精品解析：山东省淄博市张店区淄博实验，十一中，五中，齐盛2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题

2024年淄博实验中学/齐盛高中高二年级第二学期期中英语试卷 2024.5.24 第I卷(共95分) 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will the man do next? A. Finish his drink. B. Prepaie for the party. C. Talk with the woman. 2. Where is Mr. Davies now? A. On his way to office. B. In his office. C. At home. 3 What does the man think of the woman’s worry? A. It’s reasonable. B. It’s unnecessary. C. It’s unbelievable. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a library. 5 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. High labor costs in America. B. A way of life in America. C. Living conditions in America. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Strangers. C. Colleagues. 7 How much money can the woman give the man? A. 1.20. B.1. C.0.20. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the man like traveling by train? A. He thinks it is safe. B. He can meet different people C. He can enjoy the scene outside. 9. What does the woman dislike about traveling by train? A. The speed. B. The noise. C. The platform. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. Why is the man upset? A. He has lost a long e-mail for his friend. B. He has lost an e-mail from his friend. C. He has quarreled with his friend. 11. What happened to Jack last month? A. He lost his mother’s necklace. B. He lost 200 dollars when shopping online. C. He was cheated by a seller online. 12. Whom was Jack asked to get help from? A. The express company clerk. B. The seller. C. The policeman. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13. How did the woman get the news? A From a doctor. B. From a biology teacher. C. From a newspaper article. 14. How should one react when facing a lion? A. Stand still. B. Run fast. C. Climb on a tree. 15. Why didn’t anyone help the British student? A. The lions had already run away. B. The attack happened too suddenly. C. No one heard him call for help. 16. How does the company avoid paying compensation if a lion attack happens? A. They take their clients to court. B. They hire professional trip guides. C. They ask their clients to sign legal papers. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. How did the speaker go to the Waterside Shopping Center last week? A. By train. B. By bus. C. By car. 18. What can people do on the third level? A. Choose shoes. B. Have meals. C. Withdraw money. 19. What advice does the speaker give to people who will go to the center? A. Collect money before going there. B. Arrive there earlier on weekends. C. Ask for a map at the information desk. 20. What is one of the disadvantages of the Waterside Shopping Center? A. There are few rubbish boxes. B. The lunch in the cafe is awful. C. The salespeople there are unfriendly 第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。 A At The Rachael Ray FoundationTM (RRF), we’re pretty big animal lovers. As a part of our work, we support a wide variety of organizations that do good for animals, from rescue to care and more. Get to know a few of them and the work we do together. Pittsburgh Aviation Animal Rescue Team RRF helped enable Pittsburgh Aviation Animal Rescue Team (PAART) to purchase a new and bigger plane for its rescue missions which bring animals from danger to safety. Whether it be flying dogs in overcrowded shelters to new homes, saving animals caught in the path of natural disasters, or bringing supplies to shelters in need, the brave PAART pilots are always ready to help. National Disaster Search Dog Foundation National Disaster Search Dog Foundation (SDF) works to find and train shelter dogs who have the talent and drive to become search and rescue animals. RRF supports SDF’s efforts to identify and transform rescued dogs into rescuers, to provide lifetime care for these dogs and to find homes for all dogs who enter the SDF training program. Rachael Ray Save Them All Grants This is a program administered by Best Friends Animal Society (BFAS) to support Best Friends’ network partners in their lifesaving efforts. The money has been awarded to organizations across the country to fund initiatives such as adoption drives and shelter intake prevention efforts. North Shore Animal League America Disaster Relief Grants This program, administered by North Shore Animal League America (NSALA), provides money for animal welfare organizations impacted by disasters. RRF is proud to help NSALA in its efforts to identify needs in disaster situations and provide targeted, effective relief. 1. What is special about PAART? A. It provides necessities for-animals in need. B. It conducts animal rescue missions by plane. C. It is supported by the Rachael Ray Foundation. D. It assists in finding adopters for rescued animals. 2. Which organization is devoted to training shelter animals to do rescue work? A. SDF. B. BFAS. C. PAART. D. NSALA. 3. What do the last two programs have in common? A. They both strongly promote animal adoption. B. They are both in charge of Best Friends Animal Society. C. They both provide financial assistance to animal welfare initiatives. D. They are both administered by welfare organizations impacted by disasters. B In 2018, the state of California was on fire. Alexandria Villasenor, who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern California’s Camp Fire, which would go on to burn more than 150,000 acres of land. Villasenor was scared. “That’s when I found out how important climate education was,” she reflected. “And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years.” Villasenor, now 15, is determined to have a bigger conversation. She quickly realized the fight requires international, government-level changes. For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations’ New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. She sat on a bench in front of the headquarters, pleading for the world’s leaders to take climate change seriously. Her action received national attention, with millions of other students around the world joining in the movement. “It’s completely unacceptable to not learn anything about our planet and our environment in school, after all the young people would ‘inherit’ the Earth.” Villasenor said, “That’s why I think that climate education is so important, and that’s why I focus a lot on it now.” Right now Villasenor is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. She even spoke at the 2020 Democratic National Convention. “That was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists,” Villasenor said. When she isn’t connecting with her fellow youth activists or holding elected officials accountable to the climate concerns of their young voters, Villasenor is like most other teens. “My favorite thing to do, of course, is sleep.” she said. “I like to read a lot. I like fantasy books, normally. I also like to write.” 4. What made Villasenor realize the lack of climate education? A. The state of California. B. The fire disasters in America. C. 150, 000 acres of land scaring her. D. The severe Camp fire in California. 5. What does the underlined part “have a bigger conversation” mean? A. To talk with more local people to change their mind. B. To convey her belief loudly to more global students. C. To protest to leaders at home and abroad to make changes. D. To call on local people to fight with the leaders. 6. Which of the following facts gives Villasenor a sense of achievement? A. That she is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan. B. That her and other youth climate activists’ opinions caught people’s attention. C. That she can sleep and read in her spare time. D. That more schools have set up climate courses. 7. What is this passage mainly about? A. The 15-year-old activist fighting for better climate education. B. Climate education deserves everyone’s attention around the world. C. How to prevent camp fire. D. Young activists make their voices heard. C On Christmas Eve, a team of reindeer (驯鹿) will help Santa Claus deliver gifts to children all around the world. The reindeer, led by their fearless leader Rudolph, won’t be the only ones doing something special. Back in the highest Arctic, their cousins have a remarkable ability changing their eye color. During the summer months, when the days are long and the sun is bright, reindeer’s tapetum lucidum (荧光膜), a mirror-like layer at the back of their eye, appears golden, which helps bounce the majority of light off the eyes, effectively acting like a pair of natural sunglasses. As winter comes, and the days become shorter and darker, the tapetum lucidum turns blue to absorb more light, allowing reindeer to improve their night vision and see clear in low light conditions. With these adaptations, reindeer can adapt and thrive in one of the harshest environments on Earth. Unlike humans, reindeer can see well into the shorter Ultra Violet (UV) range. This UV vision enables them to spot food and predators more effectively in the snowy landscape. Lichens, a key part of their winter diet, absorb UV, so they show up dark against UV-reflecting white snow. Wolf and polar bear fur also absorb UV, so instead of disappearing against snow they pop out in high contrast, allowing reindeer to spot potential threats from a distance. Reindeer change their eyes by adjusting their tapetum lucidum, which is made of collagen fibers. In winter, the collagen fibers become packed tighter, causing the tapetum lucidum to mainly reflect blue light. This change happens when reindeer dilate their pupils (瞳孔). In summer, the reindeer’s pupils return to a smaller size, which helps reindeer reduce the amount of light entering the eye. But their unique adaptation may hurt them. Today, the increasing use of artificial lighting, especially during the winter months, poses a potential threat to their sensitive eyes. It can make reindeer lose their way, affecting their ability to survive in their challenging environment. So it is crucial for us to be mindful of our use of electricity and make efforts to minimize light pollution to ensure the well-being and survival of these magnificent creatures. 8. What do we know from paragraph 2? A. The shape of reindeer’s eyes varies with seasons. B. It is difficult for reindeer to live in low light conditions. C. The tapetum lucidum helps reindeer adapt to seasonal changes. D. Reindeer’s eyes appear golden in winter while blue in summer. 9. What is the use of UV vision for reindeer? A. To help them see clear in dark nights. B. To distinguish food of different colors quickly. C. To protect their eyes from harsh sunlight in summer. D. To better locate food and enemies during snowy days. 10. What does the underlined word “dilate” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Relax. B. Expand. C. Narrow. D. Hide. 11. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To call on people to protect reindeer from light pollution. B. To show the reasons for the decline in reindeer population. C. To present humans’ great efforts to reduce artificial lighting. D. To prove reindeer’s strong adaptability to harsh environments. D Many robots track objects by “sight”as they work with them, but optical (光学的) sensors can’t take in an item’s entire shape when it’s in the dark or partially blocked from view. Now a new low-cost technique lets a robotic hand “feel”an unfamiliar object’s form- and skillfully handle it based on this information alone. University of California, San Diego, roboticist Wang Xiaolong and his team wanted to find out whether complex actions could be achieved in robotics using only simple touch data. The researchers attached 16 contact sensors, each costing about and fingers of a four-fingered robot hand. These sensors simply indicate if an object is touching the hand or not. “While one sensor doesn’t catch much, a lot of them can help you capture different aspects of the object”, Wang says. In this case, the robot’s task was to rotate (旋转) items placed in its palm. They first ran simulations (模拟) to collect enough touch data as a virtual robot hand practiced rotating objects, including balls and other irregular objects. Using information from each sensor, the team built a computer model that determines an object’s position at every step of the handling process and moves the fingers to rotate it smoothly and stably. Next, they transferred this capability to operate a real robot hand, which successfully controlled previously unfamiliar objects such as apples, tomatoes, soup cans and rubber ducks. Transfering the computer model to the real world was relatively easy because the sensor data were so simple. However, New York University’s Lerrel Pinto, who studies robots’ interactions, wonders whether the system would fail at more complicated tasks. So, in future work, Wang’s group aims to tackle more complex movements as well as to add sensors in places such as the sides of the fingers. “This means that there will be more accurate information from touching that allows reconstructing the object shape,”Wang says. The researchers will also try adding vision to complement touch data for handling complicated shapes. 12. Why did Wang Xiaolong’s group conduct the research? A. To develop a robot with advanced optical sensors. B. To explore the use of touch data in complex robotic actions. C. To investigate the impact of lighting on robotic recognition. D. To create a robotic hand to take hold of familiar objects. 13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The function of robot hands in Wang’s research. B. The way that robot hands capture different objects. C. The type of contact sensors attached to the robot hand. D. The working principle of robot hands in Wang’s research. 14. How did the researchers gather touch data for the robotic hand’s training? A. They used real-world objects. B. They used complex optical sensors. C. They relied on vision-based technology. D. They conducted simulations with a robot hand. 15. What is Wang Xiaolong’s attitude towards Pinto’s concern over the system? A. In different. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Dismissive. 16. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was seven years old, my family moved from Mexico to America. In Mexico, I was a cheerful girl who loved making people laugh with my jokes and inventing fun games to play with my friends. However, when I arrived in America, I found it hard to fit in, and I became quieter. We lived in a small house with a modest yard where we grew vegetables—my responsibility. While I took pride in watching them grow, there were times when I dreamed of having a beautiful garden like my schoolmate Luella’s, with its delicate tulips (郁金香). Although Luella lived in the same neighborhood as me, we barely knew each other. It was after a tornado that Luella and I finally became close friends. The tornado struck on a Sunday afternoon.The gentle breeze transformed into a strong wind, and thick gray clouds filled the sky. Gradually, the tornado took shape, starting as a thin rope and growing into a large black funnel (漏斗). My entire family gathered in the bathroom, seeking shelter from the storm. Terrified, I sat close to my mom, knees in my chest. After the storm had passed, our worries and fears were replaced by relief that we were unharmed and that our house had remained undamaged. As I stepped outside, I witnessed the extent of the damage the tornado had caused to our neighborhood. Across the street, a tall tree had fallen, crushing Luella’s garden in front of her yellow house. We hurried over to check on it. Fortunately, her family seemed to be away at the time, and no one was injured. However, her once-beautiful garden was in ruins, with the fallen tree destroying the tulips and debris (碎片) spread everywhere. I could only imagine how heartbroken they must feel seeing this. Then my mom’s usual words rang in my ear, “It is more blessed to give than to receive,” and my family started to think about how we could help. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just at that moment, Luella’s family returned in their car. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Even after the debris was cleared, I could still sense Luella’s sorrow for her lost garden. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。 I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift. I took a ___17___ as the snowstorm was approaching. Then the snow started and was coming down ___18___. Within minutes I was in a whiteout.The windows were ___19___ and getting covered with snow, so I slowed down and rolled down my driver's side window, thinking I could better ___20___ the road edge and keep to a straight line. But really, I had no ___21___ where I was. I stopped and kept the car running to stay___22___. I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night. The call left me in ___23___. Breathe, I told myself. An idea occurred to me. I ___24___ my location online and explained what I was ___25___, wishing for anyone to come to my rescue. Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post. I got a ____26____ from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby. I had never been more ____27____. Then I saw a big ____28____ in the dark. He had walked about 500 metres to get me, ____29____ the wind and snow each step of the way. “You’ll be OK. Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the ____30____. I drove slowly behind him. When we reached his house,I burst into tears of ____31____. 17. A. shortcut B. turn C. look D. risk 18. A. soon B. fast C. lightly D. suddenly 19. A. locked B. closed C. frozen D. broken 20. A. follow B. cover C. mark D. remember 21. A. plan B. clue C. doubt D. problem 22. A. awake B. calm C. warm D. still 23. A. confusion B. trouble C. embarrassment D. panic 24. A. confirmed B. found C. posted D. checked 25. A. looking at B. going through C. searching for D. carrying out 26. A. tip B. comment C. like D. message 27. A. inspired B. relieved C. convinced D. amazed 28. A. policeman B. creature C. shadow D. figure 29. A. fighting B. avoiding C. checking D. reporting 30. A. goal B. danger C. depth D. direction 31. A. hope B. love C. gratitude D. pride 第Ⅱ卷(共55分) 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tang Yan gave up a promising career in 1992 to save an almost lost art-that of “Beijing silk figurine (北京绢人)”. In 1997, she established a studio with five other enthusiasts. Then they spent ____32____ entire year making several figurines, only to find there was no market for their products. “A figurine could cost potentially the annual salary of many people at the time due to precious materials and ___33___ (demand) handicraft techniques.”Tang said, “Many potential customers were amazed by the beauty of our products, but their price ____34____ (drive) them away:” The first failure taught Tang ____35____ they needed: finding ways to reduce production costs. She made many creative and bold ____36____ (adapt) to the traditional figurines, like using machines to paint the clothes, ___37___ (cut) the price to less than a tenth of the original one. However, ____38____ (lend) the dolls a sense of delicacy and craftsmanship, she preserved several handmade processes for hair and makeup. After decades of whole-hearted devotion ____39____ the craft, Tang now runs her own Beijing figurine product brand Tang Wawa. “Girls in China need their own dolls. When I was little, dolls ____40____ (call) yangwawa, meaning Western dolls.”Tang continued.“I wanted to create dolls ___41___ (bear) a cultural connection to Chinese people, figurines with a rich historical implication.” 第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 42. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom准备组织暑期学生社会实践活动，向你寻求活动建议。请你写一封回信，内容包括：1. 活动内容；2. 活动意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 43. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did. So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try. I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年淄博实验中学/齐盛高中高二年级第二学期期中英语试卷 2024.5.24 第I卷(共95分) 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will the man do next? A. Finish his drink. B. Prepaie for the party. C. Talk with the woman. 2. Where is Mr. Davies now? A. On his way to office. B. In his office. C. At home. 3. What does the man think of the woman’s worry? A. It’s reasonable. B. It’s unnecessary. C. It’s unbelievable. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a bookstore. B. In a classroom. C. In a library. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. High labor costs in America. B. A way of life in America. C. Living conditions in America. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Strangers. C. Colleagues. 7. How much money can the woman give the man? A. 1.20. B.1. C.0.20. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the man like traveling by train? A. He thinks it is safe. B. He can meet different people C. He can enjoy the scene outside. 9. What does the woman dislike about traveling by train? A. The speed. B. The noise. C. The platform. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. Why is the man upset? A. He has lost a long e-mail for his friend. B. He has lost an e-mail from his friend. C. He has quarreled with his friend. 11. What happened to Jack last month? A. He lost his mother’s necklace. B. He lost 200 dollars when shopping online. C. He was cheated by a seller online. 12. Whom was Jack asked to get help from? A. The express company clerk. B. The seller. C. The policeman. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13. How did the woman get the news? A. From a doctor. B. From a biology teacher. C. From a newspaper article. 14. How should one react when facing a lion? A. Stand still. B. Run fast. C. Climb on a tree. 15. Why didn’t anyone help the British student? A. The lions had already run away. B. The attack happened too suddenly. C. No one heard him call for help. 16. How does the company avoid paying compensation if a lion attack happens? A. They take their clients to court. B. They hire professional trip guides. C. They ask their clients to sign legal papers. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. How did the speaker go to the Waterside Shopping Center last week? A. By train. B. By bus. C. By car. 18. What can people do on the third level? A. Choose shoes. B. Have meals. C. Withdraw money. 19. What advice does the speaker give to people who will go to the center? A. Collect money before going there. B. Arrive there earlier on weekends. C. Ask for a map at the information desk. 20. What is one of the disadvantages of the Waterside Shopping Center? A. There are few rubbish boxes. B. The lunch in the cafe is awful. C. The salespeople there are unfriendly 第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。 A At The Rachael Ray FoundationTM (RRF), we’re pretty big animal lovers. As a part of our work, we support a wide variety of organizations that do good for animals, from rescue to care and more. Get to know a few of them and the work we do together. Pittsburgh Aviation Animal Rescue Team RRF helped enable Pittsburgh Aviation Animal Rescue Team (PAART) to purchase a new and bigger plane for its rescue missions which bring animals from danger to safety. Whether it be flying dogs in overcrowded shelters to new homes, saving animals caught in the path of natural disasters, or bringing supplies to shelters in need, the brave PAART pilots are always ready to help. National Disaster Search Dog Foundation National Disaster Search Dog Foundation (SDF) works to find and train shelter dogs who have the talent and drive to become search and rescue animals. RRF supports SDF’s efforts to identify and transform rescued dogs into rescuers, to provide lifetime care for these dogs and to find homes for all dogs who enter the SDF training program. Rachael Ray Save Them All Grants This is a program administered by Best Friends Animal Society (BFAS) to support Best Friends’ network partners in their lifesaving efforts. The money has been awarded to organizations across the country to fund initiatives such as adoption drives and shelter intake prevention efforts. North Shore Animal League America Disaster Relief Grants This program, administered by North Shore Animal League America (NSALA), provides money for animal welfare organizations impacted by disasters. RRF is proud to help NSALA in its efforts to identify needs in disaster situations and provide targeted, effective relief. 1. What is special about PAART? A. It provides necessities for-animals in need. B. It conducts animal rescue missions by plane. C. It is supported by the Rachael Ray Foundation. D. It assists in finding adopters for rescued animals. 2. Which organization is devoted to training shelter animals to do rescue work? A. SDF. B. BFAS. C. PAART. D. NSALA. 3. What do the last two programs have in common? A. They both strongly promote animal adoption. B. They are both in charge of Best Friends Animal Society. C. They both provide financial assistance to animal welfare initiatives. D. They are both administered by welfare organizations impacted by disasters. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。这篇文章主要介绍了Rachael Ray Foundation工作以及他们与一些动物救助组织合作的情况。他们支持各种不同的组织，从营救行动到照顾等等，努力为动物提供保护和帮助。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pittsburgh Aviation Animal Rescue Team部分中“RRF helped enable Pittsburgh Aviation Animal Rescue Team (PAART) to purchase a new and bigger plane for its rescue missions which bring animals from danger to safety. (RRF帮助匹兹堡航空动物救援队(PAART)购买了一架更大的新飞机，用于将动物从危险地带带到安全地带的救援任务。)”可知，PAART通过飞机执行动物救援任务。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据National Disaster Search Dog Foundation部分中“National Disaster Search Dog Foundation (SDF) works to find and train shelter dogs who have the talent and drive to become search and rescue animals. (国家灾难搜索犬基金会(SDF)致力于寻找和训练有天赋和动力成为搜索和救援动物的收容所狗。)”可知，SDF致力于寻找和训练有天赋和动力成为搜索和救援动物的收容所狗。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Rachael Ray Save Them All Grants部分中“The money has been awarded to organizations across the country to fund initiatives such as adoption drives and shelter intake prevention efforts.(这笔钱已被授予全国各地的组织，用于资助收养运动和预防收容工作等举措。)”以及North Shore Animal League America Disaster Relief Grants部分中“This program, administered by North Shore Animal League America (NSALA), provides money for animal welfare organizations impacted by disasters. (这个项目由美国北岸动物联盟(NSALA)管理，为受灾害影响的动物福利组织提供资金。)”可知，这两个项目都为动物福利倡议提供财政援助。故选C。 B In 2018, the state of California was on fire. Alexandria Villasenor, who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern California’s Camp Fire, which would go on to burn more than 150,000 acres of land. Villasenor was scared. “That’s when I found out how important climate education was,” she reflected. “And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years.” Villasenor, now 15, is determined to have a bigger conversation. She quickly realized the fight requires international, government-level changes. For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations’ New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education. She sat on a bench in front of the headquarters, pleading for the world’s leaders to take climate change seriously. Her action received national attention, with millions of other students around the world joining in the movement. “It’s completely unacceptable to not learn anything about our planet and our environment in school, after all the young people would ‘inherit’ the Earth.” Villasenor said, “That’s why I think that climate education is so important, and that’s why I focus a lot on it now.” Right now, Villasenor is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan, which has promised to center the needs of young people and communities most impacted by climate change. She even spoke at the 2020 Democratic National Convention. “That was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists,” Villasenor said. When she isn’t connecting with her fellow youth activists or holding elected officials accountable to the climate concerns of their young voters, Villasenor is like most other teens. “My favorite thing to do, of course, is sleep.” she said. “I like to read a lot. I like fantasy books, normally. I also like to write.” 4. What made Villasenor realize the lack of climate education? A. The state of California. B. The fire disasters in America. C. 150, 000 acres of land scaring her. D. The severe Camp fire in California. 5. What does the underlined part “have a bigger conversation” mean? A. To talk with more local people to change their mind. B To convey her belief loudly to more global students. C. To protest to leaders at home and abroad to make changes. D. To call on local people to fight with the leaders. 6. Which of the following facts gives Villasenor a sense of achievement? A. That she is working with the Biden-Harris administration on its climate plan. B. That her and other youth climate activists’ opinions caught people’s attention. C. That she can sleep and read in her spare time. D. That more schools have set up climate courses. 7. What is this passage mainly about? A. The 15-year-old activist fighting for better climate education. B. Climate education deserves everyone’s attention around the world. C. How to prevent camp fire. D. Young activists make their voices heard. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是15岁的Alexandria Villasenor为更好的气候教育而不断斗争的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段中的“Alexandria Villasenor, who was 13 at the time, witnessed the destruction of Northern California’s Camp Fire, which would go on to burn more than 150,000 acres of land. Villasenor was scared. “That’s when I found out how important climate education was,” she reflected.(当时13岁的Alexandria Villasenor目睹了北加州营火的毁灭，这场大火烧毁了超过15万英亩的土地。Villasenor吓坏了。“那时我才意识到气候教育是多么重要，”她回忆道。)”可知， Alexandria在13岁的时候目睹的那场大火，让她意识到了气候教育的重要性，由此可知，加州的那次严重的大火让她意识到气候教育的缺乏。故选D项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线句子后的“She quickly realized the fight requires international, government-level changes. For her, what started as local concern turned into a year-long protest in front of the United Nations’ New York City headquarters and a global campaign for more compulsory climate education.(她很快意识到，这场斗争需要国际层面的、政府层面的变革。对她来说，一开始只是当地的关注，后来演变成了在联合国纽约总部门前长达一年的抗议活动，以及一场要求加强气候义务教育的全球运动。)”可知，这场战斗一开始得到了当地的关注，但她认识到这场战斗需要的是国际性的，政府层面的变化，所以出现了对联合国总部前的长达一年的抗议活动以及要求强制性气候教育的全球运动，由此可推断，划线句子中所提到的“更大的对话”应该是让国内外的领导人对气候教育做出改变。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的““That was definitely a huge moment when I realized that people were listening to the voices of me and youth climate activists,” Villasenor said.( Villasenor说：“当我意识到人们正在倾听我和青年气候活动家的声音时，这绝对是一个重大时刻。”)”可知，Villasenor认为人们关注了自己与青年气候活动家的呼声是个重大的时刻，由此可知，她和其他青年气候活动家的观点引起人们的注意使她有一种成就感。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段中的““That’s when I found out how important climate education was,” she reflected. “And just how much we lacked climate education these past couple of years.”(“就在那时，我发现了气候教育的重要性，”她回忆道。“以及过去几年我们多么缺乏气候教育。”.)”引出本文要讲述的话题，结合下文对Villasenor为了让国内外的领导人对气候教育引起重视而采取的行动以及所取得成就的介绍可知，本文主要讲述的是Villasenor为了更好的气候教育而进行的斗争。故选A项。 C On Christmas Eve, a team of reindeer (驯鹿) will help Santa Claus deliver gifts to children all around the world. The reindeer, led by their fearless leader Rudolph, won’t be the only ones doing something special. Back in the highest Arctic, their cousins have a remarkable ability changing their eye color. During the summer months, when the days are long and the sun is bright, reindeer’s tapetum lucidum (荧光膜), a mirror-like layer at the back of their eye, appears golden, which helps bounce the majority of light off the eyes, effectively acting like a pair of natural sunglasses. As winter comes, and the days become shorter and darker, the tapetum lucidum turns blue to absorb more light, allowing reindeer to improve their night vision and see clear in low light conditions. With these adaptations, reindeer can adapt and thrive in one of the harshest environments on Earth. Unlike humans, reindeer can see well into the shorter Ultra Violet (UV) range. This UV vision enables them to spot food and predators more effectively in the snowy landscape. Lichens, a key part of their winter diet, absorb UV, so they show up dark against UV-reflecting white snow. Wolf and polar bear fur also absorb UV, so instead of disappearing against snow they pop out in high contrast, allowing reindeer to spot potential threats from a distance. Reindeer change their eyes by adjusting their tapetum lucidum, which is made of collagen fibers. In winter, the collagen fibers become packed tighter, causing the tapetum lucidum to mainly reflect blue light. This change happens when reindeer dilate their pupils (瞳孔). In summer, the reindeer’s pupils return to a smaller size, which helps reindeer reduce the amount of light entering the eye. But their unique adaptation may hurt them. Today, the increasing use of artificial lighting, especially during the winter months, poses a potential threat to their sensitive eyes. It can make reindeer lose their way, affecting their ability to survive in their challenging environment. So it is crucial for us to be mindful of our use of electricity and make efforts to minimize light pollution to ensure the well-being and survival of these magnificent creatures. 8. What do we know from paragraph 2? A. The shape of reindeer’s eyes varies with seasons. B. It is difficult for reindeer to live in low light conditions. C. The tapetum lucidum helps reindeer adapt to seasonal changes. D. Reindeer’s eyes appear golden in winter while blue in summer. 9. What is the use of UV vision for reindeer? A. To help them see clear in dark nights. B. To distinguish food of different colors quickly. C. To protect their eyes from harsh sunlight in summer. D. To better locate food and enemies during snowy days. 10. What does the underlined word “dilate” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Relax. B. Expand. C. Narrow. D. Hide. 11. What is the purpose of the last paragraph? A. To call on people to protect reindeer from light pollution. B To show the reasons for the decline in reindeer population. C. To present humans’ great efforts to reduce artificial lighting. D. To prove reindeer’s strong adaptability to harsh environments. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北极驯鹿的眼睛会随着季节变化而改变颜色，从而适应环境中的光线量，而且它们拥有紫外线视觉，能够在雪地中更好地发现食物和天敌，但是人工照明的使用对驯鹿敏感的眼睛构成了潜在的威胁，我们应当保护驯鹿免受光污染。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“During the summer months, when the days are long and the sun is bright, reindeer’s tapetum lucidum (荧光膜), a mirror-like layer at the back of their eye, appears golden, which helps bounce the majority of light off the eyes, effectively acting like a pair of natural sunglasses. As winter comes, and the days become shorter and darker, the tapetum lucidum turns blue to absorb more light, allowing reindeer to improve their night vision and see clear in low light conditions. (在夏季的几个月里，白天变长，阳光充足，驯鹿眼睛后部的镜面状的荧光膜呈现出金色，有助于反射眼睛上的大部分光线，有效地起到一副天然太阳镜的作用。随着冬天的到来，白天变短变暗，荧光膜变成蓝色以吸收更多的光线，这使得驯鹿能够提高他们的夜视能力，在弱光条件下也能看得更清楚)”可知，夏季阳光充足时驯鹿眼睛中的荧光膜呈金色，反射大部分光线，冬季阳光减少时荧光膜呈蓝色，吸收更多的光线。由此可知，荧光膜帮助驯鹿适应季节变化。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This UV vision enables them to spot food and predators more effectively in the snowy landscape. (这种紫外线视觉使它们能够在雪地里更有效地发现食物和捕食者)”可知，紫外线视觉让驯鹿在雪天更好地定位食物和天敌。故选D项。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文“In winter, the collagen fibers become packed tighter, causing the tapetum lucidum to mainly reflect blue light. (在冬天，胶原纤维变得更紧，导致荧光膜主要反射蓝光)”和下文“In summer, the reindeer’s pupils return to a smaller size, which helps reindeer reduce the amount of light entering the eye. (在夏天，驯鹿的瞳孔会变小，这有助于驯鹿减少进入眼睛的光线量)”可知，此处描述驯鹿眼睛中荧光膜在冬季和夏季的工作机制，夏季时瞳孔会变小，减少进入眼睛的光线量。由此推知，冬天瞳孔会变大，增加进入眼睛的光线量，dilate意思应该是“扩大”，与expand意思相近。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Today, the increasing use of artificial lighting, especially during the winter months, poses a potential threat to their sensitive eyes. It can make reindeer lose their way, affecting their ability to survive in their challenging environment. So it is crucial for us to be mindful of our use of electricity and make efforts to minimize light pollution to ensure the well-being and survival of these magnificent creatures. (如今，人工照明的使用越来越多，尤其是在冬季，这对它们敏感的眼睛构成了潜在的威胁。它会使驯鹿迷失方向，影响它们在恶劣环境中的生存能力。因此，对我们来说至关重要的是要注意我们的用电，努力减少光污染，以确保这些出色生物的健康和生存)”可推知，本段主要说明人工照明的使用对驯鹿敏感的眼睛构成了潜在的威胁，呼吁我们保护驯鹿免受光污染。故选A项。 D Many robots track objects by “sight”as they work with them, but optical (光学的) sensors can’t take in an item’s entire shape when it’s in the dark or partially blocked from view. Now a new low-cost technique lets a robotic hand “feel”an unfamiliar object’s form- and skillfully handle it based on this information alone. University of California, San Diego, roboticist Wang Xiaolong and his team wanted to find out whether complex actions could be achieved in robotics using only simple touch data. The researchers attached 16 contact sensors, each costing about and fingers of a four-fingered robot hand. These sensors simply indicate if an object is touching the hand or not. “While one sensor doesn’t catch much, a lot of them can help you capture different aspects of the object”, Wang says. In this case, the robot’s task was to rotate (旋转) items placed in its palm. They first ran simulations (模拟) to collect enough touch data as a virtual robot hand practiced rotating objects, including balls and other irregular objects. Using information from each sensor, the team built a computer model that determines an object’s position at every step of the handling process and moves the fingers to rotate it smoothly and stably. Next, they transferred this capability to operate a real robot hand, which successfully controlled previously unfamiliar objects such as apples, tomatoes, soup cans and rubber ducks. Transfering the computer model to the real world was relatively easy because the sensor data were so simple. However, New York University’s Lerrel Pinto, who studies robots’ interactions, wonders whether the system would fail at more complicated tasks. So, in future work, Wang’s group aims to tackle more complex movements as well as to add sensors in places such as the sides of the fingers. “This means that there will be more accurate information from touching that allows reconstructing the object shape,”Wang says. The researchers will also try adding vision to complement touch data for handling complicated shapes. 12. Why did Wang Xiaolong’s group conduct the research? A. To develop a robot with advanced optical sensors. B. To explore the use of touch data in complex robotic actions. C. To investigate the impact of lighting on robotic recognition. D. To create a robotic hand to take hold of familiar objects. 13. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The function of robot hands in Wang’s research. B. The way that robot hands capture different objects. C. The type of contact sensors attached to the robot hand. D. The working principle of robot hands in Wang’s research. 14. How did the researchers gather touch data for the robotic hand’s training? A. They used real-world objects. B. They used complex optical sensors. C. They relied on vision-based technology. D. They conducted simulations with a robot hand. 15. What is Wang Xiaolong’s attitude towards Pinto’s concern over the system? A. In different. B. Doubtful. C. Positive. D. Dismissive. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍的是一项新的低成本技术可以让机器人手“感觉”一个不熟悉的物体的形状，并根据这些信息就能熟练地处理它。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“University of California, San Diego, roboticist Wang Xiaolong and his team wanted to find out whether complex actions could be achieved in robotics using only simple touch data.(加州大学圣地亚哥分校的机器人专家王晓龙和他的团队想要弄清楚，仅仅使用简单的触摸数据，机器人是否就能完成复杂的动作)”可知，王晓龙的团队进行这项研究是为了探索触摸数据在复杂机器人动作中的运用。故选B。 【13题详解】 段落大意题。根据第三段的“The researchers attached 16 contact sensors, each costing about and fingers of a four-fingered robot hand. These sensors simply indicate if an object is touching the hand or not. “While one sensor doesn’t catch much, a lot of them can help you capture different aspects of the object”, Wang says. In this case, the robot’s task was to rotate items placed in its palm.(研究人员安装了16个接触式传感器，每个传感器的成本约为四指机器人手的两根手指。这些传感器只是指示一个物体是否接触到手。“虽然一个传感器不能捕捉到很多，但很多传感器可以帮助你捕捉物体的不同方面，”王说。在这种情况下，机器人的任务是旋转放在手掌中的物品) ”可知，该段主要介绍模拟实验中安装了接触式传感器的机械手臂的工作原理。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“They first ran simulations to collect enough touch data as a virtual robot hand practiced rotating objects, including balls and other irregular objects. Using information from each sensor, the team built a computer model that determines an object’s position at every step of the handling process and moves the fingers to rotate it smoothly and stably.(他们首先进行模拟，以收集足够的触摸数据，让虚拟机器人手练习旋转物体，包括球和其他不规则物体。利用来自每个传感器的信息，该团队建立了一个计算机模型，该模型可以在处理过程的每一步确定物体的位置，并移动手指以平稳地旋转物体)”可知，研究者们是通过模拟实验来搜集数据的。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“So, in future work, Wang’s group aims to tackle more complex movements as well as to add sensors in places such as the sides of the fingers. “This means that there will be more accurate information from touching that allows reconstructing the object shape,”Wang says. The researchers will also try adding vision to complement touch data for handling complicated shapes.(因此，在未来的工作中，王的团队的目标是解决更复杂的运动，并在手指侧面等地方添加传感器。王说：“这意味着通过触摸可以获得更准确的信息，从而可以重建物体的形状。”研究人员还将尝试添加视觉来补充触摸数据，以处理复杂的形状)”可知，其他同行对于他们的研究现状有担忧，王晓龙计划在未来的工作中解决更复杂的问题，即他和他的团队选择以积极的态度去应对，进一步进行模拟实验，完善他们的数据。故选C。 16. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was seven years old, my family moved from Mexico to America. In Mexico, I was a cheerful girl who loved making people laugh with my jokes and inventing fun games to play with my friends. However, when I arrived in America, I found it hard to fit in, and I became quieter. We lived in a small house with a modest yard where we grew vegetables—my responsibility. While I took pride in watching them grow, there were times when I dreamed of having a beautiful garden like my schoolmate Luella’s, with its delicate tulips (郁金香). Although Luella lived in the same neighborhood as me, we barely knew each other. It was after a tornado that Luella and I finally became close friends. The tornado struck on a Sunday afternoon.The gentle breeze transformed into a strong wind, and thick gray clouds filled the sky. Gradually, the tornado took shape, starting as a thin rope and growing into a large black funnel (漏斗). My entire family gathered in the bathroom, seeking shelter from the storm. Terrified, I sat close to my mom, knees in my chest. After the storm had passed, our worries and fears were replaced by relief that we were unharmed and that our house had remained undamaged. As I stepped outside, I witnessed the extent of the damage the tornado had caused to our neighborhood. Across the street, a tall tree had fallen, crushing Luella’s garden in front of her yellow house. We hurried over to check on it. Fortunately, her family seemed to be away at the time, and no one was injured. However, her once-beautiful garden was in ruins, with the fallen tree destroying the tulips and debris (碎片) spread everywhere. I could only imagine how heartbroken they must feel seeing this. Then my mom’s usual words rang in my ear, “It is more blessed to give than to receive,” and my family started to think about how we could help. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Just at that moment, Luella’s family returned in their car. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Even after the debris was cleared, I could still sense Luella’s sorrow for her lost garden. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Just at that moment, Luella’s family returned in their car. Empathy surged within me as I saw the shock and disbelief on their faces. I couldn’t help but approach Luella, tightly holding her hands and saying, “I’m so sorry for your loss, but thankfully you’re all right.” She weakly nodded at me, still appearing puzzled by the devastating sight. My family volunteered to help hers clean up the mess, cutting down the branches and removing the fallen trees from the yard. To uplift Luella’s spirits and bring her comfort, I tried my best to cheer her up while tidying the garden with her, during which my own joyful personality seemed to revive a bit. Even after the debris was cleared, I could still sense Luella’s sorrow for her lost garden. My heart went out to her, knowing how much she had cherished those tulips that she had devoted so much energy to. Yet now, they were all gone. Determined to restore the beauty that once thrived, I suggested that we rebuild the garden. Luella agreed delightedly. With each bulb carefully planted and watered, the new tulip seedlings once again filled the garden, which symbolized the sprouting of a new friendship between us, as well as the turning that I finally got embraced by this new environment. My mom was right: it’s more blessed to give than to receive because when you give. You may receive something unexpected in return. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了作者七岁时从墨西哥搬到美国的生活经历。在墨西哥时，她是一个开朗的女孩，喜欢和朋友开玩笑和发明有趣的游戏。但到了美国后，她发现很难融入新环境，变得安静了许多。她和同学Luella住在同一个社区，但几乎不认识对方。直到一次龙卷风袭击后，作者和Luella才成为亲密的朋友。龙卷风造成了严重的破坏，特别是Luella美丽的花园被一棵倒下的树摧毁。作者受到妈妈“给予比接受更幸福”的话的启发，开始思考如何帮助Luella。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“就在这时，Luella的家人开着车回来了。”可知，第一段可描写作者安慰Luella并努力帮助它振作起来的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“即使在废墟被清理干净之后，我仍然能感觉到露埃拉对她失去的花园的悲伤。”可知，第二段可描写作者和Luella一起重建花园的经过以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：安慰Luella——帮忙收拾残局——建议重建花园——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 帮助：help/assist 自愿做某事：volunteer to do sth./be willing to do sth. 尽力做某事：try one’s best to do sth./spare no effort to do sth. 决定做某事：be determined to do sth./make up one’s mind to do sth. 情绪类 感谢地：thankfully/gratefully 高兴地：delightedly/cheerfully 【点睛】[高分句型1] My heart went out to her, knowing how much she had cherished those tulips that she had devoted so much energy to.（运用了现在分词作状语，how much引导宾语从句，that引导定语从句） [高分句型2] With each bulb carefully planted and watered, the new tulip seedlings once again filled the garden, which symbolized the sprouting of a new friendship between us, as well as the turning that I finally got embraced by this new environment.（运用了with的复合结构，which引导非限制性定语从句，that引导限制性定语从句） 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项。 I was heading home after giving my colleague a lift. I took a ___17___ as the snowstorm was approaching. Then the snow started and was coming down ___18___. Within minutes I was in a whiteout.The windows were ___19___ and getting covered with snow, so I slowed down and rolled down my driver's side window, thinking I could better ___20___ the road edge and keep to a straight line. But really, I had no ___21___ where I was. I stopped and kept the car running to stay___22___. I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night. The call left me in ___23___. Breathe I told myself. An idea occurred to me. I ___24___ my location online and explained what I was ___25___, wishing for anyone to come to my rescue. Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post. I got a ____26____ from someone who was going to put me in touch with people nearby. I had never been more ____27____. Then I saw a big ____28____ in the dark. He had walked about 500 metres to get me, ____29____ the wind and snow each step of the way. “You’ll be OK. Follow me.” He turned around and started to trudge through the snow, sure of the ____30____. I drove slowly behind him. When we reached his house,I burst into tears of ____31____. 17. A. shortcut B. turn C. look D. risk 18. A. soon B. fast C. lightly D. suddenly 19. A. locked B. closed C. frozen D. broken 20. A. follow B. cover C. mark D. remember 21. A. plan B. clue C. doubt D. problem 22. A. awake B. calm C. warm D. still 23. A. confusion B. trouble C. embarrassment D. panic 24. A. confirmed B. found C. posted D. checked 25 A. looking at B. going through C. searching for D. carrying out 26. A. tip B. comment C. like D. message 27. A. inspired B. relieved C. convinced D. amazed 28. A. policeman B. creature C. shadow D. figure 29. A. fighting B. avoiding C. checking D. reporting 30. A. goal B. danger C. depth D. direction 31. A. hope B. love C. gratitude D. pride 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。描述了作者在一场突如其来的暴风雪中迷路并被困在车中，随后通过社交媒体发出求救信号，最终得到一位陌生人在恶劣天气中的救援，并被引领至安全之地的经历。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：暴风雪就要来了，我抄了一条近路。A. shortcut近路；B. turn依次轮到的机会；C. look看；D. risk风险。根据下文“as the snowstorm was approaching(由于暴风雪即将来临)”及“But really, I had no__5__where I was.(但是，我真的不知道我在哪里)”可知，由于暴风雪即将来临，作者抄了一条近路，结果遇到了麻烦。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后雪开始下了，而且下得很快。A. soon不久；B. fast快；C. lightly轻松地；D. suddenly意外地。根据下文“Within minutes I was in a whiteout(几分钟内，我就陷入了一片白茫茫的大雪中)”可知，雪下得很快，故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：车窗被冻住了，被雪覆盖了，所以我放慢了速度，摇下了驾驶员侧的车窗，想着我可以更好地沿着路边，保持直线行驶。A. locked锁；B. closed关闭；C. frozen冻；D. broken破坏。根据下文“getting covered with snow(被雪覆盖了)”可知，此处说的是暴风雪中车窗的状态，分析待选项，C项“frozen冻”表示的含义符合语境，故选C项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. follow沿着；B. cover覆盖；C. mark标志着；D. remember记得。根据下文“the road edge and keep to a straight line(……路边，保持直线行驶)”可知，此处说的是沿着路边，故选A项。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，我真的不知道我在哪里。A. plan计划；B. clue线索；C. doubt怀疑；D. problem问题。根据下文“I stopped and kept the car running(我停下来，让车一直运转着)”以及“I called 911(我呼叫了911)”可知，作者因暴风雪迷路，不知道自己在哪里，故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我停下来，保持汽车运转以保暖。A. awake醒着的；B. calm镇静的；C. warm温暖的；D. still静止的。根据上文“I stopped and kept the car running(我停下来，保持汽车运转)”可知，作者停下来但保持汽车运转。由此可知，作者试图通过保持汽车运转的方式保暖，故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个电话让我惊慌失措。A. confusion困惑；B. trouble麻烦；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. panic恐慌。根据上文“I called 911.The operator told me to wait things out for the night(我拨打了911。接线员告诉我等待一夜，看看情况再说)”可知，作者向911求救，却被告知要等一晚上，感到惊慌失措，故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在网上发布了自己的位置，并解释了我所经历的一切，希望有人能来救我。A. confirmed证实；B. found发现；C. posted发帖子；D. checked检查。根据下文“Soon enough, people started chiming in on my post(很快，人们开始在我的帖子上留言)”可知，作者在网上发了帖子，故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. looking at看；B. going through经历；C. searching for查找；D. carrying out执行。根据下文“wishing for anyone to come to my rescue(希望有人能来救我)”可知，作者讲述的是自己经历的事情，故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我收到了一条信息，有人打算帮我联系附近的人。A. tip小费；B. comment评论；C. like爱好；D. message消息。根据下文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby(有人打算帮我联系附近的人)”可知，作者收到了一条消息，故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从未如此如释重负。A. inspired有创造力的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. convinced坚信的；D. amazed大为惊奇的。根据上文“who was going to put me in touch with people nearby(有人打算帮我联系附近的人)”可知，在困境中有陌生人试图帮助作者，使作者感到如释重负，故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我在黑暗中看到一个大身影。A. policeman警察；B. creature生物；C. shadow阴影；D. figure人影。根据下文“He had walked about 500 metres to get me(他走了大约500米来接我)”可知，此处上下文说的是人影，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他每走一步都在与风雪抗争，大约走了500米来找我。A. fighting与……作斗争；B. avoiding避免；C. checking检查；D. reporting报告。根据上文“Then the snow started and was coming down fast. Within minutes I was in a whiteout(然后雪开始下了，而且下得很快。几分钟内，我就陷入了一片白茫茫的大雪中)”可知，前来帮助作者的人顶着大风大雪前来，分析选项，A项“fighting与……作斗争”表达的含义符合语境，故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他转过身，开始在雪地里艰难地行走，确信自己的方向。A. goal目标；B. danger危险；C. depth深度；D. direction方向。根据下文“I drove slowly behind him(我在他身后慢慢地开)”可知，前来帮忙的人知道方向，所以作者跟着他开车，故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达他的家时，我感激地泪流满面。A. hope希望；B. love爱；C. gratitude感激；D. pride自豪。根据上文“But really, I had no clue where I was(但是，我真的不知道我在哪里)”以及“When we reached his house(当我们到达他的家时)”可知，作者在暴风雪中迷路，被陌生人帮助。由此可知，作者心怀感激，故选C项。 第Ⅱ卷(共55分) 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tang Yan gave up a promising career in 1992 to save an almost lost art-that of “Beijing silk figurine (北京绢人)”. In 1997, she established a studio with five other enthusiasts. Then they spent ____32____ entire year making several figurines, only to find there was no market for their products. “A figurine could cost potentially the annual salary of many people at the time due to precious materials and ___33___ (demand) handicraft techniques.”Tang said, “Many potential customers were amazed by the beauty of our products, but their price ____34____ (drive) them away:” The first failure taught Tang ____35____ they needed: finding ways to reduce production costs. She made many creative and bold ____36____ (adapt) to the traditional figurines, like using machines to paint the clothes, ___37___ (cut) the price to less than a tenth of the original one. However, ____38____ (lend) the dolls a sense of delicacy and craftsmanship, she preserved several handmade processes for hair and makeup. After decades of whole-hearted devotion ____39____ the craft, Tang now runs her own Beijing figurine product brand Tang Wawa. “Girls in China need their own dolls. When I was little, dolls ____40____ (call) yangwawa, meaning Western dolls.”Tang continued.“I wanted to create dolls ___41___ (bear) a cultural connection to Chinese people, figurines with a rich historical implication.” 【答案】32. an 33. demanding 34. drove 35. what 36. adaptations 37. cutting 38. to lend 39. to 40. were called 41. bearing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章详细描述了Tang Yan如何放弃有前途的事业，投身于拯救濒临失传的“北京绢人”艺术，并详细介绍了她在创业过程中所遇到的挑战和困难，以及她如何通过创新和改良来降低成本，并最终成功创建了自己的“唐娃娃”品牌。 【32题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然后他们花了整整一年的时间制作了几个小雕像，却发现他们的产品没有市场。year是可数名词单数，entire为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于材料昂贵，工艺技术要求高，一个小雕像的成本可能相当于当时许多人的年薪。需填入形容词作定语修饰名词短语handicraft techniques，需要的词义为“要求高的”，即demanding，故填demanding。 【34题详解】 考查时态。句意：许多潜在客户对我们产品的美丽感到惊讶，但它们的价格却把他们赶走了。本句是but连接的并列句，drive作后句的谓语动词，根据前文的“were amazed”可知叙述过去发生的事，drive用一般过去时，故填drove。 【35题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：第一次失败教会了唐他们所需要的：找到降低生产成本的方法。空处引导宾语从句，从句中needed缺少宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，应用what引导，故填what。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：她对传统的小雕像做了许多有创意和大胆的改编，比如用机器给衣服上色，把价格降到了原价的十分之一以下。此处应填名词作宾语，需要的词义为“改编”，即adaptation，根据many可知，adaptation用复数形式，故填adaptations。 【37题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：她对传统的小雕像做了许多有创意和大胆的改造，比如用机器给衣服上色，把价格降到了原价的十分之一以下。分析句子结构可知，cut在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“She made many creative and bold...to the traditional figurines, like using machines to paint the clothes”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填cutting。 【38题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：然而，为了给娃娃增添精致和工艺感，她保留了一些手工制作的发型和妆容。本句已有谓语动词preserved，所以lend用非谓语形式，根据句意，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语，故填to lend。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：经过几十年的全身心投入，唐现在经营着自己的北京绢人产品品牌“唐娃娃”。固定搭配devotion to意为“献身于”，故填to。 【40题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：当我还小的时候，娃娃被称为yangwawa，意思是西方娃娃。call作本句谓语动词，它和主语dolls(复数意义)之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据前文的was，可知用一般过去时，故填were called。 【41题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：我想制作与中国人有文化联系的娃娃，以及具有丰富历史内涵的绢人。本句已有谓语动词wanted，所以bear用非谓语形式，它和逻辑主语dolls之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作后置定语，故填bearing。 第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 42. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom准备组织暑期学生社会实践活动，向你寻求活动建议。请你写一封回信，内容包括：1. 活动内容；2. 活动意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, For your summer student social practice activity, I suggest organizing a community cleanup campaign. This involves students volunteering to clean up local parks, streets, or beaches. Not only does this help beautify the community, but it also raises awareness about environmental protection and the importance of keeping our surroundings clean. Additionally, it fosters a sense of responsibility and civic duty among the students, instilling values of environmental stewardship that they can carry forward into adulthood. I hope my suggestions will be of help to you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文写作。英国笔友Tom准备组织暑期学生社会实践活动，要求考生给他写一封建议信，内容包括活动内容和活动意义。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 建议： suggest →advise/propose 重要性：importance→significance 保护：protection→conservation 此外：additionally→in addition/besides/furthermore/moreover 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For your summer student social practice activity, I suggest organizing a community cleanup campaign.  拓展句：For your summer student social practice activity, I suggest a community cleanup campaign be organized.  【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only does this help beautify the community, but it also raises awareness about environmental protection and the importance of keeping our surroundings clean. (运用了“not only”位于句首引导的倒装句) 【高分句型2】Additionally, it fosters a sense of responsibility and civic duty among the students, instilling values of environmental stewardship that they can carry forward into adulthood. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 43. 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did. So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try. I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. “I knew you’d win! I am proud of you. You made it!” he said excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher. I said, “It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn’t have written this article. Again thank you very much!” I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands, he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing.” “You know I didn’t like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works.” I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上中学的时候，社会学老师邀请作者参加一个写作比赛。作者不喜欢写作，于是想都没想就拒绝了。但是在老师的鼓励下，作者同意试一试。作者在写作过程中虽然很累，但是没有放弃，坚持下来了。在作者最终完成写作时，作者感到写作让他很快乐，他已经不在乎输赢了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。”和第二段首句“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写作者获得比赛一等奖，在颁奖典礼上作者表达了对社会老师的感激。 ②由第二段首句内容“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第二段可描写老师鼓励作者继续写作，自此作者坚持写作取得了成功，作者将这一切归功于自己的老师。 2.续写线索：比赛消息传来——作者获奖——高兴——颁奖典礼感谢老师——颁奖后来到老师办公室——老师告诉作者坚持写作——作者表达了对写作的喜爱——作者写作取得了成功——感激老师 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①告知：inform/tell ②成功做到：make it/succeed ③表达：express/convey 情绪类 ①高兴的：happy/glad ②激动地：excitedly/with excitement 【点睛】[高分句型1] I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. （运用了由连接词that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2] It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher.（运用了强调句） [高分句型3] I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$