01 必修一 Unit1 A new start - 2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（外研版2019）

必修第一册 Unit 1　A new start 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 （第二关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）重点短语再现背诵及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 1．________ adj. (地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的 2．________ n. 校园 3．________ n. 作者，作家 4．________ n. 乐队，乐团 5．________ n. 讨论，辩论 6．________ n. 某一时刻 7．________ n. 惊恐，惊慌 8．________ n. 钢琴 9．________ n. 舞台 10．________ n. 话题，论题 11．________ v. 获得，赢得 12．________ n. 计划表，进度表，日程表 13．________ n. 奖，奖赏 14．________ n. 机会，时机 15．________ n. (一次)观看 16．________ adj. 从前的 17．________ n. 看到，看见 18．________ v. 认为，以为 19．________ v. 奋斗，拼搏 20．________ adj. 好的，令人愉快的 21．________ adj. 具体的，特定的 22．________ n. 日记，日志 23．_________ adj. 低年级的 24．________ adv. 向前 25．________ v. 意见、信息等交流 答案： 1．senior　2.campus　3.author　4.band　5.debate 6．moment　7.panic　8.piano　9.stage　10.topic 11．gain　12.schedule　13.award　14.opportunity 15．view　16.former　17.sight　18.figure　 19.struggle　20.neat　21.specific　22.journal　23.junior　24.forward　25.exchange （第二关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 1．curious adj.好奇的→________ adv.好奇地→________ n．好奇心；求知欲 2．impression n．印象，感想→________ vt.给……留下深刻印象→________ adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的 3．tradition n．传统；风俗→________ adj.传统的 4．eagerness n．热切，渴望→________ adj.渴望的；渴求的→________ adv.热切地；渴望地 5．explore v．考察，探险→________ n．探险；探索；探测 6．collection n．(一批)收藏品→________ vt.收集；收藏 _______ n.收集者；收藏家________ adj..可收集的 7．organise v．组织→________ n．组织者→________ n．组织→________ adj.有组织的；有条理的；有秩序的 8．breathe v．呼吸→________ n．呼吸________ adj．喘不过气来的 ________ n．气喘 9．challenge n．挑战　vt.向……挑战→________ adj.挑战性的 10．pressure n．压力→________ v．按；压 ________ adj．紧迫的，不容忽视的 11．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的→________ adv.镇静地，沉着地 12．description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容→________ v．描述；描绘 13．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→________ n．信心；自信 14．photography n．摄影→________ n．照片　vt.给……照相 15．argue v．争论，争辩→________ n．争论，争辩 16．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→________ v．削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利→________ adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地 17．intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的→________ n．智慧 18．investigate vt.& vi.调查→________ n．调查 19．various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→________ n.多样性，种类→________ v．变化；使多样化 20．volunteer n．志愿者　v．自愿做→________ adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的________ adv.自愿地；志愿地； 21．apply v．申请→application n．申请→________ n．申请者 22．graduate v．毕业→________ n．毕业 23．frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→________ vt.使惊吓；吓唬→________ adj.令人恐惧的 24．select v．挑选，选择→________ n．挑选，选择；选拔 25．particular adj.特定的，特指的→________ adv.特别，尤其 26．memorise v．记住，熟记→________ n．记忆 27．improve v．改善，改进→________ n．改善，改进 28．performance n．(工作或活动中的)表现→________ v．表现；表演→________ n．表演者 29．refer v．提到，谈到→________ n．提到，谈到；参考 答案： 1． curiously; curiosity　2.impress; impressive 3．traditional　4.eager; eagerly　5.exploration　 6.collect collector collectable 　7.organiser; organisation; organised　8.breath breathless breathness 9．challenging　10.press 　pressing 11.calmly　12.describe 13．confidence　14.photograph/photo　 15.argument 16．sharpen; sharply　17.intelligence　18.investigation 19．variety; vary　20.voluntary voluntarily　 21.applicant　22.graduation 23．frighten　frightening　24.selection　25.particularly 26．memory　27.improvement　28.perform; performer　29.reference 高频词汇研磨记忆巩固 1. impression n．印象；感想 (1)leave/make a(n)．..impression on/upon sb. 给某人留下……的印象 (2)impress vt. 使……留下深刻印象； 使……铭记 使某人牢记某事 be impressed by/with 对……印象深刻 (3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；感人的 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①With an ________ (impress) 2，000-seat concert hall, St David's Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. ② If you ever get the ________ (impress) that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed，you may be onto something. 能力提升——一句多译 这次活动一定会给每个观众留下印象。(impress) ③This activity will surely ________________． ④Every audience will surely ________________ this activity. ⑤This activity will surely ________________ every audience. 【佳句背诵】　What impressed me most was that they never lost heart when facing difficulties. 使我印象最为深刻的是他们面对困难时从不灰心。 2. curious adj.好奇的；稀奇古怪的 (1)be curious about... 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事 (2)out of curiosity 出于好奇 meet/satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 with curiosity＝curiously 好奇地 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①In senior high school, I was curious ________ the computer and built my first website. ②Meanwhile, over the course of 19th century, electricity went from mere ________ (curious) to a basic necessity. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③人们聚集在周围，好奇地想知道正在发生什么。 People gathered round, ________________________________________． 3. argue v．争论；辩论；说服 (1)argue for... 为……而争论；赞成…… argue against 争辩/反对…… argue with sb.on/about/over sth. 与某人争辩某事 (2)argue sb.into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 (3)argument n. 争论；争辩；论点 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①The great significance of protecting the ocean is beyond ________ (argue)． ②We tried many ways to argue him into ________ (follow) our advice, but in vain. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③我多么后悔与她就那些不那么重要的事情争论，那使我们都很沮丧。 How I regretted ____________________________________________， which made us all upset. 【联想】　“说服某人做某事”的表达形式： ①persuade sb. to do sth. ②persuade sb. into doing sth. ③convince sb. to do sth. ④talk sb. into doing sth. 4. apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用；手压，脚踩；致力于　vi.申请；请求；使用 apply...to... 把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 apply to... 适应……；适用于…… apply (to...) for... (向……)申请…… apply oneself to 集中精力于 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①________ (apply) yourself to your study, you will accomplish your goal. ②I'd appreciate it if you could take my ________ (apply) into account at your convenience. ③To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of ________ (apply) to attend the opening ceremony. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ④他涂了一些药在Jeff的手上，然后开始帮助他们清理搞砸的东西。 He applied some medicine ________ Jeff's hand, and then set out to help them clean up the mess. 【佳句背诵】　 Learning that you are in need of some volunteers to meet the visiting foreign students, I'm gladly writing to apply for this job. 听说你们需要一些志愿者接待来访问我们学校的国外学生，我很高兴写信申请这份工作。 5. frightened adj.恐惧的，害怕的；受惊的 (1)frighten vt. 使吃惊；惊吓 frighten sb. into/out of doing sth. 吓得某人做/不敢做某事 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓得要死 frighten...away/off 把……吓走/跑 (2)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；可怕的 (3)fright n. 恐惧；害怕 with fright 害怕地 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①They frightened the small boy into ________ (tell) them the secret. ②________ (frighten) at the sight of a snake, he got so nervous that he couldn't move at all. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③她被那可怕的景象吓得要死。每当她想到这件事，她就忍不住害怕地浑身发抖。 She _____________________. Whenever she thought of it, she couldn't help trembling from head to foot with fright. 6. various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的 (1)vary vt. 改变；变更 vi. 变化，不同 vary from...to... 由……到……不等 vary in sth. (大小、形状等)不同，有别 vary with... 随……变化，改变 (2)variety n. 种类；多样化 a variety of/varieties of 种种…… 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①[2022·北京卷]Often due to ________ (variety) pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ②Changes in price normally vary ________ changes of supply and need. 能力提升——词汇/句式升级 ③(普通表达)Our school has built a new stadium．It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities. (高级表达)Our school has built a new stadium, ________________________________. (升级加黑词；定语从句) 【佳句背诵】　 I have a great passion for reading, especially the story books, varying from Chinese stories to English stories. 我酷爱读书，尤其是故事书，从中文的到英文的都有。 7. look forward to期望；期待；盼望 look back (on) 回忆，回顾 look out for 注意察看，留心 look down on/upon 轻视，瞧不起 look into 调查，向……里看 look up to 尊敬，敬仰 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①The students are looking forward to ________ (have) an opportunity to explore society for real-life experience. ②He looked forward ________ (see) who was making a loud noise in the crowd. ③As I saw the old photo, I always looked back ________ the scene where we had met. 能力提升——完成句子 ④在中国，尊敬父母和老师是一种美德。 ________________________ our parents and teachers in China. 【名师指津】　look forward to中to为介词。look forward有时表示“向前看”，后面跟to do表示目的。 【佳句背诵】　[2020·浙江7月卷]We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and look forward to your early return to China. 我们真诚地期待着您快点康复，早日回归。 8. be doing...when...正在做某事……这时 (教材原句)I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后的说话声。 be doing...when... 正在……这时…… be about to do...when... 正打算做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要……这时…… had just done...when... 刚做了……这时(突然)…… 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①[2022·新高考卷Ⅱ]Henry ________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. ②I had just turned on the computer ________ my parents came back. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③我正要放弃的时候，老师的表扬给了我回答问题的勇气。 I ________________________________________ the teacher's praise gave me the courage to answer the question. 9. with复合结构 (教材原句)With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 由于紧张，我深吸了一口气。 “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with复合结构，此结构在句中常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，可位于句首或句尾，亦可作后置定语。在此结构中可用形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语。 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①With all the work ________ (do), we went to the nearby neighbourhood and gave them to the people living there. ②With so many tasks ________ (finish), I won't go to see the film tonight. 能力提升——句式升级 ③As time goes by, we are going to graduate from senior high school. (with复合结构) →________________， we are going to graduate from senior high school. 【佳句背诵】　[2022·新高考卷Ⅰ]With his classmates cheering for him, David reached the final line successfully and ranked 10th, which was beyond his expectation. 在同学们的加油声中， David成功地通过了终点线，拿到了第十名的成绩，这是他之前没有想到的。 10. If so条件状语从句的省略 (教材原句)If so, how did you deal with them? 如果是这样的话，你是如何应对的呢？ if ever 如果有过/发生过的话 if any 如果有的话 if possible 如果有可能 if necessary 如果有必要 基础练习——用if的相关短语填空 ①________， try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. ②If we can do that, we can keep up with the times. But ________， we would always fall behind. 能力提升——微写作 ③[2022·北京卷]我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空，我想邀请你给我们做个关于英语写作的在线讲座。 I'm wondering if you are available at the weekend. ________________________________________________________________________. 答案： 1．①impressive　②impression　③impress every audience ④be impressed with/by　⑤leave/make an impression on 2．①about　②curiosity　③curious to know what was happening 3．①argument　②following　③arguing with her about/over/on those less important questions 4．①Applying　②application　③applicants　④to 5．①telling　②Frightened　③was frightened to death by the frightening scene 6．①various　②with　③which has various/varieties of/a variety of well-equipped facilities 7．①having　②to see　③on　④It's a virtue to look up to 8．①was fixing　②when　③was about to give up/was on the point of giving up when 9．①done　②to finish　③With time going by 10．①If possible　②if not　③If so, I intend to invite you to give us an online talk on English writing 高频词汇情境研磨记忆巩固 1．Selected from _____________ (collect) throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. 2．A successful swap depends on the ________ (select) of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. 3．Eventually, I am strongly eager to know which aspects of Chinese traditional culture arouse your ________ (curious) most. 4．It was only a five-week course but it awakened my interest and got my ________ (confident) up. 5．The implications of music on overall well-being are really ________ (impress)． 6．It is different from ________ (tradition) tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas. 7. His ________(eager) to get back to work was quite obvious. 8. We rowed ashore,and then ________ (explore)the island on foot for the rest of the day. 9. He has told me his plans and he made a good a ________(impress) on me. 10. The school often ________(organise) a project in which students bring food and money to share with those in need. 11. My garden was covered with so many ________ (butterfly) that I could hardly see the flowers. 12.A thirteen-year-old girl is being treated after________(breathe) in smoke. 13. People often lose________(conident) when they are criticised (批评). 14. In any case , we need to _______( calm) judge the new things. 15. 10. Destruction of the environment i is one of the most serious________ (challenge)we face. 答案： 1．collections　2.selection　3.curiosity　4.confidence 5．impressive　6.traditional 7.eagerness 8.explored 9. impression 10.organised 11.butterflies 12. breathing 13.confidence 14.calmly15.challenges （第三关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 1. I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 我在看布告板上的照片时,听到身后有声音。 2.Turning around, I saw a white-haired man.我转过身来,看见一位白发老人。 3.How true these words were!这些话是多么真实啊! 4. Before we start , please come to the front one by one and introduce yourself to the class.。 在我们开始之前,请一个接一个地到前面来,向全班作自我介绍。 5. I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! 他自我介绍的时候,我太紧张了,没有注意到。 6. These activities not only help them gain more skills,but also teach them to care about others. 这些活动不仅帮助他们获得更多的技能,而且教会他们关心他人。 7. To help them do this,some senior high schools offer courses in time management. 为了帮助他们做到这一点,一些高中开设了时间管理课程。 8. Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York. 丽莎去年6月份从我们学校毕业,即将去纽约上大学。 9. I feel as if high school was only yesterday!我觉得高中就像在昨天! 10. If so,how did you deal with them?如果是这样的话,你是怎么处理的? 11.So in physics class on Monday, I did the same,but the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn't take everything down 所以在周一的物理课上,我也做了同样的事情,但是老师说得太快了,我不能把所有的事情都记下来 第四关）重点短语再现背诵及情境研磨记忆巩固 1._____________________存在于，在于 2._____________________能够处理 3._____________________起作用，有影响 4._____________________充分利用，尽情享受 5._____________________利用 6._____________________最后但同样重要的 7._____________________以……开始 8._____________________对……负责 9._____________________通向……,导致…… 10._____________________及时，最后，最终 11._____________________成立；设立 12._____________________报名参加(课程等) 13._____________________张贴；搭建 14._____________________参考 15._____________________盼望，期待 16._____________________由于 17._____________________坚持；固守，维持 18._____________________随着时间的流逝，久而久之 19._____________________有机会做某事 20._____________________(与……)相处融洽 答案：1.lie in 2.rise to 3.make a difference 4.make the most of5.take advantage of 6.last but not least 7.begin with 8.be responsible for 9.lead to 10.in time 11.set up12.sign up for 13.put up 14.refer to 15.look forward to 16.as a result of 17.stick to 18.over time19.have an opportunity to do sth.20.get on/along well (with sb./sth.) 情境研磨记忆巩固(选择短语填空） one by one, in panic, in particular, depend on,apply for, take up,care about ,be similar to,look back on, go all out 1. The speaker explained these questions____________________. 2. Now he is in trouble,we should ____________________ to help him. 3. What they should do is to calm down the public whenever they are____________________ 4.I don't ____________________the price, so long as the car is in good condition. 5. Drew made some remarks to nobody ____________________ and said goodbye. 6. ____________________ the past, we feel very proud! 7. The table ____________________too much room and we need a smaller one. 8. The two cats____________________ each other in appearance and size. 9.The development of the food industry ____________________that of agriculture. 10.In order to improve my English,I ____________________ an evening school. 1. one by one 2. go all out 3. in panic 4. care about 5.in particular 6. Looking back on 7. takes up 8. are similar t 9. depends on 10. applied for （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练2 简单句 简单句就是只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句。在简单句中主语和谓语是句子的主干,是句子的核心。 一、认真巩固明确英语常见的句子成分 S(subject)主语,V(verb) 谓语,O(object)宾语，P(predicative)表语,A(adverbial)状语,DO(direct object)直接宾语,IO(indirect object)间接宾语,OC(object complement)宾语补足语 1.主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在 there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 Country music has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) Two will be enough.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式) 2.谓语:说明主语的动作、状态或特征,可以有不同的时态、语态和语气。 (1)简单谓语: We study for the people. (2) 复合谓语: (3) I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing. (4) 3.表语:位于系动词(比如 be)之后,说明主语的身份、特征、属性或状态。 (5) My sister is a nurse.(名词) Is it yours?(代词) (6) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) Seeing is believing.(现在分词) Three times seven is twenty-one.(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby is playing football.(动名词短语) The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over,(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) 4. 宾语:表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后。 5. We like English.(名词) 6. How many dictionaries do you,have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday, (名词化形容词) It began to rain.(不定式) I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语) I think (that) he is fit for his office.(宾语从句) 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,另一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 5.宾补:就是宾语补足语,宾语补足语和宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 His father named him Dongming.(名词) They painted their boat white.(形容词) Let the fresh air in.(副词) You mustn't force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语) We saw her entering the room.(现在分词) We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语) 6.定语:在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。但副词、动词不定式、介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。 Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词) China is a developing country;America is a developed country.(分词) There are thirty women teachers in our school.(名词) His progress in English made us surprised.(代词) Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语) He is reading an article about how to learn English.(介词短语) 7.状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 Light travels most quickly.(副词性词组) He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语) He is sorry to trouble you.(不定式短语) He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语) Once you begin,you must continue.(状语从句)状语种类如下: How about meeting again at six?(时间状语) Last night she didn't go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语) I shall go there if it doesn't rain.(条件状语) Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语) She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语) She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语) In order to catch up with the others,I must work harder.(目的状语) He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语) She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语) I am taller than he is.(比较状语) 二、简单句的基本句型 简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。其他各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来，有七大基本句型: 1.主语+谓语(S+V) 这种句型简称为主谓结构,其谓语一般都是不及物动词。 Things change. The sun is shining. 2.主语十系动词+表语(S+V+P) 189这种句型称为主系表结构,其实系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词,但实质上表语成了谓语。 Mr. Turner is an artist. Everything looks different. 3.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) 这种句型可称为主谓宾结构,它的谓语一般多是及物动词。 He enjoys reading. I want to have a cup of tea. 4.主语+谓语+间接宾语十直接宾语(S+V+IO+ DO) 这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构,其谓语应是可以接双宾语的及物动词,两个宾语一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语,其中指物或指事的就是直接宾语,指人(或动物)的就是间接宾语。 He gave the book to his sister. I showed him my pictures, 5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C) 这种句型可简称为主谓宾宾补结构,其补语是宾语补语,与宾语一起即构成复合宾语。 They called him James. We will keep the table clean. 6.主语+谓语+状语(S+V+A) 这种句型可简称为主谓状结构。 I breathed deeply. They are staying in the Peace Hotel. 7.主语+谓语+宾语+状语(S+V+O+A) 这种句型可简称主谓宾状结构。 I looked at them in panic. They are studying English in the class now. 典型习题精练 I.指出下列句子画线部分是什么句子成分 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4.His job is to train swimmers. 5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 6. His wish is to become a scientist. 7. He wants to finish the work in time. 8. Tom came to ask me for advice. 9. He found it important to master English. 10. Do you have anything else to say? 11.Would you please tell me your address? 12. He sat there,reading a newspaper. 13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 14. He noticed a man enter the room. 15. The apples tasted sweet, I.分析下列句子分别属于哪种基本句型 1. The train is coming. 2. We all like English. 3. Danny looks happy. 4. Mom gave me a present. 5. The story makes me laugh. 6.They work hard. 7. The flower is dead. 8. Plants need water. 9.He gave me some seeds. 10. We should keep the plants in the shade. 参考答案: I.1.主语 2.间接宾语 3.谓语 4.表语 5.宾语 6.表语 7.宾语8.状语9.形式宾语 10.定语 11.双宾语 12.状语 13.表语14.宾语补足语15.表语 1.S+V 2.S+V+O 3.S+V+P 4.S+V+IO+O 5.S+V+O+C 6.S+V+A 7.S+V+P 8.S+V+O 9.S+V+IO+DO 10.S+V+O+A 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修第一册 Unit 1　A new start 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 （第二关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）重点短语再现背诵及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 1．_______________ adj. (地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的 2．_______________ n. 校园 3．_______________ n. 作者，作家 4．_______________ n. 乐队，乐团 5．_______________ n. 讨论，辩论 6．_______________ n. 某一时刻 7．_______________ n. 惊恐，惊慌 8．_______________ n. 钢琴 9．_______________ n. 舞台 10．_______________ n. 话题，论题 11．_______________ v. 获得，赢得 12．_______________ n. 计划表，进度表，日程表 13．_______________ n. 奖，奖赏 14．_______________ n. 机会，时机 15．_______________ n. (一次)观看 16．_______________ adj. 从前的 17．_______________ n. 看到，看见 18．_______________ v. 认为，以为 19．_______________ v. 奋斗，拼搏 20．_______________ adj. 好的，令人愉快的 21．_______________ adj. 具体的，特定的 22．_______________ n. 日记，日志 23．________________ adj. 低年级的 24．_______________ adv. 向前 25．_______________ v. 意见、信息等交流 （第二关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 1．curious adj.好奇的→________ adv.好奇地→________ n．好奇心；求知欲 2．impression n．印象，感想→________ vt.给……留下深刻印象→________ adj.令人钦佩的，给人深刻印象的 3．tradition n．传统；风俗→________ adj.传统的 4．eagerness n．热切，渴望→________ adj.渴望的；渴求的→________ adv.热切地；渴望地 5．explore v．考察，探险→________ n．探险；探索；探测 6．collection n．(一批)收藏品→________ vt.收集；收藏 _______ n.收集者；收藏家________ adj..可收集的 7．organise v．组织→________ n．组织者→________ n．组织→________ adj.有组织的；有条理的；有秩序的 8．breathe v．呼吸→________ n．呼吸________ adj．喘不过气来的 ________ n．气喘 9．challenge n．挑战　vt.向……挑战→________ adj.挑战性的 10．pressure n．压力→________ v．按；压 ________ adj．紧迫的，不容忽视的 11．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的→________ adv.镇静地，沉着地 12．description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容→________ v．描述；描绘 13．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→________ n．信心；自信 14．photography n．摄影→________ n．照片　vt.给……照相 15．argue v．争论，争辩→________ n．争论，争辩 16．sharp adj.锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的→________ v．削尖；磨快；使尖锐；变锋利→________ adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地 17．intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的→________ n．智慧 18．investigate vt.& vi.调查→________ n．调查 19．various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→________ n.多样性，种类→________ v．变化；使多样化 20．volunteer n．志愿者　v．自愿做→________ adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的________ adv.自愿地；志愿地； 21．apply v．申请→application n．申请→________ n．申请者 22．graduate v．毕业→________ n．毕业 23．frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的→________ vt.使惊吓；吓唬→________ adj.令人恐惧的 24．select v．挑选，选择→________ n．挑选，选择；选拔 25．particular adj.特定的，特指的→________ adv.特别，尤其 26．memorise v．记住，熟记→________ n．记忆 27．improve v．改善，改进→________ n．改善，改进 28．performance n．(工作或活动中的)表现→________ v．表现；表演→________ n．表演者 29．refer v．提到，谈到→________ n．提到，谈到；参考 高频词汇研磨记忆巩固 1. impression n．印象；感想 (1)leave/make a(n)．..impression on/upon sb. 给某人留下……的印象 (2)impress vt. 使……留下深刻印象； 使……铭记 使某人牢记某事 be impressed by/with 对……印象深刻 (3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；感人的 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①With an ________ (impress) 2，000-seat concert hall, St David's Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. ② If you ever get the ________ (impress) that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed，you may be onto something. 能力提升——一句多译 这次活动一定会给每个观众留下印象。(impress) ③This activity will surely ________________． ④Every audience will surely ________________ this activity. ⑤This activity will surely ________________ every audience. 【佳句背诵】　What impressed me most was that they never lost heart when facing difficulties. 使我印象最为深刻的是他们面对困难时从不灰心。 2. curious adj.好奇的；稀奇古怪的 (1)be curious about... 对……感到好奇 be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事 (2)out of curiosity 出于好奇 meet/satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 with curiosity＝curiously 好奇地 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①In senior high school, I was curious ________ the computer and built my first website. ②Meanwhile, over the course of 19th century, electricity went from mere ________ (curious) to a basic necessity. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③人们聚集在周围，好奇地想知道正在发生什么。 People gathered round, ________________________________________． 3. argue v．争论；辩论；说服 (1)argue for... 为……而争论；赞成…… argue against 争辩/反对…… argue with sb.on/about/over sth. 与某人争辩某事 (2)argue sb.into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 (3)argument n. 争论；争辩；论点 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①The great significance of protecting the ocean is beyond ________ (argue)． ②We tried many ways to argue him into ________ (follow) our advice, but in vain. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③我多么后悔与她就那些不那么重要的事情争论，那使我们都很沮丧。 How I regretted ____________________________________________， which made us all upset. 【联想】　“说服某人做某事”的表达形式： ①persuade sb. to do sth. ②persuade sb. into doing sth. ③convince sb. to do sth. ④talk sb. into doing sth. 4. apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用；手压，脚踩；致力于　vi.申请；请求；使用 apply...to... 把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 apply to... 适应……；适用于…… apply (to...) for... (向……)申请…… apply oneself to 集中精力于 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①________ (apply) yourself to your study, you will accomplish your goal. ②I'd appreciate it if you could take my ________ (apply) into account at your convenience. ③To my delight, I was chosen from hundreds of ________ (apply) to attend the opening ceremony. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ④他涂了一些药在Jeff的手上，然后开始帮助他们清理搞砸的东西。 He applied some medicine ________ Jeff's hand, and then set out to help them clean up the mess. 【佳句背诵】　 Learning that you are in need of some volunteers to meet the visiting foreign students, I'm gladly writing to apply for this job. 听说你们需要一些志愿者接待来访问我们学校的国外学生，我很高兴写信申请这份工作。 5. frightened adj.恐惧的，害怕的；受惊的 (1)frighten vt. 使吃惊；惊吓 frighten sb. into/out of doing sth. 吓得某人做/不敢做某事 frighten sb. to death 把某人吓得要死 frighten...away/off 把……吓走/跑 (2)frightening adj. 令人恐惧的；可怕的 (3)fright n. 恐惧；害怕 with fright 害怕地 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①They frightened the small boy into ________ (tell) them the secret. ②________ (frighten) at the sight of a snake, he got so nervous that he couldn't move at all. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③她被那可怕的景象吓得要死。每当她想到这件事，她就忍不住害怕地浑身发抖。 She _____________________. Whenever she thought of it, she couldn't help trembling from head to foot with fright. 6. various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的 (1)vary vt. 改变；变更 vi. 变化，不同 vary from...to... 由……到……不等 vary in sth. (大小、形状等)不同，有别 vary with... 随……变化，改变 (2)variety n. 种类；多样化 a variety of/varieties of 种种…… 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①[2022·北京卷]Often due to ________ (variety) pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ②Changes in price normally vary ________ changes of supply and need. 能力提升——词汇/句式升级 ③(普通表达)Our school has built a new stadium．It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities. (高级表达)Our school has built a new stadium, ________________________________. (升级加黑词；定语从句) 【佳句背诵】　 I have a great passion for reading, especially the story books, varying from Chinese stories to English stories. 我酷爱读书，尤其是故事书，从中文的到英文的都有。 7. look forward to期望；期待；盼望 look back (on) 回忆，回顾 look out for 注意察看，留心 look down on/upon 轻视，瞧不起 look into 调查，向……里看 look up to 尊敬，敬仰 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①The students are looking forward to ________ (have) an opportunity to explore society for real-life experience. ②He looked forward ________ (see) who was making a loud noise in the crowd. ③As I saw the old photo, I always looked back ________ the scene where we had met. 能力提升——完成句子 ④在中国，尊敬父母和老师是一种美德。 ________________________ our parents and teachers in China. 【名师指津】　look forward to中to为介词。look forward有时表示“向前看”，后面跟to do表示目的。 【佳句背诵】　[2020·浙江7月卷]We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and look forward to your early return to China. 我们真诚地期待着您快点康复，早日回归。 8. be doing...when...正在做某事……这时 (教材原句)I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后的说话声。 be doing...when... 正在……这时…… be about to do...when... 正打算做……这时…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要……这时…… had just done...when... 刚做了……这时(突然)…… 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①[2022·新高考卷Ⅱ]Henry ________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. ②I had just turned on the computer ________ my parents came back. 能力提升——读后续写生动表达 ③我正要放弃的时候，老师的表扬给了我回答问题的勇气。 I ________________________________________ the teacher's praise gave me the courage to answer the question. 9. with复合结构 (教材原句)With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 由于紧张，我深吸了一口气。 “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with复合结构，此结构在句中常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，可位于句首或句尾，亦可作后置定语。在此结构中可用形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾语补足语。 基础练习——单句语法填空 ①With all the work ________ (do), we went to the nearby neighbourhood and gave them to the people living there. ②With so many tasks ________ (finish), I won't go to see the film tonight. 能力提升——句式升级 ③As time goes by, we are going to graduate from senior high school. (with复合结构) →________________， we are going to graduate from senior high school. 【佳句背诵】　[2022·新高考卷Ⅰ]With his classmates cheering for him, David reached the final line successfully and ranked 10th, which was beyond his expectation. 在同学们的加油声中， David成功地通过了终点线，拿到了第十名的成绩，这是他之前没有想到的。 10. If so条件状语从句的省略 (教材原句)If so, how did you deal with them? 如果是这样的话，你是如何应对的呢？ if ever 如果有过/发生过的话 if any 如果有的话 if possible 如果有可能 if necessary 如果有必要 基础练习——用if的相关短语填空 ①________， try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day. ②If we can do that, we can keep up with the times. But ________， we would always fall behind. 能力提升——微写作 ③[2022·北京卷]我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空，我想邀请你给我们做个关于英语写作的在线讲座。 I'm wondering if you are available at the weekend. ________________________________________________________________________. 高频词汇情境研磨记忆巩固 1．Selected from _____________ (collect) throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. 2．A successful swap depends on the ________ (select) of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. 3．Eventually, I am strongly eager to know which aspects of Chinese traditional culture arouse your ________ (curious) most. 4．It was only a five-week course but it awakened my interest and got my ________ (confident) up. 5．The implications of music on overall well-being are really ________ (impress)． 6．It is different from ________ (tradition) tourism because it allows the traveler to become educated about the areas. 7. His ________(eager) to get back to work was quite obvious. 8. We rowed ashore,and then ________ (explore)the island on foot for the rest of the day. 9. He has told me his plans and he made a good a ________(impress) on me. 10. The school often ________(organise) a project in which students bring food and money to share with those in need. 11. My garden was covered with so many ________ (butterfly) that I could hardly see the flowers. 12.A thirteen-year-old girl is being treated after________(breathe) in smoke. 13. People often lose________(conident) when they are criticised (批评). 14. In any case , we need to _______( calm) judge the new things. 15. 10. Destruction of the environment i is one of the most serious________ (challenge)we face. （第三关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 1. I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 我在看布告板上的照片时,听到身后有声音。 2.Turning around, I saw a white-haired man.我转过身来,看见一位白发老人。 3.How true these words were!这些话是多么真实啊! 4. Before we start , please come to the front one by one and introduce yourself to the class.。 在我们开始之前,请一个接一个地到前面来,向全班作自我介绍。 5. I had been too nervous to pay attention when he introduced himself! 他自我介绍的时候,我太紧张了,没有注意到。 6. These activities not only help them gain more skills,but also teach them to care about others. 这些活动不仅帮助他们获得更多的技能,而且教会他们关心他人。 7. To help them do this,some senior high schools offer courses in time management. 为了帮助他们做到这一点,一些高中开设了时间管理课程。 8. Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York. 丽莎去年6月份从我们学校毕业,即将去纽约上大学。 9. I feel as if high school was only yesterday!我觉得高中就像在昨天! 10. If so,how did you deal with them?如果是这样的话,你是怎么处理的? 11.So in physics class on Monday, I did the same,but the teacher spoke so fast that I couldn't take everything down 所以在周一的物理课上,我也做了同样的事情,但是老师说得太快了,我不能把所有的事情都记下来 第四关）重点短语再现背诵及情境研磨记忆巩固 1._____________________存在于，在于 2._____________________能够处理 3._____________________起作用，有影响 4._____________________充分利用，尽情享受 5._____________________利用 6._____________________最后但同样重要的 7._____________________以……开始 8._____________________对……负责 9._____________________通向……,导致…… 10._____________________及时，最后，最终 11._____________________成立；设立 12._____________________报名参加(课程等) 13._____________________张贴；搭建 14._____________________参考 15._____________________盼望，期待 16._____________________由于 17._____________________坚持；固守，维持 18._____________________随着时间的流逝，久而久之 19._____________________有机会做某事 20._____________________(与……)相处融洽 情境研磨记忆巩固(选择短语填空） one by one, in panic, in particular, depend on,apply for, take up,care about ,be similar to,look back on, go all out 1. The speaker explained these questions____________________. 2. Now he is in trouble,we should ____________________ to help him. 3. What they should do is to calm down the public whenever they are____________________ 4.I don't ____________________the price, so long as the car is in good condition. 5. Drew made some remarks to nobody ____________________ and said goodbye. 6. ____________________ the past, we feel very proud! 7. The table ____________________too much room and we need a smaller one. 8. The two cats____________________ each other in appearance and size. 9.The development of the food industry ____________________that of agriculture. 10.In order to improve my English,I ____________________ an evening school. （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练2 简单句 简单句就是只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句。在简单句中主语和谓语是句子的主干,是句子的核心。 一、认真巩固明确英语常见的句子成分 S(subject)主语,V(verb) 谓语,O(object)宾语，P(predicative)表语,A(adverbial)状语,DO(direct object)直接宾语,IO(indirect object)间接宾语,OC(object complement)宾语补足语 1.主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在 there be结构、疑问句(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 Country music has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) Two will be enough.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式) 2.谓语:说明主语的动作、状态或特征,可以有不同的时态、语态和语气。 (1)简单谓语: We study for the people. (2) 复合谓语: (3) I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing. (4) 3.表语:位于系动词(比如 be)之后,说明主语的身份、特征、属性或状态。 (5) My sister is a nurse.(名词) Is it yours?(代词) (6) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) Seeing is believing.(现在分词) Three times seven is twenty-one.(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby is playing football.(动名词短语) The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over,(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) 4. 宾语:表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后。 5. We like English.(名词) 6. How many dictionaries do you,have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday, (名词化形容词) It began to rain.(不定式) I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语) I think (that) he is fit for his office.(宾语从句) 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,另一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 5.宾补:就是宾语补足语,宾语补足语和宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 His father named him Dongming.(名词) They painted their boat white.(形容词) Let the fresh air in.(副词) You mustn't force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语) We saw her entering the room.(现在分词) We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语) 6.定语:在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫做定语。但副词、动词不定式、介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。 Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词) China is a developing country;America is a developed country.(分词) There are thirty women teachers in our school.(名词) His progress in English made us surprised.(代词) Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语) He is reading an article about how to learn English.(介词短语) 7.状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分,叫做状语。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 Light travels most quickly.(副词性词组) He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语) He is sorry to trouble you.(不定式短语) He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语) Once you begin,you must continue.(状语从句)状语种类如下: How about meeting again at six?(时间状语) Last night she didn't go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语) I shall go there if it doesn't rain.(条件状语) Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语) She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语) She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语) In order to catch up with the others,I must work harder.(目的状语) He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语) She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语) I am taller than he is.(比较状语) 二、简单句的基本句型 简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。其他各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来，有七大基本句型: 1.主语+谓语(S+V) 这种句型简称为主谓结构,其谓语一般都是不及物动词。 Things change. The sun is shining. 2.主语十系动词+表语(S+V+P) 189这种句型称为主系表结构,其实系动词在形式上也是一种谓语动词,但实质上表语成了谓语。 Mr. Turner is an artist. Everything looks different. 3.主语+谓语+宾语(S+V+O) 这种句型可称为主谓宾结构,它的谓语一般多是及物动词。 He enjoys reading. I want to have a cup of tea. 4.主语+谓语+间接宾语十直接宾语(S+V+IO+ DO) 这种句型可称为主谓宾宾结构,其谓语应是可以接双宾语的及物动词,两个宾语一个是间接宾语,一个是直接宾语,其中指物或指事的就是直接宾语,指人(或动物)的就是间接宾语。 He gave the book to his sister. I showed him my pictures, 5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C) 这种句型可简称为主谓宾宾补结构,其补语是宾语补语,与宾语一起即构成复合宾语。 They called him James. We will keep the table clean. 6.主语+谓语+状语(S+V+A) 这种句型可简称为主谓状结构。 I breathed deeply. They are staying in the Peace Hotel. 7.主语+谓语+宾语+状语(S+V+O+A) 这种句型可简称主谓宾状结构。 I looked at them in panic. They are studying English in the class now. 典型习题精练 I.指出下列句子画线部分是什么句子成分 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4.His job is to train swimmers. 5. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 6. His wish is to become a scientist. 7. He wants to finish the work in time. 8. Tom came to ask me for advice. 9. He found it important to master English. 10. Do you have anything else to say? 11.Would you please tell me your address? 12. He sat there,reading a newspaper. 13. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 14. He noticed a man enter the room. 15. The apples tasted sweet, I.分析下列句子分别属于哪种基本句型 1. The train is coming. 2. We all like English. 3. Danny looks happy. 4. Mom gave me a present. 5. The story makes me laugh. 6.They work hard. 7. The flower is dead. 8. Plants need water. 9.He gave me some seeds. 10. We should keep the plants in the shade. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$