精品解析：湖南省岳阳市第一中学等多校2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题

机密★启用前 2024年上学期高二5月大联考 英语 本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑，如有改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the woman arrive at the party? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 7:30. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who had a traffic accident? A. Cathy. B. Henry. C. Tom. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. Outside a cinema. B. In a classroom. C. In a bookstore. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think important? A. The postcard. B. The letter. C. The handbill. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man invite the woman? A. To meet his parents. B. To practise English. C. To do homework together. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What did Jenny forget to do? A. Make an appointment with the man. B. Take her cell phone with her. C. Tell the woman about the man’s call. 7. What will the woman do on Saturday? A. Have dinner with the man. B. Prepare for the exams. C. Make a phone call to the man. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A travel plan. B. A garden. C. A family story. 9. Where are the trees by the house from? A. Australia. B. America. C. New Zealand. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What does the woman have to do? A. Speak Spanish at home. B. Choose a course. C. Give a talk in French. 11. What kind of language does the man suggest the woman take? A. Easier. B. More interesting. C. More useful. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. How does Mark go to work? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 14. What does Mark usually do on weekends? A. Make cakes. B. Cook for himself. C. Order Chinese food. 15. When does Lily eat out? A. When she wants to try different food. B. When she has a busy day at work. C. When her husband is too busy to cook. 16. What does Lily think of restaurants in the city? A. Popular. B. Wonderful. C. Expensive. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What does the speaker do? A. A scientist. B. An engineer. C. A businessman. 18. What was the speaker’s major in college? A. Marketing. B. Computer science. C. Business. 19. What made the speaker get the idea of starting his career in AI? A. Apple’s Siri. B. His teacher’s suggestion. C. A famous scientist’s report. 20. How does the speaker feel about AI’s future? A. Inspiring. B. Interesting. C. Promising. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Floating Markets in Bangkok, Thailand One might feel as though they are entering a different world upon visiting a Thai floating market. While some countries in Asia have their own floating markets, none compare to Thailand’s, and the special experience is one you cannot miss while visiting the country. Long-tail boats, ancient and traditional houses, and shouting vendors (商贩) are the major elements of floating markets in Bangkok. They are excellent options for experiencing the unusual culture and life of Thailand. Here are the top 8 floating markets in Bangkok, where you can experience the chaotic and charming atmosphere. Name Distance from Downtown Bangkok Open Times Features Damnoen Saduak 80 km (50 mi) Every day from 7 a. m. to 5 p. m Long-tail boat cruises, remote villages, plantations Amphawa 90 km (55mi) 11 a. m. to 9.30 p. m., Friday to Sunday Thai food, little wooden houses, temples Wat Sai 23 km (14 mi) 8 a. m.— 6 p. m., Tuesday— Saturday A mixture of Chinese culture and Thai culture Taling Chan 12 km (7 mi) 8 a. m.— 6 p. m., Saturday— Sunday Temples, massages (按摩) on boats, foot massages under trees Bangkhla 100km (60 mi) 8 a. m.— 6 p. m., Saturday— Sunday Remote countryside, charm, biking Bang Nam Pheung 20 km (12 mi) 8: 30 a. m.— 5 p. m., Saturday— Sunday Fruit, food, a nature sanctuary (避难所) Bang Phli 38 km (24 mi) 11 a. m.— 5:30 p. m., Tuesday— Saturday Oldest, historical buildings, temples Khlong Lat Mayom 21 km (13 mi) 7 a. m.— 5 p. m., Saturday — Sunday Food, fruit, boat noodles 21. Which floating market only opens on weekends with the shortest opening hours? A. Taling Chan. B. Bang Phli. C. Bang Nam Pheung. D. Khlong Lat Mayom. 22. What is the unique characteristic of the market closest to Bangkok? A. Delicious Thai food. B. Numerous temple buildings. C. Various massage services. D. The traditional countryside life. 23. Which statement about Wat Sai is correct? A. It is influenced by Chinese cultural elements. B. Its number of open days in a week is the largest. C. It is the centre of cultural exchange around the world. D. It is a must-see tourist destination for Chinese tourists. B A woman in Lakewood, Washington, wanted to find a boy who left $5 and a heartbreaking apology note on her doorstep. On Friday, Marie found this note from “Jake”: “I am sorry that I took your butterfly wind chimes (风铃) without your permission. My mum died and she liked butterflies so I took them to put by our window. Now I feel terrible for my past behaviour. I am sorry. This is the only money I have. Please do not be mad at me.” Mari e told KCPQ she was not mad and wanted to find Jake to return his $5. “I wanted to cry because apparently he felt bad for what he had done. And I think he might be scared,” she told the station. Marie said she knows stealing is immoral, but she is sympathetic to the child. “I’m not agreeing with the stealing act but he did try to make up for what he had done. I lost my mum at a young age so I really make sense of his feeling and know how hard it is,” she said. Marie wanted to find Jake, not to punish him, but to return his money for his honesty. Marie moved to the neighbourhood two months ago and didn’t know many people there, which made tracking down Jake difficult. In order to find the boy, she turned to Facebook. Almost a week later, her Facebook post got much attention from social media, but she still didn’t hear from the boy. Marie said she wanted Jake to know that she had no intention of embarrassing or scaring him by asking him to reveal himself. She also said she was willing to help Jake with his schooling if she could find him. 24. Why did Jake feel sorry? A. He caught butterflies in Marie’s garden. B. He stole five dollars from a woman. C. He lost something borrowed from Marie. D. He took Marie’s wind chimes without permission. 25. What do Marie and Jake have in common? A. Their mums liked butterflies. B. They lost their mums in childhood. C They collected wind chimes. D. They took something of neighbours. 26. What makes it hard for Marie to find Jake? A Her neighbours’ unwillingness to help her. B. Her considerable shyness. C. Her announcement to punish the boy. D. Her being unfamiliar with the neighbourhood. 27. Which of the following can best describe Marie? A. Kind and sympathetic. B. Devoted and caring. C. Generous and humble. D. Honest and careful. C Hawaii lawmakers are considering legislation (立法) that would require visitors to pay for a year-long license or pass to visit state parks. Josh Green is the state’s governor. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 million visitors a year, but we only have 1.4 million people living here.” He added, “Those 10 million travellers should be helping us sustain our environment.” Lawmakers still debating how much they would charge. The governor campaigned in 2022 on the idea of having all tourists pay a $50 fee to enter the state. Legislators think this would violate US constitutional protections for free travel. They instead think visitors should pay to enter parks and trails. Either policy would be a first of its kind for any US state. Hawaii’s leaders are following the example of other popular tourist areas with similar fees or taxes. They include Venice, Italy, and Ecuador’s Galapagos Islands. Hawaii State Representative Sean Quinlan is the leader of the House Tourism Committee. He said changes in the activities of travellers are part of Hawaii’s push. He said golf rounds per visitor per day have dropped 30 percent over the past 10 years while hiking has increased50 percent. People are also seeking out isolated places they have seen on social media. The state does not have the money to oversee and protect all these places, he said. Most state parks and trails are currently free. Some of the most popular ones already charge, like Diamond Head State Monument. That trail leads hikers from the floor of a 300,000-year-old volcano up to the top. It gets 1 million visitors each year and costs $5for each traveller. A bill currently before the legislature would require visitors over the age of 15to buy a yearly pass to visit forests, parks, trails or “other natural area on state land”. People who live in Hawaii would not need to pay. 28 What does the underlined word “violate” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Break. B. Establish. C. Uphold. D. Perfect. 29. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The decreasing number of tourists to Hawaii. B. Advantages of Hawaii’s tourism resources. C. The increasing financial burden of Hawaii. D. One reason for wanting to charge tourists. 30. What can be concluded from the text? A. None of the attractions in Hawaii charge fees currently. B. The goal to charge fees is to limit the number of tourists. C. Lawmakers are arguing about whether charging fees is legal. D. Charging fees is beneficial for Hawaii’s natural environment. 31. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A travel guide. C. A law textbook. D. A promotional brochure. D Why do farmers grow crops outside in fields when we can arrange them vertically (垂直地)? The idea of vertical farming was first proposed in 1999. It was seen as a way to save space, reduce air miles and transform old and abandoned buildings, like warehouses. In 2021, Fortune Business Insights valued the global vertical farming market at 3.47 billion dollars. Now, however, this industry is under threat, partly due to rising energy costs. According to the magazine Science Focus, vertical farming gives ten times the yield (产量) of conventional outdoor farming. However, in order for crops to grow using this method, plants are placed in a controlled environment, grown not under the Sun, but under LED lights and watered with recycled water pumped on a closed-loop system (闭环系统). Unfortunately, energy prices have risen across the globe. Therefore, this reliance on electricity has meant the last few years have not been easy for the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, from the Dutch research firm RaboResearch, has estimated that operational costs for a vertical farm are around 15% higher now compared to 18 months ago. Infarm, Europe’s largest vertical farming company, made around500 employees redundant (被裁员的) in November 2022 because they needed to downsize. They blamed higher operating costs due to energy increases as one reason for the layoffs. Another issue related to the cost-of -living crisis and affecting vertical farming is the type of produce grown. This includes herbs such as basil, as well as salad leaves and leafy greens. Compared to traditionally farmed plants, like onions and carrots, these products tend to be more expensive, which could lead to reduced demand as consumers become more cautious about their spending. So, it seems that a future with food grown under LED lights is looking less and less bright. 32. What is the feature of vertical farming? A. Saving urban land and achieving zero emissions. B. Demanding highly technical and complex control. C. High energy consumption and low output value. D. Making full use of sunlight and water resources. 33. How does the author develop his idea in Paragraph 3? A. By making assumptions. B. By criticizing a typical behaviour. C. By listing specific data and facts. D. By referring to a social phenomenon. 34. What can we infer from the text? A. Vertical farming avoids climate and disaster impacts. B. Vertical farming costs jumped due to higher energy prices. C. Vertical farming grows high-value, cost-effective produce. D. High yield protects vertical farming from market competition. 35. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Is This the End of Vertical Farming? B. Is Vertical Farming Highly Efficient? C. Challenges Industrial Agriculture Faces D. New Trends in Vertical Agriculture 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine. ____36____ An estimated two million fungal species — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science, according to a science reporter. ____37____ Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. ____38____ This has held back a lot of research.” ____39____ “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”. Some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees. ____40____ So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible — fungi. A. Are mushrooms a type of fungus? B. So, why do we know so little about them? C. Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife. D. The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them. E. “Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth. F But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab. G. In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi — five or six times more than plants. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Eric Moussambani is the first swimmer from Equatorial Guinea to compete in the Olympics. He found his passion for swimming shortly after high school. At the time, he didn’t know how to ____41____, but he knew it was a sport he wanted to ____42____. Unfortunately, there were no ____43____ swimming pools in his country. ____44____, he found a hotel pool where he could only swim three hours a week. When he couldn’t ____45____ the pool, he trained in rivers and the sea, with the local fishermen ____46____ him on how to use his legs and arms. After about eight months of swimming, Eric gained ____47____ into the 2000 Summer Olympics through a programme designed to ____48____ sports development in developing countries. In Sydney, Eric saw an Olympic-size swimming pool for the first time. It was so big that Eric said he was so ____49____ to compete in it. In ____50____ his event, Eric trained at the same time with the US team and took the opportunity to ____51____ their techniques closely. On September 19, 2000, Eric stepped out for the men’s 100-metre freestyle competition. “I swam the first 50 metres really well,” said Eric. After turning for the second length, however, Eric found his legs stiffened (变僵硬). “It was then I heard the crowd shouting, encouraging me to go. It gave me the ____52____ to make it to the end.” Eric ____53____ the race with a time of 1:52.72, the ____54____ recorded time in Olympic history. But the audience did not care. They ____55____ him as if he had broken the world record. 41. A. swim B. compete C. participate D. apply 42. A. risk B. promote C. pursue D. continue 43. A. clean B. perfect C. similar D. standard 44. A. Eventually B. Strangely C. Naturally D. Certainly 45 A. reach B. discover C. rent D. use 46. A. congratulating B. guiding C. focusing D. pointing 47. A. entry B. ability C. experience D. right 48. A. solve B. protect C. award D. encourage 49. A. interested B. frightened C. embarrassed D. disappointed 50. A. fighting for B. looking for C. preparing for D. answering for 51. A. adjust B. study C. doubt D. benefit 52. A. fortune B. way C. strength D. gratitude 53. A. expanded B. finished C. estimated D. revealed 54. A. slowest B. earliest C. highest D. timeliest 55. A. released B. left C. tolerated D. cheered 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people are afraid of flying in airplanes, but they shouldn’t be. Over time airplanes ____56____ (improve) their safety measures. Flying has become one of the safest ways to travel. In fact, when measured per mile, flying is ____57____ (actual) far safer than driving, or travelling by train. Not only is flying the safest mode of transport, ____58____ it is also the fastest. Just a hundred years ago if you wanted to travel from China to the United States, you would have to travel by boat ____59____ many weeks. Fortunately now, you can get there in less than 24 hours. Airplanes are also quite ____60____ (comfort), and often offer in-flight entertainment, such as movies. This helps explain ____61____ travelling by plane is now the first choice for long ____62____ (distant) journeys. Of course, that doesn’t stop some people from being afraid of flying. People can be frightened, ____63____ (think) about flying through the atmosphere (大气层) at hundreds of miles per hour. One of the main reasons that people are afraid to fly is that ____64____ (passenger) lack any control over the airplane, and have to place their trust in the hands of the pilots. Many people intend ____65____ (remain) in control. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Sam来信祝贺你的生日，并寄给你一本英语词典和一本科幻小说《地心游记》(Journey to the Centre of the Earth)作为礼物，请你为此用英语给他写一封回信。内容包括： 1.表示感谢； 2.告诉他你的英语进步情况； 3.邀请他暑假来玩。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The watch was my grandfather’s. He hung it by his bed. The face was marked with elegant Roman numbers and the case was gold. My grandfather got it after his fifty years of devotion to his company. I often gazed at it longingly as I sat with my grandfather after school. The day I told him of my success in the examinations, he was pleased, “You’ll be going to the new school next, Peter. Remember you’ll need plenty of patience. That’s the right way.” I nodded when handing him the watch. The next morning my mother told me he had died in his sleep and left me his watch. For safety, my mother was to put it away until she considered me old enough to look after it. I protested so strongly that she finally agreed to hang it in the kitchen where I could always see it. The summer soon ended and it was time for me to enter the new school. I never made friends easily, and for a time I got along well with some boys. One of them was a rich fellow whose way of impressing us was to parade his belongings before us. Everything Crawley had was better than ours — until he showed off his watch. “I have a better watch than that,” I announced, attempting to impress them. “Well, show it to us,” Crawley sneered (冷笑) in disbelief. Embarrassed, I promised to bring it to them that afternoon. Considering there was no way to persuade my mother to let me take the watch, I decided to wait for her to step outside and slip the watch into my pocket. So I did. After lunch, as I was too excited to wait for the return bus, I got on my bike. I rode fast, excitement crowding in. At the sight of school, I sped up. Then out of nowhere, a little dog ran out into my path. I pulled at my brakes (刹车) so hard that the bike stopped suddenly and I fell over. I picked myself up and put a trembling hand into my pocket. Empty! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Searching for the watch anxiously, I was about to burst into tears when I spotted something shiny. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Anger, awkwardness and sadness seized (抓住) me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 机密★启用前 2024年上学期高二5月大联考 英语 本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑，如有改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When will the woman arrive at the party? A. At 8:00. B. At 8:30. C. At 7:30. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: What time does the party start? W: It starts at 8 o’clock. I think I’ll arrive half an hour late because I have to work late today. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who had a traffic accident? A. Cathy. B. Henry. C. Tom. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Henry said Cathy’s brother Tom was hit by a car yesterday. Isn’t it terrible news? M: Really? I hope he wasn’t seriously hurt. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. Outside a cinema. B. In a classroom. C. In a bookstore. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Look! The ticket of the film is ten dollars per person. M: But if we have student cards, we can get in for five dollars. W: Really? Let’s have a try. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman think important? A. The postcard. B. The letter. C. The handbill. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: The mail has arrived. W: Did I get anything? M: Let me see. You got something from the bank, a handbill from a fitness centre and a postcard from your parents. W: Give me the letter from the bank. It might be important. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man invite the woman? A. To meet his parents. B. To practise English. C. To do homework together. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi! I’m so glad you could come over! W: Thank you very much for the invitation! Doing homework by myself is so boring. M: No problem! Do you want to meet my parents? W: Uh, OK, but I’m a little shy and I’m afraid that my English isn’t very good. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What did Jenny forget to do? A. Make an appointment with the man. B. Take her cell phone with her. C. Tell the woman about the man’s call. 7. What will the woman do on Saturday? A. Have dinner with the man. B. Prepare for the exams. C. Make a phone call to the man. 【答案】6. C 7. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Hello, Mary speaking. M: Hi, Mary. This is Jack. I called you yesterday, but you were not at home. Didn’t your sister Jenny tell you? W: No, she probably forgot. She is busy preparing for her exams these days. M: I tried your cell phone, but you didn’t answer. W: Actually I didn’t have my cell phone with me. Anyway, what did you want to tell me? M: I wanted to invite you to dinner on Saturday. So do you have any plans then? W: No, not at all. See you then. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A travel plan. B. A garden. C. A family story. 9. Where are the trees by the house from? A. Australia. B. America. C. New Zealand. 【答案】8. B 9. A 【解析】 【原文】M: The trees here in the garden are beautiful. But they don’t look native to this place. W: Yeah. My grandfather planted them himself. He got them from different parts of the world. The ones by the house are from Australia. But the tall ones in the back garden are from New Zealand. This one in the front garden is from California, and it’s my favourite tree to climb. M: Are the flowers from different places, too? W: No, they’re all from here in Florida. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What does the woman have to do? A. Speak Spanish at home. B. Choose a course. C. Give a talk in French. 11. What kind of language does the man suggest the woman take? A. Easier. B. More interesting. C. More useful. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Classmates. C. Teacher and student. 【答案】10. B 11. C 12. A 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi, Lucy, how was school today? W: It was good. My teacher gave me this form. I need to decide whether I want to take Spanish or French next year. I really don’t know which one I should take. What do you think? M: Well, you know I speak French, so I would be able to help you with French, but your mum speaks Spanish, so she could help you with that if you need it. W: That’s good, but it doesn’t help me choose. M: Well, which language do you think would be more useful to you? W: Lots of people speak Spanish around here. And my friend Maria, her family speaks Spanish. M: Well, that sounds like it would be a good choice then. Why don’t you take Spanish? W: Okay, I will! Can you sign this form for me and I’ll hand it in tomorrow? M: Sure. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. How does Mark go to work? A. On foot. B. By bus. C. By car. 14 What does Mark usually do on weekends? A. Make cakes. B. Cook for himself. C. Order Chinese food. 15. When does Lily eat out? A. When she wants to try different food. B. When she has a busy day at work. C. When her husband is too busy to cook. 16. What does Lily think of restaurants in the city? A. Popular. B. Wonderful. C. Expensive. 【答案】13. A 14. B 15. C 16. B 【解析】 【原文】W: This is a lovely house! Mark. Thanks for having me over. M: Thank you, Lily. W: It’s very close to work, isn’t it? M: Yes, it is. I always walk to work—even when it rains! The crowdedness on the bus is a deal breaker for me. W: I usually drive my car. It takes so long! M: How long does it take? W: Oh, it takes about 50 minutes. M: That is a long time. Well, have some cake I made. I usually cook at home at the weekend, especially the Chinese food. W: This is delicious! You’re a wonderful cook! M: Thank you. It’s nothing really. Do you cook at home? W: I never cook. My husband, David, usually does all the cooking. M: Do you often go out to eat? W: Yes, when he doesn’t have time to cook, we go out to eat somewhere. M: There are some wonderful restaurants in the city that are not that expensive. W: Yes. So many! You can eat at a different restaurant every day. Monday—Chinese, Tuesday—Italian, Wednesday—Mexican, on and on… 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What does the speaker do? A. A scientist. B. An engineer. C. A businessman. 18. What was the speaker’s major in college? A. Marketing. B. Computer science. C. Business. 19. What made the speaker get the idea of starting his career in AI? A. Apple’s Siri. B. His teacher’s suggestion. C. A famous scientist’s report. 20. How does the speaker feel about AI’s future? A. Inspiring. B. Interesting. C. Promising. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. A 20. C 【解析】 原文】M: Hello, everyone. I’m an engineer from Apple. It’s my great honour to be here to share my knowledge with so many international scientists and business owners. I’m grateful for your coming. I’ve spent my entire career trying to advance the quality of artificial intelligence, or AI for short. But back in college, I majored in marketing and had absolutely no idea of AI at all. So how did I start my career in this field? Apple’s Siri was the first application of AI that I had ever known. From that invention, I knew AI would change the world one day. I then put my heart and efforts into it. That was 10 years ago. Luckily, it turns out that I have made the right choice. Now the industry has made much progress and is playing an increasingly important role in people’s life. The public nowadays feels excited about its development. AI frees them from boring and low-skilled tasks, making life a lot easier and more enjoyable. I feel that we are still in the early days of AI. Although there is still a long way to go, I believe AI will have a bright future. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Floating Markets in Bangkok, Thailand One might feel as though they are entering a different world upon visiting a Thai floating market. While some countries in Asia have their own floating markets, none compare to Thailand’s, and the special experience is one you cannot miss while visiting the country. Long-tail boats, ancient and traditional houses, and shouting vendors (商贩) are the major elements of floating markets in Bangkok. They are excellent options for experiencing the unusual culture and life of Thailand. Here are the top 8 floating markets in Bangkok, where you can experience the chaotic and charming atmosphere. Name Distance from Downtown Bangkok Open Times Features Damnoen Saduak 80 km (50 mi) Every day from 7 a. m. to 5 p. m Long-tail boat cruises, remote villages, plantations Amphawa 90 km (55mi) 11 a. m. to 9.30 p. m., Friday to Sunday Thai food, little wooden houses, temples Wat Sai 23 km (14 mi) 8 a. m.— 6 p. m., Tuesday— Saturday A mixture of Chinese culture and Thai culture Taling Chan 12 km (7 mi) 8 a. m.— 6 p. m., Saturday— Sunday Temples, massages (按摩) on boats, foot massages under trees Bangkhla 100km (60 mi) 8 a. m.— 6 p. m., Saturday— Sunday Remote countryside, charm, biking Bang Nam Pheung 20 km (12 mi) 8: 30 a. m.— 5 p. m., Saturday— Sunday Fruit, food, a nature sanctuary (避难所) Bang Phli 38 km (24 mi) 11 a. m.— 5:30 p. m., Tuesday— Saturday Oldest, historical buildings, temples Khlong Lat Mayom 21 km (13 mi) 7 a. m.— 5 p. m., Saturday — Sunday Food, fruit, boat noodles 21. Which floating market only opens on weekends with the shortest opening hours? A. Taling Chan. B. Bang Phli. C. Bang Nam Pheung. D. Khlong Lat Mayom. 22. What is the unique characteristic of the market closest to Bangkok? A. Delicious Thai food. B. Numerous temple buildings. C. Various massage services. D. The traditional countryside life. 23. Which statement about Wat Sai is correct? A. It is influenced by Chinese cultural elements. B. Its number of open days in a week is the largest. C. It is the centre of cultural exchange around the world. D. It is a must-see tourist destination for Chinese tourists. 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了泰国曼谷八个水上市场的相关信息。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Saturday—Sunday”可知Taling Chan、Bangkhla、Bang Nam Pheung和Khlong Lat Mayom符合仅在周末开放，其中Bang Nam Pheung营业时间最短，是从8: 30 a.m.到5 p.m.。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Distance from Downtown Bangkok部分的内容可知，Taling Chan距离曼谷最近，根据相应Features部分“Temples, massages (按摩) on boats, foot massages under trees(寺庙，船上按摩，树下足底按摩)”可知，各种各样的按摩是其主要特色。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Wat Sai相应Features部分“A mixture of Chinese culture and Thai culture (中国文化和泰国文化的融合)”可知，Wat Sai受到中国文化元素的影响。故选A。 B A woman in Lakewood, Washington, wanted to find a boy who left $5 and a heartbreaking apology note on her doorstep. On Friday, Marie found this note from “Jake”: “I am sorry that I took your butterfly wind chimes (风铃) without your permission. My mum died and she liked butterflies so I took them to put by our window. Now I feel terrible for my past behaviour. I am sorry. This is the only money I have. Please do not be mad at me.” Mari e told KCPQ she was not mad and wanted to find Jake to return his $5. “I wanted to cry because apparently he felt bad for what he had done. And I think he might be scared,” she told the station. Marie said she knows stealing is immoral, but she is sympathetic to the child. “I’m not agreeing with the stealing act but he did try to make up for what he had done. I lost my mum at a young age so I really make sense of his feeling and know how hard it is,” she said. Marie wanted to find Jake, not to punish him, but to return his money for his honesty. Marie moved to the neighbourhood two months ago and didn’t know many people there, which made tracking down Jake difficult. In order to find the boy, she turned to Facebook. Almost a week later, her Facebook post got much attention from social media, but she still didn’t hear from the boy. Marie said she wanted Jake to know that she had no intention of embarrassing or scaring him by asking him to reveal himself. She also said she was willing to help Jake with his schooling if she could find him. 24. Why did Jake feel sorry? A. He caught butterflies in Marie’s garden. B. He stole five dollars from a woman. C. He lost something borrowed from Marie. D. He took Marie’s wind chimes without permission. 25. What do Marie and Jake have in common? A. Their mums liked butterflies. B. They lost their mums in childhood. C. They collected wind chimes. D. They took something of neighbours. 26. What makes it hard for Marie to find Jake? A. Her neighbours’ unwillingness to help her. B. Her considerable shyness. C. Her announcement to punish the boy. D. Her being unfamiliar with the neighbourhood. 27. Which of the following can best describe Marie? A. Kind and sympathetic. B. Devoted and caring. C. Generous and humble. D. Honest and careful. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. D 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一名男孩因为过世的妈妈喜欢蝴蝶而偷走了玛丽家门口的蝴蝶风铃并把风铃挂在窗口，为此他留下五美元和一封道歉信，玛丽很受感动并试图找到这名男孩，想告诉男孩，她理解男孩的感受，会保护他的身份并提出要帮助男孩的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I am sorry that I took your butterfly wind chimes without your permission. (我很抱歉，我没有得到你的允许就拿了你的蝴蝶风铃)”可知，小男孩道歉的原因是他没有经过允许就拿走了玛丽的风铃。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“My mum died and she liked butterflies so I took them to put by our window.(我妈妈去世了，她喜欢蝴蝶，所以我把它们放在我们的窗边。) ”以及第三段最后一句“I lost my mum at a young age so I really make sense of his feeling and know how hard it is(我很小的时候就失去了妈妈，所以我真的能理解他的感受，也知道这有多难)”可知，Marie小的时候就没有了妈妈，这个情况和Jake是一样的。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Marie wanted to find Jake, not to punish him, but to return his money for his honesty. Marie moved to the neighbourhood two months ago and didn’t know many people there, which made tracking down Jake difficult.(玛丽想找到杰克，不是为了惩罚他，而是为了还他诚实的钱。玛丽两个月前搬到这个社区，在那里认识的人不多，所以很难找到杰克)”可知，玛丽找不到杰克是因为她最近刚刚搬家到这里，她对这里的居民都很不熟悉。故选D。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Marie said she wanted Jake to know that she had no intention of embarrassing or scaring him by asking him to reveal himself. She also said she was willing to help Jake with his schooling if she could find him.(玛丽说，她想让杰克知道，她并不想让他暴露自己的身份，让他感到尴尬或害怕。她还说，如果她能找到杰克，她愿意帮助他学习)”可知，玛丽想保护杰克的身份，说明玛丽善良，想帮助杰克学习，说明玛丽富有同情心。由此推断出玛丽是个善良而富有同情心的人。故选A。 C Hawaii lawmakers are considering legislation (立法) that would require visitors to pay for a year-long license or pass to visit state parks. Josh Green is the state’s governor. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 million visitors a year, but we only have 1.4 million people living here.” He added, “Those 10 million travellers should be helping us sustain our environment.” Lawmakers still debating how much they would charge. The governor campaigned in 2022 on the idea of having all tourists pay a $50 fee to enter the state. Legislators think this would violate US constitutional protections for free travel. They instead think visitors should pay to enter parks and trails. Either policy would be a first of its kind for any US state. Hawaii’s leaders are following the example of other popular tourist areas with similar fees or taxes. They include Venice, Italy, and Ecuador’s Galapagos Islands. Hawaii State Representative Sean Quinlan is the leader of the House Tourism Committee. He said changes in the activities of travellers are part of Hawaii’s push. He said golf rounds per visitor per day have dropped 30 percent over the past 10 years while hiking has increased50 percent. People are also seeking out isolated places they have seen on social media. The state does not have the money to oversee and protect all these places, he said. Most state parks and trails are currently free. Some of the most popular ones already charge, like Diamond Head State Monument. That trail leads hikers from the floor of a 300,000-year-old volcano up to the top. It gets 1 million visitors each year and costs $5for each traveller. A bill currently before the legislature would require visitors over the age of 15to buy a yearly pass to visit forests, parks, trails or “other natural area on state land”. People who live in Hawaii would not need to pay. 28. What does the underlined word “violate” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Break. B. Establish. C. Uphold. D. Perfect. 29. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The decreasing number of tourists to Hawaii. B. Advantages of Hawaii’s tourism resources. C. The increasing financial burden of Hawaii. D. One reason for wanting to charge tourists. 30. What can be concluded from the text? A. None of the attractions in Hawaii charge fees currently. B. The goal to charge fees is to limit the number of tourists. C. Lawmakers are arguing about whether charging fees is legal. D. Charging fees is beneficial for Hawaii’s natural environment. 31. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A travel guide. C. A law textbook. D. A promotional brochure. 【答案】28. A 29. D 30. D 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章报道了夏威夷州正在考虑立法，要求游客支付费用以访问州立公园的新闻。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据前文“The governor campaigned in 2022 on the idea of having all tourists pay a $50 fee to enter the state.(这位州长在2022年的竞选中提出，所有游客进入该州都要支付50美元的费用)”以及后文“US constitutional protections for free travel(美国宪法对自由旅行的保护)”可知，州长想要所有游客进入该州都要支付50美元的费用，应是违反了美国宪法对自由旅行的保护，推知violate意为“违反”，和A项意思相近。故选A项。 【29题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“Hawaii State Representative Sean Quinlan is the leader of the House Tourism Committee. He said changes in the activities of travellers are part of Hawaii’s push. He said golf rounds per visitor per day have dropped 30 percent over the past 10 years while hiking has increased50 percent. People are also seeking out isolated places they have seen on social media. The state does not have the money to oversee and protect all these places, he said.(夏威夷州众议员肖恩·昆兰(Sean Quinlan)是众议院旅游委员会的领导人。他说，游客活动的变化是夏威夷推动的一部分。他说，在过去10年里，每个游客每天打高尔夫球的次数下降了30%，而徒步旅行的次数增加了50%。人们也在寻找他们在社交媒体上看到的与世隔绝的地方。他说，国家没有足够的资金来监督和保护所有这些地方)”可知，本段主要讲述了夏威夷想要向游客收费的原因，即游客的活动变化给夏威夷带来了财政负担，而收费可以缓解这种负担。故选D项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Josh Green is the state’s governor. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 million visitors a year, but we only have 1.4 million people living here.” He added, “Those 10 million travellers should be helping us sustain our environment.” Lawmakers still debating how much they would charge.(乔希·格林(Josh Green)是该州州长。他说：“我们每年接待900万到1000万游客，但我们这里只有140万人口。”他补充说：“这1000万游客应该帮助我们维持环境。”议员们仍在争论他们将收取多少费用)”以及第二段“Hawaii’s leaders are following the example of other popular tourist areas with similar fees or taxes.(夏威夷的领导人正在效仿其他热门旅游区，征收类似的费用或税收)”可知，文中提到夏威夷的领导人在效仿其他受欢迎的旅游地区收取类似的费用或税收，目的是帮助维持和保护自然环境。因此，可以得出结论，收费对夏威夷的自然环境是有益的。故选D项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Hawaii lawmakers are considering legislation (立法) that would require visitors to pay for a year-long license or pass to visit state parks. Josh Green is the state’s governor. He said, “We get between 9 and 10 million visitors a year, but we only have 1.4 million people living here.” He added, “Those 10 million travellers should be helping us sustain our environment.” Lawmakers still debating how much they would charge.(夏威夷立法者正在考虑立法，要求游客购买一年的许可证或通行证才能参观州立公园。乔希·格林(Josh Green)是该州州长。他说：“我们每年接待900万到1000万游客，但我们这里只有140万人口。”他补充说：“这1000万游客应该帮助我们维持环境。”议员们仍在争论他们将收取多少费用)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要报道了夏威夷立法者正在考虑立法要求游客为参观州立公园购买年票或通行证，属于新闻报道类文章。故选A项。 D Why do farmers grow crops outside in fields when we can arrange them vertically (垂直地)? The idea of vertical farming was first proposed in 1999. It was seen as a way to save space, reduce air miles and transform old and abandoned buildings, like warehouses. In 2021, Fortune Business Insights valued the global vertical farming market at 3.47 billion dollars. Now, however, this industry is under threat, partly due to rising energy costs. According to the magazine Science Focus, vertical farming gives ten times the yield (产量) of conventional outdoor farming. However, in order for crops to grow using this method, plants are placed in a controlled environment, grown not under the Sun, but under LED lights and watered with recycled water pumped on a closed-loop system (闭环系统). Unfortunately, energy prices have risen across the globe. Therefore, this reliance on electricity has meant the last few years have not been easy for the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, from the Dutch research firm RaboResearch, has estimated that operational costs for a vertical farm are around 15% higher now compared to 18 months ago. Infarm, Europe’s largest vertical farming company, made around500 employees redundant (被裁员的) in November 2022 because they needed to downsize. They blamed higher operating costs due to energy increases as one reason for the layoffs. Another issue related to the cost-of -living crisis and affecting vertical farming is the type of produce grown. This includes herbs such as basil, as well as salad leaves and leafy greens. Compared to traditionally farmed plants, like onions and carrots, these products tend to be more expensive, which could lead to reduced demand as consumers become more cautious about their spending. So, it seems that a future with food grown under LED lights is looking less and less bright. 32. What is the feature of vertical farming? A. Saving urban land and achieving zero emissions. B. Demanding highly technical and complex control. C. High energy consumption and low output value. D. Making full use of sunlight and water resources. 33. How does the author develop his idea in Paragraph 3? A. By making assumptions. B. By criticizing a typical behaviour. C. By listing specific data and facts. D. By referring to a social phenomenon. 34. What can we infer from the text? A. Vertical farming avoids climate and disaster impacts. B. Vertical farming costs jumped due to higher energy prices. C. Vertical farming grows high-value, cost-effective produce. D. High yield protects vertical farming from market competition. 35. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Is This the End of Vertical Farming? B. Is Vertical Farming Highly Efficient? C. Challenges Industrial Agriculture Faces D. New Trends in Vertical Agriculture 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕垂直农业这一新兴农业形式进行了深入的探讨，介绍了其背景、特点、市场价值，以及当前面临的挑战，特别是能源成本上升对其造成的影响。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“However, in order for crops to grow using this method, plants are placed in a controlled environment, grown not under the Sun, but under LED lights and watered with recycled water pumped on a closed-loop system ( 闭环系统 ).(然而，为了用这种方法种植作物，植物被放置在一个受控的环境中，不是在阳光下生长，而是在LED灯下生长，并用闭环系统泵送的循环水浇灌。)”可知，垂直农业点要求高技术和复杂的控制。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Unfortunately, energy prices have risen across the globe. Therefore, this reliance on electricity has meant the last few years have not been easy for the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, from the Dutch research firm RaboResearch, has estimated that operational costs for a vertical farm are around 15% higher now compared to 18 months ago. Infarm, Europe’s largest vertical farming company, made around500 employees redundant (被裁员的) in November 2022 because they needed to downsize. They blamed higher operating costs due to energy increases as one reason for the layoffs.(不幸的是，全球能源价格都在上涨。因此，对电力的依赖意味着过去几年对该行业来说并不容易。荷兰研究公司RaboResearch的辛迪·范·瑞斯维克(Cindy van Rijswick)估计，与18个月前相比，垂直农场的运营成本现在高出了15%左右。欧洲最大的垂直农业公司Infarm在2022年11月裁员约500人，因为他们需要缩小规模。他们认为，能源价格上涨导致的运营成本上升是裁员的原因之一)”可推知，本段主要通过列举具体的数据和事实来阐述作者的观点，比如全球能源价格上涨，以及Infarm公司裁员等实际情况，从而说明垂直农业面临的挑战。故选C项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Unfortunately, energy prices have risen across the globe. Therefore, this reliance on electricity has meant the last few years have not been easy for the industry. Cindy van Rijswick, from the Dutch research firm RaboResearch, has estimated that operational costs for a vertical farm are around 15% higher now compared to 18 months ago. Infarm, Europe’s largest vertical farming company, made around500 employees redundant (被裁员的) in November 2022 because they needed to downsize. They blamed higher operating costs due to energy increases as one reason for the layoffs.(不幸的是，全球能源价格都在上涨。因此，对电力的依赖意味着过去几年对该行业来说并不容易。荷兰研究公司RaboResearch的辛迪·范·瑞斯维克(Cindy van Rijswick)估计，与18个月前相比，垂直农场的运营成本现在高出了15%左右。欧洲最大的垂直农业公司Infarm在2022年11月裁员约500人，因为他们需要缩小规模。他们认为，能源价格上涨导致的运营成本上升是裁员的原因之一)”可知，全球能源价格上涨，这导致垂直农业成本大幅增加，同时指出Infarm公司因为运营成本上升而进行裁员。故选B项。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Why do farmers grow crops outside in fields when we can arrange them vertically (垂直地)? The idea of vertical farming was first proposed in 1999. It was seen as a way to save space, reduce air miles and transform old and abandoned buildings, like warehouses. In 2021, Fortune Business Insights valued the global vertical farming market at 3．47 billion dollars. Now, however, this industry is under threat, partly due to rising energy costs.(既然可以垂直种植，为什么农民还要在室外种植呢?垂直农业的想法最早是在1999年提出的。它被视为一种节省空间、减少飞行里程、改造仓库等旧建筑和废弃建筑的方法。2021年，《财富商业洞察》对全球垂直农业市场的估值为34.7亿美元。然而，现在这个行业正面临威胁，部分原因是能源成本上升)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要讨论了垂直农业面临的挑战和困境，特别是能源成本上升对垂直农业的影响，以及消费者对高成本产品的谨慎态度。由此可知，A项“Is This the End of Vertical Farming?(这是垂直农业的终结吗？)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine. ____36____ An estimated two million fungal species — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science, according to a science reporter. ____37____ Scientists are trying to find out more about this largely unexplored world, but it is challenging. Dr Martyn Ainsworth, a senior researcher from Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in London, says, “We can grow a certain number in the lab. ____38____ This has held back a lot of research.” ____39____ “A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,” says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, “but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.” Most are harmless and often beneficial, called by some “the hidden helpers of our environment”. Some fungi provide food and shelter for wildlife, help plants absorb water and nutrients and recycle waste and dead matter. Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees. ____40____ So, next time you add mushrooms to your dinner, take a painkiller for a headache, or go for a walk through the woods, remember to thank the living things that made it all possible — fungi. A. Are mushrooms a type of fungus? B. So why do we know so little about them? C. Wetlands are important because they provide food and shelter for wildlife. D. The fact that we know so little about fungi leads us to misunderstand them. E. “Fungi are really the behind-the-scenes team doing all the work,” adds Dr Ainsworth. F. But there is a whole host of fungi that we cannot grow in the lab. G. In the UK, there are around 25,000 species of fungi — five or six times more than plants. 【答案】36. B 37. G 38. F 39. D 40. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了真菌的作用。 【36题详解】 上文“Fungi (真菌) play an important role in ecosystems, are a source of food, and make key contributions to the world of medicine.( 真菌在生态系统中发挥着重要作用，是食物的来源，并为医学界做出了重要贡献)”提到真菌的重要作用，下文“An estimated two million fungal specie — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”提到90%以上的真菌尚未被科学描述，B项“那么，为什么我们对它们知之甚少呢？”承上启下，B项中it指代上文中的“Fungi”，故选B。 【37题详解】 根据上文“An estimated two million fungal specie — more than 90% of all fungi — have yet to be described by science(估计有200万种真菌——占所有真菌的90%以上——尚未被科学描述)”可知，估计有200万种真菌尚未被科学描述，G项“在英国，大约有25000种真菌，是植物的5到6倍”承接上文，进一步描述真菌的庞大数量，故选G。 【38题详解】 上文“We can grow a certain number in the lab.(我们可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物)”提到可以在实验室里培育一定数量的植物，结合下文“This has held back a lot of research.(这阻碍了很多研究)”可知，空处应是提及阻碍研究的因素，F项“但是有很多真菌是我们无法在实验室里培养的”符合语境，故选F。 【39题详解】 根据下文“‘A lot of people are afraid of poisonous mushrooms,’ says Dr Jassy Drakulic, a plant pathologist, ‘but only a very small proportion of the thousands of species of fungi in the world can cause disease.’(植物病理学家Jassy Drakulic博士说：‘很多人都害怕有毒的蘑菇，但在世界上成千上万种真菌中，只有很小一部分会致病。’)”可知，真菌被人们误解，D项“我们对真菌知之甚少，这使我们对它们产生了误解”符合语境，故选D。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Other types of fungi grow on the roots of trees and plants, forming a huge underground network that helps nourish trees.(其他种类的真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木)”可知，真菌生长在树木和植物的根部，形成一个巨大的地下网络，帮助滋养树木，E项“‘真菌确实是幕后团队，完成了所有的工作，’Ainsworth博士补充道”总结上文真菌的作用，E项“behind-the-scenes”呼应上文“a huge underground network”，真菌在地下形成巨大的网络，是幕后团队，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Eric Moussambani is the first swimmer from Equatorial Guinea to compete in the Olympics. He found his passion for swimming shortly after high school. At the time, he didn’t know how to ____41____, but he knew it was a sport he wanted to ____42____. Unfortunately, there were no ____43____ swimming pools in his country. ____44____, he found a hotel pool where he could only swim three hours a week. When he couldn’t ____45____ the pool, he trained in rivers and the sea, with the local fishermen ____46____ him on how to use his legs and arms. After about eight months of swimming, Eric gained ____47____ into the 2000 Summer Olympics through a programme designed to ____48____ sports development in developing countries. In Sydney, Eric saw an Olympic-size swimming pool for the first time. It was so big that Eric said he was so ____49____ to compete in it. In ____50____ his event, Eric trained at the same time with the US team and took the opportunity to ____51____ their techniques closely. On September 19, 2000, Eric stepped out for the men’s 100-metre freestyle competition. “I swam the first 50 metres really well,” said Eric. After turning for the second length, however, Eric found his legs stiffened (变僵硬). “It was then I heard the crowd shouting, encouraging me to go. It gave me the ____52____ to make it to the end.” Eric ____53____ the race with a time of 1:52.72, the ____54____ recorded time in Olympic history. But the audience did not care. They ____55____ him as if he had broken the world record. 41. A. swim B. compete C. participate D. apply 42. A. risk B. promote C. pursue D. continue 43. A. clean B. perfect C. similar D. standard 44. A. Eventually B. Strangely C. Naturally D. Certainly 45. A. reach B. discover C. rent D. use 46. A. congratulating B. guiding C. focusing D. pointing 47. A. entry B. ability C. experience D. right 48. A. solve B. protect C. award D. encourage 49. A. interested B. frightened C. embarrassed D. disappointed 50. A. fighting for B. looking for C. preparing for D. answering for 51. A. adjust B. study C. doubt D. benefit 52. A. fortune B. way C. strength D. gratitude 53. A. expanded B. finished C. estimated D. revealed 54. A. slowest B. earliest C. highest D. timeliest 55. A. released B. left C. tolerated D. cheered 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了赤道几内亚的游泳选手Eric Moussambani通过自己决不放弃的精神，参加2000年悉尼奥运会的100m游泳比赛并赢得人们敬意的故事。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，他不知道如何游泳，但他知道这是他想要追求的运动。A. swim游泳；B. compete竞争；C. participate参加；D. apply应用。根据上文“He found his passion for swimming shortly after high school”可知，在那个时候他不知道怎么游泳。故选A。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，他不知道如何游泳，但他知道这是他想要追求的运动。A. risk冒……的危险；B. promote提升；C. pursue追求；D. continue继续。根据下文“he found a hotel pool where he could only swim three hours a week”可知，他虽然不知道怎么游泳，但是后来还是练习游泳，说明这是他想要追求的运动。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他的国家没有标准的游泳池。A. clean干净的；B. perfect完美的；C. similar类似的；D. standard标准的。根据下文“he found a hotel pool”可知，他的国家没有标准的游泳池。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他找到了一个旅馆的游泳池，在那里他每周只能游三个小时。A. Eventually最后；B. Strangely奇怪的是；C. Naturally自然地；D. Certainly当然。根据下文“he found a hotel pool where he could only swim three hours a week”可知，最后，他找到了一个旅馆的游泳池。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他不能使用游泳池时，他在河里和海里训练，由当地渔民指导他如何使用腿和手臂。A. reach到达；B. discover发现；C. rent租；D. use使用。根据下文“he trained in rivers and the sea”可知，当他不能使用游泳池时，他就会在河里和海里训练。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他不能使用游泳池时，他在河里和海里训练，由当地渔民指导他如何使用腿和手臂。A. congratulating祝贺；B. guiding指导；C. focusing集中，关注；D. pointing指。根据下文“on how to use his legs and arms”可知，当地的渔民指导他如何用腿和手臂。故选B。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过大约八个月的游泳训练，埃里克通过一个旨在鼓励发展中国家体育发展的项目获得了2000年夏季奥运会的参赛资格。A. entry参赛；B. ability能力；C. experience经验；D. right权利。根据下文“the 2000 Summer Olympics”可知，他获得了2000年夏季奥运会的参赛资格。故选A。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过大约八个月的游泳训练，Eric通过一个旨在鼓励发展中国家体育发展的项目获得了2000年夏季奥运会的参赛资格。A. solve解决；B. protect保护；C. award授予，颁发；D. encourage鼓励。根据下文“sports development in developing countries”可知，那个项目旨在鼓励发展中国家的体育发展。故选D。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它太大了，Eric说他很害怕在里面比赛。A. interested感兴趣的；B. frightened害怕的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“It was so big”可知，那个游泳池太大了，他说他害怕在里面比赛。故选B。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了准备这次比赛，Eric与美国队同时训练，并借此机会近距离学习他们的技术。A. fighting for争取；B. looking for寻找；C. preparing for为......准备；D. answering for对……负责。根据下文“Eric trained at the same time with the US team”可知，他训练，也就是在为比赛做准备。故选C。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了准备这次比赛，Eric与美国队同时训练，并借此机会近距离学习他们的技术。A. adjust调整；B. study学习；C. doubt怀疑；D. benefit使受益。根据上文“Eric trained at the same time with the US team and took the opportunity to”和下文“their techniques closely”可知，他跟美国队同时训练，就借这个机会学习人家的技术。故选B。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它给了我坚持到最后的力量。A. fortune时运，命运；B. way方法；C. strength力量；D. gratitude感激。根据上文“It was then I heard the crowd shouting, encouraging me to go”可知，观众在大喊，鼓励他，所以这给了他坚持到最后的力量。故选C。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eric以1分52秒72的成绩结束了比赛，这是奥运会历史上最慢的记录。A. expanded扩大；B. finished完成，使结束；C. estimated估计；D. revealed揭示。根据下文“with a time of 1:52.72”可知，他以1分52秒72的成绩结束了比赛。故选B。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Eric以1分52秒72的成绩结束了比赛，这是奥运会历史上最慢的记录。A. slowest最慢的；B. earliest最早的；C. highest最高的；D. timeliest最及时的。根据下文“But the audience did not care”可知，这个成绩并不好，是奥运会历史上最慢的记录，但是观众并不在乎。故选A。 【55题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们向他欢呼，好像他打破了世界纪录似的。A. released释放；B. left离开；C. tolerated忍受；D. cheered欢呼。根据下文“as if he had broken the world record”可知，观众向他欢呼，好像他打破了世界纪录似的。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people are afraid of flying in airplanes, but they shouldn’t be. Over time airplanes ____56____ (improve) their safety measures. Flying has become one of the safest ways to travel. In fact, when measured per mile, flying is ____57____ (actual) far safer than driving, or travelling by train. Not only is flying the safest mode of transport, ____58____ it is also the fastest. Just a hundred years ago if you wanted to travel from China to the United States, you would have to travel by boat ____59____ many weeks. Fortunately now, you can get there in less than 24 hours. Airplanes are also quite ____60____ (comfort), and often offer in-flight entertainment, such as movies. This helps explain ____61____ travelling by plane is now the first choice for long ____62____ (distant) journeys. Of course, that doesn’t stop some people from being afraid of flying. People can be frightened, ____63____ (think) about flying through the atmosphere (大气层) at hundreds of miles per hour. One of the main reasons that people are afraid to fly is that ____64____ (passenger) lack any control over the airplane, and have to place their trust in the hands of the pilots. Many people intend ____65____ (remain) in control. 【答案】56. have improved##have been improving 57. actually 58. but 59. for 60. comfortable 61. why 62. distance 63. thinking 64 passengers 65. to remain 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了很多人害怕坐飞机以及其原因。 【56题详解】 考查时态。句意：随着时间的推移，飞机已经改进了它们的安全措施。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据over time可知，句子可用现在完成时态，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响。也可以用现在完成进行时态，表示该动作发生在过去，一直持续到了现在，并有可能持续下去。主语airplanes为复数。故填have improved/have been improving。 【57题详解】 考查副词。句意：实际上，按照每英里的衡量标准，飞行实际上比开车或乘火车旅行要安全得多。空处需填副词修饰形容词safe，actual的副词形式为actually“实际上”。故填actually。 【58题详解】 考查连词。句意：飞行不仅是最安全的交通方式，而且也是最快的。not only...but (also)...为固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 【59题详解】 考查介词。句意：仅仅一百年前，如果你想从中国前往美国，你必须乘船航行数周。for + 时间段表示持续的一段时间。故填for。 【60题详解】 考查形容词。句意：飞机也非常舒适，经常提供机上娱乐，如电影。空处需填形容词作表语，comfort的形容词形式为comfortable“舒服的”。故填comfortable。 【61题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这有助于解释为什么乘飞机旅行现在成为长途旅行的首选。explain后接宾语从句，从句成分完整，结合句意可知，此处解释了“为什么乘飞机旅行现在成为长途旅行的首选”，所以用why引导该从句。故填why。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：这有助于解释为什么乘飞机旅行现在成为长途旅行的首选。空前的long为形容词，修饰名词，所以空处需要名词。distance的名词形式为distance“距离”，是不可数名词。故填distance。 【63题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们可能会感到害怕，想着以每小时数百英里的速度穿越大气层飞行。空处需要非谓语动词作状语。think与逻辑主语people之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填thinking。 【64题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：人们害怕飞行的主要原因之一是乘客无法控制飞机，不得不将信任寄托在飞行员手中。passenger为可数名词，根据谓语动词lack可知，此处应用复数形式作主语。故填passengers。 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人打算保持控制。intend to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“打算做某事”，为动词不定式作宾语。故填to remain。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Sam来信祝贺你的生日，并寄给你一本英语词典和一本科幻小说《地心游记》(Journey to the Centre of the Earth)作为礼物，请你为此用英语给他写一封回信。内容包括： 1.表示感谢； 2.告诉他你的英语进步情况； 3.邀请他暑假来玩。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sam, I’m so grateful for the birthday blessing and gifts you sent to me. As you know, it’s a challenge for me to learn English well, so I turned to you for help. You advised that I should read more and enlarge my vocabulary. While reading English stories, I came across some new words, so a dictionary was exactly what I needed. Then, I received your gifts, an English dictionary and the novel named Journey to the Centre of the Earth. What a timely help! Encouragingly, I have made some progress in a recent exam. I’ll go on working hard and do better. I hope you can come to my city for a visit during the summer vacation and we can have fun together. Best wishes, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Sam回信，对其赠送的礼物表示感谢，告知自己的英语进步情况并邀请他暑假来玩。 【详解】1.词汇积累 感激的：grateful→appreciative 帮助：help→assistance 建议：advise→suggest 玩得开心：have fun→enjoy oneself 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Then, I received your gifts, an English dictionary and the novel named Journey to the Centre of the Earth. 拓展句：Then, I received your gifts, an English dictionary and the novel whose name is Journey to the Centre of the Earth. 【点睛】[高分句型1] As you know, it’s a challenge for me to learn English well, so I turned to you for help.（运用as引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] While reading English stories, I came across some new words, so a dictionary was exactly what I needed.（运用状语从句省略，what引导表语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The watch was my grandfather’s. He hung it by his bed. The face was marked with elegant Roman numbers and the case was gold. My grandfather got it after his fifty years of devotion to his company. I often gazed at it longingly as I sat with my grandfather after school. The day I told him of my success in the examinations, he was pleased, “You’ll be going to the new school next, Peter. Remember you’ll need plenty of patience. That’s the right way.” I nodded when handing him the watch. The next morning my mother told me he had died in his sleep and left me his watch. For safety, my mother was to put it away until she considered me old enough to look after it. I protested so strongly that she finally agreed to hang it in the kitchen where I could always see it. The summer soon ended and it was time for me to enter the new school. I never made friends easily, and for a time I got along well with some boys. One of them was a rich fellow whose way of impressing us was to parade his belongings before us. Everything Crawley had was better than ours — until he showed off his watch. “I have a better watch than that,” I announced, attempting to impress them. “Well, show it to us,” Crawley sneered (冷笑) in disbelief. Embarrassed, I promised to bring it to them that afternoon. Considering there was no way to persuade my mother to let me take the watch, I decided to wait for her to step outside and slip the watch into my pocket. So I did. After lunch, as I was too excited to wait for the return bus, I got on my bike. I rode fast, excitement crowding in. At the sight of school, I sped up. Then out of nowhere, a little dog ran out into my path. I pulled at my brakes (刹车) so hard that the bike stopped suddenly and I fell over. I picked myself up and put a trembling hand into my pocket. Empty! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Searching for the watch anxiously, I was about to burst into tears when I spotted something shiny. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Anger, awkwardness and sadness seized (抓住) me. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Searching for the watch anxiously, I was about to burst into tears when I spotted something shiny. The golden case of the watch was forced open. The glass was cracked into several pieces and some Roman numbers were displaced. Seeing the mess, I was frozen with misery. Just at that moment, a group of boys led by Crawley passed. They laughed loudly with Crawley screaming words like “What a broken watch!” I shook my fist tightly and glared at them, unable to say anything. Anger, awkwardness and sadness seized (抓住) me. “That’s not the right way. Patience, Peter. Patience,” a voice echoed in my ears after the boys left. I managed to take a deep breath and forced myself to calm down. Wiping away my tears, I wrapped the watch with great care. Grandfather was right! I shouldn’t have pleased the boys in such a hasty and foolish way. “Time will tell everything — whether it’s study or friendship!” Realizing the meaning of the gift, I promised this broken watch would serve as a constant reminder, inspiring me to be patient. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，文章主要介绍了作者继承了祖父留下的珍贵金表，作为对其努力学习及即将进入新学校的鼓励。祖父生前曾教导他要有足够的耐心，这是正确的生活态度。然而他为了在新学校的朋友面前炫耀，未经母亲同意私自拿走手表带到学校，结果在骑车赶往学校的途中，因躲避突然冲出的小狗而摔倒，导致手表不慎丢失。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ①由第一段的首句“我焦急地寻找手表，正要大哭起来，突然发现有东西闪闪发光。”可知，本段可描写作者找到破损的手表，心情非常的低落，而且受到了同学们的嘲笑。 ②由第二段的首句“愤怒、尴尬和悲伤抓住了我。”可知，本段可描写作者意识到了自己的错误，吸取了教训，破碎手表成为恒久提醒，象征着成长与自我警醒。 2. 续写线索：焦急的寻找——发现手表——破损严重——受到嘲笑——意识到错误——自我成长 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①路过：pass/go by ②尖叫：scream/shout/yell ③包裹：wrap/package 情绪类 担忧的：anxiously/worriedly/nervously 尴尬：awkwardness/embarrassment 【点睛】【高分句型1】“That’s not the right way. Patience, Peter. Patience,” a voice echoed in my ears after the boys left. (运用了after引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Realizing the meaning of the gift, I promised this broken watch would serve as a constant reminder, inspiring me to be patient. (运用了现在分词作状语以及省略that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null