Unit 4 Sharing周测试卷（二）（含答案）-2023-2024学年高二英语下学期周测月考培优练（人教版2019选择性必修第四册）

人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit 4 Sharing 周测试卷（二） 满分：100分 测试时间：40分钟。 1、 品词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 1．As we all know, glass ________(收缩) when it cools. 2．Mother is always singing a nice ________(曲调) when she is happy. 3．In learning English we must ensure adequate quality ________(输入) of the English language. 4．My elder sister works as the ________(顾问) manager in this company. 5．Mike got caught in a traffic accident last year and has been ________(残疾) ever since. 6.She was a fairly 　　　(固执的)person who had strong personal views.  7.The trees provide 　　　(阴凉处)for the animals in the summer.  8.The skin on her cheeks and around her eyes was beginning to 　　　 (起皱纹).  9.The train was about to leave and I was not even on the　　　(站台).  10.By the middle of July you should begin to have 　　　(成熟的)tomatoes to eat.  11.Please pass this　　　(包裹) on to Mr. Li.  12.When I went home, I was caught in a traffic　　　(堵塞).  13.The first thing I have to do tomorrow is to 　　　(除杂草) the garden.  14.Compared with her achievements, her shortcomings are 　　　(次要的).  15.Whether middle school students should wear school 　　　(制服)is an interesting topic.  2、 单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 1. The woman, born with _______(disable)that affect her eyesight, became the champion of the game. 2. I resigned _______ the foreign company in order to take a more challenging job. 3. Derartu is an outstanding athlete and deserved _______(win) in the last game. 4. He has made rapid progress in physics, so the conditions are ripe _______ applying for the relevant major. 5. Sometimes, I regret not _______(make) better use of the time that has gone by. 6. I’m so glad you are here. I’ve been dying _______(tell) someone what happened in school today. 7. China is the birthplace of kites, from _______ kite-flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India. 8. After graduation, she set up an organization to help _______ disabled with their study. 9. If you want to carry the information with you, just plug the USB flash disk _______ your computer and copy important files to it. 10.He can speak English perfectly nowadays, so he doesn’t want to drag _______ his failure in oral English. 3、 阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分，满分20分) A Have you ever paid close attention to a cloud and noticed its ever-changing forms? If not you could be missing out on something quite wondrous. Cloud spotting doesn’t require much. Sometimes, it can be an invitation to be marveled (惊叹) by something so common that we’ve become blind to it. Or you can go deeper, trying to make sense of the sky by learning the different cloud types. A pop science blogger surnamed Zheng, 25, known as the “Cloud Collector” on the lifestyle platform Xiaohongshu, initially started her account to share cloud photos in 2022. Zheng, who enjoys finding delight in recording the beauty of daily life, considered it a way to spread lovely moments to more people. “Clouds have always served as a source of comfort for me,” said Zheng based in Fujian. For Zheng, one of her most unforgettable cloud-spotting experiences occurred during a flight. It was the first time that she had seen a special natural phenomenon called a “glory”, produced by water drops in the air. It appeared as a hazy (模糊的) light point in the middle of a circular rainbow halo (圆形彩虹光环). “It was such a surprise,” Zheng recalled. As a growing number of online users began to show interest and raise questions, Zheng realized that she could offer more science content about cloud spotting. So she started to learn more by referring to specialized books and consulting individuals with expertise in meteorology (气象学). Zheng has now shared nearly 200 pieces of popular science content, including cloud identification, formation, comparisons of different cloud types and weather-related knowledge. Her account now has over 210,000 followers on Xiaohongshu, and there are five group chats on the platform where thousands of users share their daily cloud-watching experiences. Looking ahead, Zheng has plans to hold several gallery exhibitions. “The first round of exhibitions will be in Xiamen in Fujian and Chengdu in Sichuan,” Zheng said, adding that she’s gathering more cloud photos and the unique stories behind them. By doing this, she hopes to inspire more people to appreciate the beauty of the “gentle white giants (巨人)” in the sky. 1. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. Introduce an event. B. Lead in the topic. C. Share an opinion. D. Describe a scene. 2. What was Zheng’s original intention of opening an account? A. To share moments of spotting clouds. B. To receive more attention online. C. To spread love to more people. D. To gain more comfort for herself. 3. Which of the following best describes Zheng? A. Honest and positive. B. Patient and humble. C. Considerate and generous. D. Popular and hard-working. 4. What is the passage mainly about? A A blogger attracts a large number of followers online. B. A blogger is keen on admiring the wonders of the sky. C. A blogger finds delight in recording the beauty of daily life. D. A blogger shows interests in researching meteorology. B People hate mosquitoes due to their blood-sucking tendencies. Scientists, too, are troubled by mosquitoes and have been researching ways to keep them away. A team of researchers from Virginia Tech in the US looked into different kinds of soap. They invited volunteers to test how four different soap flavors attract mosquitoes. After analyzing the mosquitoes behavior, the researchers discovered several chemicals in the soap that can influence the mosquitoes’ “choice of food”. Two chemicals, one with the smell of coconut and another with the scent of flowers, can keep the insects away. The team also found that what matters to mosquitoes is not just the chemicals, but rather the combination of chemicals with each person’s smell. For example, people who attract mosquitoes can be more attractive to them after using one type of soap. They can also repel mosquitoes by using another kind of soap. The finding were “remarkable”, said senior author Clement Vinauger in a news release, adding that he would choose a coconut-scented soap to keep mosquitoes away. How these insects manage to find humans has also made scientists curious. According to a new study published in Current Biology, researchers built a “canteen” for hundreds of mosquitoes. In the 20-by-20-meter facility, there were six pads that had the smell of different humans. The pads were heated to mimic sleeping humans. They found that the insects can track scents up to 60 meters. Also, mosquitoes are most attracted to a kind of chemical called carboxylic (羧基的) acid, which is usually produced by bacteria on human skin. The smell of one participant wasn’t attractive to the insects, and researchers believed it was due to the person’s diet, which is mainly plant-based foods. By analyzing the chemicals that either attract or repel mosquitoes, scientists are able to improve mosquito repellent. With more studies, scientists believe changing a person’s diet could one day make them “mosquito-proof”. This is especially beneficial for regions where mosquitoes carry diseases, such as malaria, CNN reported. 5. Which of the following can explain the underlined word “repel”? A. Rely on. B. Give off. C. Drive away. D. Decide on. 6. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. The principle of drawing a conclusion. B. The process of conducting the research. C. The findings of the scientists involved. D. The significance of this experiment. 7. What can we learn from this passage? A. Chemicals are what matter most to mosquitoes. B. People dislike mosquitoes mainly because they carry disease. C. A Plant-based diet can possibly protect people from being bitten by mosquitoes. D. Mosquitoes are not sensitive to carboxylic acid that is produced by human skin. 8. In which section of a newspaper may this passage appear? A. Animals. B. Medicine. C. Entertainment. D. Science. 四、 完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Overcoming my initial struggles in the Netherlands to start my PhD has been like riding a bike. I ___1___ in a hilly, seaside city in China without cycle paths, and biking was dangerous for me. Now, my Dutch neighbour was telling me I had to ___2___. It took me around a month to feel ___3___ cycling. After half a year, I am starting to enjoy it. For me, a helpful ___4___ for dealing with Dutch traffic was to make a lot of noise as I rode: loud laughs, “look out”, “watch it”, and so on. This ___5___ other cyclists into keeping away from me, and prevented the ___6___ that had seemed unavoidable when I started. This pattern, of a time of struggle ___7___ by fun, was repeated with other aspects of my life in Utrecht. There were more “bikes” that I ___8___ to learn how to ride. One of them was ___9___ management. In Utrecht, I don’t see people working ____10____ time. As for working at the weekend, ____11____ it. I initially assumed that nobody was working very hard, because of their shorter ____12____. But after a few months, I realized that the other PhD students were all completely focused on their work during that eight-hour working period, whereas I was taking endless “____13____” when I could have been focusing on my studies. Cycling has become a ____14____ of my growth, freedom and ____15____ adaptation to PhD life in the Netherlands. And I have formed a good habit of working while I work and playing while I play. 1. A. went through B. worked out C. grew up D. got around 2. A. travel B. decide C. advance D. learn 3. A. nervous B. anxious C. sensitive D. comfortable 4. A. trick B. plan C. tendency D. instruction 5. A. cheated B. persuaded C. guided D. frightened 6. A. races B. ruins C. crashes D. competitions 7. A. followed B. presented C. supported D. appreciated 8. A. hesitated B. needed C. remembered D. failed 9. A. time B. finance C. business D. personnel 10. A. special B. regular C. extra D. legal 11. A. cancel B. forget C. make D. take 12. A. hours B. vacations C. weekdays D. distances 13. A. exercise B. responsibility C. breaks D. exams 14. A. weakness B. symbol C. concept D. remark 15. A. ambitious B. successful C. objective D. careless 五、语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 There are several reasons why school uniforms(校服)are a good idea.First of all,uniforms help the school look smart.The students feel that they belong to a particular group.When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ____1___ (have)to worry about fashion(时尚).Everybody wears ____2____ same style of clothes.Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways.A school in Ireland has introduced an interesting new uniform.On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth ____3____ gives off light in the dark.When the children are walking or ____4___ (cycle)to school on dark mornings,car drivers can ____5____ (easy)see them. But can uniforms help improve school standards?The answer ____6____ this question is not clear.One study in America found that students’ grades improved a little after the school ____7____ (introduce)uniforms.But some students didn’t want ____8____ (wear)the uniform.Other American studies showed no ____9___ (connect)between uniforms and school performances.School uniforms are _____10_____ (tradition)in Britain,but some schools are starting to get rid of them.Some very good schools don’t have a uniform policy.However,uniforms are still popular.Pupils at about 90 percent of British secondary schools wear uniforms. 参考答案： 1、 词汇运用： 1.contracts　2.tune　3.input　4.consultant 5．disabled 6.rigid　 7.shade　 8.wrinkle　 9.platform　 10.ripe　 11.parcel　 12.jam　 13.weed　 14.secondary　 15.uniform(s) 2、 单句语法填空： 1.disabilities 2.from 3.to win 4.for 5.making 6.to tell 7.where 8.the 9.into 10.up 3、 阅读理解 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被称为“云收藏家”的小红书博主在网上分享云的照片，收到了网友的欢迎。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever paid close attention to a cloud and noticed its ever-changing forms? If not, you could be missing out on something quite wondrous.(你有没有仔细观察过一朵云，并注意到它不断变化的形态?如果没有，你可能会错过一些非常奇妙的东西)”可知，第一段的作用是引入文章话题。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A pop science blogger surnamed Zheng, 25, known as the “Cloud Collector” on the lifestyle platform Xiaohongshu, initially started her account to share cloud photos in 2022.(这位25岁的科普博主姓郑，在生活方式平台小红书上被称为“云收藏家”，她最初于2022年创建了自己的账户，分享云照片)”可知，郑创建账户的初衷是分享看云的时刻。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Zheng has now shared nearly 200 pieces of popular science content, including cloud identification, formation, comparisons of different cloud types and weather-related knowledge. Her account now has over 210,000 followers on Xiaohongshu, and there are five group chats on the platform where thousands of users share their daily cloud-watching experiences.(郑现在已经分享了近200条科普内容，包括云的识别、形成、不同云类型的比较以及与天气有关的知识。她的账号现在在小红书上有超过21万的粉丝，平台上有五个群聊，成千上万的用户分享他们每天的观云经历)”可知，郑积极分享科普，受到了粉丝欢迎，即他受欢迎且勤奋。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“A pop science blogger surnamed Zheng, 25, known as the “Cloud Collector” on the lifestyle platform Xiaohongshu, initially started her account to share cloud photos in 2022. Zheng, who enjoys finding delight in recording the beauty of daily life, considered it a way to spread lovely moments to more people. “Clouds have always served as a source of comfort for me,” said Zheng based in Fujian.(这位25岁的科普博主姓郑，在生活方式平台小红书上被称为“云收藏家”，她最初于2022年创建了自己的账户，分享云照片。郑喜欢从记录日常生活的美好中寻找乐趣，他认为这是一种将美好时刻传播给更多人的方式。来自福建的郑说:“云一直是我的慰藉。”)”结合文章主要介绍了被称为“云收藏家”的小红书博主在网上分享云的照片，收到了网友的欢迎。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一个博主热衷于欣赏天空的奇观。故选B。 【答案】5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们研究蚊子寻找人类的机制以及如何通过改变饮食来避免被蚊子叮咬。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“For example, people who attract mosquitoes can be more attractive to them after using one type of soap.(例如，吸引蚊子的人在使用一种肥皂后会对蚊子更有吸引力)”以及后文“he would choose a coconut-scented soap to keep mosquitoes away.(他会选择一种椰子味的肥皂来驱赶蚊子)”可知，吸引蚊子的人在使用一种肥皂后会对蚊子更有吸引力，但是他们还可以用另一种肥皂来驱赶蚊子。由此可知，划线词意思是“赶走”。故选C。 【6题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“How these insects manage to find humans has also made scientists curious. According to a new study published in Current Biology, researchers built a “canteen” for hundreds of mosquitoes. In the 20-by-20-meter facility, there were six pads that had the smell of different humans. The pads were heated to mimic sleeping humans.(这些昆虫是如何找到人类的也让科学家们感到好奇。根据发表在《当代生物学》上的一项新研究，研究人员为数百只蚊子建造了一个“食堂”。在这个20乘20米的设施里，有6个垫子，它们散发着不同人类的气味。这些垫子被加热以模拟人类的睡眠)”可知，第四段主要讲了进行研究的过程。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The smell of one participant wasn’t attractive to the insects, and researchers believed it was due to the person’s diet, which is mainly plant-based foods.(其中一名参与者的气味对昆虫没有吸引力，研究人员认为这是由于该人的饮食，主要是植物性食物)”可知，植物性饮食可能保护人们不被蚊子叮咬。故选C。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“People hate mosquitoes due to their blood-sucking tendencies. Scientists, too, are troubled by mosquitoes and have been researching ways to keep them away.(人们讨厌蚊子是因为它们有吸血的倾向。科学家们也受到蚊子的困扰，一直在研究驱除蚊子的方法)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家们研究蚊子寻找人类的机制以及如何通过改变饮食来避免被蚊子叮咬。由此推知，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的“科学”版面。故选D。 完形填空 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在荷兰开始博士生活时面临挑战，通过学习骑自行车和时间管理，逐渐适应了新环境，形成了工作专注、生活平衡的好习惯。 【1题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在中国一个没有自行车道的多山海滨城市长大，对我来说骑自行车是危险的。A. went through经历；B. worked out解出；C. grew up成长；D. got around在周围。根据下文“in a hilly, seaside city in China”可知，作者是在一个沿海城市长大的，故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我的荷兰邻居告诉我我必须学会骑自行车。A. travel旅行；B. decide决定；C. advance推进；D. learn学习。根据上文“biking was dangerous for me”可知，作者之前不会骑自行车，现在需要开始学习，故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了大约一个月的时间才对骑自行车感到舒适。A. nervous紧张的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据上文“It took me around a month”可知，作者从最初的不适应到后来的适应花了一个月的时间，故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，处理荷兰交通的一个有用的技巧是骑车时制造很多噪音。A. trick技巧；B. plan计划；C. tendency倾向；D. instruction指示。根据下文“to make a lot of noise as I rode”可知，作者提到了一种应对荷兰交通的方法，那就是一边骑车一边发出很多声音，这算是一种技巧，故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使得其他骑车的人远离我，并且避免了一开始看起来不可避免的碰撞。A. cheated欺骗；B. persuaded说服；C. guided引导；D. frightened吓唬。根据下文“into keeping away from me”可知，作者发出的这些噪音会吓走了其他骑自行车的人，也就是提前警告其他骑自行车的人，故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. races比赛；B. ruins毁灭；C. crashes碰撞；D. competitions竞争。根据上文“into keeping away from me”可知，作者发出声音让路上的行人避让，这是在避免发生碰撞，故选C项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种挣扎之后是乐趣的模式，在乌特勒支我生活的其他方面也重复出现了。A. followed跟随；B. presented呈现；C. supported支持；D. appreciated感激。根据下文“by fun”可知，经历了一段艰难的时期，之后是快乐的时间，followed by符合语境，故选A项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有更多的“自行车”我需要学会如何“骑”。A. hesitated犹豫；B. needed需要；C. remembered记得；D. failed失败。根据下文“one of them was time management”可知，作者需要学习新的技能，其中之一是时间管理技能，作者把学习新技能比做是学习骑自行车，他需要学会这些技能，故选B项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中之一是时间管理。A. time时间；B. finance财务；C. business商业；D. personnel人事。根据下文“I don’t see people working extra time”可知，作者提到这里的人们不会加班，也就是人们的时间管理做的很好，故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在乌特勒支，我没有看到人们在规定时间之外工作。A. special特别的；B. regular定期的；C. extra额外的；D. legal合法的。根据上文“time management”可知，这里的人们时间管理技能非常好，所以他们不需要额外加班，故选C项。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：至于在周末工作，他们忽略了它。A. cancel取消；B. forget忘记；C. make做；D. take拿。根据上文“I don’t see people working extra time”可知，这里的人们平时都不会加班，周末加班更是不可能，forget it的意思是便是“不要想”，符合语境，故选B项。 【12题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初以为没有人工作得很努力，因为他们的工作时间更短。A. hours小时；B. vacations假期；C. weekdays工作日；D. distances距离。根据第10小题和第11小题可知，荷兰人平时也不加班，至于周末就更不会加班了，所以他们的工作时间较短，故选A项。 【13题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是几个月后，我意识到其他博士生在那个八小时工作期间完全专注于他们的工作，而我却不停地“休息”，当我本可以专注于我的学习的时候。A. exercise锻炼；B. responsibility责任；C. breaks休息；D. exams考试。根据下文“could have been focusing on my studies”可知，作者本来可以完全关注自己的学业，但他却时不时的中途“休息”，也就是工作期间的中断，故选C项。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车已经成为我在荷兰博士生活中的成长、自由和成功适应能力的一个象征。A. weakness弱点；B. symbol象征；C. concept概念；D. remark评论。根据下文“of my growth, freedom”可知，骑自行车是作者生活中一个积极的变化，也就是一种象征，故选B项。 【15题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：骑自行车已经成为我在荷兰博士生活中的成长、自由和成功适应能力的一个象征。A. ambitious雄心壮志的；B. successful成功的；C. objective客观的；D. careless粗心的。根据下文“I have formed a good habit of working”可知，作者形成了一个积极的工作和休息的习惯，这说明他成功地适应了当地的生活，故选B项。 4、 语法填空 【答案】1 has##will have 2. the 3. that##which 4. cycling 5. easily 6. to 7. introduced 8. to wear 9. connection##connections 10. traditional 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了校服受欢迎的原因以及各地校服的情况。 【1题详解】 考查时态。句意：当每个学生在学校都穿校服时，就没有人担心时尚问题。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，根据句意以及上文“When every pupil in the school wears the uniform”可知，空格处可以用一般现在时或者一般将来时，主语是不定代词nobody，谓语动词用单数，所以应填has或者will have。故填has/will have。 【2题详解】 考查冠词。句意：每个人穿同样风格的衣服。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词，the same表示“同样的”，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在夹克的边缘，有一块在黑暗中发光的布。分析句子结构可知，本句为限制性定语从句，“a piece of cloth”为先行词，指物，且从句中缺少主语，空格处应用关系代词引导限制性定语从句，所以应填that或者which。故填that/which。 【4题详解】 考查时态。句意：当孩子在昏暗的早晨步行或者骑车去学校时，汽车司机能很容易看见他们。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词与“are walking”并列，所以应填are cycling，为避免重复，省略are，所以应填cycling。故填cycling。 【5题详解】 考查副词。句意：当孩子在昏暗的早晨步行或者骑车去学校时，汽车司机能很容易看见他们。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填副词修饰动词see，所以应填easily。故填easily。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案尚不清楚。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填介词，固定搭配the answer to...表示“……的答案”，所以应填to。故填to。 【7题详解】 考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，学校引进校服后学生的成绩有很大的提高。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填谓语动词，根据空格前谓语动词“found”以及“improved”可知，空格处谓语动词时态应用一般过去时，所以应填introduced。故填introduced。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但是有些学生不想穿校服。want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”，所以空格处应填to wear。故填to wear。 【9题详解】 考查名词。句意：其他美国研究表明，校服和学校表现之间没有联系。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填名词，根据句意可知，应填connection或者connections。故填connection/connections。 【10题详解】 考查形容词。句意：校服在英国是传统服饰，但是有些学校已经开始取消穿校服。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填形容词作表语，所以应填traditional。故填traditional。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$