01 高考英语核心知识背记手册（高考重点核心词汇）-2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮 （通用）

高考英语核心知识背记手册（1） 目录 一、185个高频易错不规则动词（过去式、过去分词、现在分词）梳理 1 二、高考英语拼写易错单词梳理 7 二、拼写错误率最高的易错词梳理 10 三、语法填空及写作易错单词梳理 11 一、185个高频易错不规则动词（过去式、过去分词、现在分词）梳理 中文 动词原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词 1 坚持，遵守 abide abided/abode abided/abode abiding 2 升起，起来 arise arose arisen arising 3 唤醒 awake awoke awoken awaking 4 照看小孩 babysit babysat babysat babysitting 5 是 be(am/is/are) was/were been being 6 生育（子女） bear bore borne/born bearing 7 打击，跳动 beat beat beaten beating 8 成为 become became become becoming 9 开始 begin began begun beginning 10 弯曲 bend bent bent bending 11 打赌，投注 bet bet/betted bet/betted betting 12 打赌，投注 bet betted/bet betted/bet betting 13 出价，投标 bid bid bid bidding 14 捆，绑 bind bound bound binding 15 叮咬 bite bit bitten biting 16 出血，流血 bleed bled bled bleeding 17 祝福 bless blessed/ blest blessed/ blest blessing 18 吹 blow blew blown blowing 19 折断，打破 break broke broken breaking 20 带来 bring brought brought bringing 21 播放 broadcast broadcast broadcast broadcasting 22 建造 build built built building 23 燃烧 burn burnt burnt burning 24 破裂 burst burst burst bursting 25 打碎，使破产 bust bust/ busted bust/ busted busting 26 买 buy bought bought buying 27 投 cast cast cast casting 28 捕捉 catch caught caught catching 29 选择 choose chose chosen choosing 30 粘上 cling clung clung clinging 31 来 come came come coming 32 耗费，花费 cost cost cost costing 33 匍匐，爬行 creep crept crept creeping 34 切 cut cut cut cutting 35 分配 deal dealt dealt dealing 36 挖掘 dig dug dug digging 37 做，干，完成 do did done doing 38 画画 draw drew drawn drawing 39 梦想 dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed dreaming 40 饮，喝 drink drank drunk drinking 41 驾驶 drive drove driven driving 42 居住，细想 dwell dwelt/ dwelled dwelt/ dwelled dwelling 43 吃 eat ate eaten eating 44 落下 fall fell fallen falling 45 喂养 feed fed fed feeding 46 感觉 feel felt felt feeling 47 战斗 fight fought fought fighting 48 发现 find found found finding 49 逃走 flee fled fled fleeing 50 飞 fly flew flown flying 51 禁止 forbid forbade/ forbad forbidden forbidding 52 预报，预测 forecast forecast/ forecasted forecast/ forecasted forecasting 53 预见，预知 foresee foresaw foreseen foreseeing 54 忘记 forget forgot forgotten forgetting 55 原谅 forgive forgave forgiven forgiving 56 冻结 freeze froze frozen freezing 57 获得 get got got getting 58 得到 get got gotten/got getting 59 给予 give gave given giving 60 走 go went gone going 61 磨碎 grind ground ground grinding 62 成长，生长 grow grew grown growing 63 悬挂，绞死 hang hung/hanged hung/hanged hanging 64 有 have had had having 65 听 hear heard heard hearing 66 隐藏 hide hid hidden/hid hiding 67 打 hit hit hit hitting 68 拿 hold held held holding 69 受伤 hurt hurt hurt hurting 70 输入（信息） input input input inputting 71 保持 keep kept kept keeping 72 跪下 kneel knelt knelt kneeling 73 编织，编结 knit knitted knitted knitting 74 知道 know knew known knowing 75 放置 lay laid laid laying 76 领导 lead led led leading 77 倚靠，倾斜 lean leant/leaned leant/leaned leaning 78 跳跃 leap leapt/leaped leapt/leaped leaping 79 学习 learn learnt/ learned learnt/ learned learning 80 离开 leave left left leaving 81 借出 lend lent lent lending 82 让，使 let let let letting 83 撒谎 lie lied lied lying 84 躺 lie lay lain lying 85 点燃 light lit/lighted lit/lighted lighting 86 遗失 lose lost lost losing 87 制作 make made made making 88 意味着 mean meant meant meaning 89 会见 meet met met meeting 90 融化 melt melted melted/ molten melting 91 读错，看错 misread misread misread misreading 92 错误，误解 mistake mistook mistaken mistaking 93 抵消 offset offset offset offsetting 94 长得比……快 outgrow outgrew outgrown outgrowing 95 输出 output output output outputting 96 克服 overcome overcame overcome overcoming 97 做……过度 overdo overdid overdone overdoing 98 吃多了 overeat overate overeaten overeating 99 过度生长 overgrow overgrew overgrown overgrowing 100 监督，偷看到 oversee overgsaw overseen overseeing 101 超过 overtake overtook overtaken overtaking 102 推到 overthrow overthrew overthrown overthrowing 103 付款 pay paid paid paying 104 证明 prove proved proven/ proved proving 105 放 put put put putting 106 中止 quit quit/quitted quit/quitted quitting 107 读 read read read reading 108 重铸，重做 recast recast recast recasting 109 重映，重做 rerun reran rerun rerunning 110 重新安排 reset reset reset resetting 111 重写，改写 rewrite rewrote rewritten rewriting 112 免除 rid rid rid ridding 113 骑，乘 ride rode ridden riding 114 响，鸣 ring rang rung ringing 115 上升，升起 rise rose risen rising 116 跑 run ran run running 117 锯开 saw sawed sawn/sawed sawing 118 说话 say said said saying 119 看见 see saw seen seeing 120 寻找 seek sought sought seeking 121 卖 sell sold sold selling 122 发送 send sent sent sending 123 放置 set set set setting 124 缝纫，缝补 sew sewed sewn/sewed sewing 125 摇动 shake shook shaken shaking 126 剃 shave shaved shaved/ shaven shaving 127 滴，掉落，脱落 shed shed shed shedding 128 闪耀 shine shone shone shining 129 射击 shoot shot shot shooting 130 出示，展示 show showed shown/showed showing 131 关闭 shut shut shut shutting 132 唱歌 sing sang sung singing 133 下沉 sink sank sunk sinking 134 坐下 sit sat sat sitting 135 睡觉 sleep slept slept sleeping 136 滑动 slide slid slid sliding 137 切开，划开 slit slit slit slitting 138 嗅闻 smell smelt smelt smelling 139 播种 sow sowed sown/sowed sowing 140 说 speak spoke spoken speaking 141 加速 speed sped/speeded sped/speeded speeding 142 拼写 spell spelt/ spelled spelt/ spelled spelling 143 花费 spend spent spent spending 144 溅出，飞溅 spill spilt/ spilled spilt/ spilled spilling 145 纺织 spin span/spun spun spinning 146 吐，唾 spit spat spat spitting 147 撕裂 split split split splitting 148 损坏，毁坏 spoil spoilt/ spoiled spoilt/ spoiled spoiling 149 伸展，张开 spread spread spread spreading 150 跳跃 spring sprang/ sprung sprung springing 151 站立 stand stood stood standing 152 偷窃 steal stole stolen stealing 153 粘住 stick stuck stuck sticking 154 叮咬 sting stung stung stinging 155 发臭 stink stank stunk stinking 156 跨越 stride strode stridden striding 157 敲打 strike struck struck striking 158 努力，奋斗 strive strove striven striving 159 将（房屋）转租 sublet sublet sublet subletting 160 发誓 swear swore sworn swearing 161 打扫 sweep swept swept sweeping 162 膨胀，肿胀 swell swelled swollen swelling 163 游泳 swim swam swum swimming 164 摆动 swing swung swung swinging 165 拿，取 take took taken taking 166 教诲 teach taught taught teaching 167 撕裂 tear tore torn tearing 168 告诉 tell told told telling 169 思考 think thought thought thinking 170 扔，投 throw threw thrown throwing 171 推，刺，插入 thrust thrust thrust thrusting 172 理解 understand understood understood understanding 173 承担 undertake undertook undertaken undertaking 174 松开 undo undid undone undoing 175 使心烦，扰乱 upset upset upset upsetting 176 醒 wake woke woken waking 177 穿，戴 wear wore worn wearing 178 纺织，编织 weave wove/weaved woven/weaved weaving 179 哭泣 weep wept wept weeping 180 打湿 wet wetted/wet wetted/wet wetting 181 赢，胜利 win won won winning 182 收回 withdraw withdrew withdrawn withdrawing 183 忍受，顶住 withstand withstood withstood withstanding 184 绞，拧 wring wrung wrung wringing 185 写 write wrote written writing 二、高考英语拼写易错单词梳理 1. able的反义词及意思 unable没能力的/disabled残疾的 2. normal的反义词及意思 abnormal 反常的 3. access 的形容词及意思 accessible可得到，可进入的 4. accurate的名词及意思 accuracy 准确 5. acquire 的名词及意思 acquisition 获得，习得 6. admit 的名词 admission 7. “建议、忠告”的名词与动词 名词：tip/suggestion/advice 动词：suggest/advise 8. ambition的形容词 ambitious 9. anxious的名词 anxiousness / anxiety 10. “道歉”的名词和动词 名词：apology  动词：apologize 11. appear的名词 appearance 12. “欣赏、感激”的名词 appreciation 13. arrive的名词 arrival 14. assist的两个名词 assistant 助手 / assistance 帮助 15. aware的意思及其名词 意识到的/注意到的   名词：awareness 16. balance作为动词的反义词 unbalance 18.beautiful的动词与名词 动词：beautify   名词：beauty 19.believe 的名词 belief 20. behave的名词 behavior 21. benefit 的形容词 beneficial 22. boring/bored的名词 boredom 23. brave的名词 bravery 24. careful的同义词（c开头） cautious 25．character的形容词 characteristic 26. class的动词 classify 27.“同事”“大学”（c开头）；知识；村庄(v开头) colleague   college  knowledge   village 28. comfortable 的名词及动词 comfort /comfort 29. compare的名词 comparison 30. 比赛、竞赛（match/contest除外） competition 31. conclude的名词 conclusion 32. consider的两个形容词 considerate / consideration 33. 方便、便捷（c开头的名词） convenience 34. correct反义词 incorrect 35. 形容词“好奇的”、名词“好奇” 形容词：curious    名词：curiosity 36.deep/long/wide/strong/high的对应名词 depth  length  width  strength  height 37. depend形容词的反义词 independent 38. determine的名词 determination 39.different的动词 differ 40. ease的反义词 unease 41. electricity 两个形容词 electric / electrical 42. energy的形容词 energetic 43. 环境（n.）  政府（n.） environment / government 44. “嫉妒”的名词及形容词 jealousy 45. equal的名词 equal的反义词 equal反义词的名词 equality unequal inequality 46. examination的动词 examine 47. exist的名词 existence 48. explain的名词 explanation 49. express的名词及其含义 expression 表达/表情 50. fail的名词 failure 51. famous的名词 fame 53. finance的形容词 financial 54. fluent的名词 fluency 55. formal的反义词 informal 56. frequent的名词 frequency 57. generous的名词 generosity 58. gift的形容词及含义 gifted 59．grateful的名词 gratitude / gratefulness 60. hard的名词 hardness / hardship 61. humor的形容词 humorous 62. legal的反义词 illegal 63. imagine的两个形容词 imaginary / imaginative 64. intend的名词 intention 65. invite的名词 invitation 66. knowledge的形容词 knowledgeable 67. laugh的名词 laughter 68. lose的名词 loss 69.large/short/low/wide/strong/deep的动词 enlarge/shorten/lower/widen/strengthen/deepen 70. major的名词 majority 71. memory的动词 memorize 72. mistake的形容词 mistaken 73. necessary的名词及含义 necessity 必需品；必要性 74. occupation的动词 occupy 75. organize的名词 organization 76. origin的形容词 original 77. permit作为动词的名词形式 permission 78. private的名词 privacy 79. persuade的形容词 persuasive 80. physical的名词 physics 81. pleasure的动词和形容词（不止一个） 动词：please  形容词：pleased /pleasing/pleasant 82. polite的名词 politeness 83. popular的名词 popularity 84. possess的名词 possession 85．prefer的名词 preference 86. press作为动词的名词 pressure 87. pronounce的名词 pronunciation 88．proud的名词 pride 89. reason的形容词 reasonable 90. refuse的名词 refusal 91. rely的形容词     rely形容词的反义词 reliable / reliant unreliable 92. religion和region各自的形容词 religious  regional 93. repeat的副词 repeatedly 94. satisfy的形容词和名词 形容词：satisfied/satisfying/satisfactory 名词：satisfaction 95. secure的名词 security 96. significant的反义词 insignificant 97. society的形容词 social 98. spirit的形容词 spiritual 99. stable的名词 stability 100. support的形容词 supportive 101. survive的名词 survival 102. system的形容词 systematic 103. tend的名词 tendency 104. trouble的形容词 troublesome 105. certain的反义词 uncertain 106. important的反义词 unimportant 107. value的形容词 valuable 108. various的名词和动词 variety   vary      109. weak的名词 weakness 110. wealth的形容词 wealthy 111. will的形容词的反义词 unwilling 112. realistic的反义词 unrealistic 113. recognize的名词 recognition 114.form作为动词的名词形式 formation 115. logical的反义词 illogical 116. deny形容词的反义词 undeniable 117. sleep的两个形容词 asleep   sleepy 118. accept的名词 acceptance 119. company的动词 accompany 120. regular的反义词 irregular 121. pursue的名词 pursuit 二、拼写错误率最高的易错词梳理 一）词性变化时必须去掉字母e的单词 true (adj)----truth(n)真相 guide (v)----guidance(n)指导 value(v)----valuable(adj)有价值的 argue (v)----argument(n)争论;争辩 finance (n)—financial (adj)财政的;金融的 二）词性变化时不能去掉字母e的单词 change (v)----changeable(adj)多变的 courage(n)----courageous(adj)勇敢的 achieve(v)----achievement (n)达到;成就 improve(v)----improvement(n)改进;改善 knowledge (n)----knowledgeable(adj)知识渊博的 三）变分词时末尾必须双写的单词 admit (v)----admitted /admitting承认 control(v)----controlled /controlling 控制 prefer (v)----preferred /preferring 更喜欢 permit (v)----permitted /permitting 准许 equip (v)----equipped /equipping 装备;配备 四）词性变化时末尾不双写的单词 tower (v)----towering(adj)高大的 write (v)----writing(n)著作;书写 suffer (v)----suffering(n)疼痛;痛苦 appeal (v)----appealing (adj)有吸引力 remain(v)----remaining(adj)留下的;剩余的 五）特殊变化的单词 space (n)----spacious (adj)宽敞的 explain (v)----explanation (n)解释 benefit (n)----beneficial (adj)有利的 accurate (adj)----accuracy (n)准确;精确 responsible (adj)----responsibility (n)责任;职责 三、语法填空及写作易错单词梳理 1. 该双写却没有双写的单词（必须双写） unforgettable, written , inferred, referred , occurred, regretting, robbed , permitted, forgetting, wrapping, preferred, begged, hugged; planned; dropped, winning, cutting, beginning, hitting ，stopping 2. 不该双写却双写的单词（括号中为错词） writing (错误writting) , eaten (错误eatten) suffered (错误sufferred) 3. 词性变化时必须去掉字母e的单词 unbelievable---unbelievable, value--valuable, argue-argument, (真糟糕，简单可能温柔了) true---truly, terrible--terribly, simple---simply， possible--possibly, probable---probably, gentle---gently , 4. 词性变化时不能去掉字母e的单词 (un) changeable, (re) chargeable, hopeful, moveable 5. 变化非常特别的单词 panic-panicked-panicking 6. 常考的动词变名词 pronounce---pronunciation explain----explanation prepare---preparation combine---combination recommend---recommendation laugh→laughter consider → consideration recognize →recognition occupy → occupation permit → permission admit →admission conclude → conclusion decide → decision, describe →description survive → survival幸存→ survivor幸存者, arrive → arrival approve → approval perform → performance apologize → apology acquire → acquisition apply → applicant申请人→ application-申请 to one’s ...让某人...的是 (satisfy / astonish / annoy / amaze / disappoint / relieve / embarrass ) →satisfaction / astonishment / annoyance / amazement / disappointment / relief / embarrassment) “in + 上述名词”，表“处于…状态” 7. 名词变形容词 nature → natural, benefit → beneficial 8. 形容词变名词 wise / free →→wisdom / freedom high /weigh→→height / weight short/ marry →→shortage / marriage strong/long/deep/wide/grow/dead/warm-------strength/length/depth/width/growth/death/warmth curious/various/anxious/able/responsible/popular→→curiosity/variety/anxiety/ability/responsibility/popularity 9. 形容词变动词 deep/ fast/ class/ identity/ beauty/ simple/ modern/ popular→→deepen/ fasten/ classify/ identify/ beautify/simplify/modernize/ popularize 10.形容词变副词，不去e的单词(绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的单词不去e直接加-ly) unfortunate→unfortunately, immediate → immediately, absolute→absolutely, rude → rudely, approximate → approximately, desperate→desperately, large → largely, accurate → accurately 但true-truly, whole-wholly 等除外 11. 形容词变副词，以ic 结尾的词，加ally economic → economically; basic →basically; scientific → scientifically; automatic → automatically; energetic → energetically; 但是public → publicly（公开地） 例外 12. 容易拼写错误的单词 （1）是 or 不是er: professor, visitor, translator, director, editor, educator, actor, inventor, competitor, conductor ,monitor （2）容易丢掉一个字母的单词 容易丢掉字母n：government，environment，environmental 容易丢掉不发音的字母：Christmas， Wednesday , therefore （3） 拼写比较特别的单词： committee委员会，guarantee担保，dilemma进退两难的困境， opportunity， bridegroom新郎，spokesman发言人，succeed，competition，February二月 13. 容易多或少一个字母(括号里是错误的单词) therefore（therefor错误） habit(habbit) souvenir纪念品(souvenior错误) similar 相似（simlar错误） ninth 第九（nineth错误） forty四十 （fourty错误） healthier (healthyer错误) 四、高考英语拼写易混词梳理 quiet安静地；quite相当 effect n结果，影响；affect v影响 adopt采用；adapt适应 angle角度；angel天使 dairy牛奶厂；diary日记 content内容；context上下文；contest竞争，比赛；contend奋斗，斗争 principle原则；principal校长 implicit含蓄的；explicit明白的 desert沙漠v放弃；dessert甜食 slap掌击；rap敲，打 pat轻拍；tap轻打 decent正经的；descend v向下；descent n向下，血统 sweet甜的；sweat汗水 later后来；latter后者；latest最近的；lately adv最近 custom习惯；costume服装 intensive深刻的；extensive广泛的 oral口头的；aural耳的 abroad国外；aboard上(船，飞机) alter改变；altar祭坛 ascent上升；accent口音；assent同意 champion冠军；champagne香槟酒；campaign战役 barren不毛之地的；baron男爵；barn古仓 beam梁，光束；bean豆 precede领先；proceed进行，继续 pray祈祷；prey猎物 chore家务活；chord和弦；cord细绳 site场所；sight视觉；cite引用 clash(金属)幢击声；crash碰幢，坠落；crush压坏 compliment赞美；complement附加物 confirm确认；conform使顺从 contact接触；contract合同；contrast对 council议会；counsel忠告；consul领事 crown王冠；crow乌鸦；clown小丑；cow牛 dose一剂药；doze打盹 emigrant移民到国外；immigrant从某国来的移民 drown溺水；drought天旱 patent专利；potent有力的；potential潜在的 police警察；policy政策；politics政治 protest抗议；protect保护 require需要；inquire询问；enquire询问；acquire获得 revenge报仇；avenge为…报仇 storey楼层；story故事；store商店 strike打；stick坚持；strict严格的 expand扩张；expend花费；extend延长 commence开始；commerce商业 through通过；thorough彻底的；though尽管；thought think过去分词 purpose日的；suppose假设；propose建议 expect期望；respect尊敬；aspect方面；inspect视察；suspect怀疑 slide使滑行；slip跌落 steal偷；steel钢 prospect前景；perspective透视法 lose丢失；loose松的；loss n损失；lost lose过去式 unmoral；immoral不道德的；amoral同义不道德的 capitol大厦；capital首都 causal表原因的；casual随便的 extend延伸；extent长度 disability残疾；inability没能力 personal个人的；personnel人事 statue塑像；status地位 widow寡妇；window窗户 stockings长筒袜；socks短袜 tax税；taxi出租 definite不定的；infinite无限的 canyon山谷；crayon蜡笔 resent生气；recent最近 rude粗鲁的；crude天然的 source水源；sauce酱油；saucer茶托 resource资源；recourse求援 sled(儿童)雪橇；sledge雪橇 stripe条纹；strip条；trip旅行 vocation职业；vacation假期 area区域；era时代 resemble象…；assemble v集合，装配；assume假定；resume恢复 attain达到；obtain获得；abstain放弃 proclaim宣布；exclaim呼喊；declaim朗诵 reject拒绝；eject逐出；inject注射；deject使沮丧 literacy识字；literary文学的；literature文学；literal文字的 dine吃饭；diner吃饭人；dinning n 吃饭；dinner晚饭 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$