第02讲 完形填空专题 -【暑假自学课】2024年暑假高二英语提升精品讲义（人教版2019）

第02讲 完形填空专题 ( 学习目标 ) 内容 要求 完形填空 1. 句内层次理解 2. 句际层次理解 3. 语篇层次理解 ( 知识讲解 ) 完形填空对考生在语篇中准确理解和灵活运用词汇的能力的考查尤为突出，主要涉及名词、(短语)动词、形容词和副词的词义理解、一词多义的积累、以及熟词生义的判断。 完形填空的解题过程中，除了需要具备扎实的语言知识之外，还需要一套过硬的解题方法和技巧，很明显，如果掌握了正确的解题思路，就会起到事半功倍的效果，从而大幅度提高正确率。 1. 读透首句，掌握主旨 重视首句，明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文的作者都会用一句话点明人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再逐渐深入介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结论，所以读透句首对学生了解全文至关重要，这就是我们理解文章内在联系的＂突破口＂。 2. 跳空速读全文，掌握中心 速读全文要求一气呵成，跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。重点了解记叙文的要素，如：时间、地点、人物和事件等，从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和结构主线。 3. 身临其境，故事重构 采取换位思考的方式，假设自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模拟故事的情景，体会人物的心情，推理故事的发展，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，才能选出符合语境的选项。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常识。 4. 关注末段，注意感想 最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选用合适的形容词、副词、动词或名词等。 5. 浏览全文，复查核定 根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点是： （1）语意是否前后一致； （2）上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整； （3）所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构； （4）文化背景和生活常识是否合理。 课堂典例 （2023秋·湖北·高二期中练习） One day Bella, a future psychiatrist (精神病医生), visited a clinic with her teacher. While the teacher was ___1___ his business, Bella was invited to wait for him in the art room. Walking in, Bella looked with ___2___ at everything around her. Suddenly a young man ___3___, talking loudly to himself. He threw a quick look at Bella and ___4___ the piano in the corner. Stopping at the window, he ___5___ to speak. Bella assumed he was a patient because she found clear signs of ___6___ in his voice and the waving of his arms. After a while the young man ___7___ the piano and started pressing the keys randomly. Bella thought the young man might break it. Bella found herself facing a ___8___ patient when one orderly (护工) appeared. The orderly asked if there was much work to do with the piano. The young man replied that he had already ___9___ it up. Then Bella noticed a headset sticking out of the man’s ear and she was terribly ____10____. He was a piano tuner. At this point, the young man ____11____ asked the orderly whether it was normal to leave a patient ____12____ at the clinic. “I’m a visitor, not a patient!” Bella protested. Bella was terribly ____13____. Not only was she a future doctor, unable to tell the ____14____ between a healthy person and a patient, but she herself was considered crazy! Hasty (草率的) conclusions too often turn out to be ____15____ and put one in a foolish position. Avoid them. 1．A．concerned about B．disappointed at C．ashamed of D．occupied with 2．A．regret B．gratitude C．interest D．anger 3．A．entered B．escaped C．joked D．whispered 4．A．took up B．cleaned up C．struggled for D．headed for 5．A．hesitated B．waited C．prepared D．continued 6．A．madness B．happiness C．sadness D．calmness 7．A．left B．opened C．played D．moved 8．A．violent B．quiet C．lovely D．positive 9．A．picked B．held C．set D．given 10．A．unsatisfied B．excited C．embarrassed D．impatient 11．A．frequently B．anxiously C．formally D．normally 12．A．unannounced B．unattended C．unnamed D．untouched 13．A．addicted B．amused C．absorbed D．annoyed 14．A．gaps B．arguments C．differences D．relationships 15．A．false B．obvious C．similar D．fruitless ( 巩固练习 ) 一、完形填空 （23-24高二上·安徽马鞍山·开学考试）On a Friday evening in December, I lost my job. That was 1 . I was excited about the weekend, when my daughter Kristil and I 2 to get our Christmas tree. Then I listened to my voicemail: “We are sorry, but we decided to 3 you.” I was a single mother and my income was survival. The next day, I struggled to be 4 as I eyed the Christmas tree prices. Over the next week, I applied for 5 like crazy as my bank account grew smaller. On a weekend afternoon, I dropped Kristil in a 6 community for a birthday party surrounded by all the nice things that we couldn’t 7 . I drove home feeling sad. Back at home, I looked out the window at the heavy snow and 8 a woman opening her car door against the strong wind. As she 9 , I realized it was my old teacher, Sister Esther. I rushed out and asked, “What are you doing out in this 10 ?” She said, “I looked for you at your 11 and it was said that you had left, so I thought I would 12 .” I made her tea and we talked. Before leaving, she handed me a Christmas card. Later on when I opened her card, I was 13 . There was a lot of money inside. Tears of gratitude filled my eyes as I 14 . Sister Esther had given me $1,000. In 2020, at age of 91, Sister Esther died, but the 15 she gave during her life lives on in my heart. 1．A．unexpected B．unfair C．unavoidable D．unnecessary 2．A．forgot B．refused C．managed D．planned 3．A．judge B．monitor C．fire D．charge 4．A．encouraged B．thoughtful C．surprised D．cheerful 5．A．puddings B．posts C．shares D．places 6．A．small B．safe C．wealthy D．unique 7．A．remember B．afford C．find D．appreciate 8．A．spotted B．felt C．imagined D．recognized 9．A．came in B．walked away C．settled down D．got out 10．A．business B．weather C．room D．situation 11．A．company B．school C．hotel D．house 12．A．call B．drive C．visit D．pay 13．A．shocked B．satisfied C．confused D．inspired 14．A．searched B．counted C．packed D．celebrated 15．A．guidance B．joy C．care D．advice 二、完形填空 （23-24高二上·福建厦门·开学考试）When my father and I traveled to Paris, Notre Dame was our first stop. But when we arrived at Notre Dame, we saw a long line outside it. Even so, we didn’t want to 16 . We decided to go to the back garden of Notre Dame where there were few tourists. Immersed in the beautiful natural scenery, we wanted to take some 17 photos. As we tried to find a photographer, a tall, slim Frenchman 18 toward us and showed us he was willing to take pictures for us. Trying to get the perfect shot, he kept changing the 19 of the camera. However, after a few 20 , he didn’t return our camera. His behavior confused us. But after a while, it became 21 . He asked for 10 euros as payment before he would return our camera. At that point, I was so angry that I 22 to argue with him. But my father stopped me and paid the money, with a (n) 23 expression on his face, the man walked away quickly to search for his next 24 . Later, my father 25 to me: There’s no such thing as a free lunch. So it’s 26 to ask for a payment after taking photos for us. But if someone offers to help you, never 27 the kindness just because of this particular event. Most acts of kindness are pure and without any 28 intention. 29 , we met a lot of warm-hearted locals who guided us and lent a hand when we needed them. So just remember, we can’t throw away the 30 because of its core. 16．A．set out B．miss out C．put aside D．come about 17．A．memorable B．adorable C．available D．remarkable 18．A．marched B．headed C．crashed D．wandered 19．A．angel B．eagle C．angle D．edge 20．A．signposts B．laps C．shots D．films 21．A．shallow B．visible C．ridiculous D．clear 22．A．attempted B．planned C．expected D．hesitated 23．A．awkward B．satisfied C．indifferent D．disgusting 24．A．purpose B．target C．agent D．clerk 25．A．complained B．claimed C．explained D．argued 26．A．forgivable B．necessary C．unusual D．convenient 27．A．ignore B．judge C．pause D．reject 28．A．negative B．harmless C．critical D．genuine 29．A．Apparently B．Luckily C．Gradually D．Eventually 30．A．banana B．object C．item D．apple 三、完形填空 （23-24高二上·山西吕梁·阶段练习）He man Bekele was not atypical high school student. 31 spending his free time playing videogames, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments. His goal was to create a 32 that could treat skin cancer, and make it affordable for everyone who 33 it. Growing up in Ethiopia, Africa, He man 34 saw people getting sunburned by the hot sun working outside. He didn’t 35 much of it when he was really little, but a she 36 he realized how serious skin cancer really was. Skin cancer does have cures and it is 37 in most cases. However, the average 38 of skin cancer treatment is almost $40, 000. When hearing the shocking 39 , He man planned to create a more 40 and accessible solution. He started doing experiments and working on different things, which turned into his bar of soap as a project. His 41 won him the prize in this year’s 3M Young Scientist’s Challenge, a competition that 42 kids to think of unique ways to solve everyday problems. He man was so surprised and 43 when he first heard the news of his award. “It’s 44 to see that my ideas can be 45 and seen by the science community,” he said. 31．A．Due to B．As for C．Rather than D．Regardless of 32．A．website B．product C．hospital D．school 33．A．invests B．promotes C．approves D．needs 34．A．constantly B．rarely C．objectively D．fortunately 35．A．lose B．think C．use D．report 36．A．walked in B．turned up C．grew up D．gave in 37．A．preventable B．complex C．deadly D．treatable 38．A．price B．speed C．wage D．life 39．A．news B．figure C．secret D．sound 40．A．temporary B．peaceful C．affordable D．possible 41．A．speech B．honesty C．plan D．work 42．A．reminds B．encourages C．warns D．orders 43．A．overjoyed B．embarrassed C．frightened D．annoyed 44．A．puzzling B．disappointing C．inspiring D．tiring 45．A．protected B．permitted C．guided D．recognized 四、完形填空 （23-24高二上·河南焦作·开学考试）28-year-old Jermaine Scott set up in business as a barber in Madison. He gradually noted the kids were 46 to tablets and cell phones when they came to the barbershop. It was 47 to cut their hair when they were focused on those. That led to the 48 of Scott’s “Barbershop Books Day” when kids could come and get a 49 haircut. What was required? They had to 50 a book while they got it. He created “Barbershop Books Day” to help not only the kids, but also the parents. Madison has many low-income families and many are focused on just keeping their 51 on. For people in this community, $15 for a haircut per kid is not easy to 52 so in some way a reduction in the price can 53 . Scott began his initiative (倡议) by 54 five library books and putting them near his chair. Book 55 began pouring in when a local news station 56 what he was doing. Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further by 57 his “Barbershop Books Day” to an “Ice Breaker Book Tour” where he 58 to get kids excited to learn while also giving them 59 role models through motivational (激发性的) speakers. Scott said, “If I step outside my comfort zone and tell them school is cool, 60 it will guide them in the right direction.” 46．A．adapted B．reduced C．limited D．glued 47．A．safe B．hard C．possible D．pleasant 48．A．advertisement B．support C．celebration D．birth 49．A．satisfying B．unique C．free D．discounted 50．A．introduce B．publish C．read D．choose 51．A．hands B．hair C．feet D．lights 52．A．ignore B．believe C．afford D．refuse 53．A．appear B．count C．exist D．progress 54．A．stealing B．buying C．making D．borrowing 55．A．contents B．titles C．orders D．donations 56．A．reported B．stopped C．recorded D．confirmed 57．A．adding B．applying C．comparing D．expanding 58．A．agrees B．intends C．deserves D．pretends 59．A．intelligent B．official C．positive D．successful 60．A．generally B．certainly C．accordingly D．hopefully 五、完形填空 （23-24高二上·广东惠州·开学考试）At an airport I overheard a father and daughter in their last moments together. The airline had announced her plane’s 61 and he said to his daughter, “I love you. I wish you enough.” She said, “Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your 62 is all I needed. I wish you enough, too, Daddy.” They kissed good-bye and she left. I could see he wanted and needed to cry. I tried not to 63 his privacy, but he welcomed me in by asking. “Did you ever say good-bye to someone knowing it would be 64 ?” “Yes.” I replied. Saying that brought back memories I had of expressing my love and 65 for all my Dad had done for me. Recognizing that his days were 66 , I kept telling him face to face how much he meant to me. 67 , I knew what this man was experiencing. “Why is this a forever good-bye?” I asked. “I am old and she lives too far away. And the 68 is, her next trip back will be for my funeral (葬礼).” he said. “When you were saying good-bye I heard you say, ‘I wish you enough’. What does that mean?” He began to smile. “That’s a wish that has been 69 from other generations. My parents used to say it to everyone.” He paused and looked up as if trying to remember it 70 . He smiled even more. “When we said ‘I wish you enough’, we wanted you to have a life filled with enough good things to 71 you,” he continued and shared the following as if he were reciting it from 72 . “I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest 73 in life appears much bigger. I wish you enough gain to satisfy your desire. I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you 74 .” He then began to 75 and walked away. 61．A．leaving B．arrival C．delay D．cancel 62．A．grocery B．wealth C．reward D．love 63．A．disturb B．evaluate C．shelter D．pursue 64．A．temporary B．separate C．blank D．forever 65．A．sympathy B．appreciation C．approval D．greatness 66．A．precise B．numerous C．limited D．wasted 67．A．Naturally B．Gradually C．Unexpectedly D．Hopefully 68．A．dream B．secret C．chance D．reality 69．A．carried out B．handed down C．worn down D．sorted out 70．A．in detail B．in action C．on purpose D．with regret 71．A．access B．host C．label D．support 72．A．history B．text C．memory D．childhood 73．A．sadness B．misfortune C．joy D．mistake 74．A．abandon B．possess C．wonder D．expect 75．A．smile B．weep C．freeze D．shout 六、完形填空 （23-24高二上·山东泰安·阶段练习）That year I was nineteen and studying chemistry at college. My family thought education was the 76 to success. I agreed. However, I felt dull in chemistry class. One day, my professor asked, “Why are you here when you have little 77 in chemistry?” I tried to explain by blaming pressure from my 78 . But apparently he knew it was just a(n) 79 excuse. He said, “Your success can only be measured by yourself, but not by your parents. There is no secret to success, no examination you have to 80 , but passion is very important. To be successful, you must follow your 81 . Whether you are passionate about fixing cars or exploring the world, you must be passionate about your goal and 82 a path to realize it. Then you will achieve success and find 83 .” At nineteen, the advice was hard for me to 84 , but I knew he was correct. His words 85 me I should consider “I think” rather than “my parents think”. I made a selfexamination and found my passion was 86 . I had a gift for playing the piano but I 87 it. There was only one way to 88 whether I could be a successful musician, so I took my professor’s advice and 89 to the university’s music school. I’m now fifty years old, and live 90 . When I watched the various awards I received on the walls in my office, a contented smile appeared on my face. 76．A．key B．pattern C．factor D．process 77．A．intelligence B．difficulty C．interest D．time 78．A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．companions 79．A．identical B．reasonable C．convincing D．weak 80．A．pass B．monitor C．evaluate D．arrange 81．A．optimism B．determination C．emotion D．passion 82．A．clean B．set C．repair D．cross 83．A．happiness B．problems C．regrets D．personality 84．A．adapt B．turn down C．absorb D．put forward 85．A．warned B．commanded C．advised D．reminded 86．A．music B．chemistry C．physics D．subject 87．A．emphasized B．ignored C．valued D．avoided 88．A．wonder B．discuss C．prove D．doubt 89．A．admitted B．switched C．headed D．returned 90．A．poorly B．cautiously C．bitterly D．happily ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第02讲 完形填空专题 ( 学习目标 ) 内容 要求 完形填空专题 1. 句内层次理解 2. 句际层次理解 3. 语篇层次理解 ( 知识讲解 ) 完形填空对考生在语篇中准确理解和灵活运用词汇的能力的考查尤为突出，主要涉及名词、(短语)动词、形容词和副词的词义理解、一词多义的积累、以及熟词生义的判断。 完形填空的解题过程中，除了需要具备扎实的语言知识之外，还需要一套过硬的解题方法和技巧，很明显，如果掌握了正确的解题思路，就会起到事半功倍的效果，从而大幅度提高正确率。 1. 读透首句，掌握主旨 重视首句，明确短文话题，了解篇章结构，预测全文内容。绝大多数记叙文的作者都会用一句话点明人物的姓名、身份或事件发生的时间、地点，然后再逐渐深入介绍事件的发生、发展，最后得出结论，所以读透句首对学生了解全文至关重要，这就是我们理解文章内在联系的＂突破口＂。 2. 跳空速读全文，掌握中心 速读全文要求一气呵成，跳过空格，快速阅读，领会大意，把握中心。重点了解记叙文的要素，如：时间、地点、人物和事件等，从整体上把握文章的叙述顺序和结构主线。 3. 身临其境，故事重构 采取换位思考的方式，假设自己就是故事的主人公，在此情此景下，模拟故事的情景，体会人物的心情，推理故事的发展，体验作者的心情以及观点和态度等，这样才能对故事或事件有一个贴切的把握，才能选出符合语境的选项。同时要注意文化背景知识和生活常识。 4. 关注末段，注意感想 最后一段通常是作者的有感而发、心理体验或经验教训等。要注意结合语境选用合适的形容词、副词、动词或名词等。 5. 浏览全文，复查核定 根据记叙文的线索，考生一定要进行回查，仔细推敲，校正全文，使故事恢复原貌。检查要点是： （1）语意是否前后一致； （2）上下文是否通顺连贯，内容是否完整； （3）所选词汇是否符合语法、句法结构； （4）文化背景和生活常识是否合理。 课堂典例 （2023秋·湖北·高二期中练习） One day Bella, a future psychiatrist (精神病医生), visited a clinic with her teacher. While the teacher was ___1___ his business, Bella was invited to wait for him in the art room. Walking in, Bella looked with ___2___ at everything around her. Suddenly a young man ___3___, talking loudly to himself. He threw a quick look at Bella and ___4___ the piano in the corner. Stopping at the window, he ___5___ to speak. Bella assumed he was a patient because she found clear signs of ___6___ in his voice and the waving of his arms. After a while the young man ___7___ the piano and started pressing the keys randomly. Bella thought the young man might break it. Bella found herself facing a ___8___ patient when one orderly (护工) appeared. The orderly asked if there was much work to do with the piano. The young man replied that he had already ___9___ it up. Then Bella noticed a headset sticking out of the man’s ear and she was terribly ____10____. He was a piano tuner. At this point, the young man ____11____ asked the orderly whether it was normal to leave a patient ____12____ at the clinic. “I’m a visitor, not a patient!” Bella protested. Bella was terribly ____13____. Not only was she a future doctor, unable to tell the ____14____ between a healthy person and a patient, but she herself was considered crazy! Hasty (草率的) conclusions too often turn out to be ____15____ and put one in a foolish position. Avoid them. 1．A．concerned about B．disappointed at C．ashamed of D．occupied with 2．A．regret B．gratitude C．interest D．anger 3．A．entered B．escaped C．joked D．whispered 4．A．took up B．cleaned up C．struggled for D．headed for 5．A．hesitated B．waited C．prepared D．continued 6．A．madness B．happiness C．sadness D．calmness 7．A．left B．opened C．played D．moved 8．A．violent B．quiet C．lovely D．positive 9．A．picked B．held C．set D．given 10．A．unsatisfied B．excited C．embarrassed D．impatient 11．A．frequently B．anxiously C．formally D．normally 12．A．unannounced B．unattended C．unnamed D．untouched 13．A．addicted B．amused C．absorbed D．annoyed 14．A．gaps B．arguments C．differences D．relationships 15．A．false B．obvious C．similar D．fruitless 【答案】 1．D    2．C    3．A    4．D    5．D    6．A    7．B    8．A    9．C    10．C    11．B    12．B    13．D    14．C    15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了将来会成为精神病医生的Bella在不了解情况的基础上妄下结论，结果闹了笑话。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当老师忙于他的工作时，Bella被邀请到美术室等他。A. concerned about对……感到担忧；B. disappointed at对……感到失望；C. ashamed of对……感到羞愧；D. occupied with被……所占据、忙于。根据下文“Bella was invited to wait for him in the art room.”可知，Bella在美术室等自己的老师，所以老师应该是在忙自己的事。故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：进来后，Bella饶有兴趣地看着周围的一切。A. regret遗憾、后悔；B. gratitude感激；C. interest兴趣；D. anger愤怒。根据空后的“everything around her”可知，Bella对周围的一切很感兴趣，才会在打量周围的一切。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，一个年轻人走了进来，大声自言自语。A. entered进入；B. escaped逃脱；C. joked开玩笑；D. whispered低声说。根据上文可知，Bella在美术室等自己的老师，所以对于Bella而言，是一位年轻人走进来。故选A。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他匆匆看了Bella一眼，然后朝角落里的钢琴走去。A. took up占据、从事；B. cleaned up清理；C. struggled for为……奋斗；D. headed for前往、朝往。根据下文的“After a while the young man ___7___ the piano and started pressing the keys randomly.”可知，年轻人在按琴键，所以他是向钢琴走去。故选D。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在窗前停了下来，继续说话。A. hesitated犹豫；B. waited等待；C. prepared准备；D. continued继续。根据上文“Suddenly a young man ___3___, talking loudly to himself.”可知，年轻人进来的时候是在大声自言自语，所以空处指的是继续讲话。故选D。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bella以为他是病人，因为她从他的声音和挥舞的手臂中发现了明显的疯狂迹象。A. madness疯狂；B. happiness幸福；C. sadness伤心；D. calmness冷静。根据上文的“One day Bella, a future psychiatrist (精神病医生), visited a clinic with her teacher.”以及“Bella assumed he was a patient”可知，Bella是一名未来的精神病医生，而她此刻认为这位年轻人在自言自语以及手舞足蹈，并判断这是一名病人。所以，在她眼中，这位年轻人的表现有点疯狂的迹象。故选A。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，年轻人打开钢琴，开始胡乱地按琴键。A. left离开；B. opened打开；C. played玩；D. moved移动、打动。根据下文的“started pressing the keys randomly”可知，空处指的是年轻人打开钢琴，然后才会乱按琴键。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Bella发现自己面对的是一个暴力病人，这时一个护工出现了。A. violent暴力的；B. quiet安静的；C. lovely可爱的；D. positive乐观的。根据上文“Bella assumed he was a patient because she found clear signs of ___6___ in his voice and the waving of his arms.”可知，Bella认为年轻人是个病人；再根据“Bella thought the young man might break it.”可知，Bella认为年轻人是个暴力型病人。故选A。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个年轻人回答说他已经调好音了。A. picked捡起；B. held举起、举行；C. set设定；D. given给。根据下文“He was a piano tuner.”可知，年轻人是个钢琴调音师；再根据上文“After a while the young man ___7___ the piano and started pressing the keys randomly.”可知，年轻人已经调好了音。短语“set up”，意为“设定好、调好了”。故选C。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bella注意到那个男人的耳朵里伸出了一个耳机，她非常尴尬。A. unsatisfied不满意的；B. excited兴奋的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. impatient不耐烦。根据下文“He was a piano tuner.”可知，这位年轻人是个调音师，而Bella一直以为他是个病人，所以此刻她觉得有点尴尬。故选C。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这时，年轻人焦虑地问护工，把病人留在诊所无人照顾是否正常。A. frequently频繁；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. formally正式地；D. normally正常地。根据下文“whether it was normal to leave a patient ___12___ at the clinic.”和Bella和话“I’m a visitor, not a patient!”可知，年轻人以为Bella是个病人，而Bella一个人待在美术室，所以年轻人觉得担忧、焦虑。故选B。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这时，年轻人焦虑地问护工，把病人留在诊所无人照顾是否正常。A. unannounced未通知的；B. unattended无人照顾的、无人出席的；C. unnamed未命名的；D. untouched为触动过的。根据下文“‘I’m a visitor, not a patient!’ Bella protested.”可知，年轻人误以为Bella是个病人，而Bella一个人待在美术室，所以年轻人以为没有人照顾Bella这个病人。故选B。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贝拉非常恼怒。Bella非常恼火。A. addicted沉迷的；B. amused可笑的；C. absorbed专心致志的；D. annoyed恼怒的、恼火的。根据下文“Not only was she a future doctor, unable to tell the ___14___ between a healthy person and a patient, but she herself was considered crazy!”可知，Bella不仅仅判断错误，而且还被误以为疯了，所以此刻她觉得很生气。故选D。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不仅仅因为她将来会成为精神病医生，却无法区分健康的人和病人，还因为她自己也被认为疯了！A. gaps缺口、差距；B. arguments争论；C. differences区别；D. relationships关系。根据上文可知，Bella以为年轻人是个病人，再根据空后的“between a healthy person and a patient”可知，Bella未能分辨出健康的人和病人之间的区别。故选C。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：草率的结论往往是错误的，并把人置于愚蠢的境况。A. false错误的、虚假的；B. obvious明显的；C. similar相似的；D. fruitless没有成果的、无益的。根据上文内容可知，Bella误以为年轻人是病人，而年轻人误以为Bella是疯子，这一切都是因为两个人不了解实际情况妄下结论，结果证明这样的结论都是错误的。故选A。 ( 巩固练习 ) 一、完形填空 （23-24高二上·安徽马鞍山·开学考试）On a Friday evening in December, I lost my job. That was 1 . I was excited about the weekend, when my daughter Kristil and I 2 to get our Christmas tree. Then I listened to my voicemail: “We are sorry, but we decided to 3 you.” I was a single mother and my income was survival. The next day, I struggled to be 4 as I eyed the Christmas tree prices. Over the next week, I applied for 5 like crazy as my bank account grew smaller. On a weekend afternoon, I dropped Kristil in a 6 community for a birthday party surrounded by all the nice things that we couldn’t 7 . I drove home feeling sad. Back at home, I looked out the window at the heavy snow and 8 a woman opening her car door against the strong wind. As she 9 , I realized it was my old teacher, Sister Esther. I rushed out and asked, “What are you doing out in this 10 ?” She said, “I looked for you at your 11 and it was said that you had left, so I thought I would 12 .” I made her tea and we talked. Before leaving, she handed me a Christmas card. Later on when I opened her card, I was 13 . There was a lot of money inside. Tears of gratitude filled my eyes as I 14 . Sister Esther had given me $1,000. In 2020, at age of 91, Sister Esther died, but the 15 she gave during her life lives on in my heart. 1．A．unexpected B．unfair C．unavoidable D．unnecessary 2．A．forgot B．refused C．managed D．planned 3．A．judge B．monitor C．fire D．charge 4．A．encouraged B．thoughtful C．surprised D．cheerful 5．A．puddings B．posts C．shares D．places 6．A．small B．safe C．wealthy D．unique 7．A．remember B．afford C．find D．appreciate 8．A．spotted B．felt C．imagined D．recognized 9．A．came in B．walked away C．settled down D．got out 10．A．business B．weather C．room D．situation 11．A．company B．school C．hotel D．house 12．A．call B．drive C．visit D．pay 13．A．shocked B．satisfied C．confused D．inspired 14．A．searched B．counted C．packed D．celebrated 15．A．guidance B．joy C．care D．advice 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在圣诞节前夕失业了，正在疯狂地找工作时，收到了以前的老师Esther修女带来的圣诞卡，里面有1000美元，作者感激Esther修女的关怀。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是出乎意料的。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. unfair不公平的；C. unavoidable无法避免的；D. unnecessary不必要的。根据下文“I was excited about the weekend, when my daughter Kristil and I ____2____ to get our Christmas tree.”可知，作者和女儿本来在高兴地为圣诞节做准备，因此丢失工作是出乎意料的。故选A。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和女儿Kristil计划周末去买圣诞树，这让我很兴奋。A. forgot忘记；B. refused拒绝；C. managed管理；D. planned计划。根据下文“The next day, I struggled to be ____4____ as I eyed the Christmas tree prices.”可知，此处表示计划周末去买圣诞树。故选D。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我听到了自己的语音信箱：“很抱歉，我们决定解雇你。”A. judge判断，评价；B. monitor监控，监视；C. fire解雇，点火；D. charge收费，充电。根据上文“On a Friday evening in December, I lost my job.”可知，作者被解雇了。故选C。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天，当我看着圣诞树的价格时，我努力让自己高兴起来。A. encouraged感到鼓舞的；B. thoughtful考虑周到的；C. surprised感到惊讶的；D. cheerful快乐的。根据上文“I was a single mother and my income was survival.”可知，作者的收入是维持生计的，因此失去了工作以后，看到圣诞树的价格，作者只能努力让自己高兴起来。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的一个星期里，我疯狂地申请职位，因为我的银行账户越来越小。A. puddings布丁蛋糕；B. posts帖子，职位；C. shares股份，份额；D. places地点。根据“as my bank account grew smaller”可知，钱越来越少了，作者疯狂地申请职位。故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个周末的下午，我把Kristil送到一个富裕的社区参加一个生日派对，周围都是我们买不起的好东西。A. small小的；B. safe安全的；C. wealthy富有的；D. unique独特的。根据“for a birthday party surrounded by all the nice things”可知，此处指把Kristil送到一个富裕的社区参加一个生日派对。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. remember记得；B. afford付得起；C. find找到，发现；D. appreciate欣赏，感激。根据“all the nice things”可知，生日派对上，周围都是作者和女儿买不起的好东西。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家，我看着窗外的大雪，看到一个女人在打开车门抵挡强风。A. spotted看见，注意到；B. felt感觉；C. imagined想象；D. recognized识别。根据“Back at home, I looked out the window at the heavy snow”可知，作者看到一个女人在打开车门抵挡强风。故选A。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她下车的时候，我意识到那是我以前的老师Esther修女。A. came in进入；B. walked away走开，转身离开；C. settled down定居；D. got out离开，下车。根据“a woman opening her car door against the strong wind”可知，那个人下车了。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我冲出去问：“这种天气你在外面干什么？”A. business生意；B. weather天气；C. room房间；D. situation情况。根据上文“Back at home, I looked out the window at the heavy snow and ____8____ a woman opening her car door against the strong wind.”可知，此处指天气恶劣。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我到你们公司找过你，听说你已经走了，所以我就想来看看。”A. company公司；B. school学校；C. hotel宾馆；D. house房子。根据“it was said that you had left”可知，老师去公司找过作者。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. call呼唤，打电话；B. drive驾驶；C. visit拜访，探望；D. pay支付。根据“I looked for you at your ____11____ and it was said that you had left”可知，知道作者失业了，老师决定来看望作者。故选C。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：后来，当我打开她的卡片时，我惊呆了。A. shocked感到震惊的；B. satisfied感到满意的；C. confused感到困惑的；D. inspired受鼓舞的。根据“There was a lot of money inside.”可知，看到卡片里有很多钱时，作者感到震惊。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我数数的时候，感激的泪水充满了我的眼睛。A. searched搜索；B. counted重要，数数；C. packed打包；D. celebrated庆祝。根据“Sister Esther had given me $1,000.”可知，作者数了一下有多少钱。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2020年，91岁的Esther修女去世了，但她一生所给予的关怀却一直活在我心中。A. guidance指导；B. joy快乐；C. care照顾，关怀；D. advice建议。根据“Sister Esther had given me $1,000.”可知，作者忘不了老师的关怀。故选C。 二、完形填空 （23-24高二上·福建厦门·开学考试）When my father and I traveled to Paris, Notre Dame was our first stop. But when we arrived at Notre Dame, we saw a long line outside it. Even so, we didn’t want to 16 . We decided to go to the back garden of Notre Dame where there were few tourists. Immersed in the beautiful natural scenery, we wanted to take some 17 photos. As we tried to find a photographer, a tall, slim Frenchman 18 toward us and showed us he was willing to take pictures for us. Trying to get the perfect shot, he kept changing the 19 of the camera. However, after a few 20 , he didn’t return our camera. His behavior confused us. But after a while, it became 21 . He asked for 10 euros as payment before he would return our camera. At that point, I was so angry that I 22 to argue with him. But my father stopped me and paid the money, with a (n) 23 expression on his face, the man walked away quickly to search for his next 24 . Later, my father 25 to me: There’s no such thing as a free lunch. So it’s 26 to ask for a payment after taking photos for us. But if someone offers to help you, never 27 the kindness just because of this particular event. Most acts of kindness are pure and without any 28 intention. 29 , we met a lot of warm-hearted locals who guided us and lent a hand when we needed them. So just remember, we can’t throw away the 30 because of its core. 16．A．set out B．miss out C．put aside D．come about 17．A．memorable B．adorable C．available D．remarkable 18．A．marched B．headed C．crashed D．wandered 19．A．angel B．eagle C．angle D．edge 20．A．signposts B．laps C．shots D．films 21．A．shallow B．visible C．ridiculous D．clear 22．A．attempted B．planned C．expected D．hesitated 23．A．awkward B．satisfied C．indifferent D．disgusting 24．A．purpose B．target C．agent D．clerk 25．A．complained B．claimed C．explained D．argued 26．A．forgivable B．necessary C．unusual D．convenient 27．A．ignore B．judge C．pause D．reject 28．A．negative B．harmless C．critical D．genuine 29．A．Apparently B．Luckily C．Gradually D．Eventually 30．A．banana B．object C．item D．apple 【答案】 16．B 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．C 21．D 22．A 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了和父亲去巴黎度假，遇“好心人”帮忙照相却要收费的经历，告诉我们世上还是好人多，不可因噎废食，而不再相信他人的善意。 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：即便如此，我们也不想错过。A. set out开始，出发；B. miss out错过；C. put aside放在一边；D. come about发生。根据下文“We decided to go to the back garden of Notre Dame where there were few tourists.”可知，作者和家人来到巴黎之行的第一站（巴黎圣母院）虽然人多，但还是决定到人少的后花园进行游览，所以作者和家人是不想错过这个景点的。故选B。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：沉浸在美丽的自然景色中，我们想拍一些令人难忘的照片。A. memorable值得纪念的；B. adorable可爱的；C. available可以得到的；D. remarkable明显的。根据前半句中“the beautiful natural scenery”以及下文“showed us he was willing to take pictures for us”可知，作者和家人到了自己想游览的景点，发现风景优美，就想拍照留念。故选A。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们试图找摄影师时，一个又高又瘦的法国人向我们走来，告诉我们他愿意为我们拍照。A. marched前进；B. headed朝（某方向）行进；C. crashed碰撞；D. wandered漫游。根据空格后的半句中“and showed us he was willing to take pictures for us.”可知，这个法国男人是向我们走过来之后才向我们表明意愿的。故选B。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了拍出完美的照片，他不停地变换相机的角度。A. angel天使；B. eagle鹰；C. angle角度；D. edge边缘。根据前半句“Trying to get the perfect shot”可知，法国男人不停地调整拍摄的角度。故选C。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，拍了几张照片之后，他没有还我们相机。A. signposts路标；B. laps大腿，一圈；C. shots照相；D. films电影。根据前文“Trying to get the perfect shot”可知，空格处含义为“照片”。故选C。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但过了一段时间，事情变得清晰起来。A. shallow肤浅的；B. visible看得见的；C. ridiculous荒谬的；D. clear清楚的，明白的。根据上文“he didn’t return our camera. His behavior confused us.”和下文“He asked for 10 euros as payment before he would return our camera.”可知，法国男人不归还相机，作者和家人起初困惑，后来知道他要钱，他们才明白了情况。故选D。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这一点上，我很生气，我试图和他争论。A. attempted尝试；B. planned计划；C. expected期待；D. hesitated犹豫。根据上文“He asked for 10 euros as payment before he would return our camera.”可知，作者很生气，想和他吵一架。故选A。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我父亲拦住了我，付了钱，脸上带着满意的表情，那个人很快离开了，去寻找他的下一个目标。A. awkward令人尴尬的；B. satisfied感到满意的；C. indifferent漠不关心的；D. disgusting令人恶心的。根据上文“But my father stopped me and paid the money.”可知，这位法国男人要钱的要求得到了满足，所以很满意。故选B。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. purpose目的；B. target目标；C. agent代理人；D. clerk职员。根据空格前“... the man walked away quickly to search for his next”可知，这个法国男人要去寻找下一个拍照的目标了。故选B。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，父亲向我解释说：天下没有免费的午餐。A. complained抱怨；B. claimed声称；C. explained解释；D. argued争论。根据空格后后的内容“There’s no such thing as a free lunch.”（天下没有免费午餐）这句谚语可知，父亲是在对我解释不要生气的原因。故选C。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以给我们拍完照要钱是可以原谅的。A. forgivable可原谅的；B. necessary有必要的；C. unusual不同寻常的；D. convenient方便的。根据上文“At that point, I was so angry that I ___7___ to argue with him. But my father stopped me and paid the money.”和“There’s no such thing as a free lunch.”可知，父亲认为别人帮我们拍照而收钱是值得原谅的行为。故选A。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果有人提出要帮助你，永远不要因为这件事而拒绝他的好意。A. ignore忽视；B. judge判断；C. pause暂停；D. reject拒绝。根据下文“Most acts of kindness are pure”可知，父亲希望作者以后不要因为这件糟心事而拒绝他人的帮忙。故选D。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数的善举都是纯粹的，没有任何负面的意图。A. negative消极的；B. harmless无害的；C. critical批评的；D. genuine真正的。根据前半句“Most acts of kindness are pure and…”可知，多数的善意都是没有负面意图的。故选A。 29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我们遇到了很多热心的当地人，他们引导我们，在我们需要的时候伸出援助之手。A. Apparently明显地；B. Luckily幸运地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Eventually最终。根据空格后“we met a lot of warm-hearted locals who guided us and lent a hand when we needed them.”可知，我们在需要帮助时能够遇到许多人帮助我们对我们而言是幸运的事情。故选B。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以请记住，我们不能因为苹果的核就把它扔掉。A. banana香蕉；B. object物体；C. item物品；D. apple苹果。根据后半句“because of its core.”可知，在四个选项中只有“apple苹果”有核，谚语we can’t throw away the apple because of its core (我们不能因噎废食)。故选D。 三、完形填空 （23-24高二上·山西吕梁·阶段练习）He man Bekele was not atypical high school student. 31 spending his free time playing videogames, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments. His goal was to create a 32 that could treat skin cancer, and make it affordable for everyone who 33 it. Growing up in Ethiopia, Africa, He man 34 saw people getting sunburned by the hot sun working outside. He didn’t 35 much of it when he was really little, but a she 36 he realized how serious skin cancer really was. Skin cancer does have cures and it is 37 in most cases. However, the average 38 of skin cancer treatment is almost $40, 000. When hearing the shocking 39 , He man planned to create a more 40 and accessible solution. He started doing experiments and working on different things, which turned into his bar of soap as a project. His 41 won him the prize in this year’s 3M Young Scientist’s Challenge, a competition that 42 kids to think of unique ways to solve everyday problems. He man was so surprised and 43 when he first heard the news of his award. “It’s 44 to see that my ideas can be 45 and seen by the science community,” he said. 31．A．Due to B．As for C．Rather than D．Regardless of 32．A．website B．product C．hospital D．school 33．A．invests B．promotes C．approves D．needs 34．A．constantly B．rarely C．objectively D．fortunately 35．A．lose B．think C．use D．report 36．A．walked in B．turned up C．grew up D．gave in 37．A．preventable B．complex C．deadly D．treatable 38．A．price B．speed C．wage D．life 39．A．news B．figure C．secret D．sound 40．A．temporary B．peaceful C．affordable D．possible 41．A．speech B．honesty C．plan D．work 42．A．reminds B．encourages C．warns D．orders 43．A．overjoyed B．embarrassed C．frightened D．annoyed 44．A．puzzling B．disappointing C．inspiring D．tiring 45．A．protected B．permitted C．guided D．recognized 【答案】 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．B 36．C 37．D 38．A 39．B 40．C 41．D 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述14岁的高中生Heman Bekele研发出更加实惠的治疗皮肤癌的产品，赢得了3M青年科学家挑战赛的故事。 31．考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个14岁的孩子没有把空闲时间花在玩电子游戏上，而是在做实验。A. Due to由于；B. As for至于；C. Rather than而不是；D. Regardless of不管，不顾。根据上一句“Heman Bekele was not a typical high school student.( 赫曼·贝克勒不是一个典型的高中生。)”以及下文“spending his free time playing video games, this 14-year-old was conducting experiments(在业余时间玩电子游戏，这个14岁的孩子在进行实验)”可知，Heman Bekele不像其他的高中生一样玩电子游戏，而是花时间做实验，故选择C项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。A. website网站；B. product产品；C. hospital医院；D. school学校。根据空后“that could treat skin cancer(可以治疗皮肤癌症)”可知，他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，故选择B项。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。 A. invests投资；B. promotes推广；C. approves批准；D. needs需要。根据前文“make it affordable for everyone(让每个人都能负担得起)”可知，此处指使每个需要购买产品的人支付得起，故选择D项。 34．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Heman在非洲的埃塞俄比亚长大，经常看到人们在外面工作时被烈日晒伤。A. constantly不断地，经常；B. rarely罕见地；C. objectively客观地；D. fortunately幸运地。结合上文“His goal was to create a 2 that could treat skin cancer(他的目标是创造一个可以治疗皮肤癌症的产品)”、“Growing up in Ethiopia, Africa(在非洲埃塞俄比亚长大)”和下文“saw people getting sunburned by the hot sun working outside(看到人们在外面工作时被烈日灼伤)”提到Heman想要研制出便宜的治疗皮肤癌的产品，以及炎热的非洲可知，他应是经常看到人们被烈日晒伤，故选择A项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到人们在外面工作时被烈日灼伤 A. lose失去；B. think想，思考；C. use使用；D. report报告。根据下文的转折词“But”以及“he realized how serious skin cancer really was(意识到癌症的严重程度)”可知，他后来才意识到皮肤癌很严重，故此处指他小时候认为这没什么大不了的，not think much of sth “认为某物不怎么样”，故选择B项。 36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但随着他长大，他意识到皮肤癌有多严重。A. walked in走进来；B. turned up出现；C. grew up长大；D. gave in放弃。此处和上文“when he was really little(当他还很小的时候)”形成对比，指他长大后才意识到皮肤癌很严重，故选择C项。 37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：皮肤癌是可以治愈的，而且在大多数情况下是可以治疗的。A. preventable可预防的；B. complex复杂的；C. deadly致命的；D. treatable可治愈的。根据“Skin cancer does have cures(皮肤癌症确实有治愈方法)”可知，皮肤癌在大多数情况下时可以治疗的，故选择D项。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，皮肤癌治疗的平均价格几乎是4万美元。A. price价格；B. speed速度； C. wage工资； D. life生活。根据“＄40,000”可知，此处指治疗的价格是4万美元，故选择A项。 39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当听到这个令人震惊的数字时，Heman计划创造一个更实惠、更容易获得的解决方案。A. news消息；B. figure数字；C. secret秘密；D. sound声音。此处是指上文的“＄40,000”这个数字，故选择B项。 40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当听到这个令人震惊的数字时，Heman计划创造一个更实惠、更容易获得的解决方案。A. temporary暂时的；B. peaceful和平的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. possible可能的。根据第一段中“and make it affordable for everyone who ___3___ it(他的目标是创造一种可以治疗皮肤癌的产品，并使每个需要它的人都能负担得起。)”可知，Heman计划创造一个更实惠的解决方案，故选择C项。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的工作为他赢得了今年3M青年科学家挑战赛的奖项，这项比赛鼓励孩子们想出独特的方法来解决日常问题。A. speech演讲；B. honesty诚实；C. plan计划； D. work工作。根据上一段中“He started doing experiments and working on different things.( 他开始做实验，研究不同的东西)”可知，此处指他所做的工作为他赢得了奖项，故选择D项。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的工作为他赢得了今年3M青年科学家挑战赛的奖项，这项比赛鼓励孩子们想出独特的方法来解决日常问题。A. reminds提醒B. encourages鼓励；C. warns警告；D. orders要求。主语that指代“a competition”，比赛应是鼓励人们想办法解决问题，故选择B项。 43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Heman第一次听到获奖的消息时，他感到非常惊讶和高兴。A. overjoyed狂喜；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. frightened害怕的；D. annoyed生气的。根据“when he first heard the news of his award(“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。)”可知，得知获奖应是感到高兴，故选择A项。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。A. puzzling令人困惑的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. inspiring令人鼓舞的；D. tiring令人疲惫的。根据“to see that my ideas can be ___15___ and seen by the science community(“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。)”可知，自己的想法被科学家认可，这是鼓舞人心的事情，故选择C项。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“看到我的想法被科学界认可和看到，这很鼓舞人心，”他说。A. protected保护；B. permitted允许；C. guided指导；D. recognized认可。上文提到Heman获奖，故此处指想法被认可，故选择D项。 四、完形填空 （23-24高二上·河南焦作·开学考试）28-year-old Jermaine Scott set up in business as a barber in Madison. He gradually noted the kids were 46 to tablets and cell phones when they came to the barbershop. It was 47 to cut their hair when they were focused on those. That led to the 48 of Scott’s “Barbershop Books Day” when kids could come and get a 49 haircut. What was required? They had to 50 a book while they got it. He created “Barbershop Books Day” to help not only the kids, but also the parents. Madison has many low-income families and many are focused on just keeping their 51 on. For people in this community, $15 for a haircut per kid is not easy to 52 so in some way a reduction in the price can 53 . Scott began his initiative (倡议) by 54 five library books and putting them near his chair. Book 55 began pouring in when a local news station 56 what he was doing. Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further by 57 his “Barbershop Books Day” to an “Ice Breaker Book Tour” where he 58 to get kids excited to learn while also giving them 59 role models through motivational (激发性的) speakers. Scott said, “If I step outside my comfort zone and tell them school is cool, 60 it will guide them in the right direction.” 46．A．adapted B．reduced C．limited D．glued 47．A．safe B．hard C．possible D．pleasant 48．A．advertisement B．support C．celebration D．birth 49．A．satisfying B．unique C．free D．discounted 50．A．introduce B．publish C．read D．choose 51．A．hands B．hair C．feet D．lights 52．A．ignore B．believe C．afford D．refuse 53．A．appear B．count C．exist D．progress 54．A．stealing B．buying C．making D．borrowing 55．A．contents B．titles C．orders D．donations 56．A．reported B．stopped C．recorded D．confirmed 57．A．adding B．applying C．comparing D．expanding 58．A．agrees B．intends C．deserves D．pretends 59．A．intelligent B．official C．positive D．successful 60．A．generally B．certainly C．accordingly D．hopefully 【答案】 46．D 47．B 48．D 49．D 50．C 51．D 52．C 53．B 54．D 55．D 56．A 57．D 58．B 59．C 60．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了28岁的Jermaine Scott在麦迪逊开了一家理发店后，注意到孩子们总是专注于手机和平板电脑，导致剪发困难。为解决这一问题，他创立了“理发店读书日”，孩子们在拿到书的时候进行阅读，便可享受打折的理发服务。这项举措不仅帮助孩子，也减轻了一些家庭的经济压力。通过媒体报道，社区纷纷捐赠书籍支持他的行动。Scott还计划把项目扩大到“破冰读书之旅”，鼓励孩子们积极学习，走向正确的方向。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他逐渐注意到，当孩子们来到理发店时，他们总是盯着平板电脑和手机看。A. adapted适应；B. reduced减少；C. limited限制；D. glued粘合。根据下文“when they were focused on those”可知，孩子们都专注于平板电脑和手机，因此是盯着平板电脑和手机看，be glued to意为“全神贯注地看着，盯着……看”。故选D。 47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们专注于这些的时候，很难剪掉他们的头发。A. safe安全的；B. hard困难的；C. possible可能的；D. pleasant愉快的。根据下文“when they were focused on those”可知，，孩子们都专注于平板电脑和手机，因此理发师很难剪掉他们的头发。故选B。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这导致了Scott的“理发店图书日”的诞生，孩子们可以来这里打折理发。A. advertisement广告；B. support支持；C. celebration庆祝；D. birth诞生。根据下文“He created “Barbershop Books Day” to help not only the kids, but also the parents.”可知，Scott创立了“理发店图书日”，因此此处指这个活动日的诞生。故选D。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这导致了Scott的“理发店图书日”的诞生，孩子们可以来这里打折理发。A. satisfying令人满足的；B. unique独特的；C. free自由的；D. discounted打折的。根据下文“a reduction in the price”可知，孩子们可以享受到打折的理发服务。故选D。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们必须在拿到书的时候进行阅读。A. introduce介绍；B. publish出版；C. read阅读；D. choose选择。根据下文“Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further by ____12____ his “Barbershop Books Day” to an “Ice Breaker Book Tour” where he ___13___ to get kids excited to learn”可知，Scott想让孩子们爱上读书，因此读书的孩子才能享受到打折的理发服务。故选C。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：麦迪逊有很多低收入家庭，很多人都只关心维持家庭运转。A. hands手；B. hair头发；C. feet脚；D. lights灯光。根据上文“Madison has many low-income families”可知，这些家庭收入低，因此他们会都只关心维持家庭运转，keep one’s lights on本意为“让灯亮着”，此处引申为“满足最低基本生活需求”。keep one’s hands on“紧紧按住”；keep one’s hair on“保持冷静”；keep one’s shirt on“保持冷静，不要激动”。故选D。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于这个社区的人来说，每个孩子理发15美元并不容易负担得起，所以在某种程度上，降价很重要。A. ignore忽视；B. believe相信；C. afford负担得起；D. refuse拒绝。根据上文“Madison has many low-income families”可知，很多家庭收入低，因此付15美元给孩子理发是很困难的，即他们很难负担得起。故选C。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于这个社区的人来说，每个孩子理发15美元并不容易负担得起，所以在某种程度上，降价很重要。A. appear出现；B. count重要；C. exist存在；D. progress进展。根据上文“Madison has many low-income families”可知，很多家庭收入低，因此这种理发折扣在一定程度上（对他们）很重要。故选B。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott首先从图书馆借了五本书，并把它们放在椅子旁边。A. stealing偷窃；B. buying购买；C. making制造；D. borrowing借用。根据下文“five library books”可推知，Scott从图书馆借出五本书。故选D。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地一家新闻电台报道了他的事迹后，捐赠书籍的人开始蜂拥而至。A. contents内容；B. titles标题；C. orders订单；D. donations捐赠。根据上文叙述的Scott自己创立“理发店图书日”，用五本图书馆的书敦促孩子们在理发的时候进行阅读，享受打折的理发服务，以及下文“began pouring in when a local news station ___11___ what he was doing”可推知，新闻电台宣传了他所做的好事后，很多人开始捐赠书籍，帮助这个项目更好地开展。故选D。 56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地一家新闻电台报道了他的事迹后，捐赠书籍的人开始蜂拥而至。A. reported报道；B. stopped停止；C. recorded记录；D. confirmed确认。根据上文“a local news station”和下文“what he was doing”可推知，当地一家新闻电台应该会报道Scott所做的好事。故选A。 57．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott计划更进一步，将他的“理发店读书日”扩大到“破冰读书之旅”，他打算让孩子们兴奋地学习，同时通过励志演讲者给他们树立积极的榜样。A. adding添加；B. applying应用；C. comparing比较；D. expanding扩大。根据上文“Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further”可知，Scott计划更进一步，因此是把目前的“理发店读书日”扩大到影响更深远的“破冰读书之旅”。故选D。 58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott计划更进一步，将他的“理发店读书日”扩大到“破冰读书之旅”，他打算让孩子们兴奋地学习，同时通过励志演讲者给他们树立积极的榜样。A. agrees同意；B. intends打算；C. deserves值得；D. pretends假装。根据上文“Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further”可知，Scott计划更进一步，此处是描述他的“破冰读书之旅”项目的规划，应该是打算让孩子们兴奋地学习。故选B。 59．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Scott计划更进一步，将他的“理发店读书日”扩大到“破冰读书之旅”，他打算让孩子们兴奋地学习，同时通过励志演讲者给他们树立积极的榜样。A. intelligent聪明的；B. official正式的；C. positive积极的；D. successful成功的。根据下文“through motivational (激发性的) speakers”可推知，励志演讲者能够为孩子们树立积极的榜样。故选C。 60．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Scott说：“如果我走出我的舒适区，告诉他们学校很酷，希望这能引导他们走向正确的方向。”A. generally一般地；B. certainly当然；C. accordingly相应地；D. hopefully有希望地。根据下文“it will guide them in the right direction”可知，这是Scott的美好希望，希望通过自己的这些行动引导孩子们走向正确的方向。故选D。 五、完形填空 （23-24高二上·广东惠州·开学考试）At an airport I overheard a father and daughter in their last moments together. The airline had announced her plane’s 61 and he said to his daughter, “I love you. I wish you enough.” She said, “Daddy, our life together has been more than enough. Your 62 is all I needed. I wish you enough, too, Daddy.” They kissed good-bye and she left. I could see he wanted and needed to cry. I tried not to 63 his privacy, but he welcomed me in by asking. “Did you ever say good-bye to someone knowing it would be 64 ?” “Yes.” I replied. Saying that brought back memories I had of expressing my love and 65 for all my Dad had done for me. Recognizing that his days were 66 , I kept telling him face to face how much he meant to me. 67 , I knew what this man was experiencing. “Why is this a forever good-bye?” I asked. “I am old and she lives too far away. And the 68 is, her next trip back will be for my funeral (葬礼).” he said. “When you were saying good-bye I heard you say, ‘I wish you enough’. What does that mean?” He began to smile. “That’s a wish that has been 69 from other generations. My parents used to say it to everyone.” He paused and looked up as if trying to remember it 70 . He smiled even more. “When we said ‘I wish you enough’, we wanted you to have a life filled with enough good things to 71 you,” he continued and shared the following as if he were reciting it from 72 . “I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright. I wish you enough pain so that the smallest 73 in life appears much bigger. I wish you enough gain to satisfy your desire. I wish you enough loss to appreciate all that you 74 .” He then began to 75 and walked away. 61．A．leaving B．arrival C．delay D．cancel 62．A．grocery B．wealth C．reward D．love 63．A．disturb B．evaluate C．shelter D．pursue 64．A．temporary B．separate C．blank D．forever 65．A．sympathy B．appreciation C．approval D．greatness 66．A．precise B．numerous C．limited D．wasted 67．A．Naturally B．Gradually C．Unexpectedly D．Hopefully 68．A．dream B．secret C．chance D．reality 69．A．carried out B．handed down C．worn down D．sorted out 70．A．in detail B．in action C．on purpose D．with regret 71．A．access B．host C．label D．support 72．A．history B．text C．memory D．childhood 73．A．sadness B．misfortune C．joy D．mistake 74．A．abandon B．possess C．wonder D．expect 75．A．smile B．weep C．freeze D．shout 【答案】 61．A 62．D 63．A 64．D 65．B 66．C 67．A 68．D 69．B 70．A 71．D 72．C 73．C 74．B 75．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在机场看到一对父女离别时的场景，后来作者与这位父亲聊天，他的话令作者感触颇深。 61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：航空公司宣布她的飞机要起飞了，他对女儿说:“我爱你”。A. leaving离开；B. arrival到达；C. delay延迟；D. cancel取消。根据上文“At an airport I overheard a father and daughter in their last moments together.”可知，此处表示老人在送女儿离开，所以航空公司宣布她的航班起飞。故选A。 62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的爱就是我所需要的。A. grocery杂货店；B. wealth财富；C. reward奖励；D. love爱。根据上文“he said to his daughter, “I love you.””可知，面对父亲表达的爱，女儿做出同样的反馈。故选D。 63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尽量不打扰他的隐私，但他还是主动邀请我交谈。A. disturb打扰；B. evaluate评价；C. shelter庇护；D. pursue追求。根据上文“I could see he wanted and needed to cry.”和“but he welcomed me in by asking.”可知，看到面对离别，这位父亲想哭，作者尽量不想打扰他的隐私。故选A。 64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你有没有跟一个人说再见，知道这将是永远?”A. temporary临时的；B. separate分开的；C. blank空白的；D. forever永久的。根据下文““Why is this a forever good-bye?” I asked.”可知，这位父亲在询问作者是否有过和一个人永久告别的经历。故选D。 65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这句话勾起了我对父亲为我所做的一切表达爱和感激的回忆。A. sympathy同情；B. appreciation感激；C. approval赞同；D. greatness伟大。根据“expressing my love”可知，作者在回忆之前对父亲所做的一切表达爱和感激。故选B。 66．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到他的日子不多了，我不断地当面告诉他，他对我是多么重要。A. precise精确的；B. numerous许多的；C. limited有限的；D. wasted浪费的。根据“I kept telling him face to face how much he meant to me.”可知，此处表示作者意识到父亲当时的日子不多了。故选C。 67．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自然知道这个人正在经历什么。A. Naturally自然地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Unexpectedly出乎意料地；D. Hopefully有希望地。根据上文“Recognizing that his days were 　　6　　, I kept telling him face to face how much he meant to me.”可知，作者有过类似的经历，自然而然地知道这个老人正在经历的事情。故选A。 68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现实是，她下次回来就是参加我的葬礼。A. dream梦想；B. secret秘密；C. chance机会；D. reality现实，事实。根据上文“I am old and she lives too far away.”可知，这位父亲说自己老了，女儿离的远，事实是下次回来就是参加自己的葬礼。故选D。 69．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是祖祖辈辈传下来的愿望。A. carried out执行，实施；B. handed down传下来；C. worn down磨损；D. sorted out分类。根据下文“My parents used to say it to everyone.”可知，这个愿望是祖祖辈辈传下来的愿望。故选B。 70．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他停顿了一下，抬起头来，好像在努力回忆细节。A. in detail详细地；B. in action在行动；C. on purpose故意地；D. with regret带有遗憾。根据下文“I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright.”可知，这位父亲抬起头，好像在详细地回忆这个祝愿的内容。故选A。 71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当我们说‘I wish you enough’时，我们希望你的生活充满足够的美好事物来支持你，”他继续说道，并分享了下面这段话，仿佛是在背诵。A. access进入；B. host主持；C. label贴标签；D. support支持。根据上文“When we said ‘I wish you enough’, we wanted you to have a life filled with enough good things”可知，此处表示希望你的生活充满足够的美好的事物来支持你。故选D。 72．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. history历史；B. text文章；C. memory记忆；D. childhood童年。根据上文“he continued and shared the following”可知，这位父亲分享了以下的内容，就像他从记忆中背诵出来的一样。故选C。 73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望你有足够的痛苦，让生活中最小的快乐也变得更大。A. sadness悲伤；B. misfortune不幸；C. joy快乐；D. mistake错误。根据上文“I wish you enough sun to keep your attitude bright.”可知，这位父亲希望女儿有足够的阳光，让自己的态度保持光明，因此希望足够的痛苦能让生命中最小的快乐变得更大。故选C。 74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望你有足够的损失，以至于你会珍惜你所拥有的一切。A. abandon放弃；B. possess拥有；C. wonder想知道；D. expect期望。根据“I wish you enough loss to appreciate”可知，失去之后才会感激现在所拥有的。故选B。 75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他开始哭泣，走开了。A. smile微笑；B. weep哭泣；C. freeze冻结；D. shout喊叫。根据上文“I could see he wanted and needed to cry.”可知，这位父亲哭泣走开了。故选B。 六、完形填空 （23-24高二上·山东泰安·阶段练习）That year I was nineteen and studying chemistry at college. My family thought education was the 76 to success. I agreed. However, I felt dull in chemistry class. One day, my professor asked, “Why are you here when you have little 77 in chemistry?” I tried to explain by blaming pressure from my 78 . But apparently he knew it was just a(n) 79 excuse. He said, “Your success can only be measured by yourself, but not by your parents. There is no secret to success, no examination you have to 80 , but passion is very important. To be successful, you must follow your 81 . Whether you are passionate about fixing cars or exploring the world, you must be passionate about your goal and 82 a path to realize it. Then you will achieve success and find 83 .” At nineteen, the advice was hard for me to 84 , but I knew he was correct. His words 85 me I should consider “I think” rather than “my parents think”. I made a selfexamination and found my passion was 86 . I had a gift for playing the piano but I 87 it. There was only one way to 88 whether I could be a successful musician, so I took my professor’s advice and 89 to the university’s music school. I’m now fifty years old, and live 90 . When I watched the various awards I received on the walls in my office, a contented smile appeared on my face. 76．A．key B．pattern C．factor D．process 77．A．intelligence B．difficulty C．interest D．time 78．A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．companions 79．A．identical B．reasonable C．convincing D．weak 80．A．pass B．monitor C．evaluate D．arrange 81．A．optimism B．determination C．emotion D．passion 82．A．clean B．set C．repair D．cross 83．A．happiness B．problems C．regrets D．personality 84．A．adapt B．turn down C．absorb D．put forward 85．A．warned B．commanded C．advised D．reminded 86．A．music B．chemistry C．physics D．subject 87．A．emphasized B．ignored C．valued D．avoided 88．A．wonder B．discuss C．prove D．doubt 89．A．admitted B．switched C．headed D．returned 90．A．poorly B．cautiously C．bitterly D．happily 【答案】 76．A 77．C 78．B 79．D 80．A 81．D 82．B 83．A 84．C 85．D 86．A 87．B 88．C 89．B 90．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者迫于父母的压力选择了化学，但是对化学并不感兴趣。于是教授建议作者追随自己的激情所在，作者听从了建议，发现自己喜欢音乐，于是转到了大学的音乐学院，最后作者过着幸福地生活。 76．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的家人认为教育是成功的关键。A. key关键；B. pattern模式；C. factor因素；D. process程序。根据后文“to success”指家人认为教育是成功的关键，短语key to success表示“成功关键”。故选A。 77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，我的教授问我:“你对化学一点兴趣都没有，为什么还要来这里？”A. intelligence智慧；B. difficulty困难；C. interest兴趣；D. time时间。根据上文“However, I felt dull in chemistry class.(然而，我在化学课上感到无聊)”可知，作者对化学不感兴趣。故选C。 78．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试图通过归咎于父母的压力来解释。A. friends朋友；B. parents父母；C. teachers老师；D. companions同伴。根据后文“Your success can only be measured by yourself, but not by your parents.(你的成功只能由你自己来衡量，而不是由你的父母来衡量)”可知，作者是迫于父母的压力选择了化学。故选B。 79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但显然他知道这只是一个没有说服力的借口。A. identical相同的；B. reasonable合理的；C. convincing令人信服的；D. weak无说服力的，虚弱的。根据后文“Your success can only be measured by yourself, but not by your parents.(你的成功只能由你自己来衡量，而不是由你的父母来衡量)”可知，教授知道这只是一个没有说服力的借口。故选D。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功没有秘诀，没有必须通过的考试，但是热情很重要。A. pass通过；B. monitor监督；C. evaluate评估；D. arrange安排。根据上文“no examination you have to”指通过考试，应用动词pass。故选A。 81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：要想成功，你必须追随你的激情。A. optimism乐观；B. determination决心；C. emotion情感；D. passion激情。根据后文“Whether you are passionate about fixing cars or exploring the world”可知，要想成功，你必须追随你的激情。故选D。 82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论你是热衷于修车还是探索世界，你都必须对你的目标充满激情，并为实现目标制定一条道路。A. clean清理；B. set设置，制定；C. repair修理；D. cross穿过。根据后文“a path to realize it”可知，要实现目标，必须制定一条道路，故选B。 83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后你就会获得成功，找到幸福。A. happiness快乐；B. problems问题；C. regrets后悔；D. personality个性。根据上文“you will achieve success and find”可知，要找到自己的激情所在才能获得成功，找到幸福。故选A。 84．考查动词和短语词义辨析。句意：19岁的我很难理解他的建议，但我知道他是对的。A. adapt适应；B. turn down关小；C. absorb吸收，理解；D. put forward提出。根据上文“At nineteen, the advice was hard for me to”指作者年纪小，无法理解教授的建议。故选C。 85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的话提醒我应该考虑“我认为”而不是“我父母认为”。A. warned警告；B. commanded命令；C. advised建议；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“me I should consider “I think” rather than “my parents think””指教授的话提醒了作者应该考虑“我认为”而不是“我父母认为”。故选D。 86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做了一个自我反省，发现我的激情是音乐。A. music音乐；B. chemistry化学；C. physics物理；D. subject科目。根据后文“I had a gift for playing the piano”可知，作者的激情是音乐。故选A。 87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有弹钢琴的天赋，但我忽略了它。A. emphasized强调；B. ignored忽视；C. valued重视；D. avoided避免。根据but表示转折，可知作者有音乐天赋但是忽略了。故选B。 88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有一种方法可以证明我是否能成为一名成功的音乐家，所以我接受了教授的建议，转到了大学的音乐学院。A. wonder想知道；B. discuss讨论；C. prove证明；D. doubt怀疑。根据后文“whether I could be a successful musician”指想要证明作者是否能成为一名成功的音乐家，唯一的方法就是去尝试音乐。故选C。 89．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只有一种方法可以证明我是否能成为一名成功的音乐家，所以我接受了教授的建议，转到了大学的音乐学院。A. admitted承认；B. switched转变；C. headed前往；D. returned返回。根据后文“to the university’s music school”可知，作者接受了教授的建议，转到了大学的音乐学院。故选B。 90．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我现在五十岁了，过着幸福的生活。A. poorly贫穷地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. bitterly愤怒地；D. happily快乐地。根据后文“When I watched the various awards I received on the walls in my office, a contented smile appeared on my face. (当我看到办公室墙上挂着我获得的各种奖项时，我脸上露出了满意的微笑)”可知，作者找到了自己的激情，幸福地生活着。故选D。 ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$