暑假作业11 现在完成时-【暑假分层作业】2024年八年级英语暑假培优练（人教版）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业12 现在完成时 现在完成时（一） 一、现在完成时的含义 1.过去对现在：表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态对现在仍有影响（动作发生在过去，结果影响到现在）。 2.过去到现在：从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在并有可能还会持续的动作或状态（一直延续到现在，for与since把时间带）。 二、现在完成时的句式结构 现在完成时是由“助动词have/has +过去分词（done）”构成的，其中助动词have/has无实义，帮助构成时态结构，不可省略。规则动词的过去分词与其过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词须加强记忆。 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+ _have/has__ + _过去分词_ +其他. He has read this book before.他以前读过这本书。 否定句 主语+ haven’t/hasn’t +过去分词 +其他. He hasn’t read this book before.他以前没读过这本书。 一般疑问句及其答语 _Have/has_ +主语+ 过去分词_ +其他? 肯定回答：_Yes__, 主语+ _have/has__. 否定回答：_No__, 主语+ haven’t/hasn’t. —Has he read this book before?他以前读过这本书吗？ —Yes, he has./No, he hasn’t. 是的，他读过。/不，他没读过。 3、 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时 一般过去时 用法 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，侧重于现在的情况 表示过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关 时间状语 常和already（已经）、yet（已经；还）、just（刚刚）、ever（曾经）、never（从不）、before（以前）、since（自从）+时间点/从句（一般过去时）、for+时间段、so far（到目前为止）等连用 常和yesterday、last week、just now、in2012、two days ago等具体的表示过去的时间状语连用 谓语动词 与一段时间连用时，谓语动词要用延续性动词而不用非延续性动词 谓语动词没有延续性或非延续性动词的限制 【拓展延伸】 already“已经”，用在现在完成时的肯定句中（have/has和done之间） yet“已经”，用在现在完成时的疑问句末；“还”，用在现在完成时的否定句末。 ever“曾经”，never“从来没有”，just“刚刚”，用在现在完成时句中（have/has和done之间） recently “最近；近来”，用于现在完成时的句首或句末。 现在完成时（二） 1、 现在完成时表示经历的用法 表示经历的词汇 用法说明 示例 have/has been to（去过） 表示去过某地，可以与never、ever、just、once等连用 Mr.Smith has ever been to China three times. 史密斯先生曾去过中国三次。 ever（曾经） 常用于现在完成时的一般疑问句中，放在主语之后、过去分词之前 Have you ever visited the Palace Museum? 你曾参观过故宫博物院吗？ never（从没） 表示否定，用在助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前。表示否定的简短回答可以用neither —I have never been to Hong Kong. —Me neither. 我也没去过。 二、have/has been to、have/has gone to与have/has been in的用法区别 比较项目 用法说明 图解助记 have/has been to 意为“ 去过某地 ”，表示去过某地，现在已经回来了，通常与表示次数等的状语连用，如twice、several times、ever或never等 have/has gone to 意为“ 去了某地 ”，表示到某地去了，强调说话时去某地的人不在场（可能在途中，也可能已到达） have/has been in 意为“在某地待了多久”，in后面接表示地点的名词，通常与一段时间连用 Eg.She has been to Europe twice. 她去过欧洲两次。（已经回来了） —Where is Jim? 吉姆在哪里？ —He has gone to England. 他去英国了。（现在不在这里） I have been in China for two years. 我已经在中国待了两年了。 【拓展延伸】若have/has been to或have/has gone to后接here、there、home等副词时，则省略介词to。 Eg.He has gone home. 他回家去了。 现在完成时（三） 2、 现在完成时的“未完成用法” 现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完成用法”。此时常与for或since引导的时间状语（从句）连用。 表示“未完成”的句式 示例 现在完成时+ for +一段时间 We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。 现在完成时+ since +表示过去的时间点 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 自从1984年史密斯先生就在这里工作。 现在完成时+ since +从句 I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生就住在这儿。 【拓展延伸】 1.在现在完成时中，for与since引导的时间状语可以进行相互转换，即“for +时间段= since +时间段+ ago”。 Eg.I have kept the book for a month. = I have kept the book since a month ago. 我已经借这本书一个月了。 2.在现在完成时中，当谓语动词是延续性动词时，可以用how long提问。 Eg.He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。→ How long has he been a soldier?他参军多长时间了？ 二、延续性动词与非延续性动词 1.延续性动词表示经验、经历；非延续性动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。有些非延续性动词可以用延续性动词替换并用在现在完成时中。 2.在现在完成时的句子中，若含有for或since引导的时间 状语，则句中谓语动词一定要用延续性动词。 一、单项选择 1．—Have you ______ the birthday gift for your mum? —Yes, and she’ll like it, I think. A．make B．buy C．chose D．chosen 2．Jack’s train ________. Let’s go on waiting for him here. A．hasn’t arrived B．didn’t arrive C．doesn’t arrive D．won’t arrive 3．—Tom, let’s go to see the movie You Only Live Once this weekend. —Sorry, I ________ it. I ________ it with my parents yesterday. A．has seen; saw B．have seen; saw C．saw; has seen D．saw; have seen 4．—Would you like to go to Beijing Wildlife Park with me? —I’d love to, but I ________ there twice. A．go B．have been C．will go D．have gone 5．Linda ________ a lot. She’s no longer the little girl I saw years ago. A．changes B．changed C．has changed D．is changing 6．There ______ great changes in Yancheng over the past few years. A．have had B．has been C．have been D．has had 7．I can’t find my wallet everywhere. Maybe I ________ it. A．lose B．will lose C．have lost D．are losing 8．Mamianqun, or horse-faced skirt, ________ popularity for many years in China. A．was enjoying B．enjoyed C．has enjoyed D．will enjoy 9．Lisa ________ in Beijing for five years and she is quite used to the life here now. A．lives B．has lived C．lived D．will live 10．I ________ a book from school library a few days ago. I ________ it for a few days. A．have borrowed; have borrowed B．borrowed; have borrowed C．borrowed; have kept D．have borrowed; have kept 11．Daniel ________ the book for over two weeks, he has to ________ it to the library. A．has kept; return B．has borrowed; give C．borrowed; take D．kept; bring 12．—________ Ann ever ________ online with you? —No, she hasn’t. A．Have; chated B．Has; chated C．Have; chatted D．Has; chatted 13．—________ you ever ________ the new library? —No, I haven’t. A．Do; visit B．Have; visited C．Did; visit D．Are; visiting 14．Mr. Black _________ from Australia for three days. A．came back B．will be back C．has come back D．has been back 15．Amy ________ Chinese for 6 years, so she can speak Chinese very well. A．is learning B．learned C．has learned D．will learn 16．Harbin, known as the “Ice City”, ________ a popular place for visitors from all over China since last December. A．will become B．was becoming C．has become D．is becoming 17．—________ you ever ________ the Great Wall? —No, but I’m really looking forward to visiting it. A．Have; been to B．Have; gone to C．Has; been to D．Has; gone to 18．Helen loves to talk about travel. She ________ to many places. A．has gone B．has been C．went D．goes 19．—You ________ New York City before, right? —No. I have always been too busy. But I will go there the minute I ________ my work. A．have gone to; finish B．went to; will finish C．have been to; finish 20．My uncle ________ Chengdu for over two weeks on business. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has come to D．has been in 二、完型填空 Sophie and Max were classmates who were asked to work on a group project. Sophie felt 21 to work with Max, but she quickly realized that Max wasn’t putting in as much effort as she was. And he always had excuses to leave early. Sophie 22 to communicate with Max and said, “This is our common task (共同任务), and you should try your best to do it.” But Max kept making 23 . As the deadline came near, Sophie found 24 doing most of the work. She felt disappointed and angry.   One day, Sophie discovered that Max had been 25 a different project with his friends in another group. She felt angry that Max didn’t give 26 attention to their project. She went to Max and said, “I can’t 27 you’ve been working on another project. We’re supposed to be a 28 , but you’re letting us down.” Max said, “I don’t think it is a big 29 . I think I can deal with both projects.” Sophie was even 30 , “It is a big deal! We’re counting on you, but what did you do for us? 31 you can’t commit (承诺) to doing this project, then you need to tell us.” Max realized that he had been selfish (自私的) and said 32 to Sophie and the rest of the group. Sophie was still upset, but she said, “I 33 that you want to help your friends with their project, but you need to communicate with us.” Max nodded and said, “You’re right. I should have been more responsible and communicated better. I 34 to do better from now on.” Sophie smiled and said, “Thank you. Let’s finish this project together and make it the best one yet.” In the end, their project turned out to be a 35 , and they all received high grades. Both Sophie and Max realized that working together with their whole heart was much better. 21．A．sad B．excited C．awful D．worried 22．A．tried B．loved C．continued D．forgot 23．A．excuses B．examples C．plans D．mistakes 24．A．himself B．herself C．myself D．yourself 25．A．working on B．getting on C．putting on D．turning on 26．A．common B．clear C．enough D．bright 27．A．believe B．think C．find D．explain 28．A．team B．company C．family D．class 29．A．piece B．deal C．reason D．sentence 30．A．angrier B．busier C．quieter D．happier 31．A．Because B．Though C．If D．Unless 32．A．hi B．sorry C．no D．goodbye 33．A．remember B．imagine C．notice D．understand 34．A．warn B．agree C．refuse D．promise 35．A．joke B．dream C．question D．success 三、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1〜15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Lu Ban was a famous woodworker during the Spring and Autumn Period. One day, he was given a task 36 seemed difficult to complete—collect a large amount of wood and build a palace. At the beginning, Lu Ban and his men took 37 axes to a mountain to cut down tall and thick trees. However, it was very difficult 38 that with only axes. After several days of hard work, Lu Ban and his men met a problem 39 the task. They were really tired, 40 the amount of the wood collected was far from enough to build the palace. Lu Ban became 41 . He tried to think of ways to cut down trees quickly and easily. When he went to a mountain to look for more good wood, he suddenly fell over. Luckily, he 42 out and held on to some grass. 43 the grass hurt his hand, Lu Ban stayed silent because he was already lost in thought. “Why 44 this grass so sharp?” He thought about it 45 as he looked at the small cuts on his hand. Lu Ban examined the grass and noticed 46 its leaves had many little sharp teeth. He used these teeth to make a small cut on his hand, and they easily cut through the skin. 47 idea came into his mind, “If I make a tool with many small saw-like teeth, wouldn’t we cut down trees much faster?” Lu Ban invented a new tool called ju (saw in English) and tried it out. It worked. Soon, all 48 workers learnt to use saws. In the end, they 49 cut down large trees quickly. With the help of the saw, the palace 50 on time. 36．A．which B．when C．who D．where 37．A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 38．A．do B．doing C．done D．to do 39．A．by B．in C．to D．with 40．A．and B．or C．but D．so 41．A．worry B．worrying C．worried D．worriedly 42．A．reaches B．reached C．will reach D．was reaching 43．A．If B．Because C．Until D．Although 44．A．does B．did C．is D．was 45．A．care B．caring C．careful D．carefully 46．A．that B．what C．how D．why 47．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 48．A．the other B．others C．another D．the others 49．A．could B．must C．should D．would 50．A．completed B．was completed C．has completed D．were completed ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业12 现在完成时 现在完成时（一） 一、现在完成时的含义 1.过去对现在：表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态对现在仍有影响（动作发生在过去，结果影响到现在）。 2.过去到现在：从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在并有可能还会持续的动作或状态（一直延续到现在，for与since把时间带）。 二、现在完成时的句式结构 现在完成时是由“助动词have/has +过去分词（done）”构成的，其中助动词have/has无实义，帮助构成时态结构，不可省略。规则动词的过去分词与其过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词须加强记忆。 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+ _have/has__ + _过去分词_ +其他. He has read this book before.他以前读过这本书。 否定句 主语+ haven’t/hasn’t +过去分词 +其他. He hasn’t read this book before.他以前没读过这本书。 一般疑问句及其答语 _Have/has_ +主语+ 过去分词_ +其他? 肯定回答：_Yes__, 主语+ _have/has__. 否定回答：_No__, 主语+ haven’t/hasn’t. —Has he read this book before?他以前读过这本书吗？ —Yes, he has./No, he hasn’t. 是的，他读过。/不，他没读过。 3、 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时 一般过去时 用法 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，侧重于现在的情况 表示过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关 时间状语 常和already（已经）、yet（已经；还）、just（刚刚）、ever（曾经）、never（从不）、before（以前）、since（自从）+时间点/从句（一般过去时）、for+时间段、so far（到目前为止）等连用 常和yesterday、last week、just now、in2012、two days ago等具体的表示过去的时间状语连用 谓语动词 与一段时间连用时，谓语动词要用延续性动词而不用非延续性动词 谓语动词没有延续性或非延续性动词的限制 【拓展延伸】 already“已经”，用在现在完成时的肯定句中（have/has和done之间） yet“已经”，用在现在完成时的疑问句末；“还”，用在现在完成时的否定句末。 ever“曾经”，never“从来没有”，just“刚刚”，用在现在完成时句中（have/has和done之间） recently “最近；近来”，用于现在完成时的句首或句末。 现在完成时（二） 1、 现在完成时表示经历的用法 表示经历的词汇 用法说明 示例 have/has been to（去过） 表示去过某地，可以与never、ever、just、once等连用 Mr.Smith has ever been to China three times. 史密斯先生曾去过中国三次。 ever（曾经） 常用于现在完成时的一般疑问句中，放在主语之后、过去分词之前 Have you ever visited the Palace Museum? 你曾参观过故宫博物院吗？ never（从没） 表示否定，用在助动词have/has之后，过去分词之前。表示否定的简短回答可以用neither —I have never been to Hong Kong. —Me neither. 我也没去过。 二、have/has been to、have/has gone to与have/has been in的用法区别 比较项目 用法说明 图解助记 have/has been to 意为“ 去过某地 ”，表示去过某地，现在已经回来了，通常与表示次数等的状语连用，如twice、several times、ever或never等 have/has gone to 意为“ 去了某地 ”，表示到某地去了，强调说话时去某地的人不在场（可能在途中，也可能已到达） have/has been in 意为“在某地待了多久”，in后面接表示地点的名词，通常与一段时间连用 Eg.She has been to Europe twice. 她去过欧洲两次。（已经回来了） —Where is Jim? 吉姆在哪里？ —He has gone to England. 他去英国了。（现在不在这里） I have been in China for two years. 我已经在中国待了两年了。 【拓展延伸】若have/has been to或have/has gone to后接here、there、home等副词时，则省略介词to。 Eg.He has gone home. 他回家去了。 现在完成时（三） 2、 现在完成时的“未完成用法” 现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完成用法”。此时常与for或since引导的时间状语（从句）连用。 表示“未完成”的句式 示例 现在完成时+ for +一段时间 We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年了。 现在完成时+ since +表示过去的时间点 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 自从1984年史密斯先生就在这里工作。 现在完成时+ since +从句 I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生就住在这儿。 【拓展延伸】 1.在现在完成时中，for与since引导的时间状语可以进行相互转换，即“for +时间段= since +时间段+ ago”。 Eg.I have kept the book for a month. = I have kept the book since a month ago. 我已经借这本书一个月了。 2.在现在完成时中，当谓语动词是延续性动词时，可以用how long提问。 Eg.He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。→ How long has he been a soldier?他参军多长时间了？ 二、延续性动词与非延续性动词 1.延续性动词表示经验、经历；非延续性动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。有些非延续性动词可以用延续性动词替换并用在现在完成时中。 2.在现在完成时的句子中，若含有for或since引导的时间 状语，则句中谓语动词一定要用延续性动词。 一、单项选择 1．—Have you ______ the birthday gift for your mum? —Yes, and she’ll like it, I think. A．make B．buy C．chose D．chosen 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你为你妈妈选好生日礼物了吗？——是的，我想她会喜欢的。 考查动词辨析和时态。make制造，动词原形；buy买，动词原形；chose选择，过去式；chosen选择，过去分词。根据“Have”可知本句是现在完成时，结构是“have+done”，空处应填过去分词。故选D。 2．Jack’s train ________. Let’s go on waiting for him here. A．hasn’t arrived B．didn’t arrive C．doesn’t arrive D．won’t arrive 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杰克的火车还没到。我们继续在这里等他吧。 考查动词时态。hasn’t arrived现在完成时；didn’t arrive一般过去时；doesn’t arrive一般现在时；won’t arrive一般将来时。根据“Let’s go on waiting for him here.”可知火车还没到。用现在完成时，故选A。 3．—Tom, let’s go to see the movie You Only Live Once this weekend. —Sorry, I ________ it. I ________ it with my parents yesterday. A．has seen; saw B．have seen; saw C．saw; has seen D．saw; have seen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，这个周末我们去看电影You Only Live Once吧。——对不起，我看过了。我昨天和父母一起看的。 考查时态及主谓一致。根据第一个空空前的“Sorry”可知，此处指过去的动作对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时，主语为“I”，所以此处应填have seen；根据第二个空空后的“yesterday”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故选B。 4．—Would you like to go to Beijing Wildlife Park with me? —I’d love to, but I ________ there twice. A．go B．have been C．will go D．have gone 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你愿意和我一起去北京野生动物园吗？——我很想去，但是我已经去过两次了。考查现在完成时。have been to去过(已回)；have gone to去了(未回)。根据“twice”可知，此处表示去过两次，已经回来了，地点副词there前不加任何介词，所以用have been。故选B。 5．Linda ________ a lot. She’s no longer the little girl I saw years ago. A．changes B．changed C．has changed D．is changing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：琳达变了很多。她不再是我多年前看到的那个小女孩了。 考查动词时态。根据“She’s no longer the little girl I saw years ago.”可知，此处表示琳达现在再也不是多年前的那个小女孩了，强调对现在的影响，应用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。 6．There ______ great changes in Yancheng over the past few years. A．have had B．has been C．have been D．has had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在过去的几年里，盐城发生了巨大的变化。 考查现在完成时。结合语境和空后“over the past few years”可知本句应该使用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响；本句是there be句型与现在完成时相结合，真正的主语是“great changes”，所以用“there have been+名词复数+...”的结构。故选C。 7．I can’t find my wallet everywhere. Maybe I ________ it. A．lose B．will lose C．have lost D．are losing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我到处都找不到我的钱包。也许我把它弄丢了。 考查现在完成时。结合题干可知，钱包在过去已经丢了，并且对现在造成了影响，所以应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done。故选C。 8．Mamianqun, or horse-faced skirt, ________ popularity for many years in China. A．was enjoying B．enjoyed C．has enjoyed D．will enjoy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：马面裙在中国已经流行了很多年。 考查时态。根据“for many years”可知，强调动作的延续，用现在完成时。故选C。 9．Lisa ________ in Beijing for five years and she is quite used to the life here now. A．lives B．has lived C．lived D．will live 【答案】B 【详解】句意：丽莎已经在北京生活了五年，她现在很习惯这里的生活了。 考查动词的时态。lives，第三人称单数；has lived现在完成时；lived过去式；will live一般将来时。根据“for five years and she is quite used to the life here now.”可知，此句应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响可能持续发生下去。故选B。 10．I ________ a book from school library a few days ago. I ________ it for a few days. A．have borrowed; have borrowed B．borrowed; have borrowed C．borrowed; have kept D．have borrowed; have kept 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我几天前从学校图书馆借了一本书。我已经保留它几天了。 考查时态辨析。根据“a few days ago”可知，借书的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，borrow“借”，短暂性动词，其过去式为“borrowed”。又根据“for a few days”可知，时态是现在完成时，keep“保持”，延续性动词，其过去分词为“kept”，主语是I，谓语部分应是have kept。故选C。 11．Daniel ________ the book for over two weeks, he has to ________ it to the library. A．has kept; return B．has borrowed; give C．borrowed; take D．kept; bring 【答案】A 【详解】句意：丹尼尔借了这本书两个多星期了，他必须把它还给图书馆。 考查延续性动词及动词辨析。return返回，归还；give给；take带走；bring带来。第一空根据时间状语“for over two weeks”可知应用现在完成时，和时间段连用，谓语动词要用延续性动词，“borrow”的延续性动词是keep，主语为第三人称单数，故应用has kept；第二空根据“the book for over two weeks”可知，已经借了两周，不得不还书，故应用return。故选A。 12．—________ Ann ever ________ online with you? —No, she hasn’t. A．Have; chated B．Has; chated C．Have; chatted D．Has; chatted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——安曾经和你网上聊天吗？——不，没有。 考查现在完成时态。根据“No, she hasn’t”可知，时态为现在完成时，由于主语是三单所以助动词用has，chat的过去分词是chatted。故选D。 13．—________ you ever ________ the new library? —No, I haven’t. A．Do; visit B．Have; visited C．Did; visit D．Are; visiting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你曾参观过这个新图书馆吗？——不，我没有。 考查动词时态。根据“No, I haven’t.”可知，问句是助动词have引导的一般疑问句，时态是现在完成时，结构是have done。故选B。 14．Mr. Black _________ from Australia for three days. A．came back B．will be back C．has come back D．has been back 【答案】D 【详解】句意：布莱克先生已经从澳大利亚回来三天了。 考查动词时态和延续性动词。come back回来，短暂性动词；be back回来，延续性动词。根据“for three days”可知，时态是现在完成时（have/has done），且与延续性动词连用，故选D。 15．Amy ________ Chinese for 6 years, so she can speak Chinese very well. A．is learning B．learned C．has learned D．will learn 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Amy已经学了6年中文了，所以她能说中文说得很好。 考查时态。根据“for 6 years”可知句子用现在完成时，结构：have/has done。故选C。 16．Harbin, known as the “Ice City”, ________ a popular place for visitors from all over China since last December. A．will become B．was becoming C．has become D．is becoming 【答案】C 【详解】句意：被称为 “冰城” 的哈尔滨，自去年12月以来已经成为中国各地游客的热门去处。考查动词时态。根据“since last December”可知，此处应用现在完成时表达。故选C。 17．—________ you ever ________ the Great Wall? —No, but I’m really looking forward to visiting it. A．Have; been to B．Have; gone to C．Has; been to D．Has; gone to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你去过长城吗？——没有，但我真的很期待去参观。 考查have been to和have gone to的区别。have/has been to表示“去过某地”，现在已经回来；have/has gone to表示“去了某地”，现在还没有回来。根据“No, but I’m really looking forward to visiting it.”可知，没去过，用have/has been to，主语是you，助动词用have。故选A。 18．Helen loves to talk about travel. She ________ to many places. A．has gone B．has been C．went D．goes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：海伦喜欢谈论旅行。她去过很多地方。 考查动词时态和主谓一致。has gone to去了，人未回来；has been to去过，人已经回来；went去，过去式；goes去，三单形式。根据“to many places.”可知，设空处是说她去过很多地方，并没有说她去了某地还没回来。故选B。 19．—You ________ New York City before, right? —No. I have always been too busy. But I will go there the minute I ________ my work. A．have gone to; finish B．went to; will finish C．have been to; finish 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你之前去了纽约城，是吗？ ——没有，我一直都很忙，但是我一完成我的工作就去那里。考查时态。have gone to去了，现在完成时；went to去，一般过去时；have been to去过，现在完成时；finish完成；will finish将完成，一般将来时。根据“before”可知，该句应为现在完成时，表示“之前去过某地”，应用have been to；根据“the minute”可知，此句为the minute引导的时间状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句为一般现在时，应用finish，故选C。 20．My uncle ________ Chengdu for over two weeks on business. A．has gone to B．has been to C．has come to D．has been in 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的叔叔已经在成都出差两周多了。 考查现在完成时。has gone to去了某地，还未回来；has been to去过某地，已经回来；has come to 已经来到某地；has been in待在某地多久。根据时间状语“for over two weeks”可知叔叔待在成都两周了，在“for+时间段”的肯定句中，谓语动词要用延续性动词。选项中只有“has been in”为延续性动词。故选D。 二、完型填空 Sophie and Max were classmates who were asked to work on a group project. Sophie felt 21 to work with Max, but she quickly realized that Max wasn’t putting in as much effort as she was. And he always had excuses to leave early. Sophie 22 to communicate with Max and said, “This is our common task (共同任务), and you should try your best to do it.” But Max kept making 23 . As the deadline came near, Sophie found 24 doing most of the work. She felt disappointed and angry.   One day, Sophie discovered that Max had been 25 a different project with his friends in another group. She felt angry that Max didn’t give 26 attention to their project. She went to Max and said, “I can’t 27 you’ve been working on another project. We’re supposed to be a 28 , but you’re letting us down.” Max said, “I don’t think it is a big 29 . I think I can deal with both projects.” Sophie was even 30 , “It is a big deal! We’re counting on you, but what did you do for us? 31 you can’t commit (承诺) to doing this project, then you need to tell us.” Max realized that he had been selfish (自私的) and said 32 to Sophie and the rest of the group. Sophie was still upset, but she said, “I 33 that you want to help your friends with their project, but you need to communicate with us.” Max nodded and said, “You’re right. I should have been more responsible and communicated better. I 34 to do better from now on.” Sophie smiled and said, “Thank you. Let’s finish this project together and make it the best one yet.” In the end, their project turned out to be a 35 , and they all received high grades. Both Sophie and Max realized that working together with their whole heart was much better. 21．A．sad B．excited C．awful D．worried 22．A．tried B．loved C．continued D．forgot 23．A．excuses B．examples C．plans D．mistakes 24．A．himself B．herself C．myself D．yourself 25．A．working on B．getting on C．putting on D．turning on 26．A．common B．clear C．enough D．bright 27．A．believe B．think C．find D．explain 28．A．team B．company C．family D．class 29．A．piece B．deal C．reason D．sentence 30．A．angrier B．busier C．quieter D．happier 31．A．Because B．Though C．If D．Unless 32．A．hi B．sorry C．no D．goodbye 33．A．remember B．imagine C．notice D．understand 34．A．warn B．agree C．refuse D．promise 35．A．joke B．dream C．question D．success 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．A 28．A 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．D 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sophie和Max被分配在一起完成一个小组项目，但Sophie发现Max同时和另一个小组一起做另一个项目，Max在知道Sophie很生气后为自己的自私行为道歉。最终，他们一起合作，成功地完成了项目，并获得了高分的故事。 21．句意：Sophie对和Max一起工作感到很兴奋，但她很快意识到麦克斯并没有像她那样付出那么多努力。 sad伤心的；excited激动的；awful很坏的；worried担忧的。根据“Sophie felt...to work with Max”及“but”可知，此处是指Sophie很激动和Max一起工作。故选B。 22．句意：Sophie试着和Max沟通，说：“这是我们共同的任务，你应该尽力去做。” tried努力，尝试；loved喜欢；continued继续；forgot忘记。根据“And he always had excuses to leave early.”可知，此处是指Sophie尝试着与Max沟通，让他尽力做项目。故选A。 23．句意：但Max一直在找借口。 excuses借口；examples例子；plans计划；mistakes错误。根据上文“And he always had excuses to leave early.”可知，此处是指Max一直在找借口。故选A。 24．句意：随着最后期限的临近，Sophie发现大部分工作都是她自己做的。 himself他自己；herself她自己；myself我自己；yourself你自己。结合下文“She felt disappointed and angry.”可知，此处是指Sophie发现大部分工作都是她自己做的，应用反身代词herself。故选B。 25．句意：有一天，Sophie发现Max和他的朋友们在另一个小组做一个不同的项目。 working on从事于；getting on上车；putting on穿上；turning on打开。根据下文“I can’t … you’ve been working on another project.”可知，此处是指从事一个不同的项目。故选A。 26．句意：Max对他们的项目没有给予足够的关注，她感到很生气。 common普通的；clear清楚的；enough足够的；bright明亮的。根据上文“One day, Sophie discovered that Max had been … a different project with his friends in another group.”可知，此处是指Max没有给他们这个项目足够的关注。故选C。 27．句意：真不敢相信你一直在做另一个项目。 believe相信；think认为；find发现；explain解释。根据“you’ve been working on another project”可知，此处是指Sophie不能相信Max瞒着她一直在做另一个项目。故选A。 28．句意：我们应该是一个团队，但你让我们失望了。 team团队；company公司；family家庭；class班级。结合上文“Sophie and Max were classmates who were asked to work on a group project.”可知，此处是指“我们”应该是一个团队。故选A。 29．句意：我觉得这没什么大不了的。 piece片；deal协议；reason理由；sentence句子。结合下文“It is a big deal!”可知，此处是指Max认为这不是一件大事。故选B。 30．句意：Sophie更生气了，“这是件大事！” angrier更生气；busier更忙碌；quieter更安静；happier更高兴。根据下文“It’s a big deal!”可知，Sophie听到Max的回答后更生气了。故选A。 31．句意：如果你不能承诺做这个项目，那么你需要告诉我们。 Because因为；Though尽管；If如果；Unless除非。结合语境及前后句之间的逻辑关系可知，此处表假设，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选C。 32．句意：Max意识到自己太自私了，他向Sophie和其他组员道歉。 hi嗨；sorry对不起；no不；goodbye再见。根据上文“Max realized that he had been selfish”可知，此处是指Max意识到了自己的问题，向Sophie及其他组员道歉。故选B。 33．句意：我理解你想帮助你的朋友完成他们的项目，但是你需要和我们沟通。 remember记得；imagine想象；notice注意到；understand理解，明白。根据“but you need to communicate with us”可知，此处是指Sophie理解Max帮助朋友的行为。故选D。 34．句意：我保证从现在开始做得更好。 warn警告；agree同意；refuse拒绝；promise保证。根据“I should have been more responsible and communicated better.”可知，此处是指Max保证要用心做项目，要比以前做的更好。故选D。 35．句意：最后，他们的项目取得了成功，他们都得到了高分。 joke玩笑；dream梦想；question问题；success成功。根据“and they all received high grades.”可知，此处是指他们的项目取得了成功。故选D。 三、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1〜15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Lu Ban was a famous woodworker during the Spring and Autumn Period. One day, he was given a task 36 seemed difficult to complete—collect a large amount of wood and build a palace. At the beginning, Lu Ban and his men took 37 axes to a mountain to cut down tall and thick trees. However, it was very difficult 38 that with only axes. After several days of hard work, Lu Ban and his men met a problem 39 the task. They were really tired, 40 the amount of the wood collected was far from enough to build the palace. Lu Ban became 41 . He tried to think of ways to cut down trees quickly and easily. When he went to a mountain to look for more good wood, he suddenly fell over. Luckily, he 42 out and held on to some grass. 43 the grass hurt his hand, Lu Ban stayed silent because he was already lost in thought. “Why 44 this grass so sharp?” He thought about it 45 as he looked at the small cuts on his hand. Lu Ban examined the grass and noticed 46 its leaves had many little sharp teeth. He used these teeth to make a small cut on his hand, and they easily cut through the skin. 47 idea came into his mind, “If I make a tool with many small saw-like teeth, wouldn’t we cut down trees much faster?” Lu Ban invented a new tool called ju (saw in English) and tried it out. It worked. Soon, all 48 workers learnt to use saws. In the end, they 49 cut down large trees quickly. With the help of the saw, the palace 50 on time. 36．A．which B．when C．who D．where 37．A．they B．their C．them D．themselves 38．A．do B．doing C．done D．to do 39．A．by B．in C．to D．with 40．A．and B．or C．but D．so 41．A．worry B．worrying C．worried D．worriedly 42．A．reaches B．reached C．will reach D．was reaching 43．A．If B．Because C．Until D．Although 44．A．does B．did C．is D．was 45．A．care B．caring C．careful D．carefully 46．A．that B．what C．how D．why 47．A．A B．An C．The D．/ 48．A．the other B．others C．another D．the others 49．A．could B．must C．should D．would 50．A．completed B．was completed C．has completed D．were completed 【答案】 36．A 37．B 38．D 39．D 40．C 41．C 42．B 43．D 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．A 49．A 50．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了鲁班发明锯子的过程。 36．句意：一天，他接到一个似乎很难完成的任务——收集大量木材并建造一座宫殿。 which引导定语从句时，先行词指物；when引导定语从句时，先行词是表示时间的名词；who引导定语从句时，先行词指人；  where引导定语从句时，先行词是表示地点的名词。分析“he was given a task...seemed difficult to complete”可知，空格处是定语从句的引导词，在从句中作主语，先行词是task，指物，结合选项，which符合语境。故选A。 37．句意：开始的时候，鲁班和他的手下带着斧子去山上砍又高又粗的树。 they他们（人称代词的主格）；their他们的（形容词性物主代词）；them他们（人称代词的宾格）；themselves他们自己（反身代词）。空后的axes是名词，形容词性物主代词后接名词。故选B。 38．句意：然而，只用斧子很难完成这个任务。 do做；doing做（现在分词）；done做（过去分词）；to do做（动词不定式）。句型“it was+adj.+to do sth.”意为“做某事是……的”，所以空格处应用动词不定式。故选D。 39．句意：经过几天的努力，鲁班和他的手下遇到了一个关于这个任务的问题。 by通过；in在……里面；to到；with关于。meet a problem with sth.意为“在某方面遇到问题”。故选D。 40．句意：他们真的很累，但收集的木材数量远远不够建造宫殿。 and和；or或；but但是；so所以。分析“They were really tired...the amount of the wood collected was far from enough to build the palace.”可知，前后句是转折关系，but“但是”符合语境。故选C。 41．句意：鲁班开始变得担心了。 worry担心（动词）；worrying担心（现在分词）；worried担心的（形容词）；worriedly担心地（副词）。became在此处作系动词，其后接形容词worried作表语，形容人。故选C。 42．句意：幸运的是，他伸出手抓住了一些草。 reaches伸手（动词第三人称单数形式）；reached伸手（过去式）；will reach将要伸手（一般将来时）；was reaching正在伸手（过去进行时）。根据held可知，时态是一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故选B。 43．句意：虽然草伤了他的手，但是鲁班保持沉默，因为他已经陷入了沉思。 If如果；Because因为；Until直到……为止；Although虽然。分析“...the grass hurt his hand, Lu Ban stayed silent”可知，前后句是让步关系，此处应用Although引导此让步状语从句。故选D。 44．句意：为什么这草如此锋利？ does做（动词第三人称单数形式）；did做（过去式）；is是；was是（过去式）。此句是直接引语，根据“Why…this grass so sharp?”可知，时态是一般现在时，空后的sharp是形容词，在此句中要与be动词连用，主语this grass表示单数，所以be动词用is。故选C。 45．句意：当他看着手上的小伤口时，他仔细地想了想。 care关心（动词原形）；caring关心（现在分词）；careful仔细的（形容词）；carefully仔细地（副词）。分析“He thought about it...”可知，空格处应用副词，修饰动词thought。故选D。 46．句意：鲁班检查了草，注意到它的叶子上有许多锋利的小牙齿。 that引导宾语从句时，无意义，在从句中不做成分；what“什么”，引导宾语从句；how“怎样”，引导宾语从句；why“为什么”，引导宾语从句。分析“noticed...its leaves had many little sharp teeth”可知，空格处是宾语从句的引导词，无意义，且在从句中不做成分，因此，应用that引导此宾语从句。故选A。 47．句意：他想到了一个主意。 A（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素前）；An（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素前）；The这个，那个（定冠词，表示特指）；/零冠词。此处泛指一个主意，且idea以元音音素开头，所以空格处应用不定冠词An。故选B。 48．句意：很快，所有其他工人都学会了使用锯子。 the other（两部分或两者中的）另一；others其他人（其后不接名词）；another（三者或三者以上的）另一个；the others剩下的所有其他人（其后不接名词）。根据“all…workers learnt to use saws.”可知，此处指除鲁班以外的所有其他工人，空后的workers是可数名词的复数形式，“all the other+可数名词复数形式”表示“所有其他的……”。故选A。 49．句意：最后，他们可以迅速砍倒大树。 could可以；must必须；should应该；would将要。根据“they…cut down large trees quickly.”可知，此处表示工人使用锯子，可以迅速砍倒大树。故选A。 50．句意：在锯子的帮助下，宫殿按时完工了。 completed完成（过去式）；was completed被完成（一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数）；has completed已经完成（现在完成时）；were completed被完成（一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数）。时态是一般过去时，主语palace和动词complete之间是被动关系，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语palace表示单数，故选B。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$