名词性从句之宾语从句 课件-2024届高三英语一轮复习

宾语从句 Object clause the clause that acts as the object of a verb or preposition object In general when we look at an English sentence to see who is doing what to whom (grammatically speaking), we can say that the subject does something to the object: {subject} + does something to + {object} Jesse Owens + won + 4 gold medals. I + believe + your sister. The objects in these two examples above are two noun phrases‏‎: 4 gold medals and your sister. However, we can also use a complete clause as the object of a sentence (a clause contains a verb and a noun). Here is a simple clause: You are wrong. When we use this as an object in a sentence, it becomes an object clause: {subject} + {verb} + {object clause} I + believe + you are wrong. 在复合句中做动词或介词的宾语的句子称为宾语从句。比如， He knew（that） he should study hard. 他知道他应该努力学习。 Can you tell me which class you are in？ 您能告诉我，您在哪一班吗？ He asked me if he could come in. 他问我他是否能进来。 I know he is lying. We didn’t realize she was so ill. People say that Jesse Owens was one of the most important athletes of the 20th Century. 宾语从句三要素： 引导词，时态，语序 宾语从句的引导词： that, whether, if; what ,who, whom,whose; when, where, how, why; 1.从属连词that. 一般那情况下可以省略。 He told us that he felt ill. I know he has returned.  2.从属连词if/whether. 如： I doubt whether he will succeed. I don’t know if you can help me.  3.连接词 Who You know who these people are.  Police have not been able to find out who was responsible for the forgeries.  I went over to start up a conversation, asking her who she knew at the party. whom He asked whom I'd told about his having been away.  He likes to know whom you've met.  I have resigned, and they have a free hand to appoint whom they like in my place.  Whose I'm wondering whose mother she is then.  I can't remember whose idea it was for us to meet again.  I wondered whose the coat was.  That kind of person likes to spend money.It doesn't matter whose it is.  What You can imagine what it would be like driving a car into a brick wall at 30 miles an hour.  I want to know what happened to Norman.  Do you know what those idiots have done?  She turned scarlet from embarrassment, once she realized what she had done. Who or what he was，Martin never learned. I wonder what he’s writing to me about. which You must choose which flavor of ice cream you want. Whoever I will tell whoever will listen my frightening story. Whatever Josie is not interested in whatever Kyle says. whichever Where People began looking across to see where the noise was coming from.  He knew where Henry Carter had gone.  Ernest Brown lives about a dozen blocks from where the riots began.  It's not hard to see where she got her feelings about herself.  She had a feeling she already knew where this conversation was going to lead. when I asked him when he'd be back to pick me up.  I don't know when the decision was made.  It is important to check when the laboratory can do the tests.  We all asked when you assigned that. 　 how Two historical questions–you can answer them how you like.  It's your life, so live it how you want!  Tell me how he did it. It's amazing how people collect so much stuff over the years.  It's funny how I never seem to get a thing done on my day off.  It's important to become acutely aware of how your eating ties in with your stress level.  why I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.　 形容词后的宾语从句 be aware/certain/afraid/confident/anxious /doubtful that I am confident that I can get the job. 主 系 表 宾语从句 宾语从句的时态 宾语从句的时态变化规律： 主句为一般现在时， 从句可根据需要用任何时态。 主句为一般过去时或 过去的某种时态，例如：一般过去，过去进行，过去完成，过去将来等， 从句一般相应也用过去时。 如果主句的时态不是一般现在时，主从句的时态必须一致，否则容易逻辑混乱。主从句中，主句的时态决定了从句的时态。 I knew you would come to see the doctor. I knew you would do this work. I knew you had done this work. I knew you were doing this work. I knew you did this work. You can’t imagine how excited they were when they received these nice presents. 注意：当宾语从句说到自然现象或普遍真理时，不管主句时态如何，宾语从句一律用一般现在时。 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 宾语从句的语序 a.陈述句变为宾语从句时，语序不变。 陈述句：He is an honest man. 他是一个诚实的人。 宾语从句：I said he was an honest man. （连词that可省） 我说他是一个诚实的人。 陈述句：We'll Win. 我们会赢。 宾语从句：We believe we'll win. 我们相信我们会赢。 b.一般疑问句变为宾语从句时语序要变为陈述句语序，用whether，if连接。 一般疑问句：Does he study hard？ 他学习认真吗？ 宾语从句：I wonder if（whether）he studies hard. 我不知道他是否认真学习。 一般疑问句：Will they win？他们会赢吗？ 宾语从句：I asked if（whether） they would win. 我问他们是否会赢。 c.特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时语序要变为陈述句语序，用连接代词或副词（即保留原来的疑问词）。 特殊疑问句：Who is he？ 他是谁？ 宾语从句：Do you know who he is？ 你知道他是谁吗？ 特殊疑问句：What does he want？ 宾语从句：I don't know what he wants. 我不知道他要什么。 注意 Who went there？ （特殊疑问句） 谁去那里呢？ I wonder who went there. （宾语从句） 我不知道谁去那里。 因为是对主语提问，所以特殊疑问句语序不变。变为宾语从句时，语序依然不变。 特殊疑问句：When did he leave？ 他何时离开的？ 宾语从句：I know when he left. 我知道他是什么时候离开的。 特殊疑问句：Where will he arrive？ 他将会到哪里呢？ 宾语从句：He asked me where he would arrive. 他问我他将会到哪里。 疑问句中的宾语从句依然用陈述语序 Question clauses - In a noun clause, even if the main clause is a question, the dependent clause is written as a declarative. Where is your father? Do you know where your father is? Not: Do you know where is your father? When did you assign that? We all asked when you assigned that. Not: We all asked when did you assign that. (Unless the noun clause is in quotation marks.) Can you tell me what is the matter with you? Can you tell me what the problem is? 某些宾语从句的否定前移，及反意疑问句 在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect,be sure,be afraid等后面的宾语从句中，否定应转移到主句上去，完成反意疑问句（tag question)时，应与从句的人称和时态保持一致。（注: 否定前移的条件是，主句主语是第一人称）eg． I don't think you are right ,are you ? I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ? $$