted to go to college.(尽管她的学习成绩很好，但她无法继续接受她所需要的高等教育，因为当时波兰被俄罗斯统治，女性不允许上大学。)”可知，当时的波兰学校里是不收女学生的，C项符合题意。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“In order to continue her education, she smoothed away many difficulties and entered Paris University, where she lived a simple life and studied hard, so she graduated with the highest grades in her class.(为了继续深造，她克服了重重困难，考入了巴黎大学。在巴黎大学，她生活简单，学习刻苦，所以她以全班第一的成绩毕业。)”可知，她毕业时的分数是班上最高的。由此推断，这个事实可以表明她是班上最棒的学生。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍了居里夫人的人生中一些重要的事情。所以“A Brief Introduction of Madame Curie’s Life(居里夫人的生活简介)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 （二） Imagine if your clothes could pick up the sounds of everything going on around you. Scientists have created a fibre (纤维) which can pick up sounds and could be used as a hearing aid, to monitor heartbeats or even in spacecraft. The new fibre works like a microphone. It picks up sounds and turns them into vibrations (震动) and then electrical signals, in a similar way to how ears work. When woven (编织) into a shirt, the researchers say the fibre can even detect a wearer’s heartbeat. The fibre can hear sounds as low as those in a quiet library to louder sounds like heavy road traffic. It can even accurately tell the direction of sudden sounds like handclaps. The fibre was created by engineers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and researchers at Rhode Island School of Design. “Wearing a piece of clothing that can hear, you might talk through it to answer phone calls and communicate with others,” said lead author Yet Wan, who created the technology at MIT. Once they had created the fibre, the team wove it into a more traditional piece of clothing which was much more flexible. When it was woven into the back of a shirt it was able to pick up the sound of people clapping, even picking up the direction the clapping was coming from. When woven into the shirt’s inner lining (内衬) it could pick up the person’s heartbeat, which the researchers think could be used in a pregnant woman’s clothes to monitor a baby’s heartbeat. As well as wearable hearing aids, and clothes that track your heartbeat, the team says there are possibilities beyond clothing. “It can be integrated with spacecraft skin to listen to space dust, or embedded into (嵌入) buildings to detect cracks or strains,” Yet suggests. “It can even be woven into a smart net to monitor fish in the ocean.” 5．What is the scientists’ new invention? A．A lightweight fibre. B．A new spacecraft skin. C．A fibre that can hear. D．A microphone that can talk. 6．What can we learn about the new material? A．It is easily distracted by loud sounds.   B．It can even pick up faint sounds. C．It works more accurately than human ears. D．It fails to recognise the direction of sounds. 7．What did the team do after creating the new material? A．They wove it into babies’ clothes. B．They turned it into a fishnet. C．They put it into mass production. D．They tested its performance. 8．What do Yet’s words in the last paragraph suggest? A．The fibre has a wide range of applications. B．The fibre can bring in a big profit. C．The fibre needs to be improved. D．The fibre is less flexible than traditional clothes. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家发明出能听到声音的纤维，这种纤维不仅能制成衣服监测心跳，还有望应用在更广泛的领域如太空飞船、建筑安全和海洋探索中。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Scientists have created a fibre (纤维) which can pick up sounds…(科学家发明了一种可以接收声音的纤维……)”可知，科学家的新发明是一种能听到声音的纤维。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The fibre can hear sounds as low as those in a quiet library to louder sounds like heavy road traffic.(这种纤维可以听到像安静的图书馆里那样低的声音，也可以听到像繁忙的道路交通那样大的声音。)”可知，这种新材料能听到微弱的声音。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Once they had created the fibre, the team wove it into a more traditional piece of clothing which was much more flexible. When it was woven into the back of a shirt it was able to pick up the sound of people clapping, even picking up the direction the clapping was coming from. When woven into the shirt’s inner lining (内衬) it could pick up the person’s heartbeat, which the researchers think could be used in a pregnant woman’s clothes to monitor a baby’s heartbeat. (一旦他们制造出这种纤维，该团队就把它编织成一件更传统、更灵活的衣服。当它被编织到衬衫的后面时，它能够捕捉到人们鼓掌的声音，甚至可以识别出鼓掌的方向。当它被织进衬衫的内衬时，它可以捕捉到人的心跳，研究人员认为，这可以用在孕妇的衣服上，来监测婴儿的心跳。)”可知，科学家发明出这种材料之后就对其性能进行了测试。故选D。 8．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“the team says there are possibilities beyond clothing. “It can be integrated with spacecraft skin to listen to space dust, or embedded into (嵌入) buildings to detect cracks or strains,” Yet suggests. “It can even be woven into a smart net to monitor fish in the ocean.”(该团队表示，除了服装之外，还有其他可能性。Yet建议:“它可以与航天器外壳集成以收听太空尘埃，或者嵌入建筑物以检测裂缝或应变。”“它甚至可以编织成一个智能网来监测海洋中的鱼类。”)”可知，这种材料除了制作成衣服之外还可能有更加广泛的用途。故选A。 （三） In order to survive trips to Mars, humans need oxygen. Now, a team of scientists has designed a robot that could extract oxygen from water on the Red Planet. The robot, which is called “AI chemist”, used a machine learning model to find a compound that could ignite an oxygen-producing chemical reaction on Mars. The compound, known as a catalyst (催化剂), is made entirely from elements found in Martian meteorites (陨石) — which means, if such a system could work reliably, space travelers would not need to bring oxygen or even the catalyst needed to produce it. Mars’ atmosphere contains only trace amounts of oxygen. But scientists have detected evidence of liquid water beneath the planet’s southern ice cap. To create the breathable gas, researchers wanted to find a way to break down this water into its hydrogen and oxygen molecules using materials found on Mars. Their robot analyzed five meteorites that either came from Mars or had a composition similar to that of the Martian surface. Using a laser, it identified significant amounts of iron, nickel, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and manganese in the samples. From these six elements, the robot’s algorithm (算法) deter-mined it could produce more than 3.7 million possible molecules to break down water and form oxygen on Mars. According to the researchers, finding the best one from this extensive list would take roughly 2,000 years of human labor, but for the AI chemist, it took only weeks. “On the Earth, we don’t use these six elements,” Yi Luo, a co-author of the study says. “They are not the best choices for catalysts, but it’s only what you’ve got on Mars.” With its chosen catalyst, the system could produce oxygen from the Martian materials at around - 37℃, demonstrating the chemical reaction could be possible on the cold Martian surface. Notably, the robot was able to carry out the entire process — analyzing the rock samples, identifying the Jest possible catalyst and producing it without human intervention. 9．What inspired the scientists to design the robot that could extract oxygen? A．Surviving on the Earth. B．Trips to Mars. C．Traveling on the Moon. D．Water shortage. 10．What is the basis of extracting oxygen on Mars? A．The existence of water and catalyst on Mars. B．The oxygen that Mars’ atmosphere contains. C．The scientists’ previous study on meteorites. D．The low cost of “AI chemist”. 11．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．The finding of six elements. B．The advantages of the robots. C．The process of producing oxygen. D．The formation of the meteorites. 12．What is the writer’s attitude towards “AI chemist”? A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Favorable. D．Indifferent. 【答案】9．B 10．A 11．C 12．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。为了在火星之旅中生存下来，人类需要氧气。现在，一组科学家设计了一种机器人，可以从红色星球上的水中提取氧气。文章主要介绍了这种可以提取氧气的机器人。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“In order to survive trips to Mars, humans need oxygen. Now, a team of scientists has designed a robot that could extract oxygen from water on the Red Planet.(为了在火星之旅中生存下来，人类需要氧气。现在，一组科学家设计了一种机器人，可以从红色星球上的水中提取氧气)”可知，去火星旅行启发了科学家们设计出可以提取氧气的机器人。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第二段“The compound, known as a catalyst(催化剂), is made entirely from elements found in Martian meteorites(陨石) — which means, if such a system could work reliably, space travelers would not need to bring oxygen or even the catalyst needed to produce it.(这种化合物被称为催化剂，完全由火星陨石中的元素制成——这意味着，如果这样的系统能够可靠地工作，太空旅行者将不需要携带氧气，甚至不需要制造氧气所需的催化剂)”以及第三段“But scientists have detected evidence of liquid water beneath the planet’s southern ice cap. To create the breathable gas, researchers wanted to find a way to break down this water into its hydrogen and oxygen molecules using materials found on Mars.(但科学家们已经发现了火星南部冰盖下存在液态水的证据。为了创造可呼吸的气体，研究人员希望找到一种方法，利用火星上发现的材料将这些水分解成氢和氧分子)”可知，在火星上提取氧气的基础是火星上存在水和催化剂。故选A。 11．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Their robot analyzed five meteorites that either came from Mars or had a composition similar to that of the Martian surface. Using a laser, it identified significant amounts of iron, nickel, calcium, magnesium, aluminum and manganese in the samples. From these six elements, the robot’s algorithm (算法) deter-mined it could produce more than 3.7 million possible molecules to break down water and form oxygen on Mars. According to the researchers, finding the best one from this extensive list would take roughly 2,000 years of human labor, but for the AI chemist, it took only weeks.(他们的机器人分析了五颗陨石，这些陨石要么来自火星，要么与火星表面的成分相似。利用激光，它在样品中发现了大量的铁、镍、钙、镁、铝和锰。根据这六种元素，机器人的算法确定它可以产生超过370万个可能的分子，在火星上分解水并形成氧气。根据研究人员的说法，从这个广泛的列表中找到最好的一个需要大约2000年的人类劳动，但对于人工智能化学家来说，只花了几周的时间)”可知，第四段主要讲了产生氧气的过程。故选C。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Notably, the robot was able to carry out the entire process — analyzing the rock samples, identifying the Jest possible catalyst and producing it without human intervention.(值得注意的是，机器人能够完成整个过程——分析岩石样本，识别最可能的催化剂，并在没有人工干预的情况下生产)”可知，作者对“AI化学家”是支持态度。故选C。 （四） Many robots track objects by “sight”as they work with them, but optical (光学的) sensors can’t take in an item’s entire shape when it’s in the dark or partially blocked from view. Now a new low-cost technique lets a robotic hand “feel”an unfamiliar object’s form- and skillfully handle it based on this information alone. University of California, San Diego, roboticist Wang Xiaolong and his team wanted to find out whether complex actions could be achieved in robotics using only simple touch data. The researchers attached 16 contact sensors, each costing about and fingers of a four-fingered robot hand. These sensors simply indicate if an object is touching the hand or not. “While one sensor doesn’t catch much, a lot of them can help you capture different aspects of the object”, Wang says. In this case, the robot’s task was to rotate (旋转) items placed in its palm. They first ran simulations (模拟) to collect enough touch data as a virtual robot hand practiced rotating objects, including balls and other irregular objects. Using information from each sensor, the team built a computer model that determines an object’s position at every step of the handling process and moves the fingers to rotate it smoothly and stably. Next, they transferred this capability to operate a real robot hand, which successfully controlled previously unfamiliar objects such as apples, tomatoes, soup cans and rubber ducks. Transfering the computer model to the real world was relatively easy because the sensor data were so simple. However, New York University’s Lerrel Pinto, who studies robots’ interactions, wonders whether the system would fail at more complicated tasks. So, in future work, Wang’s group aims to tackle more complex movements as well as to add sensors in places such as the sides of the fingers. “This means that there will be more accurate information from touching that allows reconstructing the object shape,”Wang says. The researchers will also try adding vision to complement touch data for handling complicated shapes. 13．Why did Wang Xiaolong’s group conduct the research? A．To develop a robot with advanced optical sensors. B．To explore the use of touch data in complex robotic actions. C．To investigate the impact of lighting on robotic recognition. D．To create a robotic hand to take hold of familiar objects. 14．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The function of robot hands in Wang’s research. B．The way that robot hands capture different objects. C．The type of contact sensors attached to the robot hand. D．The working principle of robot hands in Wang’s research. 15．How did the researchers gather touch data for the robotic hand’s training? A．They used real-world objects. B．They used complex optical sensors. C．They relied on vision-based technology. D．They conducted simulations with a robot hand. 16．What is Wang Xiaolong’s attitude towards Pinto’s concern over the system? A．In different. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Dismissive. 【答案】13．B 14．D 15．D 16．C 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍的是一项新的低成本技术可以让机器人手“感觉”一个不熟悉的物体的形状，并根据这些信息就能熟练地处理它。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“University of California, San Diego, roboticist Wang Xiaolong and his team wanted to find out whether complex actions could be achieved in robotics using only simple touch data.(加州大学圣地亚哥分校的机器人专家王晓龙和他的团队想要弄清楚，仅仅使用简单的触摸数据，机器人是否就能完成复杂的动作)”可知，王晓龙的团队进行这项研究是为了探索触摸数据在复杂机器人动作中的运用。故选B。 14．段落大意题。根据第三段的“The researchers attached 16 contact sensors, each costing about and fingers of a four-fingered robot hand. These sensors simply indicate if an object is touching the hand or not. “While one sensor doesn’t catch much, a lot of them can help you capture different aspects of the object”, Wang says. In this case, the robot’s task was to rotate items placed in its palm.(研究人员安装了16个接触式传感器，每个传感器的成本约为四指机器人手的两根手指。这些传感器只是指示一个物体是否接触到手。“虽然一个传感器不能捕捉到很多，但很多传感器可以帮助你捕捉物体的不同方面，”王说。在这种情况下，机器人的任务是旋转放在手掌中的物品) ”可知，该段主要介绍模拟实验中安装了接触式传感器的机械手臂的工作原理。故选D。 15．细节理解题。根据第四段的“They first ran simulations to collect enough touch data as a virtual robot hand practiced rotating objects, including balls and other irregular objects. Using information from each sensor, the team built a computer model that determines an object’s position at every step of the handling process and moves the fingers to rotate it smoothly and stably.(他们首先进行模拟，以收集足够的触摸数据，让虚拟机器人手练习旋转物体，包括球和其他不规则物体。利用来自每个传感器的信息，该团队建立了一个计算机模型，该模型可以在处理过程的每一步确定物体的位置，并移动手指以平稳地旋转物体)”可知，研究者们是通过模拟实验来搜集数据的。故选D。 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“So, in future work, Wang’s group aims to tackle more complex movements as well as to add sensors in places such as the sides of the fingers. “This means that there will be more accurate information from touching that allows reconstructing the object shape,”Wang says. The researchers will also try adding vision to complement touch data for handling complicated shapes.(因此，在未来的工作中，王的团队的目标是解决更复杂的运动，并在手指侧面等地方添加传感器。王说：“这意味着通过触摸可以获得更准确的信息，从而可以重建物体的形状。”研究人员还将尝试添加视觉来补充触摸数据，以处理复杂的形状)”可知，其他同行对于他们的研究现状有担忧，王晓龙计划在未来的工作中解决更复杂的问题，即他和他的团队选择以积极的态度去应对，进一步进行模拟实验，完善他们的数据。故选C。 二、七选五 （一） Four surprising ways algae (藻类) are driving innovation Algae can be a double-edged sword. Increased human activity and climate change have caused explosions of algae populations in water bodies around the world sometimes choking entire ecosystems of sunlight and oxygen. Even though they are so closely associated with humanity’s negative impact on Earth, algae could also play key roles in helping fight pollution, viruses, and more. 17 Filtering (过滤) water. With microplastic pollution documented in almost all water bodies, a recent study shows that through absorption, algae can help filter microplastics out of water. 18 Fueling air travel. 19 Researchers at a German algae cultivation facility are already using it to fuel drones. They believe this and other sustainable fuels could reduce carbon emissions from airplanes by up to 80 percent. Fighting viruses. Red algae can prevent the replication (复制) of some viruses, including COVID-19, according to a 2020 study. 20 Thus, it could become a powerful medication to treat HIV, the virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (AIDS). 21 In 2019, freshwater algae were launched into space to turn the carbon dioxide exhaled (呼出) by astronauts on the International Space Station into oxygen. Since algae are also high in protein, they could replace up to 30 percent of astronaut food in the future. A．Making space food more nutritious. B．Making long-term space travel possible. C．These are several ways algae are solving modern problems. D．Some algae can also filter chemicals that can be used in fertilizers. E．Brown algae have been shown to stimulate the body’s immune system. F．Algae can produce more effective biofuels than traditional sources like soybeans. G．It aims to harvest algae for energy while keeping the environment pollution-free. 【答案】17．C 18．D 19．F 20．E 21．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了藻类推动创新的四种惊人方式。 17．上文“Even though they are so closely associated with humanity’s negative impact on Earth, algae could also play key roles in helping fight pollution, viruses, and more.(尽管藻类与人类对地球的负面影响密切相关，但它们也可以在帮助对抗污染、病毒等方面发挥关键作用。)”说明藻类除了对地球的负面影响也有一些积极作用，选项C“这是藻类解决现代问题的几种方法。”承接上文，引出本文主题，介绍藻类的积极作用。故选C项。 18．小标题“Filtering (过滤) water. (过滤水。)”说明藻类能够过滤水。上文“With microplastic pollution documented in almost all water bodies, a recent study shows that through absorption, algae can help filter microplastics out of water.(几乎所有的水体都有微塑料污染的记录，最近的一项研究表明，通过吸收，藻类可以帮助过滤水中的微塑料。)”说明藻类的一种过滤作用，选项D“一些藻类还可以过滤用于肥料的化学物质。”承接上文，说明藻类的另一种过滤作用。故选D项。 19．小标题“Fueling air travel. (为航空旅行提供燃料。)”说明藻类可以提供燃料，选项F“与大豆等传统能源相比，藻类可以生产更有效的生物燃料。”承接小标题，说明藻类可以生产更有效的生物燃料。故选F项。 20．下文“Thus, it could become a powerful medication to treat HIV, the virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes (AIDS). (因此，它可能成为一种治疗HIV的有效药物，HIV是导致获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)的病毒。)”说明藻类可能成为一种治疗HIV的有效药物，选项E“褐藻已被证明可以刺激人体的免疫系统。”和下文是因果关系，因为褐藻可以刺激人体的免疫系统，所以对治疗HIV有效。故选E项。 21．下文“In 2019, freshwater algae were launched into space to turn the carbon dioxide exhaled (呼出) by astronauts on the International Space Station into oxygen. Since algae are also high in protein, they could replace up to 30 percent of astronaut food in the future. (2019年，淡水藻类被发射到太空，将国际空间站宇航员呼出的二氧化碳转化为氧气。由于藻类也富含蛋白质，未来它们可以取代高达30%的宇航员食物。)”说明藻类可为太空活动提供生活条件，使人们长期生活在太空，选项B“使长期太空旅行成为可能。”概括本段主题，适合做小标题。故选B项。 （二） The history of the school bus can date back to 1886 when the Wayne Works company made horse-drawn carriages (四轮马车) known as “ school wagons” or “kid hacks” in Indiana. 22 In the early 1900s, the car industry was beginning to develop fast. 23 The company managed to make its carriages powered by engines. But the design remained mostly the same as that of the previous ones, with students sitting along the walls of the bus while facing inside. In 1927, a man built the first bus that primarily used steel. Before long, Wayne Works introduced the first all-steel school bus body with safety glass windows. 24 This led to a turning point in the history of the school bus in 1939, when a conference was organised at Manhattan College to develop school bus standards. Many new national standards were created, determining everything from seating designs to the famous yellow color that school buses still sport today. The reason why the color was chosen was simple. 25 The color is especially easy to see in the early morning and evening light when school buses usually operate. 26 For example, a variety of changes have been made to enable the school bus to not only be safer but also have better fuel (燃料) economy, be easier to drive, etc. The most creative approach among all of these is probably a kind of stop signal arm that warns traffic of a stop in progress, which states began to require in the early 1950s. A．Horses were easy to control. B．Not all chose to paint their buses yellow. C．Yellow is quite eye-catching to human beings. D．Before then, many children simply walked to school. E．Now, school buses have had many more improvements. F．Still, parents were increasingly concerned for children’s safety. G．This gave Wayne Works a great opportunity to improve its carriages. 【答案】22．D 23．G 24．F 25．C 26．E 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了校车的起源以及其发展的过程。 22．根据上文“The history of the school bus can date back to 1886 when the Wayne Works company made horse-drawn carriages(四轮马车) known as “ school wagons” or “kid hacks” in Indiana.”（校车的历史可以追溯到1886年，当时Wayne Works公司在印第安纳州制造了被称为“学校马车”或“儿童马车”的马车。）可知，讲的是校车的历史。结合选项D项Before then, many children simply walked to school.（在此之前，许多孩子只是步行上学。）可知，承接上文内容，说明校车未出现之前孩子们是如何上学的，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选D项。 23．根据上文“In the early 1900s, the car industry was beginning to develop fast.”（20世纪初，汽车工业开始迅速发展。）以及下文“The company managed to make its carriages powered by engines.”（该公司设法使其马车由发动机驱动。）由此可知，空格处应讨论汽车工业的快速发展给Wayne Works公司带来的影响。结合选项G项This gave Wayne Works a great opportunity to improve its carriages.（这给了韦恩工厂一个改进车厢的好机会。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，G项中的“improve its carriages”与下文中的“make its carriages powered by engines”相照应。故选G项。 24．根据上文“Before long, Wayne Works introduced the first all-steel school bus body with safety glass windows.”（不久，韦恩·沃克推出了第一辆全钢车身和安全玻璃窗的校车。）提到推出了第一辆校车。以及下文“This led to a turning point in the history of the school bus in 1939, when a conference was organised at Manhattan College to develop school bus standards.”（这导致了1939年校车历史上的一个转折点，当时在曼哈顿学院组织了一次会议来制定校车标准。）提到曼哈顿学院组织了一次会议来制定校车标准。由此可知，空格处内容应和校车的安全问题有关，结合选项F项Still, parents were increasingly concerned for children’s safety.（尽管如此，家长们还是越来越担心孩子的安全。）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯，符合语境。故选F项。 25．根据上文“The reason why the color was chosen was simple.”（选择这种颜色的原因很简单。）可知，空格处内容应为解释选择该颜色其原因。结合选项C项Yellow is quite eye-catching to human beings.（黄色对人类来说是非常引人注目的。）符合此推断，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选C项。 26．由空格处位于段首可知，应为本段的主旨句。根据下文“For example, a variety of changes have been made to enable the school bus to not only be safer but also have better fuel(燃料) economy, be easier to drive, etc. The most creative approach among all of these is probably a kind of stop signal arm that warns traffic of a stop in progress, which states began to require in the early 1950s.”（例如，已经做出了各种改变，使校车不仅更安全，而且有更好的燃油经济性，更容易驾驶，等等。在所有这些方法中，最有创意的可能是一种停车信号臂，它可以警告正在进行中的车辆，这是各州在20世纪50年代初开始要求的。）可知，本段主要讲的是列举了对校车的一系列的改进。结合选项E项Now, school buses have had many more improvements.（现在，校车有了更多的改进。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选E项。 （三） If you think of the jobs robots could never do, you would probably put doctors and teachers at the top of the list. It’s easy to imagine robot cleaners and factory workers, but some jobs need human connection and creativity. But are we underestimating (低估) what robots can do? 27 Also, some patients might feel more comfortable sharing personal information with a machine than a person. 28 British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so. And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom: 2027. 29 And teachers will be like assistants. Intelligent robots will read students’ facial expressions, body movements and maybe even brain signals. Then they will adapt the information to each student. It’s not a popular opinion and it’s unlikely robots will ever have empathy (同感) and the ability to really connect with humans like another human can. One thing is certain, though. 30 In some parts of the world, there aren’t enough teachers and 9-16 percent of children under the age of 14 don’t go to school. That problem could be partly solved by robots because they can teach anywhere. Teachers all over the world are leaving because it is a difficult job and they feel overworked. Perhaps the question is not “Will robots replace teachers?” but “How can robots help teachers?” Office workers can use software to do things. 31 If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best. A．Teachers can be replaced by robots. B．A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all. C．Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work. D．He predicts robots will do the main job of transferring information. E．Could there be a place for robots in education after all? F．Robots can save time that teachers spend in teaching in classroom. G．In some cases, they already perform better than doctors at diagnosing (诊断) illness. 【答案】27．G 28．E 29．D 30．B 31．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了机器人在医生和教师等职业中的潜力，并提出了机器人可能在教室中替代教师的观点。文章指出，虽然机器人可能无法像人类一样建立情感和连接，但它们可以在教育领域发挥重要的辅助作用。 27．根据前文“But are we underestimating (低估) what robots can do?( 但我们是否低估了机器人的能力?)”可知，此处提出疑问即我们是否低估了机器人的能力。后文设空处应该对此问题进行回复。G选项“In some cases, they already perform better than doctors at diagnosing (诊断) illness.( 在某些情况下，它们在诊断疾病方面的表现已经超过了医生。)”承接前文，指出在某些情况下，机器人在诊断疾病方面已经超过了医生，回答前文提出的问题，符合语境。故选G。 28．根据后文“British education expert Anthony Seldon thinks so. And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom: 2027. (英国教育专家Anthony Seldon认为是这样。他甚至还为机器人接管教室定下了日期：2027年。)”可知，此处强调Anthony Seldon认为机器人能够在教育中起到作用，甚至还为机器人接管教师定下了日期。E选项“Could there be a place for robots in education after all?(机器人到底能在教育中占有一席之地吗?)”引起下文，提出是否机器人能够在教育中占有一席之地，后文对此问题进行回答，符合语境。故选E。 29．根据前文“ And he even has a date for the robot takeover of the classroom: 2027.(他甚至还为机器人接管教室定下了日期：2027年。)”以及后文“And teachers will be like assistants.(老师就像助手一样。)”可知，此处强调在未来Anthony Seldon为机器人接管教室定下了日期：2027年。D选项“He predicts robots will do the main job of transferring information.(他预测机器人将承担传递信息的主要工作。)”指出在未来的机器人接管教室中，机器人将承担传递信息的主要工作，而老师则像助手一样。故选D。 30．根据前文“One thing is certain, though. (不过，有一件事是肯定的。)”以及后文“ In some parts of the world, there aren’t enough teachers and 9-16 percent of children under the age of 14 don’t go to school.(在世界上的一些地方，没有足够的教师，9- 16%的14岁以下儿童没有上学。)”可知，此处有一件事是肯定的，这件事能够解决世界上某些地区没有足够教师的问题。B选项“A robot teacher is better than no teacher at all.(机器人老师总比没有老师好。)”中指出事实即机器人老师总比没有老师好，这样能够解决世界上有些地区没有足够老师的问题，符合语境。故选B。 31．根据后文“ If robots could cut the time teachers spend marking homework and writing reports, teachers would have more time and energy for the parts of the job humans do best.( 如果机器人能减少教师批改作业和写报告的时间，教师就会有更多的时间和精力从事人类最擅长的工作。)”可知，此处强调机器人能够减少教师批改作业和写报告的时间，这样会给老师节留更多的时间和精力，由此此处可表达老师在非教学的工作中存在浪费时间的问题。C选项“Teachers waste a lot of time doing non-teaching work.(教师在非教学工作上浪费了很多时间。)”与下文形成呼应，指出老师在非教学工作中浪费很多时间。故选C。 （四） Use Body Language to Build Trust Body language can help people see you as more trustworthy, resulting in stronger relationships at home, work and school. Although some gestures vary across cultures, there’re certain basic body language gestures. Keep eye contact when someone is talking. 32 So put your phone down and listen with your eyes. Building stronger human ties makes it easier to trust people and know more about them. Uncross your arms and legs. 33 However, that will close you off. You’re unknowingly communicating something negative because you’ve positioned your body in a way that blocks any basis for building trust. 34 Thus, you’ll look more open to hearing others’ thoughts. 35 Sitting behind a desk creates another obstacle that could make the person you’re talking to put his or her own walls up. According to Professor Carla Chamberlin-Quinlisk, sitting at a table with her students encourages them to be more vocal during class. So try the smart way to get your boss to trust you. Limit your own note taking. Sometimes notes are necessary when you’re talking to a coworker, but make sure all that doesn’t get in the way of your eye contact. If you’re constantly writing down what the other person says, that person could start feeling self-conscious. What’s more, taking notes makes the other person feel uncomfortable. 36 A．Don’t sit behind a desk. B．Make sure your body looks open. C．Nod and smile while someone is talking. D．You might only be crossing your arms and legs because you’re cold. E．It will help build trust because it shows real interest. F．And they may question like “Why are they writing that down?” G．Unfortunately, most people have no training on how to read body language. 【答案】32．E 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章作者就如何用肢体语言建立信任这一问题给出了一些建议。 32．上文“Keep eye contact when someone is talking.(当别人说话时，保持眼神交流。)”指出当别人说话时要保持眼神交流；E选项“It will help build trust because it shows real interest.(这将有助于建立信任，因为它显示了真正的兴趣。)”承接上文，阐述了保持眼神交流有助于建立信任的原因，与下文“So put your phone down and listen with your eyes.(所以放下你的手机，用你的眼睛倾听。)”构成因果关系，符合语境。故选E。 33．由段首句“Uncross your arms and legs.(不要交叉双臂和双腿。)”可知本段主要阐述不要交叉双臂和双腿；D选项“You might only be crossing your arms and legs because you’re cold.(你可能只是因为冷而交叉双臂和双腿。)”指出你交叉双臂和双腿可能只是因为冷；下文“However, that will close you off. You’re unknowingly communicating something negative because you’ve positioned your body in a way that blocks any basis for building trust.(然而，这将会使你与别人隔离。你在不知不觉中传达了一些消极的东西，因为你的身体已经挡住了建立信任的任何基础。)”承接D选项，指出即使因为冷而交叉双腿或者双臂，但也会使你与别人隔离，会影响你与别人建立信任；由此可知，D选项符合语境。故选D。 34．根据段首句“Uncross your arms and legs.(不要交叉双臂和双腿。)”以及下文“Thus, you’ll look more open to hearing others’ thoughts.(因此，你会更愿意听取别人的想法。)”可知和别人交流时不要交叉双臂和双腿，应该保持身体是放开的，让人感觉你是乐于倾听别人的想法；B选项“Make sure your body looks open.(确保你的身体看起来是放开的。)”符合语境，选项中的“open”与下文中的“open”相对应。故选B。 35．文章结构分析可知，设空处为主旨句；由下文“Sitting behind a desk creates another obstacle that could make the person you’re talking to put his or her own walls up.(在桌子后面会造成另一个障碍，可能会让与你交谈的人筑起自己的墙)”可知，本段主要阐述和别人交流时不要坐在桌子后面；A选项“Don’t sit behind a desk.(不要坐在桌子后面。)”符合本段主旨，能够引领下文，适合作为主旨句。故选A。 36．由上文“If you’re constantly writing down what the other person says, that person could start feeling self-conscious. What’s more, taking notes makes the other person feel uncomfortable.(如果你不停地写下别人说的话，那个人可能会开始感到不自在。更重要的是，记笔记会让对方感到不舒服。)”可知，你不停地记下别人所说的话会让对方感到不舒服；F选项“And they may question like “Why are they writing that down?”(他们可能会问：‘他们为什么要写下来?’)”承接上文，继续阐述你一直记笔记会给对方带来的影响。故选F。 三、完形填空 （一） In Las Vegas, one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading has led to the creation of a groundbreaking approach in educational technology. Meet Dave Vinzant, father to 8-year-old Aubrie, who 37 difficulties in reading at school. “It was about halfway through the first grade that we realized she couldn’t 38 ,” said Vinzant. Despite their efforts, 39 methods weren’t bringing about the desired results. “The 40 level was really high,” Vinzant-recalled. “After an hour of trying to get through a 10-15 page little book, she was 41 .” Determined to find a solution, Vinzant took matters into his own hands. Although 42 a background in computer programming, he made up his mind to develop a tool that could effectively 43 his daughter. The result? A free 44 called WordStumble. WordStumble isn’t 45 any reading app-Powered by artificial intelligence, specifically ChatGPT, the program customizes (定制) stories for each user. “What is 46 is that it can take all of those words that she knows-or struggles with and it 47 a customized children’s story,” Vinzant explained. For Vinzant, the success of WordStumble isn’t just 48 ; he wants to share with others. With his dedication and innovation, Vinzant is not only changing the landscape of reading apps but-also giving 49 to countless parents and children facing similar challenges. And as WordStumble continues to 50 , it’s clear that the power of one person’s passion can make a world of 51 for young learners everywhere. 37．A．dealt with B．ran into C．got through D．brought about 38．A．smile B．read C．respond D．jog 39．A．scientific B．alternative C．creative D．traditional 40．A．surprise B．regret C．frustration D．pleasure 41．A．crying B．joking C．dancing D．singing 42．A．providing B．ensuring C．lacking D．requiring 43．A．persuade B．assist C．amuse D．rescue 44．A．brochure B．textbook C．advertisement D．application 45．A．still B．also C．even D．simply 46．A．familiar B．magical C．reasonable D．strange 47．A．returns B．remembers C．spreads D．recalls 48．A．initial B．popular C．personal D．convenient 49．A．courage B．determination C．hope D．imagination 50．A．improve B．survive C．transform D．perform 51．A．instruction B．task C．memory D．difference 【答案】 37．B 38．B 39．D 40．C 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．D 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．C 50．A 51．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲为了帮助女儿赶上学校的阅读学习，为女儿开发了一款帮助阅读的应用的故事。 37．考查动词短语辨析。句意：来认识一下戴夫·文赞特，他是8岁的奥布里的父亲，她在学校遇到了阅读困难。A. dealt with处理；B. ran into遭遇；C. got through熬过；D. brought about引出。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，文赞特的女儿遇到了阅读困难。故选B。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“一年级读到一半的时候，我们意识到她不会阅读，”文赞特说。A. smile微笑；B. read阅读；C. respond回答；D. jog慢跑。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，文赞特的女儿在阅读方面有困难，故选B。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管他们做出了努力，但传统的方法并没有带来预期的结果。A. scientific科学的；B. alternative可供选择的；C. creative有创造力的；D. traditional传统的。根据上文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading has led to the creation of a groundbreaking approach in educational technology. ”可知，出现了开创性的方法。由此推知，传统的方法没有带来预期的结果。故选D。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“挫败感真的很强烈，”文赞特回忆道。A. surprise惊讶；B. regret后悔；C. frustration挫折；D. pleasure快乐。根据上文“Despite their efforts, _____ methods weren’t bringing about the desired results.”可知，没有达到预期的结果，所以会有挫败感。故选C。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在花了一个小时努力读完一本10-15页的小书后，她哭了。A. crying哭；B. joking开玩笑；C. dancing跳舞；D. singing唱歌。根据上文“Despite their efforts, _____ methods weren’t bringing about the desired results.”可知，没有达到预期的结果，所以会有挫败感。由此推知，在艰难读完10-15的书时，女儿哭了。故选A。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然缺乏有计算机编程的背景，但他决定开发一种工具，可以有效地帮助他的女儿。A. providing提供；B. ensuring确保；C. lacking缺乏；D. requiring要求。根据前文“Although _____ a background in computer programming”中“Although”和后文中“made up his mind ”可知，此处指虽然缺乏计算机编程的背景，但是还是下定决心开发工具。故选C。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心开发一个能够有效帮助女儿的工具。A. persuade劝说；B. assist帮助；C. amuse使开心；D. rescue营救。根据前文“one parent’s determination to help his daughter catch up on her reading”可知，父母是帮助女儿赶上阅读。由此推知，此处指开发一个能够有效帮助女儿的工具。故选B。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个叫做WordStumble的免费应用程序。A. brochure小册子；B. textbook教科书；C. advertisement广告；D. application应用。根据后文“any reading app-Powered by artificial intelligence,”可知，开发的是一个应用程序。故选D。 45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：WordStumble不仅仅是由人工智能驱动阅读应用程序，特别是由ChatGPT驱动的，该程序为每个用户定制故事。A. still仍然；B. also也；C. even甚至；D. simply仅仅。根据后文“the program customizes(定制)stories for each user.”可知，这款应用可以阅读，还可以为每一位使用者量身打造。故选D。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“神奇的是，它可以把她知道的或不懂的所有单词都返回为一个定制的儿童故事，”文赞特解释道。A. familiar熟悉的；B. magical神奇的；C. reasonable合理的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文“it can take all of those words that she knows-or struggles with and it 11 a customized children’s story”可知，这款应用能女儿知道的或不懂的所有单词编造故事。由此推知，这款应用很神奇。故选B。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“神奇的是，它可以把她知道的或不懂的所有单词都返回为一个定制的儿童故事，”文赞特解释道。A. returns返回；B. remembers记得；C. spreads传播；D. recalls回想起。根据上文“ the program customizes (定制) stories for each user.”可知，这款应用可以给出女儿返还一个定制化的故事。故选A。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对文赞特来说，WordStumble的成功不仅仅是个人的；他想与他人分享。A. initial开始的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. personal个人的；D. convenient方便的。根据后文“he wants to share with others”可知，他想与人分享，他认为WordStumble的成功不是个人的。故选C。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借他的奉献精神和创新，文赞特不仅改变了阅读应用程序的格局，而且还为无数面临类似挑战的父母和孩子带来了希望。A. courage勇气；B. determination决心；C. hope希望；D. imagination想象。根据上文“For Vinzant, the success of WordStumble isn’t just 12 ; he wants to share with others.”可知，文赞特想和大家分享这款阅读应用程序，所以给那些面临类似挑战的父母和孩子带来了希望。故选C。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着WordStumble的不断改进，很明显，一个人的激情的力量可以为世界各地的年轻学习者带来不同的世界。A. improve改进；B. survive幸存；C. transform转换；D. perform执行。根据上文“ And as WordStumble continues to”及常识可知，应用程序会不断改进。故选A。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着WordStumble的不断改进，很明显，一个人的激情的力量可以为世界各地的年轻学习者带来不同的世界。A. instruction指示；B. task任务；C. memory记忆力；D. difference不同。根据语境可知，文赞特为阅读有困难的孩子开发了工具，帮助孩子们阅读，为他们带来了不同的世界。故选D。 （二） Sarkar is a nanotechnologist (纳米技术专家) and assistant professor at MIT. She is conducting her research on brain diseases that 52 the minds of millions of people worldwide. Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early 53 . Her courage as a researcher comes from her 54 , who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by 55 to fund her own education. Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father 56 her interest in engineering. Sarkar recalls her father finding time for his 57 , fashioning devices to make home life more 58 , including an electricity-free washing machine. “That got me very 59 in science and technology.” Sarkar says. After 60 a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad, Sarkar 61 California to study nanoclectronics. There, she tested new ways to 62 nanodevices that could reduce the amount of 63 consumed by computers and other everyday electronics. 64 , she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice. Along the way, Sarkar became fascinated with the 65 , which she calls “the lowest energy computer”. She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains. “Our brains are 66 , but we could be better than what we are.” she says. 52．A．enrich B．read C．affect D．poison 53．A．birds B．researchers C．failures D．inspirations 54．A．aunt B．mother C．sister D．grandmother 55．A．working B．pretending C．refusing D．waiting 56．A．protected B．switched C．stimulated D．supported 57．A．job B．holiday C．discomfort D．passion 58．A．complex B．convenient C．peaceful D．meaningful 59．A．interested B．honest C．lucky D．disappointed 60．A．starting B．carning C．needing D．introducing 61．A．adapted to B．related to C．headed to D．belonged to 62．A．create B．fix C．operate D．sell 63．A．water B．money C．power D．time 64．A．Unfortunately B．Immediately C．Obviously D．Eventually 65．A．computer B．brain C．exercise D．fashion 66．A．empty B．busy C．relaxed D．remarkable 【答案】 52．C 53．D 54．B 55．A 56．C 57．D 58．B 59．A 60．B 61．C 62．A 63．C 64．D 65．B 66．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是纳米技术专家萨卡尔的成长经历以及所取得的成就。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她正在研究影响全世界数百万人思想的脑部疾病。A. enrich使丰富；B. read阅读；C. affect影响；D. poison毒害。根据常识和下文中的“She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains.”可知，她希望把纳米装置放在人类神经元之间，以提高我们大脑处理器的计算速度，由此可推断，她现在从事的研究应该会“影响”全世界数百万人思维的大脑疾病。故选C项。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔出生于印度加尔各答，她认为父母是她早年的灵感来源。A. birds鸟；B. researchers研究者；C. failures失败；D. inspirations灵感。根据下文中的“Her courage as a researcher comes from her ______ , who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by _______ to fund her own education.”以及“Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father _______ her interest in engineering.”可知，她母亲打破常规为她提供教育基金，而她的父亲让她对工程学产生兴趣，由此可推断，此处指的是她认为她早年的“灵感”源自于父母。故选D项。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她作为研究人员的勇气来自于她的母亲，她年轻时违背了她所在村庄的社会规范，努力为自己的教育提供资金。A. aunt姑妈；B. mother母亲；C. sister姐妹；D. grandmother祖母。根据上文中的“Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early  _______ .” 可知，她认为她早年的灵感源自于父母，结合下文中的“who as a young woman went against social norms (常态) in her village by _______ to fund her own education.”可知，此处介绍的是意为女性，由此可知，此处指的是她作为研究人员的勇气来与她的“母亲”符合语境。故选B项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她作为研究人员的勇气来自于她的母亲，她年轻时违背了她所在村庄的社会规范，努力为自己的教育提供资金。A. working工作；B. pretending假装；C. refusing拒绝；D. waiting等待。根据下文中的“to fund her own education.”可知，母亲要为她获取教育基金，所以此处指的是“工作”符合语境。故选A项。 56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，萨卡尔的父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣。A. protected保护；B. switched改变，转变；C. stimulated刺激；D. supported支持。根据上文中的“Born in Kolkata, India, Sarkar credits both of her parents as early _______ .”可知，她认为她早年的灵感源自于父母，所以此处应指的是她的父亲“激发”了她对工程学的兴趣。故选C项。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔回忆说，她的父亲为自己的爱好腾出时间，设计各种设备，使家庭生活更方便，包括一台无电洗衣机。A. job工作；B. holiday假期；C. discomfort不适；D. passion激情。根据上文中的“Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father _______ her interest in engineering.”可知，父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣，所以此处指的是萨卡尔回忆父亲是如何让她对工程学产生兴趣的，所以此处指的是“爱好”符合语境。故选D项。 58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔回忆说，她的父亲为自己的激情找时间，设计各种设备，使家庭生活更方便，包括一台无电洗衣机。A. complex复杂的；B. convenient方便的；C. peaceful平静的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据下文中的“including an electricity-free washing machine.”可知，父亲设计了很多设备，包括一台误点洗衣机，由此可推断，此处指的是设计的这些设备能是家庭生活“方便”。故选B项。 59．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这让我对科学技术产生了浓厚的兴趣。”Sarkar说。A. interested感兴趣的；B. honest诚实的；C. lucky幸运的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文中的“Meanwhile, Sarkar’s father _______ her interest in engineering.”可知，父亲激发了她对工程学的兴趣，所以此处指的是萨卡尔回忆父亲是如何让她对工程学 “感兴趣的”。故选A项。 60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔从印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，前往加州学习纳米电子学。A. starting开始；B. earning获得；C. needing需要；D. introducing介绍。根据常识和下文中的“Sarkar _______ California to study nanoclectronics.”可知，萨卡尔去加州学习纳米电子学，由此可推断，萨卡尔应该是从印度理工学院“获得”电气工程学士学位后。故选B项。 61．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：萨卡尔从印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，前往加州学习纳米电子学。A. adapted to适应；B. related to相关；C. headed to朝……前进；D. belonged to属于。根据上文中的“After  _______  a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad,”可知，萨卡尔在印度理工学院获得电气工程学士学位后，结合下文中的“California to study nanoclectronics.”可知，她去了加州学习纳米电子学，所以此处应为“前往”符合语境。故选C项。 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她测试了制造纳米器件的新方法，这些纳米器件可以减少计算机和其它日常电子产品的耗电量。A. create创造；B. fix修理；C. operate操作；D. sell售卖。根据上文中的“There, she tested new ways”可知，萨卡尔在加州测试新方法，由此可推断，此处应为“制造”纳米器件，符合语境。故选A项。 63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她测试了制造纳米器件的新方法，这些纳米器件可以减少计算机和其它日常电子产品的耗电量。A. water水；B. money金钱；C. power电；D. time时间。根据常识和下文中的“consumed by computers and other everyday electronics.”可知，电脑和其他的电子产品应该是耗电的，所以此处指的是制造出可以减少计算机和其他日常电子产品的消耗的“电”量。故选C项。 64．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她通过开发一种出色的纳米器件取得了突破。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Immediately立刻；C. Obviously显而易见地；D. Eventually最终。根据语境以及下文中的“she made a breakthrough by developing a standout nanodevice.”可知，她开发了一种出色的纳米器件取得了突破，由此可知，此处应是经过不懈努力后，“最终”取得突破。故选D项。 65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在此过程中，萨卡尔开始对大脑着迷，她称之为“最低能量的计算机”。A. computer电脑；B. brain大脑；C. exercise练习；D. fashion时尚。根据下文中的“She hopes to put nanodevices between human neurons (神经细胞) to improve the computing speed of the processor in our brains.”可知，她希望把纳米装置放在人类神经元之间，以提高我们大脑处理器的计算速度，以及空后的“which she calls “the lowest energy computer””可知，被成为“最低能量的计算机”应该是大脑，所以，此处指的是她开始对“大脑”感兴趣。故选B项。 66．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我们的大脑是非凡的，但我们可以做得更好。”她说。A. empty空的；B. busy忙的；C. relaxed放松的；D. remarkable非凡的。根据常识和下文中的“but we could be better than what we are.”可知，我们可以比我们现在做的更好，由此可知，我们的大脑应是“非凡的”符合语境。故选D项。 （三） Meghana first found her passion in middle school when she successfully created water filters (过滤器) to help Indian families struggling with waterborne (水传播的) illnesses. She 67 the opportunity to be able to help people and improve their life. Ever since she was in middle school, Meghana has been quite interested in 68 research. Her first inventions were water filters, which she was inspired to 69 after hearing about rural communities 70 the waterborne illnesses. Her latest invention, electrodes (电极) for supercapacitors (超级电容器), is also 71 to environmental science and is part of her interest in the field. The 72 , filled with trial and error, hasn’t been 73 . Through ten months of research, Meghana was able to create an electrode. This creation, costing less than $1, was very 74 friendly. Meghana has used her knowledge to help others who are also 75 about science. Following the success of her science fair projects, many science students connected with her, wanting her help on their research projects. Soon, lots of 76 came seeking help, and Meghana couldn’t 77 all of them. 78 , Meghana still wanted to help as many people as possible. She 79 a ScienceFair Workshop Series program at her high school. Not only does the program help encourage students interested in science to participate in science fair projects, it also helps form a positive community where students can ask one another questions. Bringing the program to her school is just one step towards her 80 changing the world through education. She is concerned about how difficult it is for people who have trouble 81 education resources. “A good education allows people to think creatively, which eventually leads to development around the world,” said Meghana. 67．A．misunderstood B．loved C．doubted D．abandoned 68．A．social B．industrial C．medical D．scientific 69．A．make B．require C．repair D．evaluate 70．A．overlooking B．directing C．facing D．replacing 71．A．related B．adapted C．compared D．opposed 72．A．record B．examination C．process D．appeal 73．A．original B．complex C．similar D．easy 74．A．chemically B．economically C．culturally D．historically 75．A．nervous B．embarrassed C．upset D．curious 76．A．requests B．habits C．warnings D．standards 77．A．give away B．call on C．reply to D．depend on 78．A．However B．Instead C．Otherwise D．Also 79．A．envied B．bothered C．approved D．started 80．A．impression on B．commitment to C．independence of D．reference to 81．A．supplying B．commenting C．accessing D．removing 【答案】 67．B 68．D 69．A 70．C 71．A 72．C 73．D 74．B 75．D 76．A 77．C 78．A 79．D 80．B 81．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Meghana从中学起就对科学研究感兴趣，发明了很多东西帮助别人，也利用自己的知识帮助那些对科学感兴趣的人，并在学校开办科学博览研讨会以帮助更多的人。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢有机会帮助别人，改善他们的生活。A. misunderstood误解；B. loved喜欢；C. doubted怀疑；D. abandoned遗弃。根据空后“to be able to help people and improve their life”以及下文“Her first inventions were water filters…”和“Her latest invention…”提及她的很多发明可知，她喜欢帮助别人，改善别人的生活，故选B。 68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从中学开始，Meghana就对科学研究非常感兴趣。A. social社会的；B. industrial工业的；C. medical医疗的；D. scientific科学的。根据下文“Her first inventions were water filters…”和“Her latest invention…”以及“Following the success of her science fair projects”可知，她发明了很多东西，故此处指对科学研究感兴趣，故选D。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的第一个发明是水过滤器，这是她听到农村社区面临水传播疾病后的灵感。A. make制作；B. require要求，需要；C. repair修理；D. evaluate评价，评估。which指代先行词Her first inventions，make inventions“发明”，固定短语，故选A。 70．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. overlooking忽视；B. directing指导，指挥；C. facing面临，面对；D. replacing替代。根据第一段中“she successfully created water filters (过滤器) to help Indian families struggling with waterborne (水传播的) illnesses (她成功地创造了过滤器，帮助印度家庭与水传播疾病作斗争)”可知，她发明过滤器帮助印度家庭与水传播的疾病作斗争，说明农村社区面临水传播的疾病问题，她由此产生灵感，故选C。 71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的最新发明——超级电容器的电极——也与环境科学有关，也是她对该领域感兴趣的一部分。A. related联系；B. adapted适应；C. compared比较；D. opposed反对。此处指“与环境科学有关”，be related to“和……有关”，固定短语，故选A。 72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个过程充满了尝试和错误，并不容易。A. record记录；B. examination检查，考试；C. process过程；D. appeal上诉，呼吁。根据“filled with trial and error”以及“Through ten months of research”可知，本段是描述她的发明过程，故选C。 73．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. original原来的；B. complex复杂的；C. similar类似的；D. easy容易的。根据“filled with trial and error”可知，发明过程充满了尝试和错误，并不容易，故选D。 74．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个产品的成本不到1美元，非常经济。A. chemically化学上；B. economically在经济上；C. culturally文化上；D. historically历史上地。根据“costing less than $1”可知，该产品非常经济实惠，故选B。 75．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Meghana用她的知识帮助其他对科学感兴趣的人。A. nervous紧张的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. upset难过的，沮丧的；D. curious好奇的。结合空前的“also”以及下文“many science students connected with her”可知，Meghana中学时就对科学研究感兴趣，她用她的知识帮助其他也对科学感兴趣的人，be curious about“对……好奇”，故选D。 76．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，很多寻求帮助的请求来了，而Meghana无法回复所有的请求。A. requests要求，请求；B. habits习惯；C. warnings警告；D. standards标准。根据上文“many science students connected with her, wanting her help on their research projects (许多理科生与她联系，希望她帮助他们的研究项目)”以及空后“seeking help”可知，很多人请求她的帮助，故选A。 77．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. give away捐赠；B. call on呼吁；C. reply to答复，回复；D. depend on依靠。根据上文“lots of _______ came seeking help”可知，很多人请求帮助，此处指他无法回复所有的请求，故选C。 78．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Meghana仍然想帮助尽可能多的人。A. However然而；B. Instead相反；C. Otherwise否则；D. Also而且，此外。上文“Meghana couldn’t _______ all of them”提到她无法回复所有人，与下文“Meghana still wanted to help as many people as possible”之间是转折关系，故选A。 79．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在高中开始了一个科学博览会研讨会系列项目。A. envied嫉妒，羡慕；B. bothered打扰；C. approved赞成；D. started开始。结合上文“Meghana still wanted to help as many people as possible.”以及下文“a ScienceFair Workshop Series program at her high school”可知，她仍然想帮助尽可能多的人，所以开始了一个科学博览会研讨会系列项目，故选D。 80．考查固定短语辨析。句意：把这个项目带到她的学校只是她致力于通过教育改变世界的一步。A. impression on对……的印象；B. commitment to对……的承诺，投入，献身；C. independence of依靠；D. reference to参考，关于。结合第一段中“She _______ the opportunity to be able to help people and improve their life.”可知，她喜欢帮助别人，改善别人的生活，也发明了很多东西帮助别人，故此处指致力于通过教育改变世界，故选B。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她担心那些难以获得教育资源的人会有多么困难。A. supplying供应；B. commenting评论；C. accessing访问，进入，到达；D. removing移除。结合“ how difficult it is”可知，应是难以获得教育资源的人处境艰难，故选C。 （四） Back in 1930, one economist predicted that with technological change and improvements in productivity, we’d only be working 15 hours a week by now. But while working hours have 82 by 26%, most of us still average 42.5 hours a week. One of the things he underestimated is the human desire to 83 with our peers. So when some predicted that automation would create an extra amount of 84 time, needless to say, that didn’t happen. In the 1980s, managers could demand employees under the 85 that jobs could be given to someone else thanks to computerization. The 86 piled on. Overwork has been proven to 87 many diseases and even death. 88 we carried on — until COVID-19 came along. Besides making us work longer hours from home, COVID-19 bas also 89 the move towards the adoption of automated machine. By 2050, some professor predicts that at least 40% of current jobs will be lost to 90 . There are 91 . Jobs that involve complex social interactions are all likely to 92 the AI revolution. As are jobs that rely on creativity. The same also goes for 93 jobs, due to the large number of different objects and the variety of ways those objects need to be cleaned. Also, robots are unlikely to 94 in the “work” of taking care of children, preparing lunchboxes, etc. Those whose work falls outside the caring, cleaning or creative field will still work in future, just 95 . In about 60% of occupations, a third of the tasks can be automated, meaning changes to the way we work. One study has predicted that over the next 20 years, 7.2 million new jobs will be 96 as a result. So we will work in future: we just don’t know what we’ll be doing yet. 82．A．declined B．increased C．continued D．kept 83．A．disagree B．compete C．cooperate D．identify 84．A．working B．tough C．leisure D．active 85．A．fantasy B．influence C．threat D．impression 86．A．joy B．cash C．ambition D．pressure 87．A．attend to B．lead to C．appeal to D．add to 88．A．Otherwise B．Still C．Furthermore D．Therefore 89．A．speeded up B．followed up C．prepared for D．planned for 90．A．overwork B．labour C．automation D．science 91．A．dreams B．models C．expectations D．exceptions 92．A．cause B．cease C．survive D．undergo 93．A．caring B．cleaning C．curing D．coaching 94．A．assist B．exist C．believe D．understand 95．A．hardly B．differently C．unfortunately D．probably 96．A．lost B．recovered C．substituted D．created 【答案】 82．A 83．B 84．C 85．C 86．D 87．B 88．B 89．A 90．C 91．D 92．C 93．B 94．A 95．B 96．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类工作时间的变化以及自动化对工作方式的影响。 82． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，虽然工作时间减少了26%，我们大多数人每周平均工作时间仍然是42.5小时。A. declined下降；B. increased增加；C. continued继续；D. kept保持。根据上文“we’d only be working 15 hours a week by now”以及but表转折可知，虽然工作时间减少了26%，我们大多数人每周平均工作时间仍然是42.5小时，while引导让步状语从句，表转折。故选A 83．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他低估了人类与同龄人竞争的欲望。A. disagree不同意；B. compete比赛；C. cooperate合作；D. identify识别。根据下文“with our peers”可知，人类喜欢和同伴竞争，导致大多数人工作得比我们需要的更多。故选B。 84． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一些人预测自动化将创造更多的闲暇时间时，不用说，这并没有发生。A. working有工作的；B. tough艰难的；C. leisure闲暇的；D. active活跃的。根据上文“automation would create an extra amount of”可知，自动化应该带来更多的闲暇时间。故选C。 85．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于20世纪80年代的计算机化，管理人员可以在工作可能被交给别人的威胁下对员工提出更多的要求。A. fantasy幻想；B. influence影响；C. threat威胁；D. impression印象。根据下文“that jobs could be given to someone else”可知，管理人员可以在工作可能被交给别人的威胁下对员工提出更多的要求。故选C。 86． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：压力越来越大。A. joy玩笑；B. cash现金；C. ambition抱负；D. pressure压力。根据下文“Overwork”可知，这里指人类的压力越来越大了。故选D。 87．考查动词短语辨析。句意：工作过度已被证明会导致许多疾病甚至死亡。A. attend to处理；B. lead to导致；C. appeal to呼吁；D. add to增加。由下文“many diseases and even death”可知，这里指过多工作导致许多疾病。故选B。 88． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我们仍然坚持了下来，直到COVID-19出现。A. Otherwise否则；B. Still仍然；C. Furthermore此外；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“Overwork has been proven to 　　 many diseases and even death.”以及下文“we carried on”可知，过度工作虽然有很多坏处，但我们仍然坚持下来了。故选B。 89．考查动词短语辨析。句意：除了让我们在家工作的时间更长外，新冠肺炎还加快了采用自动化机器的步伐。A. speeded up加速；B. followed up跟上；C. prepared for准备；D. planned for制定计划。根据下文“some professor predicts that at least 40% of current jobs will be lost to 　　.”可知，COVID-19加速了自动化机器的采用。故选A。 90．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些教授预测，到2050年，至少40%的现有工作岗位将因自动化而流失。A. overwork劳累过度；B. labour劳动；C. automation自动化；D. science科学。根据上文“the move towards the adoption of automated machine”可知，这里指到2050年，目前至少40%的工作岗位将被自动化取代。故选C。 91． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也有例外。A. dreams梦想；B. models模型；C. expectations期待；D. exceptions例外。根据下文“Jobs that involve complex social interactions are all likely to 　　 the AI revolution.”可知，不是所有的工作都会被取代，有一些工作例外。故选D。 92． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：涉及复杂社会互动的工作都有可能在人工智能革命中幸存下来。A. cause造成；B. cease终止；C. survive生存；D. undergo经历。根据上文“Jobs that involve complex social interactions”可知，涉及复杂社会互动的工作有可能在人工智能革命中幸存下来。故选C。 93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：清洁工作也是如此，因为有大量不同的物体以及清洁这些物体的方式多种多样。A. caring关心；B. cleaning清理；C. curing治愈；D. coaching指导。根据下文“due to the large number of different objects and the variety of ways those objects need to be cleaned”可知，此处指清洁工作。故选B。 94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，机器人不太可能协助照顾孩子、准备午餐盒等“工作”。A. assist帮助，协助；B. exist存在；C. believe相信；D. understand理解。根据下文“taking care of children, preparing lunchboxes, etc”可知，这里指机器人不太可能协助照顾孩子、准备午餐盒等工作。故选A。 95．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那些工作不在护理、清洁或创意领域的人将来仍然会工作，只是工作方式不同而已。A. hardly几乎不；B. differently不同地；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. probably可能。根据上文“Those whose work falls outside the caring, cleaning or creative field will still work in future”以及just可知，这里指这些工作还是存在，只是工作方式有所不同。指故选B。 96．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一项研究预测，在未来20年内，将因此创造720万个新的就业机会。A. lost丢失；B. recovered恢复；C. substituted代替；D. created创造。根据下文“So we will work in future: we just don’t know what we’ll be doing yet.”可知，人类将来仍然会工作。说明是产生720万个新创造出岗位。故选D。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （一） More young people are trying their hand at farming the soil. Guo Lan, 29, works in a vegetable greenhouse on his organic farm 97 (locate) in the suburban district of Hefei, East China’s Anhui province. It is the eighth time this summer that Guo has failed to grow vegetables 98 using chemicals. Despite trying various homemade pest solutions, such as plant ash and mixtures of pepper and alcohol, the vegetable 99 (leaf) were still being eaten by insects. “I will not give up 100 (try),” the 29-year-old accountant-turned-farmer says. He is determined to turn his farm into 101 organic one, cultivating fruits and vegetables with the same flavors as those from his childhood memories. “Growing tasty and healthy food 102 (be) my dream since I was a teenager. I know 103 challenging it can be, but if you take the soil 104 (serious), I believe it will pay off,” Guo says. He adds that farming is not a business that can make quick money, but for him, it has become an uplifting activity that brings back memories of spending time on the farm with 105 (he) parents as a child. Guo’s passion for organic farming and commitment to producing healthy food will surely inspire more young people to explore 106 (sustain) agriculture. 【答案】 97．located 98．without 99．leaves 100．trying 101．an 102．has been 103．how 104．seriously 105．his 106．sustainable 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了29岁农民Guo Lan在安徽省合肥市郊外努力实现有机农业梦想的故事。 97．考查非谓语动词。句意：29岁的Guo Lan在他位于中国东部安徽省合肥市郊区的有机农场的蔬菜大棚里工作。非谓语动词locate和farm之间是逻辑被动关系，locate应用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填located。 98．考查介词。句意：这是Guo今年夏天第八次在不使用化学品的情况下种植蔬菜失败。结合句意可知此处表示“没有”，使用介词without，故填without。 99．考查名词复数。句意：尽管尝试了各种自制的害虫解决方案，如植物灰烬和胡椒和酒精的混合物，但蔬菜叶子仍然被昆虫吃掉。谓语were being eaten提示主语复数形式，leaf“叶子”，可数名词，表示“蔬菜叶子”应用复数形式，故填leaves。 100．考查非谓语动词。句意：“我不会放弃尝试，”这位29岁的会计师出身的农民说。give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”，try用动名词形式，故填trying。 101．考查冠词。句意：他决心把自己的农场变成一个有机农场，种植和童年记忆中一样味道的水果和蔬菜。此处泛指“一个有机农场”，使用不定冠词，且organic以元音音素开头，故填an。 102．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：种植美味健康的食物是我十几岁时的梦想。根据时间状语“since I was a teenager”可知主句使用现在完成时，主语是动名词短语，表示单数意义，谓语单数形式，故填has been。 103．考查宾语从句。句意：“我知道这很有挑战性，但如果你认真对待土壤，我相信它会有回报的，”Guo说。空处引导宾语从句，结合句意可知，此处使用连接副词how引导，修饰形容词challenging，故填how。 104．考查副词。句意：同上。空处修饰动词take，应用副词seriously作状语，take sth. seriously (认真对待某事)，故填seriously。 105．考查代词。句意：他补充说，务农不是一项能赚快钱的生意，但对他来说，这已经成为一项令人振奋的活动，让他回想起小时候和父母在农场度过的时光。空处修饰名词parents，应用形容词性物主代词his，故填his。 106．考查形容词。句意：Guo对有机农业的热情和对生产健康食品的承诺，一定会激励更多的年轻人探索可持续农业。空处修饰名词agriculture，应用形容词sustainable作定语，故填sustainable。 （二） A special tea picker has been operating at a West Lake Longjing tea plantation in Hangzhou recently. It is the world's first tea-picking robot. The robot uses two mechanical arms to move back and forth as it searches 107 tea buds （芽）. When it locates one, it uses a pair of scissors and a suction （抽吸） device 108 (attach) to the end of its arm to cut and collect the tea buds. It 109 (equip) with a pair of 3D eyes that can 110 (automatic) identify tender tea leaves through artificial intelligence technology. People firstly take many photos to tell the machine about the targets 111 it can pick, and when the photos are enough, the machine will learn by 112 ( it). The technology is also constantly improving. It has now been upgraded to the fifth generation, and it takes just 1. 5 seconds 113 (pick) a tea bud, with an 114 (accurate) rate of 86 percent. Ruan Jianyun, a tea expert, said, "We still have two problems. One problem is the efficiency and quality of tea picking, and 115 other is the cost of the machine." In recent years, mechanization has been widely applied in the tea production industry. However, the picking of high-quality tea still 116 (rely) on human labor. 【答案】 107．for 108．attached 109．is equipped 110．automatically 111．that/which 112．itself 113．to pick 114．accuracy 115．the 116．relies 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。文章介绍了一款在杭州西湖龙井茶园中运行的特殊采茶机器人，这是世界上第一台采茶机器人。 107．考查固定短语。句意：这个机器人用两只机械臂来回移动，寻找茶芽。search for 为固定短语，意为“寻找”，故填 for。 108．考查非谓语动词。句意：当它找到一个时，它用连接在手臂末端的一把剪刀和一个抽吸装置来切割和收集茶芽。attach 与 a suction device 是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，故填 attached。 109．考查被动语态。句意：它配备了一双 3D 眼睛，可以通过人工智能技术自动识别嫩茶叶。be equipped with 为固定短语，意为“配备有”，主语 It 与 equip 是被动关系，且句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is equipped。 110．考查副词。句意：同上。修饰动词 identify 应用副词，故填 automatically。 111．考查定语从句。句意：人们首先拍摄许多照片来告诉机器它可以采摘的目标，当照片足够时，机器将自学。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是 the targets，在定语从句中作宾语，故填 that/which。 112．考查反身代词。句意：同上。by oneself为固定短语，意为“独自，自行”，此处指机器自己学习，故填itself。 113．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在它已经升级到第五代，采摘一个茶芽只需要1.5秒，准确率为 86%。It takes some time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“花费某人时间做某事”，其中动词不定式做主语，故填to pick。 114．考查名词。句意：同上。此处应填入名词accuracy作定语，修饰rate，表示“准确性率”，accuracy rate为固定用法，意为“准确率”，故填accuracy。 115．考查固定短语。句意：茶专家阮建云说：“我们仍然有两个问题。一个问题是采茶的效率和质量，另一个是机器的成本。”one...the other...为固定短语，意为“一个……另一个……”，符合句意，故填 the。 116．考查主谓一致。句意：近年来，机械化在茶叶生产行业得到了广泛应用。然而，高质量茶叶的采摘仍然依赖人力。句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，因主语 the picking 是单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式，故填 relies。 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 （三） BYD, or Biyadi, is a leading Chinese automotive company that specializes in new energy vehicles, including electric cars and buses. 117 (establish) in Shenzhen in 2003 by Wang Chuanfu, 118 expert in battery technology, BYD initially made its mark in the battery industry. The company’s name, meaning ‘Build Your Dreams’, reflects 119 (it) ambitious vision. BYD 120 (focus) on developing electric and hybrid vehicles from the very beginning, taking advantage of its excellent battery technology. BYD’s commitment to innovation has led to the production of several 121 (true) successful models, such as the F3DM, the world’s first mass-produced plug-in hybrid car, and the E6, an electric crossover. Over the years, BYD has expanded its reach globally, selling vehicles in numerous countries and establishing research and 122 (produce) facilities internationally. The company has also diversified into other areas, including solar energy and LED technology, reflecting its broader commitment to 123 (sustain) development. BYD has been at the forefront of the electric vehicle revolution, investing heavily in research and development. Its innovative Blade Battery technology, introduced in 2020, aims to enhance the safety and performance of EV batteries, 124 so far has still been a major concern for the market. Today, BYD continues to grow, driven by its mission to create a 125 (green) future. With a diverse range of products and a strong 126 (present) in both domestic and international markets, BYD is a symbol of China’s rise as a major player in the global automotive industry. 【答案】 117．Established 118．an 119．its 120．has focused 121．truly 122．production 123．sustainable 124．which 125．greener 126．presence 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国领先的新能源汽车公司比亚迪的发展历程、主要产品和在电动汽车行业的创新与贡献。 117．考查被动语态。句意：比亚迪于2003年由电池技术专家王传福在深圳创立，最初在电池行业崭露头角。establish与其逻辑主语BYD之间是被动关系，空处应为过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成，句首单词首字母大写，故填Established。 118．考查冠词。句意：比亚迪于2003年由电池技术专家王传福在深圳创立，最初在电池行业崭露头角。expert为可数名词，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且expert以元音音素开头，故填an。 119．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：公司名称意为“造梦”，反映了其雄心勃勃的愿景。修饰名词vision应用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 120．考查时态。句意：比亚迪从一开始就专注于开发电动汽车和混合动力汽车，利用其出色的电池技术。根据时间状语from the very beginning可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语为BYD，助动词用has，故填has focused。 121．考查副词。句意：比亚迪对创新的承诺使其生产出了许多真正成功的车型，如世界上第一款批量生产的插电式混合动力汽车F3DM和电动跨界车E6。空处修饰形容词successful，应用副词truly，故填truly。 122．考查名词。句意：多年来，比亚迪在全球范围内扩大了业务范围，在许多国家销售汽车，并在国际上建立了研究和生产设施。此处与research并列，应填名词形式，production facilities表示“生产设施”，故填production。 123．考查形容词。句意：该公司还涉足其他领域，包括太阳能和LED技术，反映了其对可持续发展的更广泛承诺。修饰名词development应用形容词sustainable，故填sustainable。 124．考查定语从句。句意：其2020年推出的Blade Battery技术旨在提高电动汽车电池的安全性和性能，这一直是市场的一大关注点。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。 125．考查形容词。句意：如今，比亚迪继续发展，致力于创造一个更绿色的未来。空处表示“更绿色”，修饰名词future，应为比较级，用形容词greener，故填greener。 126．考查名词。句意：比亚迪拥有多样化的产品，在国内和国际市场上拥有强大的影响力，是中国崛起为全球汽车行业主要参与者的象征。根据空前形容词strong可知，此处应用名词presence作宾语，表示“存在”，故填presence。 （四） When we think of paper, we think of newspapers and books. But there are many other uses. Only half of the world’s paper 127 (use) for books and newspapers. Paper is very good for 128 (keep) you warm. You have perhaps seen homeless men 129 (sleep) on large numbers of newspapers. In Finland, it is sometimes -40℃ in winter. The farmers wear paper boots (靴子) in the snow. Nothing could be 130 (warm). Each year, more and more things are made of paper. We have had paper cups 131 plates for a long time. But now we hear 132 chairs, tables, and even 133 (bed) can be made of paper. Besides paper boots and shoes, you can wear paper hats, paper dresses, and paper raincoats. When you have used them once, you may throw them away and buy new ones. The latest use of paper 134 (seem) to be paper houses. These are not small houses for children to play in, but real, big houses for people to live in. You can buy 135 house with three rooms for about 500 dollars. You can put it up by 136 (you) in a few hours, and you can use it for about five years. 【答案】 127．is used 128．keeping 129．sleeping/sleep 130．warmer 131．and 132．that 133．beds 134．seems 135．a 136．yourself 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当我们想到纸时，我们会想到报纸和书籍。但还有很多其他用途。世界上只有一半的纸用于书籍和报纸。 127．考查时态和语态。句意：世界上只有一半的纸用于书籍和报纸。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态可知，此处为一般现在时，主语Only half of the world’s paper和动词use为被动关系，所以为一般现在时的被动语态结构，主语是Only half of the world’s paper，be动词使用is。故填is used。 128．考查动名词。句意：纸能很好地让你保暖。由空前for为介词以及提示词为动词可知，此处为动名词形式作宾语。故填keeping。 129．考查固定短语。句意：你也许见过无家可归的人睡在大量的报纸上。此处为固定短语see sb do/doing“看见某人做某事/看见某人正在做某事”，满足句意要求。故填sleeping/sleep。 130．考查形容词比较级。句意：没有比这更温暖的了。根据句意以及空前be动词可知，此处为形容词warm的比较级warmer“更暖和”作表语，满足句意要求。故填warmer。 131．考查连词。句意：我们使用纸杯和盘子已经很长时间了。根据句意可知，此处为连词and表示“和，以及”连接前后两个名词cups和plates，满足句意要求。故填and。 132．考查宾语从句。句意：但是现在我们听说椅子、桌子甚至床都可以用纸做。此处为从属连词that引导的宾语从句，that在从句中不作成分，无实意。故填that。 133．考查名词复数形式。句意：但是现在我们听说椅子、桌子甚至床都可以用纸做。由and连接的chairs和tables为复数名词可知，此处也应为复数名词，保持数的一致。故填beds。 134．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：纸的最新用途似乎是纸房子。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态可知，此处应为一般现在时，主语是The latest use of paper，所以谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填seems。 135．考查冠词。句意：你可以花大约500美元买一栋有三个房间的房子。根据句意以及空后house为单数名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一栋房子”，结合house为首音节辅音单词，所以为不定冠词a的填入。故填a。 136．考查代词。句意：你可以在几个小时内自己把它装起来，你可以使用它大约五年。根据句意以及空前by可知，此处为固定短语by oneself“独立地，靠自己”，满足句意要求，所以此处为反身代词填入。故填yourself。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$