暑假作业08 定语从句3（其他易错考点）-【暑假分层作业】2024年高一英语暑假培优练（人教版2019）

完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业08 定语从句3（其他易错考点） 关系代词whose,典型用法归纳 要点精讲1：关系代词whose的用法 1. whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物； 2. 有时用于“介词+whose+名词”结构； 3. whose+名词=the +名词+of whom/which=of whom/which+ the +名词。 Once there was a wise king whose name was Alfred. 从前有一个叫阿尔弗雷德的英国国王。（先行词是king，指人） The girl lives in the house, whose windows face south. 那个女孩住在这所房子里，房子的窗户是朝南开的。（先行词是house, 指物） Look at the building, whose roof=the roof of which=of which the roof is white. 看那栋楼,楼顶的颜色是白的。 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1. The building _________ doors are white is an office building. 2. He lives in the room, ________ window faces the south/ _____ ________ the window faces the south. 3. This is Mr Green, with ___________ help I’ve made great progress in English. 4.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. 5.Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 1. whose。句意：门是白色的那座建筑是一座办公楼。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是the building，指物，关系词在定语从句中作定语，表示所属关系，意为“……的”。故填whose。 2. whose; of which。whose window=the window of which。故答案是whose; of which。 3. with whose。With one’s help表示“在……帮助下”。故答案是with whose。 4. whose。whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人。故答案是whose。 5. whose。whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指物。故答案是whose。 关系代词as典型用法归纳 要点精讲1： 1. 用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，作从句的主语、宾语； 2. 用于such…as…, so…as…, the same…as…句型。注意区分定语从句和状语从句关键在于从句是否完整。 3. 注意the same…as…强调“和……是同一类”；the same…that…强调“和……是同一个”。 I never heard such stories as he tells．我从未听过像他讲的那种故事。 They have never read so many books as I read last year. 他们从来都没有读过像我去年读过的那些书。 This is the same dictionary as I lost yesterday. 这本词典和我昨天丢的那本一样。（不是同一本词典） He is the same boy that helped me yesterday.  他是昨天帮过我的那个男孩。（指同一个男孩） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1. Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit. 2. Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit it. 3. This is ______difficult a problem _____no one can work out. 4. This is ______difficult a problem _____no one can work it out. 5. My pen is missing. I’d like to buy the same pen _______I lost. 6. Jenny is so happy, for she has found the same pen ______ she lost yesterday. 1. as。such…as…构成限制性定语从句，从句缺少宾语。故答案是as。 2. that。such…that…构成结果状语从句，从句不缺少成分。故答案是that。 3. so; as。so…as…构成限制性定语从句，从句缺少宾语。故答案是so; as。 4. so; that。so…that…构成结果状语从句，从句不缺少成分。故答案是so; that。 5. as。the same…as…强调“和……是同一类，符合语境要求。故答案是as。 6. that。the same…that…强调“和……是同一个，符合语境要求。故答案是that。 要点精讲2： 1. as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从。 2. 位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。 3. 从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report等动词； 4. which和as用法区别： ①位置上：which从句只能位于主句之后，as从句位于主句的前、中、后； ②逻辑上：which强调前后不一；as强调前后逻辑一致，“正如”； ③句式上：which多用于“which+动词+宾语”句型；as多用于as we all know/see, as is often the case with sb等句型。 As is known to all, fish can’t live without water. 众所周知，鱼儿离不开水。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句首） The famous magician Liu Qian, as we all know, is from Taiwan. 众所周知，著名魔术师刘谦是台湾人。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句中） She has married again, as was expected. 不出所料，她又结婚了。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句末） As is often the case, girls like dolls while boys like guns. 女孩子喜欢玩具而男孩子喜欢枪，这是常见的情况。 He sold his new car, which made me surprised. 他把车卖掉，这让我很吃惊。 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1. He failed in the driving test again, _________surprised us all. 2. He failed in the driving test again, _________we had expected. 3. _________ is often the case with Jim, he was fined for speeding. 4. The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. 1. which。which引导非限制性定语从句，且多用于“which+动词+宾语”句型。故答案是which。 2. as。as引导非限制性定语从句强调前后逻辑一致，“正如”。故答案是as。 3. As。as is often the case with sb引导非限制性定语从句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As。 4. as。as引导的定语从句可以插入到主句中间，如本句。故答案是as。 定语从句中的主谓一致典型用法 要点精讲1：先行词作主语，that/which/who从句谓语动词和主语保持一致。 Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 任何违反法律的人都将受到惩罚。 Those who are for the plan, raise your hand please. 同意这个计划的人，请举手。 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Anyone who ___________(want) to see the film should put up your hands. 2. I, who __________(be) your friend, can understand you. 1. wants。anyone作主语，谓语动词应用单数。故答案是wants。 2. am。定语从句主语是I，对应谓语是am。故答案是am。 要点精讲2：先行词是one of…结构，定语从句谓语用复数；先行词是the only /very one of…，定语从句谓语用单数。 He is one of the students who have read the book. 他是看过这本书的学生中的一位。 She is the only one of the girls who knows English. 她是那些女孩中唯一一位懂英语的。 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He is one of the students who ________ (praise) at yesterday’s meeting. 2. He is the only one of the students who ______________(praise) at yesterday’s meeting. 1. were praised。先行词是one of…结构，定语从句谓语用复数。故答案是were praised。 2. was praised。先行词是the only /very one of…，定语从句谓语用单数。故答案是was praised。 单句语法填空 1.The app does this by monitoring their time ________the users go to sleep, which means that you will feel less sleepy when you wake up every morning. 2.The six greatest 18th-century carved marble (大理石) sculptures in the East Sculpture Hall ________ sustained the most damage will receive conservation treatment. 3.An additional reason ________ it can be so desirable is that it tends to come from resources that are free. 4.In the US, Diane Ott Whealy and her husband founded Heritage Farm, a place ________ people can store and trade seeds. 5.This story about self-respect and self-love, ________ characters are Chinese, is set in Europe.[2023·河北省张家口市一模] 6.The first space launch led to the first human space flight, ________ led to the first moonwalk. 7.The Double Ninth Festival is also a time ________ the chrysanthemum (菊花) blooms. 8.Gig workers, often referred to as independent contractors (承包人) or temporary workers, are those such as delivery drivers and online sales hosts ________ often enter into contracts with on-demand companies to provide services for their clients. 9.By the time of the Ming Dynasty, people could use the abacus in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, ________ were widely used for calculating the weight, amount, space and volume.[2023·福州高三起点调研] 10.Shaxian snacks is a shining example of Chinese food chain brands, ________ most likely include foods such as steamed dumplings, noodles and huntun. 1.答案与解析：when　考查定语从句。句意：该应用程序通过监测用户睡觉的时间来实现这一点，这意味着每天早上醒来时你会感觉不那么困了。分析句子结构可知，此处“________ the users go to sleep”是限定性定语从句，先行词是time，指时间，从句缺少时间状语，故填when。 2.答案与解析：that　考查定语从句。句意：受损最严重的东方雕塑馆的6座18世纪最伟大的大理石雕塑将接受保护处理。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词sculptures是物，且被最高级greatest修饰，因此空格处用关系代词that，故填that。 3.答案与解析：why　考查定语从句。句意：它如此可取的另一个原因是，它往往来自免费的资源。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，在从句中做原因状语，故填why。 4.答案与解析：where　考查定语从句。句意：在美国，黛安·奥特·惠里和她的丈夫创立了传统农场，人们可以在这里储存和交易种子。分析句子结构可知，先行词是place，指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。 5.答案与解析：whose　考查定语从句。句意：这个关于自尊和自爱的故事，主人公是中国人，故事发生在欧洲。此处考查非限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词为This story，先行词与characters为所属关系，设空处应用关系代词whose，后接characters，表示“故事的”。 6.答案与解析：which　考查定语从句。句意：第一次太空发射引领了第一次人类太空飞行，这引发了第一次月球行走。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，故填which。 7.答案与解析：when　考查定语从句。句意：重阳节也是菊花盛开的时节。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，先行词time是时间，因此空格处用关系副词when。 8.答案与解析：who　定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为those，指人，空处在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。 9.答案与解析：which　定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为addition, subtraction, multiplication and division，空处在从句中作主语，所以填which。 10.答案与解析：which　定语从句的关系词。分析句子结构可知，此句为一个非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。 一 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Yesterday, I went to the bookstore to pick up a present for my mother’s birthday. I found one of the books I wanted, but not the other. When I went to ____1____, I asked the clerk behind the counter if I could ____2____ the second book. A lady was standing ____3____ behind me at the checkout. The clerk said she could order the book for me, but would I mind if she let the lady behind me pay for her ____4____ first. The lady behind me said no, it was fine, she’d wait. It took nearly 15 minutes to ____5____ my order through! The lady behind me had a(n)____6____ chat with us for the entire time. When it finally came time for me to pay, I ____7____ two $10 off cards on the counter. The clerk informed me the offer was only valid(有效的) for the book I was buying in-store and wouldn’t ____8____ for the book I’d ordered. This meant that I’d have one $10 off card ____9____. “You can come back and buy another book.” the clerk ____10____. “The offer is valid until the end of the week.” I thought about this for a millisecond and then ____11____ to face the lady behind me who’d been so patient, kind, and charming through the very long wait at the checkout, “Here.” I gave her the $10 off card. She was very ____12____ and said, “Really?” The ____13____ didn’t cost me anything. I knew I wouldn’t be back before the end of the week and it ____14____ someone whose attitude left a smile in my heart. Most ____15____ a win-win moment. 1. A. pay B. discount C. fold D. pack 2. A. achieve B. order C. receive D. apply 3. A. nearby B. next to C. at random D. in line 4. A. purchases B. products C. cards D. presents 5. A. see B. go C. put D. pull 6. A. brief B. anxious C. confidential D. friendly 7. A. sent B. placed C. signed D. delivered 8. A. use B. count C. work D. account 9. A. left B. abandoned C. applied D. sold 10. A. interrupted B. repeated C. smiled D. evaluated 11. A. turned down B. turned around C. turned up D. turned in 12. A. calm B. relieved C. fearful D. surprised 13. A. gift B. book C. attitude D. patience 14. A. appreciated B. rewarded C. stimulated D. reminded 15. A. potentially B. necessarily C. frequently D. definitely 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者去书店为妈妈挑选一件生日礼物，结账时被告知只能使用一张优惠卡，于是作者选择把其中一张送给了排在自己后面一直耐心等待的女士，作者认为这种是一种双赢的做法。 1.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我去付款时，我问柜台后面的店员我是否可以订购第二本书。A. pay支付；B. discount折扣；C. fold折叠；D. pack包装。根据上文“I found one of the books I wanted”可知作者拿了书准备去付款，故选A。 2.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我去付款时，我问柜台后面的店员我是否可以订购第二本书。A. achieve实现；B. order订购；C. receive收到；D. apply申请。呼应后文“she could order the book for me”指作者想要再订购第二本书。故选B。 3.D【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：结账的时候，有位女士排队站在我后面。A. nearby附近的；B. next to紧挨着；C. at random随便地；D. in line排队。根据后文“behind me at the checkout”可知结账的时候有个女士排队在作者后面。故选D。 4.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：店员说她可以帮我订这本书，但问我是否介意她让我后面的那位女士先付款。A. purchases所购物；B. products产品；C. cards卡片；D. presents礼物。根据上文“let the lady behind me pay for her”指让排在后面的女士先为自己的所购物付款，故选A。 5.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的订单花了将近15分钟才通过。A. see看见；B. go离开；C. put放置；D. pull拉。根据后文“my order through”可知为短语pull through“通过”。故选C。 6.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我后面的女士一直和我们友好地聊天。A. brief简要的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. confidential机密的；D. friendly友好的。根据后文“chat with us for the entire time”在等待过程中女士一直和作者友好聊天。故选D。 7.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后轮到我付钱的时候，我在柜台上放了两张10美元的优惠卡。A. sent寄出；B. placed放置；C. signed署名；D. delivered递送。根据后文“two $10 off cards on the counter”可知指将两张10美元的支付卡放在柜台上。故选B。 8.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：店员告诉我，这个优惠只对我在店里买的书有效，对我订购的书无效。A. use使用；B. count数数；C. work起作用；D. account解释。根据后文“for the book I’d ordered”指优惠卡对订购的书不起作用，work符合语境。故选C。 9.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这意味着我会剩一张10美元的优惠卡。A. left留下，离开；B. abandoned抛弃；C. applied应用；D. sold出售。优惠卡对订购的书无效，意味着作者会剩下一张10美元的优惠卡。故选A。 10.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你可以回来再买一本书。”店员笑着说。A. interrupted打断；B. repeated重复；C. smiled微笑；D. evaluated评估。根据后文“The offer is valid until the end of the week.”店员善意的提醒，可知店员态度很好，微笑着提醒作者的。故选C。 11.B【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想了一毫秒，然后转过身对我身后那位在漫长的结账过程中一直那么耐心、善良、迷人的女士说：“给你。”A. turned down关小；B. turned around转身；C. turned up开大；D. turned in上交。根据上文“The clerk said she could order the book for me, but would I mind if she let the lady behind me pay for her 　　　　4　　　　 first. ”可知，女士在作者的后面，由此可知作者需要转过身才能和女士说话。故选B。 12.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她非常惊讶地问：“真的吗？”A. calm平静的；B. relieved安慰的；C. fearful害怕的；D. surprised惊讶的。作者和女士是陌生人，却要送女士优惠卡，所以女士很惊讶。故选D。 13.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这份礼物没花我一分钱。A. gift礼物；B. book书；C. attitude态度；D. patience耐心。作者把优惠卡当作礼物送给女士，即这份礼物并没有花作者的钱。故选A。 14.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我不能在周末之前回来，这对那些在我心中留下微笑的人来说是一种回报。A. appreciated感激；B. rewarded奖励，回报；C. stimulated促进；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“someone whose attitude left a smile in my heart”可知这张优惠卡是作者对那些在自己心中留下微笑的人的一种回报。故选B。 15.D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是一个双赢的时刻。A. potentially可能地；B. necessarily必要地；C. frequently频繁地；D. definitely清楚地。根据后文“a win-win moment”可知作者得到了别人的善意，别人也收到了作者的优惠卡作为回报，所以绝对是一个双赢的时刻。故选D。 二 My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____1____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____2____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it. Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____3____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. ____4____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency. You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____5____When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. 【答案】1. F 2. C 3. G 4. E 5. A 这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了作者夫妇两人在巴黎居住的感受。首先，作者介绍了她住的房子；其次，说明了巴黎人生活非常精致的原因；最后，说明法国人对待生活的态度，相较于工作效率他们更看重生活品质。 1.F【解析】上文“My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.(我丈夫和我刚在巴黎待了一周)”说明了背景；下文“So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.(所以我们做的第一件事就是租了一个非常昂贵公寓，在第六层，只有一个橱柜那么大)”是空格处的结果，因此空格处需要填原因；根据F项“Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.(我们的目标是看看我们是否在某种程度上可以活的像巴黎人。)”可知，作者要在巴黎住下来，所以需要租房子，两句构成因果关系。故选F项。 2.C【解析】上文“The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though.(不过，这个地方并不是地道的法国住房)”是段落的中心句，说明第二段主要内容是讲解公寓的情况。下文提到了楼宇和电梯的情况。C项“There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.(有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床)”提到了厨房和床，这些都属于公寓的配置。故选C项。 3.G上文“... they eat great food and never gain weight.(他们吃得很好，而且从不发胖)”提及了食物。下文“French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.(法国草莓尝起来不像纸板。相反，它们会像小炸弹一样在你嘴里爆炸)”在说明法国的草莓很好吃。上下文结合可知，因为法国的食物质量很高，所以不用吃很多就能很满足，同时吃的少也就不会发胖了。G项“The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. (食物是如此美味，你不需要吃太多就能使你快乐)”符合语境要求。故选G项。 4.E【解析】第三段主要描述了作者夫妻去了采购了食物，买了草莓。下文“My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!(我丈夫和我都认为这是我们吃过的最好的水果。但它们要18美元!)”说明法国的水果好吃但是也很贵。选项E“That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do.(这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因)”承接了上一段关于法国人吃的少但是不胖的话题，同时引起下文，给出了法国人吃的少的另一个原因‘物价贵’。故选E项。 5.A【解析】根据上文“In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency (效率). You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded. (在法国生活质量比效率更重要。这一点你能从咖啡馆生活看出来。法国的咖啡厅总是很拥挤)”可知，上文说明了法国人对待工作不是很积极且咖啡厅里顾客很多。下文“When do these people work?(这些人什么时候工作？)”是一个问句，说明本句属于过渡句，承接上文说明咖啡厅里的造成拥挤的客人的情况，A选项中有“customer”符合咖啡馆的情境设定，同时讲述了不是所有的客人都是游客，那么意味着大部分人都是当地人，符合下文的提问。故选A项。 一 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese people are among the most hospitable (好客的) people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be 1 (surprise) at the warmth that they would receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, 2 host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks 3 biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never 4 (let) you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat their guests with a big meal. They always present more food than the guests can cat. On the table, the guests must be the first 5 (eat). Perhaps one of the things that surprise a western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, 6 won’t happen at western tables. The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you are done eating, the host 7 (typical) says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have 8 (much).” Although you tell them you are full, they still put food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable 9 (be) an important part of Chinese culture and tradition since ancient times. As Confucius said 10 (thousand) of years ago, “How happy we are, to meet friends from a far!” 1. surprised 2. the 3. like 4. letting 5. to eat 6. which 7. typically 8. more 9. has been 10. thousands 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国人的热情好客以及表现。 1. 考查形容词。句意：如果外国人去拜访一个中国家庭，他们会对他们作为客人所受到的热情感到惊讶。修饰人，作表语，应用-ed结尾形容词surprised。故填surprised。 2. 考查冠词。句意：当你拜访一个中国家庭时，主人通常会为你泡茶。host此处特指去拜访的中国家庭的主人，应用定冠词。故填the。 3. 考查介词。句意：然后他会给你一些零食，比如饼干或糖果。后跟名词作宾语，表示“比如”应用介词like。故填like。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：家里也会有人陪你聊天，永远不会让你感到孤独。分析句子结构可知let与逻辑主语family构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填letting。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在餐桌上，客人必须先吃。the first后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to eat。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：也许最让西方客人感到惊讶的一件事是，中国主人喜欢为客人挑选食物，这在西方餐桌上是不会发生的。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。 7. 考查副词。句意：当你吃完后，主人通常会说“你好像吃得不多。”修饰动词say应用副词typically，故填typically。 8. 考查比较级。句意：请多吃点。表示“更多”应用比较级。故填more。 9. 考查主谓一致和时态。句意：热情好客自古以来就是中国文化和传统的重要组成部分。由since ancient times可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为动名词短语，谓语用单数。故填has been。 10. 考查固定短语。句意：几千年前孔子就说过：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎！”短语thousands of表示“几千”。故填thousands。 二 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In China, people like to joke that there is no problem 1 a hot pot cannot solve. The fire from a hotpot can melt just about any icy disagreement and warm just about any heart. Over a hotpot, people can talk and share not just food, 2 also friendship. The most popular kind of hotpot is the Sichuan hot pot. What makes Sichuan hot pot different 3 other hot pots is the use of huajiao (花椒). This spice is hard 4 (describe). Some people say it has no taste at all, and others think it tastes bad. It has the strange effect of mouth-numbing, making red peppers taste even 5 (hot). Other famous hot pots include Beijing hotpot, Northeast hotpot and Guangdong hot pot. The Beijing hotpot has lighter taste, using just plain water as its broth (高汤). The pot is also different, 6 (make) of brass (黄铜) with chimney in the middle. The northeast hotpot usually contains pork and cabbage while the Guangdong hot pot uses a chicken or a fish broth, known for its wide range of 7 (ingredient), including seafood. With a hot pot, you can put in whatever ingredient you like. The same pot can serve all the people 8 (sit) around the table. No one 9 (leave) out, and everyone gets to eat as much or as little as they want. This shows the Chinese 10 (culture) values of openness. 1. that 2. but 3. from 4. to describe 5. hotter 6. made 7. ingredients 8. sitting 9. is left 10. cultural 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国的火锅饮食文化。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：在中国，人们喜欢开玩笑说，没有火锅解决不了的问题。problem是先行词，在定语从句中做宾语，当先行词被no修饰时，关系代词只能用that。故填that。 2. 考查连词。句意：通过火锅，人们不仅可以分享食物，还可以分享友谊。not just...but表示“不只是，还有……”。故填but。 3. 考查介词。句意：四川火锅与其他火锅的不同之处在于花椒的使用。表示“不同于”短语为different from。故填from。 4. 考查不定式。句意：这种香料很难形容。“主 + be + adj. + to do ...”是一个固定句型。故填to describe。 5. 考查形容词比较级。句意：它有一种奇怪的使嘴巴发麻的效果，让红辣椒尝起来更辣。even后加形容词比较级。故填hotter。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：中间有一个烟囱铜制成的火锅也是不同的。is是谓语动词，两个动词之间没有连词，这是非谓语动词，pot和制成是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填made。 7. 考查名词的数。句意：东北火锅通常含有猪肉和卷心菜，而广东火锅则使用鸡肉或鱼肉汤，以其广泛的食材而闻名，包括海鲜。ingredient由wide range of修饰应用复数形式。故填ingredients。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：同一个锅可以招待所有围坐在桌子旁的人。 分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，和修饰的名词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填sitting。 9. 考查时态语态。句意：没有人被排除在外，每个人都可以想吃多少就吃多少。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语动词。该句话为描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。动词和主语之间为被动关系，主语为单数。故填is left。 10. 考查形容词。句意：这体现了中国开放的文化价值观。修饰名词values应用形容词cultural，作定语。故填cultural。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业08 定语从句3（其他易错考点） 关系代词whose,典型用法归纳 要点精讲1：关系代词whose的用法 1. whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物； 2. 有时用于“介词+whose+名词”结构； 3. whose+名词=the +名词+of whom/which=of whom/which+ the +名词。 Once there was a wise king whose name was Alfred. 从前有一个叫阿尔弗雷德的英国国王。（先行词是king，指人） The girl lives in the house, whose windows face south. 那个女孩住在这所房子里，房子的窗户是朝南开的。（先行词是house, 指物） Look at the building, whose roof=the roof of which=of which the roof is white. 看那栋楼,楼顶的颜色是白的。 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1. The building _________ doors are white is an office building. 2. He lives in the room, ________ window faces the south/ _____ ________ the window faces the south. 3. This is Mr Green, with ___________ help I’ve made great progress in English. 4.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. 5.Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. 关系代词as典型用法归纳 要点精讲1： 1. 用作关系代词，引导限制性定语从句，作从句的主语、宾语； 2. 用于such…as…, so…as…, the same…as…句型。注意区分定语从句和状语从句关键在于从句是否完整。 3. 注意the same…as…强调“和……是同一类”；the same…that…强调“和……是同一个”。 I never heard such stories as he tells．我从未听过像他讲的那种故事。 They have never read so many books as I read last year. 他们从来都没有读过像我去年读过的那些书。 This is the same dictionary as I lost yesterday. 这本词典和我昨天丢的那本一样。（不是同一本词典） He is the same boy that helped me yesterday.  他是昨天帮过我的那个男孩。（指同一个男孩） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1. Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit. 2. Los Angeles is such an attractive place _______everyone likes to visit it. 3. This is ______difficult a problem _____no one can work out. 4. This is ______difficult a problem _____no one can work it out. 5. My pen is missing. I’d like to buy the same pen _______I lost. 6. Jenny is so happy, for she has found the same pen ______ she lost yesterday. 要点精讲2： 1. as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从。 2. 位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。 3. 从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report等动词； 4. which和as用法区别： ①位置上：which从句只能位于主句之后，as从句位于主句的前、中、后； ②逻辑上：which强调前后不一；as强调前后逻辑一致，“正如”； ③句式上：which多用于“which+动词+宾语”句型；as多用于as we all know/see, as is often the case with sb等句型。 As is known to all, fish can’t live without water. 众所周知，鱼儿离不开水。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句首） The famous magician Liu Qian, as we all know, is from Taiwan. 众所周知，著名魔术师刘谦是台湾人。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句中） She has married again, as was expected. 不出所料，她又结婚了。（as引导非限制性定语从句且位于句末） As is often the case, girls like dolls while boys like guns. 女孩子喜欢玩具而男孩子喜欢枪，这是常见的情况。 He sold his new car, which made me surprised. 他把车卖掉，这让我很吃惊。 在空白处填入1个适当的单词。 1. He failed in the driving test again, _________surprised us all. 2. He failed in the driving test again, _________we had expected. 3. _________ is often the case with Jim, he was fined for speeding. 4. The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. 定语从句中的主谓一致典型用法 要点精讲1：先行词作主语，that/which/who从句谓语动词和主语保持一致。 Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 任何违反法律的人都将受到惩罚。 Those who are for the plan, raise your hand please. 同意这个计划的人，请举手。 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Anyone who ___________(want) to see the film should put up your hands. 2. I, who __________(be) your friend, can understand you. 要点精讲2：先行词是one of…结构，定语从句谓语用复数；先行词是the only /very one of…，定语从句谓语用单数。 He is one of the students who have read the book. 他是看过这本书的学生中的一位。 She is the only one of the girls who knows English. 她是那些女孩中唯一一位懂英语的。 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. He is one of the students who ________ (praise) at yesterday’s meeting. 2. He is the only one of the students who ______________(praise) at yesterday’s meeting. 单句语法填空 1.The app does this by monitoring their time ________the users go to sleep, which means that you will feel less sleepy when you wake up every morning. 2.The six greatest 18th-century carved marble (大理石) sculptures in the East Sculpture Hall ________ sustained the most damage will receive conservation treatment. 3.An additional reason ________ it can be so desirable is that it tends to come from resources that are free. 4.In the US, Diane Ott Whealy and her husband founded Heritage Farm, a place ________ people can store and trade seeds. 5.This story about self-respect and self-love, ________ characters are Chinese, is set in Europe.[2023·河北省张家口市一模] 6.The first space launch led to the first human space flight, ________ led to the first moonwalk. 7.The Double Ninth Festival is also a time ________ the chrysanthemum (菊花) blooms. 8.Gig workers, often referred to as independent contractors (承包人) or temporary workers, are those such as delivery drivers and online sales hosts ________ often enter into contracts with on-demand companies to provide services for their clients. 9.By the time of the Ming Dynasty, people could use the abacus in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, ________ were widely used for calculating the weight, amount, space and volume.[2023·福州高三起点调研] 10.Shaxian snacks is a shining example of Chinese food chain brands, ________ most likely include foods such as steamed dumplings, noodles and huntun. 一 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Yesterday, I went to the bookstore to pick up a present for my mother’s birthday. I found one of the books I wanted, but not the other. When I went to ____1____, I asked the clerk behind the counter if I could ____2____ the second book. A lady was standing ____3____ behind me at the checkout. The clerk said she could order the book for me, but would I mind if she let the lady behind me pay for her ____4____ first. The lady behind me said no, it was fine, she’d wait. It took nearly 15 minutes to ____5____ my order through! The lady behind me had a(n)____6____ chat with us for the entire time. When it finally came time for me to pay, I ____7____ two $10 off cards on the counter. The clerk informed me the offer was only valid(有效的) for the book I was buying in-store and wouldn’t ____8____ for the book I’d ordered. This meant that I’d have one $10 off card ____9____. “You can come back and buy another book.” the clerk ____10____. “The offer is valid until the end of the week.” I thought about this for a millisecond and then ____11____ to face the lady behind me who’d been so patient, kind, and charming through the very long wait at the checkout, “Here.” I gave her the $10 off card. She was very ____12____ and said, “Really?” The ____13____ didn’t cost me anything. I knew I wouldn’t be back before the end of the week and it ____14____ someone whose attitude left a smile in my heart. Most ____15____ a win-win moment. 1. A. pay B. discount C. fold D. pack 2. A. achieve B. order C. receive D. apply 3. A. nearby B. next to C. at random D. in line 4. A. purchases B. products C. cards D. presents 5. A. see B. go C. put D. pull 6. A. brief B. anxious C. confidential D. friendly 7. A. sent B. placed C. signed D. delivered 8. A. use B. count C. work D. account 9. A. left B. abandoned C. applied D. sold 10. A. interrupted B. repeated C. smiled D. evaluated 11. A. turned down B. turned around C. turned up D. turned in 12. A. calm B. relieved C. fearful D. surprised 13. A. gift B. book C. attitude D. patience 14. A. appreciated B. rewarded C. stimulated D. reminded 15. A. potentially B. necessarily C. frequently D. definitely 二 My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____1____So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____2____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it. Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____3____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. ____4____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency. You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____5____When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. 一 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese people are among the most hospitable (好客的) people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be 1 (surprise) at the warmth that they would receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, 2 host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks 3 biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never 4 (let) you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat their guests with a big meal. They always present more food than the guests can cat. On the table, the guests must be the first 5 (eat). Perhaps one of the things that surprise a western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, 6 won’t happen at western tables. The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you are done eating, the host 7 (typical) says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please have 8 (much).” Although you tell them you are full, they still put food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable 9 (be) an important part of Chinese culture and tradition since ancient times. As Confucius said 10 (thousand) of years ago, “How happy we are, to meet friends from a far!” 二 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In China, people like to joke that there is no problem 1 a hot pot cannot solve. The fire from a hotpot can melt just about any icy disagreement and warm just about any heart. Over a hotpot, people can talk and share not just food, 2 also friendship. The most popular kind of hotpot is the Sichuan hot pot. What makes Sichuan hot pot different 3 other hot pots is the use of huajiao (花椒). This spice is hard 4 (describe). Some people say it has no taste at all, and others think it tastes bad. It has the strange effect of mouth-numbing, making red peppers taste even 5 (hot). Other famous hot pots include Beijing hotpot, Northeast hotpot and Guangdong hot pot. The Beijing hotpot has lighter taste, using just plain water as its broth (高汤). The pot is also different, 6 (make) of brass (黄铜) with chimney in the middle. The northeast hotpot usually contains pork and cabbage while the Guangdong hot pot uses a chicken or a fish broth, known for its wide range of 7 (ingredient), including seafood. With a hot pot, you can put in whatever ingredient you like. The same pot can serve all the people 8 (sit) around the table. No one 9 (leave) out, and everyone gets to eat as much or as little as they want. This shows the Chinese 10 (culture) values of openness. ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$