[中学联盟]山西省太谷县明星镇中学九年级英语下册Unit9（课件，5份）

Unit 9 When was it invented? was invented: 被发明 结构: be (am /is/are/was/were)+动词的过去分词 时态:被动语态 (the Passive Voice) 英语根据其谓语动词与主语的关系分为两种语 态即主动语态(The Active Voice)和被动语态 (the Passive Voice).主动语态表示主语是动作 执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 am/are /is +动词的过去分词 ： 一般现在时的被动语态 was/were +动词的过去分词 ：一般过去时的被动语态 Many people speak English.(主动语态) English is spoken by many people.(被动语态) The naughty boy broke the window yesterday.(主动语态) The window was broken ( by the naughty boy) yesterday.(被动语态) 主动句与被动句之间的转换 We bought some books. 主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语 Some books were bought ( by us ) 主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语 主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤： 1 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。 2 把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。 3 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 被动语态的几种句型 1 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…) A sweet song was sung by her on the stage. 2 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…) 3 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…) A sweet song wasn’t sung by her on the stage. Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage? 4 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…) Where was a sweet song sung by her? 练习一 请把下列的主动句变为被动句（注意时态的一致） 1 He wrote an article last week. An article was written by him last week. 2 The people make history. History is made by people. 3 Do people use Chinese only in China? Is Chinese used by people only in China? 4 They didn’t visit the city two years ago. The city wasn’t visited by them two years ago. 5 Where did you make them? Where were they made by you? 注意：在主动句中see ，watch ，hear，make 等后+宾语+动词原形的结构变为被 动句时一律在see ，watch ，hear， make等后加上to。 练习 1 We hear birds sing every mornin