精品解析：2024届福建省泉州市泉港区第二中学高三下学期第一次模拟预测英语试题

null 泉港二中2023-2024学年高三下学期一模英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will Karen do? A. Check the time. B. Stop playing the piano. C. Apologize to her neighbors. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a bus. B. In the street. C. At a museum. 3. 此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does Michelle suggest Mark do? A. See a doctor. B. Control his diet. C. Try the new ice cream shop. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man think of the phone? A. It is expensive. B. It is outdated. C. It is of poor quality. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A dinner party. B. A new restaurant. C. The cafeteria food. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is broken in the sales department? A. A light. B. A copy machine. C. An air conditioner. 7. What is Max going to do first? A. Deal with other urgent repairs. B. Entertain important customers. C. Arrange a lunch appointment. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How many people are expected to attend the party? A. About 250. B. About 300. C. About 350. 9. Why can't the party be held in the Pine Room? A. There's not enough room. B. The decoration isn't good. C. It is a bit far. 10. What will Dr. Darren do next Friday night? A. Listen to a report. B. Take part in a party. C. Work on a speech. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Why does the man make the call? A. The quality of the pizzas is poor. B. His delivery is seriously delayed. C. He got the wrong number of pizzas. 12. How does the woman solve the problem? A. Return the money. B. Send the pizzas once more. C. Take back the delivered pizzas. 13. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s complaint? A. Annoyed. B. Carefree. C. Apologetic. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 15. Why did Sam miss some classes? A. He asked for sick leave. B. He took a trip to London. C. He looked after his father. 16. When will the speakers meet in the evening? A. At 5:00. B. At 6:00. C. At 7:00. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How much is the most popular ticket? A. 39. B. 43. C. 35. 18. Who started Madame Tussauds Museum? A. A French king. B. An art teacher. C. A footballer. 19. Where is the fourth Madame Tussauds Museum? A. In London. B. In Amsterdam. C. In Washington. 20. What is the speaker about to do? A. Have a rest in a cafe. B. Hand out some guidebooks. C. Tour around the museum shop. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Birmingham is the second largest city of the United Kingdom. It lies near the geographic center of England. It’s one of England’s major industrial and commercial areas. Here’re some places in Birmingham you may be interested in living in. Solihull Located 7.5 miles southeast of Birmingham, Solihull offers the best of both worlds for the perfect combination of city and country living. With several top-rated schools, Solihull is a perfect location for families, and with over 1,500acres of parks, there’re plenty of green spaces to keep the kids entertained as well. With easy transport links into Birmingham, it’s a great choice for commuters (通勤人员) and what’s more, Birmingham Airport is located in Solihull. Erdington Situated five miles northeast of the city center, Erdington has to be one of the best places to live in and around Birmingham. This is a very well-connected city suburb, with easy motorway access, great bus links and a railway station on the Cross City Line. Digbeth If you’re looking to buy your first home in Birmingham, Digbeth could be the perfect choice. The area is a hub for the creative industry, with the Custard Factory and Fazeley Studios both hosting a huge variety of digital and cultural businesses. It’s very tolerant of all kinds of culture, making it one of the most dynamic places to live in. Edgbaston Edgbaston is one of the richest areas in Birmingham, well-known for its green spaces and Birmingham Botanical Gardens. There’re many other attractions for those not interested in sports, including the pretty Victorian campus of Birmingham University and multiple Michelin-starred restaurants. It is a suitable place to live in. 21. What’s special about Solihull? A. It is very suitable for the old. B. It has the largest park in Birmingham. C. It is the trading center of Birmingham. D It shows the mix of rural and urban life. 22. Which place presents cultural diversity? A. Digbeth. B. Erdington. C. Edgbaston. D. Solihull. 23. What is the author trying to persuade readers to do in Birmingham? A. Attend university. B. Go on a tour. C. Buy houses. D. Start businesses. B Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation. Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date. In 2018, Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said. The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from. Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA. As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small. 24. What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection? A. The influence of his family. B. Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances. C. The demand of the football team. D. His fellow athletes’ encouragement. 25. Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals? A. To gain Kenya’s support. B. To set an example for others. C. To catch Arsenal’s attention. D. To show his achievements. 26. What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals? A. Promoting football’s development. B. Going global with the help of FIFA. C. Beating climate change completely. D. Getting beyond Green Belt Movement. 27. What can we learn from Lesein’s story? A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. A youth is to be regarded with respect. C. Positive thinking and action result in success. D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied. C The past few months have brought electrifying news that, for the first time, a gene treatment has provided some hearing to children born with deafness. Eli Lilly announced this week, for example, that a profoundly deaf boy from Morocco given its treatment as part of a clinical trial in Philadelphia can now hear. And five children in China treated similarly at younger ages gained hearing with some able to verbally communicate without their cochlear implants (人工耳蜗). Their hearing recovery, first covered by the press in October 2023, is described in detail this week in The Lancet. “It’s an enormous achievement,” says geneticist Karen Avraham of Tel Aviv University. Otolaryngologist (耳鼻喉科专家) and gene therapist Lawrence Lustig of Columbia University, whose lab was among the first to test the same approach in mice, agrees. “Other than cochlear implants, we haven’t really had any successful treatments to treat deafness,” he notes. The various efforts from companies and academic centers each use a virus to insert the same gene, OTOF, into the children’s inner ear so the so-called hair cells there can sense sound and transmit it to the brain. The new deafness treatments add to a string of recent successes for the gene treatment field, but also raise questions. The ear’s hair cells don’t divide, so the new copies of OTOF they contain should persist and continue to instruct the cells to make OTOF. Gene expression could drop off over time or the ear could mount an immune response that shuts it off. But Lustig is optimistic that the various challenges will be overcome. “Now that we’ve got one success story, there’s going to be more money coming in to fund some of these other projects,” he says. 28. What do we know about the new treatment? A. It is a totally mature practice. B. It’s a China-only clinical trial. C. It uses a virus to sense sound. D. It aims to treat the deafness. 29. Which of the following best describes the impact of the treatment? A. Breakthrough. B. Regret. C. Disappointment. D. Adventure. 30. What is the problem of the gene treatment? A. The brain refuses to receive it. B. Gene stops to produce hair cells. C Gene expression might be weakened. D. Companies really profit a lot from it. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Electrifying News Based on Some Clinical Trials B. Gene Treatment That Brings Deaf Children Hope C. Ways How Scientists Develop Cochlear Implants D. Challenges About the New Deafness Treatment D Hundreds or even thousands of jackdaws (寒鸦) are known to launch into the winter sky at once from the treetops at sunrise, and then split into smaller groups to feed throughout the day. Now, ecologists know that this synchronized (同步的) departure is timed with a complicated behavior called “consensus decision-making”, where the majority agree to take action. To figure it out, researchers in the United Kingdom recorded hundreds of hours of their bird calls in Cornwall over several months. They measured when the first jackdaws began their calls, how loud the birds were, and how quickly the swell (增强) of calls rose, and then compared these sounds to footage (镜头) of those birds’ departures. The team found that the jackdaw group left together once the chorus of calls reached a critical mass--the more rapidly the chorus swelled, the earlier the birds left. “They all leave together in a few seconds. The sky just fills with black birds forthwith. It is just like a black snowstorm,” Alex Thornton, an ecologist at the University of Exeter, UK, told New Scientist. Every call is a jackdaw casting its vote to leave. “At first you just get a few calls, then more and more birds join in and it builds and builds. And the steeper the increase, the earlier they leave,” Thornton added. On rare occasions, when the intensity of the chorus doesn’t build enough and the jackdaws don’t agree, the birds instead launch off in small numbers. The team also found that once jackdaws reached a consensus they departed almost immediately, with hundreds of individuals flying in less than five seconds. When scientists played past recordings of calls back to the jackdaws, getting in the way of the group’s natural crescendo (渐强的声音), they were able to push forward the birds’ launching by more than six minutes. The birds did not, however, change their launch times in response to other noises. “The gregarious (群居的) birds prefer to leave as a group, although each jackdaw will have a slightly different preference as to when they want to leave, based on factors like their size and hunger,” Alex Dibnah, a University of Exeter graduate student and lead author of the study, said in a statement. “Leaving the roost (栖息处) together has various benefits, including safety from predators and access to information such as where to find food.” This research shows the critical role vocalizations (发声) play in group decision-making for this species. One next step for this research, according to the authors, is to figure out how human-created noises might affect this process and the spread of information throughout these communities. “Imagine a big roost near a town or busy road,” Thornton said. “If the birds can’t hear each other and can’t form a consensus to leave together, it could have big impacts on their population.” 32. What is the purpose of the research in Cornwall? A. To understand how jackdaws reach an agreement. B. To study what makes jackdaws’ departure time unique. C. To make a comparison of jackdaws’ calls with other birds’. D. To assess the importance of jackdaws’ complicated behaviors. 33. What does the underlined “forthwith” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Frequently. B. Gradually. C. Traditionally. D. Immediately. 34. What can be inferred about the jackdaw group from Paragraph 4? A. It can reach an agreement within seconds. B. Its launch times vary little from season to season. C. It can distinguish its natural calls from other noises. D. It makes no response to the past recordings of calls. 35. What do the researchers plan to study next? A. The impacts of human hunting on jackdaws’ population. B. The effects of noises on jackdaws’ group decision-making. C. The way jackdaws spread information in their communities. D. The role of jackdaws’ vocalizations in group decision-making. 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In early October, Travis Gienger transported an enormous pumpkin (南瓜) from his home in Minnesota to the World Championship Pumpkin Weigh-Off in California. His pumpkin set the record for the biggest one ever grown in North America. How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes? ___36___ Gienger, who teaches horticulture (园艺学) at Anoka Technical College, begins growing his pumpkins in mid-April, starting with seeds that he grows indoors for the first few weeks, when Minnesota’s soil is too frosty. ___37___ They can absorb sunlight, nutrients from the soil, and water there. “At their peak, you’re watering them with at least 600 liters a day, ” he says. Depending on the variety pumpkin plants can grow up to a dozen fruits on a single vine (藤曼) . But to maximize size, growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources. ___38___ But what exactly happens inside a pumpkin as it grows? Two factors drive natural growth: cell division and cell expansion. Cell division accounts for most of the growth at the beginning of a fruit’s life. This period lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants. ___39___ Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination (授粉). ___40___ Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size. Still, there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety. This has led to competition for the best seeds. Following each harvest, many growers auction off (拍卖掉) the seeds from their biggest pumpkins, which will then be used for the following year’s plantings. A. Biology has the answers. B. Genetics also influences pumpkin growth. C. The following tips will give you a head start. D. Once it warms up, the plants are transferred outside. E. When it stops, cell expansion will then come into play. F. Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible. G. Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When my son Reace celebrated his sixth birthday two years ago, he made a wish that I would get a transplant. Less than a week later, his wish came true when I received new ____41____. Born with a breathing disease, I was able to manage my ____42____ without a hospital visit until I was 23. At 30, ____43____, it steadily worsened and I was ____44____ for a transplant. I started having check-ups once a year, then every six months, then every three months until I was ____45____ living at the hospital and reliant on oxygen to survive. Everyday ____46____ like having a shower or brushing my hair became ____47____. After four months on the list, I ____48____ the call to say a pair of lungs was available. The transplant was successful and the ____49____ was noticeable. Before my transplant I had been so _____50_____, I couldn’t even walk from the couch to the front door without _____51_____ my breath—and it was only six paces. _____52_____, I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference. I had _____53_____ what it would be like to be a _____54_____ person and now I know. I can do everything an ordinary mum would do: housework, workout, or taking Reace to basketball. I am extremely grateful to my _____55_____ and his family. 41. A. medicines B. gifts C. lungs D. hearts 42. A. condition B. weight C. stress D. emotion 43. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. besides 44. A. scheduled B. hospitalized C. listed D. selected 45. A. barely B. previously C. temporarily D. basically 46. A. tasks B. challenges C. decisions D. concerns 47. A. necessary B. fundamental C. impossible D. contradictory 48. A. missed B. received C. returned D. rejected 49. A. symptom B. damage C. trouble D. difference 50. A. sick B. nervous C. sensitive D. innocent 51. A. catching B. holding C. losing D. recovering 52. A. Fortunately B. Actually C. Possibly D. Eventually 53. A. understood B. experienced C. recalled D. wondered 54. A. normal B. distinguished C. disabled D. responsible 55. A. doctor B. nurse C. child D. donor 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 March 14 is right around the comer, and math learners know ____56____ that means. It’s Pi Day, a holiday honoring one of math’s most famous constants (常量): pi. The number pi, or π, is equal to the circumference (圆周长) of a circle ____57____ (divide) by the circle’s diameter (直径). That comes out to about 3.14159. This is true for circles of all sizes, from ____58____ (penny) to pizzas to planets. Pi’s value is often rounded to 3.14. That’s why Pi Day ____59____ (celebrate) on March 14. It’s also why one Earth-sized planet orbiting another star every 3.14 days is nicknamed “Pi Earth.” But the exact value of pi is ____60____ (actual) impossible to write out. Last year, a ____61____ (power) computer calculated pi to record-breaking 62.8 trillion (万亿) figures. And in 2005, one 23-year-old used clever mental tricks to recite nearly 68,000 of those figures from memory. No one, though, will ever get to ____62____ end of pi. Historians aren’t sure when people first ____63____ (discover) the concept of pi. But it’s been known in some form ____64____ almost 4,000 years. Ancient Greeks and Babylonians knew estimates of it. The Egyptians may have used pi _____65_____ (build) the pyramids. And still today, pi is used in just about all math involving circles. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分) 第一节（满分15分) 66. 假设你是李华，你校将在毕业仪式活动中举办展览，邀请每位同学提供成长过程中具有纪念意义的物品参展，并撰写展品介绍供参观者阅读。你会提供什么物品？写一篇物品介绍，内容包括： 1. 对该物品的简要描述；2. 你选择该物品参展的原因。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 I choose to exhibit _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It had been a challenging week, marked by a sudden large increase in oil prices coinciding with a sharp drop in temperatures in Boston. It was nearly below zero degree. With three missed workdays under my belt, my upcoming paycheck was going to be lower than normal. The stress weighed heavily on me as I carefully sought for every conceivable opportunity to save pennies, ensuring that I could afford both groceries and keep the house warm. My eight-year-old son didn’t understand when I told him we were struggling that week. He had his heart set on a particular brand of yogurt, but I didn’t have the extra three dollars to buy it for him. It was the kind of yogurt decorated with a cartoon child skateboarding on its packaging, containing a mere two spoonfuls per cup. Such products, designed to lure children with their flashy marketing, only served to make me hate advertising. However, a bunch of parental guilt gripped me as his innocent eyes met mine, silently questioning, “Why is yogurt such a big deal?” Determıned to sweep his disappointment, I made a sacrifice typical of single mothers. I returned an item needed to the shelf, ensuring that he could enjoy his favorite yogurt. On the journey back from the grocery store, a sight caught my attention—a homeless man, holding a sign by the roadside. My heart ached, and I turned around, observing passers-by purposefully steer (绕开) clear of him, avoiding any meaningful interaction. Even my son didn’t seem to care much. either. Yet, upon closer inspection, I noticed the man—bare hands grasping a piece of cardboard, snot frozen to his face, a worn-out jacket. And there I was struggling because I had to buy oil and groceries. But I decided to help. I pulled over to the man and handed him a five-dollar bill. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Seeing this, my son became confused and surprised. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On that day, my son performed an act that most adults wouldn’t have done. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 泉港二中2023-2024学年高三下学期一模英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题; 每题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will Karen do? A. Check the time. B. Stop playing the piano. C. Apologize to her neighbors. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Karen, it’s almost half past ten now. I’m afraid your neighbors will get annoyed if you keep playing the piano. W: I didn’t know it was already so late. I’ll cut it off right away. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a bus. B. In the street. C. At a museum. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Jennifer, are we getting off at the next stop? W: No, we’re stopping at the science museum. There are still three stops next. M: I really want to get off now. I’ve been standing for long. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does Michelle suggest Mark do? A. See a doctor. B. Control his diet. C. Try the new ice cream shop. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Michelle, let’s go to that new Ice cream shop this afternoon. We can eat as much Ice cream as we like there for just two dollars each. W: Mark, don’t you think you should go on a diet instead? M: You really talk like my doctor. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man think of the phone? A. It is expensive. B. It is outdated. C. It is of poor quality. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Could you tell me how much the phone costs? W: Around 800 dollars. This is the latest model and is very popular with white collars. M: Do you offer any discount? If not, could you introduce me something cheaper? 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A dinner party. B. A new restaurant. C. The cafeteria food. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: So, Mike, what do you think of the Cafeteria food? M: It’s okay, I guess it’s home made food. Why do you ask? Don’t you like the food there? W: Well, to tell you the truth, I think it’s awful. M: But it’s cheap, only five dollars for dinner. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三 个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What is broken in the sales department? A. A light. B. A copy machine. C. An air conditioner. 7. What is Max going to do first? A. Deal with other urgent repairs. B. Entertain important customers. C. Arrange a lunch appointment. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Max the sales department called and said something about a broken air conditioner. Unfortunately, a meeting with important customers starts right after lunch and they want to make sure it works properly before the meeting. Can you go and see if you can fix it? M: Oh, I have a couple of urgent repairs first thing this morning. Broken lights, broken copy machines and things. Can you check if someone can stay around until twelve noon or so? I should be able to look at it right before lunch time. W: I’ll call and find out. I’ll let you know in a while. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. How many people are expected to attend the party? A. About 250. B. About 300. C. About 350. 9. Why can't the party be held in the Pine Room? A. There's not enough room. B. The decoration isn't good. C. It is a bit far. 10. What will Dr. Darren do next Friday night? A. Listen to a report. B. Take part in a party. C. Work on a speech. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, doctor Darren, we are planning to have a party next Friday. Which room could we use? Ah, we are expecting around 300 people. Doctor Dennis suggested the pine room, but there are too many used books inside and it can only hold 250 people. What would you suggest? M: One moment, please. I would suggest the white room. It can hold 350 people at the most. Besides, it was newly decorated. Is it okay? W: Sure. Thank you. M: What time will you need it? W: I believe that 6 to 10 p. m. Would be okay? M: Okay. It’s all yours during those four hours. W: Thank you very much. Oh, doctor. Darren, would you please join us in the party on that day? M: I’d like to, but I’m afraid I can’t. I have to work on a speech with doctor Miller that night. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. Why does the man make the call? A. The quality of the pizzas is poor. B. His delivery is seriously delayed. C. He got the wrong number of pizzas. 12. How does the woman solve the problem? A. Return the money. B. Send the pizzas once more. C. Take back the delivered pizzas. 13. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s complaint? A. Annoyed. B. Carefree. C. Apologetic. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. C 【解析】 【原文】W: City pizzas, can I help you? M: Hello, my name’s Henry Cox. I’m calling you because you delivered our Pizza five minutes ago, but you haven’t sent the number I ordered. W: Oh, that’s surprising. Can you give me your order number please? M: Yes, it’s 1049. W: Well, let me check our records. I’ve got down that you wanted thirteen pizzas, just... M: Did you say thirteen? I ordered thirty, not thirteen. No wonder we haven’t got enough. W: I’m very sorry about that. So you’re missing seventeen pizzas, aren’t you? M: That’s right. W: How about sending you all thirty this time and they will all be hot. M: That would be great. How to deal with the thirteen ones we have here? Shall we give them back? W: No, you keep them and we won’t charge you for them. It’s obviously our mistake. M: Thank you very much. W: Thank you for your understanding, Mr. Cox. We apologize for the mistake again. Bye. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 15. Why did Sam miss some classes? A. He asked for sick leave. B. He took a trip to London. C. He looked after his father. 16. When will the speakers meet in the evening? A. At 5:00. B. At 6:00. C. At 7:00. 【答案】14. A 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Can I ask you a favor? W: What is it, Sam? M: Well, I was just wondering if you could help me with my history lessons because I’ve been absent for three days. W: Sure, why were you absent for so long? M: I was pretty sick after my trip to London, so the doctor suggested that I should not attend classes for a couple of days in order to rest. And my father helped me ask for sick leave. I decided to ask for your help because you always get good grades in history. W: I’m sorry to hear that you were sick, Sam. Don’t worry, I’ll help you out. Where should we start? What is the last topic you have in your notes? M: Let me see. I do recall that the last notes I have are about the wars between Athens and Sparta. I missed pretty much everything that came after that period in history. W: OK, there is a lot of information to cover then. M: So what time is convenient for you? Then I’ll come to your home, say 6 p. m.. W: We’d better start an hour later because we usually have dinner at that time. M: Okay. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How much is the most popular ticket? A. 39. B. 43. C. 35. 18. Who started Madame Tussauds Museum? A. A French king. B. An art teacher. C. A footballer. 19. Where is the fourth Madame Tussauds Museum? A. In London. B. In Amsterdam. C. In Washington. 20. What is the speaker about to do? A. Have a rest in a cafe. B. Hand out some guidebooks. C. Tour around the museum shop. 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Good afternoon. I would like to tell you about Madame Tussaud’s museum, before taking you around. First let me give you some information about the tickets. Well, our most popular ticket is 39 pounds. With that, you can also visit three more London’s most popular top attractions. The standard price that you have to pay when visiting four attractions is 55 pounds. Madame Tussaud’s has a long history. It was started by a lady who worked for the French king. She was an art teacher. Here you can see life sized figures of the most famous people in the world, like David Beckham, the footballer or the queen of England. Madame Tussaud’s is not only in London. The second madame Tousaud’s open in Amsterdam in 1992 and now there are museums in Las Vegas, Hollywood, new York. In 2008 the fourth American madame Tousaud’s open in Washington. After you visit, you can buy some gifts from the museums shop, and if anybody is hungry, there is a cafe and some great eating places in Baker street. The museum is open seven days a week, and you can see the times in the guide book of the museum, which I will give you in a minute. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Birmingham is the second largest city of the United Kingdom. It lies near the geographic center of England. It’s one of England’s major industrial and commercial areas. Here’re some places in Birmingham you may be interested in living in. Solihull Located 7.5 miles southeast of Birmingham, Solihull offers the best of both worlds for the perfect combination of city and country living. With several top-rated schools, Solihull is a perfect location for families, and with over 1,500acres of parks, there’re plenty of green spaces to keep the kids entertained as well. With easy transport links into Birmingham, it’s a great choice for commuters (通勤人员) and what’s more, Birmingham Airport is located in Solihull. Erdington Situated five miles northeast of the city center, Erdington has to be one of the best places to live in and around Birmingham. This is a very well-connected city suburb, with easy motorway access, great bus links and a railway station on the Cross City Line. Digbeth If you’re looking to buy your first home in Birmingham, Digbeth could be the perfect choice. The area is a hub for the creative industry, with the Custard Factory and Fazeley Studios both hosting a huge variety of digital and cultural businesses. It’s very tolerant of all kinds of culture, making it one of the most dynamic places to live in. Edgbaston Edgbaston is one of the richest areas in Birmingham, well-known for its green spaces and Birmingham Botanical Gardens. There’re many other attractions for those not interested in sports, including the pretty Victorian campus of Birmingham University and multiple Michelin-starred restaurants. It is a suitable place to live in. 21. What’s special about Solihull? A. It is very suitable for the old. B. It has the largest park in Birmingham. C. It is the trading center of Birmingham. D. It shows the mix of rural and urban life. 22. Which place presents cultural diversity? A. Digbeth. B. Erdington. C. Edgbaston. D. Solihull. 23. What is the author trying to persuade readers to do in Birmingham? A. Attend university. B. Go on a tour. C. Buy houses. D. Start businesses. 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了伯明翰的几个适合购房居住的地方。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Solihull部分中的“Located 7.5 miles southeast of Birmingham, Solihull offers the best of both worlds for the perfect combination of city and country living. (索利哈尔位于伯明翰东南7.5英里处，为城市和乡村生活的完美结合提供了两全其美的服务。)”可知，Solihull体现了城市和乡村生活的完美结合。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Digbeth部分中的“It’s very tolerant of all kinds of culture, making it one of the most dynamic places to live in. (它对各种文化都非常宽容，使它成为最具活力的居住地之一。)”可知，Digbeth具有很强的文化包容性。故选A。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Here’re some places in Birmingham you may be interested in living in (这里是伯明翰的一些地方，你可能会感兴趣居住。)”以及文章对四个地方的介绍中均提到了这些地方适合居住可知，文章属于卖房的广告。故选C。 B Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. It’s what the now 18-year-old soccer player treasures, especially since Kenya has an ongoing problem with deforestation. Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date. In 2018 Lesein decided to start a movement of his own. He started by planting one tree for every goal he scored during a football match. He called it Trees4Goals, and it has grown so much that he now plants 11 trees, one for each member of his team, every time he scores. Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. As a result, some of them have adapted this practice for their sports. “Seeing that they’re taking that responsibility because of the project I started, for me, that is the biggest achievement,” he said. The initiative has caught the attention of English football club Arsenal and Kenya’s Ministry of Environment and Forestry, which he now works with regularly and gets advice from. Like Green Belt Movement, Trees4Goals, which has planted 5,500 trees so far, has made it. While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon. “Football is a universal game, and climate change is a universal problem,” he explains. “It has the power to unite, educate and inspire my generation to create a safer and greener future.” This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA. As for what others can do to fight deforestation or other environmental concerns, the teenager says it’s important to just get involved in some way, no matter how small. 24. What made Lesein get interested in environmental protection? A. The influence of his family. B. Wangari Maathai’s huge assistances. C. The demand of the football team. D. His fellow athletes’ encouragement. 25. Why did Lesein found Trees4Goals? A. To gain Kenya’s support. B. To set an example for others. C. To catch Arsenal’s attention. D. To show his achievements. 26. What is Lesein’s hope for the future of Trees4Goals? A. Promoting football’s development. B. Going global with the help of FIFA. C. Beating climate change completely. D. Getting beyond Green Belt Movement. 27. What can we learn from Lesein’s story? A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. A youth is to be regarded with respect. C. Positive thinking and action result in success. D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei是一名足球队员，他发起了“一球一树（Trees4Goals）运动”，每进球一次，他为球队的每一位成员种一棵树，激励其他年轻人去保护环境。到目前为止，该运动已经种植了5100万棵树。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up in Kenya, Lesein Mutunkei, together with his family, always celebrated significant occasions by planting trees, which motivated him to protect the environment. (在肯尼亚长大的Lesein Mutunkei和他的家人总是通过植树来庆祝重要的节日，这促使他保护环境)”可知，在Lesein成长的过程中，他和他的家人总是以种树的方式来庆祝重要的节日，这激励他去保护环境。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Through this, he wants to inspire young people, specifically his fellow athletes, to follow in his footsteps, take nature conservation seriously, and promise to plant trees every time they score. (他希望借此激励年轻人，特别是他的运动员同伴，跟随他的脚步，认真对待自然保护，并承诺每次得分都要植树)”可知，Lesein发起“一球一树运动”是作出表率来激励他人保护环境。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“While Lesein has received some recognition for his initiative, he sets his sights on making it a worldwide phenomenon.(虽然莱辛的倡议得到了一些认可，但他的目标是让它成为一种全球现象)”及“This is why he wants to work with the world’s biggest football federation FIFA.(这就是为什么他想与世界上最大的足球联盟国际足联合作)”可知，在FIFA的帮助下，Lesein 希望“一球一树运动”走向全球。故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Mutunkei follows in the footsteps of the late Kenyan Nobel Peace Prize winner Wangari Maathai who founded the Green Belt Movement in 1977. This initiative has resulted in the planting of over 51 million trees to date.(Mutunkei追随了已故的肯尼亚诺贝尔和平奖得主旺加里·马塔伊的脚步，后者于1977年创立了绿带运动。迄今为止，这一举措已导致种植了5100多万棵树)”及全文内容可知，Lesein从小耳濡目染，很有环保意识，后受到启发，发起了“一球一树运动”并取得了成功。可见，他的故事说明：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。故选C。 C The past few months have brought electrifying news that, for the first time, a gene treatment has provided some hearing to children born with deafness. Eli Lilly announced this week, for example, that a profoundly deaf boy from Morocco given its treatment as part of a clinical trial in Philadelphia can now hear. And five children in China treated similarly at younger ages gained hearing with some able to verbally communicate without their cochlear implants (人工耳蜗). Their hearing recovery, first covered by the press in October 2023, is described in detail this week in The Lancet. “It’s an enormous achievement,” says geneticist Karen Avraham of Tel Aviv University. Otolaryngologist (耳鼻喉科专家) and gene therapist Lawrence Lustig of Columbia University, whose lab was among the first to test the same approach in mice, agrees. “Other than cochlear implants, we haven’t really had any successful treatments to treat deafness,” he notes. The various efforts from companies and academic centers each use a virus to insert the same gene, OTOF, into the children’s inner ear so the so-called hair cells there can sense sound and transmit it to the brain. The new deafness treatments add to a string of recent successes for the gene treatment field, but also raise questions. The ear’s hair cells don’t divide, so the new copies of OTOF they contain should persist and continue to instruct the cells to make OTOF. Gene expression could drop off over time or the ear could mount an immune response that shuts it off. But Lustig is optimistic that the various challenges will be overcome. “Now that we’ve got one success story, there’s going to be more money coming in to fund some of these other projects,” he says. 28. What do we know about the new treatment? A. It is a totally mature practice. B. It’s a China-only clinical trial. C. It uses a virus to sense sound. D. It aims to treat the deafness. 29. Which of the following best describes the impact of the treatment? A. Breakthrough. B. Regret. C. Disappointment. D. Adventure. 30. What is the problem of the gene treatment? A. The brain refuses to receive it. B. Gene stops to produce hair cells. C. Gene expression might be weakened. D. Companies really profit a lot from it. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Electrifying News Based on Some Clinical Trials B. Gene Treatment That Brings Deaf Children Hope C. Ways How Scientists Develop Cochlear Implants D. Challenges About the New Deafness Treatment 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基因治疗在治疗先天性耳聋儿童方面取得的成功。最近几个月以来，一些媒体报道了几例儿童接受基因治疗后听力恢复的情况，专家对这一突破性成果表示欣喜。尽管新的治疗方法存在挑战，但科学家们仍然乐观地认为这些问题可以克服。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“for the first time, a gene treatment has provided some hearing to children born with deafness (一项基因治疗首次为先天性失聪儿童提供了一些听力)”可知，这个新疗法的目的是治疗失聪。故选D项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中Karen Avraham所说的话“It’s an enormous achievement (这是一个巨大的成就)”和Lawrence Lustig所说的话“Other than cochlear implants, we haven’t really had any successful treatments to treat deafness (除了人工耳蜗，我们还没有任何成功的治疗失聪的方法)”可知，这一疗法成就很大，打破了以往只有人工耳蜗可以成功治疗失聪的情况。因此，这一疗法是一项突破。故选A项。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The ear’s hair cells don’t divide, so the new copies of OTOF they contain should persist and continue to instruct the cells to make OTOF. Gene expression could drop off over time or the ear could mount an immune response that shuts it off. (耳朵的毛细胞不会分裂，所以它们所包含的新的OTOF复制体应该会持续存在，并继续指导细胞制造OTOF。随着时间的推移，基因表达可能会下降，或者耳朵会产生免疫反应，将其关闭。)”可知，这一基因疗法的问题是基因表达可能会减弱。故选C项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“The past few months have brought electrifying news that, for the first time, a gene treatment has provided some hearing to children born with deafness. (过去几个月带来了令人振奋的消息，基因治疗首次为先天性失聪儿童提供了一些听力。)”可知，文章围绕基因治疗在治疗先天性失聪儿童方面取得的成功展开。文章介绍了最近几个月以来，一些媒体报道了几例儿童接受基因治疗后听力恢复的情况，专家对这一突破性成果表示欣喜。尽管新的治疗方法存在挑战，但科学家们仍然乐观地认为这些问题可以克服。因此，B项“基因治疗给失聪儿童带来希望”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 D Hundreds or even thousands of jackdaws (寒鸦) are known to launch into the winter sky at once from the treetops at sunrise, and then split into smaller groups to feed throughout the day. Now, ecologists know that this synchronized (同步的) departure is timed with a complicated behavior called “consensus decision-making”, where the majority agree to take action. To figure it out, researchers in the United Kingdom recorded hundreds of hours of their bird calls in Cornwall over several months. They measured when the first jackdaws began their calls, how loud the birds were, and how quickly the swell (增强) of calls rose, and then compared these sounds to footage (镜头) of those birds’ departures. The team found that the jackdaw group left together once the chorus of calls reached a critical mass--the more rapidly the chorus swelled, the earlier the birds left. “They all leave together in a few seconds. The sky just fills with black birds forthwith. It is just like a black snowstorm,” Alex Thornton, an ecologist at the University of Exeter, UK, told New Scientist. Every call is a jackdaw casting its vote to leave. “At first you just get a few calls, then more and more birds join in and it builds and builds. And the steeper the increase, the earlier they leave,” Thornton added. On rare occasions, when the intensity of the chorus doesn’t build enough and the jackdaws don’t agree, the birds instead launch off in small numbers. The team also found that once jackdaws reached a consensus they departed almost immediately, with hundreds of individuals flying in less than five seconds. When scientists played past recordings of calls back to the jackdaws, getting in the way of the group’s natural crescendo (渐强声音), they were able to push forward the birds’ launching by more than six minutes. The birds did not, however, change their launch times in response to other noises. “The gregarious (群居的) birds prefer to leave as a group, although each jackdaw will have a slightly different preference as to when they want to leave, based on factors like their size and hunger,” Alex Dibnah, a University of Exeter graduate student and lead author of the study, said in a statement. “Leaving the roost (栖息处) together has various benefits, including safety from predators and access to information such as where to find food.” This research shows the critical role vocalizations (发声) play in group decision-making for this species. One next step for this research, according to the authors, is to figure out how human-created noises might affect this process and the spread of information throughout these communities. “Imagine a big roost near a town or busy road,” Thornton said. “If the birds can’t hear each other and can’t form a consensus to leave together, it could have big impacts on their population.” 32. What is the purpose of the research in Cornwall? A. To understand how jackdaws reach an agreement. B. To study what makes jackdaws’ departure time unique. C. To make a comparison of jackdaws’ calls with other birds’. D. To assess the importance of jackdaws’ complicated behaviors. 33. What does the underlined “forthwith” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Frequently. B. Gradually. C. Traditionally. D. Immediately. 34. What can be inferred about the jackdaw group from Paragraph 4? A. It can reach an agreement within seconds. B. Its launch times vary little from season to season. C. It can distinguish its natural calls from other noises. D. It makes no response to the past recordings of calls. 35. What do the researchers plan to study next? A. The impacts of human hunting on jackdaws’ population. B. The effects of noises on jackdaws’ group decision-making. C. The way jackdaws spread information in their communities. D. The role of jackdaws’ vocalizations in group decision-making. 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究发现寒鸦集体起飞是由一种称为“共识决策”的复杂行为决定的，即大多数人同意采取行动。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now, ecologists know that this synchronized (同步的) departure is timed with a complicated behavior called “consensus decision-making”, where the majority agree to take action.(现在，生态学家知道，这种同步的离开是由一种称为“共识决策”的复杂行为决定的，即大多数人同意采取行动。)”可知，寒鸦这种同步的离开是由一种称为“共识决策”的复杂行为决定的，结合第二段中的“To figure it out, researchers in the United Kingdom recorded hundreds of hours of their bird calls in Cornwall over several months.(为了弄清楚这个问题，英国的研究人员在几个月的时间里记录了康沃尔郡数百小时的鸟类叫声。)”可知，为了弄清楚这个问题，康沃尔的研究团队进行了研究，由此可知，康沃尔进行研究的目的是为了弄清楚这种“共识决策”是如何达成的。故选A项。 【33题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线单词前的“They all leave together in a few seconds. The sky just fills with black birds(他们在几秒钟内一起离开。天空布满了黑鸟)”可知，在几秒钟内这些鸟一起离开，天空不满黑鸟，结合第四段中的“The team also found that once jackdaws reached a consensus they departed almost immediately, with hundreds of individuals flying in less than five seconds.(研究小组还发现，一旦寒鸦达成共识，它们几乎会立即离开，数百只寒鸦在不到5秒钟的时间内飞走。)”可知，研究小组发现，一旦达成共识，他们会立即离开，由此可知，划线单词的意思应与“立刻”意义相近，也就是他们几秒钟一起离开，天空“立刻”布满了黑鸟。故选D项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When scientists played past recordings of calls back to the jackdaws, getting in the way of the group’s natural crescendo (渐强的声音), they were able to push forward the birds’ launching by more than six minutes. The birds did not, however, change their launch times in response to other noises.(当科学家们播放过去的录音给寒鸦时，在它们自然渐强的过程中，他们能够将这些鸟的起飞时间提前6分钟以上。然而，这些鸟并没有根据其他噪音改变它们的起飞时间。)”可知，在播放过去的录音给寒鸦时，会导致寒鸦起飞时间提前6分钟以上，而播放其他的噪音对他们的起飞时间没有任何的影响，由此可知，寒鸦能区别他们自己的叫声和其他噪音。故选C项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“One next step for this research, according to the authors, is to figure out how human-created noises might affect this process and the spread of information throughout these communities.(根据作者的说法，这项研究的下一步是弄清楚人类制造的噪音如何影响这一过程以及信息在这些社区中的传播。)”可知，根据该项研究的作者所说，下一步研究是弄清楚人类制造的噪音如何影响这一过程，结合尾段““Imagine a big roost near a town or busy road,” Thornton said. “If the birds can’t hear each other and can’t form a consensus to leave together, it could have big impacts on their population.”( “想象一下，在城镇或繁忙的道路附近有一个大栖息地。”桑顿说，“如果鸟类听不到彼此的声音，不能形成共识一起离开，这可能会对它们的种群产生重大影响。”)”可知，如果鸟类听不到彼此的声音，不能形成共识一起离开，这会对它们的种群产生重大影响，由此可知，研究人员下一步计划研究的是噪音对寒鸦群体决策的影响。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In early October, Travis Gienger transported an enormous pumpkin (南瓜) from his home in Minnesota to the World Championship Pumpkin Weigh-Off in California. His pumpkin set the record for the biggest one ever grown in North America. How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes? ___36___ Gienger, who teaches horticulture (园艺学) at Anoka Technical College, begins growing his pumpkins in mid-April, starting with seeds that he grows indoors for the first few weeks, when Minnesota’s soil is too frosty. ___37___ They can absorb sunlight, nutrients from the soil, and water there. “At their peak, you’re watering them with at least 600 liters a day, ” he says. Depending on the variety, pumpkin plants can grow up to a dozen fruits on a single vine (藤曼) . But to maximize size, growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources. ___38___ But what exactly happens inside a pumpkin as it grows? Two factors drive natural growth: cell division and cell expansion. Cell division accounts for most of the growth at the beginning of a fruit’s life. This period lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants. ___39___ Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination (授粉). ___40___ Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size. Still, there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety. This has led to competition for the best seeds. Following each harvest, many growers auction off (拍卖掉) the seeds from their biggest pumpkins, which will then be used for the following year’s plantings. A. Biology has the answers. B. Genetics also influences pumpkin growth. C. The following tips will give you a head start. D. Once it warms up, the plants are transferred outside. E. When it stops, cell expansion will then come into play. F. Growers extend the growth period for as long as possible. G. Growers also remove the weeds in the area for the same reason. 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. G 39. E 40. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章从生物学的角度解释了种植者是如何让他们的南瓜长得很大的。 【36题详解】 根据前文“How do competitive growers get their pumpkins to grow to massive sizes?(有竞争力的种植者是如何让他们的南瓜长得很大的呢？)”可知，此处承接上文，揭开这个问题的答案所在。所以选项A“生物学有答案。”切合文意。故选A。 【37题详解】 根据前文“Gienger, who teaches horticulture (园艺学) at Anoka Technical College, begins growing his pumpkins in mid-April, starting with seeds that he grows indoors for the first few weeks, when Minnesota’s soil is too frosty.(在阿诺卡技术学院教授园艺学的吉格尔从4月中旬开始种植南瓜，在明尼苏达州土壤太冷的前几周，他先在室内种植种子。)”和后文“They can absorb sunlight, nutrients from the soil, and water there.(它们可以从土壤中吸收阳光、养分和水分。)”可知，此处是指天暖和起来就把植物移到外面，所以选项D“一旦天气变暖，这些植物就被转移到室外。”切合文意。故选D。 【38题详解】 根据前文“But to maximize size, growers remove all but one or two of these pumpkins in order to decrease each individual fruit’s competition for resources.(但为了最大限度地扩大南瓜的大小，种植者只保留一两个南瓜，以减少每个果实对资源的竞争。)”可知，此处是指为了确保单个果实获得足够的养分，种植者也会去除杂草，所以选项G“种植者也出于同样的原因清除该地区的杂草。”切合文意。故选G。 【39题详解】 根据前文“Two factors drive natural growth: cell division and cell expansion. Cell division accounts for most of the growth at the beginning of a fruit’s life. This period lasts for about 20 days in pumpkin plants.(驱动自然生长的因素有两个：细胞分裂和细胞扩张。细胞分裂是果实生长初期的主要过程。这个时期在南瓜植株中持续大约20天。)”和后文“Pumpkin cells will expand until around 50 or 60 days after pollination (授粉).(南瓜的细胞会在授粉后50或60天左右扩张。)”可知，此处是指当细胞分裂结束，细胞扩张就开始了，所以选项E“当它停止时，细胞扩张就会开始发挥作用。”切合文意。故选E。 【40题详解】 根据后文“Some varieties of pumpkins have been bred specifically to maximize their size. Still, there is genetic variation even among pumpkins of the same variety.(一些品种的南瓜是专门培育的，以最大限度地提高它们的大小。尽管如此，即使在同一品种的南瓜之间也存在遗传变异。)”可知，此处是指基因也会影响南瓜的大小。所以选项B“基因也会影响南瓜的生长。”切合文意。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When my son Reace celebrated his sixth birthday two years ago, he made a wish that I would get a transplant. Less than a week later, his wish came true when I received new ____41____. Born with a breathing disease, I was able to manage my ____42____ without a hospital visit until I was 23. At 30, ____43____, it steadily worsened and I was ____44____ for a transplant. I started having check-ups once a year, then every six months, then every three months until I was ____45____ living at the hospital and reliant on oxygen to survive. Everyday ____46____ like having a shower or brushing my hair became ____47____. After four months on the list, I ____48____ the call to say a pair of lungs was available. The transplant was successful and the ____49____ was noticeable. Before my transplant I had been so _____50_____, I couldn’t even walk from the couch to the front door without _____51_____ my breath—and it was only six paces. _____52_____, I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference. I had _____53_____ what it would be like to be a _____54_____ person and now I know. I can do everything an ordinary mum would do: housework, workout, or taking Reace to basketball. I am extremely grateful to my _____55_____ and his family. 41. A. medicines B. gifts C. lungs D. hearts 42. A. condition B. weight C. stress D. emotion 43. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. besides 44. A. scheduled B. hospitalized C. listed D. selected 45. A. barely B. previously C. temporarily D. basically 46. A. tasks B. challenges C. decisions D. concerns 47. A. necessary B. fundamental C. impossible D. contradictory 48. A. missed B. received C. returned D. rejected 49. A. symptom B. damage C. trouble D. difference 50. A. sick B. nervous C. sensitive D. innocent 51. A. catching B. holding C. losing D. recovering 52. A. Fortunately B. Actually C. Possibly D. Eventually 53. A. understood B. experienced C. recalled D. wondered 54. A. normal B. distinguished C. disabled D. responsible 55. A. doctor B. nurse C. child D. donor 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. D 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者生来就患有呼吸系统疾病，在病情恶化后接受了肺移植手术，并成功获得了新的肺的故事。在手术前，作者生活在病痛中，甚至做日常任务都是困难的。但通过移植手术，她重获健康，可以像正常人一样生活和照顾自己的儿子，她很感恩捐赠者和他的家人。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不到一周后，他的愿望就实现了，我得到了新的肺。A. medicines药品；B. gifts礼物；C. lungs肺；D. hearts心脏。根据下文“After four months on the list, I ____8____ the call to say a pair of lungs was available.”可知，作者是得到了新的肺。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我生来就患有呼吸系统疾病，直到23岁之前，我都能控制自己的健康状况，不用去医院。A. condition健康状况；B. weight体重；C. stress压力；D. emotion情绪。根据上文“Born with a breathing disease”可知，作者生来就患有呼吸系统疾病，因此指在不用去医院的情况下，控制自己的健康状况。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在30岁的时候，病情逐渐恶化，我被列入了移植名单。A. therefore因此；B. however然而；C. otherwise否则；D. besides此外。根据上文“Born with a breathing disease, I was able to manage my ____2____ without a hospital visit until I was 23.”可知，23岁之前，患病的作者不用去医院，再结合下文“it steadily worsened”可知，后来病情逐渐恶化，因此前后是转折关系，应用however“然而”衔接。故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在30岁的时候，病情逐渐恶化，我被列入了移植名单。A. scheduled安排；B. hospitalized住院；C. listed把……列入清单；D. selected选择。根据下文“After four months on the list, I ____8____ the call to say a pair of lungs was available.”可知，在名单上待了四个月后，作者被通知可以接受肺移植，因此是被列入移植名单。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我开始每年检查一次，然后是每六个月检查一次，再然后是每三个月检查一次，直到我基本上住在医院里，依靠氧气生存。A. barely几乎不；B. previously以前地；C. temporarily暂时地；D. basically基本上。根据上文“I started having check-ups once a year, then every six months, then every three months”可知，作者的病情在逐步恶化，去医院检查的频次明显升高，因此最终应该是基本上住在医院里。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：像洗澡或梳头这样的日常任务变得不可能了。A. tasks任务；B. challenges挑战；C. decisions决策；D. concerns关注。根据下文“like having a shower or brushing my hair”可知，洗澡或梳头都是一些日常任务。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像洗澡或梳头这样的日常任务变得不可能了。A. necessary必要的；B. fundamental基本的；C. impossible不可能的；D. contradictory矛盾的。根据上文“reliant on oxygen to survive”可知，作者此时依靠氧气生存，因此做这些事是不可能的。故选C。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在名单上待了四个月后，我接到电话说有一对肺可以移植了。A. missed错过；B. received收到；C. returned返回，归还；D. rejected拒绝。根据下文“The transplant was successful”可知，作者的移植手术很成功，因此是接收到了这通电话。故选B。 49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：移植手术很成功，差异也很明显。A. symptom症状；B. damage损害；C. trouble麻烦；D. difference差异。根据下文“Before my transplant I had been so ____10____, I couldn’t even walk from the couch to the front door without ____11____ my breath—and it was only six paces.”和“I can do everything an ordinary mum would do: housework, workout, or taking Reace to basketball.”可知，接受移植手术后的作者的情况和之前完全不同，因此是差异也很明显。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：移植手术之前，我病得很重，从沙发走到前门都喘不过气来——只有六步。A. sick生病的；B. nervous紧张的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. innocent无辜的。根据下文“I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference”可知，作者已经习惯了喘不过气来，因此是病得很重。故选A。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：移植手术之前，我病得很重，从沙发走到前门都喘不过气来——只有六步。A. catching抓住；B. holding保持；C. losing失去；D. recovering恢复。根据下文“I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference”可知，作者已经习惯了喘不过气来，因此从沙发走六步到前门就会喘不过气来，固定短语lose one’s breath意为“喘不过气来”。故选C。 【52题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我已经习惯了喘不过气来，我不知道有什么不同。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Actually事实上；C. Possibly可能地；D. Eventually最终地。上文“Before my transplant I had been so ____10____, I couldn’t even walk from the couch to the front door without ____11____ my breath—and it was only six paces.”具体描述作者的病情，走路非常吃力，下文“I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference”指出作者喘不过气来是常态，下文是对上文的进一步解释或补充说明，应用Actually“事实上”衔接。故选B。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经想知道做一个正常人会是什么样子，现在我知道了。A. understood理解；B. experienced经历；C. recalled回忆；D. wondered想知道。根据上文“I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference”可知，作者已经习惯了喘不过气来，因此会想知道能好好呼吸的正常人是什么样子。故选D。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾经想知道做一个正常人会是什么样子，现在我知道了。A. normal正常的；B. distinguished杰出的；C. disabled残疾的；D. responsible负责任的。根据上文“I was so used to being breathless that I didn’t know any difference”可知，作者病得很重，已经习惯了喘不过气来，因此会对正常人的状态产生好奇。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常感谢我的捐赠者和他的家人。A. doctor医生；B. nurse护士；C. child孩子；D. donor捐赠者。根据上文作者着重描述接受移植手术后自己的状况，以及下文“and his family”可知，作者感谢的是她的捐赠者和这位捐赠者的家人。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 March 14 is right around the comer, and math learners know ____56____ that means. It’s Pi Day, a holiday honoring one of math’s most famous constants (常量): pi. The number pi, or π, is equal to the circumference (圆周长) of a circle ____57____ (divide) by the circle’s diameter (直径). That comes out to about 3.14159. This is true for circles of all sizes, from ____58____ (penny) to pizzas to planets. Pi’s value is often rounded to 3.14. That’s why Pi Day ____59____ (celebrate) on March 14. It’s also why one Earth-sized planet orbiting another star every 3.14 days is nicknamed “Pi Earth.” But the exact value of pi is ____60____ (actual) impossible to write out. Last year, a ____61____ (power) computer calculated pi to record-breaking 62.8 trillion (万亿) figures. And in 2005, one 23-year-old used clever mental tricks to recite nearly 68,000 of those figures from memory. No one, though, will ever get to ____62____ end of pi. Historians aren’t sure when people first ____63____ (discover) the concept of pi. But it’s been known in some form ____64____ almost 4,000 years. Ancient Greeks and Babylonians knew estimates of it. The Egyptians may have used pi _____65_____ (build) the pyramids. And still today, pi is used in just about all math involving circles. 【答案】56. what 57 divided 58. pennies 59. is celebrated 60. actually 61. powerful 62. the 63. discovered 64. for 65. to build 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了数学里面最著名的常量之一：圆周率π。作为一个无限不循环小数，有人挑战记忆它的巨长的数字，但是无人能背到它的最后一个数字。它的作用很大，被运用到很多领域之中。 【56题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：3月14日即将到来，数学学习者知道这意味着什么。分析句子可知，know“知道”后接宾语从句，需要使用关系代词what引导，在从句中作主语。故填what。 【57题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：π等于圆的周长除以圆的直径。分析句子可知，此处divide“除以”需要使用过去分词形式，作the circumstance of a circle“圆的周长”的后置定语，即被除以直径的圆周长。故填divided。 【58题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这适用于各种大小的圆圈，从便士到披萨，再到行星。分析句子可知，此处无表示单数的量词或冠词修饰的可数名词penny“便士”需要填写复数形式pennies。故填pennies。 【59题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：这就是为什么在3月14日庆祝圆周率日。分析句子可知，此处动词celebrate“庆祝”作表语从句的谓语动词，使用一般现在时的被动语态表示“被庆祝”。故填is celebrated。 【60题详解】 考查副词。句意：但π的确切值实际上不可能写出。分析句子可知，此处形容词actual“实际的”需要使用副词形式，修饰后面的形容词impossible“不可能”。故填actually。 【61题详解】 考查形容词。句意：去年，一台强大的计算机计算出了破纪录的62.8万亿数字。分析句子可知，此处名词power“力量”需要改为形容词powerful “强大的”作定语修饰computer“电脑”。故填powerful。 【62题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：然而，没有人会算到圆周率最后一个数字。分析句子可知，此处需要添加定冠词the表示特指圆周率这个数字的终点。故填the。 【63题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：历史学家不确定人们何时首次发现圆周率的概念。分析句子可知，此处discover“发现”作宾语从句的谓语动词，与主语people构成主动关系，且是过去发生的事情，故使用一般过去时。故填discovered。 【64题详解】 考查介词。句意：但它已经以某种形式被知道了近4000年。分析句子可知，此处时间状语almost 4,000 years“将近4,000年”表示持续的时间，使用介词for连接符合语法规则。故填for。 【65题详解】 考查不定式。句意：埃及人可能使用了圆周率修筑金字塔。分析句子可知，动词build“修建”需要使用不定式，表示使用圆周率的目的。故填to build。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分) 第一节（满分15分) 66. 假设你是李华，你校将在毕业仪式活动中举办展览，邀请每位同学提供成长过程中具有纪念意义的物品参展，并撰写展品介绍供参观者阅读。你会提供什么物品？写一篇物品介绍，内容包括： 1. 对该物品的简要描述；2. 你选择该物品参展的原因。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 I choose to exhibit _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version I choose to exhibit Teddy. It is a brown bear with a red bow tie, and it has been my companion since I was a little kid. Teddy represents my happy childhood when I had no worries and everything was simple and pure. Moreover, it is also a symbol of love and warmth. It was a gift from my parents on my third birthday. It shows their love and affection for me, and it is a precious memory that I cherish. In my opinion, Teddy is not just a stuffed animal, but a precious item that carries my childhood memories and family love. I hope that by exhibiting it, I can share my happy childhood with you and remind you of the importance of cherishing the simple things in life. Another possible version I choose to exhibit this notebook. In my middle school days, I received it. The cover of the notebook is a light blue color with simple patterns printed on it, giving a fresh and comfortable feeling. Every page of the notebook is filled with my learning notes. I choose this notebook to exhibit because it is very important to me. It was awarded to me by my middle school teacher in recognition of my progress and efforts in learning. Whenever I see this notebook, I will recall my high school days, as well as the teacher’s encouragement and expectations for me. I hope that through this exhibition, I can share my growth journey with my classmates, and also inspire everyone to cherish their own growth memories and bravely embrace a better future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将在毕业仪式活动中举办展览，邀请每位同学提供成长过程中具有纪念意义的物品参展。要求考生为自己提供的展品撰写展品介绍供参观者阅读。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 充满：be filled with→be full of 选择：choose→select 回想：recall→think back 珍惜：cherish→value 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I choose this notebook to exhibit because it is very important to me. 拓展句：The reason why I choose this notebook to exhibit is that it is very important to me. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The cover of the notebook is a light blue color with simple patterns printed on it, giving a fresh and comfortable feeling. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Whenever I see this notebook, I will recall my high school days, as well as the teacher’s encouragement and expectations for me. (运用了whenever引导的让步状语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It had been a challenging week, marked by a sudden large increase in oil prices coinciding with a sharp drop in temperatures in Boston. It was nearly below zero degree. With three missed workdays under my belt, my upcoming paycheck was going to be lower than normal. The stress weighed heavily on me as I carefully sought for every conceivable opportunity to save pennies, ensuring that I could afford both groceries and keep the house warm. My eight-year-old son didn’t understand when I told him we were struggling that week. He had his heart set on a particular brand of yogurt, but I didn’t have the extra three dollars to buy it for him. It was the kind of yogurt decorated with a cartoon child skateboarding on its packaging, containing a mere two spoonfuls per cup. Such products, designed to lure children with their flashy marketing, only served to make me hate advertising. However, a bunch of parental guilt gripped me as his innocent eyes met mine, silently questioning, “Why is yogurt such a big deal?” Determıned to sweep his disappointment, I made a sacrifice typical of single mothers. I returned an item needed to the shelf, ensuring that he could enjoy his favorite yogurt. On the journey back from the grocery store, a sight caught my attention—a homeless man, holding a sign by the roadside. My heart ached, and I turned around, observing passers-by purposefully steer (绕开) clear of him, avoiding any meaningful interaction. Even my son didn’t seem to care much. either. Yet, upon closer inspection, I noticed the man—bare hands grasping a piece of cardboard, snot frozen to his face, a worn-out jacket. And there I was struggling because I had to buy oil and groceries. But I decided to help. I pulled over to the man and handed him a five-dollar bill. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Seeing this, my son became confused and surprised. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On that day, my son performed an act that most adults wouldn’t have done. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 He stared at me with curious eyes, trying to piece together why we could afford to help someone else when we ourselves were in a tight spot. I took the moment to explain that even when life feels overwhelming, we can always find something to offer to others. “Sometimes, it’s not just about having enough, but about sharing what we do have,” I said, hoping to ins till a sense of compassion and generosity in him. My words seemed to resonate with him as he nodded thoughtfully, a spark of understanding lighting up his face. Just before we were about to leave the homeless man, he impulsively took out the newly bought yogurt from the grocery bag and ran back to the man. Handing it over, he said, “I think you might be hungry.” The man’s eyes softened, his face breaking into a grateful smile as he accepted the yogurt. Watching this, I felt a surge of pride for my son’s unexpected gesture of kindness. It was a poignant reminder that true generosity comes from a willing heart, not from the abundance of what we have. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者遇到了经济困难，只能把需要的东西放回货架，来给儿子买酸奶。作者回去的路上把身上的五美元给了流浪汉。作者面对困惑的儿子，解释了自己的行为，儿子也把自己的酸奶送给了流浪汉。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他用好奇的目光盯着我，试图弄明白为什么我们自己陷入困境时还能帮助别人”可知，第一段可描写作者解释自己的行为。 ②由第二段首句内容“就在我们要离开那个无家可归的人之前，他冲动地从食品袋里拿出新买的酸奶，跑回那个人身边”可知，第二段可描写儿子把酸奶送给流浪汉，作者感悟。 2.续写线索：儿子好奇——作者解释——儿子领悟——儿子送酸奶——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①提供：offer/provide ②引起共鸣：resonate with/identify with ③接受：accept/take in 情绪类 ①感谢的：grateful/thankful ②同情：compassion/sympathy 【点睛】[高分句型1] I took the moment to explain that even when life feels overwhelming, we can always find something to offer to others. (运用了that引导宾语从句和when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Watching this, I felt a surge of pride for my son’s unexpected gesture of kindness. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$