精品解析：2024届山东省济南市山东师范大学附属中学高三考前适应性测试英语试题

山东师大附中高三考前适应性测试 英语试题 2024.6 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Celebrating Beethoven: The Genius of Symphony Exhibition To commemorate the 254th anniversary of Beethoven’s birth the Vienna Philharmonic, renowned for its exceptional collection of classical music instruments, is presenting a special exhibition titled Beethoven: The Genius of Symphony, running from February 1 to June 30. More than two centuries ago, on December 16, 1820, in the heart of Vienna, Ludwig van Beethoven, a musical legend, composed his Symphony No. 9 in D minor, a masterpiece that marked a milestone in the history of classical music. The exhibition will transport visitors back to the era of Beethoven’s genius. Through a series of interactive displays and multimedia presentations, visitors will have a chance to explore Beethoven’s creative process and dive into the inspiration behind his most famous works. The highlight of the exhibition will be a copy of Beethoven’s piano, on which he composed many of his masterpieces. “This exhibition offers a unique and immersive experience, allowing visitors to step into Beethoven’s world and appreciate the depth and breadth of his musical genius,” said Dr. Schmidt, head of the Vienna Philharmonic. “We aim to recreate the magic of Beethoven’s music and inspire a new generation of music lovers.” Please note the following guidelines for the exhibition: * Children under 6 years old are not recommended due to the complexity of the content. * We advise caution for visitors with hearing impairments as some sections of the exhibition involve audio components. * For safety reasons, large bags and photographic equipment are not permitted inside the exhibition hall. Hand-held cameras are allowed for personal use. 1. What is the central theme of the exhibition? A. Exhibiting the changes of western musical instruments. B. Exploring the life and works of Ludwig van Beethoven. C. Showcasing the history of classical music in Vienna. D. Highlighting the influence of Beethoven on music. 2. What is the special feature of the event? A. Magic shows of Beethoven’s music. B. A reproduced piano of Beethoven. C. Hands-on experience of composition. D. Digital presentation of musical works. 3. Who might find the visiting more challenging? A. A journalist carrying mobile phones. B. A senior citizen with poor eyesight. C. A historian with a passion for music. D. A preschooler fascinated by pianos. B For some of us, going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary. But for many people around the world, especially those in impoverished (贫困的) areas, having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t possible. A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation. Growing up in USA, Felipe Rossi had just obtained the Bachelor of Medicine Degree and was about to start a master’s degree in Pediatric Dentistry (儿童口腔学) when a journey to his father’s home — Balsabo in Brazil — converted his initial plan. “All locals didn’t have access to dental care, and consequently, many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth, leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouth open.” Felipe Rossi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.” With the support of his parents Felipe formed an NGO (non-government organization) called Porsorriso to give free oral treatments to individuals with low incomes who require cleaning. fillings, crowns, restoration work and more. His team is composed of approximately 30 registered volunteers who go with him to poor towns and villages in Brazil. Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies. Individuals may also make donations through the ‘Smile Solidarity’ program, where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute. Porsorriso also holds regular fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country. As noble as its objective is, Felipe admits that Porsorriso is “struggling to survive” because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning. “Challenging as it is, it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals. We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face”. Felipe said with a strong will. 4. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? A. By posing a contrast. B. By reporting an event. C. By assuming a situation. D. By making an appeal. 5. What motivated Felipe to offer dental treatments to Brazilians? A. The support from his parents. B. The passion for dental health. C. The encounter with local s lacking dental care. D. The professional skills and knowledge from college. 6. Which of the following can best describe Felipe Rossi? A. Hopeful and diligent. B. Faithful and ambitious. C. Intelligent and creative. D. Charitable and dedicated. 7. What do we know about Porsorriso? A. It gives free oral treatments to anyone in need. B. It is cooperated by Felipe Rossi and the local authority. C. It is financially supported by corporations and individuals. D. It holds regular fundraisers to educate people about dental care. C Scientists have figured out how to obtain abundant amounts of oil from duckweed (浮萍), one of nature’s fastest-growing water plants. Changing such plant oil into biofuels for transportation and heating could be a big part of a more sustainable future. For a new study, led by Shanklin, a biochemist, in the Plant Biotechnology Journal, researchers genetically engineered duckweed plants to produce seven times more oil: per acre than soybeans — currently the most commonly used biofuel-producing plant. Unlike fossil fuels, biofuels can be regained faster than they are used. Fuels made from new and used vegetable oils, animal fat can have a lower carbon footprint than fossil fuels do, depending on how they are sourced, but there has been a recent opposition against them. This is partly because so many crops now go into energy production rather than food. Besides, biofuels take up more than 100 million acres of the world’s agricultural land. Duckweed, common on every continent but Antarctica, is among the world’s most productive plants per acre, and the researchers suggest it could be a game-changing renewable energy source mainly because of the fact that it grows readily in water, so it wouldn’t compete with food crops for agricultural land. Moreover, Shanklin and his team found a way to sidestep a major biotechnological hurdle. According to Rebecca Roston, a biochemist at the University of Nebraska, who was not involved in the study, engineered green plants typically expend a lot of energy on oil production and thus stop growing. For the new study, Shanklin says, the researchers added an oil-producing gene that would be inactive at first, and then “turn it on like a light switch” by introducing a particular molecule (分子) only when the plant had finished growing. This process “went fabulously well,” Roston says. “If it works in other species, this can solve one of our biggest issues, which is how we can make more oil in more plants without negatively affecting growth.” 8. What can be learned about Duckweed plants from the text? A They have vital nutrients for humans. B. They pose threat to agricultural lands. C. They are engineered to make biofuels. D. They absorb less carbon than soybeans. 9. What does the underlined word “sidestep” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Extend. B. Overcome. C. Enhance. D. Worsen. 10. What can we learn from what Rebecca Roston said? A. The gene activation method is promising. B. Roston participated in Shanklin’s research. C. Biofuel production will cease plant growth. D. Biofuel production competes with food crops. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. An energy revolution is unavoidable B. Duckweed: An ideal green energy source C. A perfect replacement for biofuels is found D. Biofuel: A practical solution for energy crisis D The concept of learned helplessness was first coined by psychologists Martin Seligman and Steven Maier in the late 1960s during a series of experiments with dogs. The researchers placed dogs in a situation where they were subjected to unavoidable electric shocks. After these initial experiences, the dogs were later placed in a different situation where they could easily escape the shocks by moving to another part of the chamber. Surprisingly, many of the dogs did not attempt to escape, even when the means to do so were readily available. They had learned to feel helpless. As adults, we often encounter a version of learned helplessness in our daily lives. We face challenges not in the form of electric shocks but in situations where we might feel overwhelmed or powerless, such as long-standing stress at work or repeated personal failures. These experiences can make us believe that we cannot change our circumstances, leading to a passive acceptance of our difficulties. A similar process operates in our approach to problem-solving and goal-setting. In our formative experiences, we may have encountered situations where our efforts to succeed were consistently met with failure, leading to a sense of powerlessness. But the modern world, with its constant demands and high expectations, has greatly changed our environment. We are now constantly faced with new challenges and opportunities. Our modern lifestyle — with its various sources of stress and anxiety — can do to our mental state what unavoidable shocks did to the dogs in Seligman’s experiments. We are tending to submit to hopelessness because our past experiences may have conditioned us to expect failure. But, as we have reshaped the world around us, increasing opportunities for success and personal growth, we still have the same psychological responses we developed in earlier, more challenging environments. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our mindset towards effort and success, we also need to be more conscious of our beliefs about personal competence, resisting the temptation to yield to learned helplessness. By fostering resilience and adopting a growth mindset, we can effectively manage our responses to life’s challenges and seize opportunities for improvement and success. 12. What do we know about learned helplessness according to the text? A. It is a natural response to unavoidable shocks. B. It is primarily caused by modern lifestyle. C. It is a psychological state that can be overcome. D. It is unavoidable in today’s fast-paced world. 13. Which aspect of modern life might lead to powerlessness? A. Advanced technology. B. High physical demands. C. Lasting stress at work. D. Unbalanced career life. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards those who give in to helplessness? A. Indifferent and neutral. B. Dismissive and critical. C. Sympathetic and reserved. D. Understanding and encouraging. 15. What is the underlying logic of the text? A. Cause and effect. B. Problem and solution. C. Comparison and contrast. D. Classification and summary. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Over the past few decades, technology has advanced at an unprecedented rate, revolutionizing industries and shaping new ways of life. ____16____ According to the International Telecommunication Union, a key advocate of technological advancement, the rapid growth of technology has significantly improved the quality of life in numerous communities. It cites studies that show the integration of technology into daily lives has led to increased efficiency, more access to information, and even progress in healthcare in numerous regions. ____17____ Those who embrace technological progress argue that it creates new opportunities for individuals and businesses alike. For instance, farmers in remote areas can now access real-time market information and weather updates through smartphones, enabling them to make more informed decisions about their crops. Additionally, small businesses can expand their reach globally through online platforms. ____18____ They argue that while technology may bring benefits to some, it often expands the difference between the technologically informed and the digitally excluded. Studies conducted by organizations like the United Nations Development Programme reveal that many individuals, particularly those in developing regions or with limited resources, lag behind in accessing and utilizing technological advancements. ____19____ Furthermore, critics fear that the unchecked growth of technology may have negative impacts on society and the environment. For example, the rise of social media and the internet has led to an increase in cyberbullying, privacy concerns, and the spread of misinformation. Moreover, the overuse of technology may contribute to do-nothing lifestyles and other health issues. One thing is certain about technological progress — it is an inevitable trend. The rapid pace of innovation and the widespread availability of technology make it impossible to turn back. ____20____ A. But how can we take control of technology to our advantage? B. The question arises: Is technological progress beneficial for all? C. This digital divide can lead to increased social and economic gaps. D. However, critics of technological advancement hold a different view. E These advancements have been particularly evident in rural and underserved areas. F. It ensures that the benefits of technological progress are shared equally across society. G. The challenge now is finding ways to command the power of technology to benefit all. 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Buried deep within the cracks of an old, wooden desk, a worn-out notebook lay forgotten. Its pages, yellowed with ____21____, were scattered with handwritten notes and drawings, each ____22____ a dream or aspiration of its owner, Emily Dickinson. Dickinson, a ____23____ teacher, had passed away peacefully in her sleep, leaving the notebook as one of her few ____24____. There were drafts of traveling to foreign places, notes about learning a new language, and even a few ____25____ about publishing her own book of poems in it. One ____26____ sketch caught her children’s eye as they looked through the pages. It was a drawing of a small cottage ____27____ in the hills, surrounded by greenery and a stream. Dickinson had always dreamed of retiring to such a place, a place where she could find peace and ____28____. Her children decided to fulfil her mother’s dream. They found a cottage ____29____ to the one in the sketch and bought it. They ____30____ it with the furniture and kick-knacks (小摆设) that Dickinson had treasured and turned it into a ____31____ to her life and her dreams. The cottage became a place where Dickinson’s family and friends could gather and shared stories about her. It was a place where they could feel her ____32____ and be inspired by her firm determination. The notebook, now ____33____ on a small table in the cottage’s living room, remains a constant ____34____ of Dickinson’s dreams and aspirations. Her children hope that by keeping it there, they can honor her memory and continue to inspire others to ____35____ their own dreams, just as she had done. 21. A. age B. light C. shade D. colour 22. A. envisioning B. illustrating C. shaping D. recognizing 23. A. devoted B. retired C. professional D. serious 24. A. materials B. masterpieces C. possessions D. instructions 25. A. lyrics B. remarks C. entries D. references 26. A. particular B. random C. typical D. abstract 27. A. resting B. planted C. stretching D. housed 28. A. security B. resolution C. harmony D. accommodation 29. A. relevant B. identical C. opposite D. unique 30. A. provided B. decorated C. covered D. surrounded 31. A. getaway B. dedication C. celebration D. memorial 32. A. existence B. spirit C. atmosphere D. wisdom 33. A. lying B. nesting C. hanging D. reflecting 34. A. reminder B. evidence C. symbol D. relic 35. A. describe B. pursue C. cherish D. embrace 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 La rou, or preserved meat, is a winter season specialty in China. They are customarily made during the last lunar month on the ____36____(tradition) Chinese calendar when the temperature is cool ____37____ not freezing to dry and preserve these staples. La rou, generally refers to pork products while other cured meat, la wei, is made across China ____38____(depend) on local availability, using goose, duck, rabbit, and even seafood. The preserved meat ____39____(consider) a form of cultural heritage in many places. Similar to bacon, the Chinese preserved meat is made with large quantities of salt, some of ____40____ are smoked over with fire ____41____(achieve) more flavor. There are many kinds of preserved meat in China with ____42____(incredible) diverse ingredients and recipes, bringing a wide range of flavors from sweet to hot. Each region has its own seasoning and flavor profile. The Cantonese ____43____(vary) is sweet, flavored with sugar, rice wine, and so y sauce. In Sichuan, it tends to be hotter, seasoned with chili pepper and Sichuan pepper powder. Both of them are great choices ____44____ ingredients for dishes like fried rice and vegetable stir-fry. Cured poultry products are commonly found in South China. They are slaughtered, butchered, and rubbed with alcohol before salting, which ____45____(dry) out the meat and prevents bacteria growing on it. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 4月23日是“世界读书日”，你校英文报将以“My Reading Story”为主题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。 内容包括： 1. 你的阅读经历或体验； 2. 鼓励读书的倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请在答题卡相应位置作答。 My Reading Story ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “No, little girl. You can’t get in without the money.” Jeffrey, the bus driver, told a little girl who wanted to get on the bus but only had a few pennies. She must have been around seven years old, and he wasn’t in the mood to deal with unaccompanied children that day. “Please, sir. I want to visit my grandmother,” the little girl begged. “Then go ask your parents for the money and come back next time,” Jeffrey replied and gestured with his hand for the girl to get out. She finally left the bus with her shoulders lowered. Jeffrey saw her sit down at the bus stop and drove off. He finished his route and went home for the lunch, greeting his wife, Greta, and sitting down on the couch to rest. When he browsed his Facebook posts, an image caught his attention. A picture was shared of the little girl he had just turned away a few hours earlier. The word “Missing” was written on top of the image. He learned that the girl had disappeared a day ago, and her parents were desperately trying to find her. “Dear! What have I done?” he asked himself, standing up and going to the front door. When Greta asked where he was going, Jeffrey said, “Greta! Quick! Call 911 and this number,” showing her the picture of the girl. “I saw this girl at a bus stop earlier, and I turned her away because she didn’t have enough money. I’m going to find her, but please make those calls.” Having told her where the bus stop was, he went out. Jeffrey rushed to his car, speeding to the bus stop. Hopefully, the girl was smart enough to stay in one place. He couldn’t believe how careless he had been earlier. She was a little girl all alone. As he drove to the bus stop, Jeffrey vowed to be more careful in the future, especially when it came to children. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Finally, Jeffrey saw a tiny figure sitting on the bench at the spot. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few minutes later the police and another car approached. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 山东师大附中高三考前适应性测试 英语试题 2024.6 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Celebrating Beethoven: The Genius of Symphony Exhibition To commemorate the 254th anniversary of Beethoven’s birth, the Vienna Philharmonic, renowned for its exceptional collection of classical music instruments, is presenting a special exhibition titled Beethoven: The Genius of Symphony, running from February 1 to June 30. More than two centuries ago, on December 16, 1820, in the heart of Vienna, Ludwig van Beethoven, a musical legend, composed his Symphony No. 9 in D minor, a masterpiece that marked a milestone in the history of classical music. The exhibition will transport visitors back to the era of Beethoven’s genius. Through a series of interactive displays and multimedia presentations, visitors will have a chance to explore Beethoven’s creative process and dive into the inspiration behind his most famous works. The highlight of the exhibition will be a copy of Beethoven’s piano, on which he composed many of his masterpieces. “This exhibition offers a unique and immersive experience, allowing visitors to step into Beethoven’s world and appreciate the depth and breadth of his musical genius,” said Dr. Schmidt, head of the Vienna Philharmonic. “We aim to recreate the magic of Beethoven’s music and inspire a new generation of music lovers.” Please note the following guidelines for the exhibition: * Children under 6 years old are not recommended due to the complexity of the content. * We advise caution for visitors with hearing impairments as some sections of the exhibition involve audio components. * For safety reasons, large bags and photographic equipment are not permitted inside the exhibition hall. Hand-held cameras are allowed for personal use. 1. What is the central theme of the exhibition? A. Exhibiting the changes of western musical instruments. B. Exploring the life and works of Ludwig van Beethoven. C. Showcasing the history of classical music in Vienna. D. Highlighting the influence of Beethoven on music. 2. What is the special feature of the event? A. Magic shows of Beethoven’s music. B. A reproduced piano of Beethoven. C. Hands-on experience of composition. D. Digital presentation of musical works. 3. Who might find the visiting more challenging? A. A journalist carrying mobile phones. B. A senior citizen with poor eyesight. C. A historian with a passion for music. D. A preschooler fascinated by pianos. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。为纪念贝多芬诞辰 254 周年，以其杰出的古典音乐乐器收藏而闻名的维也纳爱乐乐团举办了一场名为“贝多芬：交响曲天才”的特别展览，本文介绍了该展览的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第二段“More than two centuries ago, on December 16, 1820, in the heart of Vienna, Ludwig van Beethoven, a musical legend, composed his Symphony No. 9 in D minor, a masterpiece that marked a milestone in the history of classical music.(两个多世纪前，1820年12月16日，音乐传奇人物贝多芬在维也纳市中心创作了D小调第九交响曲，这部杰作在古典音乐史上留下了里程碑式的一笔)”以及第三段“Through a series of interactive displays and multimedia presentations, visitors will have a chance to explore Beethoven’s creative process and dive into the inspiration behind his most famous works. The highlight of the exhibition will be a copy of Beethoven’s piano, on which he composed many of his masterpieces.( 通过一系列交互式展示和多媒体演示，参观者将有机会探索贝多芬的创作过程，并深入了解他最著名的作品背后的灵感。展览的亮点是贝多芬的一架钢琴复制品，他在上面创作了许多杰作)”可知，展览主要是探索贝多芬的生活和作品，故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“The highlight of the exhibition will be a copy of Beethoven’s piano, on which he composed many of his masterpieces.(展览的重头戏将是一架贝多芬钢琴的复制品，贝多芬的许多杰作都是在这架钢琴上创作的)”可知，该活动的特别之处是有贝多芬的一架复制钢琴，故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据原文最后一段“Children under 6 years old are not recommended due to the complexity of the content.(由于内容复杂，不建议6岁以下儿童观看)”可知，由于内容复杂，不建议 6 岁以下的儿童参观，所以对一个对钢琴着迷的学龄前儿童来说，参观可能更具挑战性，故选D项。 B For some of us, going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary. But for many people around the world, especially those in impoverished (贫困的) areas, having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t possible. A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation. Growing up in USA, Felipe Rossi had just obtained the Bachelor of Medicine Degree and was about to start a master’s degree in Pediatric Dentistry (儿童口腔学) when a journey to his father’s home — Balsabo in Brazil — converted his initial plan. “All locals didn’t have access to dental care, and consequently, many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth, leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouth open.” Felipe Rossi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.” With the support of his parents, Felipe formed an NGO (non-government organization) called Porsorriso to give free oral treatments to individuals with low incomes who require cleaning. fillings, crowns, restoration work and more. His team is composed of approximately 30 registered volunteers who go with him to poor towns and villages in Brazil. Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies. Individuals may also make donations through the ‘Smile Solidarity’ program, where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute. Porsorriso also holds regular fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country. As noble as its objective is, Felipe admits that Porsorriso is “struggling to survive” because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning. “Challenging as it is, it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals. We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face”. Felipe said with a strong will. 4. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? A By posing a contrast. B. By reporting an event. C By assuming a situation. D. By making an appeal. 5. What motivated Felipe to offer dental treatments to Brazilians? A. The support from his parents. B. The passion for dental health. C. The encounter with local s lacking dental care. D. The professional skills and knowledge from college. 6. Which of the following can best describe Felipe Rossi? A. Hopeful and diligent. B. Faithful and ambitious. C. Intelligent and creative. D. Charitable and dedicated. 7. What do we know about Porsorriso? A. It gives free oral treatments to anyone in need. B. It is cooperated by Felipe Rossi and the local authority. C. It is financially supported by corporations and individuals. D. It holds regular fundraisers to educate people about dental care. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了巴西牙医Felipe Rossi创建了非政府组织Porsorriso，致力于为贫困地区的低收入人群提供免费的口腔治疗服务。尽管面临资金和运营挑战，Rossi及其团队仍坚持帮助需要的人，传递健康微笑，增强当地民众的自信。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For some of us, going to the dentist for routine check-ups is a thing of the ordinary. But for many people around the world, especially those in impoverished (贫困的) areas, having dental improvement and their teeth checked simply isn’t possible. A Brazilian dentist Felipe Rossi has devoted himself to helping changing that situation.(对我们中的一些人来说，去牙医那里做例行检查是一件很平常的事情。但对世界上许多人来说，尤其是那些生活在贫困地区的人来说，改善牙齿和检查牙齿根本是不可能的。巴西牙医费利佩·罗西致力于帮助改变这种状况)”可知，文章开头通过对比一些人定期去牙医处进行常规检查，而世界上很多人尤其是贫困地区的人们无法进行牙科治疗和牙齿检查的情况，引出了文章的主题，即巴西牙医Felip e Rossi致力于帮助改变这种情况。因此，作者通过提出对比来引入文章的主题。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““All locals didn’t have access to dental care, and consequently, many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth, leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouth open.” Felipe Rossi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.”(‘并不是所有的当地人都能得到牙科护理，因此，很多人的牙齿都变形了，甚至掉了牙，导致很多人不敢张嘴笑。’Felipe Rossi回忆道。‘一种渴望在我心中扎根。也就是说，用我的技能给患有牙病的人带来健康的微笑。’)”可知，Felipe Rossi在巴西的Balsabo地区看到当地人没有机会接受牙科治疗，很多人因此牙齿变形或甚至失去牙齿，这激发了他提供牙科治疗的决心；由此可知，是当地人缺乏牙科护理的情况促使Felipe为巴西人提供牙科治疗。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““All locals didn’t have access to dental care, and consequently, many of them suffered deformed teeth or even loss of teeth, leading to many people not daring to laugh with mouth open.” Felipe Rossi recalled. “A desire was planted in my heart. That is, to use my skills to bring healthy smiles to people suffering from dental problems.”(‘并不是所有的当地人都能得到牙科护理，因此，很多人的牙齿都变形了，甚至掉了牙，导致很多人不敢张嘴笑。’Felipe Rossi回忆道。‘一种渴望在我心中扎根。也就是说，用我的技能给患有牙病的人带来健康的微笑。’)”可知，Felipe Rossi想要利用自己的技能为遭受牙科问题的人们带来健康的笑容，这表明他具有慈善精神。在最后一段中“As noble as its objective is, Felipe admits that Porsorriso is “struggling to survive” because of the huge cost of providing dental work and the constant fundraising events they have to hold to keep the NGO in normal functioning. “Challenging as it is, it did bring healthy teeth as well as renewed confidence to the locals. We will continue this transformative act whatever difficulties we will face”. Felipe said with a strong will.(尽管目标崇高，Felipe承认Porsorriso正在‘挣扎着生存’，因为提供牙科治疗的巨大成本和他们必须举行的持续筹款活动以保持非政府组织的正常运作。‘虽然这很有挑战性，但它确实给当地人带来了健康的牙齿，并重新树立了信心。无论我们面临什么困难，我们都将继续这一变革行动。’斐利贝带着强烈的意志说)”可知，他承认Porsorriso的生存很困难，但他们将继续进行这项改变性的行动，无论他们将面临什么困难，这表明他具有奉献精神。故选D项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Sponsorship is generally provided by two private companies. Individuals may also make donations through the ‘Smile Solidarity’ program, where they can choose monthly amounts to contribute. Porsorriso also holds regular fundraisers to afford the cost of providing free dental services around the country.(赞助通常由两家私人公司提供。个人也可以通过‘微笑团结’计划捐款，他们可以选择每月的捐款数额。Porsorriso还定期举行筹款活动，为全国各地提供免费牙科服务)”可知，Porsorriso是由企业和个人提供经济支持。故选C项。 C Scientists have figured out how to obtain abundant amounts of oil from duckweed (浮萍) one of nature’s fastest-growing water plants. Changing such plant oil into biofuels for transportation and heating could be a big part of a more sustainable future. For a new study, led by Shanklin, a biochemist, in the Plant Biotechnology Journal, researchers genetically engineered duckweed plants to produce seven times more oil: per acre than soybeans — currently the most commonly used biofuel-producing plant. Unlike fossil fuels, biofuels can be regained faster than they are used. Fuels made from new and used vegetable oils, animal fat can have a lower carbon footprint than fossil fuels do, depending on how they are sourced, but there has been a recent opposition against them. This is partly because so many crops now go into energy production rather than food. Besides, biofuels take up more than 100 million acres of the world’s agricultural land. Duckweed, common on every continent but Antarctica, is among the world’s most productive plants per acre, and the researchers suggest it could be a game-changing renewable energy source mainly because of the fact that it grows readily in water, so it wouldn’t compete with food crops for agricultural land. Moreover, Shanklin and his team found a way to sidestep a major biotechnological hurdle. According to Rebecca Roston, a biochemist at the University of Nebraska, who was not involved in the study, engineered green plants typically expend a lot of energy on oil production and thus stop growing. For the new study, Shanklin says, the researchers added an oil-producing gene that would be inactive at first, and then “turn it on like a light switch” by introducing a particular molecule (分子) only when the plant had finished growing. This process “went fabulously well,” Roston says. “If it works in other species, this can solve one of our biggest issues, which is how we can make more oil in more plants without negatively affecting growth.” 8. What can be learned about Duckweed plants from the text? A. They have vital nutrients for humans. B. They pose threat to agricultural lands. C. They are engineered to make biofuels. D. They absorb less carbon than soybeans. 9. What does the underlined word “sidestep” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Extend. B. Overcome. C. Enhance. D. Worsen. 10. What can we learn from what Rebecca Roston said? A. The gene activation method is promising. B. Roston participated in Shanklin’s research. C. Biofuel production will cease plant growth. D. Biofuel production competes with food crops. 11. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. An energy revolution is unavoidable B. Duckweed: An ideal green energy source C. A perfect replacement for biofuels is found D. Biofuel: A practical solution for energy crisis 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是科学家发现可通过基因改造浮萍大量生产生物燃料，该植物不占用农业用地，能克服生物技术难题，提高植物产油率且不影响生长，为解决生物燃料生产问题提供新途径。该发现为可持续能源发展提供了新思路，有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖，降低碳足迹，促进环保和经济发展。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Scientists have figured out how to obtain abundant amounts of oil from duckweed (浮萍), one of nature’s fastest-growing water plants. Changing such plant oil into biofuels for transportation and heating could be a big part of a more sustainable future.(科学家们已经找到了从浮萍中获取大量石油的方法，浮萍是自然界中生长最快的水生植物之一。将这种植物油转化为用于运输和供暖的生物燃料可能是一个更可持续的未来的重要组成部分。)”可知从浮萍中提取的植物油可以转化为生物燃料用于运输和取暖，因此，我们可以得出结论，浮萍植物被用来制造生物燃料，故选C项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词之前“the researchers suggest it could be a game-changing renewable energy source mainly because of the fact that it grows readily in water, so it wouldn’t compete with food crops for agricultural land. Moreover, Shanklin and his team found a way to(研究人员认为，它可能是一种改变游戏规则的可再生能源，主要是因为它很容易在水中生长，所以它不会与粮食作物争夺农业用地。此外，Shanklin和他的团队找到了一种方法)”以及划线词之后“a major biotechnological hurdle.(一个主要的生物技术障碍。)”可知因为浮萍可以被用于制造生物燃料而又不会与粮食作物争夺农业用地，所以Shanklin和他的团队找到了一种方法来克服将从浮萍中提取的植物油转化为生物燃料的技术障碍，所以划线词的意思应为“克服、跨越或避开障碍”，与B项overcome(克服)意思相近，故选B项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This process “went fabulously well,” Roston says. “If it works in other species, this can solve one of our biggest issues, which is how we can make more oil in more plants without negatively affecting growth.”(这个过程“进行得非常顺利，”Roston说。“如果它在其他物种中也有效，就可以解决我们最大的问题之一，那就是我们如何在不影响生长的情况下从更多的植物中提取更多的油。”)”可知我们可以从Roston的话中得知，基因激活方法是有前途的，可以应用于其他物种，提高生物燃料的产量，故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Scientists have figured out how to obtain abundant amounts of oil from duckweed (浮萍), one of nature’s fastest-growing water plants. Changing such plant oil into biofuels for transportation and heating could be a big part of a more sustainable future.(科学家们已经找到了从浮萍中获取大量石油的方法，浮萍是自然界中生长最快的水生植物之一。将这种植物油转化为用于运输和供暖的生物燃料可能是一个更可持续的未来的重要组成部分。)”以及文章其他段落的内容可知文章主要讲述了科学家们如何利用浮萍植物来制造生物燃料，介绍了浮萍植物的特性和优势，以及其在生物燃料制造方面的应用前景，强调了浮萍作为一种可持续、环保的能源来源的重要性，因此B项Duckweed: An ideal green energy source(浮萍：理想的绿色能源)最适合作为文章标题，故选B项。 D The concept of learned helplessness was first coined by psychologists Martin Seligman and Steven Maier in the late 1960s during a series of experiments with dogs. The researchers placed dogs in a situation where they were subjected to unavoidable electric shocks. After these initial experiences, the dogs were later placed in a different situation where they could easily escape the shocks by moving to another part of the chamber. Surprisingly, many of the dogs did not attempt to escape, even when the means to do so were readily available. They had learned to feel helpless. As adults, we often encounter a version of learned helplessness in our daily lives. We face challenges not in the form of electric shocks but in situations where we might feel overwhelmed or powerless, such as long-standing stress at work or repeated personal failures. These experiences can make us believe that we cannot change our circumstances, leading to a passive acceptance of our difficulties. A similar process operates in our approach to problem-solving and goal-setting. In our formative experiences, we may have encountered situations where our efforts to succeed were consistently met with failure, leading to a sense of powerlessness. But the modern world, with its constant demands and high expectations, has greatly changed our environment. We are now constantly faced with new challenges and opportunities. Our modern lifestyle — with its various sources of stress and anxiety — can do to our mental state what unavoidable shocks did to the dogs in Seligman’s experiments. We are tending to submit to hopelessness because our past experiences may have conditioned us to expect failure. But, as we have reshaped the world around us, increasing opportunities for success and personal growth, we still have the same psychological responses we developed in earlier, more challenging environments. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our mindset towards effort and success, we also need to be more conscious of our beliefs about personal competence, resisting the temptation to yield to learned helplessness. By fostering resilience and adopting a growth mindset, we can effectively manage our responses to life’s challenges and seize opportunities for improvement and success. 12. What do we know about learned helplessness according to the text? A. It is a natural response to unavoidable shocks. B. It is primarily caused by modern lifestyle. C. It is a psychological state that can be overcome. D. It is unavoidable in today’s fast-paced world. 13. Which aspect of modern life might lead to powerlessness? A. Advanced technology. B. High physical demands. C. Lasting stress at work. D. Unbalanced career life. 14. What is the author’s attitude towards those who give in to helplessness? A. Indifferent and neutral. B. Dismissive and critical. C. Sympathetic and reserved. D. Understanding and encouraging. 15. What is the underlying logic of the text? A. Cause and effect. B. Problem and solution. C. Comparison and contrast. D. Classification and summary. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了习得性无助的概念及其对人们日常生活和问题解决的影响，指出现代生活带来的挑战和机会需要我们重塑心理响应，培养韧性和成长思维，以应对挑战并抓住成功机会。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The concept of learned helplessness was first coined by psychologists Martin Seligman and Steven Maier in the late 1960s during a series of experiments with dogs. (习得性无助的概念最早是由心理学家马丁·塞利格曼(Martin Seligman)和史蒂文·迈尔(Steven Maier)在20世纪60年代末对狗进行的一系列实验中提出的。)”和最后一段“Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our mindset towards effort and success, we also need to be more conscious of our beliefs about personal competence, resisting the temptation to yield to learned helplessness. By fostering resilience and adopting a growth mindset, we can effectively manage our responses to life’s challenges and seize opportunities for improvement and success. (因此，正如我们需要更多地思考我们对努力和成功的心态一样，我们也需要更多地意识到我们对个人能力的信念，抵制屈服于习得性无助的诱惑。通过培养韧性和采用成长的心态，我们可以有效地管理我们对生活挑战的反应，抓住改善和成功的机会。)”可知习得性无助是一种可以克服的心里状态，故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“As adults, we often encounter a version of learned helplessness in our daily lives. We face challenges not in the form of electric shocks but in situations where we might feel overwhelmed or powerless, such as long-standing stress at work or repeated personal failures. (作为成年人，我们在日常生活中经常遇到一种习得性无助。我们面临的挑战不是电击的形式，而是在我们可能感到不知所措或无能为力的情况下，比如长期的工作压力或反复的个人失败。)”可知工作中的长期压力会导致无力感。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our mindset towards effort and success, we also need to be more conscious of our beliefs about personal competence, resisting the temptation to yield to learned helplessness. By fostering resilience and adopting a growth mindset, we can effectively manage our responses to life’s challenges and seize opportunities for improvement and success. (因此，正如我们需要更多地思考我们对努力和成功的心态一样，我们也需要更多地意识到我们对个人能力的信念，抵制屈服于习得性无助的诱惑。通过培养韧性和采用成长的心态，我们可以有效地管理我们对生活挑战的反应，抓住改善和成功的机会。)”这表明作者对那些屈服于习得性无助的人持理解和鼓励的态度，希望他们能够克服这种心理状态并取得成功。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。本文首先介绍了习得性无助的概念，并指出我们在日常生活中经常遇到类似的情况。接着，文章提到了现代生活方式对我们心理状态的影响，并强调我们需要更加自觉地对待我们对个人能力的信念，抵制向习得性无助屈服的诱惑。最后，文章提出了通过培养韧性和采取成长型思维来有效管理我们对生活挑战的反应并抓住改进和成功的机会的策略。因此，文章的内在逻辑是问题和解决方案的关系，即先提出问题，然后提出解决方案。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Over the past few decades, technology has advanced at an unprecedented rate, revolutionizing industries and shaping new ways of life. ____16____ According to the International Telecommunication Union, a key advocate of technological advancement, the rapid growth of technology has significantly improved the quality of life in numerous communities. It cites studies that show the integration of technology into daily lives has led to increased efficiency, more access to information, and even progress in healthcare in numerous regions. ____17____ Those who embrace technological progress argue that it creates new opportunities for individuals and businesses alike. For instance, farmers in remote areas can now access real-time market information and weather updates through smartphones, enabling them to make more informed decisions about their crops. Additionally, small businesses can expand their reach globally through online platforms. ____18____ They argue that while technology may bring benefits to some, it often expands the difference between the technologically informed and the digitally excluded. Studies conducted by organizations like the United Nations Development Programme reveal that many individuals, particularly those in developing regions or with limited resources, lag behind in accessing and utilizing technological advancements. ____19____ Furthermore, critics fear that the unchecked growth of technology may have negative impacts on society and the environment. For example, the rise of social media and the internet has led to an increase in cyberbullying, privacy concerns, and the spread of misinformation. Moreover, the overuse of technology may contribute to do-nothing lifestyles and other health issues. One thing is certain about technological progress — it is an inevitable trend. The rapid pace of innovation and the widespread availability of technology make it impossible to turn back. ____20____ A. But how can we take control of technology to our advantage? B. The question arises: Is technological progress beneficial for all? C. This digital divide can lead to increased social and economic gaps. D. However, critics of technological advancement hold a different view. E. These advancements have been particularly evident in rural and underserved areas. F. It ensures that the benefits of technological progress are shared equally across society. G. The challenge now is finding ways to command the power of technology to benefit all. 【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文属于议论文。文章主要探讨科技进步对社会的影响。科技进步虽带来诸多好处，但也存在负面影响。文章传递的价值和意义在于提醒人们要理性看待科技进步，努力缩小数字鸿沟，让科技更好地造福人类。 【16题详解】 设空位于首段段尾，应是引出下文，根据后文“Those who embrace technological progress argue that it creates new opportunities for individuals and businesses alike.(那些拥护技术进步的人认为，它为个人和企业都创造了新的机会)”以及“Furthermore, critics fear that the unchecked growth of technology may have negative impacts on society and the environment.(此外，批评者担心技术的无限制发展可能会对社会和环境产生负面影响)”可知，本文主要探讨科技进步对社会的影响，在根据前文“Over the past few decades, technology has advanced at an unprecedented rate, revolutionizing industries and shaping new ways of life.(在过去的几十年里，技术以前所未有的速度发展，彻底改变了工业，塑造了新的生活方式)”可知，B项“The question arises: Is technological progress beneficial for all?(问题来了：技术进步对所有人都有利吗?)”承接上文，并引出下文，符合文意。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“According to the International Telecommunication Union, a key advocate of technological advancement, the rapid growth of technology has significantly improved the quality of life in numerous communities. It cites studies that show the integration of technology into daily lives has led to increased efficiency, more access to information, and even progress in healthcare in numerous regions.(国际电信联盟是技术进步的主要倡导者，根据该联盟的说法，技术的快速发展显著提高了许多社区的生活质量。报告援引的研究表明，在许多地区，技术融入日常生活提高了效率，增加了获取信息的渠道，甚至在医疗保健方面取得了进步)”可知，技术进步显著提高了许多社区的生活质量，有很多技术进步带来的好处，所以E项“These advancements have been particularly evident in rural and underserved areas.(这些进步在农村和服务不足地区尤为明显)”与前文提到的研究结果相契合，符合文意。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Those who embrace technological progress argue that it creates new opportunities for individuals and businesses alike. For instance, farmers in remote areas can now access real-time market information and weather updates through smartphones, enabling them to make more informed decisions about their crops. Additionally, small businesses can expand their reach globally through online platforms.(那些拥护技术进步的人认为，它为个人和企业都创造了新的机会。例如，偏远地区的农民现在可以通过智能手机获取实时市场信息和天气更新，使他们能够对自己的作物做出更明智的决定。此外，小企业可以通过在线平台扩大其全球影响力)”以及后文“They argue that while technology may bring benefits to some, it often expands the difference between the technologically informed and the digitally excluded.(他们认为，虽然技术可能给一些人带来好处，但它往往扩大了掌握技术的人和被数字技术排斥的人之间的差距)”可知，前文提到那些拥抱技术进步的人认为它给个人和企业带来了新的机会，但后文却提到批评者认为技术进步虽然可能给一些人带来好处，但往往扩大了技术知情者和数字排斥者之间的差距，前后是转折关系，所以D项“However, critics of technological advancement hold a different view.(然而，技术进步的批评者持有不同的观点)”和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选D项。 【19题详解】 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“They argue that while technology may bring benefits to some, it often expands the difference between the technologically informed and the digitally excluded. Studies conducted by organizations like the United Nations Development Programme reveal that many individuals, particularly those in developing regions or with limited resources, lag behind in accessing and utilizing technological advancements.(他们认为，虽然技术可能给一些人带来好处，但它往往扩大了掌握技术的人和被数字技术排斥的人之间的差距。联合国开发计划署等组织进行的研究表明，许多人，特别是发展中地区或资源有限的人，在获取和利用技术进步方面落后)”可知，前文提到了技术进步会导致生活在发展中地区或资源有限的人，在获取和利用技术进步方面落后，所以C项“This digital divide can lead to increased social and economic gaps.(这种数字鸿沟可能导致社会和经济差距的扩大)”是对前文坏处的总结，符合文意。故选C项。 【20题详解】 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“One thing is certain about technological progress—it is an inevitable trend. The rapid pace of innovation and the widespread availability of technology make it impossible to turn back.(关于技术进步，有一点是肯定的——它是一个不可避免的趋势。创新的快速步伐和技术的广泛可用性使其不可能倒退)”可知，作者指出，技术进步是不可避免的，所以G项“The challenge now is finding ways to command the power of technology to benefit all.(现在的挑战是找到方法来控制技术的力量，使所有人受益)”承接上文，点出主题，符合语境。故选G项。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Buried deep within the cracks of an old, wooden desk, a worn-out notebook lay forgotten. Its pages, yellowed with ____21____, were scattered with handwritten notes and drawings, each ____22____ a dream or aspiration of its owner, Emily Dickinson. Dickinson, a ____23____ teacher, had passed away peacefully in her sleep, leaving the notebook as one of her few ____24____. There were drafts of traveling to foreign places, notes about learning a new language, and even a few ____25____ about publishing her own book of poems in it. One ____26____ sketch caught her children’s eye as they looked through the pages. It was a drawing of a small cottage ____27____ in the hills, surrounded by greenery and a stream. Dickinson had always dreamed of retiring to such a place, a place where she could find peace and ____28____. Her children decided to fulfil her mother’s dream. They found a cottage ____29____ to the one in the sketch and bought it. They ____30____ it with the furniture and kick-knacks (小摆设) that Dickinson had treasured and turned it into a ____31____ to her life and her dreams. The cottage became a place where Dickinson’s family and friends could gather and shared stories about her. It was a place where they could feel her ____32____ and be inspired by her firm determination. The notebook, now ____33____ on a small table in the cottage’s living room, remains a constant ____34____ of Dickinson’s dreams and aspirations. Her children hope that by keeping it there, they can honor her memory and continue to inspire others to ____35____ their own dreams, just as she had done. 21. A. age B. light C. shade D. colour 22. A. envisioning B. illustrating C. shaping D. recognizing 23. A. devoted B. retired C. professional D. serious 24. A. materials B. masterpieces C. possessions D. instructions 25. A. lyrics B. remarks C. entries D. references 26. A. particular B. random C. typical D. abstract 27. A. resting B. planted C. stretching D. housed 28. A. security B. resolution C. harmony D. accommodation 29. A. relevant B. identical C. opposite D. unique 30. A. provided B. decorated C. covered D. surrounded 31. A. getaway B. dedication C. celebration D. memorial 32. A. existence B. spirit C. atmosphere D. wisdom 33. A. lying B. nesting C. hanging D. reflecting 34. A. reminder B. evidence C. symbol D. relic 35. A. describe B. pursue C. cherish D. embrace 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述一个关于Emily Dickinson遗留的笔记本和其梦想小屋的故事，展现了家人如何完成她的遗愿并以此来纪念她。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的书页因岁月而发黄，散落着手写的笔记和图画，每一页都描绘了它的主人艾米莉·狄金森的一个梦想或愿望。A. age岁月；B. light光线；C. shade阴凉处；D. colour颜色。根据前文“Buried deep within the cracks of an old, wooden desk, a worn-out notebook lay forgotten.”可知，这是一本被人遗忘的旧笔记本，所以书页应是因岁月而发黄。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的书页因岁月而发黄，散落着手写的笔记和图画，每一页都描绘了它的主人艾米莉·狄金森的一个梦想或愿望。A. envisioning想象；B. illustrating(用示例、图画等)说明，加插图于；C. shaping塑造；D. recognizing认识。根据后文“It was a drawing of a small cottage 　　　　7　　　　 in the hills, surrounded by greenery and a stream. Dickinson had always dreamed of retiring to such a place”可知，是用图画描绘了一个梦想或愿望。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：狄金森是一名退休教师，她在睡梦中平静地去世了，笔记本是她为数不多的财产之一。A. devoted忠诚的；B. retired已退休的；C. professional专业的；D. serious严重的。根据后文“had passed away peacefully in her sleep”可知，她在睡梦中平静地去世了，所以是自然老死，推知年纪应该大了，应是一名退休教师。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：狄金森是一名退休教师，她在睡梦中平静地去世了，笔记本是她为数不多的财产之一。A. materials材料；B. masterpieces杰作；C. possessions个人财产；D. instructions说明书。根据前文“leaving the notebook as one of her few”结合选项可知，笔记本应是为数不多的财产，符合语境。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中有去国外旅行的草稿，学习一门新语言的笔记，甚至还有一些关于出版她自己的诗集的记录。A. lyrics歌词；B. remarks言论；C. entries条目；D. references参考。根据后文“about publishing her own book of poems in it”结合选项可知，应是出版她自己的诗集的条目，符合语境。故选C项。 26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们翻看书页时，有一幅特别的素描引起了他们的注意。A. particular特别的；B. random随机的；C. typical典型的；D. abstract摘要。根据后文“Dickinson had always dreamed of retiring to such a place, a place where she could find peace and 　　8　　.”可知，这是狄金森一直梦想着退休后到这样一个地方，所以此处指一幅特别的素描。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一幅画，画的是一座小别墅，坐落在群山之中，周围是绿树和小溪。A. resting倚靠；B. planted种植；C. stretching拉长；D. housed安置。根据前文“It was a drawing of a small cottage”以及后文“in the hills”可知，应是小别墅倚靠这群山，符合语境。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：狄金森一直梦想着退休后到这样一个地方，在那里她可以找到平静与和谐。A. security安全；B. resolution决议；C. harmony和谐；D. accommodation住处。根据前文“she could find peace and”可知，空处和peace并列，根据选项，应是“harmony(和谐)”符合语境。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们找到了一间与素描中一模一样的小屋并买下了它。A. relevant相关的；B. identical完全相同的；C. opposite相反的；D. unique独特的。根据前文“Her children decided to fulfil her mother’s dream.”可知，她的孩子们决定实现她母亲的梦想，所以是找到了一间与素描中一模一样的小屋。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们用迪金森珍爱的家具和小玩意装饰了它，把它变成了她生活和梦想的纪念碑。A. provided提供；B. decorated装饰；C. covered覆盖；D. surrounded包围。根据后文“with the furniture and kick-knacks (小摆设) that Dickinson had treasured”可知，应是用迪金森珍爱的家具和小玩意来装饰小屋。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们用迪金森珍爱的家具和小玩意装饰了它，把它变成了她生活和梦想的纪念物。A. getaway逃跑，假日休闲地；B. dedication奉献；C. celebration庆祝；D. memorial纪念物。根据后文“The cottage became a place where Dickinson’s family and friends could gather and shared stories about her.”以及最后一段中“Her children hope that by keeping it there, they can honor her memory and continue to inspire others...”可知，小屋成了狄金森的家人和朋友聚会分享她故事的地方，把它变成了一个纪念迪金森的物品。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这里，他们可以感受到她的精神，并受到她坚定决心的鼓舞。A. existence存在；B. spirit精神；C. atmosphere气氛；D. wisdom智慧。根据后文“be inspired by her firm determination”可知，迪金森坚定决心能激励他人，所以应是感受她的这种精神。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本笔记本现在放在小屋客厅的一张小桌子上，一直提醒着狄金森的梦想和抱负。A. lying平放在，位于；B. nesting筑巢；C. hanging悬挂；D. reflecting反映。根据后文“on a small table in the cottage’s living room”可知，笔记本应是放在小屋客厅的一张小桌子上。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本笔记本现在放在小屋客厅的一张小桌子上，一直提醒着狄金森的梦想和抱负。A. reminder提醒；B. evidence证据；C. symbol符号；D. relic遗物。根据前文“turned it into a 　　11　 to her life and her dreams.”以及空后“of Dickinson’s dreams and aspirations”可知，这里是为了纪念迪金森，提醒着人们狄金森的梦想和抱负。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的孩子们希望，通过把它留在那里，他们可以纪念她，并继续激励其他人追求自己的梦想，就像她曾经做过的那样。A. describe描述；B. pursue追求；C. cherish珍惜；D. embrace拥抱。根据后文“just as she had done”以及前文可知，狄金森是一个追求自己梦想的人，所以是继续激励其他人追求自己的梦想，就像她曾经做过的那样。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 La rou, or preserved meat, is a winter season specialty in China. They are customarily made during the last lunar month on the ____36____(tradition) Chinese calendar when the temperature is cool ____37____ not freezing to dry and preserve these staples. La rou, generally refers to pork products while other cured meat, la wei, is made across China ____38____(depend) on local availability, using goose, duck, rabbit, and even seafood. The preserved meat ____39____(consider) a form of cultural heritage in many places. Similar to bacon, the Chinese preserved meat is made with large quantities of salt, some of ____40____ are smoked over with fire ____41____(achieve) more flavor. There are many kinds of preserved meat in China with ____42____(incredible) diverse ingredients and recipes, bringing a wide range of flavors from sweet to hot. Each region has its own seasoning and flavor profile. The Cantonese ____43____(vary) is sweet, flavored with sugar, rice wine, and so y sauce. In Sichuan, it tends to be hotter, seasoned with chili pepper and Sichuan pepper powder. Both of them are great choices ____44____ ingredients for dishes like fried rice and vegetable stir-fry. Cured poultry products are commonly found in South China. They are slaughtered, butchered, and rubbed with alcohol before salting, which ____45____(dry) out the meat and prevents bacteria growing on it. 【答案】36. traditional 37. but##yet 38. depending 39. is considered 40. which 41. to achieve 42. incredibly 43. variation 44. as 45. dries 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国冬季特色食品腊肉的制作传统、不同地区的风味差异，以及其在各地文化中的价值。强调了不同地区根据当地资源制作的腊肉品种和独特食谱，展现了中国饮食文化的多样性和丰富性。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它们通常在中国传统农历的最后一个月制作，那时温度凉爽但不结冰，以便晾干和保存这些主食。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，tradition的形容词形式是traditional。故填traditional。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：它们通常在中国传统农历的最后一个月制作，那时温度凉爽但不结冰，以便晾干和保存这些主食。cool和not freezing是转折关系，用but或者yet连接。故填but或者yet。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：腊肉通常指的是猪肉制品，而腊味则是中国各地根据当地的供应情况制作的，原料有鹅肉、鸭肉、兔肉，甚至海鲜。本句已有谓语动词is made，所以depend用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语la wei之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填depending。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：在许多地方，腊肉被认为是一种文化遗产。consider作本句谓语，和主语preserved meat之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故填is considered。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：与培根类似，中国腊肉是用大量的盐制成的，其中一些是用火熏过的，以获得更多的味道。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Chinese preserved meat，在从句中作宾语，用which引导。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与培根类似，中国的腊肉是用大量的盐制成的，其中一些是用火熏过的，以获得更多的味道。本句已有谓语动词are smoked，所以achieve用非谓语形式，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to achieve。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国的腊肉种类繁多，配料和制作方法也非常多样化，从甜到辣的口味也多种多样。空处修饰空后的形容词，用副词。故填incredibly。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：广东的版本是甜的，用糖、米酒和酱油调味。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作主语，vary的名词形式是variation。故填variation。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：它们都是炒饭和炒菜的好选择。此处表达“作为炒饭和炒菜的材料”之意，应用介词as“作为”符合语境。故填as。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他们被宰杀、屠宰，在腌制之前用酒精擦拭，这样可以使肉变干，防止细菌在上面生长。定语从句中and连接两个谓语动词dry和prevent，根据后文的prevents可知，用动词的三单形式。故填dries。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 4月23日是“世界读书日”，你校英文报将以“My Reading Story”为主题，举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。 内容包括： 1. 你的阅读经历或体验； 2. 鼓励读书的倡议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请在答题卡相应位置作答。 My Reading Story ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My Reading Story Reading has always been a significant part of my life. I remember the first time I was captivated by a book; it was “Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone”. The magical world opened my imagination and ignited a lifelong passion for reading. Books have taught me about different cultures, sparked my creativity, and provided comfort in tough times. I strongly advocate for reading as a habit. Let us make time in our busy schedules to pick up a book in the reading corner and immerse ourselves in its world. Let us share our favorite books with friends and family, discussing and debating the ideas we encounter. Together, let’s cultivate a culture of reading that fosters knowledge, understanding, and the joy of learning. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“My Reading Story”为主题写一篇短文参加英语征文比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 热情：passion→enthusiasm 点燃：ignite→light 不同的：different→diverse 提供：provide→offer 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Reading has always been a significant part of my life. 拓展句：Reading, which has always been a significant part of my life, opens up new worlds of knowledge and imagination for me. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Let us share our favorite books with friends and family, discussing and debating the ideas we encounter. (运用了现在分词作状语和省略that的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Together, let’s cultivate a culture of reading that fosters knowledge, understanding, and the joy of learning. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “No, little girl. You can’t get in without the money.” Jeffrey, the bus driver, told a little girl who wanted to get on the bus but only had a few pennies. She must have been around seven years old, and he wasn’t in the mood to deal with unaccompanied children that day. “Please, sir. I want to visit my grandmother,” the little girl begged. “Then go ask your parents for the money and come back next time,” Jeffrey replied and gestured with his hand for the girl to get out. She finally left the bus with her shoulders lowered. Jeffrey saw her sit down at the bus stop and drove off. He finished his route and went home for the lunch, greeting his wife, Greta, and sitting down on the couch to rest. When he browsed his Facebook posts, an image caught his attention. A picture was shared of the little girl he had just turned away a few hours earlier. The word “Missing” was written on top of the image. He learned that the girl had disappeared a day ago, and her parents were desperately trying to find her. “Dear! What have I done?” he asked himself, standing up and going to the front door. When Greta asked where he was going, Jeffrey said, “Greta! Quick! Call 911 and this number,” showing her the picture of the girl. “I saw this girl at a bus stop earlier, and I turned her away because she didn’t have enough money. I’m going to find her, but please make those calls.” Having told her where the bus stop was, he went out. Jeffrey rushed to his car, speeding to the bus stop. Hopefully, the girl was smart enough to stay in one place. He couldn’t believe how careless he had been earlier. She was a little girl all alone. As he drove to the bus stop, Jeffrey vowed to be more careful in the future, especially when it came to children. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Finally, Jeffrey saw a tiny figure sitting on the bench at the spot. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few minutes later, the police and another car approached. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Finally, he saw a tiny figure sitting on the bench at the spot. Jeffery felt relieved and delighted to see the girl staying safe and sound. Trying to calm himself, Jeffery decided to talk to her gently. He inquired about her name and why she had left home. “I was going to Grandma’s house. My mom wouldn’t let me go.” Sarah replied, swinging one of her feet and looking at the concrete floor. “Your parents are searching for you, and they’ll be here soon,” he assured her, and the little girl gave him a small smile. A few minutes later, the police and another car approached them. A woman got out of the vehicle and rushed toward Sarah. The little girl got up and ran to her, yelling, “Mommy!” The police officers approached Jeffrey and he told them the entire story and how he regretted not letting her on the bus, so he came to find her. Sarah’s parents thanked him for what he had done. From then on, Jeffrey helped anyone short on cash who got on his bus, and he always watched out for the kids that were alone because they needed someone like him to do the right job. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了公交车司机Jeffrey一开始拒绝让没有钱的小女孩上车，后来他在Facebook上看到女孩失踪的消息，意识到自己的错误并努力将她找回的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“最后，他看见一个小小的身影坐在原地的长凳上。”可知，第一段可描写Jeffrey抵达公交站并发现小女孩仍然坐在那里的情形以及他对自己行为的反思。 ②由第二段首句内容“几分钟后，警察和另一辆车靠近了他们。”可知，第二段可描写小女孩与她的父母团聚的感人瞬间，以及他们对Jeffrey的感谢及Jeffrey的变化。 2.续写线索：车站看到小姑娘——感到欣慰——安慰小姑娘——女孩与父母团聚——女孩父母感谢——Jeffrey的变化。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①询问：inquire/question/query ②大喊：yell/shout/scream ③靠近；接近：approach/draw near/come near to 情绪类 ①高兴的：delighted/happy/pleased ②温柔地：gently/lightly/softly ③向……保证；确保：assure/guarantee/ensure 【点睛】【高分句型1】Sarah replied, swinging one of her feet and looking at the concrete floor.(运用了现在分词短语作状语) 【高分句型2】 From then on, Jeffrey helped anyone short on cash who got on his bus, and he always watched out for the kids that were alone because they needed someone like him to do the right job.(运用了who和that引导的定语从句和because引导的原因状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$