精品解析：2024届吉林省吉林市第一中学高三下学期二模英语试题

2024年（21级）吉林一中适应性训练 （英语）试卷 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型 A后的方框涂黑。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the school term begin? A. September 12. B. September 20. C. September 22. 2. Which of the following is true? A. Tom’s parents have left Los Angeles. B. The woman speaker called on Tom’s parents last night. C. Tom’s parents have gone to Los Angeles. 3. How long does it take the man to go to work on foot? A. Three minutes. B. An hour. C.45 minutes. 4. Who hasn’t been to the zoo for a long time? A. The man. B. The woman. C. Both. 5. How doesn’t the man feel like going out? A. He feels tired. B. He will study all night. C. He doesn’t like the film. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至9题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. Maybe at the woman’s house. B. Maybe at the information desk. C. Maybe in the street. 7. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The bill is not clear enough. B. The bill is sent to a wrong address. C. Incorrect bills are sent to the woman. 8. Why does the same kind of mistakes occur? A. The man is not careful enough. B. The new computer is not working properly. C. The clerks do not know how to use the computer. 9. What does the man agree to do? A. Get a better computer. B. Pay the woman extra money. C. Send correct bills to the woman later. 听第7段材料，回答第10至11题。 10. Who caught the biggest fish? A. Ben. B. Ben’s mother. C. Kathy. 11 Why doesn’t Ben want fish for dinner? A. He is not hungry. B. His mother doesn’t want him to eat fish. C. He ate too much fish on his holiday. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12. Where might the conversation take place? A. In the street. B. At home. C. In the cinema. 13. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Mother and son. C. Husband and wife. 14. What’s the woman going to do? A. Go out for a walk. B. Go to the cinema. C. Go to her parents’ home. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15 What’s wrong with the man? A. He is very tired and sleepy. B. He is worried about his English test. C. He is ill because of hard work. 16. What did the man do last night? A. He studied in the library. B. He went to his friend’s party. C. He attended an English test. 17. What does the woman think the man should do? A. He should stay at home instead of going out. B. He should go on with his study after the party. C. He should sleep longer instead of getting up early. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which of the following is not mentioned as an important invention in the human history? A. Clock. B. Paper. C. Radio. 19. Why don’t we know the names of many inventors? A. They were forgotten. B. Their inventions are not important at all. C. There were no pens or pencils in the past. 20. What can we learn about pens and pencils? A. They were invented by man. B. Thousands of years ago people didn’t know the inventors. C. They were not called pens and pencils thousands of years ago. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A If you’re a keen photographer with a passion for making an impact, we’d love to have you join this nonprofit photography workshop in Africa! You don’t need to be a pro to join: you just need to have a good camera, basic photography skills, and an interest in giving back through photography. ·Program schedule One-week workshop The program will be kicked off with a workshop taught by humanitarian photographer Anna Lusty. The first week will be focused on all elements of nonprofit photography, including how to prepare for shoots, how to approach projects in a culturally sensitive way, and how to best capture (捕捉) the essence of projects, etc. Half days will be spent on theory, and during the other half, we’ll visit a nonprofit organization so that we can put skills into practice. ·Photography assignments From the second week, you’ll start your photography assignments. Each week, you’ll be assigned to a grassroots organization of your choice. This can have a wide range of focus areas, such as education, animal welfare, sports coaching and more. You’ll spend your time getting to understand the organization’s mission and projects, and you’ll document their work with your camera. At the end of the week, there will be time for post production, and you can donate a selection of your images to the organization. ·Logistics and support Accommodation, transport and support are all provided during this photography volunteer project. We’ll pick you up from the airport, provide all necessary transport and support on the ground and supply daily meals. ·Start dates and fees Our start dates for 2024 are as follows: Cape Town: Feb 19/May 14 /July 17 /Oct 16 Livingstone: July 31 Program fees for 2024: 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks Cape Town $2,150 $2,700 $3,250 Livingstone $2,750 $3,200 $3,650 We’d love to receive your application! 1. What is required to apply for the program? A. Professional photography skills. B. Related volunteer experience. C. Proper photographic equipment. D. Interest in African culture. 2. What do we know about the schedule of the program? A. Each volunteer is assigned a professional photographer. B. The program combines theoretical learning and practical sessions. C. Volunteers can team up freely to finish a project together. D. Participants raise money for the organization. 3. How much should you pay if you start the program on July 31 and stay for 3 weeks? A. $2,150. B. $2,700. C. $3,200. D. $3,650. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个非营利摄影工作室的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“you just need to have a good camera, basic photography skills, and an interest in giving back through photography.(你只需要有一台好的相机，基本的摄影技巧，以及通过摄影回馈社会的兴趣)”可知，申请这个项目需要有适当的照相设备。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Half days will be spent on theory, and during the other half, we’ll visit a nonprofit organization so that we can put skills into practice.(半天时间学习理论知识，另一半时间，我们将参观一个非营利组织，这样我们就可以把技能付诸实践)”可知，一半的日子会在理论上，另一半会去参观一个非营利性组织，目的是使理论应用于实践。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Start dates and fees部分中“Livingstone: July 31(Livingstone：7月31日)”以及表格内容可知，开始于7月31日的是Livingstone，三周的价格是3200美元。故选C。 B I grew up on a dairy farm. The particular life location to which I got assigned—“stuck” is a better word if you’ve ever been there — was a small family-owned-and-operated outfit. I remember the Christmas when our main hired hand dropped out of the work rotation. Sixteen and the oldest of the kids left at home, I was called on to fill in. Halfway through the first day, I realized I had never noticed exactly how much that worker did. For five days I either milked or slept, fed calves (牛犊) or slept. I have to admit this gave me a deep appreciation of how hard my parents worked day in and day out for 30 years, and that understanding solidified my determination to do whatever it took to not stay on that dairy farm my whole life. Eventually, my determination paid off. I got into college. Now, I no longer have to worry about my father’s voice yelling, “Stace, come out here! We need help!” To be honest, I’m grateful. But at the same time, I also don’t have a compelling reason to be up in time to see the beauty of a sunrise. Nor do I have the opportunity to dance with my sister in the dairy barn, work side-by-side with my dad and hear the old stories. Now, there are whole stretches of days when I don’t feel any pressing need to even go outside. And I can go months without petting an animal or watching in amazement at their keen sense of the environment around them. Instead, I have neighbors within shouting distance but who feel like they live a planet away. Eighteen years I lived my life on that dairy, not really knowing there were people who didn’t get up and go out and work together to get the same overwhelming tasks done day after day. Sometimes I wish I had never found out there were. 4. What did the author come to understand on her first day working on the farm? A. She couldn’t manage so much work. B. Her parents sacrificed a lot for her family. C. The tasks were dull and challenging. D. The work was more demanding than expected. 5. What motivated the author to pursue further education? A. Lack of opportunities on the farm. B. A passion for academic study. C. Her dissatisfaction with farm life. D. Encouragement from her parents. 6. How does the author feel about her life now? A. Mixed. B. Regretful. C. Content. D. Relieved. 7. What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph? A. She has become tired of her daily routine. B. She misses the connections she had before. C. She regrets leaving her family behind. D. She has lost interest in the beauty of nature. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者从小生活在农场里，繁重的农场工作使作者下决心远离农场去求学深造，后来又开始怀念农场生活。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I have to admit this gave me a deep appreciation of how hard my parents worked day in and day out for 30 years(我必须承认，这让我深深感激我的父母30年来日复一日的辛勤工作)”可知，作者开始意识到这个工作比之前预计的要费力，故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I have to admit this gave me a deep appreciation of how hard my parents worked day in and day out for 30 years, and that understanding solidified my determination to do whatever it took to not stay on that dairy farm my whole life.(我必须承认，这让我深深感激我的父母30年来日复一日的辛勤工作，这种理解坚定了我的决心，无论付出什么代价，我都不会一辈子待在那个奶牛场)”可知，作者对农场生活不满意，这促使她继续深造，故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后两段“Now, there are whole stretches of days when I don’t feel any pressing need to even go outside. And I can go months without petting an animal or watching in amazement at their keen sense of the environment around them. Instead, I have neighbors within shouting distance but who feel like they live a planet away.(现在，我有好长一段时间都不觉得迫切需要出门。我可以几个月不去抚摸动物，也不去惊奇地观察它们对周围环境的敏锐感知。相反，我的邻居离我很近，但他们感觉自己住在另一个星球上)”和“Eighteen years I lived my life on that dairy, not really knowing there were people who didn’t get up and go out and work together to get the same overwhelming tasks done day after day. Sometimes I wish I had never found out there were.(18年来，我一直生活在那个奶牛场里，不知道还有人没有起床，走出去，日复一日地一起完成同样繁重的任务。有时候我真希望我从来没有发现这一点)”可知，现在作者发现了不在农场生活的坏处，反思自己没有意识到的农场生活的好处，由此推知她看到现在的生活既有好的一面又有不好的一面，所以是mixed，故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后两段“Now, there are whole stretches of days when I don’t feel any pressing need to even go outside. And I can go months without petting an animal or watching in amazement at their keen sense of the environment around them. Instead, I have neighbors within shouting distance but who feel like they live a planet away.(现在，我有好长一段时间都不觉得迫切需要出门。我可以几个月不去抚摸动物，也不去惊奇地观察它们对周围环境的敏锐感知。相反，我的邻居离我很近，但他们感觉自己住在另一个星球上)”和“Eighteen years I lived my life on that dairy, not really knowing there were people who didn’t get up and go out and work together to get the same overwhelming tasks done day after day. Sometimes I wish I had never found out there were.(18年来，我一直生活在那个奶牛场里，不知道还有人没有起床，走出去，日复一日地一起完成同样繁重的任务。有时候我真希望我从来没有发现这一点)”可知，作者怀念之前的时光，与自然、邻居的联系，故选B。 C Anyone who’s used noise-canceling headphones knows that hearing the right noise at the right time can be vital. Someone might want to remove sirens (汽笛) when working indoors, but not when walking along busy streets. Yet people can’t choose what sounds their headphones cancel. Now, a team led by researchers at the University of Washington (UW) has developed deep-learning algorithms (算法) that let users pick which sounds pass through their headphones in real time. The system, called “semantic hearing”, works with headphones that stream the captured sounds to a connected smartphone which cancels all environmental sounds. Either through voice commands or a smartphone app, headphone wearers can select which sounds they want to include from 20 classes, such as sirens, baby cries, speech and bird chirps. Only the selected sounds will be played through the headphones. “The challenge posed to today’s noise-canceling headphones is that the sounds headphone wearers hear need to sync (同步) with their visual senses. You can’t hear someone’s voice two seconds after they talk to you,” said senior author Shyam Gollakota, a UW professor. “This means the algorithms must process sounds in under a hundredth of a second.” That need for speed is why the system must process sounds on a device such as a connected smartphone, instead of on cloud servers. Additionally, because sounds from different directions arrive in people’s ears at different times, the system must preserve these delays and other clues so people can still meaningfully perceive sounds in their environment. Tested in environments such as offices, streets and parks, the system was able to capture sirens, bird chirps, alarms and other target sounds, while removing all other real-world noise. When 22 participants rated the system’s voice output for the target sound, they said that the quality improved compared to the original recording. In some cases, the system struggled to distinguish between sounds that share many properties, such as vocal music and human speech. The researchers note that training the models on more real-world data can improve these outcomes. In the near future, the researchers plan to release a commercial version of the system. 8. What’s the innovative feature of the UW’s new hearing system? A. It can capture noise more precisely. B. It is connected with efficient cloud servers. C. It can customize sounds for users’ preferences. D. It lets wearers perceive the surroundings better. 9. What is the disadvantage of today’s noise-cancelıng headphones? A. They can’t feel the directions of sounds. B. They can’t recognize the target sounds. C. They lack relevant technical support. D. They lack real-time intelligence. 10. What do the researchers expect of the new hearing system? A. It’ll come onto the market soon. B. It’ll improve the sound quality. C. It’ll capture sounds from nature. D. It’ll be tested in noisier environments. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. An effective way to avoid noise around us. B. The development of deep-learning algorithms C. A new noise-canceling headphone technology. D. The application of noise-canceling headphones. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了高科技降噪耳机将面世，这种耳机能让你只听想听的声音。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的首句“Now, a team led by researchers at the University of Washington (UW) has developed deep-learning algorithms (算法) that let users pick which sounds pass through their headphones in real time.(现在，由华盛顿大学(UW)的研究人员领导的一个团队开发了深度学习算法，让用户实时选择耳机中播放的声音)”和尾句“Only the selected sounds will be played through the headphones.(只有选定的声音会通过耳机播放)”可知，华盛顿大学推出的噪音消除技术可以让佩戴者有选择地聆听所需的声音，即根据用户的喜好定制声音，故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The challenge posed to today’s noise-canceling headphones is that the sounds headphone wearers hear need to sync (同步) with their visual senses.(如今的降噪耳机面临的挑战是，耳机佩戴者听到的声音需要与他们的视觉感官同步)”可知，当今降噪耳机在实时智能方面仍有不足，故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In the near future, the researchers plan to release a commercial version of the system.(在不久的将来，研究人员计划发布该系统的商业版本)”可知，研究人员计划在不久的将来发布该系统的商业版本，由此可知，该系统将投放到市场出售，故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“Now, a team led by researchers at the University of Washington (UW) has developed deep-learning algorithms (算法) that let users pick which sounds pass through their headphones in real time.(现在，由华盛顿大学(UW)的研究人员领导的一个团队开发了深度学习算法(算法)，让用户实时选择耳机中播放的声音)”可知，文章主要介绍了华盛顿大学推出的噪音消除耳机技术，该技术通过机器学习算法解决了传统耳机的不足。用户可个性化选择所需声音，实现实时定制的听觉环境，故选C。 D After a heavy snowstorm, I ran outside excitedly to build a snowman. No matter how I rolled my snowball, it refused to grow. After resting for a while, I restarted the job. Then I noticed I had an audience — a prim (古板的) — looking couple with obvious disapproval. My face turned red as I tried to answer their unspoken question: Don’t you have anything better to do? An adult playing by herself seems strange, but maybe it shouldn’t. New research suggests that modern adults have ignored their play instinct (本能). Most animals stop playing as adults. However, there are a handful of animals that never stop. One possibility is that adult play is important and beneficial, a theory supported by a study. Researcher Camilla Cenni from the University of Lethbridge left some puzzle boxes for some monkeys to solve. To get the food inside, they had to drop a rock into the container. The monkeys that previously had dropped rocks for fun were more likely to solve the puzzle. This finding also suggests somewhere in our evolutionary history, a playful human invented stone tools. Even today, the urge to play accounts for some of humanity’s greatest inventions. Adult play is also about preparing for the unexpected. And biologists found its most important function is improving relationships and helping individuals get along. Adult play promotes inclusivity, cooperation and creativity — all qualities that we humans could use. Unfortunately, social norms hold back our urge to let loose. When studying the last remaining hunter-gatherer communities, Peter Gray, a play researcher at Boston University, noticed they were often described as “joyful”. “This makes evolutionary sense,” Graysays. “Generally speaking, we like to do the things that are necessary for our survival.” Humans took one giant step away from fun when started planting crops. Plowing fields is hard and boring. Then we invented factories and lost sight of play. With threats like climate change, it’s easy to get into seriousness. But we should understand the value of encouraging adult play. The next time I’m caught playing, I know what to say, “I’m playing for the benefit of all humanity. You’re welcome.” 12. Why did the author feel embarrassed? A. She was laughed at while playing as an adult. B. She had a hard job making a snowman. C. She considered herself too old to play. D. She was judged to behave improperly. 13. What can be inferred about adult play from paragraph 3? A. It can contribute to useful discoveries. B. It is particularly noticeable in animals. C. It is the natural need of humans. D. It promotes human evolution. 14. Which of the following got humans to lose the pleasure of playing? A. Climate change. B. The arrival of agriculture. C. Modern science. D. The need to look for food. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Let’s play to save our world B. Play is enjoyed not just by animals C. Why adults need to make time for play D. How adult play changed its role for humans 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文，在现代社会中，人常会对充满玩心的成年人持否定态度。但事实上，“玩”这一活动非常重要，可以帮助人们培养各种素质，从而能够更好地解决问题。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“After a heavy snowstorm, I ran outside excitedly to build a snowman. No matter how I rolled my snowball, it refused to grow. After resting for a while, I restarted the job. Then I noticed I had an audience-a prim (古板的)-looking couple with obvious disapproval. My face turned red as I tried to answer their unspoken question: Don’t you have anything better to do?(一场大雪过后，我兴奋地跑到外面堆雪人。不管我怎么滚我的雪球，它就是不长大。休息了一会儿后，我重新开始工作。然后我注意到有一群观众——一对表情严肃的夫妇，显然不赞成。我的脸变红了，我试图回答他们没有说出来的问题：你没有更好的事情要做吗？)”可知，一对夫妇看到作者一个成年人一个人堆雪人，评价她的行为不妥，这令作者尴尬，故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“This finding also suggests somewhere in our evolutionary history, a playful human invented stone tools. Even today, the urge to play accounts for some of humanity’s greatest inventions.(这一发现也表明，在我们的进化史上，一个爱玩的人类发明了石器。即使在今天，对玩的渴望也是人类一些最伟大发明的原因)”可知，成年人玩耍可以带来有用的发现。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Humans took one giant step away from fun when started planting crops. Plowing fields is hard and boring.(当人类开始种植庄稼的时候，他们就远离了乐趣。耕地又辛苦又无聊)”可知，农业出现后，农耕辛苦又枯燥，让人们失去了玩的快乐。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文首先介绍了现在成年人忽视了自己玩的天性，但实际上成年人玩耍有着多方面的重要作用。在面对如今世界上各种难题时，我们应该鼓励成年人的玩心，因为这可以创造性地解决问题，并有利于人们团结合作，由此可知，本文主要论述成年人需要腾出时间玩耍的原因，C选项“为什么成年人需要腾出时间玩”为最佳标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is necessary. ____16____. Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you. ·Sweating is good for your skin. Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins (毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne. ____17____. ·Sweating makes you happy. When you’re hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. ____18____. In a 2015 study, people who smelled “happy sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror. ·____19____ When sitting in a sauna (桑拿浴室), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to cool itself down by sweating. And you’ll be better off for it. A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac (心脏的) deaths. ·____20____ If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A PLOSONE study supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands, resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts. A. Sweating supports your heart B. Sweating a lot means that you’re fit C. Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises D. Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel happier too E. Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent F. So, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating G. It’s a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章从四个方面解释了为什么出汗有好处。 【16题详解】 前一句“Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is necessary.(出汗可能不是你最喜欢做的事情，但它是必要的)”提到，出汗是必要的，G项“这是一种自然的身体功能，有助于调节体温，防止过热”是对sweating的一个整体性的介绍性文字，其中的“It”指代前一句中“Sweating”，同时也是对前一句中“necessary”的进一步解释，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据本段小标题“Sweating is good for your skin.(出汗对你的皮肤有好处)”和前一句“However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne.(然而，汗液在皮肤上停留太长时间会导致痤疮等皮肤病)”可知，本段讲出汗对皮肤的好处，但是皮肤上停留太长时间会导致痤疮等皮肤病，由此推知，设空处应与清洗有关，F项“所以，出汗后洗脸和洗澡是很有必要的”符合语境，和前一句构成因果关系，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据本段小标题“Sweating makes you happy.(出汗让你快乐)”和空后一句“In a 2015 study, people who smelled “happy sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness.(在2015年的一项研究中，闻到‘快乐汗水’的人表现出与幸福相关的倾向)”可知，本段主要讲出汗让人感到快乐，闻到“快乐汗水”的人也会快乐，D项“汗流浃背的自己也会让你周围的人感到更快乐”符合语境，故选D。 【19题详解】 根据本段中“A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac (心脏的) deaths.(芬兰一项长达20年的研究发现，经常在桑拿浴室出汗的人患心脏性猝死的几率更低)”可知，本段是讲出汗对心脏有好处，A项“出汗对心脏有帮助”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据本段中“If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign.(如果你在运动中大量出汗，这通常是一个积极的迹象)”可知，本段是讲出汗多是一个积极的迹象，B项“出汗多意味着你很健康”符合语境，B项中的“a lot”和段落中“heavily”、“got sweatier”、“more sweat”相关，故选B。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’m proud to say that I finished my dissertation (学位论文) successfully. But as I reflected on the ____21____I received from my advisor for my work ethic (职业道德), I believed it was ____22____ from my dad’s tire shop. When Dad ____23____ a small tire shop during my high school years, I began ____24____ for him despite having no ____25____ with motor vehicles. I was ____26____ to learn and work hard, motivated by my ____27____ to help my dad and make customers think highly of him. The early employees of my dad’s shop were ____28____ with me, teaching me everything they knew about their trade. I stayed late, avoided gossiping, and focused on being respectful and curious. The work was ____29____, physically exhausting, and dirty, but the _____30_____ of honest labor made it all _____31_____. I found meaning in every task that helped the business was, _____32_____, helping my dad. Years later, my dad retired and sent the business to my elder brother, who has skillfully _____33_____ it. Whenever I return and visit the larger tire shop now, I recall the countless wheels I fixed. More importantly, I remember a sense of _____34_____ that comes with honest labor. I’m _____35_____ for the experience, the lessons learned, and the memories that will stay with me forever. 21. A. request B. suggestion C. praise D. warning 22. A. formed B. assessed C. proved D. named 23. A. sold B. purchased C. discovered D. investigated 24. A. longing B. paying C. calling D. working 25. A. problem B. luck C. experience D. truck 26. A. accustomed B. shocked C. supposed D. determined 27. A. curiosity B. desire C. permission D. obligation 28. A. comfortable B. disappointed C. patient D. bored 29. A. tough B. normal C. interesting D. temporary 30. A. challenge B. satisfaction C. cost D. necessity 31. A. difficult B. worthwhile C. suitable D. available 32. A. urgently B. secretly C. immediately D. ultimately 33. A. expanded B. rented C. decorated D. repaired 34. A. achievement B. identity C. belonging D. duty 35. A. anxious B. ready C. responsible D. grateful 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在父亲的轮胎店中培养了自己的职业道德，这种品质让他受益终生。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我回想起导师对我职业道德的赞扬时，我相信它是在我父亲的轮胎店形成的。A. request请求；B. suggestion建议；C. praise表扬；D. warning警告。根据successfully 及“I received from my advisor for my work ethic”可知，作者思考着导师对自己的职业道德的赞扬。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. formed形成；B. assessed评估；C. proved证明；D. named命名。根据下文作者在父亲的轮胎店的工作经历可知，作者认为自己的职业道德是在父亲的轮胎店里形成的。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我上高中的时候，爸爸买了一家小轮胎店，我开始为他工作，尽管我对汽车没有任何经验。A. sold卖；B. purchased购买；C. discovered发现；D. investigated调查。根据下文“The early employees of my dad’s shop”及“my dad retired and sent the business to my elder brother” 可知，父亲买下了这个小轮胎店。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. longing渴望；B. paying付款；C. calling打电话；D. working工作。根据下文“work hard”及“help my dad”可知，作者开始在父亲的轮胎店工作。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. problem问题；B. luck幸运；C. experience经验；D. truck卡车。根据下文“learn”及“teaching me everything they knew about their trade”可知，作者对与汽车相关的事物一窍不通，没有经验。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我决心学习和努力工作，我的动力是想帮助爸爸，让客户对他有很高的评价。A. accustomed习惯的；B. shocked震惊的；C. supposed应当的；D. determined坚定的，有决心的。根据“learn and work hard”及“motivated by my ____ to help my dad and make customers think highly of him”可知，尽管作者对与汽车相关的事物方面没有任何经验，但是他下定决心学习并努力工作。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. curiosity好奇心；B. desire渴望，愿望；C. permission允许；D. obligation责任。根据“help my dad and make customers think highly of him”可知，作者的愿望是想帮助父亲。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父亲店里的早期员工对我很有耐心，把他们所知道的一切都教给我。A. comfortable舒适的；B. disappointed失望的；C. patient耐心的；D. bored枯燥的。根据下文“teaching me everything they knew about their trade”可知，作者父亲店里早期的员工对作者很耐心，愿意把他们知道的一切都教给作者。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项工作很辛苦。体力上很累，也很脏，但诚实劳动的满足感使这一切都值得。A. tough艰苦的；B. normal正常的；C. interesting有趣的；D. temporary短暂的。根据上文作者认真学习、努力工作及下文“physically exhausting, and dirty”可知，这项工作很辛苦。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. challenge挑战；B. satisfaction满意；C. cost成本；D. necessity必需品。根据“I found meaning in every task that helped the business was, ____ , helping my dad.”可知，真诚劳动的满足感使这一切都是值得的。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. difficult困难的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. suitable合适的；D. available可获得的。根据下文“helping my dad”可知，能帮助父亲，作者感觉这项工作是值得的。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我发现，每一项对公司有帮助的任务，最终都是对我父亲的帮助。A. urgently紧急地；B. secretly秘密地；C. immediately立即；D. ultimately最终。根据“help my dad and make customers think highly of him”可知，作者做的任何有助于业务的事情最终都是对父亲有帮助的。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我父亲退休了，把生意交给了我的哥哥,他已经熟练地扩大了它。A. expanded扩大；B. rented租借；C. decorated装饰；D. repaired修理。根据前文“a small tire shop”及下文“the larger tire shop now”可知，作者的哥哥在父亲退休后接手了轮胎店，并扩大了规模。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，我记得诚实劳动带来的成就感。A. achievement成就；B. identity身份；C. belonging归属感；D. duty责任。根据“I found meaning in every task”可知，作者仍记得真诚劳动带来的成就感。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感激这段经历，学到的教训，以及将永远伴随我的记忆。A. anxious焦虑的；B. ready准备好的；C. responsible负责任的；D. grateful感激的。根据文章首段及“the experience, the lessons learned, and the memories”可知，作者感激这段经历、从中学到的道理及回忆。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Natural indigo-dye (靛蓝印染) has a long history in China. ___36___ (date) back to the Qin and Han Dynasties (BC 221-220), indigo-dyed cloth had been used ___37___ a main material for clothes for at least 1,000 years. Natural indigo ___38___ (take) from four kinds of plants. In Chinese, any plant that can be used to extract (提取) indigo is ___39___ (general) named as “Lan Cao”. The cloth dyed by these plants always ___40___ (keep) a faint fragrant smell and is naturally moth proof (防虫的). Natural indigo-dyed cloth has two pattern categories: one is a white design ___41___ (print) on a blue background; ___42___ other has blue patterns on white. Patterns on both sides of the cloth developed in recent years. The themes are centered on plants, animals and characters in stories ___43___ bear Chinese people’s good wishes for their lives. Nantong in Jiangsu province has been the major ___44___ (supply) of indigo-dyed cloth since the Qing and Ming dynasties. In May 2006, the blue dye technique was approved as a national ____45____ (culture) heritage by the State Council. In Nantong, the entire process is finished by hand. 【答案】36. Dating 37. as 38. is taken 39. generally 40. keeps 41. printed 42. the 43. that##which 44. supplier 45. cultural 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国靛蓝印染的历史以及江苏南通的靛蓝印布。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：追溯到秦汉时期（公元前221-220年），靛蓝印染布被用来作为主要的服装材料至少有1000年的历史。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“had been used”，空格处应用非谓语动词，“date back to…”意为“追溯到……”，“indigo-dyed cloth”和“date”为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用“date”的现在分词“dating”作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Dating。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：追溯到秦汉时期（公元前221-220年），靛蓝印染布被用来作为主要的服装材料至少有1000年的历史。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“be used as…”，意为“被用来作为……”，空格处应用介词“as”。故填as。 【38题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：天然靛蓝取自四种植物。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“indigo”和“take”为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，“indigo”为不可数名词，和“is”连用，“take”的过去分词为“taken”，空格处应填“is taken”。故填is taken。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：在中文中，任何可用于提取靛蓝的植物通常被命名为“蓝草”。分析句子可知，“is named”为谓语动词，空格处应用副词，作状语，“general”为形容词，对应的副词为“generally”，意为“通常”。故填generally。 【40题详解】 考查时态。句意：被这些植物染色的布料总是保持着淡淡的香味，而且天然防虫。根据句意和句中“always”可知，句子应用一般现在时，空格处应用谓语动词，“cloth”为不可数名词，空格处应用“keep”的三单形式“keeps”。故填keeps。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：天然靛蓝染色布有两种图案类别：一种是蓝色背景上印刷的白色图案；另一种是在白色背景上有蓝色图案。分析句子可知，句中有系动词“is”，空格处应用非谓语动词，“design”和“print”为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用“print”的过去分词“printed”作后置状语。故填printed。 【42题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：天然靛蓝染色布有两种图案类别：一种是蓝色背景上印刷的白色图案；另一种是在白色背景上有蓝色图案。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“one…, the other…”，意为“（两者间）一个……，另一个……”，空格处应用定冠词“the”。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：主题以植物、动物和故事中的人物为中心，承载着中国人对生活的美好祝愿。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“stories”，指事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词“that”或“which”引导从句。故填that或which。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：自清朝和明朝以来，江苏南通一直是靛蓝染色布的主要供应商。分析句子可知，“major”为形容词，空格处应用名词，作表语，“supply”作名词时意为“供给”，不符合语境，应用“supplier”，意为“供应商”，根据句中“Nantong”可知，应用“supplier”的单数形式。故填supplier。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：2006年5月，蓝色染料技术被国务院批准为国家文化遗产。分析句子可知，“heritage”为名词，空格处应用形容词，作定语，“culture”为名词，对应的形容词为“cultural”，意为“文化的”。故填cultural。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，目前在英国交流，得知中国传统艺术交流团将于周六在艺术中心 art center 演出，请给好友Mark写一封信内容包括：①发出邀请；②介绍交流团及演出的相关信息 ；③期待同去。 注意：1.字数120左右；2.可适当增减细节，以便行文连贯。 Dear Mark, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mark, Knowing that the traditional Chinese art exchange group from Beijing will give performances this Saturday, I am writing to invite you to come along with me. As a country with time-honored history, China enjoys a reputation for a variety of art forms, ranging from Beijing Opera to calligraphy. The art exchange group, coming all the way from Beijing, consists of thirty artists, who are professionals in the field of traditional art. On the very day, not only will you appreciate the wonderful programs mentioned above, but also you can have an opportunity to experience martial art in person, all of which have been playing a vital role in the development of Chinese culture. I am convinced that as well as broaden your horizons, the audio-visual feast can stimulate your deeper interest in traditional Chinese culture. It would be such a pleasure if you could join me. Looking forward to your reply! Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Mark写一封信，邀请他去中国传统艺术交流团将于周六在艺术中心的演出。 【详解】1.词汇积累 由……组成：consist of→be made up of 机会：opportunity→chance 欣赏：appreciate→admire 拓宽：broaden→widen 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As a country with time-honored history China enjoys a reputation for a variety of art forms, ranging from Beijing Opera to calligraphy. 拓展句：As a country with time-honored history, China enjoys a reputation for a variety of art forms, which range from Beijing Opera to calligraphy. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The art exchange group, coming all the way from Beijing, consists of thirty artists, who are professionals in the field of traditional art.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】On the very day, not only will you appreciate the wonderful programs mentioned above, but also you can have an opportunity to experience martial art in person, all of which have been playing a vital role in the development of Chinese culture.（运用了“all of which”引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型3】I am convinced that as well as broaden your horizons, the audio-visual feast can stimulate your deeper interest in traditional Chinese culture.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every Saturday, Arizona hung out at her grandma’s laundry and dry-cleaning store while her mom worked. Arizona loved being with her grandma, but she wanted to do more than just draw and read. “How about I write down what people bring in and pin a number to it?” Arizona offered. With Grandma nearby, she did fine. But the next order was an enormous bedspread (床单). Arizona checked it in, but when she went to lift it off the counter, it wouldn’t move a bit. She tried sliding it, but it fell over on her. “I’m OK!” She giggled from under the soft mounds of material. Grandma lifted the bedspread off her and smiled. “Why don’t you draw for a little while,” she suggested. “You’re such a good artist.” Arizona sighed. “But I wanted to help you.” Arizona was too short to reach the tall rod (竿) that held the fresh clothes in neat alphabetical order. Grandma didn’t want her handling the iron. She could slide cardboard into the ironed shirts, but that was about it. “Why don’t you draw a picture of more customers coming in?” Grandma joked. “Maybe that would help!” Arizona went outside. It was a crisp fall day. The last leaves were starting their lazy drift to the ground. She spotted her babysitter, Stephanie, across the street. Stephanie was painting big letters on the window of the hardware store. “Stephanie!” Arizona called. “You’re going to get in trouble.” Stephanic laughed. “The high-school cheer leading team is painting windows for our home coming football game next weekend. Some of the shop owners said we could.” “Does that paint wash off?” Arizona asked. “Yep. It’s just cornstarch, soap, and food coloring,” said Stephanie. Arizona saw other kids from the high school painting designs on windows up and down the street.“GO, TIGERS!” said the window of the nail salon in huge letters. “HEAR US ROAR!” said the window of the smoothie shop. “I can help you!” Arizona called to Stephanie, her heart pounding. “I can draw!” “Sorry,” Stephanie said. “I’m out of paint, and I have to get home. Thank you, though!” Arizona was so disappointed she could taste it. She stared at Grandma’s windows. They have nothing on. 注意：1.续写字数应为150个左右 ； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly an idea burst into Arizona’s head. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When she finished, Arizona went inside to get Grandma. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 ： Suddenly an idea burst into Arizona’s head. “I could decorate grandma’s window! But Would Grandma agree?” she thought to herself. After asking permission and borrowing a few dollars, Arizona gathered a small box of cornstarch and food coloring, along with dish soap from the shopping researched instructions on homemade window paint, Arizona set out to work. She mixed different batches of dish soap and cornstarch, stirring them until the batches were smooth and thick like paint. Then came the food coloring. With everything in place, Arizona felt a wave of excitement surging through her. “Now comes the key part”, saying to herself, she wrote her message, outlining the words with one of her washable black markers. Though she found it challenging to reach high, she managed the letters big and easy to read. Using her biggest brush, she filled in the letters with vivid and eye-catching colors. Being such a talented artist, she even had time to paint a picture which went with the slogan. When she finished. Arizona went inside to get Grandma. As they came out of the store, a bunch of kids gathered in front of the window. Words of praise floated in the air. “Such a great job!” said one girl. “Incredible,” said another. Arizona’s grandmother took a closer look at the window to see what happened. “AFTER THE GAME, BRING YOUR UNIFORMS HERE!” the window said. It was the picture that caught people’s eye. One after another, a load of the team’s uniforms are jumping into a big tub of suds y water. Hands clapping, grandma grinned from ear to ear while hugging Arizona. “This just might help,” she said. And after the game, it sure did. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个渴望帮忙的小女孩Arizona在被奶奶婉拒参与洗衣店工作后，发现保姆Stephanie和高中啦啦队成员在为即将到来的橄榄球主场赛装饰商店窗户。尽管Arizona提出想用自己的绘画才能帮忙，但因Stephanie用完了颜料且需要回家而未能如愿。最后，Arizona望着奶奶店里光秃秃的窗户，心中充满了失望。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，Arizona脑子里冒出一个念头。”可知，第一段可描写Arizona购置材料自制彩绘，细心装点商店窗棂，以斑斓字体和生动图画传递温馨信息。 ②由第二段首句内容“当她完成后，Arizona进去叫奶奶。”可知，第二段可描写Arizona巧绘窗画号召队友赛后送队服，此举动受到了奶奶的认可。 2.续写线索：买材料——制作——绘制——吸引注意力——起到作用——奶奶认可 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①集合：gather/assemble ②发生：happen/occur ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①兴奋：excitement/thrill ②笑：grin/laugh 【点睛】[高分句型1] She mixed different batches of dish soap and cornstarch, stirring them until the batches were smooth and thick like paint.（由连词until引导的时间状语从句） [高分句型2] It was the picture that caught people’s eye.（强调句型） [高分句型3] Hands clapping, grandma grinned from ear to ear while hugging Arizona.（独立主格结构和while引导的时间状语从句的省略） 听力答案：1~5 BCCCA 6~10BCBCC 11~15CBCCA 16~20BCAAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024年（21级）吉林一中适应性训练 （英语）试卷 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型 A后的方框涂黑。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the school term begin? A. September 12. B. September 20. C. September 22. 2. Which of the following is true? A. Tom’s parents have left Los Angeles. B. The woman speaker called on Tom’s parents last night. C. Tom’s parents have gone to Los Angeles. 3. How long does it take the man to go to work on foot? A. Three minutes. B. An hour. C.45 minutes. 4. Who hasn’t been to the zoo for a long time? A. The man. B. The woman. C. Both. 5. How doesn’t the man feel like going out? A. He feels tired. B. He will study all night. C. He doesn’t like the film. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至9题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. Maybe at the woman’s house. B. Maybe at the information desk. C. Maybe in the street. 7. What can we learn from the conversation? A. The bill is not clear enough. B. The bill is sent to a wrong address. C. Incorrect bills are sent to the woman. 8. Why does the same kind of mistakes occur? A. The man is not careful enough. B. The new computer is not working properly. C. The clerks do not know how to use the computer. 9. What does the man agree to do? A. Get a better computer. B. Pay the woman extra money. C. Send correct bills to the woman later. 听第7段材料，回答第10至11题。 10. Who caught the biggest fish? A. Ben. B. Ben’s mother. C. Kathy. 11. Why doesn’t Ben want fish for dinner? A. He is not hungry. B. His mother doesn’t want him to eat fish. C. He ate too much fish on his holiday. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12. Where might the conversation take place? A. In the street. B. At home. C. In the cinema. 13. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Mother and son. C. Husband and wife. 14 What’s the woman going to do? A. Go out for a walk. B. Go to the cinema. C. Go to her parents’ home. 听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。 15. What’s wrong with the man? A. He is very tired and sleepy. B. He is worried about his English test. C. He is ill because of hard work. 16. What did the man do last night? A. He studied in the library. B. He went to his friend’s party. C. He attended an English test. 17. What does the woman think the man should do? A. He should stay at home instead of going out. B. He should go on with his study after the party. C. He should sleep longer instead of getting up early. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which of the following is not mentioned as an important invention in the human history? A. Clock. B. Paper. C. Radio. 19. Why don’t we know the names of many inventors? A They were forgotten. B. Their inventions are not important at all. C. There were no pens or pencils in the past. 20. What can we learn about pens and pencils? A They were invented by man. B. Thousands of years ago people didn’t know the inventors. C. They were not called pens and pencils thousands of years ago. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A If you’re a keen photographer with a passion for making an impact, we’d love to have you join this nonprofit photography workshop in Africa! You don’t need to be a pro to join: you just need to have a good camera, basic photography skills, and an interest in giving back through photography. ·Program schedule One-week workshop The program will be kicked off with a workshop taught by humanitarian photographer Anna Lusty. The first week will be focused on all elements of nonprofit photography, including how to prepare for shoots, how to approach projects in a culturally sensitive way, and how to best capture (捕捉) the essence of projects, etc. Half days will be spent on theory, and during the other half, we’ll visit a nonprofit organization so that we can put skills into practice. ·Photography assignments From the second week, you’ll start your photography assignments. Each week, you’ll be assigned to a grassroots organization of your choice. This can have a wide range of focus areas, such as education, animal welfare, sports coaching and more. You’ll spend your time getting to understand the organization’s mission and projects, and you’ll document their work with your camera. At the end of the week, there will be time for post production, and you can donate a selection of your images to the organization. ·Logistics and support Accommodation, transport and support are all provided during this photography volunteer project. We’ll pick you up from the airport, provide all necessary transport and support on the ground and supply daily meals. ·Start dates and fees Our start dates for 2024 are as follows: Cape Town: Feb 19/May 14 /July 17 /Oct 16 Livingstone: July 31 Program fees for 2024: 2 weeks 3 weeks 4 weeks Cape Town $2,150 $2,700 $3,250 Livingstone $2,750 $3,200 $3,650 We’d love to receive your application! 1. What is required to apply for the program? A. Professional photography skills. B. Related volunteer experience. C. Proper photographic equipment. D. Interest in African culture. 2. What do we know about the schedule of the program? A. Each volunteer is assigned a professional photographer. B. The program combines theoretical learning and practical sessions. C. Volunteers can team up freely to finish a project together. D. Participants raise money for the organization. 3. How much should you pay if you start the program on July 31 and stay for 3 weeks? A. $2,150. B. $2,700. C. $3,200. D. $3,650. B I grew up on a dairy farm. The particular life location to which I got assigned—“stuck” is a better word if you’ve ever been there — was a small family-owned-and-operated outfit. I remember the Christmas when our main hired hand dropped out of the work rotation. Sixteen and the oldest of the kids left at home, I was called on to fill in. Halfway through the first day, I realized I had never noticed exactly how much that worker did. For five days I either milked or slept, fed calves (牛犊) or slept. I have to admit this gave me a deep appreciation of how hard my parents worked day in and day out for 30 years, and that understanding solidified my determination to do whatever it took to not stay on that dairy farm my whole life. Eventually, my determination paid off. I got into college. Now, I no longer have to worry about my father’s voice yelling, “Stace, come out here! We need help!” To be honest, I’m grateful. But at the same time, I also don’t have a compelling reason to be up in time to see the beauty of a sunrise. Nor do I have the opportunity to dance with my sister in the dairy barn, work side-by-side with my dad and hear the old stories. Now, there are whole stretches of days when I don’t feel any pressing need to even go outside. And I can go months without petting an animal or watching in amazement at their keen sense of the environment around them. Instead, I have neighbors within shouting distance but who feel like they live a planet away. Eighteen years I lived my life on that dairy not really knowing there were people who didn’t get up and go out and work together to get the same overwhelming tasks done day after day. Sometimes I wish I had never found out there were. 4. What did the author come to understand on her first day working on the farm? A. She couldn’t manage so much work. B. Her parents sacrificed a lot for her family. C. The tasks were dull and challenging. D. The work was more demanding than expected. 5. What motivated the author to pursue further education? A. Lack of opportunities on the farm. B. A passion for academic study. C. Her dissatisfaction with farm life. D. Encouragement from her parents. 6. How does the author feel about her life now? A. Mixed. B. Regretful. C. Content. D. Relieved. 7. What can we infer about the author from the last paragraph? A. She has become tired of her daily routine. B. She misses the connections she had before. C. She regrets leaving her family behind. D. She has lost interest in the beauty of nature. C Anyone who’s used noise-canceling headphones knows that hearing the right noise at the right time can be vital. Someone might want to remove sirens (汽笛) when working indoors, but not when walking along busy streets. Yet people can’t choose what sounds their headphones cancel. Now, a team led by researchers at the University of Washington (UW) has developed deep-learning algorithms (算法) that let users pick which sounds pass through their headphones in real time. The system, called “semantic hearing”, works with headphones that stream the captured sounds to a connected smartphone which cancels all environmental sounds. Either through voice commands or a smartphone app, headphone wearers can select which sounds they want to include from 20 classes, such as sirens, baby cries, speech and bird chirps. Only the selected sounds will be played through the headphones. “The challenge posed to today’s noise-canceling headphones is that the sounds headphone wearers hear need to sync (同步) with their visual senses. You can’t hear someone’s voice two seconds after they talk to you,” said senior author Shyam Gollakota, a UW professor. “This means the algorithms must process sounds in under a hundredth of a second.” That need for speed is why the system must process sounds on a device such as a connected smartphone, instead of on cloud servers. Additionally, because sounds from different directions arrive in people’s ears at different times, the system must preserve these delays and other clues so people can still meaningfully perceive sounds in their environment. Tested in environments such as offices, streets and parks, the system was able to capture sirens, bird chirps, alarms and other target sounds, while removing all other real-world noise. When 22 participants rated the system’s voice output for the target sound, they said that the quality improved compared to the original recording. In some cases, the system struggled to distinguish between sounds that share many properties, such as vocal music and human speech. The researchers note that training the models on more real-world data can improve these outcomes. In the near future, the researchers plan to release a commercial version of the system. 8. What’s the innovative feature of the UW’s new hearing system? A. It can capture noise more precisely. B. It is connected with efficient cloud servers. C. It can customize sounds for users’ preferences. D. It lets wearers perceive the surroundings better. 9. What is the disadvantage of today’s noise-cancelıng headphones? A. They can’t feel the directions of sounds. B. They can’t recognize the target sounds. C. They lack relevant technical support. D. They lack real-time intelligence. 10. What do the researchers expect of the new hearing system? A. It’ll come onto the market soon. B. It’ll improve the sound quality. C It’ll capture sounds from nature. D. It’ll be tested in noisier environments. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. An effective way to avoid noise around us. B. The development of deep-learning algorithms C. A new noise-canceling headphone technology. D. The application of noise-canceling headphones. D After a heavy snowstorm, I ran outside excitedly to build a snowman. No matter how I rolled my snowball, it refused to grow. After resting for a while, I restarted the job. Then I noticed I had an audience — a prim (古板的) — looking couple with obvious disapproval. My face turned red as I tried to answer their unspoken question: Don’t you have anything better to do? An adult playing by herself seems strange, but maybe it shouldn’t. New research suggests that modern adults have ignored their play instinct (本能). Most animals stop playing as adults. However, there are a handful of animals that never stop. One possibility is that adult play is important and beneficial, a theory supported by a study. Researcher Camilla Cenni from the University of Lethbridge left some puzzle boxes for some monkeys to solve. To get the food inside, they had to drop a rock into the container. The monkeys that previously had dropped rocks for fun were more likely to solve the puzzle. This finding also suggests somewhere in our evolutionary history, a playful human invented stone tools. Even today, the urge to play accounts for some of humanity’s greatest inventions. Adult play is also about preparing for the unexpected. And biologists found its most important function is improving relationships and helping individuals get along. Adult play promotes inclusivity, cooperation and creativity — all qualities that we humans could use. Unfortunately, social norms hold back our urge to let loose. When studying the last remaining hunter-gatherer communities, Peter Gray, a play researcher at Boston University, noticed they were often described as “joyful”. “This makes evolutionary sense,” Graysays. “Generally speaking, we like to do the things that are necessary for our survival.” Humans took one giant step away from fun when started planting crops. Plowing fields is hard and boring. Then we invented factories and lost sight of play. With threats like climate change, it’s easy to get into seriousness. But we should understand the value of encouraging adult play. The next time I’m caught playing, I know what to say, “I’m playing for the benefit of all humanity. You’re welcome.” 12. Why did the author feel embarrassed? A. She was laughed at while playing as an adult. B. She had a hard job making a snowman. C. She considered herself too old to play. D. She was judged to behave improperly. 13. What can be inferred about adult play from paragraph 3? A. It can contribute to useful discoveries. B. It is particularly noticeable in animals. C. It is the natural need of humans. D. It promotes human evolution. 14. Which of the following got humans to lose the pleasure of playing? A. Climate change. B. The arrival of agriculture. C. Modern science. D. The need to look for food. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Let’s play to save our world B. Play is enjoyed not just by animals C. Why adults need to make time for play D. How adult play changed its role for humans 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is necessary. ____16____. Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you. ·Sweating is good for your skin. Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins (毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne. ____17____. ·Sweating makes you happy. When you’re hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. ____18____. In a 2015 study, people who smelled “happy sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror. ·____19____ When sitting in a sauna (桑拿浴室), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to cool itself down by sweating. And you’ll be better off for it. A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac (心脏的) deaths. ·____20____ If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A PLOSONE study supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands, resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts. A. Sweating supports your heart B. Sweating a lot means that you’re fit C. Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises D. Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel happier too E. Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent F. So, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating G. It’s a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出填入空白处的最佳选项。 I’m proud to say that I finished my dissertation (学位论文) successfully. But as I reflected on the ____21____I received from my advisor for my work ethic (职业道德), I believed it was ____22____ from my dad’s tire shop. When Dad ____23____ a small tire shop during my high school years, I began ____24____ for him despite having no ____25____ with motor vehicles. I was ____26____ to learn and work hard, motivated by my ____27____ to help my dad and make customers think highly of him. The early employees of my dad’s shop were ____28____ with me, teaching me everything they knew about their trade. I stayed late, avoided gossiping, and focused on being respectful and curious. The work was ____29____, physically exhausting, and dirty, but the _____30_____ of honest labor made it all _____31_____. I found meaning in every task that helped the business was, _____32_____, helping my dad. Years later, my dad retired and sent the business to my elder brother, who has skillfully _____33_____ it. Whenever I return and visit the larger tire shop now, I recall the countless wheels I fixed. More importantly, I remember a sense of _____34_____ that comes with honest labor. I’m _____35_____ for the experience, the lessons learned, and the memories that will stay with me forever. 21. A. request B. suggestion C. praise D. warning 22. A. formed B. assessed C. proved D. named 23. A. sold B. purchased C. discovered D. investigated 24. A. longing B. paying C. calling D. working 25. A. problem B. luck C. experience D. truck 26. A. accustomed B. shocked C. supposed D. determined 27. A. curiosity B. desire C. permission D. obligation 28. A. comfortable B. disappointed C. patient D. bored 29. A. tough B. normal C. interesting D. temporary 30. A. challenge B. satisfaction C. cost D. necessity 31. A. difficult B. worthwhile C. suitable D. available 32. A. urgently B. secretly C. immediately D. ultimately 33. A. expanded B. rented C. decorated D. repaired 34. A. achievement B. identity C. belonging D. duty 35. A. anxious B. ready C. responsible D. grateful 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Natural indigo-dye (靛蓝印染) has a long history in China. ___36___ (date) back to the Qin and Han Dynasties (BC 221-220), indigo-dyed cloth had been used ___37___ a main material for clothes for at least 1,000 years. Natural indigo ___38___ (take) from four kinds of plants. In Chinese, any plant that can be used to extract (提取) indigo is ___39___ (general) named as “Lan Cao”. The cloth dyed by these plants always ___40___ (keep) a faint fragrant smell and is naturally moth proof (防虫的). Natural indigo-dyed cloth has two pattern categories: one is a white design ___41___ (print) on a blue background; ___42___ other has blue patterns on white. Patterns on both sides of the cloth developed in recent years. The themes are centered on plants, animals and characters in stories ___43___ bear Chinese people’s good wishes for their lives. Nantong in Jiangsu province has been the major ___44___ (supply) of indigo-dyed cloth since the Qing and Ming dynasties. In May 2006, the blue dye technique was approved as a national ____45____ (culture) heritage by the State Council. In Nantong, the entire process is finished by hand. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，目前在英国交流，得知中国传统艺术交流团将于周六在艺术中心 art center 演出，请给好友Mark写一封信内容包括：①发出邀请；②介绍交流团及演出的相关信息 ；③期待同去。 注意：1.字数120左右；2.可适当增减细节，以便行文连贯。 Dear Mark, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Every Saturday, Arizona hung out at her grandma’s laundry and dry-cleaning store while her mom worked. Arizona loved being with her grandma, but she wanted to do more than just draw and read. “How about I write down what people bring in and pin a number to it?” Arizona offered. With Grandma nearby, she did fine. But the next order was an enormous bedspread (床单). Arizona checked it in, but when she went to lift it off the counter, it wouldn’t move a bit. She tried sliding it, but it fell over on her. “I’m OK!” She giggled from under the soft mounds of material. Grandma lifted the bedspread off her and smiled. “Why don’t you draw for a little while,” she suggested. “You’re such a good artist.” Arizona sighed. “But I wanted to help you.” Arizona was too short to reach the tall rod (竿) that held the fresh clothes in neat alphabetical order. Grandma didn’t want her handling the iron. She could slide cardboard into the ironed shirts, but that was about it. “Why don’t you draw a picture of more customers coming in?” Grandma joked. “Maybe that would help!” Arizona went outside. It was a crisp fall day. The last leaves were starting their lazy drift to the ground. She spotted her babysitter, Stephanie, across the street. Stephanie was painting big letters on the window of the hardware store. “Stephanie!” Arizona called. “You’re going to get in trouble.” Stephanic laughed. “The high-school cheer leading team is painting windows for our home coming football game next weekend. Some of the shop owners said we could.” “Does that paint wash off?” Arizona asked. “Yep. It’s just cornstarch, soap, and food coloring,” said Stephanie. Arizona saw other kids from the high school painting designs on windows up and down the street.“GO, TIGERS!” said the window of the nail salon in huge letters. “HEAR US ROAR!” said the window of the smoothie shop. “I can help you!” Arizona called to Stephanie, her heart pounding. “I can draw!” “Sorry,” Stephanie said. “I’m out of paint, and I have to get home. Thank you, though!” Arizona was so disappointed she could taste it. She stared at Grandma’s windows. They have nothing on. 注意：1.续写字数应为150个左右 ； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly an idea burst into Arizona’s head. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When she finished, Arizona went inside to get Grandma. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案：1~5 BCCCA 6~10BCBCC 11~15CBCCA 16~20BCAAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $