精品解析：广东省深圳市富源学校2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

2024年春季学期富源学校高二年级期中考试 英语 2024.4 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 第一部分 语言知识运用 单项选择题 （ 每题1.5 分 共30分） 1. Don’t_____________ your skin to too much sunshine. A. expose B. explore C. explode D. export 2. _____ is commonly believed that the play was written by Shakespeare. A. It B. That C. What D. As 3. I really appreciated ______ when you lent your notes to me. A. one B. this C. that D. it 4. They’re putting up new hotels in order to tourism in these areas. A explode B. boost C. restrict D. polish 5. To help the wild animals survive, we need to preserve their . A. garbage B. dormitories C. habitats D. antiques 6. The only way to live happily with others is to ______ their faults and admire their virtues. A. justify B. overlook C. clarify D. acknowledge 7. If you want to ________ the narrow hutong of old Beijing, tricycles are worth ________. A. explore; using B. explode; using C. exploit; to be used D. expand; to be used 8. Let’s make joint efforts to protect the environment and live ________ nature. A. in vain B. in memory of C. in harmony with D. in control of 9. _______all my classmates, I wish to say thanks to the teachers for giving us so much support. A. In spite of B. Instead of C On behalf of D. Regardless of 10. The reason for his absence is ______ he hasn’t been informed. A. because B. that C. whom D. why 11. His decision was based on a false ________ which was hardly practical. A. expression B. impression C. fascination D. assumption 12. Prof. Wu says that the best way to help the tradition ________ is passing it down from generation to generation. A. survive B. recover C. preserve D. function 13. To resolve the conflict between data and theory, a scientist often has to ________ and approach the problem from different angles. A. bark up the wrong tree B. think outside the box C. break new ground D. shun the spotlight 14. In his letter, Li Hua _____ the care and hospitality from his home-stay family during his stay in London. A. acknowledged B. remembered C. admitted D. displayed 15. Tom missed the early bus. That was ________he was late for school. A. why B. because C. for D. how 16. Every year, __________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. A. whoever B. whomever C. no matter who D. no matter whom 17. The Palace Museum houses a large collection of ________. A. cuisines B. antiques C. mascots D. excerpts 18. Our class ________ 52 students is ________ into four groups. A. consists of; divided B. consisting of; divided C. consists of; separating D. consisting of; separated 19. These seats are ________ for special guests. A. preserved B. reserved C. reversed D. occupied 20. The two collectors have determined to buy the precious Egyptian vase,  _______. A. however much it costs B. no matter how it costs C. however much does it cost D. no matter how much does it cost 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Top Coffee-producing Countries Brazil Back in the 18th century, Brazil started growing coffee. Now, around 300,000 coffee farmers in Brazil produce about 40% of the world’s coffee. Arabica (阿拉比卡咖啡) takes up 70% of the coffee beans grown in the country. In Brazil, 3% of export income is from coffee beans. Brazilians are wild about drinking their coffee and consume it all day long. Vietnam Coffee found its way to Vietnam in the 1800s. Now coffee industry employs almost 3 million people. Most of Vietnam’s coffee production is the less appreciated Robusta (罗布斯塔咖啡) variety. Because of that, most coffee beans grown in Vietnam are for instant coffee. Despite coffee’s popularity as an export crop, the Vietnamese still prefer tea. They also make a famous Cappuccino (卡布奇诺咖啡) not found elsewhere—famous because it gets a dose of raw egg if that’s to your liking. Colombia Coffee was introduced into Colombia in the early 1700s. In Colombia, about 2.3 million acres of land are planted with coffee. Coffee is the most important agricultural export. There are around 555,000 coffee growers in Colombia. The majority of Colombian coffee plantations are owned by families. Colombians typically start their morning with a tinto. It’s a small cup of black coffee that’s sweetened with sugar. They may add cinnamon or other spices to jazz it up. Indonesia Indonesia has a long coffee history that goes back to the 1600s which has its share of ups and downs. In the late 19th century, the terrible coffee rust disease caused death to many of the high-quality coffee plants. To prevent this from happening again, Indonesia replanted with the disease-resistant Robusta coffee. Arabica beans still play a part in the Indonesian coffee market, representing about 25% of coffee beans grown there. 21. Which of the four countries started growing coffee earliest? A. Brazil. B. Vietnam. C. Colombia. D. Indonesia. 22. What is special about Vietnam? A. A unique kind of coffee drink is made there. B. High-quality coffee beans are produced there. C. Coffee was produced for the home market there. D. Coffee planting met with problems in the 1990s there. 23. What do Brazil and Colombia have in common? A. Coffee exports are growing in both countries. B. They both have a coffee-loving population. C. They share the same number of coffee growers. D. Coffee farms are owned by families in both countries. B 81-year-old Harry Smith of Port St. Lucie, Florida takes his 9-year-old dog Sarah Jane for a walk around the lake across the street from his house twice a day, every day. Smith, who uses an electric wheelchair to get around, was on one of his regular walks earlier this month when something out of the ordinary happened. The left wheel of his wheelchair got stuck in some loose mud (泥土), and as he tried to reverse (倒车)out of it, his wheelchair lost balance. He ended up turning over his wheelchair and rolling down the bank into the lake. Sensing her owner was in trouble, Sarah Jane began barking (吠叫)loudly as Smith struggled to keep his head above the water. Her continuous barking caught the attention of two neighbors working in their driveway across the street, who rushed over to see what was wrong. One of those men was Edward Shuling, who said in the beginning he thought the dog might have gotten into a fight with a crocodile (鳄鱼), before he saw Smith's head sticking out of the water.“Immediately I just jumped in,”Shuling told TCPalm.“It's just a natural reaction.”A second neighbor, Aby“Jacob”Chacko, was following closely behind and happened to spot Officer Adam Doty on his way down to the water. Together, the three men pulled Smith out of the water and back to safety, much to his—and Sarah Jane's—relief. With no serious injuries, Smith was cleared to go home but his electric wheelchair was no longer working due to water damage. And in a post showing the sweet moment by the Port St. Lucie Police Department, Officer Doty and Sarah Jane, of course, helped Smith get back to his house.“We are thankful to Mr. Smith's dog and the two passers-by that helped save his life!”the post reads. 24. What caused the accident? A. The wheelchair tripped over a dog. B. Harry Smith tried to move closer to the bank. C. The wheelchair took a sharp turn to reverse. D. A wheel of the wheelchair got caught in the mud. 25. What did Edward Shuling think was happening at first? A. A dog was struggling with a crocodile. B. A man was being run after by a dog. C. A dog was warning people of a crocodile. D. A man was fighting with a crocodile. 26. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Harry Smith got a new electric wheelchair. B. Sarah Jane was praised by the post for what she did. C. Harry Smith was seriously injured in the accident. D. The police looked into the case and found out the reason. 27. Which of the following sayings agrees with the story? A. Every dog has its day. B. A barking dog does not bite. C. A man's best friend is his dog. D. A friend in need is a friend indeed. C If you live in a region where winter weather is a regular risk, you are likely used to pouring salt on your sidewalks. But how does it work? And how much salt do humans pour onto our planet’s surface? The second question is easier to answer: a lot. Salt doesn’t directly melt ice, nor does it make snow simply disappear. Instead it makes water less likely to freeze in a phenomenon called freezing point depression. In the case of simple rock salt, which is a rawer, less pure version of table salt, each molecule (分子) splits into smaller elements. Normally, when water freezes into ice, its molecules line up to form a stable, orderly structure. Salt interrupts the process, however, and temperatures must drop lower to overcome that interruption and for freezing to occur. But if salt needs to interact with liquid water, how does it do anything when temperatures are stubbornly below freezing, and water should already be in the form of ice? That’s where cars help clear their own way by creating friction and, in turn, heat. The friction allows for the ice that has already frozen to melt a little bit, making it unlikely to freeze. Beyond rock salt’s ability to clear icy streets, it can also be destructive. Chloride ions (氯离子) can cause wear and tear on vehicles and facilities. Increasing chloride densities in North American lakes could begin to upset local ecology and degrade sources of drinking water. Many local governments are looking for alternatives to rock salt. Other salts such as magnesium chloride and calcium chloride work in the same way as rock salt, and they’re perhaps even more efficient. Some experiments are testing other ice-preventing solutions, including those that contain sugars instead of or in addition to salts. Another approach relies more heavily on sand, which can mechanically make roads safer. All of this experimentation is aimed at ensuring people can travel in any weather condition — a Herculean task when winter brings its worst. 28. What’s the purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph 2? A. To introduce the topic. B. To give some evidence. C. To define the phenomenon. D. To reveal the misconception. 29. How does salt work to disturb the process of freezing? A By lowering the temperature. B. By melting and splitting itself. C. By lining up to form a solid structure. D. By stopping the formation of the structure. 30. What does the underlined word “densities” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Concentrations. B. Weights. C. Qualities. D. Salts. 31. What’s the last paragraph mainly talking about? A. Other salts won’t disturb local ecology. B. Efforts are being made to guarantee safe travels. C. Many alternatives are available to solve the problem. D. Bitter winter make it impossible to secure road safety. D When you hear the word “artificial intelligence”, the first thing that comes to mind is robotics, but what truly is artificial intelligence and what does the future hold for it? Artificial intelligence is any device or machine that mimics cognitive (认知的) functions humans associate with the human mind, such as learning and problem solving. Examples of artificial intelligence in our day to day lives include: Siri, Google, advertising and so much more. Every industry is incorporating (吸收/包含) artificial intelligence into its back bone. Currently, the effects of artificial intelligence seem all positive. Artificial intelligence will lead to more new and important discoveries in the future, through its predictive modelling. In 2017, NASA reported the discovery of an eight-planet solar system with the help of AI. It can also predict the emergence of any new virus, disease or epidemic and discover a corresponding drug to treat it by accessing and analyzing multiple sets of data. This in turn will help the healthcare industry develop Al programs that will improve longevity and predict the time of the first sign of diseases, improve drug research processes and assist doctors in diagnosis. However, there are still a lot of public concerns. An article titled “The Future of Work” gives a practical view on the influence of artificial intelligence and automation in our job industry. It predicts that by 2030, job losses will reach a rate of twenty nine percent, with an even lesser job creation percentage of thirteen percent. In 2014, a chat bot known as Eugene Goostman passed the Turing test, making judges think it was a human and leading to a lot of raised concerns. Does this mean that with future research, robots can insert themselves smoothly into our environment? It gives people a lot of food for thought. The future of artificial intelligence is both fascinating and alarming. Privacy laws and security guidelines should be reviewed to protect everyone from vulnerability (脆弱性). Still if researches continue to be done with exposure and responsibility, the balance would not tip in favor of the negative. 32. According to the passage, AI can be used ________. A. to reduce job creation B. to insert themselves smoothly into our lives C. to make scientific breakthrough D. to prevent the emergence of new virus, disease or epidemic 33. By mentioning the medical use in paragraph 2, the author wanted ________. A. to introduce a new way to cure any disease. B. to explain the value of artificial intelligence. C. to show the effectiveness of artificial intelligence treatment. D. to discuss the possibility of artificial intelligence replacing doctors. 34. What can we infer from the last sentence in paragraph 4? A. Currently, there are more negative effects caused by AI. B. More researches are needed in order to further develop AI. C. It’s very difficult to balance the exposure and responsibility in researches. D. It's possible to reduce the negative effects of AI in the future. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A Artificial Intelligence will change the future. B. The future needs regulation of Artificial Intelligence. C. Artificial Intelligence has made scientific breakthroughs. D. Artificial Intelligence does more harm than good to humans. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Lessons to Learn from Nature As we become more and more separated from nature, we start to realize how much we depend on it. People often seek for wisdom, experience, and knowledge. Guess who’s been around in this world longer than mother nature? The followings are the lessons nature can teach us. ____36____ As the daily, monthly, and yearly cycles change, everything in nature changes, too. Leaves change their color, flowers turn into fruits, some animals sleep throughout the whole winter, and when they wake up, it’s spring again — a new beginning. What we need to learn is that change is a good thing. ____37____ Nature is flexible. Flexibility is what helps a leaf endure. If there’s a lot of sun in the area, the leaves of a particular plant will be smaller, thicker, and will change their color. Leaves growing in the shade, on the other hand, will be larger, greener, and thinner, so they could absorb more sunlight. ____38____ ____39____ When you spend time in nature, by the sea, in the forest, or in the desert, you’ll notice nothing really happens hurriedly. ____40____ We overload ourselves with work that we can’t fit into 24 hours and then we get stressed out. Stop for a moment. Breathe. Set your priorities and change your life’s tempo. A. Nature is never in a rush. B. Nature is ever-changing. C. Nature always has its own pace. D. The ability to adapt quickly is an important ability. E. On the other hand, human beings are always in a hurry. F. Accepting change makes us more adaptable, and that sets us free. G. It’s important for the leaves to know how to adapt to the environment. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As the saying goes, “Interest is the seed of everything”. Since childhood, Cantero had been living with football that had a ____41____ effect on her. She had always loved football as well as art, and fortunately she found a way to ____42____ the two things. Lili Cantero prepared a new colorful show of her works to take to the World Cup in Qatar. The 29-year-old artist was famous for ____43____ soccer shoes for stars. Her new artworks included shoes and balls with pictures and designs. Many of them were ____44____ by the Middle Eastern nation, Qatar, and especially its capital Doha brought her lots of ____45____ ideas. The city welcomed national teams from the world to ____46____ in the World Cup. Cantero ____47____ sent a pair of shoes to Argentine star Lionel Messi. The shoes had fancy details with black and white image of the ____48____ and his family. She didn’t know if Messi would even receive the shoes. But ____49____, she received a photo of Messi holding them. That marked a turning point in her_____50_____. Then her colorful designs _____51_____ other stars. She even met a famous former Brazilian star and gave him a pair of _____52_____ and a football showing a kiss his mother had given him after winning an award in 2005. In Qatar, Cantero planned to show eight footballs with designs that showed her _____53_____ for eight countries winning the World Cup, thinking that they were _____54_____ of the admiration of all. Finally, the footballs were the centerpiece of the World Cup exhibition, while the boots were presented within three-dimensional _____55_____ looking like the stadiums that Qatar built for the World Cup. 41. A. slight B. limited C. significant D. temporary 42. A. compare B. explain C. investigate D. connect 43. A. making B. painting C. purchasing D. donating 44. A. inspired B. checked C. sponsored D. arranged 45. A. narrow B. conventional C. novel D. literary 46. A. turn B. compete C. speak D. explore 47. A. still B. never C. often D. ever 48. A. artist B. judge C. player D. photographer 49. A. in surprise B. in vain C. on time D. on hand 50. A. plan B. career C. team D. stadium 51. A. confused B. hurt C. changed D. drew 52. A. sweaters B. glasses C. boots D. socks 53. A. respect B. insurance C. debt D. cost 54. A. aware B. worthy C. ignorant D. suspicious 55. A. maps B. rocks C. movements D. structures 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Forbidden City, also ____56____(refer) to as the Palace Museum in the modern days, is located in the heart of Beijing. It is an ancient ____57____(architecture) complex with a history of over 600 years. The aerial view of the Forbidden City shows it is a symmetrical layout. The three main halls-the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony comprise the Forbidden City’s central line, ____58____ is flanked (两侧有) by more than 70 palaces with over 9, 000 rooms. The buildings are all covered with golden roofs with red columns and high walls beneath, ____59____(symbolize) the noble status of the royal family. In addition to ____60____(it) magnificent appearance, the Palace Museum also houses over one million pieces of cultural relics and treasures. In recent years, the Forbidden City has become ____61____ Internet celebrity, launching thousands of cultural and artistic products. These products are well enjoyed by ____62____(consumer), combining the traditional imperial elements with modern technology. Up to now, a “Digital Forbidden City” ____63____(create). The development of the Internet and AR technology has allowed people to visit the palace in an immersive way and to observe the panorama and details of the imperial treasures. As a new day begins, the ancient Forbidden City continues to welcome visitors at home and abroad. Be it onsite or online, your visit ____64____ the Forbidden City may help you travel through time and space and_____65_____(true) appreciate the time-honored Chinese culture. 第三节 单词填空：用适当的形式填空（共8小题，每小题1分，共8分） 66. The laws have led to a reduction in fuel________(consume)in the U.S. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67. His ____________ (appreciate) was obviously shown in the article. (所给词的适当形式填空) 68. The optimistic boy’s ____________ (commit) to being an astronaut motivated him to study harder. (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. ____________ (expose) to all kinds of electronic games, the boy lost interest in his study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70. He was an ____________ (ambition) man with a strong motive for doing something. (所给词的适当形式填空) 71. ____________ (motivate) by the desire to succeed, every student in our class works hard. (所给词的适当形式填空) 72. ____________ (apparent), with the population exploding, the island was in chaos. (所给词的适当形式填空) 73. As a _____________ (nobly) educator, he tried his best to assist the left-behind children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节 选词填空有一多余选项 （共7小题，每小题1分，共7分） 选词填空 A. care about B. from head to toe C. make an effort D. came across E. in secret F. out of mercy G. regardless of H. a lack of 74. I don't believe that he helped that girl just ____________. 75. I will ____________ to help that timid boy overcome his shyness. 76. It is reported that the amber room was moved ____________ that night. 77. While staying in France，I ____________ those graceful girls. 78. Nobody has the right to exclaim in public ____________ their social position or age. 79. The woman pretended not to ____________ money，so the villagers all liked her. 80. The man glanced at me ____________, and then left the meeting room. 第四部分 读后续写（共一节，满分25分） 81. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After a very meaningful conversation with my dad about the old days, we came up with an object that we both remembered clearly. It was my first bicycle. My mind told me I got it when I was seven, who was cheated to ride it for fifty yards alone the first time I tried! My dad put together all the small pieces of the bicycle from a beautiful material that he called, “Your own car.” Of course I knew he had some magical ability, but I didn’t think he could make such an awesome object. He added the seat and the pedals (脚踏板) so that I would not have any problems. My dad recalled the bicycle was the smallest he could find while I remember how huge it was. I was so afraid of it and there was no way that I was going to control that monster-sized material. The bicycle was left in my backyard as a decoration for a month because I refused to ride it. Honestly, I was scared to try it. After a month, my dad gave me a lecture to teach me what being a man was all about. I was finally determined to try it. My dad was proud of me and I felt very manly. He and I went to the park to see what we could do there. The park was empty when we arrived. I had no doubt that my dad told everybody not to be there because we had to use it. I felt sorry for other people, but I was proud to have such an capable person as my dad. We found a smooth and open space. My dad was holding the back part of the seat to make sure I didn’t fell. He promised me that I was not going to fall because he would be running right behind, holding the bicycle. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I started to pedal and the bicycle moved. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I turned around and found my dad was not behind. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024年春季学期富源学校高二年级期中考试 英语 2024.4 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 第一部分 语言知识运用 单项选择题 （ 每题1.5 分 共30分） 1. Don’t_____________ your skin to too much sunshine. A. expose B. explore C. explode D. export 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要让你的皮肤暴露在太多的阳光下。A. expose暴露，接触；B. explore探索；C. explode爆炸；D. export出口。根据后文“your skin to too much sunshine”指皮肤暴露在阳光下，故选A。 2. _____ is commonly believed that the play was written by Shakespeare. A. It B. That C. What D. As 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意是：大家普遍认为这部戏剧是莎士比亚写的。It’s believed that…,据相信……, it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，故选A。 3. I really appreciated ______ when you lent your notes to me. A. one B. this C. that D. it 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：我非常感激你借给我你的笔记。A. one泛指上文提到的一类人或者事物中的一个；B. this指上文提到的一件事；C. that特指上文提到的一类人或者事物中的一个；D. it指上文提到的同一个人或者事物，还可以作形式主语或宾语；根据句子结构和意思可知，这里用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语指后面when引导的句子。故选D。 4. They’re putting up new hotels in order to tourism in these areas. A. explode B. boost C. restrict D. polish 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们正在开设新的酒店，以促进这些地区的旅游业。A. explode爆炸，激增；B. boost促进，增强；C. restrict限制；D. polish修改，擦光。根据“They’re putting up new hotels”可知，开设新的酒店是为了“促进”旅游业的发展。故选B项。 5. To help the wild animals survive, we need to preserve their . A. garbage B. dormitories C. habitats D. antiques 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助野生动物生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。A. garbage垃圾；B. dormitories宿舍；C. habitats栖息地；D. antiques古董。根据“To help the wild animals survive”可知，为了帮助野生动物生存，应是需要保护它们的栖息地。故选C项。 6. The only way to live happily with others is to ______ their faults and admire their virtues. A. justify B. overlook C. clarify D. acknowledge 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：和别人快乐相处的唯一方法是：忽略他人的缺点，欣赏他人的优点。A.justify证明……是正当的；替……辩护；B. overlook忽略； C. classify分类；阐明；D. acknowledge承认。根据“admire their virtues.”此处指要忽略别人的缺点，欣赏他人的优点。故选B。 7. If you want to ________ the narrow hutong of old Beijing, tricycles are worth ________. A. explore; using B. explode; using C. exploit; to be used D. expand; to be used 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词辨析和固定用法。句意：如果想去老北京的胡同探秘，三轮脚踏车是值得一坐的。A. explore探索；B. explode爆炸；C. exploit开发；D. expand扩大。结合句意，第一空应用exlpore；be worth doing为固定用法，意为“值得做某事”，故第二空应用using。结合选项，故选A。 8. Let’s make joint efforts to protect the environment and live ________ nature. A. in vain B. in memory of C. in harmony with D. in control of 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：让我们共同努力，保护环境，与自然和谐相处。A. in vain徒劳；B. in memory of纪念；C. in harmony with与……和谐；D. in control of控制。根据上文“protect the environment and live”可知，指和自然和谐相处。故选C。 9. _______all my classmates, I wish to say thanks to the teachers for giving us so much support. A. In spite of B. Instead of C. On behalf of D. Regardless of 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我谨代表全体同学向老师们表示感谢，感谢他们给我们这么多的支持。A. In spite of尽管；B. Instead of取而代之；C. On behalf of代表；D. Regardless of不管。此处表示“代表”，用on behalf of。故选C。 10. The reason for his absence is ______ he hasn’t been informed. A. because B. that C. whom D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他缺席的原因是没有收到通知。分析句子结构可知，“_____ he hasn’t been informed”是表语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，故用that引导。故选B项。 11. His decision was based on a false ________ which was hardly practical. A. expression B. impression C. fascination D. assumption 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的决定是基于一个不现实的错误假设。A. expression表情；B. impression印象；C. fascination魅力；D. assumption 假定；设想。根据“which was hardly practical.”可知，这是一个不现实的错误假设。故选D。 12. Prof. Wu says that the best way to help the tradition ________ is passing it down from generation to generation. A. survive B. recover C. preserve D. function 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：吴教授表示，帮助传统得以延续的最佳方式是将其代代相传。A. survive继续存在；B. recover恢复，康复；C. preserve保护；D. function起作用。根据句意可知，把传统代代相传是让传统得以延续的最佳方式，“survive”意为“继续存在”，动词词性，符合语境。故选A项。 13. To resolve the conflict between data and theory, a scientist often has to ________ and approach the problem from different angles. A. bark up the wrong tree B. think outside the box C. break new ground D. shun the spotlight 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查习语。句意：为了解决数据和理论之间的冲突，科学家往往必须跳出固有思维模式，从不同的角度处理问题。A. bark up the wrong tree认错目标；错怪了人；花错精力；B. think outside the box想出别出心裁的点子；C. break new ground开垦处女地，开辟新天地；D. shun the spotlight避开聚光灯。根据“and approach the problem from different angles.”可知，科学家必须跳出固有思维模式，从不同的角度处理问题。故选B。 14. In his letter, Li Hua _____ the care and hospitality from his home-stay family during his stay in London. A. acknowledged B. remembered C. admitted D. displayed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的信中，李华感谢他在伦敦期间寄宿家庭的关心和款待。A. acknowledged感谢，致谢；B. remembered记住；C. admitted承认；D. displayed展示。根据句意可知，此处意为表达“感谢”，应用动词acknowledge。故选A。 15. Tom missed the early bus. That was ________he was late for school. A. why B. because C. for D. how 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句引导词。句意：Tom错过早车。那就是他上学迟到原因。A. why为什么；B. because因为；C. for因为；D. how如何。分析句子结构可知，此句是表语从句，缺少引导词，在从句中作原因状语，用why。故选A项。 16. Every year, __________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival. A. whoever B. whomever C. no matter who D. no matter whom 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：每年，无论是谁制作出了最漂亮的风筝都可以在风筝节上获奖。分析句子成分，可知这句话缺少主语。A. whoever无论是谁，主格形式；B. whomever无论是谁，宾格形式；C. no matter who无论是谁；D. no matter whom无论是谁；这四个词意思都很接近，但是语法功能不同。no matter+疑问词只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。Whomever是宾格，不能在句中充当主语。综合以上分析，whoever作主语。故选A。 17. The Palace Museum houses a large collection of ________. A. cuisines B. antiques C. mascots D. excerpts 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：故宫博物馆收藏了大量的古董 。A.cuisines烹饪；菜肴；B.antiques古董；C.mascots吉祥物；D.excerpts摘录。根据“The Palace Museum”可知，故宫里收藏的是古董。故选B。 18. Our class ________ 52 students is ________ into four groups. A. consists of; divided B. consisting of; divided C. consists of; separating D. consisting of; separated 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意：我们班由52名学生组成，分成四个小组。第一空表示“由……构成”短语为consist of，此处应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语class构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；第二空，表示“分成……”短语为be divided into或be separated from；故选B。 19. These seats are ________ for special guests. A. preserved B. reserved C. reversed D. occupied 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析和被动语态。句意：这些座位是为特殊客人保留的。A. preserved保存，保护；B. reserved预定，保留；C. reversed颠倒；D. occupied占领。根据句意可知，句中指座位是为特殊客人保留的，“reserve”意为“预定，保留”，动词词性，符合语境，“preserve”意为“保存，保护”，其目的是使某物完好无损、质量不变，不符合语境，“seats”和“reserve”为被动关系，句子为一般现在时的被动语态，空格处应用“reserve”的过去分词“reserved”。故选B项。 20. The two collectors have determined to buy the precious Egyptian vase,  _______. A. however much it costs B. no matter how it costs C. however much does it cost D. no matter how much does it cost 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：两位收藏家决定买下这件珍贵的埃及花瓶，不管花多少钱。分析句子可知，however/no matter how引导让步状语从句，后紧跟形容词或副词，所以B项不对。后跟状语从句，不需倒装，所以C，D项不对，故选A项。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Top Coffee-producing Countries Brazil Back in the 18th century, Brazil started growing coffee. Now, around 300,000 coffee farmers in Brazil produce about 40% of the world’s coffee. Arabica (阿拉比卡咖啡) takes up 70% of the coffee beans grown in the country. In Brazil, 3% of export income is from coffee beans. Brazilians are wild about drinking their coffee and consume it all day long. Vietnam Coffee found its way to Vietnam in the 1800s. Now coffee industry employs almost 3 million people. Most of Vietnam’s coffee production is the less appreciated Robusta (罗布斯塔咖啡) variety. Because of that, most coffee beans grown in Vietnam are for instant coffee. Despite coffee’s popularity as an export crop, the Vietnamese still prefer tea. They also make a famous Cappuccino (卡布奇诺咖啡) not found elsewhere—famous because it gets a dose of raw egg if that’s to your liking. Colombia Coffee was introduced into Colombia in the early 1700s. In Colombia, about 2.3 million acres of land are planted with coffee. Coffee is the most important agricultural export. There are around 555,000 coffee growers in Colombia. The majority of Colombian coffee plantations are owned by families. Colombians typically start their morning with a tinto. It’s a small cup of black coffee that’s sweetened with sugar. They may add cinnamon or other spices to jazz it up. Indonesia Indonesia has a long coffee history that goes back to the 1600s, which has its share of ups and downs. In the late 19th century, the terrible coffee rust disease caused death to many of the high-quality coffee plants. To prevent this from happening again, Indonesia replanted with the disease-resistant Robusta coffee. Arabica beans still play a part in the Indonesian coffee market, representing about 25% of coffee beans grown there. 21. Which of the four countries started growing coffee earliest? A. Brazil. B. Vietnam. C. Colombia. D. Indonesia. 22. What is special about Vietnam? A. A unique kind of coffee drink is made there. B. High-quality coffee beans are produced there. C. Coffee was produced for the home market there. D. Coffee planting met with problems in the 1990s there. 23. What do Brazil and Colombia have in common? A. Coffee exports are growing in both countries. B. They both have a coffee-loving population. C. They share the same number of coffee growers. D. Coffee farms are owned by families in both countries. 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个咖啡产国的情况。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Back in the 18th century, Brazil started growing coffee. (早在18世纪，巴西就开始种植咖啡。)”；第二段“Coffee found its way to Vietnam in the 1800s. (咖啡在19世纪进入越南。)”；第三段“Coffee was introduced into Colombia in the early 1700s. (咖啡在18世纪早期被引入哥伦比亚)”以及最后一段“Indonesia has a long coffee history that goes back to the 1600s, which has its share of ups and downs. (印尼有着悠久的咖啡历史，可以追溯到17世纪，其间有起有落。)”可知，Indonesia是种植咖啡最早的。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“They also make a famous Cappuccino (卡布奇诺咖啡) not found elsewhere—famous because it gets a dose of raw egg if that’s to your liking. (他们还制作了一款在其他地方找不到的著名的卡布奇诺——出名是因为如果你喜欢的话，它会加一些生鸡蛋。)”可知，越南的特别之处在于那里生产一种独特的咖啡饮料。故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Brazilians are wild about drinking their coffee and consume it all day long. (巴西人喜欢喝咖啡，整天都在喝。)”和第三段中“Colombians typically start their morning with a tinto. It’s a small cup of black coffee that’s sweetened with sugar. (哥伦比亚人通常以一杯tinto开始他们的早晨。它是一小杯加糖的黑咖啡。)”可知，巴西和哥伦比亚的共同之处是都有喜欢喝咖啡的人。故选B。 B 81-year-old Harry Smith of Port St. Lucie, Florida takes his 9-year-old dog Sarah Jane for a walk around the lake across the street from his house twice a day, every day. Smith, who uses an electric wheelchair to get around, was on one of his regular walks earlier this month when something out of the ordinary happened. The left wheel of his wheelchair got stuck in some loose mud (泥土), and as he tried to reverse (倒车)out of it, his wheelchair lost balance. He ended up turning over his wheelchair and rolling down the bank into the lake. Sensing her owner was in trouble, Sarah Jane began barking (吠叫)loudly as Smith struggled to keep his head above the water. Her continuous barking caught the attention of two neighbors working in their driveway across the street, who rushed over to see what was wrong. One of those men was Edward Shuling, who said in the beginning he thought the dog might have gotten into a fight with a crocodile (鳄鱼), before he saw Smith's head sticking out of the water.“Immediately I just jumped in,”Shuling told TCPalm.“It's just a natural reaction.”A second neighbor, Aby“Jacob”Chacko, was following closely behind and happened to spot Officer Adam Doty on his way down to the water. Together, the three men pulled Smith out of the water and back to safety, much to his—and Sarah Jane's—relief. With no serious injuries, Smith was cleared to go home but his electric wheelchair was no longer working due to water damage. And in a post showing the sweet moment by the Port St. Lucie Police Department, Officer Doty and Sarah Jane, of course, helped Smith get back to his house.“We are thankful to Mr. Smith's dog and the two passers-by that helped save his life!”the post reads. 24. What caused the accident? A. The wheelchair tripped over a dog. B. Harry Smith tried to move closer to the bank. C. The wheelchair took a sharp turn to reverse. D. A wheel of the wheelchair got caught in the mud. 25. What did Edward Shuling think was happening at first? A. A dog was struggling with a crocodile. B. A man was being run after by a dog. C. A dog was warning people of a crocodile. D. A man was fighting with a crocodile. 26. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Harry Smith got a new electric wheelchair. B. Sarah Jane was praised by the post for what she did. C. Harry Smith was seriously injured in the accident. D. The police looked into the case and found out the reason. 27. Which of the following sayings agrees with the story? A. Every dog has its day. B. A barking dog does not bite. C. A man's best friend is his dog. D. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文时一篇记叙文。讲述了81岁的史密斯某天在散步时不幸落水，他的狗Sarah Jane通过大叫引来了附近的两个邻居和警长，在他们的共同努力下，史密斯获救。这个故事告诉我们，狗是人类最好的朋友。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一自然段“The left wheel of his wheelchair got stuck in some loose mud (泥土), and as he tried to reverse (倒车)out of it, his wheelchair lost balance. He ended up turning over his wheelchair and rolling down the bank into the lake.（他的轮椅的左轮陷在了一些松散的泥泞中，当他试图倒车时，他的轮椅失去了平衡。最后，他翻过轮椅，沿着河岸滚到湖里。）”可知，轮椅的左轮陷入泥泞中导致了这起事故。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三自然段“One of those men was Edward Shuling, who said in the beginning he thought the dog might have gotten into a fight with a crocodile…（其中一位是Edward Shuling，他说一开始他认为这只狗可能与鳄鱼打架……）”可知，Edward Shuling起初认为狗在和鳄鱼打架。故选A。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We are thankful to Mr. Smith's dog and the two passers-by that helped save his life!”the post reads.（“我们感谢史密斯先生的狗和两名路人，他们救了他的命！”帖子写道。）”可知，Sarah Jane她所做的受到了帖子的赞扬。故选B。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了81岁的史密斯和他的狗Sarah Jan某天在例行散步时不幸落水， Sarah Jane通过大叫引来了附近的两个邻居和警长，在他们的共同努力下，史密斯获救。这个故事告诉我们，狗是人类最好的朋友。A. Every dog has its day.谁都有得意的时候；B. A barking dog does not bite.吠狗不咬人；C. A man's best friend is his dog.狗是人类最好的朋友；D. A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。故选C。 C If you live in a region where winter weather is a regular risk, you are likely used to pouring salt on your sidewalks. But how does it work? And how much salt do humans pour onto our planet’s surface? The second question is easier to answer: a lot. Salt doesn’t directly melt ice, nor does it make snow simply disappear. Instead it makes water less likely to freeze in a phenomenon called freezing point depression. In the case of simple rock salt, which is a rawer, less pure version of table salt, each molecule (分子) splits into smaller elements. Normally, when water freezes into ice, its molecules line up to form a stable, orderly structure. Salt interrupts the process, however, and temperatures must drop lower to overcome that interruption and for freezing to occur. But if salt needs to interact with liquid water, how does it do anything when temperatures are stubbornly below freezing, and water should already be in the form of ice? That’s where cars help clear their own way by creating friction and, in turn, heat. The friction allows for the ice that has already frozen to melt a little bit, making it unlikely to freeze. Beyond rock salt’s ability to clear icy streets, it can also be destructive. Chloride ions (氯离子) can cause wear and tear on vehicles and facilities. Increasing chloride densities in North American lakes could begin to upset local ecology and degrade sources of drinking water. Many local governments are looking for alternatives to rock salt. Other salts such as magnesium chloride and calcium chloride work in the same way as rock salt, and they’re perhaps even more efficient. Some experiments are testing other ice-preventing solutions, including those that contain sugars instead of or in addition to salts. Another approach relies more heavily on sand, which can mechanically make roads safer. All of this experimentation is aimed at ensuring people can travel in any weather condition — a Herculean task when winter brings its worst. 28. What’s the purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph 2? A. To introduce the topic. B. To give some evidence. C. To define the phenomenon. D. To reveal the misconception. 29. How does salt work to disturb the process of freezing? A. By lowering the temperature. B. By melting and splitting itself. C. By lining up to form a solid structure. D. By stopping the formation of the structure. 30. What does the underlined word “densities” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Concentrations. B. Weights. C. Qualities. D. Salts. 31. What’s the last paragraph mainly talking about? A Other salts won’t disturb local ecology. B. Efforts are being made to guarantee safe travels. C. Many alternatives are available to solve the problem. D. Bitter winter make it impossible to secure road safety. 【答案】28. D 29. D 30. A 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在冬天通过在路面撒盐来缓解雪后因道路结冰而造成的交通安全问题，并就此问题所带来的环境问题进行科普。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Salt doesn’t directly melt ice, nor does it make snow simply disappear.”（盐不会直接融化冰，也不会让雪消失。）以及第二句“Instead it makes water less likely to freeze in a phenomenon called freezing point depression.”（相反，它使水更不容易冻结，这种现象被称为冰点降低。）可知，第二段第一句的目的是揭示一个错误认知，纠正盐直接使雪和冰融化的错误想法。故选D项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Normally, when water freezes into ice, its molecules line up to form a stable, orderly structure. Salt interrupts the process, however, and temperatures must drop lower to overcome that interruption and for freezing to occur.”（正常情况下，当水结冰时，它的分子会排成一行，形成一个稳定有序的结构。然而，盐会打断这一过程，而温度必须降得更低，才能克服这种干扰，从而发生冻结。）可知，盐会干扰水分子在结冰时形成稳定、有序的结构。故选D项。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子“Increasing chloride densities in North American lakes could begin to upset local ecology and degrade sources of drinking water.”（北美湖泊中氯化物densities的增加可能会扰乱当地生态，并使饮用水源退化。）可知，氯离子的浓度增加会是当地生态系统受到干扰，并使饮用水源退化。所以划线词的意思是“浓度”。故选A项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段，尤其是“All of this experimentation is aimed at ensuring people can travel in any weather condition…”（所有这些试验都是为了确保人们在任何天气条件下都能出行。）可知，本段主要阐述地方政府正在努力确保冰雪天气人们出行安全。故选B项。 D When you hear the word “artificial intelligence”, the first thing that comes to mind is robotics, but what truly is artificial intelligence and what does the future hold for it? Artificial intelligence is any device or machine that mimics cognitive (认知的) functions humans associate with the human mind, such as learning and problem solving. Examples of artificial intelligence in our day to day lives include: Siri, Google, advertising and so much more. Every industry is incorporating (吸收/包含) artificial intelligence into its back bone. Currently, the effects of artificial intelligence seem all positive. Artificial intelligence will lead to more new and important discoveries in the future, through its predictive modelling. In 2017, NASA reported the discovery of an eight-planet solar system with the help of AI. It can also predict the emergence of any new virus, disease or epidemic and discover a corresponding drug to treat it by accessing and analyzing multiple sets of data. This in turn will help the healthcare industry develop Al programs that will improve longevity and predict the time of the first sign of diseases, improve drug research processes and assist doctors in diagnosis. However, there are still a lot of public concerns. An article titled “The Future of Work” gives a practical view on the influence of artificial intelligence and automation in our job industry. It predicts that by 2030, job losses will reach a rate of twenty nine percent, with an even lesser job creation percentage of thirteen percent. In 2014, a chat bot known as Eugene Goostman passed the Turing test, making judges think it was a human and leading to a lot of raised concerns. Does this mean that with future research, robots can insert themselves smoothly into our environment? It gives people a lot of food for thought. The future of artificial intelligence is both fascinating and alarming. Privacy laws and security guidelines should be reviewed to protect everyone from vulnerability (脆弱性). Still if researches continue to be done with exposure and responsibility, the balance would not tip in favor of the negative. 32. According to the passage, AI can be used ________. A. to reduce job creation B. to insert themselves smoothly into our lives C. to make scientific breakthrough D. to prevent the emergence of new virus, disease or epidemic 33. By mentioning the medical use in paragraph 2, the author wanted ________. A. to introduce a new way to cure any disease. B. to explain the value of artificial intelligence. C. to show the effectiveness of artificial intelligence treatment. D. to discuss the possibility of artificial intelligence replacing doctors. 34. What can we infer from the last sentence in paragraph 4? A. Currently, there are more negative effects caused by AI. B. More researches are needed in order to further develop AI. C. It’s very difficult to balance the exposure and responsibility in researches. D. It's possible to reduce the negative effects of AI in the future. 35. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Artificial Intelligence will change the future. B. The future needs regulation of Artificial Intelligence. C. Artificial Intelligence has made scientific breakthroughs. D. Artificial Intelligence does more harm than good to humans. 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人工智能将改变未来。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Currently, the effects of artificial intelligence seem all positive. Artificial intelligence will lead to more new and important discoveries in the future, through its predictive modelling. (目前，人工智能的影响似乎都是积极的。通过其预测模型，人工智能将在未来带来更多新的重要发现。)”可推知，人工智能可以被用于取得科学突破。故选C。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Artificial intelligence will lead to more new and important discoveries in the future, through its predictive modelling. In 2017, NASA reported the discovery of an eight-planet solar system with the help of AI.It can also predict the emergence of any new virus, disease or epidemic and discover a corresponding drug to treat it by accessing and analyzing multiple sets of data. This in turn will help the healthcare industry develop Al programs that will improve longevity and predict the time of the first sign of diseases, improve drug research processes and assist doctors in diagnosis. (通过其预测模型，人工智能将在未来带来更多新的重要发现。2017年，美国宇航局报告称，在人工智能的帮助下，发现了一个有八颗行星的太阳系。它还可以通过访问和分析多组数据来预测任何新病毒、疾病或流行病的出现，并发现相应的药物来治疗它。这反过来将有助于医疗行业开发人工智能程序，这些程序将延长寿命，预测疾病的第一个迹象的时间，改进药物研究过程，并协助医生进行诊断。)”可推知，在第二段作者通过提到人工智能在天文学以及医疗领域的应用，作者想解释人工智能的价值。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The future of artificial intelligence is both fascinating and alarming. Privacy laws and security guidelines should be reviewed to protect everyone from vulnerability (脆弱性). Still if researches continue to be done with exposure and responsibility, the balance would not tip in favor of the negative. (人工智能的未来既迷人又令人担忧。应该重新审查隐私法和安全指导方针，以保护每个人免受漏洞的侵害。)”可知，人工智能的未来具有积极的一面，也有负面的令人担忧的一面，应该重新审查隐私法和安全指导方针以减少其负面的影响；由此可知，由最后一句“Still if researches continue to be done with exposure and responsibility, the balance would not tip in favor of the negative(不过，如果继续对暴露和责任进行研究，天平就不会偏向负面。)”可推知，未来有可能减少人工智能的负面影响。故选D。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段中“When you hear the word “artificial intelligence”, the first thing that comes to mind is robotics, but what truly is artificial intelligence and what does the future hold for it? (当你听到‘人工智能’这个词时，首先想到的是机器人技术，但什么是真正的人工智能，它的未来会怎样？)”、文章第二段中“Currently, the effects of artificial intelligence seem all positive. (目前，人工智能的影响似乎都是积极的。)”和文章第三段中“However, there are still a lot of public concerns. (然而，仍然有很多公众的担忧。)”可知，文章主要讨论了人工智能对未来的影响。由此可知，文章的主旨是人工智能将改变未来。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Lessons to Learn from Nature As we become more and more separated from nature, we start to realize how much we depend on it. People often seek for wisdom, experience, and knowledge. Guess who’s been around in this world longer than mother nature? The followings are the lessons nature can teach us. ____36____ As the daily, monthly, and yearly cycles change, everything in nature changes, too. Leaves change their color, flowers turn into fruits, some animals sleep throughout the whole winter, and when they wake up, it’s spring again — a new beginning. What we need to learn is that change is a good thing. ____37____ Nature is flexible. Flexibility is what helps a leaf endure. If there’s a lot of sun in the area, the leaves of a particular plant will be smaller, thicker, and will change their color. Leaves growing in the shade, on the other hand, will be larger, greener, and thinner, so they could absorb more sunlight. ____38____ ____39____ When you spend time in nature, by the sea, in the forest, or in the desert, you’ll notice nothing really happens hurriedly. ____40____ We overload ourselves with work that we can’t fit into 24 hours and then we get stressed out. Stop for a moment. Breathe. Set your priorities and change your life’s tempo. A. Nature is never in a rush. B. Nature is ever-changing. C. Nature always has its own pace. D. The ability to adapt quickly is an important ability. E. On the other hand, human beings are always in a hurry. F. Accepting change makes us more adaptable, and that sets us free. G. It’s important for the leaves to know how to adapt to the environment. 【答案】36. B 37. F 38. D 39. A 40. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们可以向大自然学习的一些经验，包括接受变化、快速适应和找到从容的生活节奏。 【36题详解】 空处位于段首，需统领段落内容。后文“As the daily, monthly, and yearly cycles change, everything in nature changes, too. Leaves change their color, flowers turn into fruits, some animals sleep throughout the whole winter, and when they wake up, it’s spring again — a new beginning.(随着日、月、年周期的变化，自然界的一切也在变化。树叶变换颜色，花朵结出果实，一些动物睡了一整个冬天，当它们醒来时，又是春天——一个新的开始。)”具体描述自然中发生的变化，B项“Nature is ever-changing.(大自然是不断变化的。)”说明自然在不断变化，可统领后文内容，符合语境。故选B。 【37题详解】 前文“What we need to learn is that change is a good thing.(我们需要学习的是改变是一件好事。)”说明可以从自然中学到变化是好事，空格处应该进一步讲接受变化的好处，F项“Accepting change makes us more adaptable, and that sets us free.(接受改变会让我们更有适应能力，从而让我们获得自由。)”符合语境，解释接受变化的好处，承接前文，选项中的change和前文的change是同词复现。故选F。 【38题详解】 前文“Flexibility is what helps a leaf endure. If there’s a lot of sun in the area, the leaves of a particular plant will be smaller, thicker, and will change their color. Leaves growing in the shade, on the other hand, will be larger, greener, and thinner, so they could absorb more sunlight.(灵活性是帮助叶子持久的东西。如果该地区阳光充足，特定植物的叶子会更小、更厚，并且会改变颜色。另一方面，在阴凉处生长的叶子会更大、更绿、更薄，因此它们可以吸收更多的阳光。)”具体描述自然中植物生存的灵活性，D项“The ability to adapt quickly is an important ability.(快速适应的能力是一项重要的能力。)”符合语境，说明快速适应的重要性，承接前文，选项中的adapt quickly是对前文的Flexibility的阐释。G项虽然也提到了适应环境，但是仍然在讨论自然的叶子本身，没有上升到从自然中学习这一主题，因此不符合语境。故选D。 【39题详解】 空处位于段首，需统领段落内容。后文“When you spend time in nature, by the sea, in the forest, or in the desert, you’ll notice nothing really happens hurriedly.(当你花时间在大自然中，在海边，在森林里，或者在沙漠里，你会发现没有什么事情是匆忙发生的。)”描述自然中没有什么是匆忙发生，A项“Nature is never in a rush.(大自然从不匆忙。)”符合语境，说明自然不匆忙，可统领后文内容，后文的hurriedly呼应选项中的in a rush。故选A。 【40题详解】 后文“We overload ourselves with work that we can’t fit into 24 hours and then we get stressed out.(我们无法在24小时内完成超负荷的工作，然后我们感到压力很大。)”描述人总是负担过重、忙忙碌碌，E项“On the other hand, human beings are always in a hurry.(另一方面，人类总是匆匆忙忙的。)”符合语境，点明人类匆匆忙忙，和前文自然的不匆忙形成对比，引出后文。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As the saying goes, “Interest is the seed of everything”. Since childhood, Cantero had been living with football that had a ____41____ effect on her. She had always loved football as well as art, and fortunately she found a way to ____42____ the two things. Lili Cantero prepared a new colorful show of her works to take to the World Cup in Qatar. The 29-year-old artist was famous for ____43____ soccer shoes for stars. Her new artworks included shoes and balls with pictures and designs. Many of them were ____44____ by the Middle Eastern nation, Qatar, and especially its capital Doha brought her lots of ____45____ ideas. The city welcomed national teams from the world to ____46____ in the World Cup. Cantero ____47____ sent a pair of shoes to Argentine star Lionel Messi. The shoes had fancy details with black and white image of the ____48____ and his family. She didn’t know if Messi would even receive the shoes. But ____49____, she received a photo of Messi holding them. That marked a turning point in her_____50_____. Then her colorful designs _____51_____ other stars. She even met a famous former Brazilian star and gave him a pair of _____52_____ and a football showing a kiss his mother had given him after winning an award in 2005. In Qatar, Cantero planned to show eight footballs with designs that showed her _____53_____ for eight countries winning the World Cup, thinking that they were _____54_____ of the admiration of all. Finally, the footballs were the centerpiece of the World Cup exhibition, while the boots were presented within three-dimensional _____55_____ looking like the stadiums that Qatar built for the World Cup. 41. A. slight B. limited C. significant D. temporary 42. A. compare B. explain C. investigate D. connect 43. A. making B. painting C. purchasing D. donating 44. A. inspired B. checked C. sponsored D. arranged 45. A. narrow B. conventional C. novel D. literary 46. A. turn B. compete C. speak D. explore 47. A. still B. never C. often D. ever 48. A. artist B. judge C. player D. photographer 49. A. in surprise B. in vain C. on time D. on hand 50. A. plan B. career C. team D. stadium 51. A. confused B. hurt C. changed D. drew 52. A. sweaters B. glasses C. boots D. socks 53. A. respect B. insurance C. debt D. cost 54. A. aware B. worthy C. ignorant D. suspicious 55. A. maps B. rocks C. movements D. structures 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B 51. D 52. C 53. A 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了艺术家坎特罗把足球和美术联系了起来，她为明星在足球鞋上作画。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从童年起，足球就一直伴随着坎特罗的生活，对她产生了重大影响。A. slight轻微的；B. limited有限的；C. significant重要的；D. temporary暂时的。根据下文“She had always loved football as well as art, and fortunately she found a way to ____ the two things.”可知，坎特罗热爱足球，说明足球对她产生了很大影响。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直热爱足球和美术，幸运的是，她找到了一种将两者联系起来的方法。A. compare比较；B. explain解释；C. investigate调查；D. connect连接。根据句中“She had always loved football as well as art”和下文“The 29-year-old artist was famous for ____ soccer shoes for stars. Her new artworks included shoes and balls with pictures and designs.”可知，坎特罗把足球和美术联系了起来，在球鞋和足球上作画。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位29岁的艺术家以为明星在足球鞋上作画而闻名。A. making制作；B. painting画；C. purchasing购买；D. donating捐赠。根据下文“Cantero ____ sent a pair of shoes to Argentine star Lionel Messi. The shoes had fancy details with black and white image of the ____ and his family.”可知，坎特罗为明星在足球鞋上作画。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中许多作品都受到了中东国家卡塔尔的启发，尤其是卡塔尔首都多哈给她带来了许多新奇的想法。A. inspired赋予灵感，启发；B. checked检查；C. sponsored赞助；D. arranged安排。主语“Many of them”指代上文“Her new artworks”，结合常识和句中“especially its capital Doha brought her lots of ____ ideas.”可推知，坎特罗的艺术作品受到中东国家卡塔尔的启发。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中许多作品都受到了中东国家卡塔尔的启发，尤其是卡塔尔首都多哈给她带来了许多新奇的想法。A. narrow狭窄的；B. conventional依照惯例的；C. novel新颖的；D. literary文学的。结合句中“ideas”和下文“The city welcomed national teams from the world to ____ in the World Cup.”可推知，举办世界杯的多哈给坎特罗带来新奇的想法。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这座城市欢迎来自世界各地的国家队参加世界杯。A. turn使转动；B. compete参加比赛；C. speak谈话；D. explore探讨。根据句中“national teams from the world”和“the World Cup”可知，世界各地的国家队参加世界杯球赛。故选B项。 【47题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：坎特罗曾给阿根廷球星梅西送过一双鞋。A. still仍然；B. never决不；C. often常常；D. ever曾经。根据下文“She didn’t know if Messi would even receive the shoes. But ____ , she received a photo of Messi holding them.”可知，坎特罗给球星梅西送球鞋是已经发生的了的事情。故选D项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这双鞋的细节很别致，上面有球员和他家人的黑白照片。A. artist艺术家；B. judge法官；C. player运动员；D. photographer摄影师。根据上文“Cantero ____ sent a pair of shoes to Argentine star Lionel Messi.”和句中“image of the ____ and his family”可知，球鞋上画的是梅西和他的家人。故选C项。 【49题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：但令她惊讶的是，她收到了一张梅西拿着它们的照片。A. in surprise惊讶的；B. in vain徒劳 ；C. on time准时；D. on hand在手边。根据上文“She didn’t know if Messi would even receive the shoes.”和句中“she received a photo of Messi holding them.”可知，坎特罗最初不确定梅西是否能收到球鞋，但最后她收到梅西发来的照片，这令她感到惊讶。故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那标志着她事业的转折点。A. plan计划；B. career事业；C. team队，小组；D. stadium体育场。结合上文和下文“Then her colorful designs ____ other stars.”可知，在得到球星梅西的肯定后，坎特罗开始给更多的球星画球鞋，这是她的事业的转折点。故选B项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她多彩的设计吸引了其他球星。A. confused使糊涂；B. hurt使受伤；C. changed改变；D. drew吸引。根据句中“colorful designs”可知，她多彩的设计吸引了其他球星。故选D项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她甚至遇到了一位著名的前巴西明星，并送给他一双球鞋和一个足球，上面有他母亲在2005年获奖后给他的一个吻。A. sweaters毛衣；B. glasses眼镜；C. boots靴子；D. socks袜子。根据上文可知，坎特罗为球星在足球鞋上作画，所以她送的是“一双球鞋”。故选C项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在卡塔尔，坎特罗计划展示八个足球，这些足球的设计表达了她对八个赢得世界杯的国家的敬意，她认为这些国家值得所有人钦佩。A. respect尊重，敬意；B. insurance保险；C. debt欠款；D. cost价钱。根据句中“eight countries winning the World Cup”可知，这八个国家赢得世界杯，所以要展示的是对它们的敬意。故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在卡塔尔，坎特罗计划展示八个足球，这些足球的设计表达了她对八个赢得世界杯的国家的敬意，她认为这些国家值得所有人尊敬。A. aware知道的；B. worthy值得……的；C. ignorant无知的；D. suspicious怀疑的。根据句中“eight countries winning the World Cup”可知，这八个国家赢得世界杯，所以它们值得尊敬。故选B项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，足球是世界杯展览的中心，而球鞋则在三维结构中展示，看起来像卡塔尔为世界杯建造的体育场。A. maps地图；B. rocks岩石；C. movements运动；D. structures结构。根据句中“looking like the stadiums”可知，这是一个三维的结构。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Forbidden City, also ____56____(refer) to as the Palace Museum in the modern days, is located in the heart of Beijing. It is an ancient ____57____(architecture) complex with a history of over 600 years. The aerial view of the Forbidden City shows it is a symmetrical layout. The three main halls-the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony comprise the Forbidden City’s central line, ____58____ is flanked (两侧有) by more than 70 palaces with over 9, 000 rooms. The buildings are all covered with golden roofs with red columns and high walls beneath, ____59____(symbolize) the noble status of the royal family. In addition to ____60____(it) magnificent appearance, the Palace Museum also houses over one million pieces of cultural relics and treasures. In recent years, the Forbidden City has become ____61____ Internet celebrity, launching thousands of cultural and artistic products. These products are well enjoyed by ____62____(consumer), combining the traditional imperial elements with modern technology. Up to now, a “Digital Forbidden City” ____63____(create). The development of the Internet and AR technology has allowed people to visit the palace in an immersive way and to observe the panorama and details of the imperial treasures. As a new day begins, the ancient Forbidden City continues to welcome visitors at home and abroad. Be it onsite or online, your visit ____64____ the Forbidden City may help you travel through time and space and_____65_____(true) appreciate the time-honored Chinese culture. 【答案】56. referred 57. architectural 58. which 59. symbolizing 60. its 61. an 62. consumers 63. has been created 64. to 65. truly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了故宫古建筑群和对它的旅游开发。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：紫禁城，在现代也被称为故宫博物院，位于北京的中心。“(refer) to as the Palace Museum in the modern days”作后置定语修饰名词The Forbidden City，refer是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The Forbidden City之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填referred。 【57题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这是一个有600多年历史的古建筑群。提示词修饰名词complex，应用形容词architectural作定语，意为“建筑风格的”。故填architectural。 【58题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：三个主殿——太和殿、中和殿和保和殿构成了紫禁城中心线，它的两侧是70多座宫殿，有9000多个房间。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Forbidden City’s central line，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系副词which引导该从句。故填which。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些建筑都覆盖着金色的屋顶，下面有红色的柱子和高墙，象征着皇室的高贵地位。“(symbolize) the noble status of the royal family”作伴随状语，symbolize是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The buildings之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动和伴随。故填symbolizing。 【60题详解】 考查代词。句意：除了其宏伟外观，故宫博物院还藏有超过100万件文物和珍宝。提示词修饰名词appearance，应用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。 【61题详解】 考查冠词。句意：近年来，故宫已经成为明星，推出了数千种文化艺术产品。可数名词celebrity在句中表示“一个明星”，泛指，空格后单词Internet发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些产品将传统帝王元素与现代科技相结合，深受消费者喜爱。根据句意，产品是受到很多消费者的喜爱，“消费者”是复数概念，用复数形式consumers，作宾语。故填consumers。 【63题详解】 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，一个“数字故宫”已经创建。分析句子可知，create(创建)是句中谓语动词，与主语a “Digital Forbidden City”之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语Up to now，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的被动语态，单数形式。故填has been created。 【64题详解】 考查介词。句意：无论是在现场还是在网上，参观故宫都能让你穿越时空，真正领略悠久的中华文化。visit to...是固定搭配，介词短语作后置定语，其中介词to表示“到某处”。故填to。 【65题详解】 考查副词。句意：无论是在现场还是在网上，参观故宫都能让你穿越时空，真正领略悠久的中华文化。提示词修饰动词appreciate，应用副词truly作状语。故填truly。 第三节 单词填空：用适当的形式填空（共8小题，每小题1分，共8分） 66. The laws have led to a reduction in fuel________(consume)in the U.S. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consumption 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些法律已导致美国燃油消耗量的减少。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词后宾语，fuel consumption表“燃油消耗量”，且consumption表“消耗”为不可数名词。故填consumption。 67. His ____________ (appreciate) was obviously shown in the article. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】appreciation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他的赞赏在文章中表现得很明显。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作主语，appreciate的名词形式是appreciation。故填appreciation。 68. The optimistic boy’s ____________ (commit) to being an astronaut motivated him to study harder. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】commitment 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个乐观的男孩立志要成为一名宇航员，这促使他更加努力地学习。空前是名词所有格，所以空处应填名词作主语，commit的名词形式是commitment。故填commitment。 69. ____________ (expose) to all kinds of electronic games, the boy lost interest in his study. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Exposed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：接触了各种各样的电子游戏后，这个男孩对学习失去了兴趣。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，因与其逻辑主语the boy之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作状语，故填Exposed。 70. He was an ____________ (ambition) man with a strong motive for doing something. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】ambitious 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是一个有抱负的人，有着强烈的动机去做某事。空处需要用到形容词作定语修饰名词man。ambition是一个名词，其形容词为ambitious，故填ambitious。 71. ____________ (motivate) by the desire to succeed, every student in our class works hard. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Motivated 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我们班的每一个学生都被成功的愿望所激励，努力学习。空处为非谓语动词，motivate与every student 为被动关系，用过去分词作状语。首字母大写。故填Motivated。 72. ____________ (apparent), with the population exploding, the island was in chaos. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Apparently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，随着人口的激增，这个岛陷入了混乱。修饰后文句子应用副词apparently，首字母大写。故填Apparently。 73. As a _____________ (nobly) educator, he tried his best to assist the left-behind children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】noble 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名高尚的教育工作者，他竭尽全力帮助留守儿童。此处修饰名词educator应用形容词noble。故填noble。 第四节 选词填空有一多余选项 （共7小题，每小题1分，共7分） 选词填空 A. care about B. from head to toe C. make an effort D. came across E. in secret F. out of mercy G. regardless of H. a lack of 74. I don't believe that he helped that girl just ____________. 75. I will ____________ to help that timid boy overcome his shyness. 76. It is reported that the amber room was moved ____________ that night. 77. While staying in France，I ____________ those graceful girls. 78. Nobody has the right to exclaim in public ____________ their social position or age. 79. The woman pretended not to ____________ money，so the villagers all liked her. 80. The man glanced at me ____________, and then left the meeting room. 【答案】74. F 75. C 76. E 77. D 78. G 79. A 80. B 【解析】 【74题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：我不相信他帮助那个女孩是出于仁慈。out of mercy“出于仁慈”符合句意，介词短语作状语，故选F。 75题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我将努力帮助那个胆小的男孩克服他的羞怯。make an effort“努力”符合句意，作谓语，will后接动词原形构成一般将来时，故选C。 【76题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：据报道，那天晚上琥珀屋被秘密移动了。in secret“秘密地”符合句意，介词短语作状语，故选E。 【77题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在法国逗留期间，我遇到了那些优雅的女孩。come across“偶然遇见”符合句意，由“While staying in France”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故选D。 【78题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：不论社会地位和年龄，任何人都没有权利在公共场合大声喊叫。regardless of“不论”符合句意，故选G。 【79题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这个女人假装不在乎钱，所以村民们都喜欢她。care about“在乎”符合句意，不定式作宾语，故选A。 【80题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：那人把我从头到脚看了一眼，然后离开了会议室。from head to toe“从头到脚”符合句意，故选B。 第四部分 读后续写（共一节，满分25分） 81. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After a very meaningful conversation with my dad about the old days, we came up with an object that we both remembered clearly. It was my first bicycle. My mind told me I got it when I was seven, who was cheated to ride it for fifty yards alone the first time I tried! My dad put together all the small pieces of the bicycle from a beautiful material that he called, “Your own car.” Of course I knew he had some magical ability, but I didn’t think he could make such an awesome object. He added the seat and the pedals (脚踏板) so that I would not have any problems. My dad recalled the bicycle was the smallest he could find while I remember how huge it was. I was so afraid of it and there was no way that I was going to control that monster-sized material. The bicycle was left in my backyard as a decoration for a month because I refused to ride it. Honestly, I was scared to try it. After a month, my dad gave me a lecture to teach me what being a man was all about. I was finally determined to try it. My dad was proud of me and I felt very manly. He and I went to the park to see what we could do there. The park was empty when we arrived. I had no doubt that my dad told everybody not to be there because we had to use it. I felt sorry for other people, but I was proud to have such an capable person as my dad. We found a smooth and open space. My dad was holding the back part of the seat to make sure I didn’t fell. He promised me that I was not going to fall because he would be running right behind, holding the bicycle. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I started to pedal and the bicycle moved. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I turned around and found my dad was not behind. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A possible version I started to pedal and the bicycle moved. As the wheels responded beautifully and smoothly, it was for the first time that I felt this sensation of freewheeling. Carefully steering the bicycle, my heart thumped as the bicycle was accelerating. Attempting to behave manly, I sat straight, pedaling and wondering whether and when I could handle the bike on my own. Minutes ticked by before it hit me that my dad would be worn out after following me for such a long distance. “Dad, you could let go if you are tired.” I yelled. No response! I turned around and found my dad was not behind. My mind going blank, I was scared out of wits! I landed on the road and fell off the bike before I knew where the brakes were. Luckily, I only got some scratches on the knees and elbows. Minutes later, my dad caught up and congratulated me on my being manly for cycling 50 yards on my own. After a few more hours’ practice I learnt how to pedal, steer, turn and brake properly. A little frightening as the experience was, I felt the joy of learning to do something independently and grateful for the meaningful memory with my father. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和在和爸爸就过去的时光进行了一次非常有意义的交谈后，他们想出了一件他们都记得很清楚的东西。就是作者的第一辆自行车以及作者第一次骑自行车的经历。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我开始踩踏板，自行车就动了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在爸爸的帮助下，作者骑走了自行车。但作者担心爸爸累，要求爸爸松手。 ②由第二段首句内容“我转过身，发现爸爸不在后面。”可知，第二段可描写爸爸想放开手让作者独自骑行，作者通过反复的练习，慢慢的开始会骑自行车了。 2.续写线索：我骑走自行车——担心爸爸累——发现爸爸不在——我摔倒——爸爸教——反复练习——学会骑车 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①(心)怦怦跳：thump /pound ②操控：handle /control /operate ③转身：turn around / turn back 情绪类 ①害怕：scared /frightened ②愉快：joy /pleasure ③感激的：grateful /thankful 【点睛】 [高分句型1]. As the wheels responded beautifully and smoothly, it was for the first time that I felt this sensation of freewheeling.（运用as引导的时间状语从句和强调句型。） [高分句型2]. Attempting to behave manly, I sat straight, pedaling and wondering whether and when I could handle the bike on my own.（运用现在分词作状语以及whether和when引导的宾语从句。） [高分句型3]. Minutes ticked by before it hit me that my dad would be worn out after following me for such a long distance.（运用before引导时间状语从句以及that引导主语从句。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $