专题05 动词时态、语态和主谓一致- 2024年高二英语暑假尖子生专题检测必刷题（新高考）

专题05 动词时态、语态和主谓一致 目录 1. 高二名校单句语法填空 2. 语篇运用检测 ———————————————————————————————————————— 一 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．（江苏省射阳中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月试题）The media training industry (mushroom) over the past decade. 2．（江苏省江阴高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期学情检测试卷）The project will not begin its initiation process until it (approve) by all the members of the committee. 3．（江苏省启东市汇龙中学2023-2024学年高二质量检测）It has given me everything I asked it for. You’ve changed lots, Jimmy. I never (think) you were tall by two or three inches. 4．（江苏省启东市汇龙中学2023-2024学年高二质量检测）“The restaurant was here until five years ago,” said the policeman. “It (tear) down then.” 5．（2023-2024学年河南省名校高二联考）Thirty years (be) a long time, but it doesn’t mean that I will give up. 6．（重庆市西南大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二试题）It was the first time that the novel by Charles Dickens (adapt) into cinema. 7．（重庆市渝西中学2023-2024学年高二试题）Under the sky (rest) a village painted with smaller strokes and finer detail, giving the impression of peace. 8．（重庆市西大银翔实验学校2023-2024学年高二试题）China’s chip technology (impress) the rest of the world over the last decade with its independently developed smart phones. 9．（福建省福州第十一中学2023-2024学年高二期中试卷）The boy (skip) the third grade because of his great aptitude in mathematics. 10．（福建省福州第一中学2023-2024学年高二试题）It is the first time that Xie Lei (step) out of her comfort zone and adapted to a new culture. 11．（福建省福州第一中学2023-2024学年高二试题）It (estimate) that the project will last more than ten years. 12．（2023-2024学年广东省名校高二联考）I was overcome with sadness because I (suspect) of stealing his money. 13．（福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年高二试题）Legal issues (arise) from the contract dispute(争议) last year. 14．（福建省福清第一中学2023-2024学年高二检测试题）A huge quantity of gases (transform) into water when it cools up to now. 15．（福建省莆田第一中学2023-2024学年高二期末试题）They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further (strong) our country. 16．（山东省济宁市2023-2024学年高二期末考试试题）It was the second time that I (read) the novel, and each time, I discovered new layers of meaning in the author’s words. 17．（山东省济宁市实验中学2023-2024学年高二试题）When I reached the station, the train bound for Beijing (leave). 18．（吉林省珲春市第二高级中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）I (play) ping -pong all the morning, so I’m sweating buckets. 19．（吉林省珲春市第二高级中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）James said, “I took the book home with me.” →James said that he (take) the book home with him. 20．（吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二试题）He (write) his novel all day long, and hopefully he will complete it in a week. 21．（吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二试题）People are wondering whether the new film is (release) in April. 22．（吉林省长春市朝阳区长春吉大附中实验学校2023-2024学年高二试题）Poor communication is at least partly (blame). 23．（吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二期末试题）No sooner a big bunch of roses (stuff) into Tom’s car than his wife arrived. 24．（2023-2024学年河南省名校高二联考）The teacher told us that light (travel) faster than sound. 25．（湖南省雅礼教育集团2023-2024学年高二期末试卷）During the early Games, only Greek men (allow) to participate. 26．（湖南省雅礼教育集团2023-2024学年高二期末试卷）As media channels (grow) in number and type, so have advertisements. 27．（广东省麻涌，塘厦，七中，济川四校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期5月联考试题）Yesterday the thief who stole the important documents (arrest) and sentenced to prison. 28．（广东省东莞市东莞市三校2023-2024学年高二4月联考试题）Lately, the horse-faced skirt, as a traditional Chinese fashion, (accept) by the young. 29．（广东省佛山市南海区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中试卷）I (participate) in a volunteer programme, visiting elderly people in my area for the last three years. 30．（广东省东莞市七校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期5月试题）The population in California (explode) over the past few years and the state is faced with great challenges. 31．（广东省东莞市第四高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月试题）Bruce ran quickly to the car, opened the car door, and (drag) the man out.   32．（广东省广州市第六中学2023-2024学年高二期中试题）All job applications must be (submit) by the end of this week. 33．（广东省高州中学2023-2024学年高二期中试题）In recent years, however, membership (decline) . 34．（广东省湛江市某校2023-2024学年高二期中试题）Currently, Porter is translating more poems by Tao Yuanming, and his translation work Poems of the Masters (publish) in China soon. 35．（广东省佛山市南海区南执高级中学2023-2024学年高二试题）Many countries (see) a drop in newspaper sales in the last few years. 36．（广东省信宜市某校2023-2024学年高二试题）Not only you but also he (be) responsible for it. 37．（广东省东莞市厚街中学2023-2024学年高二试题）The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift (write) smoothly. 38．（四川省德阳天立学校2023-2024学年高二试题）Because the process of collecting and boiling down the sap to make maple syrup (require) a lot of manpower and time, it’s quite expensive. 39．（四川省成都市金牛区成都外国语学校2023-2024学年高二期中试题）When I opened my door and was about to leave, I noticed that two men (question) by the police. 40．（黑龙江省铁力市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二期中试卷）Zhong Nanshan, as well as three other outstanding medical workers, (award) the highest honor of our country last month. 41．（黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学2023-2024学年高二期中试题）There was a lot of noise outside because repair work (do) to the house at that time. 42．（黑龙江省铁力市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二期中试卷）The computer (crash) five times in the last few minutes and I will get it repaired tomorrow. 43．（黑龙江省铁力市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二期中试卷）In the children’s minds, summer (associate) with picnics. 44．（黑龙江省哈尔滨第九中学2021-2022学年高二期中试卷）A lot of information can (infer) from these statistics. 45．（黑龙江省大庆市实验中学实验二部2023-2024学年高二试卷）After taking up a position in the community, he (commit) himself to keeping the neighbourhood safe ever since. 46．（北京市西城区2023-2024学年高二期末试题）I (write) the book all year and am hoping to finish it soon. 47．（北京市西城区2023-2024学年高二期末试题）By the time he was twelve years old, he (finish) senior high school. 48．（北京朝阳区2023-2024学年高二期末试题）We (wait) for him for over an hour when he finally turned up at the meeting. 49．（北京朝阳区2023-2024学年高二期末试题）Sam (write) the novel for three years and it was published last week. 50．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）Researchers have been working on the experiment for years and the findings (reveal) in the end. 51．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）I wanted to thank everyone who (encourage) and supported me before. 52．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）He (freeze) with terror, totally at a loss what he would do next. 53．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）He proposed that a fund (establish) to raise money. 54．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）The study (investigate) the impact of violent TV programming on children over the last two years. 55．（海南省海口市等2地2023-2024学年高二期末试题）Sweet talks between lovers are of great significance, which (strong) the bond of their relationship and draw them closer together. 56．（海南省三亚市某校2023-2024学年高二期末检测）I expected to feel instantly different, as if I (close) the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world. 57．（海南省三亚市某校2023-2024学年高二期末检测）By the time Tom got to the golf club, the first period (finish). 58．（新疆塔城市塔城地区第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二5月试题）Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain, (remove) due to mobile phones. 59．（江苏省常州市天宁区常州市第一中学2023-2024学年高二期末试题）Even if you’ve recovered from the virus, you should wear a mask just in case you come into contact with someone who (infect) with a different strain. 60．（江苏省无锡市2023-2024学年高二期终调研测试）In years to come, we hope more girl students interested in science and engineering (emerge). 二 语法填空 Passage 1 （河南省百师联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期五月大联考英语试卷） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For those looking to escape the concrete jungle, maybe it’s time 61 (dive) into the bamboo forests of southern Sichuan. The Southern Sichuan Bamboo Sea in Yibin, 62 120-square-kilometer natural forest, has become a place 63 people in Sichuan province can enjoy themselves in their spare time. 64 (it) average temperature seldom drops below zero in winter. Known as one of the country’s 10 most beautiful forests, it has been a popular tourist attraction since scenes from the Oscar-winning film Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon 65 (shoot) there in 2001. Two years later, the bamboo forest got an ecotour rating when it was listed as a world-class bamboo reserve in December 2003, 66 (become) the fourth tourism destination in China to be granted Green Globe 21 certification. 67 (amaze) at its vast expanse (辽阔), Huang Tingjian, a poet from the Song Dynasty, described it as “bamboo waves”. As Huang was an influential man of letters, his 68 (describe) gave rise to the forest’s popular name—the Bamboo Sea. The Bamboo Sea has an annual average temperature of about 16℃ with an altitude ranging from 400 to 1,000 meters above sea level. Hiking may sometimes seem exhausting, 69 visitors walking amid the Bamboo Sea tend to feel more lighthearted because of their 70 (exceptional) beautiful surroundings. Passage 2（2023届浙江省杭州市高二试题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s common to see a barista (咖啡师) create coffee art, but it’s a whole different ball game doing the same thing with tea. Han Zheming, 71 80-year-old Shanghai resident, has managed 72 (perfect) the skill, creating tea art in cups, or dian cha (点茶) in Chinese, which used to be a routine during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). Over the past decades, he 73 (use) tea and spoons to create nearly 200 patterns 74 (base) on ancient paintings. It’s also his intention to bring the old ritual back to modern life and have more people appreciate 75 (it) charm. Dian cha in modern brewing enhances the taste of tea, Han says. ‘‘It is similar 76 the foam on top of a cup of coffee, except that it is made of tea rather than milk.” Chinese tea culture started to enjoy 77 (popular) during the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and flourished throughout the Song Dynasty, 78 tea had become a necessity for almost everyone, from nobles and scholars to common people, just like other important items, such as rice, oil and salt, as suggested by Song politician and thinker Wang Anshi. 79 (total) different from the method of brewing tea during the Tang period, in the Song Dynasty, the popular way of having tea was through dian cha. The action of pouring hot water over fine powdered tea is called dian, hence the name dian cha, which 80 (list) as an intangible cultural heritage of Runzhou district, Zhenjiang city, Jiangsu province, in 2019. Passage 3（河南省南阳市2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Huang He Valley, also 81 (refer) to as the Yellow River Valley, was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization, because of 82 it is often called “Mother River”. The valley is at the center of thousands of years of Chinese history. 83 China’s second-longest river, the Huang He is over 5, 400 kilometers long. It is called the Yellow River because its waters carry sand and mud, 84 (give) the river its yellow-brown color. While the river helps create fertile land that is suited for farming, during certain times of the year the Huang He 85 (frequent) overflows, which damages housing and crops across the North China Plain, 86 important agricultural region. For thousands of years, the Chinese 87 (conduct) major public projects to keep control of the water from the Huang He, including hydroelectric dams in modern times. Despite the possibility of flooding, the Huang He Valley basin is home to a huge population, and many of the country’s oldest cities 88 (locate) along the river. Tribes and villages appeared from around 2100 BC to 1600 BC in the Huang He Valley. During that time, tribal leaders came together to solve the problem of the Huang He overflowing and wiping out their villages and crops. With the ability 89 (control) the Huang He better and save their crops from flooding, a number of 90 (dynasty) were then headquartered in the region. The valley became the center of Chinese culture, society and learning. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 动词时态、语态和主谓一致 目录 1. 高二名校单句语法填空 2. 语篇运用检测 ———————————————————————————————————————— 一 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1．（江苏省射阳中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月试题）The media training industry (mushroom) over the past decade. 【答案】has mushroomed 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：媒体培训行业在过去十年中迅速发展。由over the past decade可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语The media training industry是单数，因此空格处是has mushroomed。故填has mushroomed。 2．（江苏省江阴高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期学情检测试卷）The project will not begin its initiation process until it (approve) by all the members of the committee. 【答案】is approved 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：在获得委员会所有成员的批准之前，该项目将不会开始其启动程序。主语与谓语构成被动关系，主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语用单数。故填is approved。 3．（江苏省启东市汇龙中学2023-2024学年高二质量检测）It has given me everything I asked it for. You’ve changed lots, Jimmy. I never (think) you were tall by two or three inches. 【答案】thought 【详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：它已经给了我想要的一切。吉米，你变了很多。我从来没有想到你怎么又长高了两三寸。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合“you were tall by two or three inches”可知，此处指从前没有想过这件事，应用一般过去时。故填thought。 4．（江苏省启东市汇龙中学2023-2024学年高二质量检测）“The restaurant was here until five years ago,” said the policeman. “It (tear) down then.” 【答案】was torn 【详解】考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。句意：“这家餐馆直到五年前还在这里，”警察说。“后来就拆了。”分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，结合“until five years ago”和“then”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，tear down“拆除”和指代餐馆的主语It之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是It，be动词应用was。故填was torn。 5．（2023-2024学年河南省名校高二联考）Thirty years (be) a long time, but it doesn’t mean that I will give up. 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：三十年是很长的一段时间，但这并不意味着我会放弃。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语“Thirty years”视为一个整体，谓语动词应用单数，故填is。 6．（重庆市西南大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二试题）It was the first time that the novel by Charles Dickens (adapt) into cinema. 【答案】had been adapted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这是查尔斯·狄更斯的小说第一次被改编成电影。It was the first time that后接过去完成时，主语the novel与谓语adapt为被动关系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been adapted。 7．（重庆市渝西中学2023-2024学年高二试题）Under the sky (rest) a village painted with smaller strokes and finer detail, giving the impression of peace. 【答案】rests 【详解】考查倒装句、时态和主谓一致。句意：天空下有一个村庄，用更小的笔触和更精细的细节画出来，给人一种宁静的感觉。此句子中使用了完全倒装结构，以突出地点状语Under the sky，句中谓语动词rest和主语a village互换了位置。结合句意可知，句子描述是一幅画上的场景，描述客观存在，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应用单数形式rests。故填rests。 8．（重庆市西大银翔实验学校2023-2024学年高二试题）China’s chip technology (impress) the rest of the world over the last decade with its independently developed smart phones. 【答案】has impressed 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，中国的芯片技术凭借其自主研发的智能手机给世界其他地区留下了深刻印象。根据后文over the last decade可知为现在完成时，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has impressed。 9．（福建省福州第十一中学2023-2024学年高二期中试卷）The boy (skip) the third grade because of his great aptitude in mathematics. 【答案】skipped 【详解】考查时态。句意：这个男孩因为他在数学方面的杰出天赋而跳过了三年级。句子中没有谓语动词，空处应为句子的谓语动词，跳过三年级是已经发生的事情，句子的时态是一般过去时，应用动词skip的过去式，skip属于重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写这个辅音字母加ed成为skipped。故填skipped。 10．（福建省福州第一中学2023-2024学年高二试题）It is the first time that Xie Lei (step) out of her comfort zone and adapted to a new culture. 【答案】has stepped 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是谢蕾第一次走出自己的舒适区，适应一种新的文化。分析句子，句中it is the first time that+现在完成时为固定结构，意为“某人第一次做某事”。故填has stepped。 11．（福建省福州第一中学2023-2024学年高二试题）It (estimate) that the project will last more than ten years. 【答案】is estimated 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：据估计，这项工程将持续十年以上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句中it is estimated that为固定结构，意为“据估计……”，此处it为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语，从句的内容与estimate之间是被动关系。故填is estimated。 12．（2023-2024学年广东省名校高二联考）I was overcome with sadness because I (suspect) of stealing his money. 【答案】was suspected 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我被怀疑偷了他的钱，心里非常难过。此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文was可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为I，谓语用单数。故填was suspected。 13．（福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年高二试题）Legal issues (arise) from the contract dispute(争议) last year. 【答案】arose 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：去年的合同纠纷引发了一些法律问题。根据last year可知，句子为一般过去时，动词arise用过去式arose。故填arose。 14．（福建省福清第一中学2023-2024学年高二检测试题）A huge quantity of gases (transform) into water when it cools up to now. 【答案】has been transformed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，大量的气体在冷却后转化为水。动词transform和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语up to now可知，应用现在完成时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填has been transformed。 15．（福建省莆田第一中学2023-2024学年高二期末试题）They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further (strong) our country. 【答案】strengthen 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们有很好的设施和优秀的教授，帮助教育年轻人，他们将为经济做出贡献，进一步加强我们的国家。作谓语，应用动词strengthen，结合上文will可知为一般将来时。故填strengthen。 16．（山东省济宁市2023-2024学年高二期末考试试题）It was the second time that I (read) the novel, and each time, I discovered new layers of meaning in the author’s words. 【答案】had read 【详解】考查时态。句意：这是我第二次读这本小说，每读一次，我都能在作者的文字中发现新的含义。此处为句型It was the second time that+过去完成时。故填had read。 17．（山东省济宁市实验中学2023-2024学年高二试题）When I reached the station, the train bound for Beijing (leave). 【答案】had left 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我到达车站时，开往北京的火车开走了。主句缺少谓语动词，leave发生在reached 之前，表示“过去的过去”，使用过去完成时。故填had left。 18．（吉林省珲春市第二高级中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）I (play) ping -pong all the morning, so I’m sweating buckets. 【答案】have been playing 【详解】考查时态。句意：我打了一上午的乒乓球，所以大汗淋漓。根据后文all the morning可知表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，且不间断，应用现在完成进行时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have been playing。 19．（吉林省珲春市第二高级中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）James said, “I took the book home with me.” →James said that he (take) the book home with him. 【答案】had taken 【详解】考查时态。句意：詹姆斯说他把书带回家了。从句表示过去的过去应用过去完成时。故填had taken。 20．（吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二试题）He (write) his novel all day long, and hopefully he will complete it in a week. 【答案】has been writing 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他整天都在写他的小说，希望他能在一周内完成。根据这句话的意思是和hopefully he will complete it in a week可知，他整天写小说这个动作从过去发生持续到现在，并且还将持续下去，符合现在完成进行时的定义。故填has been writing。 21．（吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二试题）People are wondering whether the new film is (release) in April. 【答案】to be released 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：人们都想知道这部新电影是否会在四月上映。“release the film”意为“发行影片”，时间上表示“要上映”且film与release为被动关系，则从句的谓语动词使用一般将来时的被动语态，即“is to be done”，故填to be released。 22．（吉林省长春市朝阳区长春吉大附中实验学校2023-2024学年高二试题）Poor communication is at least partly (blame). 【答案】to blame 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：沟通不畅至少是部分原因。be to blame是固定搭配，意为“应受责备”。故填to blame。 23．（吉林省长春市东北师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二期末试题）No sooner a big bunch of roses (stuff) into Tom’s car than his wife arrived. 【答案】 had been stuffed 【详解】考查时态语态和部分倒装。句意：汤姆的车里刚塞了一大束玫瑰花，他的妻子就来了。分析句子可知，此处使用了固定句型no sooner… than…，表示“刚……就……”，从句时态为一般过去时，主句时态需用过去完成时，stuff“塞”和主语a big bunch of roses之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，即用had been done的形式，且no sooner置于句首，主句需用部分倒装，had需放在主语a big bunch of roses之前。故填①had；②been stuffed。 24．（2023-2024学年河南省名校高二联考）The teacher told us that light (travel) faster than sound. 【答案】travels 【详解】考查时态。句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。空处作宾语从句的谓语，从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为 light，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填travels。 25．（湖南省雅礼教育集团2023-2024学年高二期末试卷）During the early Games, only Greek men (allow) to participate. 【答案】were allowed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：在早期的奥运会中，只有希腊男子被允许参加。结合句子结构可知，空处动词在句中作谓语；由空前时间状语“During the early Games”可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时；又因空前主语是动作的承受者，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done；空前主语是复数men，所以空处be动词需用were。故填were allowed。 26．（湖南省雅礼教育集团2023-2024学年高二期末试卷）As media channels (grow) in number and type, so have advertisements. 【答案】have grown 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：随着媒体渠道在数量和类型上的增长，广告也在增长。结合句子结构可知，空处动词在句子中作谓语；由后半句中的助动词have可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：has/have done，空前主语是复数，所以此处助动词需用have。故填have grown。 27．（广东省麻涌，塘厦，七中，济川四校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期5月联考试题）Yesterday the thief who stole the important documents (arrest) and sentenced to prison. 【答案】was arrested 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：昨天，那个偷重要文件的小偷被逮捕并被判入狱。根据Yesterday可知，本句为一般过去时。主语the thief与谓语arrest为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was arrested。 28．（广东省东莞市东莞市三校2023-2024学年高二4月联考试题）Lately, the horse-faced skirt, as a traditional Chinese fashion, (accept) by the young. 【答案】has been accepted 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：最近，马面裙作为一种中国传统时尚，被年轻人所接受。根据句中的Lately可知，句子应用现在完成时。主语the horse-faced skirt和accept之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been accepted。 29．（广东省佛山市南海区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中试卷）I (participate) in a volunteer programme, visiting elderly people in my area for the last three years. 【答案】have participated 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的三年里，我参加了一个志愿者项目，拜访了我所在地区的老年人。根据后文for the last three years可知为现在完成时，主语为I，助动词用have。故填have participated。 30．（广东省东莞市七校联考2023-2024学年高二下学期5月试题）The population in California (explode) over the past few years and the state is faced with great challenges. 【答案】has exploded 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，加利福尼亚州的人口激增，该州面临着巨大的挑战。根据句中的over the past few years可知，谓语动词explode应用现在完成时，表示动作从过去某一时间一直持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去。主语为population，助动词应用has。故填has exploded。 31．（广东省东莞市第四高级中学2023-2024学年高二下学期4月试题）Bruce ran quickly to the car, opened the car door, and (drag) the man out.   【答案】dragged 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：布鲁斯迅速跑到汽车旁，打开车门，把那个人拖了出来。分析句子可知，设空处是句子的并列谓语部分，根据前面的opened可知，应使用一般过去时，故填dragged。 32．（广东省广州市第六中学2023-2024学年高二期中试题）All job applications must be (submit) by the end of this week. 【答案】submitted 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：所有的工作申请必须在本周末之前提交。submit和主语job applications之间是动宾关系，空处用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处应填过去分词形式。故填submitted。 33．（广东省高州中学2023-2024学年高二期中试题）In recent years, however, membership (decline) . 【答案】has been declining 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：然而，近年来，会员人数一直在下降。根据时间状语“In recent years”可知，此处表示一个动作从过去开始持续到现在并将持续下去，使用现在完成进行时，主语为membership，助动词用has。故填has been declining。 34．（广东省湛江市某校2023-2024学年高二期中试题）Currently, Porter is translating more poems by Tao Yuanming, and his translation work Poems of the Masters (publish) in China soon. 【答案】will be published 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：目前，波特正在翻译更多的陶渊明的诗歌，他的翻译作品《大师的诗》即将在中国出版。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句意及时间状语soon可知，此处应为一般将来时，且publish与主语his translation work Poems of the Masters之间为被动关系，所以使用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be published。 35．（广东省佛山市南海区南执高级中学2023-2024学年高二试题）Many countries (see) a drop in newspaper sales in the last few years. 【答案】have seen 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，许多国家的报纸销量都下降了。根据“in the last few years”可知，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时，主语many countries为复数意义，故填have seen。 36．（广东省信宜市某校2023-2024学年高二试题）Not only you but also he (be) responsible for it. 【答案】is/was 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你和他都要对它负责。句子可看作陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，也可看作陈述过去的事情用一般过去时；not noly...but also...并列名词作主语时适用就进原则，即谓语动词的形式要和最近的主语保持一致。本句和he保持一致，故be用is或was。故填is/was。 37．（广东省东莞市厚街中学2023-2024学年高二试题）The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift (write) smoothly. 【答案】writes 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我父亲作为生日礼物送给我的那支钢笔写起来很流畅。write意为“写起来”，和pen之间是主动关系，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语pen是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填writes。 38．（四川省德阳天立学校2023-2024学年高二试题）Because the process of collecting and boiling down the sap to make maple syrup (require) a lot of manpower and time, it’s quite expensive. 【答案】requires 【详解】考查动词。句意：因为收集和煮沸树液来制作枫糖浆的过程需要大量的人力和时间，所以非常昂贵。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为the process，谓语用三单形式。故填requires。 39．（四川省成都市金牛区成都外国语学校2023-2024学年高二期中试题）When I opened my door and was about to leave, I noticed that two men (question) by the police. 【答案】were being questioned 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当我打开门正要离开时，我注意到有两个人正在接受警察的盘问。that引导宾语从句，空处缺少从句谓语，主语two men与question构成被动关系，且结合句意可知，此处表示“过去正在被盘问”，用过去进行时的被动语态，主语为复数。故填were being questioned。 40．（黑龙江省铁力市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二期中试卷）Zhong Nanshan, as well as three other outstanding medical workers, (award) the highest honor of our country last month. 【答案】was awarded 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：钟南山和其他三位优秀的医务工作者上个月被授予了国家最高荣誉。空处作谓语，as well as连接名词或代词作主语，谓语动词与其前面的名词或代词一致；句中谓语动词与Zhong Nanshan保持一致，为单数，结合last month可知，句子为一般过去时，且主语和award构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was awarded。 41．（黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学2023-2024学年高二期中试题）There was a lot of noise outside because repair work (do) to the house at that time. 【答案】was being done 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：外面有很大的噪音，因为当时房子正在修理。根据时间状语at that time可知，用过去进行时，do和主语repair work之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词应用was。故填was being done。 42．（黑龙江省铁力市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二期中试卷）The computer (crash) five times in the last few minutes and I will get it repaired tomorrow. 【答案】has crashed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这台电脑在过去几分钟内死机了五次，我明天要把它修好。空处为谓语，根据five times in the last few minutes可知，句子用现在完成时，computer作为主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has crashed。 43．（黑龙江省铁力市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二期中试卷）In the children’s minds, summer (associate) with picnics. 【答案】is associated 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在孩子们的心目中，夏天与野餐联系在一起。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语summer，和associate为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is associated。 44．（黑龙江省哈尔滨第九中学2021-2022学年高二期中试卷）A lot of information can (infer) from these statistics. 【答案】be inferred 【详解】考查语态。句意：从这些统计数据中可以推断出许多信息。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be inferred。 45．（黑龙江省大庆市实验中学实验二部2023-2024学年高二试卷）After taking up a position in the community, he (commit) himself to keeping the neighbourhood safe ever since. 【答案】has committed/has been committing 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在社区任职后，从那时起他就一直致力于维护社区的安全。由于句子中使用了“ever since”，表示从过去某个时间点开始一直到现在都在做的事情，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能还要继续下去，所以这里应该使用现在完成时（has/have + 过去分词）或现在完成进行时（has/have been+现在分词 ）。主语是he，助动词应用has。故填has committed/has been committing。 46．（北京市西城区2023-2024学年高二期末试题）I (write) the book all year and am hoping to finish it soon. 【答案】have been writing 【详解】考查时态。句意：这本书我写了一整年，希望很快写完。write是谓语动词，结合all year可知，用现在完成进行时表示“写”的动作从过去一直持续到现在可能还在继续，强调其动作的延续。故填have been writing。 47．（北京市西城区2023-2024学年高二期末试题）By the time he was twelve years old, he (finish) senior high school. 【答案】had finished 【详解】考查时态。句意：到他十二岁的时候，他已经完成了高中学业。finish是主句谓语动词，“by the time+过去时间，主句用过去完成时”，意为：到……为止。故填had finished。 48．（北京朝阳区2023-2024学年高二期末试题）We (wait) for him for over an hour when he finally turned up at the meeting. 【答案】had been waiting 【详解】考查过去完成进行时。句意：我们等了他一个多小时，他终于在会上出现了。时间状语从句“when he finally turned up at the meeting.”用的是一般过去时，wait表示的动作发生在从句之前，表示从过去的过去开始一直延续到过去的某个时刻，并仍然可能会延续下去，用过去完成进行时，故填had been waiting。 49．（北京朝阳区2023-2024学年高二期末试题）Sam (write) the novel for three years and it was published last week. 【答案】had written 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：萨姆写这本小说已经三年了，上周出版了。根据“it was published last week”可知，小说上周出版，而“write”表示的动作发生在出版之前，表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故填had written。 50．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）Researchers have been working on the experiment for years and the findings (reveal) in the end. 【答案】will be revealed 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：研究人员多年来一直致力于这项实验，最终将公布研究结果。空处为and后分句的谓语动词；根据上文“Researchers have been working on the experiment for years”推知，实验的结果还未公布，即公布结果发生在将来，且主语findings和reveal是被动关系，故应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be revealed。 51．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）I wanted to thank everyone who (encourage) and supported me before. 【答案】had encouraged 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我想感谢每一个曾经鼓励和支持过我的人。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合句意以及主句动词wanted和从句before可知，此处动作应该发生在主句动作之前，为过去完成时。故填had encouraged。 52．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）He (freeze) with terror, totally at a loss what he would do next. 【答案】was frozen/froze 【详解】考查时态。句意：他吓得僵住了，完全不知道下一步该怎么办。此处可用短语be frozen with表示“吓呆了”或freeze作谓语，根据语境可知发生在过去，用一般过去时，主语为He，谓语用单数。故填froze/was frozen。 53．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）He proposed that a fund (establish) to raise money. 【答案】should be established/be established 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：他提议成立一个基金会来筹集资金。动词proposed后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should do，should可省略，a fund和establish为被动关系，故应用被动语态。故填(should) be established。 54．（河南省南阳市第一中学校2023-2024学年高二试题）The study (investigate) the impact of violent TV programming on children over the last two years. 【答案】has investigated/has been investigating 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的两年里，这项研究调查了/一直在调查暴力电视节目对儿童的影响。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为over the last two years“在过去的两年里”，investigate“调查”的动作从过去开始发生，持续到现在，且有可能会继续进行下去，因此可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语The study为单数，助动词用has。故填has investigated或has been investigating。 55．（海南省海口市等2地2023-2024学年高二期末试题）Sweet talks between lovers are of great significance, which (strong) the bond of their relationship and draw them closer together. 【答案】strengthen 【详解】考查动词。句意：恋人之间的甜言蜜语有着重要的意义，它加强了他们之间的关系，拉近了他们的距离。作谓语，应用动词strengthen，先行词为Sweet talks，陈述事实用一般现在时，从句谓语用原形。故填strengthen。 56．（海南省三亚市某校2023-2024学年高二期末检测）I expected to feel instantly different, as if I (close) the door on my childhood and stepped into a whole new adult world. 【答案】had closed 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我本以为会立刻感觉不一样，就好像我关上了童年的门，走进了一个全新的成人世界。分析句子可知，设空处方式状语从句的谓语部分，主句是一般过去时，根据句意，此处表示对过去的虚拟，谓语动词应使用过去完成时。故填had closed。 57．（海南省三亚市某校2023-2024学年高二期末检测）By the time Tom got to the golf club, the first period (finish). 【答案】had finished 【详解】考查过去完成时。句意：当汤姆到达高尔夫俱乐部时，第一阶段已经结束了。根据时间状语By the time Tom got to the golf club可知，空处描述的动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had finished。 58．（新疆塔城市塔城地区第一高级中学2023-2024学年高二5月试题）Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain, (remove) due to mobile phones. 【答案】have been removed 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于移动电话，到目前为止，成千上万的红色电话亭——英国的旧形象，已经被拆除。主语phone boxes和动词remove之间是被动关系，结合时间状语Up to now可知此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填have been removed。 59．（江苏省常州市天宁区常州市第一中学2023-2024学年高二期末试题）Even if you’ve recovered from the virus, you should wear a mask just in case you come into contact with someone who (infect) with a different strain. 【答案】is infected 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：即使你已经从病毒中恢复过来，你也应该戴上口罩，以防你接触到感染了不同病毒的人。分析句子可知，who引导定语从句，指代someone，从句中作主语，someone与infect是被动关系，讲述一般事实用一般现在时，且主语是不定代词，谓语动词用单数，故填is infected。 60．（江苏省无锡市2023-2024学年高二期终调研测试）In years to come, we hope more girl students interested in science and engineering (emerge). 【答案】will emerge 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在未来的几年里，我们希望更多的对科学和工程感兴趣的女生会涌现出来。emerge(出现)是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语more girl students之间是主动关系，结合时间状语“in years to come”可知，描述将来的事情，用一般将来时态。故填will emerge。 二 语法填空 Passage 1 （河南省百师联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期五月大联考英语试卷） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For those looking to escape the concrete jungle, maybe it’s time 61 (dive) into the bamboo forests of southern Sichuan. The Southern Sichuan Bamboo Sea in Yibin, 62 120-square-kilometer natural forest, has become a place 63 people in Sichuan province can enjoy themselves in their spare time. 64 (it) average temperature seldom drops below zero in winter. Known as one of the country’s 10 most beautiful forests, it has been a popular tourist attraction since scenes from the Oscar-winning film Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon 65 (shoot) there in 2001. Two years later, the bamboo forest got an ecotour rating when it was listed as a world-class bamboo reserve in December 2003, 66 (become) the fourth tourism destination in China to be granted Green Globe 21 certification. 67 (amaze) at its vast expanse (辽阔), Huang Tingjian, a poet from the Song Dynasty, described it as “bamboo waves”. As Huang was an influential man of letters, his 68 (describe) gave rise to the forest’s popular name—the Bamboo Sea. The Bamboo Sea has an annual average temperature of about 16℃ with an altitude ranging from 400 to 1,000 meters above sea level. Hiking may sometimes seem exhausting, 69 visitors walking amid the Bamboo Sea tend to feel more lighthearted because of their 70 (exceptional) beautiful surroundings. 【答案】 61．to dive 62．a 63．where 64．Its 65．were shot 66．becoming 67．Amazed 68．description 69．but 70．exceptionally 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四川宜宾的竹海。 61．考查不定式。句意：对于那些想要逃离混凝土丛林的人来说，也许是时候潜入四川南部的竹林了。It’s time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“是时候做某事了”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to dive。 62．考查冠词。句意：宜宾的川南竹海是一个120平方公里的天然森林，已经成为四川人在业余时间可以享受的地方。此处forest为泛指，且120-square-kilometer是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。 63．考查定语从句。句意：宜宾的川南竹海是一个120平方公里的天然森林，已经成为四川人在业余时间可以享受的地方。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词place，先行词指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 64．考查代词。句意：冬天的平均气温很少降到零度以下。此处为形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词average temperature。句首单词首字母大写。故填Its。 65．考查动词时态语态。句意：作为全国十大最美丽的森林之一，自2001年奥斯卡获奖电影《卧虎藏龙》在这里取景以来，这里一直是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。谓语动词shoot 与主语scenes之间为被动关系，根据时间状语in 2001可知为一般过去时的被动语态，主语scenes是复数，be动词使用were。故填were shot。 66．考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，2003年12月，竹林被列为世界级竹林保护区，获得生态旅游评级，成为中国第四个获得绿色全球21认证的旅游目的地。此处become与上文句子构成主动关系，故为现在分词形式作结果状语。故填becoming。 67．考查形容词。句意：宋朝诗人黄庭坚惊叹于它的浩瀚，将其形容为“竹波”。该句主语是Huang Tingjian，应用形容词Amazed“感到惊讶的”，作状语。故填 Amazed。 68．考查名词。句意：由于黄是一位有影响力的文学家，他的描述为这片森林带来了一个通俗的名字——竹海。空处作主句主语，应用名词形式description。故填description。 69．考查连词。句意：徒步旅行有时似乎很累，但在竹海中散步的游客往往会感到更轻松，因为他们周围的环境格外美丽。前后句之间为转折关系，应用转折连词but连接。故填but。 70．考查副词。句意：徒步旅行有时似乎很累，但在竹海中散步的游客往往会感到更轻松，因为他们周围的环境格外美丽。修饰形容词 beautiful应用副词形式exceptionally作状语。故填exceptionally。 Passage 2（2023届浙江省杭州市高二试题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It’s common to see a barista (咖啡师) create coffee art, but it’s a whole different ball game doing the same thing with tea. Han Zheming, 71 80-year-old Shanghai resident, has managed 72 (perfect) the skill, creating tea art in cups, or dian cha (点茶) in Chinese, which used to be a routine during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). Over the past decades, he 73 (use) tea and spoons to create nearly 200 patterns 74 (base) on ancient paintings. It’s also his intention to bring the old ritual back to modern life and have more people appreciate 75 (it) charm. Dian cha in modern brewing enhances the taste of tea, Han says. ‘‘It is similar 76 the foam on top of a cup of coffee, except that it is made of tea rather than milk.” Chinese tea culture started to enjoy 77 (popular) during the Tang Dynasty (618-907) and flourished throughout the Song Dynasty, 78 tea had become a necessity for almost everyone, from nobles and scholars to common people, just like other important items, such as rice, oil and salt, as suggested by Song politician and thinker Wang Anshi. 79 (total) different from the method of brewing tea during the Tang period, in the Song Dynasty, the popular way of having tea was through dian cha. The action of pouring hot water over fine powdered tea is called dian, hence the name dian cha, which 80 (list) as an intangible cultural heritage of Runzhou district, Zhenjiang city, Jiangsu province, in 2019. 【答案】 71．an 72．to perfect 73．has used 74．based 75．its 76．to 77．popularity 78．when 79．Totally 80．was listed 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“点茶”的历史和韩喆明是如何完善“点茶”技术和传播“点茶”文化的。 71．考查冠词。句意：80岁的上海居民韩喆明设法完善了这项技能，创造了杯子里的茶艺，或中文中的点茶，这在宋朝（960年至1279年）曾经是一种惯例。分析句子可知，句中泛指一名上海居民，故空格处应用不定冠词，“80”音标的第一个音素为元音音素，故应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。 72．考查固定短语。句意：80岁的上海居民韩喆明设法完善了这项技能，创造了杯子里的茶艺，或中文中的点茶，这在宋朝（960年至1279年）曾经是一种惯例。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“manage to do sth.”，意为“设法做成某事”，故空格处应填“to perfect”。故填to perfect。 73．考查时态。句意：在过去的几十年里，他用茶和勺子在古代绘画的基础上创作了近200个图案。根据句意和句中“Over the past decades”可知，句子应用现在完成时，“he”和“has”连用，“use”的过去分词为“used”，故空格处应填“has used”。故填has used。 74．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几十年里，他用茶和勺子在古代绘画的基础上创作了近200个图案。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“has used”，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“be based on…”意为“以……为基础”，“patterns”和“base”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故空格处应用“base”的过去分词“based”，作后置定语。故填based。 75．考查代词。句意：他还打算将古老的仪式带回现代生活，让更多的人欣赏它的魅力。分析句子可知，句中“charm”为名词，应用形容词性物主代词修饰，“it”对应的形容词性物主代词为“its”。故填its。 76．考查固定短语。句意：它类似于一杯咖啡上的泡沫，只是它是由茶而不是牛奶制成的。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“be similar to…”，意为“与……相似”，故空格处应填“to”。故填to。 77．考查名词。句意：中国茶文化在唐朝（618-907）开始流行，并在整个宋朝蓬勃发展，当时茶已经成为几乎所有人的必需品，从贵族、学者到普通人，就像宋朝政治家和思想家王安石所建议的大米、油和盐等其他重要物品一样。分析句子可知，“enjoy”为动词，后接名词作宾语，“popular”为形容词，对应的名词为“popularity”，为不可数名词。故填popularity。 78．考查定语从句。句意：中国茶文化在唐朝（618-907）开始流行，并在整个宋朝蓬勃发展，当时茶已经成为几乎所有人的必需品，从贵族、学者到普通人，就像宋朝政治家和思想家王安石所建议的大米、油和盐等其他重要物品一样。分析句子可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“Song Dynasty”，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词“when”引导从句。故填when。 79．考查副词。句意：与唐代的泡茶方法完全不同，在宋代，流行的泡茶方式是点茶。分析句子可知，“different”为形容词，空格处应用副词，在句中作状语，“total”为形容词，对应的副词为“totally”，意为“完全”，句首单词首字母大写。故填Totally。 80．考查时态和语态。句意：将热水浇在细粉茶上的动作被称为“点”，因此得名“点茶”，于2019年被列入江苏省镇江市润州区非物质文化遗产。根据句意和句中“in 2019”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，句子为“which”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词“dian cha”和“list”为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，“dian cha”和“was”连用，“list”的过去分词为“listed”，故空格处应填“was listed”。故填was listed。 Passage 3（河南省南阳市2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Huang He Valley, also 81 (refer) to as the Yellow River Valley, was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization, because of 82 it is often called “Mother River”. The valley is at the center of thousands of years of Chinese history. 83 China’s second-longest river, the Huang He is over 5, 400 kilometers long. It is called the Yellow River because its waters carry sand and mud, 84 (give) the river its yellow-brown color. While the river helps create fertile land that is suited for farming, during certain times of the year the Huang He 85 (frequent) overflows, which damages housing and crops across the North China Plain, 86 important agricultural region. For thousands of years, the Chinese 87 (conduct) major public projects to keep control of the water from the Huang He, including hydroelectric dams in modern times. Despite the possibility of flooding, the Huang He Valley basin is home to a huge population, and many of the country’s oldest cities 88 (locate) along the river. Tribes and villages appeared from around 2100 BC to 1600 BC in the Huang He Valley. During that time, tribal leaders came together to solve the problem of the Huang He overflowing and wiping out their villages and crops. With the ability 89 (control) the Huang He better and save their crops from flooding, a number of 90 (dynasty) were then headquartered in the region. The valley became the center of Chinese culture, society and learning. 【答案】 81．referred 82．which 83．As 84．giving 85． frequently 86．an 87．have conducted 88．are located 89． to control 90．dynasties 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了黄河流域是中国古代文明的发源地，成为中国文化、社会和学问的中心。 81．考查过去分词。句意：The Huang He Valley，又称黄河流域，是中国古代文明的发祥地，因此常被称为“母亲河”。“The Huang He Valley”和refer之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作后置定语，故填referred。 82．考查定语从句。句意：The Huang He Valley，又称黄河流域，是中国古代文明的发祥地，因此常被称为“母亲河”。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代“the Yellow River Valley, was the birthplace of ancient Chinese civilization”作宾语，则使用which引导定语从句，故填which。 83．考查介词。句意：作为中国第二大河，黄河全长5400多公里。分析句子结构可知，空格处应该填入介词，需要的词义为“作为”，即as，空格位于句首，故填As。 84．考查现在分词。句意：它被称为黄河，因为它的水携带沙子和泥土，使河流呈黄褐色。分析句子结构可知，give在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“its waters carry sand and mud”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作结果状语，故填giving。 85．考查副词。句意：虽然这条河帮助创造了适合耕种的肥沃土地，但在一年中的某些时候，黄河经常泛滥，破坏了华北平原这个重要的农业地区的房屋和庄稼。使用副词作状语修饰动词 overflows，需要的词义为“经常”，为frequently，故填frequently。 86．考查冠词。句意：虽然这条河帮助创造了适合耕种的肥沃土地，但在一年中的某些时候，黄河经常泛滥，破坏了华北平原这个重要的农业地区的房屋和庄稼。region为可数名词，表示泛指意义，important是以元音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词an，故填an。 87．考查时态。句意：几千年来，中国人一直在进行重大的公共工程来控制黄河的水，包括现代的水电站大坝。根据“For thousands of years”可知，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时，主语the Chinese为复数意义，故填have conducted。 88．考查时态和语态。句意：尽管有可能发生洪水，但黄河流域是人口众多的家园，中国许多最古老的城市都位于黄河沿岸。句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时态，“many of the country’s oldest cities”为复数意义并承受谓语动词locate的动作，则此处应使用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are located。 89．考查动词不定式。句意：由于有能力更好地控制黄河，并使他们的庄稼免于洪水，许多朝代都将中心设在该地区。ability to do表示“做某事的能力”，动词不定式作后置定语，故填to control。 90．考查名词。句意：由于有能力更好地控制黄河，并使他们的庄稼免于洪水，许多朝代都将中心设在该地区。此处应填名词作宾语，dynasty是可数名词，前有“a number of ”修饰，则需要变复数，故填dynasties。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$