精品解析：北京市第九中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中英语试题

2024北京九中高一（下）期中 英语 （考试时间120分钟 满分100分） 第一部分：第一节 听力理解（1*20=20分）1-20题 第一节 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳进项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What does Ron wear? A. Long shorts and a T-shirt. B. Light-colored hair. C. A pair of glasses. 2. How much does it cost to park the car now? A. Two pounds. B. Four pounds. C. Six pounds. 3. What is the woman going to make? A. A pizza. B. A soup. C. A pie. 4. Where will the girl go tonight? A. To a music hall. B. To a stadium. C. To a hospital. 5. Why will the man leave early? A. He is not feeling well. B. He has to attend a meeting. C. He has a doctor's appointment. 第二节 听下面 4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. Where does the woman plan to go? A. To a park. B. To a station. C. To a supermarket. 7. What are the speakers going to do next? A. Refuel the car. B. Take a walk. C. Go shopping. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. Why is Frank upset? A. He dislikes his new maths teacher. B. He has difficulty with his homework. C. He was considered to have cheated in an exam. 9. What does the girl think of Frank? A. Lazy. B. Hard-working. C. Badly behaved. 听第8段材料，回答第10 至12 题。 10. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Marketing skills. B. A personnel change. C. A goodbye party. 11. How do the speakers feel about Mr. Jordan's quit? A. Happy. B. Angry. C. Sad. 12. Who is the woman going to talk to next? A. The personnel manager. B. The marketing manager. C. The company president. 听第9段材料，回答第13至15 题。 13. What is the speaker? A. The world champion of rock climbing. B. The owner of Climbing Gym Subway. C. The instructor of rock climbing. 14. What kind of student package do the rock climbing lessons provide? A. Monthly. B. Weekly. C. Daily. 15. What does the Gym offer for free to more experienced climbers? A. Rock climbing lessons. B. Hotel accommodation. C. Weekend trips. 第三节 听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20小题，每空只需填写一个词。听独白前，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你有90秒钟作答。本段独白你将听两遍。 A Firefighter Training Course Organiser The Association of Firefighters Aim To teach 16. ________ how to become firefighters Place At the Firefighting Centre Time From June 17th to17. ______ 22nd Requirement Students aged between18. _________and 18 19. _______and in good physical shape Benefit Become more 20. ________ Signing up Get in touch with John Smith on 099898765 第二节 词汇 （0.5*20=10分）21-40题 1. 请选出与单词 “otherwise” 匹配的释义。 A. 否则 B. 所以 C. 但是 D. 而且 2. 请选出与单词 “complex” 匹配的释义。 A. 完全的 B. 竞争的 C. 复杂的 D. 古典的 3. 请选出与单词 “permission” 匹配的释义。 A. 表演，演出 B. 允许，许可 C. 实施；执行 D. 请求，要求 4. 请选出与单词 “establish” 匹配的释义。 A. 表彰，赞扬 B. 估计，判断 C. 出版，发行 D. 建立，设立 5. 请选出与单词“exhibition”匹配的释义。 A. 出口 B. 雄心 C. 情感 D. 展览 6. 请选出与单词 “commitment” 匹配的释义。 A. 社区 B. 约会 C. 住处 D. 投入 7. 请选出与单词 “passion” 匹配的释义。 A. 图案 B. 抗议 C. 激情 D. 准备 8. 请选出与单词 “engage” 匹配的释义。 A. 参加 B. 确认 C. 鼓励 D. 启发 9. 请选出与单词“visual”匹配的释义。 A. 惊人的 B. 视觉的 C. 精神上的 D. 富于感情的 10. 请选出与单词 “atmosphere” 匹配的释义。 A. 领域 B. 舞台 C. 表演 D. 气氛 11. 请选出与释义“忧郁，沮丧”匹配的单词。 A. emotion B. ambition C. depression D. contribution 12. 请选出与释义“独立”匹配的单词。 A. independence B. inconvenience C. influence D. intelligence 13. 请选出与释义“过程，进程”匹配的单词。 A. prove B. progress C. process D. protest 14. 请选出与释义“个人，个体”匹配的单词。 A. involve B. individual C. intense D. interrupt 15. 请选出与释义“主管，负责”匹配的单词。 A. component B. charge C. composer D. carriage 16. 请选出与释义“实施；执行”匹配的单词。 A. master B. integrate C. undertake D. conduct 17. 请选出与释义“改革；改进”匹配的单词。 A. reform B. recommend C. advance D. attempt 18. 请选出与释义“感激，欣赏”匹配的单词。 A. advance B. appreciate C. remark D. reward 19. 请选出与释义“忠诚地”匹配的单词。 A. faithfully B. currently C. extensively D. mentally 20. 请选出与释义“名誉、名望”匹配的单词。 A. generation B. recognition C. reputation D. discrimination 第三节 语法填空（1*10=10分）41-50题 A 语法填空 The Empire of Light is a series of paintings by Belgian artist René Magritte. Between 1953 and 1954, he painted the same scene 27 times. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, ___21___(surround) by the darkness of night. ___22___ is strange is that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds. It seems like quite a ____23____(mystery) scene. B 语法填空 Why is the Forbidden City called “purple forbidden city”? If you have visited it, you may find that the palace ____24____ (paint) mainly in two colors, yellow and red. Red, the color of fire, shows happiness and success, while yellow, the color of the sun, was only used by the emperors (皇帝), _____25_____ were regarded as the Sons of Heaven. Ancient Chinese astronomers believed that Polaris (北极星), “Ziwei (紫薇) star”, was in the center of heaven and the heavenly emperor lived in the Ziwei Palace. So the palace for the emperor on Earth should be like the one in heaven. That is ____26____ the word “purple” is in the name. C 语法填空 Rules help us live together in a community. At my local park, there is a sign that reads, “Keep off the grass.” Because our community has a need for a nice green space ____27____ (relax), we are expected to keep our park clean and in good condition for everyone’s enjoyment. If one person breaks the rules, more people will follow him and do ___28___ they want. In a community, rules are in place to protect everyone. What we do and ___29___ we act affect everyone, not just ourselves. We need rules in order to live ___30___ (safe). 第四节 完型填空（1*10=10分）51-60题 Zhang Guimei is the principal of Huaping High School for Girls based in Lijiang city, Southwest China's Yunnan province. She has been granted the title “Role Model of the Times” in recognition of her devotion to the ___31___ for girls from poor families. The school, which was founded by Zhang in 2008, was the first high school in the country to provide ___32___ education to girls who would otherwise have been unable to continue their studies after completing their nine years of compulsory education. Anybody who knows Zhang's own conditions will be more deeply ___33___ by her situation. She has no personal property and has been living in the student dormitory but she has never charged students for tuition fees since its founding. She has spent most of her salary and the bonuses she received on her students. And, despite having serious ___34___ problems, she never stayed in hospital. For 12 years she has always taken morning classes together with the students. She has also covered 110,000 kilometers ___35___ her students’ families over the years. Besides her work with the school, she also has a part-time job as head of the local orphanage, ___36___ more than 130 orphans(孤儿). Thanks to her efforts, about 40 percent of the school’s graduates are enrolled in key universities. More than 1,800 girls from poor families have ___37___ universities via her education. Zhang deserves her honorary ___38___ “Role Model of the Times”. By helping the girls get higher education, she has actually helped them change their destinies and their later generations in the future will enjoy more opportunities as a result. In a broader sense, Zhang has been helping to ___39___ the region as a whole. Influenced by her, many of her students have chosen to teach in poor areas, while some even went back to teach in her high school. Her ____40____ have thus benefited the local region in a sustainable way. What she has done will be long remembered and encourage more to follow her example. 31. A. education B. research C. treatment D. balance 32. A. adult B. informal C. private D. free 33. A. satisfied B. moved C. depressed D. disappointed 34. A. salary B. attitude C. health D. property 35. A. organizing B. visiting C. protecting D. inviting 36 A. caring for B. linking to C. focusing on D. checking up 37. A. consulted B. quitted C. entered D. explored 38. A. collection B. power C. title D. attention 39. A. connect B. improve C. manage D. treasure 40. A. desires B. hobbies C. plans D. efforts 第二部分：阅读理解(2*14=38分) 61-74题 第一节(共 14 小题;每小题 2 分，共 28 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Welcome to “Cash Poor Points Rich”, a new travel blog dedicated to sharing experience with credit card points and miles to help you get big travel but for small spend. With the right planning and maximization of available resources, traveling as a college student may be easier than you think. Chengdu, China If visiting a place with happy locals is a priority for you, there’s no better city to hit than Chengdu. It is home to pandas and spicy things. Moreover, the city’s abundance of cultural and historical sights, together with its laid-back lifestyle, make itself one of the most attractive and livable large cities too. Past travelers have spent, on average, ￥158 on meals and about a quarter of that on local transportation for one day. Con Dao, Vietnam Tourism is picking up in Vietnam lately, where you can travel for about ¥ 100 per day if you play your cards right. Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot. Its thick jungle will give you a good chance to uncover a paradise of your own. Zakynthos, Greece If you’re looking for an affordable European summer beach vacation, consider Zakynthos. Food is cheap and mouthwatering. There are plenty of free things to do. although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water. There are countless options for swimming in the appealing sea, along with charming villages and museums to explore. New Orleans, U. S. New Orleans is an incredibly unique place in the U. S., full of fascinating history, absorbing culture, delicious food, and a constantly buzzing nightlife scene. There are actually a couple of hostels in and near the French Quarter that offer reasonable accommodation rates for students. 41. Which city best suits people who like to meet cheerful natives? A. Chengdu. B. Con Dao. C. Zakynthos. D. New Orleans. 42. What do Con Dao and Zakynthos have in common? A. Countless local cultures. B. Free tourist attractions. C. Impressive sea views. D. Large charming museums. 43. Who may be the target readers of this passage? A. Parents arranging family trips. B. Students exploring affordable destinations. C. Elders looking for quiet destinations. D. Businessmen seeking high-end hotels. B A few days ago, my husband, Russ, and I lost our house of 28 years to a California wild fire. On that night, we had to leave our house and sleep in the back seat of our Ford. The next morning, we had to drive three and a half hours to find a hotel that had an available room. Only later, in the local newspaper, did we see photographs of the destruction. Our house had been consumed by the fire along with most of our neighborhood. How are we going to rebuild after this? I thought, rounding a corner in the sidewalk on my walk back to the hotel. Is it even possible? I noticed something up ahead—a pair of nickels, shining like precious jewels. They were just nickels, but they somehow felt special. I bent down and picked them up. If these were lucky coins, I could use all the luck I could get. A few days later, I made a trip to the store to buy essentials. The enormous task of replacing everything we’d lost put a heavy weight on me. I was about to leave when I felt the urge to stop and turn my head to the right. I could hardly believe it—there on nickela shelf, was a nickel! Okay, maybe this is more than luck, I thought and put the nickel in my pocket. I told myself that I had found the nickels just by chance. Then I found one next to my plate at a restaurant—on Thanksgiving, no less, when I was missing our house more than ever. It seemed that a nickel appeared whenever my spirits plummeted. Whenever I reached my breaking point, I’d find another nickel. In the grass at the park, or near the tire of my car in a parking lot. Once, my change for a quick lunch was given entirely in nickels. “I’m sorry,” the cashier said. “It’s all we have.” It’s all I needed! One day, I was sitting at the desk when my phone rang. It was a real-estate agent I’d been working with. “I have a new listing,” she said. “When can we see it?” A few hours later, Russ and I were following the agent down the driveway toward the house. I didn’t think long. Because there, in the driveway, … 44. After the wild fire, the couple ________. A. lived in their car for one night B. took some photos of the destruction C. could hardly afford their Thanksgiving dinner D. saved precious items from the burned down house 45. What does the underlined word “plummeted” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Remained. B. Changed. C. Strengthened. D. Sank. 46. What did the found nickels mean to the author? A. Luck for the foreseeable future. B. Hope during challenging times. C. Signs of a huge fortune to come. D Reminders of what had happened. 47. Which would be the best ending for the passage? A. I spotted a flash of silver in the sun, two nickels, both heads up. B. I found an old nickel, which seemed to tell a story from the past. C. I saw a mysterious locked box, and thought perhaps it was full of nickels. D. I looked up and imagined something on a cloud, a giant nickel, just for me. C Do you know the websites that let you name a star after your beloved one, your kid or your dog for a small fee? Yeah, those are all fake— you could pay me to “name” a star for $50, and I’ll take your money and show the name online. I’ll even send you a fancy certificate! It seems that you’ve named a star, but it just doesn’t count. Actually, the only organization that owns official naming rights is the International Astronomical Union, or the IAU. It was founded in 1919 and based in Paris, France. It is where astronomers and other professionals have reached the agreements and is the official record-keeping body for all discoveries in space. Recently they do open up an opportunity for the public to name a dozen of planets outside the solar system. These planets will be among the first to be studied with the James Webb Space Telescope. However, they currently only have boring and complicated documents that were used to find them. That’s why the IAU is looking for something more interesting. But before you start naming the planets, you should know the rules. First, nothing is rude or annoying. Second, the name should be less than 16 characters long and pronounceable in at least one language with no commercial or business names and nothing is named after a living individual or a pet. The competition, named “Stars Worlds”, is open next Thursday, January 20th. It’s the third such contest the IAU has held, and the purpose is to get the public more interested in science as well as the organization. The competition also helps to break centuries of European dominance when it comes to naming things in the night sky. So people around the world can share the joy of discovery and make their mark in history. 48. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By listing figures. B. By taking an example. C. By offering a solution. D. By showing differences. 49. What can we know about the IAU from the passage? A. It was founded by France. B. It studies the space telescope. C. It organizes trips to the space. D. It has the right to name the stars. 50. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Why the competition is held. B. How the competition develops. C. What to expect in the competition. D. How to take part in the competition. 51. Where is this passage most likely taken from? A. A novel. B. A textbook. C. A diary. D. A magazine. D The biggest criticism (批评) of social networking is that our young people are losing their offline friends to online friends. In fact there is a lot of research that shows these criticisms are generally unfounded. Research by Allen et al. found that people are not replacing offline friends with online companions but are using them to support their offline relationships. They also found that our online friendships actually allow us to have discussions with a much more diverse set of people than in the real world and improve our psychological happiness. However, there is one part of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen, in his book iDisorder, presents evidence that social networking is turning us into narcissists (自恋者). He says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become vain, aggressive, and show anti-social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing—empathy. This is the emotion that bonds us together; it allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships. Sherry Turkle, a professor of social sciences at MIT, suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. But being alone is a time, Turkle argues, when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others. She believes, as is the title of her book, that we are simply “Alone Together”. These potential changes in our characters are rather disturbing. If nothing is done, our young people could well be in trouble. Therefore, suggestions about ways to encourage our young people to avoid the problems of social networking should be made, so they can develop the kinds of friendships that are required to grow into well-adjusted and happy adults. 52. In this passage, the author mainly argues that ________. A. internet culture causes various problems B. we are losing some most important emotions C. online friendships do good to offline friendships D. social networking affects young people’s personalities 53. According to Sherry Turkle, how can we make meaningful friendships with others? A. by getting in touch with online friends B. by avoiding the problems of social networking C. by reflecting and getting in touch with ourselves D. by being alone then having discussions with a much more diverse set of people 54. From the passage we can learn that ________. A. social media have more advantages B. young people will develop offline friendships C. young people can’t go without social media D. we are becoming unable to understand others well 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）75-79题 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why You Should Schedule Some “Me Time” Every Day Most people in our culture feel the need to be going all the time. If we are not working and putting our energy into something, we believe we are wasting time. We feel taking time for ourselves is a waste. And to some extent, it’s true—pushing yourself nonstop may bring some measure of success. ____55____ Stress and the inability to enjoy a little time-out have very real health and psychological effects, such as headaches, heart attacks, depression and poor concentration. So, the biggest reason to take a little time out for yourself is to avoid these negative consequences of not doing so. ____56____ Specifically, taking some “me” time can help you avoid bad mood and enable you to control your emotions. If you live with someone, like a spouse, children, or even a pet, they may not understand your need to take “me” time but they certainly will appreciate the way your mood has improved. Contrary to this, the lack of time to yourself can cause you to build up anger that can harm both you and your relationships. ___57___ So you must give yourself permission to take at least a half hour per day, even if it’s divided, just for yourself. If you have to, set the alarm, schedule it on the calendar, or put it on your “to-do” list for the day. Whatever you have to do, make it happen every day. It can be as simple as sitting on the deck, reading a book, and watching the sun come up with a hot cup of coffee. In addition to that, setting boundaries is important. ____58____ Also acknowledge that you need to limit the demands that other people can make on your time. Taking a little time for yourself refreshes and re-energizes you. It allows you to think more clearly and make better decisions. ____59____ You come to realize that you are important and deserve to have a little time to yourself. If you engage in something you enjoy during your time-out, you also have the satisfaction of reading that book, or writing that poem. But be careful that you use your “me” time for leisurely activities and don’t push yourself to complete anything. Simply enjoy the time out. A. Taking “me” time benefits those around you as well. B. Actually it is not that difficult to find a little “me” time. C. Taking “me” time also builds your self-worth over time. D. It might seem easy to schedule a little “me” time, but often it isn’t. E. Realize that there are limits to what you can do, and build your life around that. F. But more than that, “me” time can make you a better person both inside and out. G. However, going for long periods without time for yourself may cost you in the end. 第三部分：阅读回答问题（共4小题；第80/81题各2分，第82题3分，第83题5分，共12分）80-83题 阅读表达 Traci Ruble, a psychotherapist (心理治疗师), felt worried that people today were experiencing loneliness and a shortage of personal connections. She understood that with busy lives and challenging jobs, people were unable to make these connections. So on a spring day in 2015, Ruble and a small number of volunteers set up chairs on sidewalks in 12 locations around San Francisco, California and invited people passing by to sit for a few minutes and chat. This was the beginning of Sidewalk Talk, an organization whose mission is to create public spaces of connections where the people are. Today the organization has more than 4,000 volunteers in 40 cities. Around 25 percent of the volunteers are licensed therapists (持证治疗师).They come from different backgrounds and are a mixed group. Volunteers receive training from the organization. Listening activities are held several times a month along with other organizations. In San Francisco, Sidewalk Talk partners with Lava Mae, a nongovernmental organization (NGO) that brings mobile showers to homeless people. Sidewalk Talk gives people a chance to speak and be listened to but it is not therapy, according to Ruble. “I’m not interacting as a therapist out there. I’m not there to solve someone’s problems,” she said. “I’m there to practice being human.” Ruble stressed that therapy is one-sided and that therapists are taught to avoid self-disclosure (自我表露) but by “being human” she could carry out interactions by sharing her own life and showing empathy (同感) with the people she talks with. According to a report, 31 percent of all Americans experience serious loneliness, including 61 percent of young adults. To fix that, rebuilding community relationships is very important. While listening activities will not solve the loneliness problem, these chats could help someone have a brighter day. Knowing that there are empathetic people who are willing to fully listen and share your feelings could make all the difference to a lonely person. 60. What is Traci Ruble’s worry about people nowadays? _______________________________________________________________________ 61. Why was Sidewalk Talk set up? _______________________________________________________________________ 62. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In Ruble’s opinion, Sidewalk Talk gives people a chance to talk with therapists who can give them special treatment and solve their problems. _______________________________________________________________________ 63. In addition to rebuilding community relationships, what do you think are some other ways to solve the loneliness problem? (About 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 听力 1-15. ABBCA CACBB CACAB 16. girls 17. July 18. 16 19. Hardworking 20. confident 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024北京九中高一（下）期中 英语 （考试时间120分钟 满分100分） 第一部分：第一节 听力理解（1*20=20分）1-20题 第一节 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳进项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What does Ron wear? A. Long shorts and a T-shirt. B. Light-colored hair. C. A pair of glasses. 2. How much does it cost to park the car now? A. Two pounds. B. Four pounds. C. Six pounds. 3. What is the woman going to make? A. A pizza. B. A soup. C. A pie. 4. Where will the girl go tonight? A. To a music hall. B. To a stadium. C. To a hospital. 5. Why will the man leave early? A. He is not feeling well. B. He has to attend a meeting. C. He has a doctor's appointment. 第二节 听下面 4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. Where does the woman plan to go? A. To a park. B. To a station. C. To a supermarket. 7. What are the speakers going to do next? A. Refuel the car. B. Take a walk. C. Go shopping. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8. Why is Frank upset? A. He dislikes his new maths teacher. B. He has difficulty with his homework. C. He was considered to have cheated in an exam. 9. What does the girl think of Frank? A. Lazy. B. Hard-working. C. Badly behaved. 听第8段材料，回答第10 至12 题。 10. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Marketing skills. B. A personnel change. C. A goodbye party. 11 How do the speakers feel about Mr. Jordan's quit? A. Happy. B. Angry. C. Sad. 12. Who is the woman going to talk to next? A. The personnel manager. B. The marketing manager. C. The company president. 听第9段材料，回答第13至15 题。 13. What is the speaker? A The world champion of rock climbing. B. The owner of Climbing Gym Subway. C. The instructor of rock climbing. 14. What kind of student package do the rock climbing lessons provide? A. Monthly. B. Weekly. C. Daily. 15. What does the Gym offer for free to more experienced climbers? A. Rock climbing lessons. B. Hotel accommodation. C. Weekend trips. 第三节 听下面一段独白，完成第16至第20小题，每空只需填写一个词。听独白前，你有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你有90秒钟作答。本段独白你将听两遍。 A Firefighter Training Course Organiser The Association of Firefighters Aim To teach 16. ________ how to become firefighters Place At the Firefighting Centre Time From June 17th to17. ______ 22nd Requirement Students aged between18. _________and 18 19. _______and in good physical shape Benefit Become more 20. ________ Signing up Get in touch with John Smith on 099898765 第二节 词汇 （0.5*20=10分）21-40题 1. 请选出与单词 “otherwise” 匹配的释义。 A. 否则 B. 所以 C. 但是 D. 而且 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。otherwise意为“否则”，与单词 “otherwise” 匹配的释义是：否则。故选A。 2. 请选出与单词 “complex” 匹配的释义。 A. 完全的 B. 竞争的 C. 复杂的 D. 古典的 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。complex意为“复杂的”，与单词 “complex” 匹配的释义是：复杂的。故选C。 3. 请选出与单词 “permission” 匹配的释义。 A. 表演，演出 B. 允许，许可 C. 实施；执行 D. 请求，要求 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。A. 表演，演出performance；B. 允许，许可permission；C. 实施；执行execution；D. 请求，要求request。permission是名词，意思是“允许，许可”，其动词是permit。故选B项。 4. 请选出与单词 “establish” 匹配的释义。 A. 表彰，赞扬 B. 估计，判断 C. 出版，发行 D. 建立，设立 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。establish意为“建立，设立”，与“establish” 匹配的释义：建立，设立。故选D。 5. 请选出与单词“exhibition”匹配的释义。 A. 出口 B. 雄心 C. 情感 D. 展览 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。exhibition意为“展览”，与单词“exhibition”匹配的释义是：展览。故选D。 6. 请选出与单词 “commitment” 匹配的释义。 A. 社区 B. 约会 C. 住处 D. 投入 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. 社区；B. 约会；C. 住处；D. 投入。commitment意为“投入”，与单词 “commitment” 匹配的释义是：投入。故选D。 7. 请选出与单词 “passion” 匹配的释义。 A. 图案 B. 抗议 C. 激情 D. 准备 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。passion名词，意思是：激情。故选C。 8. 请选出与单词 “engage” 匹配的释义。 A. 参加 B. 确认 C. 鼓励 D. 启发 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。与单词 “engage” 匹配的释义是：参加。故选A。 9. 请选出与单词“visual”匹配的释义。 A. 惊人的 B. 视觉的 C. 精神上的 D. 富于感情的 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。visual意为“视觉的”，与单词“visual”匹配的释义是：视觉的。故选B。 10. 请选出与单词 “atmosphere” 匹配的释义。 A. 领域 B. 舞台 C. 表演 D. 气氛 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。与单词 “atmosphere” 匹配的释义是：气氛。故选D。 11. 请选出与释义“忧郁，沮丧”匹配的单词。 A. emotion B. ambition C. depression D. contribution 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. emontion情感，情绪；B. ambition野心，雄心；C. depression忧郁，沮丧；D. contribution贡献。与释义“忧郁，沮丧”匹配的单词是depression。故选C。 12. 请选出与释义“独立”匹配的单词。 A. independence B. inconvenience C. influence D. intelligence 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. independence独立；B. inconvenience不便；C. influence影响；D. intelligence智力。与释义“独立”匹配的单词是independence。故选A。 13. 请选出与释义“过程，进程”匹配的单词。 A. prove B. progress C. process D. protest 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。A. prove证明；B. progress进展，进步；C. process过程，进程；D. protest抗议，反对。与释义“过程，进程”匹配的单词是process。故选C。 14. 请选出与释义“个人，个体”匹配的单词。 A. involve B. individual C. intense D. interrupt 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词词义辨析。A. involve涉及；B. individual个人，个体；C. intense强烈的；D. interrupt打断。结合题干要求：选出与释义“个人，个体”匹配的单词可知，用individual。故选B。 15. 请选出与释义“主管，负责”匹配的单词。 A. component B. charge C. composer D. carriage 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. component成分，部件；B. charge负责，主管；C. composer作曲家；D. carriage马车，运费。与释义“主管，负责”匹配的单词是charge。故选B。 16. 请选出与释义“实施；执行”匹配的单词。 A. master B. integrate C. undertake D. conduct 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. master掌握，精通；B. integrate整合，使合并；C. undertake承担，从事；D. conduct执行，实施。与释义“实施；执行”匹配的单词是conduct。故选D。 17. 请选出与释义“改革；改进”匹配的单词。 A. reform B. recommend C. advance D. attempt 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. reform改革，改进；B. recommend推荐；C. advance提前，进步；D. attempt尝试。与释义“改革；改进”匹配的单词是reform。故选A。 18. 请选出与释义“感激，欣赏”匹配的单词。 A. advance B. appreciate C. remark D. reward 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。A. advance提前，进步；B. appreciate感激，欣赏；C. remark评论；D. reward奖励，奖赏。与释义“感激，欣赏”匹配的单词是appreciate。故选B。 19. 请选出与释义“忠诚地”匹配的单词。 A. faithfully B. currently C. extensively D. mentally 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。A. faithfully忠诚地；B. currently当前；C. extensively广泛地，大量地；D. mentally精神上。与释义“忠诚地”匹配的单词是faithfully。故选A。 20. 请选出与释义“名誉、名望”匹配的单词。 A. generation B. recognition C. reputation D. discrimination 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。A. generation n.一代（人）；B. recognition n.承认；C. reputation n.声誉；D. discrimination n.歧视。“名誉、名望”和选项C意思一致。故选C。 第三节 语法填空（1*10=10分）41-50题 A 语法填空 The Empire of Light is a series of paintings by Belgian artist René Magritte. Between 1953 and 1954, he painted the same scene 27 times. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, ___21___(surround) by the darkness of night. ___22___ is strange is that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds. It seems like quite a ____23____(mystery) scene. 【答案】21. surrounded 22. What 23. mysterious 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了比利时艺术家勒内·马格里特的《光之帝国》系列画作。 【21题详解】 考查过去分词作定语。句意：它展示了一座在夜晚被室内灯光照亮的美丽房子。本句已经存在谓语shows，所以surrounded是非谓语动词，用来修饰名词house，构成过去分词短语作定语，表示被动关系。因此，应填surrounded。 【22题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：奇怪的是，在房子和树的上方，我们看到了一个白天的天空。这个句子是主语从句，从句中缺少一个主语，根据句意，what符合题意，另外还要注意首字母大写，因此应填What。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它似乎是一个相当神秘的场景。空格处需要一个形容词来修饰名词scene，mystery是个名词，意思是“神秘”，其形容词形式是mysterious，因此应填mysterious。 B 语法填空 Why is the Forbidden City called “purple forbidden city”? If you have visited it, you may find that the palace ____24____ (paint) mainly in two colors, yellow and red. Red, the color of fire, shows happiness and success, while yellow, the color of the sun, was only used by the emperors (皇帝), _____25_____ were regarded as the Sons of Heaven. Ancient Chinese astronomers believed that Polaris (北极星), “Ziwei (紫薇) star”, was in the center of heaven and the heavenly emperor lived in the Ziwei Palace. So the palace for the emperor on Earth should be like the one in heaven. That is ____26____ the word “purple” is in the name. 【答案】24. is painted 25. who 26. why 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释为什么故宫被称为“紫禁城”。 【24题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：如果你参观过它，你可能会发现宫殿主要被漆成两种颜色，黄色和红色。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，the palace和paint被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用is。故填is painted。 【25题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：红色，火的颜色，表示幸福和成功，而黄色，太阳的颜色，只有皇帝才使用，他们被认为是天子。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the emperors，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【26题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么名字里有“紫色”这个词。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，需用连接副词why引导。故填why。 C 语法填空 Rules help us live together in a community. At my local park, there is a sign that reads, “Keep off the grass.” Because our community has a need for a nice green space ____27____ (relax), we are expected to keep our park clean and in good condition for everyone’s enjoyment. If one person breaks the rules, more people will follow him and do ___28___ they want. In a community, rules are in place to protect everyone. What we do and ___29___ we act affect everyone, not just ourselves. We need rules in order to live ___30___ (safe). 【答案】27. to relax 28. what##whatever 29. how 30. safely 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了规则在社区生活中的重要性。 【27题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：因为我们的社区需要一个好的绿色空间来放松，我们希望保持我们的公园清洁和良好的状态，让每个人都能享受。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填to relax。 【28题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：如果一个人打破了规则，更多的人会跟随他，做他们想做的事。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，此处表示“所……的事”，或“无论做什么事”需用连接代词what/whatever引导。故填what/whatever。 【29题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：我们所做的和我们的行为影响着每个人，而不仅仅是我们自己。空处引导主语从句，从句缺少方式状语，需用连接副词how引导。故填how。 【30题详解】 考查副词。句意：为了安全生活，我们需要规则。空处修饰动词live，需用副词safely，作状语。故填safely。 第四节 完型填空（1*10=10分）51-60题 Zhang Guimei is the principal of Huaping High School for Girls, based in Lijiang city, Southwest China's Yunnan province. She has been granted the title “Role Model of the Times” in recognition of her devotion to the ___31___ for girls from poor families. The school, which was founded by Zhang in 2008, was the first high school in the country to provide ___32___ education to girls who would otherwise have been unable to continue their studies after completing their nine years of compulsory education. Anybody who knows Zhang's own conditions will be more deeply ___33___ by her situation. She has no personal property and has been living in the student dormitory but she has never charged students for tuition fees since its founding. She has spent most of her salary and the bonuses she received on her students. And, despite having serious ___34___ problems, she never stayed in hospital. For 12 years she has always taken morning classes together with the students. She has also covered 110,000 kilometers ___35___ her students’ families over the years. Besides her work with the school, she also has a part-time job as head of the local orphanage, ___36___ more than 130 orphans(孤儿). Thanks to her efforts, about 40 percent of the school’s graduates are enrolled in key universities. More than 1,800 girls from poor families have ___37___ universities via her education. Zhang deserves her honorary ___38___ “Role Model of the Times”. By helping the girls get higher education, she has actually helped them change their destinies and their later generations in the future will enjoy more opportunities as a result. In a broader sense, Zhang has been helping to ___39___ the region as a whole. Influenced by her, many of her students have chosen to teach in poor areas, while some even went back to teach in her high school. Her ____40____ have thus benefited the local region in a sustainable way. What she has done will be long remembered and encourage more to follow her example. 31. A. education B. research C. treatment D. balance 32. A. adult B. informal C. private D. free 33. A. satisfied B. moved C. depressed D. disappointed 34. A. salary B. attitude C. health D. property 35. A. organizing B. visiting C. protecting D. inviting 36. A. caring for B. linking to C. focusing on D. checking up 37. A. consulted B. quitted C. entered D. explored 38. A. collection B. power C. title D. attention 39. A. connect B. improve C. manage D. treasure 40. A. desires B. hobbies C. plans D. efforts 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. C 39. B 40. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是对贫困家庭女孩教育做出贡献的“时代模范”张桂梅的感人事迹。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她被授予“时代模范”的称号，以表彰她对贫困家庭女孩教育的贡献。A. education教育；B. research研究；C. treatment处理；D. balance平衡。根据上文“Zhang Guimei is the principal of Huaping High School for Girls”张桂梅是华坪女子中学的校长，可推测这里应该是对女孩教育的贡献，故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这所学校由张女士于2008年创办，是全国第一所为那些在完成九年义务教育后无法继续学业的女孩提供免费教育的高中。A. adult成年的；B. informal非正式的；C. private私人的；D. free免费的。根据下文“girls who would otherwise have been unable to continue their studies after completing their nine years of compulsory education”那些在完成九年义务教育后无法继续学业的女孩，可知应该是提供免费的教育，故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何了解张自身情况的人都会对她的处境更加感动。A. satisfied满意；B. moved感动；C. depressed使沮丧；D. disappointed使失望。根据下文“She has no personal property and has been living in the student dormitory but she has never charged students for tuition fees since its founding”她没有个人财产，一直住在学生宿舍，但自宿舍成立以来，她从未向学生收取过学费，可知这里应是被她的处境感动，故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管她有严重的健康问题，她从未住过医院。A. salary薪金；B. attitude态度；C. health健康；D. property财产。根据“she never stayed in hospital. ”她从未住过医院，可知应是健康问题，故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，她还走访了11万公里的学生家庭。A. organizing组织；B. visiting拜访；C. protecting保护；D. inviting邀请。根据“More than 1,800 girls from poor families ”的学生家庭，可知应该是去拜访，故选B。 【36题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：除了在学校的工作外，她还兼职担任当地孤儿院的负责人，照顾130多名孤儿。A. caring for照顾；B. linking to联系；C. focusing on关注；D. checking up检查。根据“she also has a part-time job as head of the local orphanage”她还兼职担任当地孤儿院的负责人，可推测这里是照顾孤儿，故选A。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1800多名来自贫困家庭的女孩通过她的教育进入了大学。A. consulted咨询；B. quitted放弃；C. entered进入；D. explored探索。根据上文“Thanks to her efforts, about 40 percent of the school’s graduates are enrolled in key universities. ”由于她的努力，该校约40%的毕业生被重点大学录取，可推测是进入大学，故选C。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“时代模范”这一荣誉称号张当之无愧。A. collection收集；B. power力量；C. title头衔；D. attention注意。根据下文的“Role Model of the Times”，可知应是头衔，故选C。 【39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从更广泛的意义上说，张一直在帮助改善整个地区。A. connect连接；B. improve改善；C. manage管理；D. treasure珍视。根据下文“Influenced by her, many of her students have chosen to teach in poor areas, while some even went back to teach in her high school. ”在她的影响下，她的许多学生选择去贫困地区教书，有些甚至回到她的高中任教，可推测上文应该是帮助改善整个地区，符合语境，故选B。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，她的努力以可持续的方式使当地受益。A. desires渴望；. B. hobbies爱好；C. plans计划；D. efforts努力。根据“By helping the girls get higher education, she has actually helped them change their destinies and their later generations in the future will enjoy more opportunities as a result.”描述张为这一地区做出的贡献，可知应该是她的努力以可持续的方式使当地受益，故选D。 第二部分：阅读理解(2*14=38分) 61-74题 第一节(共 14 小题;每小题 2 分，共 28 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Welcome to “Cash Poor Points Rich”, a new travel blog dedicated to sharing experience with credit card points and miles to help you get big travel but for small spend. With the right planning and maximization of available resources, traveling as a college student may be easier than you think. Chengdu, China If visiting a place with happy locals is a priority for you, there’s no better city to hit than Chengdu. It is home to pandas and spicy things. Moreover, the city’s abundance of cultural and historical sights, together with its laid-back lifestyle, make itself one of the most attractive and livable large cities too. Past travelers have spent, on average, ￥158 on meals and about a quarter of that on local transportation for one day. Con Dao, Vietnam Tourism is picking up in Vietnam lately, where you can travel for about ¥ 100 per day if you play your cards right. Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot. Its thick jungle will give you a good chance to uncover a paradise of your own. Zakynthos, Greece If you’re looking for an affordable European summer beach vacation, consider Zakynthos. Food is cheap and mouthwatering. There are plenty of free things to do. although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water. There are countless options for swimming in the appealing sea, along with charming villages and museums to explore. New Orleans, U. S. New Orleans is an incredibly unique place in the U. S., full of fascinating history, absorbing culture, delicious food, and a constantly buzzing nightlife scene. There are actually a couple of hostels in and near the French Quarter that offer reasonable accommodation rates for students. 41. Which city best suits people who like to meet cheerful natives? A. Chengdu. B. Con Dao. C. Zakynthos. D. New Orleans. 42. What do Con Dao and Zakynthos have in common? A. Countless local cultures. B. Free tourist attractions. C. Impressive sea views. D. Large charming museums. 43. Who may be the target readers of this passage? A. Parents arranging family trips. B. Students exploring affordable destinations. C. Elders looking for quiet destinations. D. Businessmen seeking high-end hotels. 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些价格亲民的旅游地，帮助人们花最少的钱实现旅游。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文Chengdu, China部分中提到的“If visiting a place with happy locals is a priority for you, there’s no better city to hit than Chengdu.(如果您想去一个有快乐当地人的地方，那么没有比成都更好的城市了。)”可知，成都是最适合想要遇见悠闲、无忧无虑本地人的人。故选A。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据Con Dao,Vietnam(越南昆岛)部分的 “Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot.(孔岛国家公园是南部海岸附近的一组引人注目的小岛，是徒步探索该地区时看到海龟和其他野生动物的好去处。)”及Zakynthos, Greece部分的“There are plenty of free things to do, although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water.(这里有很多免费的事情可以做，尽管最受欢迎的是在蔚蓝的海水边美丽的海滩上度过时光。)”可知，两地都可以看到迷人的海景。故选C。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段提及“…a new travel blog dedicated to sharing experience with credit card points and miles to help you get big travel but for small spend. With the right planning and maximization of available resources, traveling as a college student may be easier than you think. (……一个旅游博客，致力于分享信用卡积分和里程的使用经验，帮助您花小钱享受大旅游。只要计划得当，最大限度地利用现有资源，大学生旅行可能比你想象的要容易得多。)以及每段中都体现出该旅游地的实惠和便宜。因此推断探索经济实惠的目的地的学生最有可能是目标读者，故选 B。 B A few days ago, my husband, Russ, and I lost our house of 28 years to a California wild fire. On that night, we had to leave our house and sleep in the back seat of our Ford. The next morning, we had to drive three and a half hours to find a hotel that had an available room. Only later, in the local newspaper, did we see photographs of the destruction. Our house had been consumed by the fire along with most of our neighborhood. How are we going to rebuild after this? I thought, rounding a corner in the sidewalk on my walk back to the hotel. Is it even possible? I noticed something up ahead—a pair of nickels, shining like precious jewels. They were just nickels, but they somehow felt special. I bent down and picked them up. If these were lucky coins, I could use all the luck I could get. A few days later, I made a trip to the store to buy essentials. The enormous task of replacing everything we’d lost put a heavy weight on me. I was about to leave when I felt the urge to stop and turn my head to the right. I could hardly believe it—there on nickela shelf, was a nickel! Okay, maybe this is more than luck, I thought and put the nickel in my pocket. I told myself that I had found the nickels just by chance. Then I found one next to my plate at a restaurant—on Thanksgiving, no less, when I was missing our house more than ever. It seemed that a nickel appeared whenever my spirits plummeted. Whenever I reached my breaking point, I’d find another nickel. In the grass at the park, or near the tire of my car in a parking lot. Once, my change for a quick lunch was given entirely in nickels. “I’m sorry,” the cashier said. “It’s all we have.” It’s all I needed! One day, I was sitting at the desk when my phone rang. It was a real-estate agent I’d been working with. “I have a new listing,” she said. “When can we see it?” A few hours later, Russ and I were following the agent down the driveway toward the house. I didn’t think long. Because there, in the driveway, … 44. After the wild fire the couple ________. A. lived in their car for one night B took some photos of the destruction C. could hardly afford their Thanksgiving dinner D. saved precious items from the burned down house 45. What does the underlined word “plummeted” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Remained. B. Changed. C. Strengthened. D. Sank. 46. What did the found nickels mean to the author? A. Luck for the foreseeable future. B. Hope during challenging times. C. Signs of a huge fortune to come. D. Reminders of what had happened. 47. Which would be the best ending for the passage? A. I spotted a flash of silver in the sun, two nickels, both heads up. B. I found an old nickel, which seemed to tell a story from the past. C. I saw a mysterious locked box, and thought perhaps it was full of nickels. D. I looked up and imagined something on a cloud, a giant nickel, just for me. 【答案】44. A 45. D 46. B 47. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者住了28年的房子被大火摧毁，住在外面的酒店。偶然捡到2枚镍币，后来作者发现每当她精神一落千丈时就会出现镍币的故事。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“On that night, we had to leave our house and sleep in the back seat of our Ford.(那天晚上，我们不得不离开家，睡在福特的后座上。)”可知，野火过后，他们是在车上过了一夜。故选A。 【45题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第七段中“Whenever I reached my breaking point, I’d find another nickel.(每当我达到临界点时，我就会发现另一个镍。)和“Then I found one next to my plate at a restaurant—on Thanksgiving, no less, when I was missing our house more than ever”（感恩节那天，我在一家餐馆的盘子旁边发现了一个，我比以往任何时候都更想念我们的房子。）”推断可知，每次有低落情绪（通过想家情节推出）时，就会出现镍币。划线单词plummeted大意为心情低落，心凉。故选D。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“If these were lucky coins, I could use all the luck I could get.(如果这些是幸运币，我可以用我能得到的所有运气。)”以及下文作者收到房产中介电话要带她去看房子，可以看出作者捡到硬币对作者来说是困难时期的希望。故选B。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中作者总是在她心情低落时捡到镍币可以推测，接下来作者可能在车道上，户外阳光下看到了2枚镍币，这和第四段“I noticed something up ahead—a pair of nickels, shining like precious jewels.(我注意到前方有东西——一对镍币，像珍贵的珠宝一样闪闪发光。)”第一次发现镍币的情节前后呼应。故选A。 C Do you know the websites that let you name a star after your beloved one, your kid or your dog for a small fee? Yeah, those are all fake— you could pay me to “name” a star for $50, and I’ll take your money and show the name online. I’ll even send you a fancy certificate! It seems that you’ve named a star, but it just doesn’t count. Actually, the only organization that owns official naming rights is the International Astronomical Union, or the IAU. It was founded in 1919 and based in Paris, France. It is where astronomers and other professionals have reached the agreements and is the official record-keeping body for all discoveries in space. Recently they do open up an opportunity for the public to name a dozen of planets outside the solar system. These planets will be among the first to be studied with the James Webb Space Telescope. However, they currently only have boring and complicated documents that were used to find them. That’s why the IAU is looking for something more interesting. But before you start naming the planets, you should know the rules. First, nothing is rude or annoying. Second, the name should be less than 16 characters long and pronounceable in at least one language with no commercial or business names and nothing is named after a living individual or a pet. The competition, named “Stars Worlds”, is open next Thursday, January 20th. It’s the third such contest the IAU has held, and the purpose is to get the public more interested in science as well as the organization. The competition also helps to break centuries of European dominance when it comes to naming things in the night sky. So people around the world can share the joy of discovery and make their mark in history. 48. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By listing figures. B. By taking an example. C. By offering a solution. D. By showing differences. 49. What can we know about the IAU from the passage? A. It was founded by France. B. It studies the space telescope. C. It organizes trips to the space. D. It has the right to name the stars. 50. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Why the competition is held. B. How the competition develops. C. What to expect in the competition. D. How to take part in the competition. 51. Where is this passage most likely taken from? A. A novel. B. A textbook. C. A diary. D. A magazine. 【答案】48. B 49. D 50. A 51. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了拥有行星命名权的官方机构——国际天文学联盟、该机构举办的第三届给星球命名的公众活动及活动规则。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yeah, those are all fake— you could pay me to “name” a star for $50, and I’ll take your money and show the name online. I’ll even send you a fancy certificate! It seems that you’ve named a star, but it just doesn’t count.”（是的，这些都是假的——你可以花50美元给我“命名”一个行星，我会拿着你的钱在网上展示这个名字。我甚至会给你寄一份精美的证书！看起来你已经命名了一颗行星，但这并不算数。）可知，为了让读者对骗子网站的操作一目了然，作者以自己可以随意给行星命名来举例引出本文的主要内容——介绍IAU组织及其给星球命名的活动。故选B项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Actually, the only organization that owns official naming rights is the International Astronomical Union, or the IAU. It was founded in 1919 and based in Paris, France. It is where astronomers and other professionals have reached the agreements and is the official record-keeping body for all discoveries in space.”（事实上，唯一拥有官方命名权的组织是国际天文学联合会，简称IAU。它成立于1919年，总部设在法国巴黎。它是天文学家和其他专业人士达成协议的地方，也是所有太空发现的官方记录保存机构。）可知，从文章中我们可以了解到关于IAU，它有权为星星命名。故选D项。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The competition, named “Stars Worlds”, is open next Thursday, January 20th. It’s the third such contest the IAU has held, and the purpose is to get the public more interested in science as well as the organization. The competition also helps to break centuries of European dominance when it comes to naming things in the night sky. So people around the world can share the joy of discovery and make their mark in history.”（这场名为“群星世界”的比赛将于1月20日（下周四开）幕。这是国际天文学联合会第三次举办这样的比赛，目的是让公众对科学和该组织更感兴趣。这项竞赛还有助于打破欧洲在夜空天体命名方面几个世纪以来的主导地位。这样世界各地的人们就可以分享发现的喜悦，并在历史上留下自己的印记。）可知，最后一段主要讲的是活动举办的目的。故选A项。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中的“The competition, named ‘Stars Worlds’, is open next Thursday, January 20th.”（这场名为“群星世界”的比赛将于1月20日（下周四）开幕。）可知，本文介绍了真正拥有行星命名权的组织机构，本文时效性较强，应该是从报刊杂志上节选出来的。故选D项。 D The biggest criticism (批评) of social networking is that our young people are losing their offline friends to online friends. In fact there is a lot of research that shows these criticisms are generally unfounded. Research by Allen et al. found that people are not replacing offline friends with online companions but are using them to support their offline relationships. They also found that our online friendships actually allow us to have discussions with a much more diverse set of people than in the real world and improve our psychological happiness. However, there is one part of social networking that is deeply worrying. We find ourselves in a hyper-connected world where people access social media day and night, excited to make announcements about the tiniest details of their lives. Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character. Professor Larry D. Rosen, in his book iDisorder, presents evidence that social networking is turning us into narcissists (自恋者). He says that young people who overuse social networking sites can become vain, aggressive, and show anti-social behavior in their offline lives. But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing—empathy. This is the emotion that bonds us together; it allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships. Sherry Turkle, a professor of social sciences at MIT, suggests that people are no longer comfortable being alone. This is something confirmed by a study where 200 university students were asked to go without social media for 24 hours. Many admitted an addiction to their online social network; most complained that they felt cut off from family and friends. But being alone is a time, Turkle argues, when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others. She believes, as is the title of her book, that we are simply “Alone Together”. These potential changes in our characters are rather disturbing. If nothing is done, our young people could well be in trouble. Therefore, suggestions about ways to encourage our young people to avoid the problems of social networking should be made, so they can develop the kinds of friendships that are required to grow into well-adjusted and happy adults. 52. In this passage, the author mainly argues that ________. A. internet culture causes various problems B. we are losing some most important emotions C. online friendships do good to offline friendships D. social networking affects young people’s personalities 53. According to Sherry Turkle, how can we make meaningful friendships with others? A. by getting in touch with online friends B. by avoiding the problems of social networking C. by reflecting and getting in touch with ourselves D. by being alone then having discussions with a much more diverse set of people 54. From the passage, we can learn that ________. A. social media have more advantages B. young people will develop offline friendships C. young people can’t go without social media D. we are becoming unable to understand others well 【答案】52. D 53. C 54. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了社交网络有助于让我们与比现实世界中更加多元的人交流，提升我们的幸福感，它不会对我们的友谊产生负面影响，但会对我们的性格产生负面影响，所以需要提出建议避免社交网络的问题。 【52题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段最后一句“Research is starting to show that this culture is negatively affecting not our friendships but our character.(研究开始表明，这种文化不对我们的友谊产生负面影响，而是对我们的性格产生负面影响。)”可知，该句话承上启下，总结了作者的论点，即社交网络不会对友谊造成负面影响，但会对人们的性格产生不良影响。故选D。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But being alone is a time, Turkle argues, when we self-reflect and get in touch with who we really are. It is only when we do this that we can make meaningful friendships with others.(但Turkle认为，独处是我们自我反思并接触到真正自我的一段时间。只有这样，我们才能与他人建立有意义的友谊。)”可知，Turkle认为与他人建立有意义的友谊的方式是自我反思并接触自我。故选C。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But perhaps an even more disturbing effect is that one of our most basic emotions seems to be disappearing—empathy. This is the emotion that bonds us together; it allows us to see the world from our friends’ points of view. Without it, we are far less able to connect and form meaningful adult relationships.(但也许更令人不安的影响是，我们最基本的情绪之一——同理心似乎正在消失。这是把我们联系在一起的情绪；它使我们能够从朋友的角度看世界。如果没有它，我们就无法建立联系并形成有意义的成人关系。)”可知，我们的同理心似乎正在消失，而这种情绪能够让我们与朋友建立联系，失去它的话，我们就无法建立联系并形成有意义的成人关系。由此可推测出，由于我们的同理心似乎正在消失，所以我们越来越不能很好地理解别人的思想。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）75-79题 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why You Should Schedule Some “Me Time” Every Day Most people in our culture feel the need to be going all the time. If we are not working and putting our energy into something, we believe we are wasting time. We feel taking time for ourselves is a waste. And to some extent, it’s true—pushing yourself nonstop may bring some measure of success. ____55____ Stress and the inability to enjoy a little time-out have very real health and psychological effects, such as headaches, heart attacks, depression and poor concentration. So, the biggest reason to take a little time out for yourself is to avoid these negative consequences of not doing so. ____56____ Specifically, taking some “me” time can help you avoid bad mood and enable you to control your emotions. If you live with someone, like a spouse, children, or even a pet, they may not understand your need to take “me” time but they certainly will appreciate the way your mood has improved. Contrary to this, the lack of time to yourself can cause you to build up anger that can harm both you and your relationships. ___57___ So you must give yourself permission to take at least a half hour per day, even if it’s divided, just for yourself. If you have to, set the alarm, schedule it on the calendar, or put it on your “to-do” list for the day. Whatever you have to do, make it happen every day. It can be as simple as sitting on the deck, reading a book, and watching the sun come up with a hot cup of coffee. In addition to that, setting boundaries is important. ____58____ Also acknowledge that you need to limit the demands that other people can make on your time. Taking a little time for yourself refreshes and re-energizes you. It allows you to think more clearly and make better decisions. ____59____ You come to realize that you are important and deserve to have a little time to yourself. If you engage in something you enjoy during your time-out, you also have the satisfaction of reading that book, or writing that poem. But be careful that you use your “me” time for leisurely activities and don’t push yourself to complete anything. Simply enjoy the time out. A. Taking “me” time benefits those around you as well. B. Actually it is not that difficult to find a little “me” time. C. Taking “me” time also builds your self-worth over time. D. It might seem easy to schedule a little “me” time, but often it isn’t. E. Realize that there are limits to what you can do, and build your life around that. F. But more than that, “me” time can make you a better person both inside and out. G. However, going for long periods without time for yourself may cost you in the end. 【答案】55. G 56. F 57. D 58. E 59. C 【解析】 【分析】本文为应用文。文章说明了在生活中，除了工作以外，我们需要留时间给自己休息，避免不休息带来的消极后果，以及我们可以利用休息时间让自己恢复活力，逐渐建立自我价值。 【55题详解】 上文“We feel taking time for ourselves is a waste. And to some extent, it’s true—pushing yourself nonstop may bring some measure of success.（我们觉得把时间留给自己是一种浪费。在某种程度上，这是真的——不停地逼迫自己可能会带来某种程度的成功）”说明了我们觉得自己要不断地努力工作；G选项“However, going for long periods without time for yourself may cost you in the end.（然而，如果长时间没有自己的时间，最终可能会让你付出代价）”与上文为转折关系，表示如果继续不留时间给自己休息，会导致什么样的结果；后文“Stress and the inability to enjoy a little time-out have very real health and psychological effects, such as headaches, heart attacks, depression and poor concentration.（压力和无法享受短暂的休息对健康和心理都有很大的影响，比如头痛、心脏病、抑郁和注意力不集中）”说明了不留时间给自己休息所带来的后果，是对G选项的补充说明。故选G项。 【56题详解】 上文“So, the biggest reason to take a little time out for yourself is to avoid these negative consequences of not doing so.（所以，花点时间休息一下的最大原因是为了避免不休息带来的消极后果）”说明了花时间休息的原因；F选项“But more than that, “me” time can make you a better person both inside and out.（但更重要的是，“自我”时间可以让你从内到外都成为一个更好的人）”起到对上文的顺承作用，进一步说明了休息的更重要的另一个原因；下文“Specifically, taking some “me” time can help you avoid bad mood and enable you to control your emotions.（具体地说，花一些“自我”时间可以帮助你避免坏情绪，让你能够控制自己的情绪）”说明了拥有“自我”时间的好处，对F选项起到了解释说明作用。故选F选项。 【57题详解】 D选项“It might seem easy to schedule a little “me” time, but often it isn’t.（安排一点属于自己的时间似乎很容易，但往往不是这样）”说明了给自己安排时间不容易，与下文构成因果关系（表示因果关系的单词So为标志）；下文“So you must give yourself permission to take at least a half hour per day, even if it’s divided, just for yourself.（所以你必须允许自己每天至少花半小时的时间，即使是分开的，也要只花给自己）” 说明了给自己留时间的方法，对D选项提到的给自己安排时间不容易提供了解决方法：必须允许自己至少留半个小时，即使是零碎的时间也可以。故选D项。 【58题详解】 上文“In addition to that, setting boundaries is important.（除此之外，设定界限也很重要）”说明了界限的重要性；E选项“Realize that there are limits to what you can do, and build your life around that.（你要意识到你能做的事情是有限的，然后围绕这一点来建立你的生活）”中“there are limits to what you can do”与上文的“boundaries”意义相近，都提到了界限，与上文呼应；同时E选项与下文“Also acknowledge that you need to limit the demands that other people can make on your time.（同时也要意识到你需要限制别人对你时间的要求）”也相呼应，同样提及界限；E选项起到承上启下的作用。故选E项。 【59题详解】 上文“Taking a little time for yourself refreshes and re-energizes you. It allows you to think more clearly and make better decisions.（给自己留点时间可以让自己恢复活力。它能让你思考得更清楚，做出更好的决定）”说明了给自己留时间的好处；C选项“Taking “me” time also builds your self-worth over time.（利用“自我”时间也能逐渐建立你的自我价值）”也说明了给自己留时间的好处（句中的“also”呼应上文），能够逐渐建立自己的自我价值；下文“If you engage in something you enjoy during your time-out, you also have the satisfaction of reading that book, or writing that poem. But be careful that you use your “me” time for leisurely activities and don’t push yourself to complete anything.（如果你在空闲时间从事一些你喜欢的事情，你也会从读那本书或写那首诗中获得满足。但是要注意，你要把你的“自我”时间用于休闲活动，不要强迫自己完成任何事情）”对C选项起到承接作用，说明了自我价值的建立应该做一些休闲，让自己享受时光的事情。故选C项。 第三部分：阅读回答问题（共4小题；第80/81题各2分，第82题3分，第83题5分，共12分）80-83题 阅读表达 Traci Ruble, a psychotherapist (心理治疗师), felt worried that people today were experiencing loneliness and a shortage of personal connections. She understood that with busy lives and challenging jobs, people were unable to make these connections. So on a spring day in 2015, Ruble and a small number of volunteers set up chairs on sidewalks in 12 locations around San Francisco, California and invited people passing by to sit for a few minutes and chat. This was the beginning of Sidewalk Talk, an organization whose mission is to create public spaces of connections where the people are. Today, the organization has more than 4,000 volunteers in 40 cities. Around 25 percent of the volunteers are licensed therapists (持证治疗师).They come from different backgrounds and are a mixed group. Volunteers receive training from the organization. Listening activities are held several times a month along with other organizations. In San Francisco, Sidewalk Talk partners with Lava Mae, a nongovernmental organization (NGO) that brings mobile showers to homeless people. Sidewalk Talk gives people a chance to speak and be listened to but it is not therapy, according to Ruble. “I’m not interacting as a therapist out there. I’m not there to solve someone’s problems,” she said. “I’m there to practice being human.” Ruble stressed that therapy is one-sided and that therapists are taught to avoid self-disclosure (自我表露) but by “being human” she could carry out interactions by sharing her own life and showing empathy (同感) with the people she talks with. According to a report, 31 percent of all Americans experience serious loneliness, including 61 percent of young adults. To fix that, rebuilding community relationships is very important. While listening activities will not solve the loneliness problem, these chats could help someone have a brighter day. Knowing that there are empathetic people who are willing to fully listen and share your feelings could make all the difference to a lonely person. 60. What is Traci Ruble’s worry about people nowadays? _______________________________________________________________________ 61. Why was Sidewalk Talk set up? _______________________________________________________________________ 62. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. In Ruble’s opinion, Sidewalk Talk gives people a chance to talk with therapists who can give them special treatment and solve their problems. _______________________________________________________________________ 63. In addition to rebuilding community relationships, what do you think are some other ways to solve the loneliness problem? (About 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】60. People were experiencing loneliness and a shortage of personal connections. 61. To create public spaces of connections where the people gather. 62. In Ruble’s opinion, Sidewalk Talk gives people a chance to talk with therapists who can give them special treatment and solve their problems. The reason is that while Sidewalk Talk may give people a chance to talk, Ruble says it is not therapy and she is not there to solve someone’s problems. Volunteers are there to practice being human and to listen and empathize with those they talk with, not to provide special treatment. 63. To solve the loneliness problem, we can establish more social groups and activities to encourage people to interact and communicate with each other. This can help people feel more connected and reduce their sense of isolation. 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇报道。文章主要报道了一名心理治疗师建立了一个名为“Sidewalk Talk”的组织，该组织在人们聚集的地方创造公共空间，从而给人们提供了一个说话和被倾听的机会。 【60题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Traci Ruble, a psychotherapist(心理治疗师), felt worried that people today were experiencing loneliness and a shortage of personal connections. She understood that with busy lives and challenging jobs, people were unable to make these connections.(心理治疗师Traci Ruble担心，今天的人们正在感到孤独，缺乏人际关系。她明白，忙碌的生活和富有挑战性的工作，人们无法建立这些联系)”可知，Traci Ruble担心如今的人感到孤独，缺乏人际关系。故答案为People were experiencing loneliness and a shortage of personal connections. 【61题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Traci Ruble, a psychotherapist(心理治疗师), felt worried that people today were experiencing loneliness and a shortage of personal connections. She understood that with busy lives and challenging jobs, people were unable to make these connections.(心理治疗师Traci Ruble担心，今天的人们正在感到孤独，缺乏人际关系。她明白，忙碌的生活和富有挑战性的工作，人们无法建立这些联系。)”可知，现在的人们正在感到孤独，缺乏人际关系，忙碌的生活和富有挑战性的工作让人们无法建立这些联系。再根据文章第二段“So on a spring day in 2015, Ruble and a small number of volunteers set up chairs on sidewalks in 12 locations around San Francisco, California and invited people passing by to sit for a few minutes and chat. This was the beginning of Sidewalk Talk, an organization whose mission is to create public spaces of connections where the people are.(因此，在2015年春天的一天，Ruble和少数志愿者在加利福尼亚州旧金山周围的12个地点的人行道上放置了椅子，并邀请路过的人坐下来聊几分钟。这就是“Sidewalk Talk”的开始，这个组织的使命是在人们聚集的地方创造公共空间)”，可知，Sidewalk Talk的开创是为了创造公共空间，供人们聊天，从而解决人们感到孤独、缺乏人际关系的问题。故答案为To create public spaces of connections where the people gather. 【62题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“Sidewalk Talk gives people a chance to speak and be listened to but it is not therapy, according to Ruble. “I’m not interacting as a therapist out there. I’m not there to solve someone’s problems,” she said. “I’m there to practice being human.”(Ruble说，“Sidewalk Talk”给人们提供了一个说话和被倾听的机会，但这不是治疗。“我不是在以治疗师的身份进行互动。我不是去解决别人的问题，我是来练习做人的。”她说。)”以及第六段“Ruble stressed that therapy is one-sided and that therapists are taught to avoid self-disclosure(自我表露)but by “being human” she could carry out interactions by sharing her own life and showing empathy(同感)with the people she talks with. (Ruble强调，治疗是片面的，治疗师被教导要避免自我表露，但通过“同为人”，她可以通过分享自己的生活和对她谈话的人表现出同情来进行互动。)”可知，在Ruble看来，Sidewalk Talk是为人们提供了一个机会让人们可以说话和被倾听，是一种互动而不是去解决问题。故答案为In Ruble’s opinion, Sidewalk Talk gives people a chance to talk with therapists who can give them special treatment and solve their problems. The reason is that while Sidewalk Talk may give people a chance to talk, Ruble says it is not therapy and she is not there to solve someone’s problems. Volunteers are there to practice being human and to listen and empathize with those they talk with, not to provide special treatment. 【63题详解】 开放题。要求考生谈谈如何解决孤独问题，考生言之有理即可。参考答案为To solve the loneliness problem, we can establish more social groups and activities to encourage people to interact and communicate with each other. This can help people feel more connected and reduce their sense of isolation. 听力 1-15. ABBCA CACBB CACAB 16. girls 17. July 18. 16 19. Hardworking 20. confident 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$