精品解析：北京市海淀区北京理工大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题

高一年级 五月英语统练 第一部分：听后选择（共二节，14分） 第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共5分） 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听对话前，你将有5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题，听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. When does the man’s train leave? A. At 8: 05 a. m. B. At 8: 35 a. m. C. At 8: 45 a. m. 2. What will the speakers do tonight? A. See a movie. B. Go to a party. C. Study for a test. 3. Why does the woman call the man? A. To change an arrangement. B. To cancel a meeting. C. To arrange an event. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a gym. B. In a classroom. C. In a sports shop. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间来阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第5 至6 小题。 5. Where does the woman sell her artworks? A. At an online shop, B. At a local store. C. At a museum. 6. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Draw his mother a picture. B. Buy him a present. C. Offer some equipment. 听下面一段对话，回答第7-8小题。 7. What do the speakers have in common? A. They both study law. B. They both act a role in a play. C. They both are foreigners in the UK. 8. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Take a holiday to Canada. B. Visit his university. C. Go to a theater. 听下面一段对话，回答第9-10 小题。 9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Trainer and player. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 10. Why is the man thinking about joining a club? A. To make new friends. B. To discover his interests. C. To help him get into university. 听下面一段对话，回答第11-12小题。 11. What did the man think of his party? A. It was regrettable. B. It was enjoyable. C. It was terrible. 12. What will happen at the woman’s party? A. There will be lots of music. B. People will play games there. C. She will meet some old friends. 听下面一段独白，回答第13-14小题。 13. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Some historical figures. B. A course arrangement. C. Papers’ suggestions. 14. What will the students do on Wednesday? A. Rewrite a paper. B. Hand in a paper. C. Discuss a paper. 第二部分：知识运用（共三节，36分） 第一节 根据首字母，句意和汉语提示填空（共12小题；每小题0.5分，共6分） 1. This i________ was set up in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Good all, a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.（机构, 研究院）（根据中英文提示填空） 【答案】institute##nstitute 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：该研究所由世界上最著名的野生黑猩猩研究专家简·古道尔博士于20世纪90年代初成立。空处用于This之后，谓语动词was set之前，应用名词的单数形式作句子主语，结合首字母以及汉语提示，应用名词institute。故填institute。 2. Every i________ makes a difference.（个人，个体）（根据中英文提示填空） 【答案】individual##ndividual 【解析】 【详解】考查名词句意：每个人都有影响力。根据单词首字母以及限定词every ，可知应填名词individual做主语。故填individual。 3. She has been whole-heartedly c________ to environmental protection.（忠于, 承诺, 投入）（根据中英文提示填空） 【答案】committed##ommitted 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她一直全心全意地致力于环境保护。根据中英文提示可知应用形容词committed“忠于, 承诺, 投入”，作表语。故填committed。 4. It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can i________ thousands of people, and this is what is going to change the world.(参与，包含) (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】involve##nvolve 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：正是通过这种令人兴奋的方式共同行动，我们才能让成千上万的人参与进来，并且这将改变世界。根据中英文提示可知，空处应填动词involve“参与，包含”，情态动词can后应用动词原形。故填involve。 5. Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore c ________ for bike. (方便的) (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】convenient##onvenient 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：阿姆斯特丹是一个骑自行车的好城市，因为它很平坦，所以骑自行车很方便。根据中英文提示可知，空处应填形容词convenient“方便的”在句中作表语。故填convenient。 6. Thus people who wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their d________ and leave them there.(目的地) (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】destination##estination 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：因此，想要使用它们的人不得不把它们带到目的地附近的另一个特殊停车场，然后把它们留在那里。根据中英文提示及空前的their可知，空处应填名词destination作介词near的宾语。故填destination。 7. Thanks to the ideas and e________ of many people, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport.(努力)（根据中英文提示填空） 【答案】efforts##fforts 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：句意：由于许多人的想法和努力，你现在可以享受清新的空气和便捷的交通了。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要名词effort“努力”，为可数名词。根据空前的ideas可知，空处需要该名词的复数形式作并列宾语。故填efforts。 8. The idea of “white bikes” has p________ its way around the world. (骑) (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】pedalled##edalled 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：“白色自行车”的理念已经遍布世界各地。根据中英文提示可知，空处应填动词pedal的适当形式，与空前的has构成现在完成时，应填pedal的过去分词形式pedalled。故填pedalled。 9. In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer t________ system to record their every move!(跟踪)” (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】tracking##racking 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：1999年，“白色自行车”重返阿姆斯特丹——这一次配备了计算机跟踪系统来记录它们的每一个移动！根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要动词track“追踪”。此处需要动名词的形式作定语修饰system，构成“a computer tracking system”，意为“计算机跟踪系统”。故填tracking。 10. Both the l________ and tourists like to use shared bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.(当地人)（根据中英文提示填空） 【答案】locals##ocals 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当地人和游客都喜欢使用共享单车，因为共享单车是一种既便宜又简便的节能方式，能够减少空气和噪音污染，并在城市中享受运动带来的益处。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要名词local“当地人”，为可数名词。根据tourists可知，空处需要该名词的复数形式，作并列主语。故填locals。 11. There are also plenty of places for bicycle p________.(停放)（根据中英文提示填空） 【答案】parking##arking 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：也有很多地方供自行车停放。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要名词parking“停车”。bicycle parking“自行车停放”，为名词短语在句中作宾语。故填parking。 12. Problems can also develop, like the t ________ of bikes and parking issues. (偷窃) (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】theft##heft 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：问题也会出现，比如自行车被盗和停车问题。根据中英文提示可知，空处应填名词theft“偷窃”作介词like的宾语。故填theft。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My adult son walked to the table this morning for breakfast and opened his arms to me. I opened my arms too and gave him a big hug just like I do every morning. And this time when I did, a beautiful memory came back to me. It is ____13____ how one simple act of love can forever ____14____ one’s soul. My Italian Granny had been a big hugger when I was a boy, but my mom had grown up in a more ____15____ household. She hugged me sometimes but less often as I grew into my teenage years. By the time I was a teenager then, except for my Granny, I didn’t hug anyone. When I was sixteen, I left on a trip with a group to ____16____ a Seminary College in the Mid-West. And on our way there, we also stopped by an old Monastery. As we entered, we were ____17____ there by the largest monk I had ever seen. He was over six and a half feet tall with huge arms and a ____18____ voice. And as he greeted us, he gave each one of us a HUGE HUG. When my own turn came, I felt scared but ____19____ in and hugged him back. I felt a warmth in my heart. Later that day I began to wonder why I had ever stopped giving and receiving hugs when they brought so much ____20____. When my own children were born then I ____21____ to never stop hugging them and telling them I loved them. What use are arms after all, if we can’t use them to hug each other. What use are lips if we can’t say “I Love You!” God gives us ____22____ ways to share our kindness and delight here. Let’s use them all to share our love. 13. A. incredible B. enjoyable C. believable D. impossible 14. A. persuade B. instruct C. transform D. understand 15. A. enlightened B. reserved C. energetic D. silent 16. A. tour B. attend C. present D. quit 17. A. laughed B. beaten C. waved D. greeted 18. A. booming B. frightening C. pleasant D. horrible 19. A. reached B. turned C. gave D. stepped 20. A. shock B. satisfaction C. delight D. memories 21. A. intended B. determined C. hesitated D. happened 22. A. practical B. polite C. countless D. different 【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者对拥抱能给人带来快乐的一些感悟。 【13题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，一个简单的爱之举动就能永远改变一个人的灵魂。A. incredible难以置信的；B. enjoyable享受的；C. believable相信的；D. impossible不可能的。根据“how one simple act of love can forever____ one’s soul.”可知，一个简单的爱之举动就能永远改变一个人的灵魂，作者感到难以置信。故选A。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，一个简单的爱之举动就能永远改变一个人的灵魂。A. persuade说服；B. instruct指导；C. transform转变；D. understand理解。根据“ Let’s use them all to share our love.”可知，拥抱这个举动改变了作者。故选C。 【15题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我的意大利奶奶就很喜欢拥抱我，但我的妈妈却在一个比较保守的家庭中长大。A. enlightened开明的；B. reserved保守的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. silent沉默寡言的。根据“She hugged me sometimes but less often as I grew into my teenage years.”可知，妈妈在保守的家庭长大，不太爱拥抱亲人。故选B。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我16岁的时候，我和一群男孩一起去参观位于中西部的一所神学院。A. tour环游；B. attend出席；C. present呈现；D. quit退出。根据“I left on a trip with a group to ____ a Seminary College in the Mid-West. ”可知，作者离开（家）和一群男生去参观大学。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们进入时，我所见过的最高大的僧侣在那里迎接我们。A. laughed大笑；B. beaten打败；C. waved挥手；D. greeted打招呼，迎接。根据“And as he greeted us, he gave each one of us a HUGE HUG.”可知，庙里最高大的僧侣欢迎问候了我们。故选D。 【18题详解】 考查形容词义辨析。句意：他身高超过六英尺半，手臂粗壮，声音洪亮。A. booming洪亮的；B. frightening害怕的；C. pleasant令人愉悦的；D. horrible可怕的。根据“the largest monk I had ever seen. He was over six and a half feet tall with huge arms and”可知，这个僧侣身材高大，声音洪亮。故选A。 19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当轮到我时，我感到很害怕，但还是进入了庙中，回应他的拥抱。A. reached到达；B. turned转变；C. gave给出；D. stepped迈入。根据“he gave each one of us a HUGE HUG”可知，僧侣挨个给我们一个大拥抱，我进入庙中回应他的拥抱。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚些时候，我开始思考，既然拥抱带来如此多的快乐时，为什么我会停止给予和收到拥抱。A. shock惊讶；B. satisfaction满意；C. delight高兴；D. memories回忆。根据“I felt a warmth in my heart”可知，作者感到拥抱带来的快乐。故选C。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我自己的孩子出生时，我决定永远不要停止拥抱他们，告诉他们我爱他们，无论他们长得多大，年龄多大。A. intended打算；B. determined决定；C. hesitated犹豫；D. happened发生。结合上文作者的经历以及“ never stop hugging them and telling them I loved them.”可知，作者在孩子出生时做出了一个决定——不停止拥抱他们。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上帝给了我们无数的方式来分享我们的善意和喜悦。A. practical实用的；B. polite礼貌的；C. countless数不清；D. different不同的。根据“Let’s use them all to share our love.”可知，上帝给了我们无数的方式分享喜悦。故选C。 第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 With the support of fast and stable communication networks, service robots ____23____ (perform) various functions at makeshift hospitals have become a force. They are hard ____24____ (ignore) in Shanghai’s fight ____25____ the latest COVID-19 resurgence. Inside the makeshift hospital in Shanghai New International Expo Centre, the first batch of 28 “disinfection robots” have been put into use. Each of them ____26____ (equip) with three disinfection modules: an ultraviolet lamp, an ultra-dry fog generator and a plasma air purifier, and can work 24 hours a day. 【答案】23. performing 24. to ignore 25. against 26. is equipped 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了上海方舱医院采用服务机器人抗击疫情，配备高效消毒模块的机器人24小时不间断工作，成为不可或缺的力量。 【23题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在快速稳定的通信网络的支持下，在临时医院执行各种功能的服务机器人已经成为一股力量。句中已有谓语have become，空处作非谓语动词，perform与逻辑主语service robots之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填performing。 【24题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在上海抗击最新新冠肺炎疫情的斗争中，它们很难被忽视。be hard to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“做某事很困难”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to ignore。 【25题详解】 考查介词。句意：在上海抗击最新新冠肺炎疫情的斗争中，它们很难被忽视。结合语意可知，此处表示与最新新冠肺炎疫情的斗争，空处应用介词against，fight against表示“与……斗争”，符合题意。故填against。 【26题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：它们每个都配备了三个消毒模块：紫外线灯、超干雾发生器和等离子体空气净化器，可以24小时工作。根据句中can work可知，句子使用一般现在时，equip与主语Each of them之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是Each of them，be动词使用is。故填is equipped。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 “I do know the pain of suffering from disease and the ____27____ ( help) of having no cure… I ____28____ (see) so much sadness and regret in the past years that made me want to make my contributions to medical research, and I believe that cancer can be defeated someday.” A 17-year-old young man from Hangzhou in East China, ____29____ fought cancer for over four years, wrote in his last request for his organs to be donated, People’s Daily reported. 【答案】27. helplessness 28. have seen 29. who 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一位与中国东部杭州的17岁抗癌少年，在与病魔斗争四年多后，临终前请求捐献器官，并表达了对战胜癌症的信念和对医学研究的贡献愿望。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：我知道遭受疾病的痛苦以及无药可医的无助……。由空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知，此处应填入名词形式。根据下文“having no cure (没有治疗方法)”可知，此处表达的是疾病无法治愈的无助感，因此应用help的名词形式helplessness，意为“无助”。故填helplessness。 【28题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，我看到了太多的悲伤和遗憾，这让我想要为医学研究做出贡献，我相信癌症总有一天可以战胜。句中缺少谓语动词，空处应用see的形式作句子的谓语，根据时间状语in the past years可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的状态或动作，主语是I，谓语动词用have seen。故填have seen。 【29题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：据《人民日报》报道，一位来自中国东部杭州的17岁年轻人，与癌症斗争了四年多，他在最后一次请求捐献器官时写道。根据句中有谓语动词fought和wrote，且无法构成并列句可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句的引导词，修饰先行词a 17-year-old young man，先行词指人，且从句中缺少主语，应用关系代词who引导该定语从句。故填who。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Chinese people have a strong need for cultural consumption, and the need pushes people who work in the field of cultural relics and museum to explore ____30____(effect) ways to make cultural relics popular, said Ma Xiaolin, the head of Henan Museum. In recent years, TV shows, performances and cultural products ____31____(relate) to cultural relics have gone viral one by one. ____32____ inspired their creation was the combination of traditional Chinese culture and modern life. Moreover, innovative ideas and new technology come together to enable immersive experience of stories in the history, and social media helps the spread of new cultural products. 【答案】30. effective 31. related 32. What 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了中国人对文化消费的需求推动文物普及新方式的发展，包括融合传统文化与现代生活的文创产品、技术加持的沉浸式体验及社交媒体传播。 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：河南省博物馆馆长马晓林表示，中国人民对文化消费有着强烈的需求，这种需求促使文物和博物馆领域的工作者探索使文物普及的有效方法。空处需要形容词作定语，修饰名词ways，effect的形容词形式为effective“有效的”。故填effective。 【31题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，与文物相关的电视节目、表演和文化产品相继走红。空处需为非谓语动词作定语，修饰products。relate与cultural products之间为动宾关系，所以用过去分词related作定语。故填related。 【32题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：激发他们创作灵感的是中国传统文化与现代生活的结合。空处引导主语从句，主语从句中缺少主语，表示“激发他们创作灵感的事情”，所以用what引导该从句。故填What。 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Beauty and Well-being Benefits of Handed Massage Guns What are they? Originally beloved by athletes, massage guns are gaining popularity as a stress or pain-relieving tool. A quick and convenient alternative to a traditional deep-tissue massage, many offer detachable heads to target calves, ankles or the top s of shoulders, available in a range of sizes and speeds. What are the supposed benefits? If you often find yourself aching after the gym or a long day of work, a massage gun may well be your new best friend. Sending pulses at a steady frequency that is difficult to achieve manually, they allow you to target a specific area of tightness, loosening lactic acid buildup muscle and allowing for greater mobility and muscle flexibility. Even if you’re not so physically active, a couple of minutes of regular massaging can do wonders for your complexion. Through vibration frequency, the movement of a massage gun will encourage blood and lymphatic (淋巴的) circulation, giving a new vibrancy and comfort to skin as toxins (毒素) drain out and oxygen flows through. If you’ve been feeling heavy or struggling to unwind, massage guns are also thought to be a useful tool in the rehabilitation (康复) of depression, anxiety, digestive disorders and stress-related insomnia. Do they actually work? Once you get used to the quiet humming noise the swift, targeted relief a gun can offer more than justifies the initial spend. Leading the market is the Lola, a lightweight handheld gun in a sleek matte finish with four speeds that tucks easily into the pocket of an overnight bag. The key is to operate within your own comfort-be sure to fit the adjustable heads firmly and work through the speed functions slowly, building up to higher pressures only if necessary. While concerns about suitability for specific conditions or injuries should always be discussed with a doctor, the massage gun is certainly proof that both internal and external beauty can be achieved by listening that little bit closer to our bodies. 33. What is not the supposed benefits of handed massage guns? A. To target a specific area of tightness. B. To allow for greater mobility and muscle flexibility. C. To encourage blood and lymphatic circulation. D. To help lactic acid build up in muscles. 34. What can we learn about handed massage guns? A. Many offer fixed heads to target diverse muscles. B. The initial spend is too high to be justified by their functions. C. They can help rehabilitate people with depression and anxiety. D. Their suitability for specific conditions and injuries is certain. 35. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To show the beauty and well-being benefits of handed massage guns. B. To inform us the availability of different sizes of handed massage guns. C. To share with us the popularity of handed massage guns among athletes. D. To compare handed massage guns with doctors on suitability for injuries. 【答案】33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了手持按摩枪在美容和健康方面的益处。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章What are the supposed benefits?部分第一段“Sending pulses at a steady frequency that is difficult to achieve manually, they allow you to target a specific area of tightness, loosening lactic acid buildup muscle and allowing for greater mobility and muscle flexibility.(以难以手动实现的稳定频率发送脉冲，可以让你瞄准特定的紧绷区域，放松乳酸堆积的肌肉，并提高灵活性和肌肉灵活性)”可知，帮助乳酸在肌肉中积累并不是手持按摩枪的预期益处，相反，它是帮助缓解乳酸积累。故选D项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章What are the supposed benefits?部分第二段“If you’ve been feeling heavy or struggling to unwind, massage guns are also thought to be a useful tool in the rehabilitation of depression, anxiety, digestive disorders and stress-related insomnia.(如果你一直感到沉重或难以放松，按摩枪也被认为是治疗抑郁症、焦虑症、消化系统紊乱和压力相关失眠的有用工具)”可知，手持按摩枪可以帮助康复有抑郁和焦虑问题的人群。故选C项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。结合全文及文章标题“Beauty and Well-being Benefits of Handed Massage Guns(手持按摩枪的美容与健康益处)”可知，本文的主要目的是展示手持按摩枪在美容和健康方面的益处。故选A项。 B A child science genius(天才)has wowed his professors and classmates by becoming a college graduate at the age of 13. Elliott Tanner recently graduated from the University of Minnesota with a bachelor’s (学士) degree in physics, with a minor in mathematics. Elliott’s parents are very proud of the hard work and devotion he showed to get his degree at such a young age and are pleased that he has become an inspiration to lots of people. Elliott’s mom said, “He also inspires us to be better people every day.” Elliott’s parents first realized their son was gifted at the age 3 when he displayed amazing language and math skills. It became clear that a traditional education experience would not be a good fit for him. Elliott was then homeschooled by his parents. “Elliott ended up learning and using information quicker than we could provide it,” his mother added. By age 9, Elliott had already completed most of the normal high school courses, and his parents were struggling to keep up with him. So they sent him to the local community college, where Elliott really developed his passion (热爱) for physics. “For a long time, I wanted to be a mathematician,” Elliott said. “Then I was introduced to a physics class, and that really inspired me to learn more about the secrets of the world.” When he was 11 years old, Elliott moved to the University of Minnesota to start studying physics and math. Although his college experience is a little different from that of his classmates, Elliott still hangs out with his peers in the student lounge, discussing homework, debating physics topics or watching movies. Being with people that are just as passionate about physics as he is has been pleasing enough for him. One of the biggest challenges Elliott and his family have faced is criticism online from people who make judgments about what his life must be like. Many people believe he can’t have many social skills. However, Elliott has always enjoyed interacting with kids his own age. He loves playing with other neighborhood children, and just like the other kids, Elliott goes trick-or-treating on Halloween, but in an academic way: He dresses up as Albert Einstein, his favorite scientist. Elliott has been accepted into the University of Minnesota’s PhD program and will start his study next year. In the future, Elliott aims to be a professor at the University of Minnesota and become an expert in physics. “I can’t wait to get started,” he said. 36. What did Elliott’s parents do when they realized he was gifted? A. They sent him to a normal high school. B. They asked for advice from universities. C. They taught him by themselves at home. D. They helped him fit into traditional education. 37. When Elliott moved to the University of Minnesota, he ______. A. discovered his passion for physics B. enjoyed staying with his classmates C. dressed up as Albert Einstein in class D. refused to play with kids his own age 38. What can we learn from the passage? A. Elliott has few social skills. B. Elliott loves exploring the world. C. Elliott has no talent for language. D. Elliott hopes to be a mathematician. 39. From Elliott’s story, we know that ______. A. physics is the most important subject B. children should be educated at home C. geniuses need support just as we do D. the earlier kids start school, the better 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介讲述美国神童9岁上大学，13岁被博士班录取，梦想成为理论物理学家。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“It became clear that a traditional education experience would not be a good fit for him. Elliott was then homeschooled by his parents. (很明显，传统的教育经历并不适合他。埃利奥特在家里接受父母的教育。)”可知，埃利奥特的父母发现他有天赋后，他们在家自己教他。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“When he was 11 years old, Elliott moved to the University of Minnesota to start studying physics and math. Although his college experience is a little different from that of his classmates, Elliott still hangs out with his peers in the student lounge, discussing homework, debating physics topics or watching movies. Being with people that are just as passionate about physics as he is has been pleasing enough for him. (11岁时，埃利奥特搬到明尼苏达大学开始学习物理和数学。尽管他的大学经历与他的同学们有些不同，但埃利奥特仍然和他的同学们在学生休息室闲逛，讨论作业，辩论物理话题或看电影。和他一样对物理充满热情的人在一起对他来说已经足够愉快了。)”可知，当埃利奥特搬到明尼苏达大学时，他喜欢和同学呆在一起。故选B。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Then I was introduced to a physics class, and that really inspired me to learn more about the secrets of the world. (后来我被介绍上了一门物理课，这真的激励了我去了解更多关于世界的秘密。)”可知，埃利奥特喜欢探索世界。故选B。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Elliott was then homeschooled by his parents. (埃利奥特在家里接受父母的教育。)” 和第六段“One of the biggest challenges Elliott and his family have faced is criticism online from people who make judgments about what his life must be like.(埃利奥特和他的家人面临的最大挑战之一是网上那些对他的生活做出判断的人的批评。)”可推断，从艾略特的故事中，我们知道天才和我们一样需要家人和社会的支持。故选C。 C The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn’t always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle’s “great conservation success story”. The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. “It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,” he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat. But such threat tended to be overstated. Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection — the Bald Eagle Protection Act. However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number — totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. “At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,” Davis said. “That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.” “We stepped up.” He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch “hugely successful” eagle protection projects. By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today’s number is somewhere around 500,000. For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers. 40. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time? A. The illegal hunting. B. The loose control of guns. C. The attack from other animals. D. The misunderstanding of their threat. 41. What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects? A. The outbreak of World War II. B. The overuse of DDT nationwide. C. The disappearance of eagle habitat. D. The worsening of eagles’ living condition. 42. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell a story of a dying species. B. To advertise the book of Jack E. Davis. C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife. D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles. 【答案】40. D 41. D 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了秃鹰面临的两次灭绝，在政府和一些野生动物保护组织的努力下，秃鹰从美国濒临灭绝物种名单中消除。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. ‘It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,’ he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat.(秃鹰曾两次面临灭绝。第一次发生在19世纪后期。“那时，秃鹰一被发生就会遭到射杀，”他说。他解释说，秃鹰被视为一种危险的动物，被认为是一种威胁。)”可知，19世纪末期，秃鹰被猎杀是因为人们认为秃鹰是一种威胁，这让秃鹰几乎灭绝。故选D项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,’ Davis said. ‘That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.’ ‘We stepped up.’ He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch ‘hugely successful’ eagle protection projects.(“当时，全国只有大约三分之一的水域可以安全游泳和钓鱼，”戴维斯说。“那是鹰的栖息地，也是我们的栖息地。”“我们站了出来。” 他提到，这种情况让非营利组织Fish and Wildlife启动了“hugely successful”鹰保护项目。)”可知，老鹰生存条件的恶化促使非营利性组织Fish and Wildlife发起鹰保护项目。故选D项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers. (戴维斯说，对于那些希望帮助白头鹰和其他濒危动物恢复的人来说，几乎每个州都有一个接受捐款、欢迎游客和志愿者的中心。)”可知，每个州都有接受捐赠并欢迎游客和志愿者的中心，这是对人们发起号召，让大家行动起来保护野生动物，再结合本文介绍的秃鹰两次濒临灭绝的情况综合推断可知，这篇文章是为了提升人们保护野生动物的意识。故选C项。 D Chemists have spent the past century trying to make plastics that will break down in seawater. As it is, most plastics appear to take centuries to fully degrade in the ocean. But that may change. Scientists have just designed a new plastic that can break down in seawater within weeks, not decades or more. Back in the 1930s, scientists created a now-popular plastic out of corn and potato starch (淀粉). It’s known as polylactide, or PLA. It’s a polymer (聚合物), which is a molecule made by linking many building blocks — called monomers — into a long string. Scientists had hoped PLA would quickly break down in the environment. And in some places, like compost pits (堆肥坑), it does. But not in seawater. Even after three years in ocean water, PLA remains largely unchanged. Timo Rheinberger is a PhD student at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. His work on polymers has focused on boosting PLA’s breakdown. As part of that work, he became part of a team that just added some RNA-inspired breaking points to PLA. They put those breaking points in places where monomers in the PLA molecules are linked. They weakened the links that joined up to 15 percent of a PLA’s monomers. Then, they soaked their samples in artificial seawater and measured how fast these tweaked versions of PLA broke down. The expected final product of PLA’s breakdown was a small molecule called lactic acid. So, they tested for that too. As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down. When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years. This suggests the team can design how quickly PLA will break down in water by adjusting how many weakened links it has. Mehlika Karamanlioglu teaches biomedical engineering at Istanbul Gelisim University. She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “a preliminary study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. Scientists want to know how the strength of the new PLA compares to old PLA. Rheinberger agrees. “You need a lot of material to start those studies,” he adds. And so far, his team has made only small amounts of the modified PLA. Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes (微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation. 43. What can we learn about PLA from the passage? A. Lactic acid prevents the breakdown of PLA. B. PLA breaks down faster in artificial seawater. C. PLA’s breakdown relies on that of monomers. D. Compost pits are the best places for PLA’s breakdown. 44. What does the underlined word “preliminary” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Systematic. B. Comparative. C. In-depth. D. Early-stage. 45. What is Mehlika’s attitude towards the findings of the Dutch team? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 46. What can be learned from the last three paragraphs? A. Mehlika is confident about the application of the new PLA. B. The cleanness of water also affects the breakdown of PLA. C. The new PLA has better strength than the old PLA. D. The new PLA have been produced in large amounts. 【答案】43. C 44. D 45. D 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家们设计了一种新型塑料，可以在海洋中迅速分解。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down. (正如研究小组所希望的那样，海水攻击了单体之间薄弱的连接，使聚合物链断裂。研究人员在聚合物中添加的断点越多，PLA分解的速度就越快)”和第六段“When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years.(当他们削弱PLA 15%的单体连接时，聚合物在两周内完全分解。当他们只削弱了3%的联系时，这种破坏持续了大约2年)”可知，PLA的分解依赖于单体的分解。故选C。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后句“So, more testing must follow. (因此，必须进行更多的测试)” 可知，他们的研究只是“初步研究”。由此推知，划线词preliminary与early-stage(早期阶段，早期的)意思接近。故选D。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段“She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “a preliminary study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. (她也研究过PLA的环境破坏。“这是一种新方法，”她谈到荷兰的技术时说。Karamanlioglu说，他们的研究也是“初步研究”。因此，必须进行更多的测试)” 可推断，Mehlika对荷兰研究小组的发现持谨慎态度。故选D。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后三段，尤其是最后一段“Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes (微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation. (Karamanlioglu指出，荷兰研究小组还测试了PLA在人工海水中的分解。她补充说：“我想知道他们是否检查了（水）污染。”如果有微生物，这些微生物可能产生了一种叫做酶的分子，加速PLA的降解)” 可知，水的清洁度也会影响PLA的分解。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What’s the first thing you remember doing? It could be playing with your friends at school, or going to a birthday party and eating amazing cake. ____47____ Did those special moments really happen or did we make them up? It’s a strange concept to grasp, but according to research, about four out of ten of us invent our first childhood memory. Rather than having experienced something, we could have fabricated a fake memory from videos or photos we’ve seen. We could have been influenced by a story recounted to us that spurs our minds on to adopt someone else’s memory as our own. ____48____ ____49____ Well, our ability to retain memories from before the age of two isn’t great. While at that age we do have short-term memories, according to Catherine Loveday, an expert in autobiographical memory at the University of Westminster, the memories that infants make are not long-lasting. ____50____ Some scientists also believe that as we get older, our childhood memories fade and after the age of seven, we get some kind of “childhood amnesia (健忘症)”. So why do we create fake memories? Some experts believe that there is a clear desire for a sense of self and having a cohesive (连贯的) story of our existence. ____51____ As we get older, we want to have a complete picture of our entire lives. So, the next time someone says they have a clear memory from when they were one or even before just remember that while it could be true, there’s a chance they just invented it at some point in their lives. A. But why don’t we have clear memories from that age? B. It happens to everyone no matter how educated he or she is. C. This is possibly due to the rapid creation of brain cells in our early years. D. We often talk about these memories with our families as if it were what happened yesterday. E. Creating memories can fill in the gaps giving us a more complete structure for our early lives. F. Most of us have a treasured early memory of our childhood, but can we really believe those vivid memories? G. What it means is that memories of our younger years, especially before the age of two, may be inaccurate, or entirely false. 【答案】47. F 48. G 49. A 50. C 51. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了人们最初的记忆可能并非真实经历，而是基于照片、视频或他人叙述构建的虚假记忆，并分析了儿童早期记忆缺失的原因。 【47题详解】 上文“It could be playing with your friends at school, or going to a birthday party and eating amazing cake.(它可以是在学校和你的朋友一起玩，或者去参加生日聚会，吃美味的蛋糕)”及下文“Did those special moments really happen or did we make them up?(那些特殊的时刻真的发生了吗？还是我们编造的？)”说明了一些特别的童年时刻，转而讨论这些特殊时刻的真实性，空处应是一个承上启下的过渡句，F选项“我们大多数人都珍视着自己童年的早期记忆，但我们真的能相信那些生动的记忆吗？”承接上文的同时提出了对这些记忆真实性的疑问，与上下文紧密相连，符合语境。故选F。 【48题详解】 上文“Rather than having experienced something, we could have fabricated a fake memory from videos or photos we’ve seen. We could have been influenced by a story recounted to us that spurs our minds on to adopt someone else’s memory as our own.(与其说我们经历过什么，不如说我们可以从我们看到的视频或照片中编造出一段虚假的记忆。我们可能受到了一个故事的影响，这个故事激励我们把别人的记忆当作自己的记忆)”说明我们可能会从看过的视频或照片中虚构出假的记忆，或是受到他人故事的影响而将他人的记忆当作自己的，G选项“这意味着，我们年轻时的记忆，尤其是两岁之前的记忆，可能是不准确的，或者完全是错误的。”对上文所述现象的总结，并进一步阐述其含义，符合语境。故选G。 【49题详解】 下文“Well, our ability to retain memories from before the age of two isn’t great. While at that age we do have short-term memories, according to Catherine Loveday, an expert in autobiographical memory at the University of Westminster, the memories that infants make are not long-lasting.(嗯，我们保留两岁之前记忆的能力并不强。威斯敏斯特大学自传体记忆专家Catherine Loveday表示，虽然在那个年龄段，我们确实有短期记忆，但婴儿的记忆并不持久)”说明为什么我们在两岁前的记忆保留能力不强，提到了儿童时期的短期记忆问题以及专家的观点。空处承上启下，A选项“但为什么我们对那个时代没有清晰的记忆呢？”以提问的形式衔接上下文，引出了下一段关于记忆能力在婴幼儿时期为何不强的科学解释。与后文内容“our ability to retain memories from before the age of two isn’t great(我们保留两岁之前记忆的能力不强)”紧密衔接，符合语境。故选A。 【50题详解】 上文“While at that age we do have short-term memories, according to Catherine Loveday, an expert in autobiographical memory at the University of Westminster, the memories that infants make are not long-lasting.(威斯敏斯特大学自传体记忆专家Catherine Loveday表示，虽然在那个年龄段，我们确实有短期记忆，但婴儿的记忆并不持久)”说明婴幼儿时期记忆的不持久性，C选项“这可能是因为我们在早年大脑细胞的快速生成。”提供了一个可能的原因，解释了为什么那个年龄段的记忆不容易保留，符合语境。故选C。 【51题详解】 上文“So why do we create fake memories? Some experts believe that there is a clear desire for a sense of self and having a cohesive (连贯的) story of our existence.(那么，我们为什么会创造虚假的记忆呢？一些专家认为，这是出于一种对自我认同感的明确需求，以及拥有一个关于我们存在的连贯故事)”及下文“As we get older, we want to have a complete picture of our entire lives.(随着年龄的增长，我们希望对自己的整个生活有一个完整的了解)”说明我们会创造虚假记忆的一个原因是我们渴望有一个自我认同感和连贯的人生故事对自己的整个生活有一个完整的了解，E选项“创造记忆可以填补空白——给我们早年的生活一个更完整的结构。”与上文形成递进关系，进一步解释了创造记忆的行为如何帮助我们构建一个更加完整的人生叙事，同时“a more complete structure”与下文的“a complete picture”相呼应，符合上下文逻辑。故选E。 第四部分：书面表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Balancing Trees and CO2 Tree planting used to be regarded as an effective means of reducing climate change. Perhaps it’s time for us to rethink this practice. Trees pull CO2 from the air. This effectively removes CO2 from the atmosphere. But trees only hold onto CO2 as long as they’re alive. Once they die, trees decay (腐烂) and release that CO2 back into the atmosphere. Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than ever. The rise of CO2, mainly due to burning fossil fuels, is probably driving that rapid growth, said Roel Brienen, a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds, UK. High levels of CO2 are increasing temperatures, which in turn speeds tree growth in those areas, he added. The faster trees grow, the faster they store carbon. It seems like good news. However, it is known that fast-growing tree species, in general, live shorter lives than their slow-growing relatives. In order to see whether the growth-lifespan trade-off (生长与寿命之间的权衡) is a universal phenomenon, Brienen and his colleagues analyzed over 210,000 individual tree ring records of 110 tree species from more than 79,000 sites worldwide. They found that, in almost all habitats and all sites, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species, and even within a species, the trade-off between growth and life span held strong. The team also created a computer program that modeled a forest and tweaked (微量调整) the growth of the trees in this model. Early on, it showed that “the forest could hold more carbon as the trees grew faster”, Brienen reported. But after 20 years, these trees started dying and losing this extra carbon again. “We must understand that the only solution to bringing down CO2 levels is to stop emitting (排放) it into the atmosphere,” said Brienen. 52. What does “this practice” in Para.1 refer to? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. Why are trees around the world growing faster than ever? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the reason. The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. Please briefly present what you can do in daily life to reduce the emission of CO2.（about 40 words） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】52. Planting trees to reduce climate change. ##Tree planting is used to reduce climate change.##Using tree planting to reduce climate change. 53. Because of the rise of CO2 from burning fossil fuels.##Because of the rise of CO2.##Because burning fossil fuels leads to the rise of CO2. 54. The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live. Because Berienen and his team found that faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species.##According to Berienen and his team’s research, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species.##Because fast-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species. 55. There are many things I can do to help. Firstly, I’ll take a reusable cloth bag and say no to plastic bags while shopping, for it can save energy and reduce pollution. Secondly, when I go somewhere, I’ll choose public transportation instead of private cars to reduce the emission of CO2. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了针对全球气候变暖，树已经不能作为可靠的解决方法。目前最有效的方法是节能减排，降低二氧化碳的排放。 【52题详解】 词义猜测题。由第一段中的”Tree planting used to be regarded as an effective means of reducing climate change. Perhaps it’s time for us to rethink this practice. (植树曾被认为是减少气候变化的有效手段。也许是时候让我们重新思考这种做法了。)”，可知以前可以通过植树来减少气候变化，this practice在此处意为“植树来减少气候变化”。故答案填Planting trees to reduce climate change. /Tree planting is used to reduce climate change./Using tree planting to reduce climate change. 【53题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中的“The rise of CO2, mainly due to burning fossil fuels, is probably driving that rapid growth, said Roel Brienen, a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds, UK. High levels of CO2 are increasing temperatures, which in turn speeds tree growth in those areas, he added. (主要由于燃烧化石燃料的二氧化碳的增加可能推动了这种快速增长，英国利兹大学的森林生态学家Roel Brienen说。他补充说，高水平的二氧化碳会使温度升高，这反过来又加速了这些地区的树木生长。)”可知，是因为燃烧化石燃料产生的二氧化碳的增加，才使世界各地的树木生长得比以往任何时候都快，故答案填Because of the rise of CO2 from burning fossil fuels. /Because of the rise of CO2./Because burning fossil fuels leads to the rise of CO2. 【54题详解】 细节理解题。“The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live.(研究小组发现，树木生长越快，储存二氧化碳的速度就越快，寿命也就越长。)”由第四段中的“They found that, in almost all habitats and all sites, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species, and even within a species, the trade-off between growth and lifespan held strong.(他们发现，在几乎所有的栖息地和所有的地点，生长较快的树种比生长较慢的树种死得早，甚至在一个物种内，生长和寿命之间的权衡也很重要。)”，可知Berienen和他的团队发现生长较快的树种比生长较慢的树种死得早，说明生长较快的树种寿命短，因此“the longer lives they live”（寿命也就越长）错了。故答案填The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live. Because Berienen and his team found that faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species./According to Berienen and his team’s research, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species./Because fast-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species. 【55题详解】 开放答题。根据文章大意及自身经历，思考在日常生活中可以做什么来减少二氧化碳的排放，比如利用布袋购物或乘坐公共交通工具来节约能源，减少二氧化碳的排放等，故答案填There are many things I can do to help. Firstly, I’ll take a reusable cloth bag and say no to plastic bags while shopping, for it can save energy and reduce pollution. Secondly, when I go somewhere, I’ll choose public transportation instead of private cars to reduce the emission of CO2. 听力1-4:CAAC 5-14:BACCACBABB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高一年级 五月英语统练 第一部分：听后选择（共二节，14分） 第一节（共4小题；每小题1分，共5分） 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听对话前，你将有5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题，听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. When does the man’s train leave? A. At 8: 05 a. m. B. At 8: 35 a. m. C. At 8: 45 a. m. 2. What will the speakers do tonight? A. See a movie. B. Go to a party. C. Study for a test. 3. Why does the woman call the man? A. To change an arrangement. B. To cancel a meeting. C. To arrange an event. 4. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a gym. B. In a classroom. C. In a sports shop. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间来阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第5 至6 小题。 5. Where does the woman sell her artworks? A. At an online shop, B. At a local store. C. At a museum. 6. What does the man want the woman to do? A. Draw his mother a picture. B. Buy him a present. C. Offer some equipment. 听下面一段对话，回答第7-8小题。 7. What do the speakers have in common? A. They both study law. B. They both act a role in a play. C. They both are foreigners in the UK. 8. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Take a holiday to Canada. B. Visit his university. C. Go to a theater. 听下面一段对话，回答第9-10 小题。 9. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Trainer and player. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 10. Why is the man thinking about joining a club? A. To make new friends. B. To discover his interests. C. To help him get into university. 听下面一段对话，回答第11-12小题。 11. What did the man think of his party? A. It was regrettable. B. It was enjoyable. C. It was terrible. 12. What will happen at the woman’s party? A. There will be lots of music. B. People will play games there. C. She will meet some old friends. 听下面一段独白，回答第13-14小题。 13. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. Some historical figures. B. A course arrangement. C. Papers’ suggestions. 14. What will the students do on Wednesday? A. Rewrite a paper. B. Hand in a paper. C. Discuss a paper. 第二部分：知识运用（共三节，36分） 第一节 根据首字母，句意和汉语提示填空（共12小题；每小题0.5分，共6分） 1. This i________ was set up in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Good all, a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.（机构, 研究院）（根据中英文提示填空） 2. Every i________ makes a difference.（个人，个体）（根据中英文提示填空） 3. She has been whole-heartedly c________ to environmental protection.（忠于, 承诺, 投入）（根据中英文提示填空） 4. It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can i________ thousands of people, and this is what is going to change the world.(参与，包含) (根据中英文提示填空) 5. Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore c ________ for bike. (方便的) (根据中英文提示填空) 6. Thus people who wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their d________ and leave them there.(目的地) (根据中英文提示填空) 7. Thanks to the ideas and e________ of many people, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport.(努力)（根据中英文提示填空） 8. The idea of “white bikes” has p________ its way around the world. (骑) (根据中英文提示填空) 9. In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer t________ system to record their every move!(跟踪)” (根据中英文提示填空) 10. Both the l________ and tourists like to use shared bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.(当地人)（根据中英文提示填空） 11. There are also plenty of places for bicycle p________.(停放)（根据中英文提示填空） 12. Problems can also develop, like the t ________ of bikes and parking issues. (偷窃) (根据中英文提示填空) 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My adult son walked to the table this morning for breakfast and opened his arms to me. I opened my arms too and gave him a big hug just like I do every morning. And this time when I did, a beautiful memory came back to me. It is ____13____ how one simple act of love can forever ____14____ one’s soul. My Italian Granny had been a big hugger when I was a boy, but my mom had grown up in a more ____15____ household. She hugged me sometimes but less often as I grew into my teenage years. By the time I was a teenager then, except for my Granny, I didn’t hug anyone. When I was sixteen, I left on a trip with a group to ____16____ a Seminary College in the Mid-West. And on our way there, we also stopped by an old Monastery. As we entered, we were ____17____ there by the largest monk I had ever seen. He was over six and a half feet tall with huge arms and a ____18____ voice. And as he greeted us, he gave each one of us a HUGE HUG. When my own turn came, I felt scared but ____19____ in and hugged him back. I felt a warmth in my heart. Later that day I began to wonder why I had ever stopped giving and receiving hugs when they brought so much ____20____. When my own children were born then I ____21____ to never stop hugging them and telling them I loved them. What use are arms, after all, if we can’t use them to hug each other. What use are lips if we can’t say “I Love You!” God gives us ____22____ ways to share our kindness and delight here. Let’s use them all to share our love. 13. A. incredible B. enjoyable C. believable D. impossible 14. A. persuade B. instruct C. transform D. understand 15. A. enlightened B. reserved C. energetic D. silent 16. A. tour B. attend C. present D. quit 17. A. laughed B. beaten C. waved D. greeted 18. A. booming B. frightening C. pleasant D. horrible 19. A. reached B. turned C. gave D. stepped 20. A. shock B. satisfaction C. delight D. memories 21. A. intended B. determined C. hesitated D. happened 22. A. practical B. polite C. countless D. different 第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 With the support of fast and stable communication networks, service robots ____23____ (perform) various functions at makeshift hospitals have become a force. They are hard ____24____ (ignore) in Shanghai’s fight ____25____ the latest COVID-19 resurgence. Inside the makeshift hospital in Shanghai New International Expo Centre, the first batch of 28 “disinfection robots” have been put into use. Each of them ____26____ (equip) with three disinfection modules: an ultraviolet lamp, an ultra-dry fog generator and a plasma air purifier, and can work 24 hours a day. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 “I do know the pain of suffering from disease and the ____27____ ( help) of having no cure… I ____28____ (see) so much sadness and regret in the past years that made me want to make my contributions to medical research, and I believe that cancer can be defeated someday.” A 17-year-old young man from Hangzhou in East China, ____29____ fought cancer for over four years, wrote in his last request for his organs to be donated, People’s Daily reported. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Chinese people have a strong need for cultural consumption, and the need pushes people who work in the field of cultural relics and museum to explore ____30____(effect) ways to make cultural relics popular, said Ma Xiaolin, the head of Henan Museum. In recent years, TV shows, performances and cultural products ____31____(relate) to cultural relics have gone viral one by one. ____32____ inspired their creation was the combination of traditional Chinese culture and modern life. Moreover, innovative ideas and new technology come together to enable immersive experience of stories in the history, and social media helps the spread of new cultural products. 第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Beauty and Well-being Benefits of Handed Massage Guns What are they? Originally beloved by athletes, massage guns are gaining popularity as a stress or pain-relieving tool. A quick and convenient alternative to a traditional deep-tissue massage, many offer detachable heads to target calves, ankles or the top s of shoulders, available in a range of sizes and speeds. What are the supposed benefits? If you often find yourself aching after the gym or a long day of work, a massage gun may well be your new best friend. Sending pulses at a steady frequency that is difficult to achieve manually, they allow you to target a specific area of tightness, loosening lactic acid buildup muscle and allowing for greater mobility and muscle flexibility. Even if you’re not so physically active, a couple of minutes of regular massaging can do wonders for your complexion. Through vibration frequency, the movement of a massage gun will encourage blood and lymphatic (淋巴的) circulation, giving a new vibrancy and comfort to skin as toxins (毒素) drain out and oxygen flows through. If you’ve been feeling heavy or struggling to unwind, massage guns are also thought to be a useful tool in the rehabilitation (康复) of depression, anxiety, digestive disorders and stress-related insomnia. Do they actually work? Once you get used to the quiet humming noise, the swift, targeted relief a gun can offer more than justifies the initial spend. Leading the market is the Lola, a lightweight handheld gun in a sleek matte finish with four speeds that tucks easily into the pocket of an overnight bag. The key is to operate within your own comfort-be sure to fit the adjustable heads firmly and work through the speed functions slowly, building up to higher pressures only if necessary. While concerns about suitability for specific conditions or injuries should always be discussed with a doctor, the massage gun is certainly proof that both internal and external beauty can be achieved by listening that little bit closer to our bodies. 33. What is not the supposed benefits of handed massage guns? A To target a specific area of tightness. B. To allow for greater mobility and muscle flexibility. C. To encourage blood and lymphatic circulation. D. To help lactic acid build up in muscles. 34. What can we learn about handed massage guns? A. Many offer fixed heads to target diverse muscles. B. The initial spend is too high to be justified by their functions. C. They can help rehabilitate people with depression and anxiety. D. Their suitability for specific conditions and injuries is certain. 35. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To show the beauty and well-being benefits of handed massage guns. B. To inform us the availability of different sizes of handed massage guns. C. To share with us the popularity of handed massage guns among athletes. D. To compare handed massage guns with doctors on suitability for injuries. B A child science genius(天才)has wowed his professors and classmates by becoming a college graduate at the age of 13. Elliott Tanner recently graduated from the University of Minnesota with a bachelor’s (学士) degree in physics, with a minor in mathematics. Elliott’s parents are very proud of the hard work and devotion he showed to get his degree at such a young age and are pleased that he has become an inspiration to lots of people. Elliott’s mom said “He also inspires us to be better people every day.” Elliott’s parents first realized their son was gifted at the age 3, when he displayed amazing language and math skills. It became clear that a traditional education experience would not be a good fit for him. Elliott was then homeschooled by his parents. “Elliott ended up learning and using information quicker than we could provide it,” his mother added. By age 9, Elliott had already completed most of the normal high school courses, and his parents were struggling to keep up with him. So they sent him to the local community college, where Elliott really developed his passion (热爱) for physics. “For a long time, I wanted to be a mathematician,” Elliott said. “Then I was introduced to a physics class, and that really inspired me to learn more about the secrets of the world.” When he was 11 years old, Elliott moved to the University of Minnesota to start studying physics and math. Although his college experience is a little different from that of his classmates, Elliott still hangs out with his peers in the student lounge, discussing homework, debating physics topics or watching movies. Being with people that are just as passionate about physics as he is has been pleasing enough for him. One of the biggest challenges Elliott and his family have faced is criticism online from people who make judgments about what his life must be like. Many people believe he can’t have many social skills. However, Elliott has always enjoyed interacting with kids his own age. He loves playing with other neighborhood children, and just like the other kids, Elliott goes trick-or-treating on Halloween, but in an academic way: He dresses up as Albert Einstein, his favorite scientist. Elliott has been accepted into the University of Minnesota’s PhD program and will start his study next year. In the future, Elliott aims to be a professor at the University of Minnesota and become an expert in physics. “I can’t wait to get started,” he said. 36. What did Elliott’s parents do when they realized he was gifted? A. They sent him to a normal high school. B. They asked for advice from universities. C. They taught him by themselves at home. D. They helped him fit into traditional education. 37. When Elliott moved to the University of Minnesota, he ______. A. discovered his passion for physics B. enjoyed staying with his classmates C. dressed up as Albert Einstein in class D. refused to play with kids his own age 38. What can we learn from the passage? A. Elliott has few social skills. B. Elliott loves exploring the world. C. Elliott has no talent for language. D. Elliott hopes to be a mathematician. 39. From Elliott’s story, we know that ______. A. physics is the most important subject B. children should be educated at home C. geniuses need support just as we do D. the earlier kids start school, the better C The bald eagle was once a dying species in the United States. This is because the bird wasn’t always held with respect. At the National Book Festival, author Jack E. Davis detailed the bald eagle’s “great conservation success story”. The bald eagle has faced extinction twice. The first occurred in the late 19th century. “It was then that a bald eagle seen was one to be shot,” he said. He explained that the bird had been regarded as a dangerous animal, and considered a threat. But such threat tended to be overstated. Throughout the early 20th century, thousands of bald eagles were shot down. Things began to change for the bird in 1940, when the government passed its legal protection — the Bald Eagle Protection Act. However, only five years later, the bird faced its second near extinction when DDT, an environmentally harmful insecticide (杀虫剂), was introduced at the end of World War Ⅱ. In 1963, the bald eagle hit its lowest number — totaling less than 500 nesting pairs across the U.S. “At that time, only about one-third of the nation’s water was safe for swimming and fishing,” Davis said. “That was eagle habitat, but also our habitat.” “We stepped up.” He mentioned that this situation led a nonprofit organization, Fish and Wildlife, to launch “hugely successful” eagle protection projects. By 2007, the bald eagle was removed from the list as the species regained its health, reaching nearly 11,000 nesting pairs nationwide, and today’s number is somewhere around 500,000. For those looking to assist in the ongoing comeback of the bald eagle and other endangered animals, Davis said, almost every state has a center that accepts donations and welcomes visitors and volunteers. 40. What made the bald eagle almost extinct for the first time? A. The illegal hunting. B. The loose control of guns. C. The attack from other animals. D. The misunderstanding of their threat. 41. What caused Fish and Wildlife to start eagle protection projects? A. The outbreak of World War II. B. The overuse of DDT nationwide. C. The disappearance of eagle habitat. D. The worsening of eagles’ living condition. 42. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell a story of a dying species. B. To advertise the book of Jack E. Davis. C. To raise the awareness of protecting wildlife. D. To introduce the ways of protecting bald eagles. D Chemists have spent the past century trying to make plastics that will break down in seawater. As it is, most plastics appear to take centuries to fully degrade in the ocean. But that may change. Scientists have just designed a new plastic that can break down in seawater within weeks, not decades or more. Back in the 1930s, scientists created a now-popular plastic out of corn and potato starch (淀粉). It’s known as polylactide, or PLA. It’s a polymer (聚合物), which is a molecule made by linking many building blocks — called monomers — into a long string. Scientists had hoped PLA would quickly break down in the environment. And in some places, like compost pits (堆肥坑), it does. But not in seawater. Even after three years in ocean water, PLA remains largely unchanged. Timo Rheinberger is a PhD student at the University of Twente in the Netherlands. His work on polymers has focused on boosting PLA’s breakdown. As part of that work, he became part of a team that just added some RNA-inspired breaking points to PLA. They put those breaking points in places where monomers in the PLA molecules are linked. They weakened the links that joined up to 15 percent of a PLA’s monomers. Then, they soaked their samples in artificial seawater and measured how fast these tweaked versions of PLA broke down. The expected final product of PLA’s breakdown was a small molecule called lactic acid. So, they tested for that too. As the team had hoped, seawater attacked the weakened links between monomers, splitting the polymer chain apart. The more breaking points the researchers added to the polymer, the faster the PLA broke down. When they weakened 15 percent of PLA’s monomer links, the polymer broke down entirely within just two weeks. When they weakened only 3 percent of the links, the breakdown took about 2 years. This suggests the team can design how quickly PLA will break down in water by adjusting how many weakened links it has. Mehlika Karamanlioglu teaches biomedical engineering at Istanbul Gelisim University. She, too, has studied environmental breakdown of PLA. “It’s a new approach,” she says of the Dutch technique. Theirs is also “a preliminary study,” Karamanlioglu says. So, more testing must follow. Scientists want to know how the strength of the new PLA compares to old PLA. Rheinberger agrees. “You need a lot of material to start those studies,” he adds. And so far, his team has made only small amounts of the modified PLA. Karamanlioglu notes the Dutch team also tested the breakdown of its PLA in artificial seawater. “I wonder if they checked [the water] for pollution,” she adds. If there were microbes (微生物), those microbes may have produced molecules called enzymes that sped up the PLA’s degradation. 43. What can we learn about PLA from the passage? A Lactic acid prevents the breakdown of PLA. B. PLA breaks down faster in artificial seawater. C. PLA’s breakdown relies on that of monomers. D. Compost pits are the best places for PLA’s breakdown. 44. What does the underlined word “preliminary” in Paragraph 7 probably mean? A. Systematic. B. Comparative. C. In-depth. D. Early-stage. 45. What is Mehlika’s attitude towards the findings of the Dutch team? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 46. What can be learned from the last three paragraphs? A. Mehlika is confident about the application of the new PLA. B The cleanness of water also affects the breakdown of PLA. C. The new PLA has better strength than the old PLA. D. The new PLA have been produced in large amounts. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What’s the first thing you remember doing? It could be playing with your friends at school, or going to a birthday party and eating amazing cake. ____47____ Did those special moments really happen or did we make them up? It’s a strange concept to grasp, but according to research, about four out of ten of us invent our first childhood memory. Rather than having experienced something, we could have fabricated a fake memory from videos or photos we’ve seen. We could have been influenced by a story recounted to us that spurs our minds on to adopt someone else’s memory as our own. ____48____ ____49____ Well, our ability to retain memories from before the age of two isn’t great. While at that age we do have short-term memories, according to Catherine Loveday, an expert in autobiographical memory at the University of Westminster, the memories that infants make are not long-lasting. ____50____ Some scientists also believe that as we get older, our childhood memories fade and after the age of seven, we get some kind of “childhood amnesia (健忘症)”. So why do we create fake memories? Some experts believe that there is a clear desire for a sense of self and having a cohesive (连贯的) story of our existence. ____51____ As we get older, we want to have a complete picture of our entire lives. So, the next time someone says they have a clear memory from when they were one or even before just remember that while it could be true, there’s a chance they just invented it at some point in their lives. A. But why don’t we have clear memories from that age? B. It happens to everyone no matter how educated he or she is. C. This is possibly due to the rapid creation of brain cells in our early years. D. We often talk about these memories with our families as if it were what happened yesterday. E. Creating memories can fill in the gaps giving us a more complete structure for our early lives. F. Most of us have a treasured early memory of our childhood, but can we really believe those vivid memories? G. What it means is that memories of our younger years, especially before the age of two, may be inaccurate, or entirely false. 第四部分：书面表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Balancing Trees and CO2 Tree planting used to be regarded as an effective means of reducing climate change. Perhaps it’s time for us to rethink this practice. Trees pull CO2 from the air. This effectively removes CO2 from the atmosphere. But trees only hold onto CO2 as long as they’re alive. Once they die, trees decay (腐烂) and release that CO2 back into the atmosphere. Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than ever. The rise of CO2 mainly due to burning fossil fuels, is probably driving that rapid growth, said Roel Brienen, a forest ecologist at the University of Leeds, UK. High levels of CO2 are increasing temperatures, which in turn speeds tree growth in those areas, he added. The faster trees grow, the faster they store carbon. It seems like good news. However, it is known that fast-growing tree species, in general, live shorter lives than their slow-growing relatives. In order to see whether the growth-lifespan trade-off (生长与寿命之间的权衡) is a universal phenomenon, Brienen and his colleagues analyzed over 210,000 individual tree ring records of 110 tree species from more than 79,000 sites worldwide. They found that, in almost all habitats and all sites, faster-growing tree species died younger than slow-growing species, and even within a species, the trade-off between growth and life span held strong. The team also created a computer program that modeled a forest and tweaked (微量调整) the growth of the trees in this model. Early on, it showed that “the forest could hold more carbon as the trees grew faster”, Brienen reported. But after 20 years, these trees started dying and losing this extra carbon again. “We must understand that the only solution to bringing down CO2 levels is to stop emitting (排放) it into the atmosphere,” said Brienen. 52. What does “this practice” in Para.1 refer to? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. Why are trees around the world growing faster than ever? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the reason. The team has found that the faster trees grow, the faster they store CO2, and the longer lives they live. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. Please briefly present what you can do in daily life to reduce the emission of CO2.（about 40 words） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-4:CAAC 5-14:BACCACBABB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $