精品解析：湖南省长沙市明德中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第三次月考英语试题

2023-2024-2明德中学高二下第三次月考 英语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)略 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A YOUR IMPACT BEGINS TODAY Together we can change the world. Help us solve our world’s most pressing challenges With your support, we’re driving new knowledge, working to reduce our human footprint on the planet, and inspiring a new generation of changemakers to value the natural world and help create a brighter future. 100% of all donations go directly to our Explorers and programs. We’ve built a sustainable, innovative business model that allows us to invest every dollar you donate directly to our Explorers and programs. When you support the National Geographic Society, not only are you supporting your passion for the planet, but you also help protect its wonder. You ensure our mission lives on so we can continue exploring the planet, saving wildlife, protecting our ocean, empowering the world’s most innovative scientists to help solve the planet’s mysteries and challenges, and preserving our ancient heritage for future generations. Your generous contribution will immediately go to work supporting the things you care passionately about — not operating costs. SUPPORT OUR WORK Tax-free gifts National Geographic Society is a tax-free organization, and we rely on the generosity of donors like you to support our Explorers’ work in science, exploration, education, and storytelling. Single and monthly donations Make a gift today to help explore and protect our planet. By giving monthly, your reliable support allows us to respond to the most pressing programmatic needs. Employer Matching Gifts Many companies have a matching gift program for employees. You give an amount and your company donates the same. Double your impact by exploring your employer’s matching gift programs. Honor/Memorial Giving Honor a friend or loved one’s passion for science, exploration, education, and storytelling by making an unusual gift in their name. 1. What’s the purpose of the above webpage? A. To guide people to invest in a sustainable business. B. To attract donations to National Geographic Society. C. To appeal to people to preserve ancient heritage sites. D. To publicize the mission of National Geographic Society. 2. To make your contribution twice as much, what can you do? A. Make it a gift in the name of your friend. B. Support the most pressing employer. C. Reduce the tax attached to the donation. D. Try your company’s matching gift programs. 3. What can be learned about National Geographic Society? A. It needs no operating costs. B. Its mission hasn’t been recognized. C. It is dedicated to protecting nature. D. Its employees needn’t pay income tax. B My family and I had set out on a day trip from Shillong to Cherrapunji, a town known for being one of the wettest places on Earth. However, after we had been stuck in traffic for more than four hours, one of my sisters proposed going back to the city as a last attempt to save whatever remained of the day. A quick online search revealed other must-visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention — Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths (独石碑). The photo showed tall stones piled together in a strange formation, appealing to us to explore further despite the lack of details provided. That is how I found myself standing in the shadow of the huge monoliths of Nartiang, which is home to the thickest and largest collection in the region. Curious to uncover their history, I approached Maryo Symblai, a village elder I met later that day, who told me the story of the monoliths that has been orally passed down over generations. She said, “Back in the day, Nartiang didn’t have a bazaar (集市) and the nearest one was at Raliang. On one such bazaar, a giant named Mar Phalyngki was caught in heavy rain on his way back. He requested to borrow an umbrella from the Raliang chief’s youngest daughter, but she wanted to test his legendary strength instead. ‘Why don’t you go lift that huge stone in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella?’ she said dismissively. Emboldened by her challenge, he just did that, but before reaching Nartiang, he placed it in a forest when the rain had stopped.” “There is a certain overlap of ancient story and memory in the case of the Nartiang monoliths. The locals’ account of how the place came to be is based on ancient stories or folk customs. But they also remember it because it served their ancestors as a weekly marketplace, a memorial, and a place for political gatherings. That is how oral history works. It mixes fact and fiction into collective memory”, said Dr Reeju Ray, a local writer. Today even though the traditional customs and more confirmed historical accounts offer some insight into the site, the mystery (奥秘) of the stone giants lasts. 4. Why did the author and his family come to visit the monoliths of Nartiang? A. It was in their original trip plan. B. They had to choose it as an alternative. C. It was the only remaining place to visit. D. An elder village r gave them the suggestion. 5. Which does the underlined word “Emboldened” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Threatened. B. Moved. C. Stimulated. D. Frightened. 6. Why are Dr. Reeju Ray’s words mentioned? A. To info rm what the monoliths served as. B. To illustrate how the mysterious story came into being. C. To introduce the feature of Nartiang monoliths. D. To deny the overlap of ancient story and memory. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A Trip to the Monoliths. B. The Mystery of Shillong. C. The Formation of the Monoliths. D. A Disappointing Travel Experience. C If you find yourself embracing the thrilling chaos of completing tasks at the last minute, congratulations — You are not alone! According to a survey, 20% of U.S. adults procrastinate (拖延) at home, at work, in relationships, and more. Another survey found that 88% of people procrastinate at least one hour a day. Sounds alarming? As it turns out, if you’re feeling stressed, you may be more likely to procrastinate. Essentially, our brains are structured to approach tasks we find enjoyable and avoid those we are afraid of. Our limbic brain (边缘大脑), the emotional part of our brain, is screaming, “Let’s do anything but that stressful thing!” while our prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层) is the CEO of our brain, setting the goals, making a plan, and ensuring we stay on track. CEO vs. Drama Queen Brain — who will win? Actually, there do exist chances when our limbic brain overrides that prefrontal cortex message. Then there’s the burst of energy we often get when we’re up against a deadline, which leads to a reward pathway within our brains and sets the foundation for procrastination as a habit. When you race to the end and get to the goal finally, your previous stress is gone and you almost get in that pattern of “See, I work better under pressure!” So, how to beat procrastination? Well, you need to retrain your brain to cope with the stress. One trick is to take periodic breaks (reward) to refocus your attention on the task. Ever heard of the Promodoro Technique? It’s about working for 25 minutes and resting for 5. During those breaks, forget about brain-burning activities — try relaxing techniques such as meditation or yoga instead. Another trick is to “eat the frog” first thing in the morning, or tackle the most difficult and stressful task of the day, as was once said by Mark Twain. 8. Why are the two surveys mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To warn the readers. B. To introduce a concept. C. To present a phenomenon. D. To make a comparison. 9. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with? A. We are born to prefer what we like and avoid what we fear. B. The limbic brain is under the control of the prefrontal cortex. C. We are more likely to burst when getting close to the deadline. D. Failing to complete a task can lead to habitual procrastination. 10. What does the author suggest readers do to stop procrastination? A. Force the brain to focus. B. Take a break regularly. C. Solve a tricky math problem. D. Eat something refreshing first. 11. What is the tone of this text? A Humorous. B. Ironic. C. Serious. D. Unclear. D To Swedes, the scent of surströmming (鲱鱼罐头) is pleasant, but to most others, it’s sickening. This contrast highlights the role of culture in shaping our perceptions (见解) of scent. However, researchers now suggest that biology might play a more significant role than previously thought. Artin Arshamian, a neuroscientist at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and Asifa Majid, a psychologist at the University of Oxford, noticed from their own previous work that people from different cultures described smells differently. They also knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful. Thus, they expected to see a similar phenomenon with smells. The researchers conducted a study involving nine diverse groups of people including hunter-gatherers in Mexico, farmers in Ecuador, and residents of cities like Mexico City and Bangkok. They were presented with ten smells, ranging from isovaleric acid to vanilla extract, and asked to rate them according to pleasantness. The results showed high consistency across cultures, with isovaleric acid universally disliked and vanilla extract mostly enjoyed. Interestingly, the chemical composition of the smells accounted for 41% of the reactions, while cultural factors only explained 6%. It is quite different in the case of visual perception of faces, where a person’s culture makes up 50% of the explanation for which faces they find beautiful. Meanwhile, the researchers identified an “eye of the beholder” effect in our perceptions of scent. This phenomenon, though less obvious than in visual perception, represents the personal preferences that are shaped by influences outside individual culture, accounting for 54% of the differences in which smells people liked. This study suggests that our sense of smell may be more influenced by biological factors than cultural ones. It challenges the idea that culture alone determines what we find pleasant or unpleasant and opens up new ways of exploring the biological basis of our senses. 12 What is the initial purpose of the research? A. To explore how culture affects our sense of smell. B To prove all people enjoy the scent of surströmming. C. To examine geography plays a role in scent perception. D. To confirm biology has an influence on scent perception. 13. How did the researchers conduct the research? A. By making questionnaire surveys. B. By recording participants’ reactions. C. By comparing cultural backgrounds. D. By referring to previous study reports. 14. The underlined “eye of the beholder” effect mentioned in the research refers to ________. A. the standard of beauty across different cultures B. the role of culture in shaping our sense of smell C. the impact of personal preferences on scent perception D. the influence of outside factors on our visual preference 15. What can be inferred from the participants’ reactions to isovaleric acid? A. They were familiar with isovaleric acid beforehand. B. They hated isovaleric acid all due to its unpleasant smell. C. Their reactions to the scent of isovaleric acid varied among cultures. D. Their dislike for isovaleric acid was based more on biological factors. 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How We Talk about Fear Matters Lately, there seems to be plenty to fear in the world. How we talk about what we fear might offer clues to how we perceive that emotion socially and culturally. Get the root of fear. _____16_____. In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger. The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago. This root suggests that fear developed from a sudden (frightening) experience you passed through. Figure out the emotional meaning of fear. Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture._____17_____ . For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”. But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa. Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers. Find out a fearful pattern. In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages. But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise. _____18_____ . _____19_____ How we talk about fear changes how we react to it. When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings. In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively. In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience._____20_____ . Perhaps Roosevelt was right when he in famously said “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” A. Talk more about fears B. Change our perception of fear C. The word fear has a long history in English D. There seemed a fearful pattern across the major language families E. This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words F. It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it G. This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1985, Vanessa Foster and her husband hopped on a flight to Alaska without any plan. When they ____21____, they used the last of their money to buy an old ____22____ and started wandering across the state. A little while into their drive, they saw a hitchhiker (搭便车的人) on the side of the road, and her husband decided to give him a ____23____. A few hours later, they ____24____ at a rest stop. “I hopped out and ____25____ to the ladies’ room. When I came out a few minutes later, my husband was exiting the men’s room,” Foster remembered. “We ____26____ around the parking lot, and the hitchhiker and our car were gone. So we ____27____ the hitchhikers,” Foster said. As they walked down the ____28____, none of the cars slowed down to ____29____ them up. _____30_____, an El Camino stopped. Sitting in the driver’s seat was a middle-aged man with bright _____31_____ eyes. He told them to hop in. “When he heard we were _____32_____ and lost everything, he offered us summer jobs and a place to stay on his farm near Homer, Alaska,” Foster said. The _____33_____ impacted them to such a degree that Vanesa Foster wrote about it in a book titled More Than Everything. Looking back on that time in her life, all these years later, she says she’ll never _____34_____ that man with the bright blue eyes. “I really appreciate his kindness toward a couple of _____35_____ on that Alaskan highway,” she says. 21. A. escaped B. came C. won D. landed 22. A. car B. horse C. pick-up D. bike 23. A. lesson B. treat C. ride D. truck 24. A. gave up B. pulled over C. checked out D. sat down 25. A. rushed B. preferred C. appealed D. referred 26. A. wandered B. searched C. played D. drove 27. A. asked B. invited C. became D. needed 28. A. hill B. valley C. bank D. highway 29. A. break B. pick C. clean D. eat 30. A. Currently B. Occasionally C. Finally D. Frequently 31. A. little B. black C. big D. blue 32. A. jobless B. hungry C. tired D. cold 33. A. drive B. scenery C. experience D. book 34. A. forget B. miss C. hate D. forgive 35. A. animals B. thieves C. workers D. strangers 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mogao Grottoes, a world-renowned ____36____ (culture) heritage site in Dunhuang, contains 735 caves and more than 45,000 square meters of murals. Their preservation could not have been done ____37____ the dedication of countless guardians across ____38____ (generation). Among them, Fan Jinshi, former president of the Dunhuang Academy, is an illustrative one. Fan first trekked all the way to Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in July 1963 shortly after ____39____ (graduate) from college. She kept a dream to protect the national cultural heritage ____40____ remained there for more than 50 years. Over the past decades, she ____41____ (put) down roots in the desert, as if her life and Dunhuang’s have blended into one. Thus she has become known as “Daughter of Dunhuang”. Fan has made outstanding contributions to the cause of “protecting, studying and carrying forward” Dunhuang Grottoes through her work. She was the first ____42____ (suggest) the “Digital Dunhuang” concept in the late 1980s to preserve the murals, ____43____ (paint) sculptures and historical data in Dunhuang Caves permanently. She also ____44____ (active) promoted the popularization of the Dunhuang culture. Now, 85-year-old Fan Jinshi, _____45_____ still works very hard to protect and manage the caves, is as busy as ever, “I’ve done all I could for Dunhuang,” she says. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校计划举办一场主题为“当代青少年生活”的摄影展。此次影展向学生们展示现当代青少年个人风采。请你写一则通知发布在校英语网站上，内容包括： 1、活动的时间和地点； 2、活动的内容； 3、期待参与。 注意： 1、词数80左右； 2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 NOTICE Dear fellow students, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Union 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father was a lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life. As was expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, “Er... What... What do you really want to do in the gorgeous(灿烂的) future?” I was silent for a moment playing with the cell phone. I kept thinking, “Should I tell him my true thoughts? What if he gets angry? What if I let him down?” later I replied, “Well, I want to be a writer.” I guessed this may be not the answer he would expect. But surprisingly, “Interesting idea!” he answered. I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation. “Are you serious, dad?” “Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now. Look, it’s late. Let’s take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs (螃蟹) for dinner, and we can talk more.” Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off for the coast. We didn’t talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline. There were no big waves and blinding sunlight at that time. “Let’s see if we are lucky,” he said, picked up a web basket with a rope tied and threw it into the sea. We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, “Give me a hand with this,” and we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck. To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting (蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape. Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there were still some crabs trying to escape again and again. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!” ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024-2明德中学高二下第三次月考 英语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)略 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A YOUR IMPACT BEGINS TODAY Together we can change the world. Help us solve our world’s most pressing challenges With your support, we’re driving new knowledge, working to reduce our human footprint on the planet, and inspiring a new generation of changemakers to value the natural world and help create a brighter future. 100% of all donations go directly to our Explorers and programs. We’ve built a sustainable, innovative business model that allows us to invest every dollar you donate directly to our Explorers and programs. When you support the National Geographic Society, not only are you supporting your passion for the planet, but you also help protect its wonder. You ensure our mission lives on so we can continue exploring the planet, saving wildlife, protecting our ocean, empowering the world’s most innovative scientists to help solve the planet’s mysteries and challenges, and preserving our ancient heritage for future generations. Your generous contribution will immediately go to work supporting the things you care passionately about — not operating costs. SUPPORT OUR WORK Tax-free gifts National Geographic Society is a tax-free organization, and we rely on the generosity of donors like you to support our Explorers’ work in science, exploration, education, and storytelling. Single and monthly donations Make a gift today to help explore and protect our planet. By giving monthly your reliable support allows us to respond to the most pressing programmatic needs. Employer Matching Gifts Many companies have a matching gift program for employees. You give an amount and your company donates the same. Double your impact by exploring your employer’s matching gift programs. Honor/Memorial Giving Honor a friend or loved one’s passion for science, exploration, education, and storytelling by making an unusual gift in their name. 1. What’s the purpose of the above webpage? A. To guide people to invest in a sustainable business. B. To attract donations to National Geographic Society. C. To appeal to people to preserve ancient heritage sites. D. To publicize the mission of National Geographic Society. 2. To make your contribution twice as much, what can you do? A. Make it a gift in the name of your friend. B. Support the most pressing employer. C. Reduce the tax attached to the donation. D. Try your company’s matching gift programs. 3. What can be learned about National Geographic Society? A. It needs no operating costs. B. Its mission hasn’t been recognized. C. It is dedicated to protecting nature. D. Its employees needn’t pay income tax. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于为国家地理学会捐款的告示，介绍了这个组织的目的以及捐款的好处。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据表格第二行右侧“We’ve built a sustainable, innovative business model that allows us to invest every dollar you donate directly to our Explorers and programs.(我们已经建立了一个可持续的、创新的商业模式，使我们能够将您捐赠的每一美元直接投资于我们的探索者和项目)”以及“Your generous contribution will immediately go to work supporting the things you care passionately about — not operating costs.(您的慷慨捐助将立即用于支持您热衷的事情，而不是运营成本)”可知，上述网页介绍了国家地理学会的模式、目的以及捐款用途和好处，旨在为其吸引捐款。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格最后一行中间“You give an amount and your company donates the same. Double your impact by exploring your employer’s matching gift programs.(你捐出一笔钱，你的公司也会捐出同样的钱。通过探索雇主的配套礼品计划，使您的影响力翻倍)”可知，探索雇主的配套礼品计划可以使影响力翻倍，所以要使你的捐款是原来的两倍，你可以尝试公司的配套礼品计划。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第二行右侧第二段“When you support the National Geographic Society, not only are you supporting your passion for the planet, but you also help protect its wonder. You ensure our mission lives on so we can continue exploring the planet, saving wildlife, protecting our ocean, empowering the world’s most innovative scientists to help solve the planet’s mysteries and challenges, and preserving our ancient heritage for future generations.(当你支持国家地理学会时，你不仅支持你对地球的热情，而且还帮助保护了它的奇迹。你确保我们的使命得以延续，使我们能够继续探索地球，拯救野生动物，保护海洋，赋能世界上最具创新精神的科学家来帮助解决地球的奥秘和挑战，并为后代保存我们的古老遗产)”可知，国家地理学会的目的是保护地球及其野生动物等，保存古老遗产，即该组织致力于保护自然。故选C。 B My family and I had set out on a day trip from Shillong to Cherrapunji, a town known for being one of the wettest places on Earth. However, after we had been stuck in traffic for more than four hours, one of my sisters proposed going back to the city as a last attempt to save whatever remained of the day. A quick online search revealed other must-visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention — Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths (独石碑). The photo showed tall stones piled together in a strange formation, appealing to us to explore further despite the lack of details provided. That is how I found myself standing in the shadow of the huge monoliths of Nartiang, which is home to the thickest and largest collection in the region. Curious to uncover their history, I approached Maryo Symblai, a village elder I met later that day, who told me the story of the monoliths that has been orally passed down over generations. She said, “Back in the day, Nartiang didn’t have a bazaar (集市) and the nearest one was at Raliang. On one such bazaar, a giant named Mar Phalyngki was caught in heavy rain on his way back. He requested to borrow an umbrella from the Raliang chief’s youngest daughter, but she wanted to test his legendary strength instead. ‘Why don’t you go lift that huge stone in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella?’ she said dismissively. Emboldened by her challenge, he just did that, but before reaching Nartiang, he placed it in a forest when the rain had stopped.” “There is a certain overlap of ancient story and memory in the case of the Nartiang monoliths. The locals’ account of how the place came to be is based on ancient stories or folk customs. But they also remember it because it served their ancestors as a weekly marketplace, a memorial, and a place for political gatherings. That is how oral history works. It mixes fact and fiction into collective memory”, said Dr Reeju Ray, a local writer. Today, even though the traditional customs and more confirmed historical accounts offer some insight into the site, the mystery (奥秘) of the stone giants lasts. 4. Why did the author and his family come to visit the monoliths of Nartiang? A. It was in their original trip plan. B. They had to choose it as an alternative. C. It was the only remaining place to visit. D. An elder village r gave them the suggestion. 5. Which does the underlined word “Emboldened” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Threatened. B. Moved. C. Stimulated. D. Frightened. 6. Why are Dr. Reeju Ray’s words mentioned? A. To info rm what the monoliths served as. B. To illustrate how the mysterious story came into being. C. To introduce the feature of Nartiang monoliths. D. To deny the overlap of ancient story and memory. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A Trip to the Monoliths. B. The Mystery of Shillong. C. The Formation of the Monoliths. D. A Disappointing Travel Experience. 【答案】4 B 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者探索Nartiang巨石的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段“My family and I had set out on a day trip from Shillong to Cherrapunji, a town known for being one of the wettest places on Earth. However, after we had been stuck in traffic for more than four hours, one of my sisters proposed going back to the city as a last attempt to save whatever remained of the day. A quick online search revealed other must-visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention—Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths(独石碑). (我和家人从Shillong出发前往Cherrapunji，这是一个以地球上最潮湿的地方之一而闻名的小镇。然而，在我们被困在交通中四个多小时后，我的一个姐姐提议回到城市，作为最后一次尝试，以挽救当天剩下的一切。一个快速的在线搜索显示，Shillong周围还有其他必去景点。大多数人都很熟悉，但有一个引起了我们的注意——Nartiang及其神秘的巨石。)”可知，作者因为交通被困，所以改变原来旅游路线，不得已选择参观Nartiang及其神秘的巨石。故选B项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第二段“He requested to borrow an umbrella from the Raliang chief’s youngest daughter, but she wanted to test his legendary strength instead. ‘Why don’t you go lift that huge stone in the bazaar and use it as an umbrella?’ she said dismissively. Emboldened by her challenge, he just did that, but before reaching Nartiang, he placed it in a forest when the rain had stopped.(他要求向拉良首领的小女儿借把伞，但她想试试他传奇般的力量你为什么不去集市上搬那块巨石当伞用呢？”她轻蔑地说。在她的挑战的 下，他就这么做了，但在到达Nartiang之前，雨停了，他把它放在了森林里。)”可推测，这里指在女孩的话语的“刺激”下，巨人搬了石头。所以猜测Emboldened表“被刺激”。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段“There is a certain overlap of ancient story and memory in the case of the Nartiang monoliths. The locals’ account of how the place came to be is based on ancient stories or folk customs. But they also remember it because it served their ancestors as a weekly marketplace, a memorial, and a place for political gatherings. That is how oral history works. It mixes fact and fiction into collective memory(在Nartiang巨石的案例中，古代故事和记忆有一定的重叠。当地人对这个地方是如何形成的描述是基于古代故事或民俗。但他们也记得它，因为它是他们祖先每周的集市、纪念碑和政治集会的场所。口述历史就是这样运作的。它将事实和虚构混合到集体记忆中)”可知，文中提到了Dr. Reeju Ray的话是为了说明这个神秘的故事是如何产生的。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第一段“A quick online search revealed other must-visit spots around Shillong. Most were familiar, but one caught our attention—Nartiang with its mysterious monoliths(独石碑). The photo showed tall stones piled together in a strange formation, appealing to us to explore further despite the lack of details provided.(一个快速的在线搜索显示，Shillong周围还有其他必去景点。大多数人都很熟悉，但有一个引起了我们的注意——Nartiang及其神秘的巨石。照片显示，高高的石头以一种奇怪的形式堆积在一起，尽管缺乏细节，但仍呼吁我们进一步探索。)”以及下文可知，文章主要讲作者探索Nartiang巨石的故事，所以A项A Trip to the Monoliths(巨石之旅)作为文章标题，与本文主题相符合。故选A项。 C If you find yourself embracing the thrilling chaos of completing tasks at the last minute, congratulations — You are not alone! According to a survey, 20% of U.S. adults procrastinate (拖延) at home, at work, in relationships, and more. Another survey found that 88% of people procrastinate at least one hour a day. Sounds alarming? As it turns out, if you’re feeling stressed, you may be more likely to procrastinate. Essentially, our brains are structured to approach tasks we find enjoyable and avoid those we are afraid of. Our limbic brain (边缘大脑), the emotional part of our brain, is screaming, “Let’s do anything but that stressful thing!” while our prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮层) is the CEO of our brain, setting the goals, making a plan, and ensuring we stay on track. CEO vs. Drama Queen Brain — who will win? Actually, there do exist chances when our limbic brain overrides that prefrontal cortex message. Then there’s the burst of energy we often get when we’re up against a deadline, which leads to a reward pathway within our brains and sets the foundation for procrastination as a habit. When you race to the end and get to the goal finally, your previous stress is gone and you almost get in that pattern of “See, I work better under pressure!” So, how to beat procrastination? Well, you need to retrain your brain to cope with the stress. One trick is to take periodic breaks (reward) to refocus your attention on the task. Ever heard of the Promodoro Technique? It’s about working for 25 minutes and resting for 5. During those breaks, forget about brain-burning activities — try relaxing techniques such as meditation or yoga instead. Another trick is to “eat the frog” first thing in the morning, or tackle the most difficult and stressful task of the day, as was once said by Mark Twain. 8. Why are the two surveys mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To warn the readers. B. To introduce a concept. C. To present a phenomenon. D. To make a comparison. 9. Which of the following statements will the author most probably agree with? A. We are born to prefer what we like and avoid what we fear. B. The limbic brain is under the control of the prefrontal cortex. C. We are more likely to burst when getting close to the deadline. D. Failing to complete a task can lead to habitual procrastination. 10. What does the author suggest readers do to stop procrastination? A. Force the brain to focus. B. Take a break regularly. C. Solve a tricky math problem. D. Eat something refreshing first. 11. What is the tone of this text? A. Humorous. B. Ironic. C. Serious. D. Unclear. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。主要解释了拖延症的心理学机制和克服拖延症的方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“If you find yourself embracing the thrilling chaos of completing tasks at the last minute, congratulations—You are not alone! According to a survey, 20% of U.S. adults procrastinate (拖延) at home, at work, in relationships, and more. Another survey found that 88% of people procrastinate at least one hour a day.(如果你发现自己在最后一分钟才完成任务，那么恭喜你——你并不孤单!根据一项调查，20%的美国成年人在家里、工作中、人际关系中等等都有拖延症。另一项调查发现，88%的人每天至少拖延一个小时)”可知，本段提到这两个调查是为了呈现一种拖延现象。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Essentially, our brains are structured to approach tasks we find enjoyable and avoid those we are afraid of.(从本质上讲，我们的大脑结构倾向于处理我们觉得有趣的任务，避开我们害怕的任务)”可知，作者会同意我们生来就喜欢我们喜欢的东西，避免我们害怕的东西。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, how to beat procrastination? Well, you need to retrain your brain to cope with the stress. One trick is to take periodic breaks (reward) to refocus your attention on the task.(那么，如何战胜拖延症呢?你需要重新训练你的大脑来应对压力。其中一个诀窍是定期休息(奖励)，让你的注意力重新集中到任务上)”可知，作者建议读者定期休息来停止拖延症。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“CEO vs. Drama Queen Brain — who will win? Actually, there do exist chances when our limbic brain overrides that prefrontal cortex message.(首席执行官vs戏剧女王大脑——谁会赢?事实上，当我们的边缘大脑覆盖前额叶皮层的信息时，确实存在这种可能性)”，倒数第二段“When you race to the end and get to the goal finally, your previous stress is gone and you almost get in that pattern of “See, I work better under pressure!”(当你冲向终点并最终达到目标时，你之前的压力消失了，你几乎进入了“看，我在压力下工作得更好!”的模式)”以及最后一段“Another trick is to “eat the frog” first thing in the morning, or tackle the most difficult and stressful task of the day, as was once said by Mark Twain.(另一个诀窍是“吃掉青蛙”，正如马克·吐温曾经说过的那样，早上要做的第一件事，或者处理一天中最困难和最有压力的任务)”可知，作者用比喻的手法，幽默的语言来说明拖延症，所以本文的基调是幽默的。故选A项。 D To Swedes, the scent of surströmming (鲱鱼罐头) is pleasant, but to most others, it’s sickening. This contrast highlights the role of culture in shaping our perceptions (见解) of scent. However, researchers now suggest that biology might play a more significant role than previously thought. Artin Arshamian, a neuroscientist at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and Asifa Majid, a psychologist at the University of Oxford, noticed from their own previous work that people from different cultures described smells differently. They also knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful. Thus, they expected to see a similar phenomenon with smells. The researchers conducted a study involving nine diverse groups of people, including hunter-gatherers in Mexico, farmers in Ecuador, and residents of cities like Mexico City and Bangkok. They were presented with ten smells, ranging from isovaleric acid to vanilla extract, and asked to rate them according to pleasantness. The results showed high consistency across cultures, with isovaleric acid universally disliked and vanilla extract mostly enjoyed. Interestingly, the chemical composition of the smells accounted for 41% of the reactions, while cultural factors only explained 6%. It is quite different in the case of visual perception of faces, where a person’s culture makes up 50% of the explanation for which faces they find beautiful. Meanwhile, the researchers identified an “eye of the beholder” effect in our perceptions of scent. This phenomenon, though less obvious than in visual perception, represents the personal preferences that are shaped by influences outside individual culture, accounting for 54% of the differences in which smells people liked. This study suggests that our sense of smell may be more influenced by biological factors than cultural ones. It challenges the idea that culture alone determines what we find pleasant or unpleasant and opens up new ways of exploring the biological basis of our senses. 12. What is the initial purpose of the research? A. To explore how culture affects our sense of smell. B. To prove all people enjoy the scent of surströmming. C. To examine geography plays a role in scent perception. D. To confirm biology has an influence on scent perception. 13. How did the researchers conduct the research? A. By making questionnaire surveys. B. By recording participants’ reactions. C. By comparing cultural backgrounds. D. By referring to previous study reports. 14. The underlined “eye of the beholder” effect mentioned in the research refers to ________. A. the standard of beauty across different cultures B. the role of culture in shaping our sense of smell C. the impact of personal preferences on scent perception D. the influence of outside factors on our visual preference 15. What can be inferred from the participants’ reactions to isovaleric acid? A. They were familiar with isovaleric acid beforehand. B. They hated isovaleric acid all due to its unpleasant smell. C. Their reactions to the scent of isovaleric acid varied among cultures. D. Their dislike for isovaleric acid was based more on biological factors. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍一项新的研究表明，文化可能会显著影响人们对气味的偏好，而我们的嗅觉可能比文化因素更受生物因素的影响。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Artin Arshamian, a neuroscientist at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, and Asifa Majid, a psychologist at the University of Oxford, noticed from their own previous work that people from different cultures described smells differently. They also knew from past experiments by other researchers that culture was important in determining which sorts of faces people found beautiful. Thus, they expected to see a similar phenomenon with smells. (瑞典卡罗琳斯卡研究所的神经科学家阿廷·阿尔沙米安和牛津大学的心理学家阿西法·马吉德从他们之前的工作中注意到，来自不同文化的人对气味的描述不同。他们还从其他研究人员过去的实验中了解到，文化在决定人们认为哪种面孔美丽方面很重要。因此，他们预计气味也会出现类似的现象。)”可知，研究的最初目的是要探究文化是如何影响我们的嗅觉的。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The researchers conducted a study involving nine diverse groups of people, including hunter-gatherers in Mexico, farmers in Ecuador, and residents of cities like Mexico City and Bangkok. They were presented with ten smells, ranging from isovaleric acid to vanilla extract, and asked to rate them according to pleasantness. The results showed high consistency across cultures, with isovaleric acid universally disliked and vanilla extract mostly enjoyed. (研究人员进行了一项涉及九个不同群体的研究，其中包括墨西哥的狩猎采集者、厄瓜多尔的农民以及墨西哥城和曼谷等城市的居民。他们被呈现出十种气味，从异戊酸到香草提取物，并被要求根据愉悦程度对其进行评分。结果显示，不同培养物的一致性很高，异戊酸普遍不受欢迎，香草提取物大多受欢迎。)”可知，研究人员把参与者们对不同气味的反应记录下来了。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Meanwhile, the researchers identified an “eye of the beholder” effect in our perceptions of scent. This phenomenon, though less obvious than in visual perception, represents the personal preferences that are shaped by influences outside individual culture, accounting for 54% of the differences in which smells people liked. (与此同时，研究人员在我们对气味的感知中发现了一种“旁观者的眼睛”效应。这种现象虽然没有视觉感知那么明显，但代表了受个人文化外部影响而形成的个人偏好，占人们喜欢的气味差异的54%。)”可知，这里提到“旁观者的眼睛”效应指的是个人偏好对气味的感知是有影响的。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The results showed high consistency across cultures, with isovaleric acid universally disliked and vanilla extract mostly enjoyed. (结果显示，不同培养物的一致性很高，异戊酸普遍不受欢迎，香草提取物大多受欢迎。)”和最后一段“This study suggests that our sense of smell may be more influenced by biological factors than cultural ones. (这项研究表明，我们的嗅觉可能比文化因素更受生物因素的影响。)”可知，研究表明，我们的嗅觉可能比文化因素更受生物因素的影响。所以，人们对异戊酸的厌恶更多地是基于生物学因素。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How We Talk about Fear Matters Lately, there seems to be plenty to fear in the world. How we talk about what we fear might offer clues to how we perceive that emotion socially and culturally. Get the root of fear. _____16_____. In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger. The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago. This root suggests that fear developed from a sudden (frightening) experience you passed through. Figure out the emotional meaning of fear. Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture._____17_____ . For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”. But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa. Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers. Find out a fearful pattern. In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages. But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise. _____18_____ . _____19_____ How we talk about fear changes how we react to it. When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings. In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively. In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience._____20_____ . Perhaps Roosevelt was right when he in famously said “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” A. Talk more about fears B. Change our perception of fear C The word fear has a long history in English D. There seemed a fearful pattern across the major language families E. This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words F. It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it G. This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. G 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该如何去谈论恐惧。 【16题详解】 下文“In Anglo Saxon times, “fear” primarily referred to sudden danger. The root of the word dates back to “pēr” from Indo-European about 6,000 years ago.(在盎格鲁-撒克逊时代，“恐惧”主要指突然发生的危险。这个词的词根可以追溯到大约6000年前印欧语的“pēr”)”介绍了“恐惧”一词可追溯到约6000年前，是对C项“The word fear has a long history in English(“恐惧”这个词在英语中有很长的历史)”内容的具体说明，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。 【17题详解】 上文“Whether emotions are viewed positively or negatively varies from culture to culture.(对情绪的看法是积极的还是消极的，因文化而异)”指出恐惧的情绪含义因文化而异，下文“For instance, in English, the word “anxious” can be used to mean “worried” or “eager”. But the word meaning “anxious” just means “regret” in Dargwa. Therefore, many English speakers may not view anxiety as negatively as Dargwa speakers.(例如，在英语中，单词“anxious”可以用来表示“担心的”或“急切的”。但是“anxious”这个词在达格瓦语中只是“后悔”的意思。因此，许多说英语的人可能不会像说达瓜语的人那样消极地看待“anxiety”)”用举例的方法说明了一个词汇的情绪含义是积极或消极因文化而异，与人们所习得的情绪相关，是对上文和E项“This is based on what people have learned to associate with emotion words(这是基于人们已经学到的与情感词汇相关的情绪)”内容的举例说明，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。 【18题详解】 上文“In looking at such patterns across the major language families, researchers found that the word “fear” was often associated with anxiety, envy and grief in Indo-European languages. But in Austronesian languages, “fear” more often was associated with surprise.(在研究主要语系的这种模式时，研究人员发现，在印欧语系中，“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起。但在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起)”指出，在印欧语系中“恐惧”这个词经常与焦虑、嫉妒和悲伤联系在一起，而在南岛语中，“恐惧”更多的是与惊讶联系在一起，由此可知，对使用南岛语的人来说，“恐惧”一词不会带来太多的消极情绪。G项“This makes speakers of the latter languages associate this emotion with a less negative sense(这使得说后一种语言的人不太会将“恐惧”与消极的感觉联系在一起)”承接上文，表达了同样的意思，句中“the latter”照应上文“in Austronesian languages”。故选G项。 【19题详解】 设空句是段首主题句，根据下文“How we talk about fear changes how we react to it. When we talk about what frightens us, it may be useful to disrupt associated meanings. In addition, how our language categorizes an emotion seems to impact whether we perceive those emotions negatively or positively.(我们谈论恐惧的方式会改变我们对恐惧的反应。当我们谈论让我们害怕的事情时，打破相关的含义可能是有用的。此外，我们的语言如何对情绪进行分类似乎会影响我们对这些情绪的看法是消极的还是积极的)”可知，本段说明我们对恐惧认知会影响我们对恐惧的反应，建议打破其相关含义，改变对恐惧的看法，故“Change our perception of fear(改变我们对恐惧的看法)”是本段内容最佳概括。故选B项。 【20题详解】 上文“In conclusion, fear is something that can be changed by cultural and linguistic experience.(总之，恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的)”总结全文，得出结论：恐惧是可以被文化和语言经验改变的，F项“It opens the door to potential ways to change how we talk about and react to it (它打开了一扇门，让我们有可能改变我们谈论和应对它的方式)”承接上文，说明这一认知的作用：让我们可能改变我们谈论和应对恐惧的方式，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In 1985, Vanessa Foster and her husband hopped on a flight to Alaska without any plan. When they ____21____, they used the last of their money to buy an old ____22____ and started wandering across the state. A little while into their drive, they saw a hitchhiker (搭便车的人) on the side of the road, and her husband decided to give him a ____23____. A few hours later, they ____24____ at a rest stop. “I hopped out and ____25____ to the ladies’ room. When I came out a few minutes later, my husband was exiting the men’s room,” Foster remembered. “We ____26____ around the parking lot, and the hitchhiker and our car were gone. So we ____27____ the hitchhikers,” Foster said. As they walked down the ____28____, none of the cars slowed down to ____29____ them up. _____30_____, an El Camino stopped. Sitting in the driver’s seat was a middle-aged man with bright _____31_____ eyes. He told them to hop in. “When he heard we were _____32_____ and lost everything, he offered us summer jobs and a place to stay on his farm near Homer, Alaska,” Foster said. The _____33_____ impacted them to such a degree that Vanesa Foster wrote about it in a book titled More Than Everything. Looking back on that time in her life, all these years later, she says she’ll never _____34_____ that man with the bright blue eyes. “I really appreciate his kindness toward a couple of _____35_____ on that Alaskan highway,” she says. 21. A. escaped B. came C. won D. landed 22. A. car B. horse C. pick-up D. bike 23. A. lesson B. treat C. ride D. truck 24. A. gave up B. pulled over C. checked out D. sat down 25. A. rushed B. preferred C. appealed D. referred 26. A. wandered B. searched C. played D. drove 27. A. asked B. invited C. became D. needed 28. A. hill B. valley C. bank D. highway 29. A. break B. pick C. clean D. eat 30. A. Currently B. Occasionally C. Finally D. Frequently 31 A. little B. black C. big D. blue 32. A. jobless B. hungry C. tired D. cold 33. A. drive B. scenery C. experience D. book 34. A. forget B. miss C. hate D. forgive 35. A. animals B. thieves C. workers D. strangers 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，短文叙述了一对穷游的夫妇得到陌生人帮助的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：降落后，他们用剩下的钱买了一辆旧车，开始在州内四处游荡。A. escaped逃跑；B. came来；C. won赢得；D. landed获得，降落。根据上文“hopped on a flight to Alaska without any plan.”可知，指飞机降落后。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：降落后，他们用剩下的钱买了一辆旧车，开始在州内四处游荡。A. car汽车；B. horse马；C. pick-up小货车；D. bike自行车。根据下文“our car”可知，降落后，他们用剩下的钱买了一辆旧车。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：开车没多久，他们看到路边有个搭便车的人，她丈夫决定让他搭个便车。A. lesson课程；B. treat对待；C. ride搭乘旅行；D. truck卡车。根据上文“a hitchhiker(搭便车的人)”可知，她丈夫决定让他搭个便车。give sb. a ride“让某人搭乘”。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几个小时后，他们把车停在了一个休息站。A. gave up放弃；B. pulled over靠边停车；C. checked out结账；D. sat down坐下。根据下文“I hopped out and ____5____ to the ladies’ room. When I came out a few minutes later, my husband was exiting the men’s room”可知，把车停在了一个休息站。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跳下车，匆忙前往女厕所。A. rushed匆忙；B. preferred更喜欢；C.appealed吸引；D. referred提及。根据上文“I hopped out”可知，匆忙前往女厕所。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在停车场找了一圈，搭便车的人和我们的车都不见了。A. wandered徘徊；B. searched搜寻；C. played播放；D. drove开车。根据下文“the hitchhiker and our car were gone.”可知，在停车场找了一圈。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我们成了搭便车的人。A. asked问；B. invited邀请；C. became成为；D. needed需要。根据上文“We ____6____ around the parking lot, and the hitchhiker and our car were gone.”可知，车被偷了，所以他们成了搭便车的人。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们沿着高速公路行走时，没有一辆车减速让他们上车。A. hill山；B.valley峡谷；C. bank银行；D. highway公路。根据上文“buy an old ____2____ and started wandering across the state.”可知，他们在公路上。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们沿着高速公路行走时，没有一辆车减速让他们上车。A. break打破；B. pick采摘；C. clean清理；D. eat吃。根据上文“none of the cars slowed down”可知，没有一辆车减速让他们上车。pick sb. up接某人，让某人搭乘。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，一辆埃尔卡米诺停了下来。A. Currently目前；B. Occasionally偶尔地;C. Finally最终地；D.Frequently频繁地。根据下文“an El Camino stopped.”可知，拦了半天车，最终有车听了下来。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坐在驾驶座上的是一位有着明亮蓝眼睛的中年男子。A. little小的；B. black黑的；C. big大的；D. blue蓝色的。根据下文“bright blue eyes”可知，司机是一位有着明亮蓝眼睛的中年男子。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：福斯特说:“当他听说我们失业了，一无所有时，他给我们提供了暑期工作，并在阿拉斯加荷马附近他的农场里给了我们一个住宿的地方。A. jobless失业的；B. hungry饥饿的；C.tired疲惫的；D. cold冷的。根据上文“he offered us summer jobs”可知，他们失业了。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历对他们的影响如此之大，以至于凡妮莎·福斯特(Vanessa Foster)在一本名为《超越一切》的书中写下了这段经历。A. drive驱动力；B. scenery风景；C. experience经历；D. book书籍。根据上文的叙述可知，这是一段难忘的经历。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这么多年过去了，回首她生命中的那段时光，她说她永远不会忘记那个有着明亮蓝眼睛的男人。A. forget忘记；B. miss想念；C. hate讨厌；D. forgive原谅。根据上文“Vanesa Foster wrote about it in a book”可知，永远不会忘记那个有着明亮蓝眼睛的男人。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很感激他在阿拉斯加高速公路上对两个陌生人的好意。A. animals动物；B. thieves贼；C. workers工人； D. strangers陌生人。这对夫妇刚刚来到美国和司机不认识，所以是陌生人。故选D项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mogao Grottoes, a world-renowned ____36____ (culture) heritage site in Dunhuang, contains 735 caves and more than 45,000 square meters of murals. Their preservation could not have been done ____37____ the dedication of countless guardians across ____38____ (generation). Among them, Fan Jinshi, former president of the Dunhuang Academy, is an illustrative one. Fan first trekked all the way to Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes in July 1963 shortly after ____39____ (graduate) from college. She kept a dream to protect the national cultural heritage ____40____ remained there for more than 50 years. Over the past decades, she ____41____ (put) down roots in the desert, as if her life and Dunhuang’s have blended into one. Thus she has become known as “Daughter of Dunhuang”. Fan has made outstanding contributions to the cause of “protecting, studying and carrying forward” Dunhuang Grottoes through her work. She was the first ____42____ (suggest) the “Digital Dunhuang” concept in the late 1980s to preserve the murals, ____43____ (paint) sculptures and historical data in Dunhuang Caves permanently. She also ____44____ (active) promoted the popularization of the Dunhuang culture. Now, 85-year-old Fan Jinshi, _____45_____ still works very hard to protect and manage the caves, is as busy as ever, “I’ve done all I could for Dunhuang,” she says. 【答案】36. cultural 37. without 38. generations 39. graduating 40. and 41. has put 42. to suggest 43. painted 44. actively 45. who 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了范金石为保护敦煌文化遗产所做出的努力。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：莫高窟是世界著名的敦煌文化遗产，拥有735个洞穴和超过4.5万平方米的壁画。形容词cultural作定语修饰名词。故填cultural。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：如果没有几代人无数的守护者的奉献，它们的保存是不可能的。表示“没有”，用介词without。故填without。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：如果没有几代人无数的守护者的奉献，它们的保存是不可能的。generation为可数名词，表示几代人，用复数形式。故填generations。 【39题详解】 考查动名词。句意：1963年7月，大学毕业后不久，范第一次徒步前往敦煌莫高窟。after后接动名词graduating作宾语。故填graduating。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：她怀揣着保护民族文化遗产的梦想，在那里坚守了50多年。根据句意可知，前后动词为并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，她在沙漠里扎下了根，仿佛她的生活和敦煌的生活已经融为一体。根据“Over the past decades”可知，本句为现在完成时。故填has put。 【42题详解】 考查不定式。句意：她是20世纪80年代末第一个提出“数字敦煌”概念以永久保存敦煌石窟中的壁画、彩塑和历史资料的人。the+序数词+名词+动词不定式，动词不定式作后置定语。故填to suggest。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她是20世纪80年代末第一个提出“数字敦煌”概念以永久保存敦煌石窟中的壁画、彩塑和历史资料的人。形容词painted作定语修饰名词。故填painted。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：她还积极推动敦煌文化的普及。副词actively作状语修饰动词。故填actively。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：如今，85岁的范金石仍在努力保护和管理这些洞穴，她和以前一样忙碌，“我已经为敦煌做了我能做的一切，”她说。先行词为85-year-old Fan Jinshi，作非限制性定从句的主语，关系代词为who。故填who。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校计划举办一场主题为“当代青少年生活”的摄影展。此次影展向学生们展示现当代青少年个人风采。请你写一则通知发布在校英语网站上，内容包括： 1、活动的时间和地点； 2、活动的内容； 3、期待参与。 注意： 1、词数80左右； 2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 NOTICE Dear fellow students, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Union 【答案】NOTICE Dear fellow students, Our society is rapidly changing. We teenagers are eager to show our talents. To meet the desire a photo exhibition called “Contemporary teenager’s life” will be held at 3 p.m. next Sunday in our school hall. The exhibition is meant to show an impressive collection of photographs capturing the lives and talents of modern teenagers. Each photo should tell a unique story, which allows us to appreciate the beauty of modern teenagers. We eagerly hope for your participation in the exciting event. Student Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校学生会计划举办一场主题为“当代青少年生活”的摄影展。此次影展向学生们展示现当代青少年个人风采。要求考生按照要求写一则通知发布在校英语网站上。 【详解】1.词汇积累 渴望：are eager to→ are thirsty for 旨在：be meant to→ be designed to 欣赏：appreciate→admire 捕获：capturing→ catching 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The exhibition is meant to an impressive collection of photographs capturing the lives and talents of modern teenagers. 拓展句：The exhibition is meant to an impressive collection of photographs which will capture the lives and talents of modern teenagers. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The exhibition is meant to show an impressive collection of photographs capturing the lives and talents of modern teenagers. (使用了现在分词capturing充当后置定语) 【高分句型2】Each photo should tell a unique story, which allows us to appreciate the beauty of modern teenagers. (使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did. My father was a lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life. As was expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, “Er... What... What do you really want to do in the gorgeous(灿烂的) future?” I was silent for a moment playing with the cell phone. I kept thinking, “Should I tell him my true thoughts? What if he gets angry? What if I let him down?” later I replied, “Well, I want to be a writer.” I guessed this may be not the answer he would expect. But surprisingly, “Interesting idea!” he answered. I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation. “Are you serious, dad?” “Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now. Look, it’s late. Let’s take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs (螃蟹) for dinner, and we can talk more.” Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off for the coast. We didn’t talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline. There were no big waves and blinding sunlight at that time. “Let’s see if we are lucky,” he said, picked up a web basket with a rope tied and threw it into the sea. We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, “Give me a hand with this,” and we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck. To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting (蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape. Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there were still some crabs trying to escape again and again. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!” ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At that moment my father pointed to the cage, “Look at that crab, there!” Staring at the crab, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn't give up his fight. Fortunately, he survived from the struggle eventually. Shocked and amazed, I suddenly understood why my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. I thought the future would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoyed and held on to it. From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my devotion to school work, I spent all my spare time making full preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. Meanwhile, I contributed to literature journals. Gradually, some achievements as a writer increased my confidence. I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of. 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者向父亲诉说自己想要成为作家的梦想，出乎作者意料，作者的父亲非常支持。作者的父亲带作者去捉螃蟹，有一只螃蟹一直锲而不舍最终成功逃离。作者从中学到了坚持和努力，最终在成为作家的道路上取得了越来越多的进步和成就。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“就在那一刻，爸爸指着笼子说：‘看那只螃蟹，在那儿！’”可知，第一段可描写这是螃蟹一直不放弃最后成功逃离以及作者的感想。 ②由第二段首句内容“从那天起，我就下定决心要实现我的梦想。”可知，第二段可描写作者为实现成为作家的梦想所付出的努力、取得的进步和成就。 2.续写线索：说出梦想——支持——捉螃蟹——感悟——追求梦想——进步——成就 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①凝视：stare at/gaze at ②建议：suggest/propose ③投稿：contribute to/submit to 情绪类 ①震惊：shocked/surprised ②感激：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1]Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. (由关系代词which连接的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. (whenever引导的让步状语从句的省略) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$