精品解析：北京市第六十六中学2023-2024学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题

北京市第六十六中学2023—2024学年第二学期第三次质量检测 高二英语 2024.06 试卷说明： 1. 本试卷共五道大题，共9页。 2. 卷面满分100分，考试时间90分钟。 3. 试题答案一律在答题纸上作答，在试卷上作答无效。 Ⅰ. 听力理解（共三节，27分） （一）听后选择（共14小题；每小题1.5分，共21分） 第一节，听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项。听对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 2 What time does the TV series begin? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00. 3. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In a shop. B. In a bank. C. In a restaurant. 4. How would the man like to make the trip? A. By air. B. By car. C. On foot. 第二节，听下面五段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第5至第6小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 5. What test are the speakers going to take on Friday? A. Science. B. History. C. Music. 6. Why does the woman speaker make the phone call? A. To discuss her maths problems. B. To seek help with her English reading. C. To ask about the homework for tomorrow. 听下面一段对话，回答第7至第8小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 7. What does the man think is the cause of the woman’s illness? A. Last night’s dinner. B. The hot weather. C. Bottled water. 8. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Guest and receptionist. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第10小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 9. What is the man doing? A. Making an invitation. B. Offering information. C. Asking for permission. 10 What time is the woman going to see the dentist this Saturday? A. 10:30 am. B. 12:30 pm. C. 4:30 pm. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第12小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 11. What is the attitude of the woman? A. Very cooperative. B. Very surprised. C. Very angry. 12. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Checking out some facts. B. Complaining of the noise. C. Asking some questions. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第14小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 13. How many people died on the road in South Africa every year? A. Nearly 1, 300. B. Nearly 400. C. Nearly 14, 000. 14. What does Gary Ronal think a government should do next? A. Ban drunk driving. B. Educate the general public. C. Teach road safety at school. （二）听后记录（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分） 听两遍短文，根据所听内容和提示，将所缺的关键信息填写在相应的位置上，每空只需填写一个词。现在，你有1分钟的时间浏览提示信息。 An Introduction to Forest Adventure Way to get to the houses Driving over the 15 , walking or cycling. Place to hire a bike Bicycle store Things for fun ·At the east end of the lake: swimming pools and shops. ·At the west end of the lake: 16 and skateboarding areas. ·On the island: a barbecue 17 a week. ·Through the forest: a(n) 18 walk. II. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One Mother to Another On Wednesday evening, our daughter, who was at a boarding school over 200 kilometers away, told us that she had lost her phone when she took part in an activity off campus. We realized that we had little chance of finding it. The next morning, my phone beeped (哔哔响) loudly. A kind voice announced that she had something that belonged to my daughter. I ___1___ that I lived a three-hour drive away, and told her I would ask a friend to fetch the phone. My daughter had written my number on the inside of her phone’s case — good thinking! After contacting the people I know who lived near the school, I was out of ___2___ — no one could go and ___3___ the phone, not surprisingly as it was the working day and everyone was busy. I decided to ask the lady to post the phone to my daughter. But when I sent her a text to ask if this would be OK, she replied, “We will ___4___ it and we’re going to drive down to the boarding school tonight.” To my ___5___, this wonderful couple, who had already spent a busy day at work, was making a round trip on the night, ___6___ for returning a phone to a complete stranger. How touching it was! I gave them directions and they ___7___ the phone into the hands of my daughter at her boarding house. The only word of an explanation was, “I’ve got children of my own, and I know how a mother ___8___.” We had thought that the chance of getting back the phone was ___9___, but we got it back in such a short time. It was a wonderful reminder of the good in the world and how the actions of one person can _____10_____ the world to another. 1. A. suggested B. reported C. explained D. argued 2. A. date B. luck C. work D. control 3. A. pick up B. carry out C. hand in D. give away 4. A. find B. show C. miss D. take 5. A. regret B. surprise C. amusement D. disappointment 6. A. especially B. certainly C. definitely D. probably 7. A. conducted B. arranged C. delivered D. identified 8. A. doubts B. interests C. predicts D. worries 9. A. free B. slim C. hard D. fair 10. A. tell B. face C. mean D. join Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Stories Behind Famous Company Names Inventor Caleb Bradham had originally wanted to be a doctor but started working in a pharmacy when he returned home to North Carolina. In 1893, he made up what he first called “Brad’s Drink,” a mix of water, sugar, caramel, lemon oil, nutmeg, and other flavors. Five years later, he renamed it Pepsi-Cola. He claimed the drink could help with digestion(消化), or dyspepsia, the term from which Bradham adapted the name Pepsi. This luxury car maker combined elements from the Ford and Oldsmobile companies when it was started in 1902 and later became known for its innovation and high quality. The company was named after the French explorer Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac, who founded the city of Detroit in 1701. Company co-founder Gordon Bowker has said that while brainstorming names, someone brought out a map that featured the old mining town of Starbo. That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville’s famous novel, Moby Dick. Not only the company name but also the origin of its logo has aroused great curiosity. The inventor of Rolex, Hans Wilsdorf, was looking to make an elegant, yet precise, wristwatch. He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches. He settled on Rolex in 1908. 11. Which company name has a close relationship with literature? A. Pepsi B. Cadillac C. Starbucks D. Rolex 12. Which of the following statements is True? A. Caleb Bradham aimed to cure dyspepsia with Pepsi. B. Hans Wilsdorf intended Rolex to be universally accepted. C. Cadillac was named after the founding father of the company. D. Starbucks was used due to the co-founder’s love for his hometown. 13. From the passage, we can learn that . A. a famous company name is easy to spell B. a special story can make a company famous C. a company name usually has a special meaning in it D. a company name is related to the founder’s profession B When I was small, my mother and I would walk to our local library in Franklin Square. As we didn’t always have access to a reliable car, walking hand in hand was the most convenient way to get anywhere. It was at story time for children that both my mother and I made lasting friendships. Today, I am fortunate to live around the corner from the Cold Coast Public Library in Glen Head and a short walk to the Sea Cliff Children’s Library. My 8-month-old son, Colin, and I find ourselves in Sea Cliff several times a week, meeting and making friends. Well, that is what many people don’t understand—a library is more than books; it’s a community. Sure, the library in Franklin Square was the place where I was introduced to Judy Blume novels. But it was also the place where I got my first email address in 1997. At the library, friends and I learned how to research colleges and search for scholarships on the Internet. The library was the place where we sometimes giggled (咯咯笑) too loudly, and where the librarians knew us by name. Their knowing our names wasn’t a bad thing. When I came home from my first term at Binghamton University, Mary LaRosa, the librarian at the Franklin Square library, offered me my first teaching job. I now teach reading at Nassau Community College. My students are often amazed that they can check out books via their smartphones and virtually (虚拟地) visit a variety of Long Island libraries. The app used by Nassau and Suffolk county public libraries, as well as the college library, makes their homework easier by helping them find resources. Even though they can’t always easily visit their local libraries, the library is always with them. 14. Why does the author consider herself lucky today? A. She can walk with her mother hand in hand. B. She has access to a reliable car now. C. She can giggle loudly at the library. D. She lives close to libraries. 15. The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to . A. socializing in a library B. reading books in a library C. visiting a library with family members D. building parent-child friendship in a library 16. What is the author’s attitude to her students’ way of visiting libraries? A. Sympathetic. B. Favorable. C. Sceptical. D. Disapproving. 17. The author writes the passage mainly to . A. recall the days of childhood in the libraries B. discuss the differences of the libraries C. explain the changes of the libraries D. express her love for libraries C In some islands north of Scotland, head lice, which live on the hair or skin of people or animals, were a part of life. If the lice left their host, he became sick and feverish. Therefore, sick people had lice put in their hair intentionally. There was a method to their madness: As soon as the lice had settled in again, the patient improved. The story explains the confusion of cause and effect. If the lice leave the sick, it is because he has a fever and they simply get hot feet. When the fever breaks, they return. We may laugh at this story, but false causality misleads us practically every day. Consider the headline: “Fact: Women Who Use Shampoo XYZ Every Day Have Stronger Hair.” This statement says very little — least of all, that the shampoo makes your hair stronger. It might simply be the other way round: Women with strong hair tend to use Shampoo XYZ — and perhaps that’s because it says “especially for thick hair” on the bottle. A further example: Scientists found that long periods in the hospital did harm to patients. This was music to health insurers’ ears, who, of course, are keen to make stays as brief as possible. But, clearly, patients who are dismissed immediately are healthier than those who must stay on for treatment. Recently I read that students get better grades at school if their homes contain a lot of books. This study was surely a shot in the arm for booksellers but it is also an example of false causality. This simple truth is that educated parents tend to value their children’s education more than uneducated ones do. Plus, educated parents often have more books at home. In short, a dust-covered copy of War and Peace alone isn’t going to influence anyone’s grades; what counts is parents’ education levels, as well as their genes. Another example of false causality was the supposed relationship between the birth rate and the numbers of stork (鹳) pairs in Germany. Both were in decline, and if you plot them on a graph, the two lines of development from 1965 to 1987 appeared almost the same. Does this mean the stork actually does bring babies? Obviously not, since this was a purely accidental connection. In conclusion: Connection is not causality. Take a closer look at linked events: Sometimes what is presented as the cause turns out to be the effect, or just the other way around. And sometimes there is no link at all — just like with the storks and babies. 18. Which is an example of false causality? A Women with strong hair tend to use a certain shampoo. B. Birth rate and the stork population are connected. C. Longer periods in the hospital benefit patients. D. Lice can make a person sick and feverish. 19. The underlined phrase “a shot in the arm” in Paragraph 4 means ______. A. pain B. defeat C. guidance D. encouragement 20. According to the author, students get better grades probably because ______. A. their homes are full of books B. they have read War and Peace C. their educated parents value education D. their parents are successful booksellers 21. It can be concluded from the passage that ______. A. connections are pure accidents B. cause and effect are interdependent C. connections are mostly cause and effect D. linked events may turn out to be unrelated D Would you rather be an impressive employee in an ordinary firm, or land a role at the most well-known company in your industry? The answer to that question might seem highly personal, based on factors like whether or not you are a competitive person and how much you enjoy a challenge. In fact, there’s another strong factor at play: People from different cultures react very differently to that question. The psychologists from the University of Michigan asked people theoretical questions about the decisions they take. Specifically, the researchers compared people with East Asian backgrounds and European American backgrounds. They found that Americans are much more likely to favor being a big fish in a small pond. East Asians, and specifically Chinese people, are much more likely than Americans to lean towards being a smaller fish in a bigger pond. Researchers first asked 270 students at a large American university whether they would rather be a “big fish in a small pond” or the opposite. Of the students with East Asian American backgrounds, three quarters said they’d rather be a small fish, compared with just under 60% of students with European American backgrounds who said the same. The researchers then compared American and Chinese adults. They asked the participants whether they would rather attend a top university but perform below average, and whether they would rather work for a top global company but do less well in comparison to their peers. Over half the Chinese adults chose the famous university, compared with just a third of Americans. In the case of the firms, well over half of people from both groups chose to do better at a less well-known firm, but Chinese people were still more likely to choose being a “small fish” than were Americans. The final experiment sought to discover how American and Chinese people made judgments about whether they were succeeding. They found that Chinese people were more likely to compare their performance to the performance of people in other groups. Americans, meanwhile, were more likely to compare themselves to people within the same group, to judge whether or not they were doing well. In East Asian cultures, it’s “not enough that you know you’re doing well in your school,” said Kaidi Wu, a PhD student in psychology who led the research. “It is much more important that other people — an outsider, a family relative, a future employer who has five seconds to glance through your resume — also recognize your academic excellence.” America is the opposite: “Think about how many times themes like ‘You are your own person’ or ‘Stop worrying about what other people think’ course through song lyrics and self-help books,” Wu said, concluding: “The choices we make are the products of our culture.” 22. The psychologists from the University of Michigan find that ______. A. Americans tend to achieve success in a big company B. Chinese are likely to perform better in a big company C. Americans prefer to shine in a relatively small company D. Chinese are comfortable with working in a small company 23. The final experiment aims to ______. A. compare different attitudes towards competition B. find different views about personal success C. judge performances of different groups D. confirm which culture is better 24. A Chinese student will be more satisfied if he gains recognition from ______. A his neighbors B. his classmates C. his teachers D. his parents 25. According to Kaidi Wu, culture ______. A. plays a key role in people’s choice making B. shows who we grow up to be in the future C. is the most important factor behind success D. determines students’ academic performance 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Smartphone Adds to Your Weight Using a smartphone at mealtimes can lead to an expanding waistline. Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15% more calories when looking at their phones while eating. ____26____ The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract (分心) dinners from how much food and what they are actually eating. “It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,” said researchers who filmed 62 volunteers eating alone. The volunteers, aged 18 to 28, were divided in to three groups and invited to help themselves to a choice of food — ranging from healthy options to soft drinks and chocolate — until they were satisfied. ____27____ On average, the volunteers ate 535 calories without the distraction of a smartphone but 591 when using a mobile. Those in the sample who were classed as overweight ate 616 calories while using their phones. When in possession of their mobiles, the volunteers also consumed 10 percent more fatty foods. ____28____ “Smartphone use during a meal increased calorie and fat intake,” said Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimoa, a lead author of the study — carried out at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil and University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands. He added: “Tablets and smartphones have become the main ‘distracters’ during meals, even early in childhood. ____29____A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food accepted.”____30____ A more detailed analysis can be found in the journal. A. They also eat more fatty food. B. They also ate more when reading a magazine. C. Distracted or hurried eating can add to weight gain. D. The study is published in Physiology And Behavior. E. It is important to pay attention to how this may impact food intakes. F. Hunger isn’t the only thing that influences how much we eat during the day. G. They were recorded eating with no distractions, using a smartphone or reading a magazine. IV. 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Frederick Law Olmsted was born on April 26, 1822, and grew to become nineteenth-century America's number one landscape architect. To create the new park, partners and Olmsted removed nearly 5 million cubic yards of dirt, ___31___ (blow) up rock with 260 tons of gunpowder, and planted 270,000 trees and shrubs.___32___ (work) well into his seventies, Olmsted designed more parks and even an entire Chicago suburb, Riverside. Despite the bad eyesight, Olmsted led ___33___ (he) to create such beautiful places. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 ___34___was needed was to make students aware of their learning process. On the surface, a class being taught by PEEL methods only differs from an ordinary class in being a little ___35___(noisy), because more people are talking. But there are some meaningful changes. Students ___36___(give) much more time to express their views, and teachers don't make immediate judgment. The students are allowed ___37___ (decide) what is done in class and their own ideas are always respected. This draws their attention to the actual learning process, and they become responsible for their own progress. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Lydia gave all the money to some charities which help the children ____38____ parents are dead. She had worked there as a volunteer ____39____ the past three years. “I first visited the orphanage (孤儿院) when I was seven, and I felt very sad by what I saw.” However, some of her friends at university thought that maybe she ____40____ (make) the wrong decision. But she knew it was the right thing to do. V. 阅读表达（共4小题；第62、63题各1分，第64题2分，第65题4分，共8分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 How AI Will Impact the Future of Work and Life AI, or artificial intelligence, seems to be on the tip of everyone’s tongue these days. While I’ve been aware of this major trend in tech development for a while, I’ve noticed AI appearing more and more as one of the most in-demand areas of expertise for job seekers. I’m sure that for many of us, the term “AI” conjures up sci-fi fantasies or fear about robots taking over the world. The depictions of AI in the media have run the gamut, and while no one can predict exactly how it will evolve in the future, the current trends and developments paint a much different picture of how AI will become part of our lives. In reality, AI is already at work all around us, impacting everything from our search results, to our online dating prospects, to the way we shop. Data shows that the use of AI in many sectors of business has grown by 270% over the last four years. But what will AI mean for the future of work? As computers and technology have evolved, this has been one of the most pressing questions. As with many technological developments throughout history, the advancement of artificial intelligence has created fears that human workers will become obsolete. The reality is probably a lot less dire, but maybe even more complicated. What is AI? Before we do a deep dive on the ways in which AI will impact the future of work, it’s important to start simple: what is AI? A straightforward definition from Britannica states that artificial intelligence is “the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.” “AI” has become a catchall term to describe any advancements in computing, systems and technology in which computer programs can perform tasks or solve problems that require the kind of reason we associate with human intelligence, even learning from past processes. This ability to learn is a key component of AI. Algorithms, like the dreaded Facebook algorithm that replaced all our friends with sponsored content, are often associated with AI. AI will probably not make human workers obsolete, at least not for a long time. 41. According to the passage, what is “AI”? ________________ 42. How does AI affect our life? ________________ 43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. No one can predict exactly how AI will develop in the future, and the key component of it has not been found. ________________ 44. Will AI replace the jobs of humans in the future? Please give your reasons. (In about 40 words) ________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京市第六十六中学2023—2024学年第二学期第三次质量检测 高二英语 2024.06 试卷说明： 1. 本试卷共五道大题，共9页。 2. 卷面满分100分，考试时间90分钟。 3. 试题答案一律在答题纸上作答，在试卷上作答无效。 Ⅰ. 听力理解（共三节，27分） （一）听后选择（共14小题；每小题1.5分，共21分） 第一节，听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项。听对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Classmates. 2. What time does the TV series begin? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 9:00. 3. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In a shop. B. In a bank. C. In a restaurant. 4. How would the man like to make the trip? A. By air. B. By car. C. On foot. 第二节，听下面五段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第5至第6小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 5. What test are the speakers going to take on Friday? A. Science. B. History. C. Music. 6. Why does the woman speaker make the phone call? A. To discuss her maths problems. B. To seek help with her English reading. C. To ask about the homework for tomorrow. 听下面一段对话，回答第7至第8小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 7. What does the man think is the cause of the woman’s illness? A. Last night’s dinner. B. The hot weather. C. Bottled water. 8. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Doctor and patient. C. Guest and receptionist. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第10小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 9. What is the man doing? A. Making an invitation. B. Offering information. C. Asking for permission. 10. What time is the woman going to see the dentist this Saturday? A. 10:30 am. B. 12:30 pm. C. 4:30 pm. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第12小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 11. What is the attitude of the woman? A. Very cooperative. B. Very surprised. C. Very angry. 12. What is the conversation mainly about? A Checking out some facts. B. Complaining of the noise. C. Asking some questions. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第14小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两道小题。 13. How many people died on the road in South Africa every year? A. Nearly 1, 300. B. Nearly 400. C. Nearly 14, 000. 14. What does Gary Ronal think a government should do next? A Ban drunk driving. B. Educate the general public. C. Teach road safety at school. （二）听后记录（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分） 听两遍短文，根据所听内容和提示，将所缺的关键信息填写在相应的位置上，每空只需填写一个词。现在，你有1分钟的时间浏览提示信息。 An Introduction to Forest Adventure Way to get to the houses Driving over the 15 , walking or cycling. Place to hire a bike Bicycle store Things for fun ·At the east end of the lake: swimming pools and shops. ·At the west end of the lake: 16 and skateboarding areas. ·On the island: a barbecue 17 a week. ·Through the forest: a(n) 18 walk. II. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 One Mother to Another On Wednesday evening, our daughter, who was at a boarding school over 200 kilometers away, told us that she had lost her phone when she took part in an activity off campus. We realized that we had little chance of finding it. The next morning, my phone beeped (哔哔响) loudly. A kind voice announced that she had something that belonged to my daughter. I ___1___ that I lived a three-hour drive away, and told her I would ask a friend to fetch the phone. My daughter had written my number on the inside of her phone’s case — good thinking! After contacting the people I know who lived near the school, I was out of ___2___ — no one could go and ___3___ the phone, not surprisingly as it was the working day and everyone was busy. I decided to ask the lady to post the phone to my daughter. But when I sent her a text to ask if this would be OK, she replied, “We will ___4___ it and we’re going to drive down to the boarding school tonight.” To my ___5___, this wonderful couple, who had already spent a busy day at work, was making a round trip on the night, ___6___ for returning a phone to a complete stranger. How touching it was! I gave them directions and they ___7___ the phone into the hands of my daughter at her boarding house. The only word of an explanation was, “I’ve got children of my own, and I know how a mother ___8___.” We had thought that the chance of getting back the phone was ___9___, but we got it back in such a short time. It was a wonderful reminder of the good in the world and how the actions of one person can _____10_____ the world to another. 1. A. suggested B. reported C. explained D. argued 2. A. date B. luck C. work D. control 3. A. pick up B. carry out C. hand in D. give away 4. A. find B. show C. miss D. take 5. A. regret B. surprise C. amusement D. disappointment 6. A. especially B. certainly C. definitely D. probably 7. A. conducted B. arranged C. delivered D. identified 8. A. doubts B. interests C. predicts D. worries 9. A. free B. slim C. hard D. fair 10. A. tell B. face C. mean D. join 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了远在寄宿学校的女儿丢了手机，一对好心的陌生夫妇特地来回奔波给她送手机的事情。作者从此事中感受到，人的善行能够影响到别人。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我解释道我住在三小时的车程开外，并且告诉她我会让一个朋友去拿这个手机。A. suggested建议；B. reported报道；C. explained解释；D. argued争论。根据语境可知，此处母亲“我”接到来自对方的电话，应该是与对方解释自己路程较远。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在联系了住在学校附近的熟人后，我很不走运——没人能去接电话，这并不奇怪，因为那天是工作日，大家都很忙。A. date日期，B. luck运气；C. work工作；D. control控制。根据下文“not surprisingly as it was the working day and everyone was busy”推测，因为那天是工作日，大家都很忙，“我”并没有找到可以拿手机的人，应该是不走运的。out of luck“不走运的”。故选B项。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. pick up捡起，获得；B. carry out执行；C. hand in上交；D. give away捐赠。根据上文语境可知，此处“我”找不到可以拿手机的人，pick up the phone“拿手机”，符合题意。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我给她发短信问她这样行不行时，她回答：“我们将会带上它，并且我们今天晚上将会开车去寄宿学校。”A. find找到；B. show展示；C. miss错过，想念；D. take带。根据下文“drive down to the boarding school”判断，陌生人应该是要带上手机去找“我”的女儿，将手机还给她。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我惊讶的是，这对完美的夫妇，已经忙了一天的工作，却要在晚上来回奔波，尤其是为了把手机还给一个完全陌生的人。A. regret遗憾；B. surprise惊讶；C. amusement娱乐；D. disappointment失望。根据本句句意推测，“我”应该对于这对陌生夫妇的表现非常吃惊。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. especially尤其；B. certainly当然；C. definitely肯定。根据语境判断，“我”认为陌生夫妇的行为是让人惊讶的，尤其是为了陌生人。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给了他们方向，他们将手机递到了在公寓里的我女儿的手上。A. conducted执行；B. arranged安排；C. delivered递送；D. identified识别。根据上文可知，此处陌生夫妇将手机送到了“我”的女儿的手上。故选C项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有我自己的孩子，我知道一个妈妈有多担心。A. doubts怀疑；B. interests感兴趣；C. predicts预测；D. worries担心。根据“I’ve got my children of my own”可知，这位送手机的也是一位母亲，也能体会到作为一个母亲的担心。故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们原以为拿回手机的机会很渺茫，但是我们在这么短的时间内就把它拿了回来。A. free空闲的；B. slim小的，少的；C. hard困难的；D. fair公平的。根据后半句句意推测，原来对于拿回手机这件事已经不抱希望了，即希望很小。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它很好地提醒我们世界上有善，并且一个人的行为对另一个人意味着整个世界。A. tell告诉；B. face面对；C. mean意味；D. join加入。根据语境判断，“我”从陌生夫妇的行为中知道了人的善行对于另外一个人的影响是如此之大，mean the world to another“对另外一个人意味着世界”，符合语境。故选C项。 Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Stories Behind Famous Company Names Inventor Caleb Bradham had originally wanted to be a doctor but started working in a pharmacy when he returned home to North Carolina. In 1893, he made up what he first called “Brad’s Drink,” a mix of water, sugar, caramel, lemon oil, nutmeg, and other flavors. Five years later, he renamed it Pepsi-Cola. He claimed the drink could help with digestion(消化), or dyspepsia, the term from which Bradham adapted the name Pepsi. This luxury car maker combined elements from the Ford and Oldsmobile companies when it was started in 1902 and later became known for its innovation and high quality. The company was named after the French explorer Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac, who founded the city of Detroit in 1701. Company co-founder Gordon Bowker has said that while brainstorming names, someone brought out a map that featured the old mining town of Starbo. That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville’s famous novel, Moby Dick. Not only the company name but also the origin of its logo has aroused great curiosity. The inventor of Rolex, Hans Wilsdorf, was looking to make an elegant, yet precise, wristwatch. He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches. He settled on Rolex in 1908. 11. Which company name has a close relationship with literature? A. Pepsi B. Cadillac C. Starbucks D. Rolex 12. Which of the following statements is True? A. Caleb Bradham aimed to cure dyspepsia with Pepsi. B. Hans Wilsdorf intended Rolex to be universally accepted. C. Cadillac was named after the founding father of the company. D. Starbucks was used due to the co-founder’s love for his hometown. 13. From the passage we can learn that . A. a famous company name is easy to spell B. a special story can make a company famous C. a company name usually has a special meaning in it D. a company name is related to the founder’s profession 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 【解析】 【分析】这是说明文。文章主要介绍了4所著名公司名字背后的故事。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。由Starbucks介绍中的第二句“That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville’s famous novel, Moby Dick.”可知，那可能让他想起了赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的著作《白鲸记》中的第一个大副Starbuck。由此可见Starbuck的名字和文学作品有关。结合选项可知，选项C正确。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由Rolex介绍中的第二句“He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches.”可知，他想要一个容易说，能用不同语言表示，并且在手表上看起来不错的名字。由此可见，Hans Wilsdorf想要的名字应该是让人容易说，不同语言也可以表示它 ，这样人们才能广泛地接受。结合选项可知，选项B正确。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。由全文内容可知，Pepsi介绍中的最后一句“He claimed the drink could help with digestion(消化), or dyspepsia, the term from which Bradham adapted the name Pepsi.”，表示的是他声称这款饮料能帮助消化或者消化不良，从这个术语Bradham改编了这个名字Pepsi。Cadillac介绍中的最后一句“The company was named after the French explorer Antoine Laumet de la Mothe Cadillac, who founded the city of Detroit in 1701.”表示的是这个公司是以法国探险家Antonie Laumet De La Mothe Cadillac命名的，这位探险家在1701年发现了底特律市。Starbucks介绍中的第二句“That may have led him to think of Starbuck, the first mate in Herman Melville’s famous novel, Moby Dick.”表示的是那可能让他想起了赫尔曼·麦尔维尔的著作《白鲸记》中的第一个大副Starbuck。Rolex介绍中的第二句“He wanted a name that was easy to say, worked in different languages, and looked good on the watches.”表示的是他想要一个容易说，能用不同语言表示，并且在手表上看起来不错的名字。由此可见，四家公司的名字都有它的故事和意义，所以公司的名字通常有一个特殊的意义。结合选项可知，选项C正确。 B When I was small, my mother and I would walk to our local library in Franklin Square. As we didn’t always have access to a reliable car, walking hand in hand was the most convenient way to get anywhere. It was at story time for children that both my mother and I made lasting friendships. Today, I am fortunate to live around the corner from the Cold Coast Public Library in Glen Head and a short walk to the Sea Cliff Children’s Library. My 8-month-old son, Colin, and I find ourselves in Sea Cliff several times a week, meeting and making friends. Well, that is what many people don’t understand—a library is more than books; it’s a community. Sure, the library in Franklin Square was the place where I was introduced to Judy Blume novels. But it was also the place where I got my first email address in 1997. At the library, friends and I learned how to research colleges and search for scholarships on the Internet. The library was the place where we sometimes giggled (咯咯笑) too loudly, and where the librarians knew us by name. Their knowing our names wasn’t a bad thing. When I came home from my first term at Binghamton University, Mary LaRosa, the librarian at the Franklin Square library, offered me my first teaching job. I now teach reading at Nassau Community College. My students are often amazed that they can check out books via their smartphones and virtually (虚拟地) visit a variety of Long Island libraries. The app used by Nassau and Suffolk county public libraries, as well as the college library, makes their homework easier by helping them find resources. Even though they can’t always easily visit their local libraries, the library is always with them. 14. Why does the author consider herself lucky today? A. She can walk with her mother hand in hand. B. She has access to a reliable car now. C. She can giggle loudly at the library. D. She lives close to libraries. 15. The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to . A. socializing in a library B. reading books in a library C. visiting a library with family members D. building parent-child friendship in a library 16. What is the author’s attitude to her students’ way of visiting libraries? A Sympathetic. B. Favorable. C. Sceptical. D. Disapproving. 17. The author writes the passage mainly to . A. recall the days of childhood in the libraries B. discuss the differences of the libraries C. explain the changes of the libraries D. express her love for libraries 【答案】14. D 15. A 16. B 17. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者通过陈诉自己的经历，表达出对图书馆的热爱。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第2段Today, I am fortunate to live around the corner from the Cold Coast Public Library in Glen Head and a short walk to the Sea Cliff Children’s Library可知，作者住的地方离两家图书馆都很近。故选D项。 【15题详解】 词义猜测题。根据that前面的内容可知，作者和他儿子每周都会去几趟图书馆，在那里和朋友见面以及交朋友。在that后的文章中，作者觉得图书馆不仅仅是书的地方而且还是个社区。综合分析，that指代在图书馆社交。故选A项。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者对学生们通过手机查看图书馆里头的书籍表示惊讶。且最后表示，尽管他们不能总是轻松地访问当地的图书馆，但图书馆总是与他们同在。综合分析，作者对学生访问图书馆的方式持支持态度。故选B项。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。分析全文，文章一开始回忆了作者小时候常和她的母亲经常去图书馆以及读大学期间在图书馆的一些体验。同时，作者认为她很幸运因为图书馆离家很近。且在作者看来，图书馆不仅仅是书。这是一个社区。通篇都在表达作者对图书馆的爱。故选D项。 C In some islands north of Scotland, head lice, which live on the hair or skin of people or animals, were a part of life. If the lice left their host, he became sick and feverish. Therefore, sick people had lice put in their hair intentionally. There was a method to their madness: As soon as the lice had settled in again, the patient improved. The story explains the confusion of cause and effect. If the lice leave the sick, it is because he has a fever and they simply get hot feet. When the fever breaks, they return. We may laugh at this story, but false causality misleads us practically every day. Consider the headline: “Fact: Women Who Use Shampoo XYZ Every Day Have Stronger Hair.” This statement says very little — least of all, that the shampoo makes your hair stronger. It might simply be the other way round: Women with strong hair tend to use Shampoo XYZ — and perhaps that’s because it says “especially for thick hair” on the bottle. A further example: Scientists found that long periods in the hospital did harm to patients. This was music to health insurers’ ears, who, of course, are keen to make stays as brief as possible. But, clearly, patients who are dismissed immediately are healthier than those who must stay on for treatment. Recently I read that students get better grades at school if their homes contain a lot of books. This study was surely a shot in the arm for booksellers, but it is also an example of false causality. This simple truth is that educated parents tend to value their children’s education more than uneducated ones do. Plus, educated parents often have more books at home. In short, a dust-covered copy of War and Peace alone isn’t going to influence anyone’s grades; what counts is parents’ education levels, as well as their genes. Another example of false causality was the supposed relationship between the birth rate and the numbers of stork (鹳) pairs in Germany. Both were in decline, and if you plot them on a graph, the two lines of development from 1965 to 1987 appeared almost the same. Does this mean the stork actually does bring babies? Obviously not, since this was a purely accidental connection. In conclusion: Connection is not causality. Take a closer look at linked events: Sometimes what is presented as the cause turns out to be the effect, or just the other way around. And sometimes there is no link at all — just like with the storks and babies. 18. Which is an example of false causality? A. Women with strong hair tend to use a certain shampoo. B. Birth rate and the stork population are connected. C. Longer periods in the hospital benefit patients. D. Lice can make a person sick and feverish. 19. The underlined phrase “a shot in the arm” in Paragraph 4 means ______. A. pain B. defeat C. guidance D. encouragement 20. According to the author, students get better grades probably because ______. A. their homes are full of books B. they have read War and Peace C. their educated parents value education D. their parents are successful booksellers 21. It can be concluded from the passage that ______. A. connections are pure accidents B. cause and effect are interdependent C. connections are mostly cause and effect D. linked events may turn out to be unrelated 【答案】18. B 19. D 20. C 21. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文，主要讨论了错误因果关系（false causality）的概念，并通过多个例子来说明人们如何容易受到错误因果关系的影响。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Obviously not, since this was a purely accidental connection. (显然不是，因为这只是一次纯属偶然的联系。)”可知，作者并不认为出生率和鹳的数量之间有因果关系。故选B项。 【19题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Recently I read that students get better grades at school if their homes contain a lot of books. (最近我读到，如果学生的家中有很多书，他们在学校就会取得更好的成绩。)”可知，书越多孩子成绩越好，这对各出版商来说是很好的事情，也就是一种鼓励或激励，故选D项。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“This simple truth is that educated parents tend to value their children’s education more than uneducated ones do. (这个简单的事实是，受过教育的父母往往比没有受过教育的父母更重视他们孩子的教育。)”，作者认为学生在学校获得更好的成绩可能是因为他们的父母受过教育，重视教育，并且家里有很多书。这表明教育水平和家庭环境对学生的学业成绩有重要影响。故选C项。 【21题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In conclusion: Connection is not causality. Take a closer look at linked events: Sometimes what is presented as the cause turns out to be the effect, or just the other way around. And sometimes there is no link at all—just like with the storks and babies. (总之：关联不等于因果。仔细看看那些被联系起来的事件：有时候被呈现为原因的实际上可能是结果，或者恰恰相反。有时候根本就没有联系——就像鹳和婴儿的情况一样。)”可知，连接不一定意味着因果关系，有时候所谓的原因可能是结果，或者两者之间根本没有联系。故选D项。 D Would you rather be an impressive employee in an ordinary firm, or land a role at the most well-known company in your industry? The answer to that question might seem highly personal, based on factors like whether or not you are a competitive person and how much you enjoy a challenge. In fact, there’s another strong factor at play: People from different cultures react very differently to that question. The psychologists from the University of Michigan asked people theoretical questions about the decisions they take. Specifically, the researchers compared people with East Asian backgrounds and European American backgrounds. They found that Americans are much more likely to favor being a big fish in a small pond. East Asians, and specifically Chinese people, are much more likely than Americans to lean towards being a smaller fish in a bigger pond. Researchers first asked 270 students at a large American university whether they would rather be a “big fish in a small pond” or the opposite. Of the students with East Asian American backgrounds, three quarters said they’d rather be a small fish, compared with just under 60% of students with European American backgrounds who said the same. The researchers then compared American and Chinese adults. They asked the participants whether they would rather attend a top university but perform below average, and whether they would rather work for a top global company but do less well in comparison to their peers. Over half the Chinese adults chose the famous university, compared with just a third of Americans. In the case of the firms, well over half of people from both groups chose to do better at a less well-known firm, but Chinese people were still more likely to choose being a “small fish” than were Americans. The final experiment sought to discover how American and Chinese people made judgments about whether they were succeeding. They found that Chinese people were more likely to compare their performance to the performance of people in other groups. Americans, meanwhile, were more likely to compare themselves to people within the same group, to judge whether or not they were doing well. In East Asian cultures, it’s “not enough that you know you’re doing well in your school,” said Kaidi Wu, a PhD student in psychology who led the research. “It is much more important that other people — an outsider, a family relative, a future employer who has five seconds to glance through your resume — also recognize your academic excellence.” America is the opposite: “Think about how many times themes like ‘You are your own person’ or ‘Stop worrying about what other people think’ course through song lyrics and self-help books,” Wu said, concluding: “The choices we make are the products of our culture.” 22. The psychologists from the University of Michigan find that ______. A. Americans tend to achieve success in a big company B. Chinese are likely to perform better in a big company C. Americans prefer to shine in a relatively small company D. Chinese are comfortable with working in a small company 23. The final experiment aims to ______. A. compare different attitudes towards competition B. find different views about personal success C. judge performances of different groups D. confirm which culture is better 24. A Chinese student will be more satisfied if he gains recognition from ______. A. his neighbors B. his classmates C. his teachers D. his parents 25. According to Kaidi Wu, culture ______. A. plays a key role in people’s choice making B. shows who we grow up to be in the future C. is the most important factor behind success D. determines students’ academic performance 【答案】22. C 23. B 24. A 25. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨了不同文化背景下人们对职业选择的偏好差异，以及这些差异背后的文化因素。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They found that Americans are much more likely to favor being a big fish in a small pond. East Asians, and specifically Chinese people, are much more likely than Americans to lean towards being a smaller fish in a bigger pond. (他们发现美国人更倾向于在较小的公司中成为杰出员工，而东亚人，特别是中国人，更倾向于在更大的公司中成为普通员工。)”可知，美国人更喜欢在小公司里工作，故选C项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The final experiment sought to discover how American and Chinese people made judgments about whether they were succeeding. (最后一项实验的目的是探索美国人和中国人如何判断自己是否成功。)”可知，研究发现，中国人更倾向于将自己的表现与其他人的表现进行比较，而美国人则更倾向于与同一组人比较。故选B项。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“It is much more important that other people—an outsider, a family relative, a future employer who has five seconds to glance through your resume—also recognize your academic excellence. (更重要的是其他人——一个外人、家庭成员、只有五秒钟时间浏览你简历的未来雇主——也能认识到你的学术卓越。)”可知，从外人身上得到认可更重要，所以邻居是正确的，故选A项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The choices we make are the products of our culture. (我们的选择是我们文化的产物。)”可知，文化在人们的决策过程中起着关键作用。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Smartphone Adds to Your Weight Using a smartphone at mealtimes can lead to an expanding waistline. Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15% more calories when looking at their phones while eating. ____26____ The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract (分心) dinners from how much food and what they are actually eating. “It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,” said researchers who filmed 62 volunteers eating alone. The volunteers, aged 18 to 28, were divided in to three groups and invited to help themselves to a choice of food — ranging from healthy options to soft drinks and chocolate — until they were satisfied. ____27____ On average, the volunteers ate 535 calories without the distraction of a smartphone but 591 when using a mobile. Those in the sample who were classed as overweight ate 616 calories while using their phones. When in possession of their mobiles, the volunteers also consumed 10 percent more fatty foods. ____28____ “Smartphone use during a meal increased calorie and fat intake,” said Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimoa, a lead author of the study — carried out at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil and University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands. He added: “Tablets and smartphones have become the main ‘distracters’ during meals, even early in childhood. ____29____A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food accepted.”____30____ A more detailed analysis can be found in the journal. A. They also eat more fatty food. B. They also ate more when reading a magazine. C. Distracted or hurried eating can add to weight gain. D. The study is published in Physiology And Behavior. E. It is important to pay attention to how this may impact food intakes. F. Hunger isn’t the only thing that influences how much we eat during the day. G. They were recorded eating with no distractions, using a smartphone or reading a magazine. 【答案】26. A 27. G 28. B 29. E 30. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍用餐期间使用手机会使人们分心，让大脑无法正确判断摄取的食物量，从而导致人们摄入更多的卡路里，增加体重。 【26题详解】 由上一句“Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15% more calories when looking at their phones while eating.”可知，研究者已经发现男人和女人吃饭的时候看着手机，会摄入15%更多的卡路里。选项A“They also eat more fatty food.”表示的是他们也吃更多的油腻食物，they指代的是上一句“men and women”，eat和上一句的“consumed”相呼应，more fatty food和上一句的“15% more calories”相呼应，选项A符合语境。故选A。 【27题详解】 由后一句“On average, the volunteers ate 535 calories without the distraction of a smartphone but 591 when using a mobile.”可知，平均下来，没有使用手机分心的志愿者摄入535卡路里，单数当使用手机的时候，摄入591卡路里。选项G“They were recorded eating with no distractions, using a smartphone or reading a magazine.”表示的是他们被按照没有分散物，使用手机或者读杂志进行记录食物摄入情况，“no distractions”和后一句的“without the distraction of a smartphone”相呼应，“using a smartphone”和后一句的“when using a mobile”相呼应，选项G符合语境。故选G。 【28题详解】 由前一句“When in possession of their mobiles, the volunteers also consumed 10 percent more fatty foods.”可知，当专有他们的手机时候，这些志愿者也会摄入10%更多的油腻食物。选项B“They also ate more when reading a magazine.”表示的是当读杂志的时候，他们也会吃的更多。They指代的前一句“the volunteers”，also ate more和前一句的“also consumed 10 percent more”相呼应，when reading a magazine和前一句的“When in possession of their mobiles”结构相呼应，选项B符合语境。故选B。 【29题详解】 由后一句“A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food accepted. ”可知，一个干扰物会阻止大脑正确地理解所摄取的食物数量。表示的是干扰物为什么会让人摄取更多食物。选项E“It is important to pay attention to how this may impact food intakes.”表示的是：关注这个干扰物可能是如何地影响食物摄取是非常重要的，由此可见，后一句是对选项E的解释说明。故选E。 【30题详解】 由后一句“A more detailed analysis can be found in the journal.”可知，一个更详细的分析可以在该杂志看到。选项D“The study is published in Physiology And Behavior.”表示的是这个研究在《生理学与行为》杂志上发表。后一句中的“the journal”指代的是选项D中的“Physiology And Behavior”。后一句的“can be found”和选项D中的“is published”相呼应，后一句的“A more detailed analysis”是对选项D中的“The study”具体说明，选项D符合语境。故选D。 IV. 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Frederick Law Olmsted was born on April 26, 1822, and grew to become nineteenth-century America's number one landscape architect. To create the new park, partners and Olmsted removed nearly 5 million cubic yards of dirt, ___31___ (blow) up rock with 260 tons of gunpowder, and planted 270,000 trees and shrubs.___32___ (work) well into his seventies, Olmsted designed more parks and even an entire Chicago suburb, Riverside. Despite the bad eyesight, Olmsted led ___33___ (he) to create such beautiful places. 【答案】31. blew 32. Working 33. himself 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文。介绍了19世纪美国首位景观设计师Frederick Law Olmsted，尽管视力不好，但他创造了许多公园。为了创造新公园，他与伙伴移除院子，炸毁石头，种植树木和灌木。 【31题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：为了设计这个新公园，Olmsted和伙伴移除了几乎五百万个充满烂泥的立方形的院子，用260吨火药炸毁了石头，并且种植了270000棵树和灌木。分析句子可知，blow与removed，planted作并列谓语，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填blew。 【32题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：七十多岁还能够好好工作，Olmsted设计了更多的公园，甚至整个芝加哥的河畔郊区。分析句子可知，句子的谓语是designed，work用非谓语动词形式作状语，work与逻辑主语Olmsted是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填Working。 【33题详解】 考查代词。句意：尽管视力不好，Olmsted还是让自己创造了这些美丽的地方。分析句子可知，主语和宾语指代同一人，宾语用反身代词。故填himself。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 ___34___was needed was to make students aware of their learning process. On the surface, a class being taught by PEEL methods only differs from an ordinary class in being a little ___35___(noisy), because more people are talking. But there are some meaningful changes. Students ___36___(give) much more time to express their views, and teachers don't make immediate judgment. The students are allowed ___37___ (decide) what is done in class and their own ideas are always respected. This draws their attention to the actual learning process, and they become responsible for their own progress. 【答案】34. What 35. noisier 36. are given 37. to decide 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。简要介绍了PEEL这种教学方法。 【34题详解】 考查主语从句连接词。句意：我们需要的是让学生意识到他们的学习过程。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，根据句意可知此处表示“什么”，因而用what，该词位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 【35题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：从表面上看，采用PEEL方法授课的班级与普通班级的不同之处在于噪音稍大，因为有更多的人在讲话。根据句意及后文中出现的比较级“more”可知，设空处也用比较级。故填noisier。 【36题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：学生有更多的时间表达自己的观点，而老师不会立即做出评价。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少谓语，动词give与主语Students之间是动宾关系，因而用被动语态be done，本句在陈述一般事实，因而用一般现在时，主语Students为复数，be动词也用复数形式。故填are given。 【37题详解】 考查不定式。句意：学生们可以决定在课堂上做什么，他们的想法总是受到尊重。be allowed to do表示“被允许做”，本句中缺少不定式to do。故填to decide。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Lydia gave all the money to some charities which help the children ____38____ parents are dead. She had worked there as a volunteer ____39____ the past three years. “I first visited the orphanage (孤儿院) when I was seven, and I felt very sad by what I saw.” However, some of her friends at university thought that maybe she ____40____ (make) the wrong decision. But she knew it was the right thing to do. 【答案】38. whose 39. for 40. had made 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 Lydia 在慈善机构照顾孤儿的故事，她已经做了三年，还会继续坚持下去。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Lydia 将所有的钱捐给了那些帮助那些父母双亡的孩子们的慈善机构。本句是个定语从句，先行词是children，在从句中充当定语，修饰parents，故填whose。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：她在过去三年里一直作为志愿者在那里工作。本句使用了过去完成时，横线后面有时间段three years，所以应该填入for 表示一段时间。故填for。 【40题详解】 考查过去完成时。句意：然而，她在大学的一些朋友认为她可能做出了错误的决定。本句是个宾语从句，主句使用了一般过去时，所以从句也必须使用过去时。根据句意，她已经做出了决定，发生在主句动作之前，属于过去的过去，也就是过去完成时，故填had made。 V. 阅读表达（共4小题；第62、63题各1分，第64题2分，第65题4分，共8分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 How AI Will Impact the Future of Work and Life AI, or artificial intelligence, seems to be on the tip of everyone’s tongue these days. While I’ve been aware of this major trend in tech development for a while, I’ve noticed AI appearing more and more as one of the most in-demand areas of expertise for job seekers. I’m sure that for many of us, the term “AI” conjures up sci-fi fantasies or fear about robots taking over the world. The depictions of AI in the media have run the gamut, and while no one can predict exactly how it will evolve in the future, the current trends and developments paint a much different picture of how AI will become part of our lives. In reality, AI is already at work all around us, impacting everything from our search results, to our online dating prospects, to the way we shop. Data shows that the use of AI in many sectors of business has grown by 270% over the last four years. But what will AI mean for the future of work? As computers and technology have evolved, this has been one of the most pressing questions. As with many technological developments throughout history, the advancement of artificial intelligence has created fears that human workers will become obsolete. The reality is probably a lot less dire, but maybe even more complicated. What is AI? Before we do a deep dive on the ways in which AI will impact the future of work, it’s important to start simple: what is AI? A straightforward definition from Britannica states that artificial intelligence is “the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.” “AI” has become a catchall term to describe any advancements in computing, systems and technology in which computer programs can perform tasks or solve problems that require the kind of reason we associate with human intelligence, even learning from past processes. This ability to learn is a key component of AI. Algorithms, like the dreaded Facebook algorithm that replaced all our friends with sponsored content, are often associated with AI. AI will probably not make human workers obsolete, at least not for a long time. 41. According to the passage, what is “AI”? ________________ 42. How does AI affect our life? ________________ 43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement then underline it and explain why. No one can predict exactly how AI will develop in the future, and the key component of it has not been found. ________________ 44. Will AI replace the jobs of humans in the future? Please give your reasons. (In about 40 words) ________________ 【答案】41. Artificial intelligence is “the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.” 42. AI is already at work all around us, impacting everything from our search results, to our online dating prospects, to the way we shop. 43. No one can predict exactly how AI will develop in the future, and the key component of it has not been found.According to the passage, the ability to learn is a key component of AI. 44. I don’t think that AI will replace the jobs of humans. For example, empathy is one of the pillars which make humans. AI doesn’t possess such emotions. So no matter how developed AI becomes, it’ll not replace jobs which require high empathy, intricate human understanding, and managing emotions. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是人工智能以及人工智能将如何影响未来的工作和生活。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第四段中“A straightforward definition from Britannica states that artificial intelligence is “the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.”(《大英百科全书》对人工智能的一个直接定义是“数字计算机或计算机控制的机器人执行通常与智能生物有关的任务的能力”)”可知，人工智能是“数字计算机或计算机控制的机器人执行通常与智能生物有关的任务的能力”。故答案为Artificial intelligence is “the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.” 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“In reality, AI is already at work all around us, impacting everything from our search results, to our online dating prospects, to the way we shop.(事实上，人工智能已经在我们周围发挥作用，从搜索结果，到在线约会前景，再到我们的购物方式，影响着一切)”可知，人工智能已经在我们身边发挥作用，影响着从搜索结果到在线约会前景，再到购物方式的一切。故答案为AI is already at work all around us, impacting everything from our search results, to our online dating prospects, to the way we shop. 【43题详解】 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“This ability to learn is a key component of AI. Algorithms, like the dreaded Facebook algorithm that replaced all our friends with sponsored content, are often associated with AI.(这种学习能力是人工智能的关键组成部分。算法，比如可怕的Facebook算法，用赞助内容取代我们所有的朋友，通常与人工智能有关)”可知，错误的部分是“the key component of it has not been found”，因为学习能力是人工智能的关键组成部分。故答案为No one can predict exactly how AI will develop in the future, and the key component of it has not been found. According to the passage, the ability to learn is a key component of AI. 【44题详解】 开放性题目。题干：人工智能在未来会取代人类的工作吗？请给出你的理由。可回答：我不认为人工智能会取代人类的工作。例如，同理心是人类形成的支柱之一。人工智能不具备这样的情感。因此，无论人工智能发展到何种程度，它都无法取代那些需要高度共情、复杂的人类理解和情绪管理的工作。故答案为I don’t think that AI will replace the jobs of humans. For example, empathy is one of the pillars which make humans. AI doesn’t possess such emotions. So no matter how developed AI becomes, it’ll not replace jobs which require high empathy, intricate human understanding, and managing emotions. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$