精品解析：广东省佛山南海区石门高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月期中考试英语试题

石门高级中学2023-2024学年度第二学期高一年级英语科 第二次统测试题笔试部分 （全卷共8页，供高一全级使用 满分：130分 考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The SAC Summer Program is a six-week program of over 24 courses. The program is academically strict, in which each student's active participation is highly valued. It is stressful, involving a variety of classroom study, writing homework, presentations, and events that are demanding and time-consuming. Students will have the opportunity to contribute to and benefit from communicating with their peers. Application It has a rolling admission and anyone aged 16 and above are welcome to apply. • The application opens on November 1 for next summer. Once you select the course（s） you wish to apply for, the website will move you into the application section. • If the application is submitted （提交）between November 1 and December 31, notices will be sent out the second week of January. • If the application is submitted on January 1 and later, notices will be sent out about 2 weeks after the day. For more detailed information, please visit the Online Application page. Classes The SAC Summer Program offers classes in many different aspects. These classes provide a hands-on approach to the basics of the subjects in order to prepare the students for their continuing studies. The lessons will be covered through reading, lectures, observations and hands-on exercises. The majority of our classes are taught by school teachers, who are also professional leaders. 1. What kind of program is SAC? A. A writing program. B. An academic program. C. A speaking program. D. A social skill program. 2. When can students start to apply for the 2022 summer program? A. On November 1, 2021. B. On December 31, 2021. C. On January 1, 2022. D. On January 15, 2022. 3. What is the purpose of the program? A. To provide a professional training. B. To help students start in a subject. C. To offer a chance to communicate. D. To develop students* learning habits. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了一个暑期学术项目，包括如何申请，课程设计等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The program is academically strict, in which each student's active participation is highly valued.”(该项目在学术上很严格，每个学生的积极参与都是受到高度重视的)，可知，SAC是一个学术项目。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Application部分的“The application opens on November 1 for next summer. ( 明年夏天的课程申请将于11月1日开始。)”可知，2021年11月1日学生们开始申请2022年的暑期课程。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“These classes provide a hands-on approach to the basics of the subjects in order to prepare the students for their continuing studies.( 这些课程为这些科目的基础知识提供了一种动手实践的方法，以便为学生的继续学习做好准备)”可推断，这个项目的目的是为了帮助学生开始学习某门学科。故选B。 B There was a fine piece of carving stone material, but it was ruined by an unskilled sculptor. Mistakenly, he dug a hole on the part that was originally for the figure's leg. So this rare piece of marble （大理石）was abandoned in a church. One day, someone called in Michelangelo. They believed only he was able to make use of this piece of marble. Michelangelo looked at the stone and concluded that he could carve out a beautiful figure as long as he got the design adjusted to hide the damaged part. Michelangelo decided to carve the young David. One day, the mayor （市长）of the city entered the studio. He regarded himself as a carving expert and appreciated the work. He told Michelangelo that his work was a fantastic masterpiece, but the nose was too big. Michelangelo knew the mayor was standing right below the statue, so his visual angle was incorrect. Without a word, he asked the mayor to climb up the platform following him to the nose position. He then picked up a tool and some small pieces of marble. Michelangelo began to carve gently with the tool and made the collected stone pieces in his hand drop bit by bit. In fact, he didn’t change the nose, but it seemed as if he did. After several minutes, he stood aside and said, “Now, have a look!" The mayor answered, "This is better. You have made it true to life." Everyone believes they are right. If you try to persuade others to change their grounds by words, the reasoning of your argument may fall on deaf ears. Learn to prove the correctness of ideas in an indirect way. Getting the support of others through your own actions will be more powerful. One can never win if he only relies on arguments. 4. Why was Michelangelo invited to make the sculpture? A. The former sculptor broke the figure's leg. B. He could design a young David for a church. C. The mayor believed he could do a good job. D. He could reuse the rare damaged material. 5. Which of the following best describes Michelangelo? A. Dishonest. B. Responsible. C. Overconfident. D. Intelligent. 6. What does the underlined word “grounds” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Lifestyles. B. Hobbies. C. Opinions. D. Floors. 7. What can we learn from the story? A. A smart move is better than words. B. Do what you say and say what you do. C. Action is the proper fruit of knowledge. D. From small beginning come great things. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了米开朗基罗进行雕塑时，发生的故事，展示了米开朗基罗的聪明才智。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“There was a fine piece of carving stone material, but it was ruined by an unskilled sculptor. (有一块很好的雕刻石料，但是被一个不熟练的雕刻家毁坏了。)”以及第二段中“One day, someone called in Michelangelo. They believed only he was able to make use of this piece of marble. (有一天，有人打电话给米开朗基罗。他们认为只有他才能利用这块大理石。)”可知，米开朗基罗之所以被邀请来做这个雕塑，是因为他可以重复使用稀有的损坏的材料。故选D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Michelangelo knew the mayor was standing right below the statue, so his visual angle was incorrect. Without a word, he asked the mayor to climb up the platform following him to the nose position. He then picked up a tool and some small pieces of marble. Michelangelo began to carve gently with the tool and made the collected stone pieces in his hand drop bit by bit. In fact, he didn’t change the nose, but it seemed as if he did. (米开朗基罗知道市长就站在雕像的正下方，所以他的视角不对。他一句话也没说，让市长跟着他爬上画台，一直爬到鼻子的位置。然后他拿起一个工具和一些小的大理石碎片。米开朗基罗开始用这个工具轻轻地雕刻，让他手中收集的石头一点一点地掉下来。事实上，他没有改变鼻子，但看起来他改变了。)”可知，米开朗基罗巧妙地骗过了市长，让市长看到的好像是在按着市长的建议去做的。再根据最后一段中“Learn to prove the correctness of ideas in an indirect way. (学会用间接的方式证明观点的正确性。)”的总结可以推知，米开朗基罗是聪明的。故选D项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Everyone believes they are right. (每个人都认为自己是对的。)”说明每个人都有自己的认识，即自己的看法，再根据划线词句“If you try to persuade others to change their grounds by words, the reasoning of your argument may fall on deaf ears. (如果你试图用言语说服别人改变他们的grounds，你的论证可能会被置若罔闻。)”可以推知，其中划线单词grounds应为“认识，看法”的意思，选项C“观点，看法”与之意义最为接近。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Getting the support of others through your own actions will be more powerful. One can never win if he only relics on arguments. (通过自己的行动获得别人的支持会更有力量。如果一个人只停留在争论上，他永远不会赢。)”可以推知，通过这个故事，我们可以学到：聪明的行动胜于雄辩。故选A项。 C Are we facing the end of civilization, or even the planet? It's a question that attracted some serious scientific brainpower. Some institutions are studying the probabilities of various disasters. Meanwhile, climate and earth-system scientists are collecting more evidence that climate change will seriously damage our world or at least cause a major war. Rather than judging the science itself Notes From An Apocalypse explores how these threats affect individuals. It is the second such book from Mark O'Connell, the winner of the 2018 Wellcome Book Prize. In the story, O'Connell explores deeper into our personal hearts. He asks what happens when we're faced with the possibility of the end-time. A successful journalist living in Dublin with his young family, O'Connell is crazy about the idea of collapse(毁灭).This leads him into shadowy worlds while readying himself for the breakdown. He visits a former weapons-storage place. He interviews Peter Thiel, a billionaire who attempts to redesign the government to suit the needs after collapse. And he attends a meeting of the Mars Society, where members share dreams of living on the Red Planet. However, O'Connell discovers that what those people are doing is preparing not for their fears but their imaginations. They contribute “nothing to the prevention of others' sufferings”. Back in Dublin, O'Connell finds he has lost his taste for collapse. He finds inspiration to change his focus from how our lives might end, to what makes them worth living. Notes from an Apocalypse offers no scientific analysis of the threats we face or how we should respond. Instead, it shows how easily our fears can cause us to walk away from the disasters we create — to hide, lie, waste — just when we most need to do something. In this thoughtful, funny and disturbing book, O'Connell makes a persuasive argument that connecting with nature and each other is the best way to calm our disasters—and it might even increase our hopes of avoiding the worst. 8. What possibility is discussed in Paragraph I? A. The weather is getting warmer. B. The world is coming to an end. C. Science can improve civilization. D. A big war is on the way to the world. 9. What does O'Connell finally achieve during his journey? A. He finds many people sharing his belief. B He knows how to prepare for the end-time. C. He collects some evidence about the disaster. D. He throws away his initial idea about collapse. 10. What suggestion does O'Connell give in his book? A. People must make preparations for the end-time. B. People have to find a way to escape from the earth. C. People should bridge the gap between human and nature. D. People just need to enjoy themselves before the disaster. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. A Journey to the End of the World and Back B. A Scientific Research into Saving the Planet C. A Story of the People Threatened by Collapse D. An Exploration into Different People's Hearts 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了面对文明的终结，甚至是地球的终结这一问题，作家Mark O'Connell在他的Notes From An Apocalypse一书中开启了对人心、对毁灭的深入研究与探讨之旅，最后归来时，他摒弃了对毁灭的着迷，把自己的关注点从生命如何终结转向是什么让人们值得活下去，并主张人与自然之间建立联系是平息灾难的最好方式。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一自然段“Are we facing the end of civilization, or even the planet? It's a question that attracted some serious scientific brainpower.(我们是否正面临着文明的终结，甚至是地球的终结?这个问题吸引了一些严谨的科学家)”可知，第一自然段讨论了世界走向终结的可能性。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三自然段“O'Connell is crazy about the idea of collapse.(奥康奈尔对毁灭的想法很着迷)”和第四自然段“Back in Dublin, O'Connell finds he has lost his taste for collapse. He finds inspiration to change his focus from how our lives might end, to what makes them worth living.(回到都柏林，奥康奈尔发现他已经失去了对毁灭的兴趣。他找到了灵感，将他的关注点从我们的生活可能如何结束，转移到什么让我们的生活有价值)”可知，奥康奈尔在旅途中放弃了他最初对毁灭的着迷。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五自然段“In this thoughtful, funny and disturbing book, O'Connell makes a persuasive argument that connecting with nature and each other is the best way to calm our disasters — and it might even increase our hopes of avoiding the worst.(在这本深思熟虑、有趣而又令人不安的书中，奥康奈尔提出了一个有说服力的主张，即与自然联系和与彼此联系是平息灾难的最好方式——它甚至可能提升我们避免最糟情况的希望)”可知，书中给出的建议是与自然联系，在人与自然之间架起桥梁。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了面对文明的终结，甚至是地球的终结这一问题，作家Mark O'Connell在他的Notes From An Apocalypse一书中开启了对人心、对毁灭的深入研究与探讨之旅，最后归来时，他摒弃了对毁灭的着迷，把自己的关注点从生命如何终结转向是什么让人们值得活下去。从探寻世界末日到归来之旅，Mark O'Connell的观注点的变化是本文的主线，所以“A Journey to the End of the World and Back”是最佳标题。故选A项。 D The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. 12. What is the book aimed at? A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device. 13. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over. 14. What is presented in the final chapter of part one? A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods. C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses. 15. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends. C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数字生活方式。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. (这本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这种哲学)”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. (这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动)”可推知，画线词“declutter”的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。通过文章第四段“In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. (在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中，1600多人同意进行数字清理)”可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例子。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. (你可以将这些实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式)”可推知，作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选A。 【点睛】 第二节 语句排序（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 16. 将下列几个部分（A、B、C、D和E）按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 A. In his twenties, he had been very famous for his skills on the piano, but then he began to lose his hearing. B. Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer. He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music. C. He proceeded with the composition until his death in 1827, writing more than 130 musical works, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor. D. Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music. E. Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies, five piano pieces, and an opera! ______ → ______ →. ______ → ______ → ______ 【答案】 ①. B ②. A ③. D ④. E ⑤. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇人物传记。文章主要围绕贝多芬的生平、挑战、创作过程以及成就进行描述。它们详细介绍了贝多芬的身份、他在音乐上的早期成就、面临听力丧失的挑战、由此产生的创作灵感以及他最终的创作成果。 【详解】1. 选项B“Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer. He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music.(路德维希·凡·贝多芬是一位德国作曲家。他被认为是音乐史上最伟大的作曲家之一。)” 是介绍性的，它首先提到了Ludwig van Beethoven（贝多芬）的身份，并指出他在音乐史上的地位。这是一个很好的起点，因为它为接下来的内容提供了背景。故B选项排在第一位。 2. 上文总的介绍了贝多芬。选项A“In his twenties, he had been very famous for his skills on the piano, but then he began to lose his hearing.(在他二十多岁的时候，他的钢琴技巧已经非常出名了，但后来他开始失去听力。)” 紧接着B句，详细描述了贝多芬在年轻时的成就和随后听力丧失的情况。它是对B句中提到的“Ludwig van Beethoven”的进一步描述。故A选项排在第二位。 3. 上文提到贝多芬在二十多岁时钢琴技巧非常了得，但是后来开始失去听力。选项D“Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music.(贝多芬想过放弃，但最后他还是继续写音乐。)” 描述了贝多芬在面临听力丧失挑战时的内心挣扎和最终的决定。这是A句中提到的听力丧失情况的自然延续。故D选项排在了第三位。 4. 上文提到了贝多芬失去听力后，并没有放弃，而是继续写音乐。选项E“Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies, five piano pieces, and an opera!(这位作曲家受到与耳聋斗争的启发，创作了一些令人惊叹的作品，包括九首交响曲，五首钢琴曲和一部歌剧!)” 详细描述了贝多芬在失去听力后受到启发的创作高峰。它与D句中提到的贝多芬的决定紧密相连，并展示了其结果。故E选项排在了第四位。 5. 上文提到了贝多芬失去听力后，并没有放弃，而是继续写音乐，并取得了辉煌的成就。选项C“He proceeded with the composition until his death in 1827, writing more than 130 musical works, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor.(他写了130多部音乐作品，包括他的D小调第九交响曲，直到1827年去世。)” 总结了贝多芬一生的创作成就，并提到了他的去世时间。它是对前面所有描述的总结，并给出了一个明确的结束。故C选项排在了最后一位。 所以答案为BADEC。 第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____17____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____18____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____19____ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____20____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____21____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【答案】17. D 18. B 19. F 20. C 21. G 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。 【17题详解】 根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过)”可知，作者认为人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. (你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点)”中的“do this”以及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项D“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. (宽恕自己也同样重要)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ” (在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. (你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. (现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。故选B。 19题详解】 根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (在第二页的顶部，写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候)”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. (不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. (这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. (他们甚至可能想试一试做练习)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. (事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法)”中的“this”一致。故选C。 【21题详解】 根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. (大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥调。但事实是，这是真的)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项G“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. (不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. (我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种积极的发展和成长的方式)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。故选G。 【点睛】 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____22____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____23____ came because she was carrying a ____24____ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____25____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____26____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____27____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____28____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____29____ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____30____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme _____31_____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more _____32_____ about why her act is considered a big _____33_____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t _____34_____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the _____35_____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the _____36_____ of human kindness won the day. 22. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 23. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 24. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 25. A. race B. school C. town D. training 26. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 27. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 28. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 29. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 30. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 31. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 32. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 33. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 34. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 35 A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 36. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 【答案】22. D 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A. judge裁判；B. volunteer志愿者；C. classmate同学；D. competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A. race比赛；B. school学校；C. town城镇；D. training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。A. agreed同意；B. returned回来；C. stopped停止；D. promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴Danielle Lenoue。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A. courage勇气；B. aid帮助；C. patience耐心；D. advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. went away离开； B. stood up站起来；C. stepped aside让路；D. bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A. medical医疗的；B. public公众的；C. constant持续不断的；D. equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A. interrupted打断；B. assessed评估；C. identified识别；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A. hunger饥饿；B. pain疼痛；C. cold感冒；D. tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. worried担心的；B. ashamed惭愧的；C. confused困惑的；D. discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A. game游戏；B. problem问题；C. lesson课；D. deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A. leave离开；B. cure治愈；C. bother打扰；D. understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A. ride短途旅程；B. test测试；C. meet体育比赛；D. show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。 【36题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A. secret秘密；B. display展示；C. benefit利益；D. exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。故选B。 【点睛】 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 The oldest and most common source of renewable energy ___37___(know) to man, biomass (有机燃料) is one of the most important forms of energy production in the United States and elsewhere. Since such ___38___ wide variety of biomass materials is everywhere — from trees and grasses to agricultural and city-life wastes — biomass ___39___(promise) to play a continuing role in providing power and heat for millions of people around the world. According to the Union of Concerned Scientists（UCS), biomass is a kind of renewable energy source ___40___ produces no carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), because the energy it contains comes from the sun. When plant matter ___41___（burn), it gives off the sun’s energy. In this way, biomass serves ___42___ a sort of natural battery (电池)for storing the sun’s energy. As long as biomass is produced ___43___(continue) — with only as much grown as is used — the “battery” lasts forever. According to the Energy Information Administration, biomass ___44___(be) one of the leading renewable energy sources in the United States for several years running through 2007, ___45___(make) up between 0.5and 0.9 percent of the nation’s total electricity supply. In 2008 — although the numbers aren’t all in yet — wind power probably took over first place because of the rapid ____46____(develop) of wind farms across the country. 【答案】37. known 38. a 39. promises 40. that##which 41. is burned 42. as 43. continuously 44. has been 45. making 46. development 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生物质（有机燃料）这种可再生能源。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人类已知最古老和最普遍的可再生能源来源，生物质能是美国和其他地区最重要的能源生产形式之一。分析句子结构，本句已有系动词is，空处需填非谓语动词，know和主语energy source之间为被动关系，需用过去分词形式表被动，故填known。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：由于各种各样的生物质材料无处不在——从树木和草到农业和城市生活废弃物——生物质能有望继续在全球范围内为数百万人提供电力和热量。a wide variety of为固定短语，意为“多种多样的”，故填a。 【39题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：同上。分析句子结构，promise在句中作谓语动词，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，使用一般现在时，主语biomass为不可数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，故填promises。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句引导词。句意：据关注科学家联盟(UCS)称，生物质是一种不产生二氧化碳的可再生能源，因为它所含的能量来自太阳。分析句子结构，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词source，先行词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。 【41题详解】 考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：当植物物质燃烧时，它释放出太阳的能量。分析句子结构，burn作从句谓语动词，与主语plant matter之间构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为不可数名词，be动词使用is。故填is burned。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：通过这种方式，生物质能充当了一种储存太阳能的天然电池。serve as为固定短语，意为“充当，担任”，故填as。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：只要生物质能持续生产——只种植和使用的量一样多——这个“电池”就会永远存在。分析句子结构，空处需填副词修饰动词produced，故填continuously。 【44题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：据能源信息管理局称，截至2007年，生物质能一直是美国最主要的可再生能源之一，占全国总电力供应的0.5%至0.9%。根据时间状语for several years running through 2007可知，此处表示从过去开始一直持续到2007年的状态，使用现在完成时，主语biomass为不可数名词，助动词使用has，故填has been。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空处需填非谓语动词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，需用现在分词形式，故填making。 【46题详解】 考查名词。句意：2008年——尽管数据还没有全部出来——由于全国各地风电场的迅速发展，风能可能已经占据了首位。rapid为形容词，修饰名词，空处需填名词development，故填development。 第三部分：词汇基础（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 语义匹配（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 47. If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will persuade her. A. No words will convince her B. no words will encourage her C. anything you say might hurt he D. something you say might influence her 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查同义句。句意：如果她不想去，你说什么也说服不了她。A. No words will convince her什么话也说服不了她；B. no words will encourage her任何言语都不能鼓励她；C. anything you say might hurt her你说的任何话都可能伤害他；D. something you say might influence her你说的话可能会影响她。句中划线部分nothing you can say will persuade her的意思是：你说什么也说服不了她，与A项语意一致。故选A项。 48. With effective time management, John successfully balanced his work and personal life. A. poorly handling his work B. messily planning his time C. skillfully organizing his schedule D. efficiently enhancing his performance 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语和形容词短语。句意：通过有效的时间管理，约翰成功地平衡了他的工作和私人生活。根据原句中的“effective time management(有效的时间管理)”可知，约翰通过有效的时间管理达到了平衡工作和个人生活的目的，这与选项C的“skillfully organizing his schedule(熟练地安排他的日程)”意思相符，故选C项。 49. If the weather conditions worsen, we may need to adjust our travel plans. A. our travel plans may require examination B. our travel plans may need to be cancelled C. we are likely to stay as originally planned D. we might need to make changes to our travel plans 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果天气状况恶化，我们可能需要调整我们的旅行计划。根据原句中的“If the weather conditions worsen(如果天气状况恶化)”以及“may need to adjust our travel plans (可能需要调整我们的旅行计划)”可知，如果天气变坏，我们需要对旅行计划做出调整，这与选项D的“might need to make changes(可能需要调整)”意思相符，故选D项。 50. After they finish the survey, they will determine the preferences of the customers. A. they will find out how customers shop B. they will figure out what customers like C. grasping what customers enjoy won’t come easily to them D. understanding what customers favor will be beyond their reach 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查同义句。句意：在他们完成调查后，他们将确定顾客的偏好。A. they will find out how customers shop他们会发现顾客是如何购物的；B. they will figure out what customers like他们会弄清楚顾客喜欢什么；C. grasping what customers enjoy won’t come easily to them了解顾客喜欢什么对他们来说并不容易；D. understanding what customers favor will be beyond their reach了解客户喜欢什么将超出他们的能力范围。句中划线部分they will determine the preferences of the customers的意思是：他们将确定顾客的偏好，与B项语意一致。故选B项。 51. Although it was a difficult task, they were willing to accept the responsibility. A. they were interested in the task B. they enjoyed facing the challenge C. they were ready to shoulder the task D. they avoided taking on the demanding role 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查同义句。句意：虽然这是一项艰巨的任务，但他们愿意承担责任。A. they were interested in the task他们对这项任务很感兴趣；B. they enjoyed facing the challenge他们喜欢面对挑战；C. they were ready to shoulder the task他们准备承担这项任务；D. they avoided taking on the demanding role他们避免承担要求很高的角色。句中划线部分they were willing to accept the responsibility的意思是：他们愿意承担责任，与C项语意一致。故选C项。 52. By practicing mindfulness, individuals can reduce stress and improve well-being. A. they will become careless B. they will lose focus easily C. they can improve their concentration D. they can enhance their overall health 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查句意。句意：通过练习正念，个人可以减轻压力，提高幸福感。A. they will become careless他们会变得粗心大意；B. they will lose focus easily他们会很容易失去注意力；C. they can improve their concentration它们可以提高他们的注意力；D. they can enhance their overall health它们可以增强他们的整体健康。句中划线部分与D选择项含义一致。故选D。 53. Because of the inspiring speech, the employees were motivated to improve their performance. A. the employees were encouraged to enhance their output B. the employees were asked to raise their work standards C. the employees failed to give a good performance D. the employees tried to have a pay rise 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于那鼓舞人心的演讲，员工们受到激励去提高他们的绩效。根据上文“Because of the inspiring speech(由于那鼓舞人心的演讲)”可知，下文说的是员工们被激励去提高他们的绩效。A项“the employees were encouraged to enhance their output(员工们被鼓励去提高他们的绩效)”表达的含义符合语境。故选A项。 54. Before a test, reviewing your notes is important. A. it’s vital to communicate effectively B. it’s important to go through your notes C. it’s crucial to understand the instructions D. it’s harmful to take the test with your notes 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查同义句。句意：考试前，复习笔记是很重要的。A. it’s vital to communicate effectively有效沟通是至关重要的；B. it’s important to go through your notes浏览一下你的笔记是很重要的；C. it’s crucial to understand the instructions理解说明是至关重要的；D. it’s harmful to take the test with your notes拿着笔记考试是有害的。句中划线部分reviewing your notes is important的意思是：复习笔记很重要，与B项语意一致。故选B项。 55. Though the exam was challenging, she performed well with a decent understanding of the subject. A. she struggled on account of financial hardships B. she succeeded owing to her innovative approach C. she did a good job because she knew the subject quite well D. she failed the test due to a weak understanding of the subject. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】语义匹配题。句意：虽然考试很有挑战性，但她表现得很好，因为对这门课理解得很好。A. she struggled on account of financial hardships她因经济困难而挣扎；B. she succeeded owing to her innovative approach她的成功是由于她的创新方法；C. she did a good job because she knew the subject quite well她做得很好，因为她对这门学科很熟悉；D. she failed the test due to a weak understanding of the subject.由于对这门学科理解不深，她考试不及格。句中划线部分she performed well with a decent understanding of the subject的意思是：她表现得很好，因为对这门课有相当的理解，与C项语意一致。故选C项。 56. As a freelancer, Peter enjoyed the flexibility of his occupation, allowing him to create his own work schedule. A. his timetable was taken up B. his accomplishments were appreciated C. his work restricted his creativity to narrow limits D. his job gave him the freedom to make his own working plan 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】语义匹配题。句意：作为一名自由职业者，彼得喜欢他的职业的灵活性，允许他创建自己的工作时间表。A. his timetable was taken up他的时间表排满了；B. his accomplishments were appreciated他的成就受到赞赏；C. his work restricted his creativity to narrow limits他的工作使他的创造力受到限制；D. his job gave him the freedom to make his own working plan他的工作给了他制定自己工作计划的自由。句中划线部分Peter enjoyed the flexibility of his occupation的意思是：彼得喜欢他职业的灵活性，与D项语意一致。故选D项。 第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 57. What makes it striking is that it shows a thin f______ with an expression of fear. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】figure##igure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：它引人注目的地方在于，它展示了一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影。根据句意和首字母提示，用figure作宾语，意为“轮廓，人影”，结合冠词a可知，用单数形式。故填figure。 58. When Li Lei saw a little girl fell into the lake, he didn’t h______ to jump into the lake and pulled her out of the lake. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】hesitate##esitate 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当李雷看到小女孩掉进湖里时，他没有犹豫就跳进湖里把她拉了出来。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，使用动词。根据下文“to jump into the lake and pulled her out of the lake(跳进湖里把她拉出来)”可以推理出空白处应填表示“犹豫”含义的动词，根据首字母提示，以字母h开头且表示“犹豫”含义的动词为：hesitate，结合助动词didn't后接动词原形，故填hesitate。 59. It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can i______ thousands-millions-of people, and this is what is going to change the world. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】involve##nvolve 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：只有通过共同行动，以这种令人兴奋的方式，我们才能让成千上万的人参与进来，这将改变世界。情态动词can后接动词原形。根据首字母提示及句意，用动词involve，表示“ 包含；使忙于”之意。故填involve。 60. It is said singing is of great b______ to human health. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】benefit##enefit 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：据说唱歌对人的健康有很大的好处。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做介词of的宾语，使用名词。根据下文“to human health(对人类健康)”可推理出空白处应填表示“好处”含义的名词，根据首字母提示，以字母b开头且表示“好处”含义的名词为：benefit，故填benefit。 61. The tiger crashed through a wooden fence and d______. We couldn’t see it at all. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】disappeared##isappeared 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：老虎冲过木栅栏消失了。我们根本看不见它。根据“We couldn’t see it at all”可知，老虎消失了。结合首字母提示，用动词disappear，作并列谓语，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态。故填disappeared。 62. His view was that art should shock the viewers and ______ (挑战) their sense of reality. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】challenge 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他的观点是，艺术应该震撼观众，挑战他们的现实感。“挑战”是从句中并列谓语，用动词challenge，在情态动词should后用动词原形。故填challenge。 63. The Empire of Light has produced different ______(反应)in viewers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reactions 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：关于《光之帝国》，不同的观众有不同的反应。分析句子结构，此处应使用名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，表示“反应”含义的表达为reaction，且由different修饰，使用可数名词复数形式，故填reactions。 64. As the final, joyous note ______(标志)the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, cheering and waving their hats. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】signalled 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当最后一个欢快的音符标志着交响乐的结束时，观众们跳起来、鼓掌、欢呼、挥舞着帽子。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词signal，照应主句谓语动词jumped可知，应为一般过去时。故填signalled。 65. We should lay a firm f______(基础)for their further study. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】foundation##oundation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该为他们的进一步学习奠定坚实的基础。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母f开头且表示“基础”含义的表达为foundation，lay a firm foundation for“为……奠定坚实的基础”。故填 foundation。 66. Thus people who wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their ______ (目的地) and leave them there. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】destinations 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：因此，想要使用它们的人必须把它们带到目的地附近的另一个专门的停车场，然后把它们留在那里。“目的地”作宾语，用可数名词destination，结合形容词性物主代词their可知，用复数形式。故填destinations。 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 短语填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 67. When Tom sees Mary, he always ______________(提到那件事). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】mentions that thing 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：当汤姆见到玛丽，他总提到那件事。表示“提到”应用动词mention，根据上文sees可知为一般现在时，主语为he，谓语用三单形式；表示“那件事”用that thing。故填mentions that thing。 68. Jack’s father has retired from the company. Now Jack _____________(要接受主管公司). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】is to take over the company 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：杰克的父亲已经从公司退休了。现在杰克要接受主管公司。根据汉语提示，表示“按计划或安排要做某事”含义的表达为“be to do sth.”，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，可知谓语动词使用一般现在时，主语 Jack 是第三人称单数，所以 be 动词用 is；表示“主管，接管”含义的表达为take over；表示“公司”含义的表达为company，故填is to take over the company。 69. At the meeting last night, everybody tried to think of a way to solve the problem. Suddenly Susan ___________ (想到一个好主意) and shared it with us. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】came up with a good idea 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：在昨晚的会议上，每个人都试图想出一个解决问题的方法。突然，苏珊想出了一个好主意并与我们分享。“想到”用动词短语come up with表示，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，宾语“一个好主意”用a good idea表示。故填came up with a good idea。 70. As a student, I must study very hard to _______________ (使我的梦想成真). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】make my dream come true 【解析】 【详解】考查使役动词和动词短语。句意：作为一名学生，我必须努力使我的梦想成真。“使”用使役动词make表示，用原形构成不定式短语作目的状，宾语“我的梦想”用my dream，“成真”用动词短语come true表示，又因make sb./sth. do...是固定搭配，用动词原形作宾语补足语。故填make my dream come true。 71. This film ______________ (以……为根据) a real story in our life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】is based on 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这部电影是以我们生活中的一个真实故事为根据改编的。“以……为根据”用动词base表示，作谓语，与主语This film之间是被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，谓语用单数形式。综上，谓语用一般现在时被动语态，单数形式。故填is based on。 第二节 应用文写作（15分） 72. 假定你是李华，一名来自中国的学生，在论坛上看到美国高考（SAT）的消息，请给版主Tom写一封电子邮件，咨询相关信息。内容包括： 1. 举办的时间； 2. 考试内容和方式： 3. 对外国学生的要求和费用。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头结尾已为你写好；文章可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, I am Li Hua, a Chinese student interested in taking the SAT. Could you please provide me with some information about the upcoming exam? Firstly, I would like to know the specific dates when the SAT will be held. This will help me plan my preparation schedule accordingly. Secondly, I am curious about the exam content and format. Could you detail the sections included in the SAT and the types of questions that are typically asked? Lastly, as a foreign student, I am wondering if there are any special requirements or additional fees that I should be aware of. Your assistance would be greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance for your help. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向版主Tom写一封电子邮件，咨询关于美国高考（SAT）的相关信息。 【详解】词汇积累 提供：provide→ offer 相应地：accordingly→ correspondingly 细节：detail→ elaborate 感激：appreciate→ be grateful for 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am Li Hua, a Chinese student interested in taking the SAT. 拓展句：I am Li Hua, a Chinese student who is interested in taking the SAT. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Firstly, I would like to know the specific dates when the SAT will be held.（使用了关系代词when引导的定语从句，先行词为dates） 【高分句型 2】Could you detail the sections included in the SAT and the types of questions that are typically asked?（使用了过去分词短语作定语和that引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 石门高级中学2023-2024学年度第二学期高一年级英语科 第二次统测试题笔试部分 （全卷共8页，供高一全级使用 满分：130分 考试时间：120分钟） 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The SAC Summer Program is a six-week program of over 24 courses. The program is academically strict, in which each student's active participation is highly valued. It is stressful, involving a variety of classroom study, writing homework, presentations, and events that are demanding and time-consuming. Students will have the opportunity to contribute to and benefit from communicating with their peers. Application It has a rolling admission and anyone aged 16 and above are welcome to apply. • The application opens on November 1 for next summer. Once you select the course（s） you wish to apply for, the website will move you into the application section. • If the application is submitted （提交）between November 1 and December 31, notices will be sent out the second week of January. • If the application is submitted on January 1 and later, notices will be sent out about 2 weeks after the day. For more detailed information, please visit the Online Application page. Classes The SAC Summer Program offers classes in many different aspects. These classes provide a hands-on approach to the basics of the subjects in order to prepare the students for their continuing studies. The lessons will be covered through reading, lectures, observations and hands-on exercises. The majority of our classes are taught by school teachers, who are also professional leaders. 1. What kind of program is SAC? A. A writing program. B. An academic program. C. A speaking program. D. A social skill program. 2. When can students start to apply for the 2022 summer program? A. On November 1, 2021. B. On December 31, 2021. C. On January 1, 2022. D. On January 15, 2022. 3 What is the purpose of the program? A. To provide a professional training. B. To help students start in a subject. C. To offer a chance to communicate. D. To develop students* learning habits. B There was a fine piece of carving stone material, but it was ruined by an unskilled sculptor. Mistakenly, he dug a hole on the part that was originally for the figure's leg. So this rare piece of marble （大理石）was abandoned in a church. One day, someone called in Michelangelo. They believed only he was able to make use of this piece of marble. Michelangelo looked at the stone and concluded that he could carve out a beautiful figure as long as he got the design adjusted to hide the damaged part. Michelangelo decided to carve the young David. One day, the mayor （市长）of the city entered the studio. He regarded himself as a carving expert and appreciated the work. He told Michelangelo that his work was a fantastic masterpiece, but the nose was too big. Michelangelo knew the mayor was standing right below the statue, so his visual angle was incorrect. Without a word, he asked the mayor to climb up the platform following him to the nose position. He then picked up a tool and some small pieces of marble. Michelangelo began to carve gently with the tool and made the collected stone pieces in his hand drop bit by bit. In fact, he didn’t change the nose, but it seemed as if he did. After several minutes, he stood aside and said, “Now, have a look!" The mayor answered, "This is better. You have made it true to life." Everyone believes they are right. If you try to persuade others to change their grounds by words, the reasoning of your argument may fall on deaf ears. Learn to prove the correctness of ideas in an indirect way. Getting the support of others through your own actions will be more powerful. One can never win if he only relies on arguments. 4. Why was Michelangelo invited to make the sculpture? A. The former sculptor broke the figure's leg. B. He could design a young David for a church. C. The mayor believed he could do a good job. D. He could reuse the rare damaged material. 5. Which of the following best describes Michelangelo? A. Dishonest. B. Responsible. C. Overconfident. D. Intelligent. 6. What does the underlined word “grounds” in the last paragraph refer to? A. Lifestyles. B. Hobbies. C. Opinions. D. Floors. 7. What can we learn from the story? A. A smart move is better than words. B. Do what you say and say what you do. C. Action is the proper fruit of knowledge. D. From small beginning come great things. C Are we facing the end of civilization, or even the planet? It's a question that attracted some serious scientific brainpower. Some institutions are studying the probabilities of various disasters. Meanwhile, climate and earth-system scientists are collecting more evidence that climate change will seriously damage our world or at least cause a major war. Rather than judging the science itself Notes From An Apocalypse explores how these threats affect individuals. It is the second such book from Mark O'Connell, the winner of the 2018 Wellcome Book Prize. In the story, O'Connell explores deeper into our personal hearts. He asks what happens when we're faced with the possibility of the end-time. A successful journalist living in Dublin with his young family, O'Connell is crazy about the idea of collapse(毁灭).This leads him into shadowy worlds while readying himself for the breakdown. He visits a former weapons-storage place. He interviews Peter Thiel, a billionaire who attempts to redesign the government to suit the needs after collapse. And he attends a meeting of the Mars Society, where members share dreams of living on the Red Planet. However, O'Connell discovers that what those people are doing is preparing not for their fears but their imaginations. They contribute “nothing to the prevention of others' sufferings”. Back in Dublin, O'Connell finds he has lost his taste for collapse. He finds inspiration to change his focus from how our lives might end, to what makes them worth living. Notes from an Apocalypse offers no scientific analysis of the threats we face or how we should respond. Instead, it shows how easily our fears can cause us to walk away from the disasters we create — to hide, lie, waste — just when we most need to do something. In this thoughtful, funny and disturbing book, O'Connell makes a persuasive argument that connecting with nature and each other is the best way to calm our disasters—and it might even increase our hopes of avoiding the worst. 8. What possibility is discussed in Paragraph I? A. The weather is getting warmer. B. The world is coming to an end. C. Science can improve civilization. D. A big war is on the way to the world. 9. What does O'Connell finally achieve during his journey? A. He finds many people sharing his belief. B. He knows how to prepare for the end-time. C. He collects some evidence about the disaster. D. He throws away his initial idea about collapse. 10. What suggestion does O'Connell give in his book? A. People must make preparations for the end-time. B. People have to find a way to escape from the earth. C. People should bridge the gap between human and nature. D. People just need to enjoy themselves before the disaster. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. A Journey to the End of the World and Back B. A Scientific Research into Saving the Planet C. A Story of the People Threatened by Collapse D. An Exploration into Different People's Hearts D The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. In the final chapter of part one, I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. 12. What is the book aimed at? A Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device. 13. What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over. 14. What is presented in the final chapter of part one? A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods. C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses. 15. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A. Use them as needed. B. Recommend them to friends. C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them. 第二节 语句排序（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 16. 将下列几个部分（A、B、C、D和E）按题号排序，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 A. In his twenties, he had been very famous for his skills on the piano, but then he began to lose his hearing. B. Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer. He is regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of music. C. He proceeded with the composition until his death in 1827, writing more than 130 musical works, including his Symphony No.9 in D minor. D. Beethoven thought about giving up, but in the end he continued to write music. E. Inspired by his struggles with deafness, the composer produced some amazing pieces, including nine symphonies, five piano pieces, and an opera! ______ → ______ →. ______ → ______ → ______ 第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____17____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____18____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____19____ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____20____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this — it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ____21____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____22____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____23____ came because she was carrying a ____24____ across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her ____25____ when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She ____26____ to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with ____27____. She couldn’t. Bailey then ____28____ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____29____ attention. Once there, Lenoue was ____30____ and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme _____31_____ to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more _____32_____ about why her act is considered a big _____33_____. “She was just crying. I couldn’t _____34_____ her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the _____35_____, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the _____36_____ of human kindness won the day. 22. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 23. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 24. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 25. A. race B. school C. town D. training 26. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 27. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 28. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 29. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 30. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 31. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 32. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 33. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 34. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 35. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 36. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 The oldest and most common source of renewable energy ___37___(know) to man, biomass (有机燃料) is one of the most important forms of energy production in the United States and elsewhere. Since such ___38___ wide variety of biomass materials is everywhere — from trees and grasses to agricultural and city-life wastes — biomass ___39___(promise) to play a continuing role in providing power and heat for millions of people around the world. According to the Union of Concerned Scientists（UCS) biomass is a kind of renewable energy source ___40___ produces no carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), because the energy it contains comes from the sun. When plant matter ___41___（burn), it gives off the sun’s energy. In this way, biomass serves ___42___ a sort of natural battery (电池)for storing the sun’s energy. As long as biomass is produced ___43___(continue) — with only as much grown as is used — the “battery” lasts forever. According to the Energy Information Administration, biomass ___44___(be) one of the leading renewable energy sources in the United States for several years running through 2007, ___45___(make) up between 0.5and 0.9 percent of the nation’s total electricity supply. In 2008 — although the numbers aren’t all in yet — wind power probably took over first place because of the rapid ____46____(develop) of wind farms across the country. 第三部分：词汇基础（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 语义匹配（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 47. If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will persuade her. A. No words will convince her B. no words will encourage her C. anything you say might hurt he D. something you say might influence her 48. With effective time management, John successfully balanced his work and personal life. A. poorly handling his work B. messily planning his time C. skillfully organizing his schedule D. efficiently enhancing his performance 49. If the weather conditions worsen, we may need to adjust our travel plans. A. our travel plans may require examination B. our travel plans may need to be cancelled C. we are likely to stay as originally planned D. we might need to make changes to our travel plans 50. After they finish the survey, they will determine the preferences of the customers. A. they will find out how customers shop B. they will figure out what customers like C. grasping what customers enjoy won’t come easily to them D. understanding what customers favor will be beyond their reach 51. Although it was a difficult task, they were willing to accept the responsibility. A. they were interested in the task B. they enjoyed facing the challenge C. they were ready to shoulder the task D. they avoided taking on the demanding role 52. By practicing mindfulness, individuals can reduce stress and improve well-being. A. they will become careless B. they will lose focus easily C. they can improve their concentration D. they can enhance their overall health 53. Because of the inspiring speech, the employees were motivated to improve their performance. A. the employees were encouraged to enhance their output B. the employees were asked to raise their work standards C. the employees failed to give a good performance D. the employees tried to have a pay rise 54. Before a test, reviewing your notes is important. A. it’s vital to communicate effectively B. it’s important to go through your notes C. it’s crucial to understand the instructions D. it’s harmful to take the test with your notes 55. Though the exam was challenging, she performed well with a decent understanding of the subject. A. she struggled on account of financial hardships B. she succeeded owing to her innovative approach C. she did a good job because she knew the subject quite well D. she failed the test due to a weak understanding of the subject. 56. As a freelancer, Peter enjoyed the flexibility of his occupation, allowing him to create his own work schedule. A. his timetable was taken up B. his accomplishments were appreciated C. his work restricted his creativity to narrow limits D. his job gave him the freedom to make his own working plan 第二节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 57. What makes it striking is that it shows a thin f______ with an expression of fear. (根据首字母单词拼写) 58. When Li Lei saw a little girl fell into the lake, he didn’t h______ to jump into the lake and pulled her out of the lake. (根据首字母单词拼写) 59. It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can i______ thousands-millions-of people, and this is what is going to change the world. (根据首字母单词拼写) 60. It is said singing is of great b______ to human health. (根据首字母单词拼写) 61. The tiger crashed through a wooden fence and d______. We couldn’t see it at all. (根据首字母单词拼写) 62. His view was that art should shock the viewers and ______ (挑战) their sense of reality. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 63. The Empire of Light has produced different ______(反应)in viewers. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 64. As the final, joyous note ______(标志)the end of the symphony, the audience jumped to their feet, clapping, cheering and waving their hats. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 65. We should lay a firm f______(基础)for their further study. (根据中英文提示填空) 66. Thus people who wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their ______ (目的地) and leave them there. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 短语填空（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 67. When Tom sees Mary, he always ______________(提到那件事). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 68. Jack’s father has retired from the company. Now Jack _____________(要接受主管公司). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 69. At the meeting last night, everybody tried to think of a way to solve the problem. Suddenly Susan ___________ (想到一个好主意) and shared it with us. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 70. As a student, I must study very hard to _______________ (使我的梦想成真). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 71. This film ______________ (以……为根据) a real story in our life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第二节 应用文写作（15分） 72. 假定你是李华，一名来自中国学生，在论坛上看到美国高考（SAT）的消息，请给版主Tom写一封电子邮件，咨询相关信息。内容包括： 1. 举办的时间； 2. 考试内容和方式： 3. 对外国学生的要求和费用。 注意：1 词数100左右； 2. 开头结尾已为你写好；文章可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Tom, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$