2024年北京高三英语二模试题汇编：阅读表达

2024北京高三二模英语汇编 阅读表达 一、阅读表达 （2024北京顺义高三二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Uncertainty is all around us, never more so than today. Whether it concerns your health or relationships, much of what lies ahead in life remains uncertain. We’re all different in how much uncertainty we can tolerate in life. Some people seem to enjoy taking risks and living unpredictable lives, while others find the randomness of life deeply annoying. But all of us have a limit. If you feel controlled by uncertainty and worry, it’s important to know that you’re not alone; many of us are in the same boat. To cope with all this uncertainty, many of us use worrying as a tool for trying to predict the future and avoid unpleasant surprises. Worrying can make it seem like you have some control over uncertain circumstances. You may also believe that it will help you find a solution to your problems or prepare you for the worst. Unfortunately, long-term worrying just robs you of enjoyment in the present and weakens your energy. But there are healthier ways to cope with uncertainty. Identify your uncertainty trigger (诱发因素). A lot of uncertainty tends to be self-generated. However, some can be generated by external sources, such as reading media stories that focus on bad news, or simply communicating with anxious friends. By recognizing your triggers, you can take action to avoid or reduce your exposure to them. Shift your attention. Focus on solvable worries, taking action on those aspects of a problem that you can control, or simply go back to what you were doing. When the feelings of uncertainty return, refocus your mind on the present moment and your own breathing. 1．How are people different in tolerating uncertainty in life? 2．Why do many people use worrying as a tool to deal with uncertainty? 3．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶ Knowing the triggers of your uncertainty, you can learn to expose yourself to them. 4．What are you most uncertain about right now? How will you deal with it? (In about 40 words) （2024北京丰台高三二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Family values are a set of principles and beliefs that a family agrees upon, such as emphasizing the importance of honest behaviors or valuing effort and persistence in achieving goals. They are fundamental and determine how members of a home interact with each other and with the world. Family values determine what you think is important and what is good. These values can help you stay consistent when making decisions in everyday life, especially in moments of uncertainty. This is particularly true when you’re going to make quick decisions based on an emotional reaction. For example, if honesty and communication are your important family values, you’re more likely to approach conflicts with an open mind and a willing heart to talk through issues. When finding your family member has lied to you, instead of acting thoughtlessly, you know what to do—have a talk sincerely. Family values serve as a guiding force within the home, but their impact extends far beyond, shaping societal norms and behaviors. For example, if several families plant generosity in their values, the next generation will grow up to be more generous. As a result, adults in this generation are more likely to take other people’s needs into consideration when making difficult choices. They become positive contributors to the society, developing an atmosphere of care and consideration that enhances communal well-being. Great influence as it has, family values are not taught consciously. Often, they get passed down without being noticed. Those values don’t ever get questioned. Whether you’ve outlined them or not, they’re present. And once you take ownership of those values, you can shape them to be in line with what you expect your family to be. 5．What are family values? 6．How can family values help to make decisions in everyday life? 7．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Family values have great influence within the home, but they have nothing to do with shaping common behaviors and rules in a society. 8．Please share one of your family values and explain how it influences you. (In about 40 words) （2024北京朝阳高三二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When Eugenie George first heard that her friend passed the accountant exam, her heart sank. She’d failed that test weeks earlier, and needed the certificate to advance her own career. “My inner child got upset,” recalls George. But then, she called her friend. “I told her I failed and admitted I was envious,” she says. Being frank shifted her attitude, and she was surprised to realize she could share her friend’s happiness and experience her own, in turn. “I congratulated my friend and told her she inspired me,” George says. This is what scientists called freudenfreude, meaning finding pleasure in another person’s success, even if it doesn’t directly involve us. Freudenfreude is like social glue, says Catherine Chambliss, a professor of psychology at Ursinus College. It makes relationships “close and more enjoyable.” A study in 2021 examined freudenfreude’s role in daily life and found that it could improve life satisfaction and even help people co-operate during a conflict. While the benefits of freudenfreude are plentiful, it doesn’t always come easily. If you were raised in a family that paired winning with self-worth, Chambliss says, you might misread someone else’s victory as your own personal shortcoming. Besides, mental health can also affect your ability to participate in someone else’s joy. Negative emotions like anger or dislike may lead to the opposite of freudenfreude. Luckily, the ability of freudenfreude can be exercised. To help people strengthen joy-sharing muscles, Chambliss and his colleagues developed a programme called Freudenfreude Enhancement Training practices. They found that depressed students who used the practices for two weeks had an easier time expressing freudenfreude, which enhanced their relationships and improved their moods. Given that, having freudenfreude is beneficial and it is worthwhile to explore ways to encourage the feeling. 9． According to scientists, what is freudenfreude? 10． What impact does freudenfreude have on daily life? 11．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. · Freudenfreude doesn’t always come easily, and it is affected by your family environment and physical health. 12．Besides George’s experience mentioned in the passage, please describe one of your experiences of freudenfreude. (In about 40 words) （2024北京东城高三二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 When I think about running a timed mile in elementary school PE class, I can still feel the full-body sensation of stress. The mile run was part of the National Physical Fitness Test, a bi annual assessment given to elementary through high school students, which included five events: the mile run, sit-ups, pull-ups or push-ups, a sit-and-reach and a shuttle run. Twice a year, the top 15 percent of participants nationwide were honored with a Physical Fitness Award. At my school, the winners’names were painted on one of the gym’s walls. For years I stared admiringly at those names, wondering if I would ever make the cut. But no matter how hard I tried, I could never pull my chin above the bar. I believe deeply in the value of physical activity for both the mind and the body. However, it wasn’t until I was in my 30s and had run a half-dozen half-marathons, at a comfortable pace, that I even began to believe I was a sportswoman. I’ve heard similar stories from many people. My friend Natalia, a group fitness instructor, said that for years she saw herself as lacking athleticism thanks to her experience in PE class. It was only when she took a fitness class that she began to see herself as physically capable. Their experiences, and my own, made me believe even if PE class and fitness assessment fail to make you develop a positive relationship with sports, there is definitely a positive opportunity to make it a source of joy in your life. It’s taken years to meet myself where I am. When I run a mile these days, I feel so good by the end that I want to run another. I still can’t do a traditional pull-up, but a trainer at my gym recently introduced me to assisted pull - ups with resistance bands; I delight in finally feeling up to the task. Fitness shouldn’t be for the few. We all benefit from sports, whether we earn our names on the wall or not. 13． What is the National Physical Fitness Test? 14． What was in her mind when the author stared at the names on the wall? 15．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. According to the author, many people fail in PE class or fitness assessment and then they will find it difficult to make sports a source of joy in their life. 16．What do you think of the idea “fitness shouldn’t be for the few” in the last paragraph? （In about 40 words） （2024北京海淀高三二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域内作答。 How Gratitude Makes You Happier Choosing to be thankful may well be an easy and accessible way to boost your happiness. We usually think of happiness as a subjective sense of well-being, a feeling of joy and satisfaction. But more than just an emotion or fleeting (短暂的) feeling, happiness also includes a deep sense of meaning, worth and purpose in life. Gratitude supports happiness in ways related to all of these. Research has shown gratitude has far-reaching effects on our physical health. When people are thankful, they’re more likely to exercise, eat better, and take care of their health. Much evidence points to lower stress, reduced pain and improved immune systems as a result of being thankful. Even better blood pressure and positive effects on the heart have been linked to gratitude. Gratitude has a strong positive impact on mental health as well. It increases self-esteem, enhances positive emotions and makes us more optimistic since experiencing gratitude activates neurotransmitters like dopamine, which we associate with pleasure, and serotonin, which regulates our mood. It also promotes feelings like trust and generosity, which are induced by oxytocin, a hormone released by the brain. Just like a muscle, thankfulness is something we need to exercise more often. One way is to learn from the Scandinavians, who, the UN’s World Happiness Report suggests, are the happiest people in the world. It’s worth pausing to think about why. Scandinavians themselves are determining their levels of happiness. They are appreciative of a functioning society where they have economic security and where social institutions support everyone. Yet, there is something else. They value “moderation”, a just enough-ness. They don’t chase happiness or work overtime for months at a time. They remain grateful for a healthy work-life balance. As a result of this satisfaction and contentment, they feel their lives have value. So, take some time to be thankful. It can impact your happiness and enhance many aspects of your life. 17． What does happiness include besides what we usually think? 18． On what does gratitude have a positive influence? 19． Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Scandinavians don’t work overtime for months at a time because they feel their lives have value. 20． How can you exercise being grateful? (In about 40 words) （2024北京西城高三二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Four Colombian children survived a plane crash only to be lost deep in the Amazon rainforest for well over a month. This is how they survived this horrifying situation. It’s most people’s nightmare: surviving a plane crash only to be trapped in a jungle with no way of contacting the outside world. But they survived. The children, aged 13, nine and four, as well as an 11-month-old baby, were flying with their mother from their village in the Amazon to visit their father in San José del Guaviare. The single-engine Cessna on which they were flying experienced engine problems and disappeared on May 1, 2023. Bad weather prevented the army from finding the crash site for two weeks, where they then found the dead bodies of three adults, including the children’s mother. How did these children survive conditions that would be an unimaginable struggle for most adults? They are members of the Huitoto Indigenous group and were raised in the jungle. As such, they have an intimate understanding of the rainforest. They know which fruits are safe to eat and which plants should be avoided. Working with, rather than against, the Amazon, they survived on fruits and seeds, while feeding the baby water mixed with yucca flour that they found on the plane. While the children got on with the business of surviving, the Colombian army worked with Indigenous volunteers to find them. After 40 days of searching, the children were found and taken to recover at a military hospital in Bogota. While many around the world have taken this survival story to be a miracle, others point out that it is the result of an ancient and intimate knowledge of the rainforest that has been passed down through Indigenous communities over the generations. Indigenous tribes have a close relationship to the Amazon, marked by a deep respect for the forest that provides them with shelter and nutritious ingredients. It is their close connection to and understanding of the rainforest that undoubtedly helped the children to survive. 20． What made the plane on which they were flying crash? 21． Why did it take the army so long to find the children after the accident? 23．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. · The children survived the horrifying situation by fighting against the Amazon rainforest. 24． What lesson can you learn from the story? (In about 40 words) （2024北京昌平高三二模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I always wanted to be like explorers Marco Polo or Ibn Battuta. They traveled the world with curiosity and a desire to share with others the marvels they discovered. They had no Internet, guidebooks, social media, blogs, vlogs, reviews, or slideshows. And with so much information available, how can one possibly be like these travel writing pioneers? The answer may shock you as it did my travel journalism students. I plan nothing in advance except for a place to stay and let the place reveal itself to me on its own terms. And how does that work out? I have contributed to 130 international publications with articles about what I discovered. I do not recommend this approach to everyone. But what I do suggest is that you give up your desire to have everything planned in advance, and that you stop obsessing about all the trip details and trying to make it a perfect trip. Whether you are traveling with a tour group, friends, family, or solo, leave unstructured time, so magic can happen. Many people I know approach travel like a job, and a stressful one at that. They want to make sure they cover all the bases and don’t miss anything. But in my opinion, they copy what others have done before them and check each site off on a list. So how do you make your trip unique? I call it slow travel. It’s not just about slowing down. Instead of running from place to place, you look around you, you take your environment in, you notice things that perhaps no one has ever noticed before. You can start talking to people. Random people you meet and talk to are a key element you cannot plan for. They may tell you about places and events that will enrich your trip. They give you local insider tips. They may even accompany you or invite you to join them for an experience. They have enriched every trip I have taken. And the more you talk to people — even if you are shy — the more you develop the self - confidence to do more of it. And then you are really in the present, having an experience that is uniquely yours. 25． Why does the author’s way of travelling shock her students? 26． What does the author think of most people’s way of travelling? 27. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. You can make your trip unique by making a detailed plan, noticing new things in the place and meeting local people to experience local life. 28. Besides slow travel, in what other aspect （s） in our life do you think we should slow down? Why? （In about 40 words） 参考答案 1．Some people seem to enjoy taking risks and living unpredictable lives, while others like to take things step-by-step. 2．Because they believe that worrying in advance can increase their control over uncertain circumstances, prepare themselves for the worst, and avoid the unexpected. 3．Knowing the triggers of your uncertainty, you can learn to expose yourself to them. Because knowing the triggers of your uncertainty, you can learn to take action to avoid or reduce your exposure to them. 4．What I am most uncertain about now is to enter the university. Now I understand lots of uncertainty is self-generated, so I should focus on some solvable worries and try my best to review my lessons. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在充满了不确定性的生活当中，我们应该怎样应对这种不确定性。不要让担忧剥夺了对当下的享受削弱了自己能量，我们应该采取行动解决能解决的问题，过好当下。 1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“We’re all different in how much uncertainty we can tolerate in life. Some people seem to enjoy taking risks and living unpredictable lives, while others find the randomness of life deeply annoying. (在生活中，我们所能容忍的不确定性是不同的。有些人似乎喜欢冒险和过不可预测的生活，而另一些人则觉得生活的随机性非常烦人。) ”可知，人们在容忍生活中的不确定性方面是有所不同的。有些人喜欢冒险，而有些人喜欢按部就班地生活。故答案为Some people seem to enjoy taking risks and living unpredictable lives, while others like to take things step-by-step. 2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“To cope with all this uncertainty, many of us use worrying as a tool for trying to predict the future and avoid unpleasant surprises. Worrying can make it seem like you have some control over uncertain circumstances. You may also believe that it will help you find a solution to your problems or prepare you for the worst.  (为了应对所有这些不确定性，我们中的许多人把担忧作为一种工具，试图预测未来，避免不愉快的意外。担心会让人觉得你对不确定的情况有一定的控制力。你也可能相信它会帮助你找到解决问题的方法，或者为最坏的情况做好准备。)”可知，很多人把担忧作为一种应对不确定性的工具的原因是他们认为提前担忧可以增强对不确定情况的掌控力，为最坏的情况做好准备，避免意想不到的情况发生。故答案为Because they believe that worrying in advance can increase their control over uncertain circumstances, prepare themselves for the worst, and avoid the unexpected. 3．考查推理判断。根据第四段最后一句话By recognizing your triggers, you can take action to avoid or reduce your exposure to them. (通过识别你的诱因，你可以采取行动避免或减少与它们的接触。)可知，Knowing the triggers of your uncertainty, you can learn to expose yourself to them. (了解你不确定的诱因，你可以学会让自己暴露在它们面前。) 这个说法中，后面是与文章所表达的意思不相符的。了解了不确定的诱因后，正确的做法是采取行动避免，或减少与它们的接触。故答案为Knowing the triggers of your uncertainty, you can learn to expose yourself to them. Because knowing the triggers of your uncertainty, you can learn to take action to avoid or reduce your exposure to them. 4．观点开放题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了在充满了不确定性的生活当中，我们应该怎样应对这种不确定性。不要让担忧剥夺了对当下的享受，削弱了自己能量，我们应该采取行动解决能解决的问题，过好当下。故答案为What I am most uncertain about now is to enter the university. Now I understand lots of uncertainty is self-generated, so I should focus on some solvable worries and try my best to review my lessons. 5．Family values are a set of principles and beliefs that a family agrees upon. 6．They can help you stay consistent. 7．Family values have great influence within the home, but they have nothing to do with shaping common behaviors and rules in a society. Family values serve as a guiding force within the home, but their impact extends far beyond, shaping societal norms and behaviors. 8．My family value is that we should help those who are in need. It plays a role that guide me to be an excellent individual and do meaningful things. It is my family value that makes me learn about helping others. 【导语】本文是议论文。文章陈述了家庭价值观的概念以及其对一个人的悄无声息的影响。 5．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“Family values are a set of principles and beliefs that a family agrees upon, such as emphasizing the importance of honest behaviors or valuing effort and persistence in achieving goals.(家庭价值观是一个家庭所认同的一系列原则和信念，比如强调诚实行为的重要性，或者重视努力和坚持来实现目标。)”可知，家庭价值观是一个家庭所认同的一系列原则和信念。故答案为Family values are a set of principles and beliefs that a family agrees upon. 6．考查细节理解。根据第二段的“Family values determine what you think is important and what is good. These values can help you stay consistent when making decisions in everyday life, especially in moments of uncertainty.(家庭价值观决定了你认为什么是重要的，什么是好的。这些价值观可以帮助你在日常生活中做出决定时保持一致，尤其是在不确定的时刻。)”可知，在日常生活中，家庭价值观有助于在做决定时保持一致。故答案为They can help you stay consistent. 7．考查细节理解。根据第三段的“Family values serve as a guiding force within the home, but their impact extends far beyond, shaping societal norms and behaviors.(家庭价值观是家庭内部的指导力量，但其影响远不止于此，它塑造了社会规范和行为。)”可知，家庭价值观不仅在家庭内部有重大的影响，但其影响远不止于此，它也塑造了社会规范和行为。故答案为Family values have great influence within the home, but they have nothing to do with shaping common behaviors and rules in a society. Because family values serve as a guiding force within the home, but their impact extends far beyond, shaping societal norms and behaviors. 8．开放性试题。观点正确即可。例如，我的家庭价值观是我们应该帮助那些需要帮助的人。它引导我成为一个优秀的人，做有意义的事情。正是我的家庭价值观让我学会了帮助别人。故答案为My family value is that we should help those who are in need. It plays a role that guide me to be an excellent individual and do meaningful things. It is my family value that makes me learn about helping others. 9. Freudenfreude is finding pleasure in another person’s success, even if it doesn’t directly involve us. 10. It improves life satisfaction and even helps people co-operate during a conflict. 11. Freudenfreude doesn’t always come easily, and it is affected by your family environment and physical health. Mental well-being can affect your ability to participate in the joy of others. 12. 1) Last year, in the relay race, my team was defeated by my friend’s team. I felt a little envious at first. However, seeing excitement on his face, I related to him and joined in the celebration. As we celebrated together, we were reminded of the power of sharing joy. 2) I experienced freudenfreude when my friend got accepted into her dream school. Although I was still struggling for my final exam and not sure what my future would hold, I sent her sincere congratulations on the success. That enhanced the bond between us, fostering mutual support and encouragement. 13. It is a bi annual assessment given to elementary through high school students. 14. She was wondering if she would ever make the cut. 15. According to the author, many people fail in PE class or fitness assessment and then they will find it difficult to make sports a source of joy in their life. According to the passage, many people fail in PE class or fitness assessment but there is definitely a positive opportunity for them to make sports a source of joy in their life. 16.略 17. It includes a deep sense of meaning, worth and purpose in life. 18. (Both) physical (health) and mental health. 19. Scandinavians don’t work overtime for months at a time because they feel their lives have value. … they value “moderation”, a just enough-ness. 20. Possible Version 1 I can exercise gratitude in two ways. I would like to say “thank you” timely and sincerely to whoever helps me. I can also surprise him with a gift on special occasions so that he will know how grateful I am for his help. Possible Version 2 I can start a gratitude journal. Each day I write down three things I am thankful for in a notebook. When trapped in the cycle of negativity, I can review those little joys and simple pleasures around me, experiencing a feeling of gratefulness. 21. Engine problems. 22. Because the weather was bad. 23. The children survived the horrifying situation by fighting against the Amazon rainforest According to the passage, the children survived because they worked with the Amazon forest and survived on fruits and seeds, while feeding the baby water mixed with yucca flour that they found on the plane. 24. 略。 25. The author plans nothing in advance except for a place to stay and let the place reveal itself to him/her on its own terms. 26. In the author’s opinion, they copy what others have done before them and check each site off on a list. 27. You can make your trip unique by making a detailed plan, noticing new things in the place and meeting local people to experience local life. According to the passage, the writer thinks we can make our trip unique by slow travel. We can notice things that perhaps no one has ever noticed before and talking with local people. Making a detailed plan is not part of slow travel. 28. 略 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$