专题02 日清十考点+代词 精讲-2024年八升九英语暑期无忧衔接（通用版）

专题02 日清十考点+代词精讲 1.日清十考点 2.代词精讲 日清十考点 考点一 compare compare……with…… compare……to…… comparison v.比较；对比 把……和……相比较 把……比作…… n.比较 (1)Was it fair to compare private schools state schools？拿私立学校与公立学校相比，这样公平吗？ (2)Teachers’ work is often compared a candle.老师的工作常被比作蜡烛。 (3)The quality of this silk is out of________(compare). 考点二 depend depend on dependence dependent independent v.依靠；依赖 依靠 n.依赖；依靠 adj.依靠的；依赖的 adj.独立的 (1)我们必须依靠自己，没有其他选择。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2)Don’t be________(dependence) on anyone for anything. (3)He’s not a man you can put much on.他不是值得你信赖的人。 (4)She’s very and lives all alone.她自食其力，独自生活。 考点三 【辨析】in addition 与in addition to in addition besides；and……as well除……以外(还)，相当于副词，在句子里单独作状语，一般用逗号隔开。 in addition to 相当于介词，后面要接名词或是动名词做to的宾语。in addition to在句子里作状语。 我们需要一支铅笔和一张纸，除此之外，我们还需要一把剪刀。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 考点四 create creative creation v.创造；创作 adj.有创造性的 n.创造；作品；创作 (1)一个艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2)Mickey Mouse was the________(create) of Walt Disney. (3) people usually like art and music.有创造力的人通常喜欢美术和音乐。 考点五 comfortable (反)uncomfortable comfort adj.使人舒服的；舒适的 adj.不舒服的；令人不适的；不安的 n.舒服；安逸 (1)我的房子不大，但很舒服。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) The boy had few friends and he felt________ (comfortable) with his new classmates. (3)These tennis shoes are designed for and performance.这些网球鞋是为舒适和性能而设计的。 考点六 develop developed developing development v.开发；研制 adj.发达的 adj.发展中的 n.发展；开发 (1)开发一个产品要花许多钱。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) He is engaged in the________(develop) of his business. (3)America is a country.美国是一个发达国家。 (4)China is a country.中国是一个发展中国家。 考点七 【辨析】instead与instead of instead 副词，侧重指“取而代之”，往往位于句子开头或句末。 instead of =in place of，介词词组，意为“代替；而不是”，其后跟名词、代词、动词-ing形式或介词短语。 (1)Give me this .改换这个给我吧 (2)我想让你替我去旅行。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ 考点八 be unaware of意为“不知道；没意识到；未察觉”。 He the whole affair.他对整件事情一无所知。 考点九 practical practice practise doing sth. adj. = useful 有用的 n.练习(不可数名词) 练习做某事 (1)Now we are doing some .现在我们正在做一些练习。 (2)In order to win the game，I playing basketball again and again.为了赢得这场比赛，我不停地练习打篮球。 考点十 allow sb. to do sth. allow doing sth. keep in touch with sb. 允许某人做某事 允许做某事 = communicate with sb.与某人保持联系 (1)We don’t allow in the garden.在花园里我们不允许吸烟。 (2)My parents don’t allow us shopping on our own.我的父母亲不允许我们独自上街买东西。 (3)I hope we can each other regularly.我希望我们能定期保持联系。 语法精讲 代词 考点一　人称代词 1.人称代词主格、宾格列表如下: 人称数格 单数 复数 一 二 三 一 二 三 主格 I you she;he;it we you they 宾格 me you her;him;it us you them 2.人称代词的用法 (1)人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。如:She is a good student. (2)人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语。如:I don’t know her. His mother is waiting for him outside. 3.人称代词的顺序 几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是: 单数形式(二、三、一)you,he/she and I 复数形式(一、二、三)we,you and they 一．根据句意,用所给人称代词的正确形式填空 ①My pencil is broken. Please pass 　 　 (I) a new one.  ②We all like Mr. Green because 　 　(he)is really cool and fun.  ③I like reading music magazines and I often buy 　 　 (they)in the bookshop near my house.   ④Ms. Read will give 　 　(we) a talk about healthy life this afternoon.  ⑤ Look at the girl over there. 　 　(she) is my cousin Sue.  二．选择填空 1.My best friend and 　　　were fixing up the broken machine when the rainstorm came.  A.I　　　 B.me　　　 C.mine 2.Mike's aunt is 　　　English teacher. We all like 　　　.  A.our;she　　　 B.our;her　　　 C.we;she　　　 D.we;her 考点二　物主代词 1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,列表如下: 数人称词义类型 单数 复数 一 二 三 一 二 三 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers / ours yours theirs 2.形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词,一般不单独使用。如:His parents are both office workers. My name is Jack. 3.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。如:My idea is quite different from hers. 4.名词性物主代词可与of连用作定语,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。如: He is a friend of mine.(我的一个朋友) 5.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别 形容词性物主代词之后要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接名词。如:这张票是她的,不是我的。[误] This is hers ticket.It’s not my. [正] This is her ticket.It’s not mine. 一．根据句意,用所给物主代词的正确形式填空 ①He is a new student here.　 　 (his) name is Tony.  ②　 　(our) micro blog is a window for foreigners to understand China.  ③—Whose book is this? —It’s Lucy’s. And the red pen is 　 　 (her), too.  ④—Tomorrow is Lingling’s birthday. —So is 　 　(my).  ⑤Our school is bigger than 　 　(their).  二．选择填空 1.—May I use your phone, Sally?I left 　　　at home.  —Sure, here you are. A.yours　　　 B.his　　　 C.hers　　　 D.mine 2.I have a little sister. 　　　favorite subject is English.  A.Her　　　 B.Your　　　 C.His　　　 D.My 3.—Is this hat 　　　?  —No, the red one is 　　　.  A.Lucy's;her　　　 B.Lucy;her C.Lucy's;hers　　　 D.Lucy;hers 考点三　反身代词 1.反身代词的单复数形式,表格如下: 　　　　数 人称　　　 单数 复数 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己　 themselves 　2.反身代词的用法 I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语) The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语) 3.反身代词的常用词组 teach oneself自学 learn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself过得愉快;玩得高兴 help oneself to随便吃/用 come to oneself苏醒 hurt oneself受伤 by oneself独自 Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is an exercise which helps people improve　　　in health.  A.themselves　　　 B.ourselves C.itself　　　 D.myself 考点四　不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词和it的用法 一、不定代词 1.普通不定代词 (1)普通不定代词 初中阶段常用的普通不定代词,列表如下: some;any few;little none; one; other many;much either;neither each;every both;all (2)普通不定代词的用法 ①some与any some和any 均表示“一些”,既可指代或修饰可数名词,也可指代或修饰不可数名词;some 一般用于肯定句中,any多用于疑问句、否定句中或if,whether后。但在疑问句中,当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。如: There aren’t any students in the classroom. Look!Some boys are playing football. —Would you like some coffee?—Yes,please. ②many 与 much many 指代或修饰可数名词复数,还可以与表示程度的副词 so,too,how连用。much 指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以与表示程度的副词so,too,how连用。如: How many bottles of water do you need? He never eats so much breakfast. ③either与neither 相同点 均用于两个人或物 不同点 either 指“两者中的任意一个”。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。either...or... 或者……或者…… neither 指“两者中没有一个”(全否定)。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。neither...nor... 两者都不…… ④both与all both 表示“两者都”,常与and连用;all指“三者或三者以上都”,常与of连用。如: Both she and I are students. Both plans are good. Jim,Lucy and Lily all agree to stay here. 注意　both;all;either;any;neither;none的区别 不定代词 都 任何 都不 两者 both either neither 三者或三者以上 all any none ⑤each与every(限定词) each 和 every 都表示“每一”。each 强调个体,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,当它作同位语时,不影响谓语动词的数;every强调整体情况,修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外,each指两个或两个以上的人或事物,而every指三个或三个以上的人或事物。如: There are trees on each side of the road. Every student in Class 5 has passed the exam. Each of us wears a yellow T-shirt. We each wear a yellow T-shirt. 1.I don't like the style of this T-shirt. Please show me 　　　one.  A.either　　　 B.neither　　　 C.another　　　 D.other 2.—Although these were good students,　　　of them had a score above 60.  —I can't believe it! A.none　　　 B.no one　　　 C.some　　　 D.all ⑥little;a little;few;a few 代替复数名词 代替不可数名词 肯定 a few(一些) a little(少量) 否定 few(几乎没有)少 little(几乎没有)少 如:Would you please buy some salt for me,Tony?There is little left. I recognized a few of other people. ⑦other;the other;others;the others;another 不定代词 意义 用法说明 other 另外的 可作定语,常与复数名词连用;但如果前面有 the,some,any,each,every,no,my,your,his等,则可与单数名词连用 the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用,构成“one...,the other...”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全部” others 另一些 泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定语,可以构成“some...,others...”结构 the others 其余的 特指其余所有的人或物 another 又一,另一 一般情况下,后面接可数名词单数,但后面可加few或带数字的复数名词 Look at the sign, please. You can park your car on　　　side of the street.  A.both　　　 B.other　　　 C.either　　　 D.all 2.复合不定代词 (1)初中阶段常用的复合不定代词列表如下: somebody (某人) anybody (任何人) nobody (没有人) everybody (每个人) someone (某人) anyone (任何人) no one (没有人) everyone (每个人) something (某事) anything (任何事) nothing (没有东西) everything (每一件事) 如: Do you have anything special to tell me today? Listen to me,boys and girls.I have something to tell you. (2)在反意疑问句中,当句子陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如 everybody,nobody,anyone等时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词 they;当句子陈述部分的主语是指物的复合不定代词,如 everything,anything,something,nothing等时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词 it。如: Everybody is here,aren’t they? Everything is ready,isn’t it? (3)当形容词或 else修饰复合不定代词 something,everything,everyone 等时,形容词或 else 必须放在这些词的后面。如: Xiaoming,he has something important to tell you. Can you find anyone else? (4)everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;every one 既可指人也可指物,还可以和 of 连用。如: I’d like everyone to be happy. I have kept every one of her letters. 一．根据句意,选择方框中恰当的不定代词填空 anything　nobody　something　somebody　everything ①—Your tea, please. —There must be 　 　 sweet in it. It tastes good.  ②—Is there 　 　 new in today’s newspaper?  —Yes. A famous singer will give a concert in our city. ③There is 　 　 in the classroom. All the students are in the playground.  ④　 　 is ready. Please come to have dinner.  ⑤Mary,　 　 is waiting for you outside.  6.—Amazing! Tom got the best grade in the test last week. —　　　 is impossible. He studies really hard online this term.  A.Anything　　　 B.Nothing C.Everything　　　 D.Something 二、指示代词 1.指示代词,表格如下: 单数 this that 复数 these those 2.指示代词的用法 (1)this/these ①近指。如:This is my pen. These are my books. ②指下文要提到的事。如:Please remember this:No pain,no gain. (2)that/those ①远指。如: That’s her bike. ②指前面刚刚提到过的事。如:He was ill.That was why he didn’t go to school. (3)打电话时用this介绍自己,that询问对方。 This is Mike speaking. Who’s that speaking? 1.The gravity on Mars is only about three eighths of 　　　on the Earth.  A.that　　　 B.those　　　 C.one　　　 D.ones 2.Sam finds sweeping robots useful, and he plans to buy 　　　for his grandma.  A.it　　　 B.one　　　 C.this　　　 D.that 三、疑问代词 疑问代词 主要用法 例句 who 作主语、表语、宾语 Who wants to go with me? whom who的宾格形式,作宾语 To whom are you talking? whose who的所有格形式,作表语、定语 Whose book is this? what/who what询问某人的职业 —What’s your father? —He is a worker. who询问某人的身份、姓名 —Who is the boy under the tree? —He is Li Ming. what/ which what指“什么”,没有范围的限定 What would you like? which“哪一个,哪一些”,有范围的限制 Which one do you like best? 一．根据句意,用恰当的疑问代词填空 ①—　 　 do you usually do at the weekend?  —I often stay at home and help with the housework. ②—　 　 is the boy under the tree?  —He is my brother John. ③—　 　 do you like better, running or swimming?  —I like swimming better. ④—　 　 gloves are these?  —They’re Miss Li’s. 四、it的用法 1.指代前面提到过的事物。如:The book on the desk is not mine.It is Jim’s. 2.代替指示代词this或that。如:—What’s that?—It is a pencil. 3.指代婴儿或不明身份的人。如:Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and see who it is. 4.指代时间或季节。如:—What’s the time now?—It’s ten o’clock. 5.指代天气。如:—What’s the weather like today?—It’s sunny. 6.指代距离。如:How far is it from your school to your home? 7.it的常用句型: (1)It is+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.　如:It is important for us to work hard. (2)It’s time to do/for/that...　如:It’s time to get up/for lunch/that we went home. (3)It seems that...好像……　如:It seems that you are right. (4)It’s one’s turn to do...轮到某人做……　如:It’s your turn to sing. (5)It’s+adj.+that 从句　如:It’s natural that they should have different views. 8.作形式宾语。如:Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line? 9.构成强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”。如:It is he who goes to school by bike every day. 10. it,one,that作代词时的区别 (1)it特指上文提到的同一对象,是同一事物。如:The book is mine.It’s very interesting. (2)one 泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个,同类而不同物。如:—Who has a pen?—I have one. (3)that 常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词,以避免重复。如: The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter. 一、语法选择 A young man was driving down a suburban (郊区的) street, going a bit too fast in 　1　 new car. There were many kids playing between the cars parked on the side of the street.  As his car passed, a child suddenly appeared and threw a brick at the car. The man stopped the car and jumped out. He grabbed the kid and shouted at 　2　, “What are you doing?” He continued yelling, “That's a new car. 　3　 will be expensive to fix the damage you did with that brick. 　4　 did you do it?”  “I'm sorry. I didn't know 　5　 to do! It's my brother,” he said. “He rolled off the curb (马路牙子) and fell out of his wheelchair (轮椅). I can't lift him up.” The boy asked the man, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He's hurt and he's too heavy for 　6　.”  The young man swallowed (吞咽) and said 　7　. He lifted the kid's brother back into the wheelchair.  “Thank you, sir,” the child said. The man then watched the little boy push his brother toward 　8　 home.  The young man did not repair the dent (凹痕) in his car. He kept it to remind 　9　 not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick to get his attention. Sometimes, when you don't make the time to listen, life throws a brick at 　10　 head.  1.A.him　　　 B.he　　　 C.his　　　 D.himself 2.A.he　　　 B.his　　　 C.him　　　 D.himself 3.A.It　　　 B.This　　　 C.That　　　 D.It's 4.A.What　　　 B.When　　　 C.Why　　　 D.How 5.A.what　　　 B.who C.which　　　 D.whom 6.A.I　　　 B.me　　　 C.he　　　 D.him 7.A.something　 B.anything　　 C.everything　　 D.nothing 8.A.her　　　 B.them　　　 C.their　　　 D.theirs 9.A.he　　　 B.him　　　 C.his　　　 D.himself 10.A.you　　　 B.your　　　 C.his　　　 D.yours 二、短文填空 Since last year, because of the outbreak of COVID-19, many people who have had to stay at home have been eating takeaways(外卖). M　1　 people like takeaways. First, it's convenient(方便的). Thanks to takeaway services, plenty of restaurants now sell their food through the internet. Moreover, one of the most important reasons why people like takeaway food is that 　2　 is also really cheap.  However, there are also s　3　 disadvantages(缺点). For example, some restaurants add too much salt, sugar and oil to 　4　(they) food. People who eat it often will put on weight easily. This can even increase the risk of heart disease(心脏病).  From 　5　(I)point of view, we should probably cook for 　6　(we)as long as we have time. Cooking dinner together with other family members can be an enjoyable experience.   1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　 4.　　　　5.　　　　6.　　　  visit； unlucky； I；move；kind ；owner；share；drive； surprised； what；put into；customer；smell out；joke ；fresh Brandon Jones' mother lived in Vermont, and she often came to see him in Baltimore. Whenever she 1  Baltimore, Ekiben's tempura broccoli (西兰花天妇罗)was something that she always needed to have. She used to  2  that when she was on her deathbed, she only wanted tempura broccoli from Ekiben. 3  , she was diagnosed with (诊断) cancer late December and was in the final stage at home. Earlier this month, Jones wrote an email to Steve Chu, the  4  of the Ekiben Restaurant in Baltimore. He asked if Steve would like to  5  the recipe(烹饪法) for tempura broccoli so that he could cook it for his mother. Steve replied, “I and my business partner would make the long  6 ourselves to prepare the beloved dish for your mother so that she could enjoy it  7  ."Jones was   8 , so he emailed back," You do know this is Vermont we're talking about?" But Steve insisted, “No problem. I'll be there.” The next day, Steve put  9  he needed on his truck and headed for Vermont. As soon as he  10 the parking lot(停车场), he got to prepare. After finishing everything, he knocked on his  11  door. “As soon as my mother opened the door, she  12  the tempura broccoli immediately,”Jones said. “My mom kept saying, ‘I don't understand—you drove all the way up here to cook for  13  ?’She was so happy and  14  ” Steve, who wouldn't accept payment for the food. said it was“ a huge honor to be able to help them do that". Jones was happy that his mother was able to enjoy her favorite food with an order of 15  one last time. 1. _________   2._________   3._________   4._________   5._________6._________  7._________  8._________9._________10._________11._________ 12._________13._________ 14._________  15._________ ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 第 2 页 共 20 页 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 日清十考点+代词精讲 1.日清十考点 2.代词精讲 日清十考点 考点一 compare compare……with…… compare……to…… comparison v.比较；对比 把……和……相比较 把……比作…… n.比较 (1)Was it fair to compare private schools with state schools？拿私立学校与公立学校相比，这样公平吗？ (2)Teachers’ work is often compared to a candle.老师的工作常被比作蜡烛。 (3)The quality of this silk is out of________(compare). (3)comparison 考点二 depend depend on dependence dependent independent v.依靠；依赖 依靠 n.依赖；依靠 adj.依靠的；依赖的 adj.独立的 (1)我们必须依靠自己，没有其他选择。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2)Don’t be________(dependence) on anyone for anything. (1)We have no choice but to depend on ourselves (2)dependent (3)He’s not a man you can put much dependence on.他不是值得你信赖的人。 (4)She’s very independent and lives all alone.她自食其力，独自生活。 考点三 【辨析】in addition 与in addition to in addition besides；and……as well除……以外(还)，相当于副词，在句子里单独作状语，一般用逗号隔开。 in addition to 相当于介词，后面要接名词或是动名词做to的宾语。in addition to在句子里作状语。 我们需要一支铅笔和一张纸，除此之外，我们还需要一把剪刀。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ We need a pencil and a piece of paper；in addition，we also need a pair of scissors 考点四 create creative creation v.创造；创作 adj.有创造性的 n.创造；作品；创作 (1)一个艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2)Mickey Mouse was the________(create) of Walt Disney. (1)An artist should create beautiful things (2)creation (3)Creative people usually like art and music.有创造力的人通常喜欢美术和音乐。 考点五 comfortable (反)uncomfortable comfort adj.使人舒服的；舒适的 adj.不舒服的；令人不适的；不安的 n.舒服；安逸 (1)我的房子不大，但很舒服。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) The boy had few friends and he felt________ (comfortable) with his new classmates. (1)My house is not big，but it’s comfortable (2)uncomfortable (3)These tennis shoes are designed for comfort and performance.这些网球鞋是为舒适和性能而设计的。 考点六 develop developed developing development v.开发；研制 adj.发达的 adj.发展中的 n.发展；开发 (1)开发一个产品要花许多钱。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ (2) He is engaged in the________(develop) of his business. (1)It costs a lot of money to develop a product. (2)development (3)America is a developed country.美国是一个发达国家。 (4)China is a developing country.中国是一个发展中国家。 考点七 【辨析】instead与instead of instead 副词，侧重指“取而代之”，往往位于句子开头或句末。 instead of =in place of，介词词组，意为“代替；而不是”，其后跟名词、代词、动词-ing形式或介词短语。 (1)Give me this instead.改换这个给我吧 (2)我想让你替我去旅行。(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________ I would like you to go travelling instead of me. 考点八 be unaware of意为“不知道；没意识到；未察觉”。 He was completely unaware of the whole affair.他对整件事情一无所知。 考点九 practical practice practise doing sth. adj. = useful 有用的 n.练习(不可数名词) 练习做某事 (1)Now we are doing some practice.现在我们正在做一些练习。 (2)In order to win the game，I practise playing basketball again and again.为了赢得这场比赛，我不停地练习打篮球。 考点十 allow sb. to do sth. allow doing sth. keep in touch with sb. 允许某人做某事 允许做某事 = communicate with sb.与某人保持联系 (1)We don’t allow smoking in the garden.在花园里我们不允许吸烟。 (2)My parents don’t allow us to go shopping on our own.我的父母亲不允许我们独自上街买东西。 (3)I hope we can keep in touch with each other regularly.我希望我们能定期保持联系。 语法精讲 代词 考点一　人称代词 1.人称代词主格、宾格列表如下: 人称数格 单数 复数 一 二 三 一 二 三 主格 I you she;he;it we you they 宾格 me you her;him;it us you them 2.人称代词的用法 (1)人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。如:She is a good student. (2)人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语。如:I don’t know her. His mother is waiting for him outside. 3.人称代词的顺序 几个人称代词并列充当主语时,它们的顺序是: 单数形式(二、三、一)you,he/she and I 复数形式(一、二、三)we,you and they 一．根据句意,用所给人称代词的正确形式填空 ①My pencil is broken. Please pass 　me　 (I) a new one.  ②We all like Mr. Green because 　he　(he)is really cool and fun.  ③I like reading music magazines and I often buy 　them　 (they)in the bookshop near my house.   ④Ms. Read will give 　us　(we) a talk about healthy life this afternoon.  ⑤ Look at the girl over there. 　She　(she) is my cousin Sue.  二．选择填空 1.My best friend and 　　　were fixing up the broken machine when the rainstorm came.  A.I　　　 B.me　　　 C.mine 答案　A　本题考查代词。设空处在句子中作主语,代词须选用主格。故选A。 2.Mike's aunt is 　　　English teacher. We all like 　　　.  A.our;she　　　 B.our;her　　　 C.we;she　　　 D.we;her 答案　B　本题考查代词的用法。第一个空修饰名词,故用形容词性物主代词;第二个空在动词like后面,所以用宾格,故选B。 考点二　物主代词 1.物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,列表如下: 数人称词义类型 单数 复数 一 二 三 一 二 三 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers / ours yours theirs 2.形容词性物主代词在句中作定语修饰名词,一般不单独使用。如:His parents are both office workers. My name is Jack. 3.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。如:My idea is quite different from hers. 4.名词性物主代词可与of连用作定语,相当于“of+名词所有格”,表示部分概念或带有一定的感情色彩。如: He is a friend of mine.(我的一个朋友) 5.形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别 形容词性物主代词之后要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接名词。如:这张票是她的,不是我的。[误] This is hers ticket.It’s not my. [正] This is her ticket.It’s not mine. 一．根据句意,用所给物主代词的正确形式填空 ①He is a new student here.　His　 (his) name is Tony.  ②　Our　(our) micro blog is a window for foreigners to understand China.  ③—Whose book is this? —It’s Lucy’s. And the red pen is 　hers　 (her), too.  ④—Tomorrow is Lingling’s birthday. —So is 　mine　(my).  ⑤Our school is bigger than 　theirs　(their).  二．选择填空 1.—May I use your phone, Sally?I left 　　　at home.  —Sure, here you are. A.yours　　　 B.his　　　 C.hers　　　 D.mine 答案　D　本题考查名词性物主代词。根据语境可知,此处指代的是“我的电话”。故选D。 2.I have a little sister. 　　　favorite subject is English.  A.Her　　　 B.Your　　　 C.His　　　 D.My 答案　A　本题考查代词。此处指代a little sister,为女性第三人称单数,且根据语境可知此处用形容词性物主代词。故选A。 3.—Is this hat 　　　?  —No, the red one is 　　　.  A.Lucy's;her　　　 B.Lucy;her C.Lucy's;hers　　　 D.Lucy;hers 答案　C　本题考查名词所有格和物主代词。问帽子是不是露西的,应该用名词所有格;用一个词表示她的帽子,应该用名词性物主代词。故选C。 考点三　反身代词 1.反身代词的单复数形式,表格如下: 　　　　数 人称　　　 单数 复数 第一人称 myself 我自己 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 yourself 你自己 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己　 themselves 　2.反身代词的用法 I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.(作宾语) The children made model planes themselves.(作同位语) 3.反身代词的常用词组 teach oneself自学 learn by oneself自学 enjoy oneself过得愉快;玩得高兴 help oneself to随便吃/用 come to oneself苏醒 hurt oneself受伤 by oneself独自 Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is an exercise which helps people improve　　　in health.  A.themselves　　　 B.ourselves C.itself　　　 D.myself 答案　A　本题考查反身代词。根据语境可知,此处指代people,故选择themselves。 考点四　不定代词、指示代词、疑问代词和it的用法 一、不定代词 1.普通不定代词 (1)普通不定代词 初中阶段常用的普通不定代词,列表如下: some;any few;little none; one; other many;much either;neither each;every both;all (2)普通不定代词的用法 ①some与any some和any 均表示“一些”,既可指代或修饰可数名词,也可指代或修饰不可数名词;some 一般用于肯定句中,any多用于疑问句、否定句中或if,whether后。但在疑问句中,当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。如: There aren’t any students in the classroom. Look!Some boys are playing football. —Would you like some coffee?—Yes,please. ②many 与 much many 指代或修饰可数名词复数,还可以与表示程度的副词 so,too,how连用。much 指代或修饰不可数名词,也可以与表示程度的副词so,too,how连用。如: How many bottles of water do you need? He never eats so much breakfast. ③either与neither 相同点 均用于两个人或物 不同点 either 指“两者中的任意一个”。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。either...or... 或者……或者…… neither 指“两者中没有一个”(全否定)。作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。neither...nor... 两者都不…… ④both与all both 表示“两者都”,常与and连用;all指“三者或三者以上都”,常与of连用。如: Both she and I are students. Both plans are good. Jim,Lucy and Lily all agree to stay here. 注意　both;all;either;any;neither;none的区别 不定代词 都 任何 都不 两者 both either neither 三者或三者以上 all any none ⑤each与every(限定词) each 和 every 都表示“每一”。each 强调个体,当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,当它作同位语时,不影响谓语动词的数;every强调整体情况,修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外,each指两个或两个以上的人或事物,而every指三个或三个以上的人或事物。如: There are trees on each side of the road. Every student in Class 5 has passed the exam. Each of us wears a yellow T-shirt. We each wear a yellow T-shirt. 1.I don't like the style of this T-shirt. Please show me 　　　one.  A.either　　　 B.neither　　　 C.another　　　 D.other 答案　C　本题考查不定代词。此处用another指任意的另外一件。故选C项。 2.—Although these were good students,　　　of them had a score above 60.  —I can't believe it! A.none　　　 B.no one　　　 C.some　　　 D.all 答案　A　本题考查不定代词。由语境可知,本空应表否定,故排除C、D。又因为no one不能与of连用,故本题选择A。 ⑥little;a little;few;a few 代替复数名词 代替不可数名词 肯定 a few(一些) a little(少量) 否定 few(几乎没有)少 little(几乎没有)少 如:Would you please buy some salt for me,Tony?There is little left. I recognized a few of other people. ⑦other;the other;others;the others;another 不定代词 意义 用法说明 other 另外的 可作定语,常与复数名词连用;但如果前面有 the,some,any,each,every,no,my,your,his等,则可与单数名词连用 the other 两者中的另一个 常与one连用,构成“one...,the other...”;作定语修饰复数名词时,表示“其余的全部” others 另一些 泛指别的人或物(但不是全部),不能作定语,可以构成“some...,others...”结构 the others 其余的 特指其余所有的人或物 another 又一,另一 一般情况下,后面接可数名词单数,但后面可加few或带数字的复数名词 随堂练习 Look at the sign, please. You can park your car on　　　side of the street.  A.both　　　 B.other　　　 C.either　　　 D.all 答案　C　本题考查代词。街道只有两边,故排除D项;both、other后接复数名词,所以A、B两项错误;此空填either,指街道的任何一边都可以停车。故选C。 2.复合不定代词 (1)初中阶段常用的复合不定代词列表如下: somebody (某人) anybody (任何人) nobody (没有人) everybody (每个人) someone (某人) anyone (任何人) no one (没有人) everyone (每个人) something (某事) anything (任何事) nothing (没有东西) everything (每一件事) 如: Do you have anything special to tell me today? Listen to me,boys and girls.I have something to tell you. (2)在反意疑问句中,当句子陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词,如 everybody,nobody,anyone等时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词 they;当句子陈述部分的主语是指物的复合不定代词,如 everything,anything,something,nothing等时,其反意疑问部分的主语通常用代词 it。如: Everybody is here,aren’t they? Everything is ready,isn’t it? (3)当形容词或 else修饰复合不定代词 something,everything,everyone 等时,形容词或 else 必须放在这些词的后面。如: Xiaoming,he has something important to tell you. Can you find anyone else? (4)everyone的意思等同于everybody,只能指人;every one 既可指人也可指物,还可以和 of 连用。如: I’d like everyone to be happy. I have kept every one of her letters. 一．根据句意,选择方框中恰当的不定代词填空 anything　nobody　something　somebody　everything ①—Your tea, please. —There must be 　something　 sweet in it. It tastes good.  ②—Is there 　anything　 new in today’s newspaper?  —Yes. A famous singer will give a concert in our city. ③There is 　nobody　 in the classroom. All the students are in the playground.  ④　Everything　 is ready. Please come to have dinner.  ⑤Mary,　somebody　 is waiting for you outside.  6.—Amazing! Tom got the best grade in the test last week. —　　　 is impossible. He studies really hard online this term.  A.Anything　　　 B.Nothing C.Everything　　　 D.Something 答案　B　本题考查不定代词的用法。根据语境可知,只要努力就没有什么是不可能的。故答案为B。 二、指示代词 1.指示代词,表格如下: 单数 this that 复数 these those 2.指示代词的用法 (1)this/these ①近指。如:This is my pen. These are my books. ②指下文要提到的事。如:Please remember this:No pain,no gain. (2)that/those ①远指。如: That’s her bike. ②指前面刚刚提到过的事。如:He was ill.That was why he didn’t go to school. (3)打电话时用this介绍自己,that询问对方。 This is Mike speaking. Who’s that speaking? 1.The gravity on Mars is only about three eighths of 　　　on the Earth.  A.that　　　 B.those　　　 C.one　　　 D.ones 答案　A　本题考查代词。本句含有比较结构,在这种结构中,that替代可数名词单数或不可数名词。此句中gravity是不可数名词,故选A。 2.Sam finds sweeping robots useful, and he plans to buy 　　　for his grandma.  A.it　　　 B.one　　　 C.this　　　 D.that 答案　B　本题考查代词。one指同类事物中的一个,故本题选择B。 三、疑问代词 疑问代词 主要用法 例句 who 作主语、表语、宾语 Who wants to go with me? whom who的宾格形式,作宾语 To whom are you talking? whose who的所有格形式,作表语、定语 Whose book is this? what/who what询问某人的职业 —What’s your father? —He is a worker. who询问某人的身份、姓名 —Who is the boy under the tree? —He is Li Ming. what/ which what指“什么”,没有范围的限定 What would you like? which“哪一个,哪一些”,有范围的限制 Which one do you like best? 一．根据句意,用恰当的疑问代词填空 ①—　What　 do you usually do at the weekend?  —I often stay at home and help with the housework. ②—　Who　 is the boy under the tree?  —He is my brother John. ③—　Which　 do you like better, running or swimming?  —I like swimming better. ④—　Whose　 gloves are these?  —They’re Miss Li’s. 四、it的用法 1.指代前面提到过的事物。如:The book on the desk is not mine.It is Jim’s. 2.代替指示代词this或that。如:—What’s that?—It is a pencil. 3.指代婴儿或不明身份的人。如:Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and see who it is. 4.指代时间或季节。如:—What’s the time now?—It’s ten o’clock. 5.指代天气。如:—What’s the weather like today?—It’s sunny. 6.指代距离。如:How far is it from your school to your home? 7.it的常用句型: (1)It is+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.　如:It is important for us to work hard. (2)It’s time to do/for/that...　如:It’s time to get up/for lunch/that we went home. (3)It seems that...好像……　如:It seems that you are right. (4)It’s one’s turn to do...轮到某人做……　如:It’s your turn to sing. (5)It’s+adj.+that 从句　如:It’s natural that they should have different views. 8.作形式宾语。如:Do you think it necessary to learn to wait in line? 9.构成强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分”。如:It is he who goes to school by bike every day. 10. it,one,that作代词时的区别 (1)it特指上文提到的同一对象,是同一事物。如:The book is mine.It’s very interesting. (2)one 泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个,同类而不同物。如:—Who has a pen?—I have one. (3)that 常用于比较结构中,代替前面提到的名词,以避免重复。如: The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter. 一、语法选择 A young man was driving down a suburban (郊区的) street, going a bit too fast in 　1　 new car. There were many kids playing between the cars parked on the side of the street.  As his car passed, a child suddenly appeared and threw a brick at the car. The man stopped the car and jumped out. He grabbed the kid and shouted at 　2　, “What are you doing?” He continued yelling, “That's a new car. 　3　 will be expensive to fix the damage you did with that brick. 　4　 did you do it?”  “I'm sorry. I didn't know 　5　 to do! It's my brother,” he said. “He rolled off the curb (马路牙子) and fell out of his wheelchair (轮椅). I can't lift him up.” The boy asked the man, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He's hurt and he's too heavy for 　6　.”  The young man swallowed (吞咽) and said 　7　. He lifted the kid's brother back into the wheelchair.  “Thank you, sir,” the child said. The man then watched the little boy push his brother toward 　8　 home.  The young man did not repair the dent (凹痕) in his car. He kept it to remind 　9　 not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick to get his attention. Sometimes, when you don't make the time to listen, life throws a brick at 　10　 head.  1.A.him　　　 B.he　　　 C.his　　　 D.himself 2.A.he　　　 B.his　　　 C.him　　　 D.himself 3.A.It　　　 B.This　　　 C.That　　　 D.It's 4.A.What　　　 B.When　　　 C.Why　　　 D.How 5.A.what　　　 B.who C.which　　　 D.whom 6.A.I　　　 B.me　　　 C.he　　　 D.him 7.A.something　 B.anything　　 C.everything　　 D.nothing 8.A.her　　　 B.them　　　 C.their　　　 D.theirs 9.A.he　　　 B.him　　　 C.his　　　 D.himself 10.A.you　　　 B.your　　　 C.his　　　 D.yours 语篇解读　 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位年轻人正开车行驶在一个郊区的街道上时,突然一个小孩儿窜出来,向他的车扔砖头。他勃然大怒,抓住小孩问他为什么要这样做。当小孩告诉了年轻人他这样做的真实原因后,他帮助小孩把他的哥哥扶上轮椅。 1.C　本题考查代词。由空后面的new car可知,这里缺少的是形容词性物主代词,且上文提到了A young man,故选C。 2.C　本题考查代词。shout at sb. 冲某人大喊;动词短语后跟宾格形式。在本句中,宾语him指代前文的the kid。 3.A　本题考查代词。It在本句中作形式主语,真正的主语是to fix the damage you did with that brick。 4.C　本题考查代词和副词。根据句意可知,年轻人质问小孩为什么要用砖头砸他的小汽车。故选C。 5.A　本题考查代词。由语境可知,是不知道做什么,故选A。 6.B　本题考查代词。根据上下文可知,小男孩的哥哥受伤了,但因为哥哥太重,小男孩无法把哥哥扶上轮椅。介词for后面应用人称代词的宾格形式,故选B。 7.D　本题考查代词。根据上下文可知,年轻人被小男孩的话感动了,不再为小男孩之前的行为生气,所以什么也没说,故选D。 8.C　本题考查代词。这里的名词home 指的是小男孩和他哥哥的家,名词前应该用形容词性物主代词,故选C。 9.D　本题考查代词。remind oneself 提醒某人自己。故选D。 10.B　本题考查代词。名词head前应该用形容词性物主代词来修饰,根据句意可知,此处应用your,故选B。 二、短文填空 Since last year, because of the outbreak of COVID-19, many people who have had to stay at home have been eating takeaways(外卖). M　1　 people like takeaways. First, it's convenient(方便的). Thanks to takeaway services, plenty of restaurants now sell their food through the internet. Moreover, one of the most important reasons why people like takeaway food is that 　2　 is also really cheap.  However, there are also s　3　 disadvantages(缺点). For example, some restaurants add too much salt, sugar and oil to 　4　(they) food. People who eat it often will put on weight easily. This can even increase the risk of heart disease(心脏病).  From 　5　(I)point of view, we should probably cook for 　6　(we)as long as we have time. Cooking dinner together with other family members can be an enjoyable experience.   1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　 4.　　　　5.　　　　6.　　　  语篇解读　 本文是一篇议论文,论述了外卖食品的优缺点。 1.Many　下文讨论了外卖的优点,故首句是表达“许多人喜欢外卖”。故填Many。 2.it　分析句子结构可知,此空为从句主语,并且指代前文的takeaway food,故填it。 3.some　下文讨论了吃外卖的缺点,且设空处后跟disadvantages,故用some。 4.their　考查代词。设空处后为名词food, 需要形容词性物主代词来修饰,故填their。 5.my　考查代词。from one's point of view 在某人看来,所以此空填my。 6.ourselves　考查代词。cook for oneself为某人自己做饭,故填ourselves。 visit； unlucky； I；move；kind ；owner；share；drive； surprised； what；put into；customer；smell out；joke ；fresh Brandon Jones' mother lived in Vermont, and she often came to see him in Baltimore. Whenever she 1  Baltimore, Ekiben's tempura broccoli (西兰花天妇罗)was something that she always needed to have. She used to  2  that when she was on her deathbed, she only wanted tempura broccoli from Ekiben. 3  , she was diagnosed with (诊断) cancer late December and was in the final stage at home. Earlier this month, Jones wrote an email to Steve Chu, the  4  of the Ekiben Restaurant in Baltimore. He asked if Steve would like to  5  the recipe(烹饪法) for tempura broccoli so that he could cook it for his mother. Steve replied, “I and my business partner would make the long  6 ourselves to prepare the beloved dish for your mother so that she could enjoy it  7  ."Jones was   8 , so he emailed back," You do know this is Vermont we're talking about?" But Steve insisted, “No problem. I'll be there.” The next day, Steve put  9  he needed on his truck and headed for Vermont. As soon as he  10 the parking lot(停车场), he got to prepare. After finishing everything, he knocked on his  11  door. “As soon as my mother opened the door, she  12  the tempura broccoli immediately,”Jones said. “My mom kept saying, ‘I don't understand—you drove all the way up here to cook for  13  ?’She was so happy and  14  ” Steve, who wouldn't accept payment for the food. said it was“ a huge honor to be able to help them do that". Jones was happy that his mother was able to enjoy her favorite food with an order of 15  one last time. 1. _________   2._________   3._________   4._________   5._________6._________  7._________  8._________9._________10._________11._________ 12._________13._________ 14._________  15._________ 长难句分析 原句：（第一段第二句)Whenever she visited Baltimore, Ekiben's tempura broccoli was something that she always needed to have. 译文：每当她来到巴尔的摩，Ekiben餐馆的西兰花天妇罗是她总是要吃的。 分析：这是一个复合句。Whenever she visited Baltimore是whenever引导的时间状语从句;that she always needed to have是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 something。 译文 Brandon Jones 的母亲住在佛蒙特州，她经常来巴尔的摩看他。每当她来到巴尔的摩，Ekiben餐馆的西兰花天妇罗是她总是要吃的。她曾开玩笑说，临终之时，她只想吃Ekiben的西兰花天妇罗。不幸的是，12月底，她被诊断为癌症，处于癌症晚期的她待在家里。 本月早些时候，Jones给巴尔的摩Ekiben餐馆的老板 Steve Chu写了一封电子邮件。他问 Steve是否愿意分享西兰花天妇罗的烹饪法，从而他能为他的母亲做这道菜。 Steve回答说：“我和我的生意伙伴愿意亲自长途驱车，为你的母亲准备这道她心爱的菜，这样她就能享受到新鲜出炉的美味了。”Jones很惊讶，于是他发邮件回复道：“你真的知道我们说的是佛蒙特州吗？”但Steve坚持说：“没问题。我会去的。” 第二天，Steve 把他需要的东西放在他的卡车上，向佛蒙特州进发。刚把车停在停车场，他就开始准备了。完成一切后，他敲开了顾客的门。 Jones说：“我母亲一打开门，就立刻闻出了西兰花天妇罗的味道。我妈妈一直在说，‘我不明白一一你大老远开车来这里给我做饭？’她非常高兴，非常感动。” 不愿为此接受报酬的 Steve说：“能够帮他们做这件事是巨大的荣誉”。在这份善意订单的帮助下，他的母亲能够最后一次享受到她最喜欢的食物，这让Jones感到高兴。 答案详析 1. 根据文章第一句中的“Brandon Jones' mother lived in Vermont”可知，Jones的母亲住在佛蒙特州，由此推断此处指她每次来到巴尔的摩时又因为lived in Vermont为过去时故填visited。 2. 根据空后的内容“when she was on her deathbed, she only wanted tempura broccoli from Ekiben”可知，她临终前只想吃Ekiben的西兰花天妇罗，结合选项可推知这应该是她开玩笑时说出的话，故填joke。 3. 根据空后的“she was diagnosed with cancer”可知，她被诊断为癌症，这是不幸的事；作状语成分修饰；故填unluckily。 4. 根据下文中 Steve 亲自去给Jones的母亲做菜和空前Steve回复的“I and my business partner...”可推知，Steve应该是这家店的店主。故填owner 5. 根据空后的“so that he could cook it for his mother”可知.Jones想为母亲做西兰花天妇罗，故他询问 Steve 是否愿意分享这道菜的烹饪法。故填share 6. 根据on his truck和the parking lot 可知.Steve将要和他的合伙人开车去为Jones的母亲做这道菜。此外，“you drove all the way up here”也可作为提示信息。故填drive 7.根据空前的内容可知，Steve要去佛蒙特州为Jones 的母亲做西兰龙天妇罗 这样做的目的是让她吃到刚做的菜。fresh“新鲜的；新产的”，符合语境。 8. 根据Jones 的回复“You do know this is Vermont we're talking about?”可知，他向Steve确认他们谈论的是佛蒙特州，故推测他感到惊讶。故填surprised 9. 根据空后的 headed for Vermont 可知，Steve 要去佛蒙特州；再结合常识可知，他在去之前应该把需要的东西放在卡车上。what引导的宾语从句作put的宾语。 10. 根据空后的the parking lot 可知，他在停车场停车。pull into“驶向路边（或某处）停靠"。 11. 根据上文可知，Jones的母亲喜欢Steve的餐馆的西兰花天妇罗，故她是一名顾客。又因为空后的door；故填所有格customer‘s 12.根据第一段的内容可知，Jones的母亲每次来巴尔的摩都会吃Steve的餐馆的西兰花天妇罗，她应该很熟悉它的味道，故此处指Jones的母亲一开门，立刻就闻出了它的味道。又因为时态为过去时smelled/smelt out“闻出”符合语境。 13. 根据上文可知，Steve特意来为Jones的母亲做西兰花天妇罗，且此处为Jones的母亲说的话，故选me。 14. 根据上文可知，Steve来为Jones的母亲做她喜欢的西兰花天妇罗，故此处指她又高兴又感动。故填moved 15. 根据上文可知，Steve 开车来为 Jones的母亲做菜，而且不收取任何费用,故此处指Jones的母亲吃到了最爱的食物，这份食物里也包含了Steve的善意。故填kindness。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 第 2 页 共 20 页 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$