专题9.语篇填空（首字母填空）（期末真题精练精析）-2023-2024学年八年级下学期英语期末考点梳理+期末真题精练精析（牛津译林版）

语篇填空（首字母填空） 一 （22-23八年级下·江苏南通·期末）On the fourth Sunday of every November, Americans gather around the dinner table to celebrate Thanksgiving Day. The special tradition in the US has been around for many years. H 1 , some people don’t always stop to think about where some traditions came from. Now the f 2 are about four popular Thanksgiving traditions and how they started. A big feast (大餐) is the major event for every Thanksgiving Day. The first Thanksgiving feast was in the autumn of 1621 when the first settlers (定居者) from 3 celebrated their first harvest. But it wasn’t made into an official holiday u 4 1863. The first feast had turkey, fruits and vegetables, which are still common today. Giving thanks is what the holiday is mainly about. Historians say the first settlers invited Native Americans to the feast to thank them for teaching them how to g 5 crops and get food so that they could live on. Every year, there is a Macy’s Thanksgiving Parade in New York City, which includes giant balloons that 6 like cartoon characters and beautiful floats (花车) that carry famous people. There are also many musical plays for people to w 7 . This parade first a 8 in 1924, and today over 44 million people can see it on TV or in NYC． American football is also something that people are the most i 9 in on Thanksgiving Day. Many people started to c 10 Thanksgiving Day by watching football games a few years after the day became an official holiday. Today, the National Football League takes advantages of this popularity and hosts three NFL games every Thanksgiving Day. 【答案】1．(H)owever 2．(f)ollowing 3．England 4．(u)ntil 5．(g)row 6．look 7．(w)atch 8．(a)ppeared 9．(i)nvolved 10．(c)elebrate 【导语】本文主要介绍了四个感恩节的传统。 1．句意：然而，有些人并不总是停下来思考一些传统是从哪里来的。此处和前句是转折关系，用however“然而”连接。故填(H)owever。 2．句意：现在我们来谈谈下面的四种流行的感恩节传统以及它们是如何开始的。根据“A big feast...”“Giving thanks is...”“Every year, there is a Macy’s Thanksgiving Parade”以及“American football is also something”可知一共谈到了四种感恩节传统，用the following“下面”。故填(f)ollowing。 3．句意：第一次感恩节盛宴是在1621年秋天，当时第一批来自英国的定居者庆祝他们的第一次收获。根据“the first settlers (定居者) from”以及常识可知，第一批定居者来自英国，England“英国”。故填England。 4．句意：但直到1863年，它才被定为官方节日。根据“it wasn’t made into an official holiday”可知是直到1863年才被认定为官方节日，not...until“直到……才”。故填(u)ntil。 5．句意：历史学家说，第一批定居者邀请美洲原住民参加宴会，感谢他们教会他们如何种植作物和获取食物，以便他们能够继续生活。根据“crops”可知是种植作物，grow“种植”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(g)row。 6．句意：每年，游行中有看起来像卡通人物的巨大气球和载着名人的漂亮花车。根据“giant balloons that...like cartoon characters”可知气球像卡通人物，look like“看起来像”，句子用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填look。 7．句意：也有许多音乐剧供人们观看。根据“musical plays”可知是看音乐剧，watch“看”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(w)atch。 8．句意：这个游行最早出现在1924年。根据“This parade first...”可知是游行第一次出现，appear“出现”，根据“in 1924”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(a)ppeared。 9．句意：美式足球也是人们在感恩节最热衷的运动。根据“American football is also something that people are the most...in”可知美式足球是人们参与度最多的运动，be involved in“参与”。故填(i)nvolved。 10．句意：在感恩节成为官方节日几年后，许多人开始通过观看足球比赛来庆祝感恩节。根据“Thanksgiving Day by watching football games”可知是庆祝感恩节，celebrate“庆祝”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(c)elebrate。 二 （22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） Late one night, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles wanted him killed. Quickly, he wrote a letter to the emperor of Lilliput, “I’m off to visit Blefuscu, as I promised.” Then he hurried down to the sea b 11 Lilliput and Blefuscu. The king of Blefuscu himself came out to meet him. “Welcome!” cried the king. “Stay as l 12 as you like.” Walking on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw a small boat—but a full-sized one. It was floating upside down in the water. Gulliver rushed to the king and begged, “Can you help me rescue the boat? This could be my c 13 to go home.” “Of course,” said the king. “Take some ships to help you.” Gulliver s 14 out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the ships. With the ships pulling and Gulliver p 15 , the boat was brought safely to shore. Gulliver and the k 16 men set about fixing the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished. “I’d like to leave now,” Gulliver told the king. “But n 17 one at home will believe my story. Could I take some of your people with me?” “I can’t possibly allow that,” said the king. “But you may take some cows and a sheep.” He a 18 gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. “I don’t want you to go,” he said. “But I understand why you have to.” “Thank you,” said Gulliver. “I’ll never forget you all.” After only a few days at sea in his boat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shouted and waved wildly. He was l 19 ! One sailor found him. The ship sailed over and picked up Gulliver. “Where have you come from?” asked the captain. “A place called Lilliput.” said Gulliver and he showed the captain the p 20 from the emperor. The captain was so surprised. For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, he agreed to take Gulliver all the way home. 【答案】11．(b)etween 12．(l)ong 13．(c)hance 14．(s)wam15．(p)ushing 16．(k)ing’s 17．(n)o 18．(a)lso 19．(l)ucky 20．(p)resents 【导语】本文节选自《格列佛游记》，讲述了格列佛坐船回家的故事。 11．句意：然后他匆匆赶到利力浦特和不来夫斯古之间的海上。根据“the sea b...Lilliput and Blefuscu”可知是指在利力浦特和不来夫斯古之间的海上。between...and...“在……之间”，故填(b)etween。 12．句意：你想待多久就待多久。根据“Welcome”和首字母可知，国王欢迎格列佛，让他想待多久就待多久。long“长的，久的”符合语境，故填(l)ong。 13．句意：这可能是我回家的机会。根据“Can you help me rescue the boat”和首字母可知格列佛认为这个船是自己回家的机会，chance“机会”，名词，此处用单数，故填(c)hance。 14．句意：格列佛游向小船，手里拿着每艘船上的绳子。根据“Gulliver s...out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the ships.”可知格列佛游向小船。swim“游泳”，是动词，根据上下文可知时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(s)wam。 15．句意：在船的拉动和格列佛的推动下，船被安全的带到岸边。根据上文“holding ropes from each of the ships.”可知格列佛推船。push“推”，动词和前面的名词是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填(p)ushing。 16．句意：格列佛和国王的手下着手修理小船，准备回家的长途旅行。根据“Gulliver and the k...men set about fixing the boat”可知此处是指国王的手下，king“国王”，后面是名词，应用名词所有格形式。故填(k)ing’s。 17．句意：但是家里没有人会相信我的话。根据“But n...one at home will believe my story.”可知此处应用no one表示“没有人”。故填(n)o。 18．句意：他还给了格列佛五十袋金币。根据上文“But you may take some cows and a sheep.”可知国王给了他几头牛和一只羊，而且还给了格列佛五十袋金币。also“也，还”符合语境，故填(a)lso。 19．句意：他很幸运！根据“After only a few days at sea in his boat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shouted and waved wildly.”可知格列佛在海上只航行了几天，就看到了一艘船，说明他很幸运。lucky“幸运的”，形容词作表语。故填(l)ucky。 20．句意：格列佛说着，把国王送的礼物拿给船长看。根据“he showed the captain the p...from the emperor.”可知是指国王给格列佛的礼物。present“礼物”，可数名词， 此处应用复数，故填(p)resents。 三 （22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）We were locked in a darkness room, Ned t 21 to escape from the submarine(潜艇). I remembered that unforgettable day. When morning came,we saw the monster behind us. After fighting a 22 it, Conseil ,Ned and I were thrown into the sea and stood on the monster(怪物). We thought it was a giant narwhal. In fact, it was a submarine. A few seconds later, eight men came out and pulled us into this room on the submarine. S 23 , two men entered. The tall man was Captain Nemo. He even knew e 24 we did with him. He asked us to promise not to escape. Finally, we reached an agreement. Captain Nemo showed me the art gallery with many paintings by famous a 25 and a museum that contained many thousands of wonderful shells, pearls and other treasures from the sea. I had never seen s 26 a good museum. “What a wonderful ship, it must have cost a fortune.” “That’s true!” he r 27 “I love it as if it were my child.” A few days later Captain Nemo invited me and my friends to go hunting with him in the forests of Crespo Island About one hundred savages followed us and tried to come into the ship. Captain Nemo didn’t worry about them. W 28 they put their hand on the rail, they all fell back and ran away. Captain Nemo had put electricity into the rail. Anybody who touched it w 29 receive an electric shock. One day, he asked me to follow him to another room. A man lay on a bed with a very bad head wound. I looked at it. “What happened?” Captain Nemo answered, “Something broke in the engine. A heavy piece of metal hit his head.” “He is going to die s 30 ,” I said. “Nothing can save him.” Tears filled Captain Nemo’s eyes and he asked me to leave. 【答案】21．(t)ried 22．(a)gainst 23．(S)uddenly 24．(e)verything 25．(a)rtists 26．(s)uch 27．(r)eplied 28．(W)hen 29．(w)ould 30．(s)oon 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了我和内德与一个“怪物”搏斗，之后被锁在一个黑暗的房间里。后来尼莫船长领着他们参观了他自己的陈列室，而且邀请他们一起去克雷斯波岛的森林中去打猎的故事。 21．句意：我们被锁在一个黑暗的房间里，内德试图从潜艇上逃跑。根据“We were locked in a darkness room”可知，内德被关在小黑屋里，所以他试图逃跑。try“试图”，且由were可知句子是一般过去时，用过去式tried。故填(t)ried。 22．句意：在与它搏斗之后，康塞尔、内德和我被扔进了海里，站在怪物身上。fight against“与……作斗争”，固定短语。故填(a)gainst。 23．句意：突然，两个人进来了。根据“two men entered”可知，突然进来两个人。suddenly“突然地”，副词修饰整个句子，且句首字母需大写。故填(S)uddenly。 24．句意：他甚至知道我们对他做的一切。根据“He even knew...we did with him.”可知，他知道我们所做的一切，everything“一切”。故填(e)verything。 25．句意：尼莫船长带我参观了一个美术馆，里面有许多著名艺术家的画作，还有一个博物馆，里面有成千上万的贝壳、珍珠和其他来自海洋的珍宝。根据“many paintings by famous...”可知，由著名艺术家所作的画，artist“艺术家”，且应用复数。故填(a)rtists。 26．句意：我从未见过这么好的博物馆。根据“I had never seen...a good museum.”可知，我从未见过如此好的博物馆，such“如此”，后加名词短语。故填(s)uch。 27．句意：他回答说：“我爱它，就好像它是我的孩子一样。”根据前文可知，尼莫和我在对话，所以是他在回复，“回复”reply，且由全文可知句子是一般过去时，用过去式replied。故填(r)eplied。 28．句意：当他们把手放在栏杆上时，他们都向后倒下逃跑了。根据下文“Captain Nemo had put electricity into the rail.”可知，尼莫船长给铁轨通了电，当手放在栏杆上，就会倒下。用when“当……时”引导时间状语从句，且句首字母需大写。故填(W)hen。 29．句意：任何触碰它的人都会受到电击。receive发生在touched之后，用过去将来时“would+动词原形”结构，故填(w)ould。 30．句意：我说：“他很快将会死去。”根据“A heavy piece of metal hit his head.”可知，一块沉重的金属砸在他的头上，所以很快就会死。soon“很快”，故填(s)oon。 四 （22-23八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整， 每空一词。 Environmental protection is important for the health of our earth. We need to r 31 how our actions influence the environment. In our daily life, plenty of waste we produce is a big problem. We can r 32 waste by choosing to buy products with l 33 packaging (包装) and to recycle items properly. S 34 rubbish into different categories, such as plastic, paper, and glass, can also be a great help. Moreover, we d 35 on natural resources for our daily needs, such as water, air, and food. It is important to save resources by using them w 36 . For example, turning off the tap w 37 brushing our teeth can save water, and turning off lights when leaving a room can save electricity. Finally, we must also think about the r 38 of our choices for the environment. Choosing to use public transportation or carpooling (共乘一辆车) instead of driving a 39 can reduce air pollution. Planting trees can also help take in CO2 and i 40 air quality. By taking these steps, we can help protect the environment and make a better future. 【答案】31．(r)ealize/(r)ealise 32．(r)educe 33．(l)ess/(l)ittle 34．(S)eparating 35．(d)epend 36．(w)isely 37．(w)hile / (w)hen 38．(r)esult/(r)esults 39．(a)lone 40．(i)mprove 【导语】本文讲述人们在日常生活中要如何明智地使用资源来节省资源、保护环境。 31．句意：我们需要认识到我们的行为是如何影响环境的。根据“Environmental protection is important for the health of our earth.”可知此处指“我们需要认识到我们的行为对环境的影响”；realize/realise“认识到”，need to do sth“需要做某事”，填动词原形。故填(r)ealize/(r)ealise。 32．句意：我们可以通过选择购买包装（较）少的产品和适当回收物品来减少浪费。根据下文“by choosing to buy products with less /little packaging and to recycle items properly.”可知此处指“通过选择购买包装（较）少的产品和适当回收物品来减少浪费”；reduce“减少”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填(r)educe。 33．句意：我们可以通过选择购买包装（较）少的产品和适当回收物品来减少浪费。下文“and to recycle items properly”；根据and表相承的关系，可知此处指“选择购买包装（较）少的产品和适当回收物品来减少浪费”；修饰不可数名词用less“较少的”/little“少的”。故填(l)ess/ (l)ittle。 34．句意：将垃圾分为不同的类别，如塑料、纸张和玻璃，也会有很大的帮助。根据下文“…such as plastic, paper, and glass,”可知此处指“将垃圾分为不同的类别”；separate“分类”，填动名词作主语。故填(S)eparating。 35．句意：此外，我们的日常需求依赖自然资源，如水、空气和食物。根据下文“…such as water, air, and food.”可知此处指“日常需求依赖水、空气和食物等自然资源”；depend on“依靠……”；句子陈述客观的事实，用一般现在时，主语we，谓语动词用原形。故填(d)epend。 36．句意：通过明智地使用资源来节省资源是很重要的。根据下文“For example, turning off the tap … and turning off lights”可知此处指“明智地使用资源来节省资源”；填副词wisely“明智地”修饰动词。故填(w)isely。 37．句意：例如，刷牙时关上水龙头可以节水，离开房间时关灯可以省电。根据下文“and turning off lights when leaving a room can save electricity.”可知刷牙时关上水龙头可以节水，when/while“当……时候”。故填(w)hile / (w)hen。 38．句意：最后，我们还必须考虑到我们为了环境所做的选择的结果。根据下文“Choosing to use public transportation or carpooling…Planting trees…”可知此处指“我们为了环境所做的选择的结果”；result(s)“结果”，可用复数形式表泛指。故填(r)esult(s)。 39．句意：选择使用公共交通工具或拼车而不是独自开车可以减少空气污染。根据“can reduce air pollution”可知此处指“不要独自开车”；alone“独自地”。故填(a)lone。 40．句意：植树还有助于吸收二氧化碳，改善空气质量。根据“Planting trees”可知此处指“植树可以改善空气质量”；improve“改善”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填(i)mprove。 五 （21-22八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 The QR code (二维码) is of great importance to our lives. But have you ever wondered who i 41 the OR code? In the 1960s, supermarkets began to appear in Japan. Cashiers (收银员) had to put the price of each product in the computer by h 42 . It was really hard work. Later, the barcode (条形码) came out and worked out the problem. Users can do their work much more e 43 , but there was a new problem—it could just hold a little i 44 . So many developers started to i 45 the barcode. Masahiro Hara was one of them. He thought, “With the barcode, information is coded (为……编码) in one direction o 46 . With 2D codes, information can be coded in two directions: across and up/down.” So Hara set out to develop a new 2D code holding a large amount of information. To make it be read as f 47 as possible, he made the code black and white, and square. In 1994, Hara’s QR code came out. The QR means quick response (反应). It was soon used by a car company and later in the food industry. It was such a s 48 that Hara could use it to get enough money, but he didn’t. He made it p 49 so that everyone could use it for free. “The more people use it, the more new ways of using it there will be. I think this is w 50 the OR code was born.” Hara said. He also hoped that it could be useful in more fields. 【答案】41．(i)nvented 42．(h)and 43．(e)asily 44．(i)nformation 45．(i)mprove 46．(o)nly 47．(f)ast 48．(s)uccess 49．(p)ublic 50．(w)hy 【导语】本文主要介绍了二维码的发明过程。 41．句意：但你有没有想过是谁发明了二维码？根据首字母提示和“But have you ever wondered who…the OR code?”可知是谁发明了二维码，invent“发明”符合题意，这件事发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填(i)nvented。 42．句意：收银员不得不手工把每种产品的价格输入电脑。根据首字母提示和“put the price of each product in the computer by…”可知，手工把产品的价格输入电脑，by hand“用手，（用）手工”，固定短语。故填(h)and。 43．句意：用户可以更容易地完成工作，但出现了一个新问题——它可能只包含一些信息。根据上文“Later, the barcode (条形码) came out and worked out the problem.”可知，用户可以更容易地完成工作，空格处修饰动词，应用副词，easily“容易地”符合题意。故填(e)asily。 44．句意：用户可以更容易地完成工作，但出现了一个新问题——它可能只包含一些信息。根据“the barcode (条形码)”可知，条形码包含一些信息，information“信息”，不可数名词，符合题意。故填(i)nformation。 45．句意：因此，许多开发人员开始改进条形码。根据下文“…So Hara set out to develop a new 2D code holding a large amount of information.”和首字母提示可知是改进条形码，improve“改善，改进”，动词，符合题意；start to do sth.“开始做某事”。故填(i)mprove。 46．句意：使用条形码，信息只能在一个方向上进行编码。根据首字母提示和“With the barcode, information is coded (为……编码) in one direction”可知信息只能在一个方向上，only“仅仅，只有”，副词，符合题意，故填(o)nly。 47．句意：为了让它尽可能快地被读取，他把代码做成了黑色、白色和方形。根据首字母提示和“To make it be read as…as possible, he made the code black and white, and square.”可知是为了让它尽可能快地被读取，空格处修饰动词read，应用副词，as+副词+as possible“尽可能地……”，fast“快速，快”，副词，符合题意。故填(f)ast。 48．句意：这是如此成功，腾弘原可以用它来获得足够的钱，但他没有。根据首字母提示和“Hara could use it to get enough money, but he didn’t.”可知是很成功，由空格前不定冠词a可知空格处用名词，success“成功”，名词，符合题意，故填(s)uccess。 49．句意：他把它公开了，这样每个人都可以免费使用。根据下文“so that everyone could use it for free”和首字母提示可知是，把二维码技术公开了，make sth. adj.“使……是什么样子的”，空格处用形容词，public“公开的”，形容词，符合题意。故填(p)ublic。 50．句意：我认为这就是二维码诞生的原因。根据上文“The more people use it, the more new ways of using it there will be.”和首字母提示可知，使用它的人越多，就会有更多新的使用方式，这是二维码诞生的原因，空格处应用why引导表语从句。故填(w)hy。 六 （21-22八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 Wonder, by United States writer R. J. Palacio, is a powerful story of transformation (改变). It tells the story of a special boy, August Pullman, who was b 51 with a serious facial difference. And up till now, it has p 52 him from going to a mainstream school. When he first started school at 10, everyone made fun of him. August wanted n 53 more than to be treated as a kid like others—but his new classmates can’t get past his strange face. Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的). H 54 , he makes true friends there and even wins an award at his graduation ceremony. August is a hero for the ages, one who proves that you can’t blend in when you were born to stand out. This book has t 55 my heart. It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one. I 56 , the story is very realistic, as it shows what could I really happen in middle school. What’s more, it’s told from different points of view (视角). Wonder begins from August’s point of view, but soon switches to (切换到) others’, i 57 his classmates’, his sister’s and so on. This o 58 readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts. I think we can all relate to August. In one way or another, we are all just like him. We each have our own d 59 , but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in. We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the c 60 back and won. Despite all the brutality (残忍) in the world, there’s always a reason to smile. 【答案】51．(b)orn 52．(p)revented 53．(n)othing 54．(H)owever 55．(t)ouched 56．(I)nstead 57．(i)ncluding 58．(o)ffers 59．(d)ifferences 60．(c)onfidence 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，读者介绍了读《奇迹男孩》有感。 51．句意：它讲述了一个特殊的男孩奥古斯特·普尔曼的故事，他生来就有严重的面部差异。根据“who was…with a serious facial difference”及首字母可知，此处是短语be born with“与生俱来”。故填(b)orn。 52．句意：到目前为止，这使他无法进入主流学校。根据“And up till now, it has…him from going to a mainstream school.”及首字母可知，August脸部的差异阻止他进入主流学校。prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。此处是现在完成时，结构是has done，故谓语动词用其过去分词。故填(p)revented。 53．句意：August只想像其他人一样被当作一个孩子对待。根据“August wanted…more than to be”及首字母可知，此处是短语want nothing more than to do sth.“一心只想做某事”。故填(n)othing。 54．句意：然而，他在那里结交了真正的朋友，甚至在毕业典礼上获奖。根据“Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的). …he makes true friends there”及首字母可知，前后文之间是转折关系，空格与后文用逗号隔开，故用however“然而”。故填(H)owever。 55．句意：这本书触动了我的心。根据“This book has…my heart.”及首字母可知，此处指书籍触动读者的心。touch“触动”，动词。本句是现在完成时，结构是has done，故谓语动词用其过去分词。故填(t)ouched。 56．句意：相反，这个故事非常现实，因为它展示了我在中学时可能真正发生的事情。根据“It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one.…, the story is very realistic”及首字母可知，前后是相反的两种情况，应用instead表“相反”。故填(I)nstead。 57．句意：Wonder从August的角度开始，但很快就转到了其他人的角度，包括他的同学、妹妹等等。根据“but soon switches to (切换到) others’,…his classmates’, his sister’s”及首字母可知，此处介绍书籍其他的叙写角度包括August的同学的、妹妹的等等。including“包括”，介词。故填(i)ncluding。 58．句意：这为读者提供了一个了解不同角色感受和想法的机会。根据“This…readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts.”及首字母可知，不同的角度提供给读者更好了解角色的机会。offer sb. sth.“提供给某人某物”。本句是一般现在时，主语是代词this，故谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(o)ffers。 59．句意：我们每个人都有自己的不同，但我们不应该试图改变自己来适应。根据“We each have our own…, but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in”及首字母可知，此处指我们每个人都有不同。difference“不同”，名词，用其复数形式表泛指。故填(d)ifferences。 60．句意：我们都经历过起伏，但就像八月一样，我们找回了信心并取得了胜利。根据“We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the…back and won”及首字母可知，此处指像August一样找回信心。confidence“信心”，名词，作宾语。故填(c)onfidence。 七 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Gulliver’s Travels tells the story of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship’s doctor. He has the most unbelievable e 61 on his travels. The story is told by Gulliver himself and every journey he makes ends w 62 his ship being broken or attacked by pirates. Each time this happens Gulliver finds h 63 in a strange land with even stranger people. Its writer, Jonathan Swift, was born into a poor family in Dublin, Ireland. His mother couldn’t afford to raise her children, s 64 she left her children in the care of relatives. His life experiences made a great difference to his w 65 . In his works, he had pity on the poor and hated the rich and powerful. The book was a s 66 when first published and is still popular today because both young readers and adults e 67 it. This is because it can be enjoyed as a young reader’s fantasy story about travel and adventure and also as a political satire （讽刺）for adults. In fact, Gulliver’ Travels is a travel book and Gulliver is a great adventurer. He always wants to leave h 68 and travel on the seas another time. All these make the book a classic. So people are never t 69 while reading. At the end of the story Gulliver finally ends his travels but he is strongly c 70 by them. He learns that there are many different ideas of what makes a civilized（文明的）society and that we must not feel superior（优越的） to others because they are different. —Taken from Gulliver’s Travels 【答案】61．(e)xperiences 62．(w)ith 63．(h)imself 64．(s)o 65．(w)orks/(w)riting/(w)ritings 66．(s)uccess/(s)urprise 67．(e)njoy 68．(h)ome 69．(t)ired 70．(c)hanged 【导语】本文介绍一本故事书——《格列佛游记》。 61．句意：他在旅行中有最令人难以置信的经历。根据“Gulliver’s Travels tells the story of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship’s doctor.”及首字母提示可知，此处讲的是“他的经历”，experience“经历”，是名词，此处表示泛指，名词用复数形式，故填(e)xperiences。 62．句意：他每一次旅行都以他的船被海盗破坏或袭击而告终。根据“ends...his ship being broken or attacked by pirates”及首字母提示可知，此处是end with“以……结束”，故填(w)ith。 63．句意：每次发生这种情况，格列佛都会发现自己身处一片陌生的土地，身边有更多的陌生人。根据“Each time this happens Gulliver finds ...in a strange land with even stranger people.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“发现自己身处一片陌生的土地”，应用反身代词，故填(h)imself。 64．句意：他的母亲负担不起抚养孩子的费用，所以她把孩子留给亲戚照顾。空格前后是因果关系，后句表示结果，应用so连接，故填(s)o。 65．句意：他的生活经历对他的作品/写作产生了巨大的影响。根据“His life experiences made a great difference to his...”及首字母提示可知，生活经历对他的作品/写作产生了影响，work“作品”，writing“写作”，都是名词，此处用单数或复数形式均可，表示一部作品或泛指多部，故填(w)orks/(w)riting(s)。 66．句意：这本书首次出版时是一个成功/惊喜，今天仍然很受欢迎，因为年轻读者和成年人都喜欢它。根据“when first published and is still popular today because both young readers and adults”及首字母提示可知，这本书一出版就很成功，就很让人吃惊，此处应用单数名词，故填(s)uccess/(s)urprise。 67．句意：因为年轻读者和成年人都喜欢它。“is still popular today”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是enjoy“喜欢”，主语是复数名词，动词用原形，故填(e)njoy。 68．句意：他总想改天离开家到海上去旅行。根据“travel on the seas”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“离开家”，home“家”，故填(h)ome。 69．句意：。所以人们在阅读时从不感到疲倦。根据“All these make the book a classic.”及首字母提示可知，因为是经典，所以阅读时从不厌倦，tired“疲倦的”，故填(t)ired。 70．句意：在故事的最后，格列佛终于结束了他的旅行，但他被他们强烈地改变了。根据“He learns that there are many different ideas of what makes a civilized（文明的）society and that we must not feel superior（优越的） to others because they are different.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是change“改变”，此处是被动结构，动词用过去分词形式，故填(c)hanged。 八 （21-22八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 With nothing but her small boat for company (作伴), a British lawyer (律师), Victoria Evans, fought a 71 high winds and big waves at sea. She s 72 rowed across the Atlantic Ocean (大西洋) alone. Her adventure (冒险) has set a new world record! Victoria had never rowed before she took on this challenge (挑战). Three years ago, she had the idea to encourage (鼓励) more females to become a 73 in sports. After that, she started to practise rowing more than ten hours a day. She then continued to p 74 for sailing on the ocean. The 35-year-old started her race from a Spanish island on February 11. D 75 the trip, high winds made rowing very difficult. At one point, a wave locked the cabin (door from the inside). It took Victoria three hours to open the lock with a knife. Still, she got over all these difficulties. This b 76 woman completed more than 4,700 kilometers of rowing in 40 days and 19 hours. Victoria’s adventure r 77 24,000 pounds for a charity called Women in Sport. This charity works to give every female the c 78 to take part in sports. “Actions speak l 79 than words,” the lawyer said in a later i 80 , “I wants use this experience to show people one thing: You are able to do anything you set your mind to!” 【答案】71．(a)gainst 72．(s)uccessfully 73．(a)ctive 74．(p)repare 75．(D)uring 76．(b)rave 77．(r)aised 78．(c)hance 79．(l)ouder 80．(i)nterview 【导语】本文讲述了英国律师维多利亚·埃文斯独立穿越大西洋，创造了新的世界纪录，通过她的经历主要是鼓励更多的女性参与运动，同时也从她的经历中得出一个道理：只要你下定决心，你就能做任何事！ 71．句意：英国律师维多利亚·埃文斯只带着她的小船，在海上与狂风大浪搏斗。根据“high winds and big waves at sea”及首字母提示可知，此处表示小船与大风大浪搏斗，是fight against“与……作斗争”，故填(a)gainst。 72．句意：她独自一人成功地划过大西洋。根据“rowed across the Atlantic Ocean alone. Her adventure has set a new world record!”及首字母提示可知，她成功地穿过了大西洋，修饰动词用副词，故填(s)uccessfully。 73．句意：三年前，她有了鼓励更多女性积极参与体育运动的想法。根据“had the idea to encourage more females to become...in sports”及首字母提示可知，是鼓励女性积极参与运动，active“积极的”，是形容词，故填(a)ctive。 74．句意：然后她继续准备在海上航行。根据“for sailing on the ocean.”及首字母提示可知，她继续做准备，此处是prepare for“为……准备”，故填(p)repare。 75．句意：在旅途中，大风使划船变得非常困难。根据“the trip, high winds made rowing very difficult”及首字母提示可知，此处说的是在旅行期间，during“在……期间”符合，故填(D)uring。 76．句意：这位勇敢的女子在40天19小时内完成了4700多公里的划船。根据“rowed across the Atlantic Ocean alone. Her adventure has set a new world record!”及首字母提示可知，这位女子是勇敢的，故填(b)rave。 77．句意：维多利亚的冒险为一个名为“运动中的女性”的慈善机构筹集了24000英镑。根据“24,000 pounds for a charity called Women in Sport. This charity...”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“筹钱”，raise money“筹钱”，描述的动作已完成，应用一般过去时，故填(r)aised。 78．句意：这个慈善机构致力于让每一位女性都有机会参加体育活动。根据“give every female the...to take part in sports.”及首字母提示可知，慈善机构给了每一位女性运动的机会，故填(c)hance。 79．句意：事实胜于雄辩。根据“Actions speak...than words”及首字母提示可知，此处是习语“Actions speak louder than words”，表示“事实胜于雄辩”，故填(l)ouder。 80．句意：这位律师在随后的采访中说。根据“I wants use this experience to show people one thing: You are able to do anything you set your mind to!”及首字母提示可知，这是这位女性在采访中的话，此处指的是“采访”，故填(i)nterview。 九 （21-22八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词。 Taking public transport, making payments online or just walking around—these daily activities can help turn China’s deserts into forests if you are using Ant Forest. Ant Forest is a feature in the Alipay mobile payment app. It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a bus to work i 81 of driving, for example—and gives users “green energy”. When a user’s green energy gets high e 82 , Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person. Ant Forest r 83 the 2019 Champions of the Earth award（地球卫士奖）, the UN’s highest environmental honor, for encouraging people to live greener lifestyles and protect the environment. S 84 its launch（发起）in August 2016, Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million trees in China’s driest areas, which include regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Shanxi, reported Xinhua News Agency. The trees c 85 an area of 112,000 hectares（公顷）. The project has become China’s largest private-sector tree-planting initiative（倡议）. This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth g 86 . In 1978, China began a national-level forestation（造林）project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also known as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has improved living conditions and d 87 local business, according to China Daily. It’s reported the forest coverage rate（覆盖率）among the regions of the project r 88 13.57 percent in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago. In light of China’s success against desertification（沙漠化）, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) believes the country is a good e 89 for others to follow. “China is one of the most s 90 countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.” former UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim told Xinhua. 【答案】81．(i)nstead 82．(e)nough 83．(r)eceived 84．(S)ince 85．(c)over 86．(g)reen 87．(d)eveloped 88．(r)aised 89．(e)xample 90．(s)uccessful 【导语】本文主要介绍了支付宝中蚂蚁森林，介绍蚂蚁森林如何运行以及带来的影响等，它通过记录人们低碳行为获得的绿色能量，在干旱地区种植真实的树，以此鼓励人们用以绿色的生活方式保护环境。 81．句意：例如，乘坐公共汽车而不是开车上班。根据“It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a bus to work ...of driving”可知，蚂蚁森林提倡低碳活动，所以是乘坐公交而不是开车，instead of“而不是”，故填(i)nstead。 82．句意：当用户的绿色能量足够高时，蚂蚁森林及其合作伙伴将为该用户种植一棵真正的树。根据“When a user’s green energy gets high ..., Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.”可知，攒取足够高的绿色能量，就会种一颗真树，enough“足够”，修饰high，故填(e)nough。 83．句意：蚂蚁森林因鼓励人们过更绿色的生活方式，保护环境，获得了联合国最高环保荣誉——2019年地球冠军奖。根据“Ant Forest ...the 2019 Champions of the Earth award”可知，获得奖项，receive“获得”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)eceived。 84．句意：据新华社报道，自2016年8月成立以来，蚂蚁森林及其合作伙伴已经在中国最干旱地区种植了约1.22亿棵树，包括内蒙古、甘肃、青海和山西等地区。根据“Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million trees in China’s driest areas”可知，“since+过去时间点”常与现在完成时连用，since“自从”，句首需大写首字母，故填(S)ince。 85．句意：树木覆盖面积为11.2万公顷。根据“The trees....an area of 112,000 hectares.”及首字母可知，此处指“覆盖面积”，cover“覆盖”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，d故填(c)over。 86．句意：这只是中国绿化地球努力的一部分。根据“This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth ....”及首字母可知，是中国绿化地球，green“绿色的”，作宾语补足语，故填(g)reen。 87．句意：据《中国日报》报道，该项目改善了当地的生活条件，发展了当地的商业。根据“.....local business”及首字母可知，是发展当地商业，develope“发展”，时态是现在完成时，空处用过去分词。故填(d)eveloped。 88．句意：据报道，2017年，该项目区域的森林覆盖率提高了13.57%，而40年前为5.05%。根据“It’s reported the forest coverage rate among the regions of the project r...13.57 percent in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.”可知，森林覆盖率提高了，raise“提高”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)aised。 89．句意：鉴于中国在防治荒漠化方面取得的成功，联合国环境规划署认为中国是其他国家学习的好榜样。根据“the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) believes the country is a good ....for others to follow.”可知，中国是其他国家学习的好榜样，example“榜样，例子”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(e)xample。 90．句意：中国是沙漠绿化最成功的国家之一，有经验可以与世界分享。根据“China is one of the most s...countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.”可知，中国早沙漠绿化这一方面是成功的，successful“成功的”，与空前the most形成最高级，在句中作定语修饰countries，故填(s)uccessful。 十 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a s 91 town but it’s near a very big river called the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft. Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e 92 . Judge Thatcher put it in the bank. I didn’t have a f 93 or a home. My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a 94 . I lived on the streets and in the woods. Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and my life c 95 . She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b 96 learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I didn’t m 97 going. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h 98 things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt f 99 there and I was happy. I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars. The months passed and w 100 came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap! 【答案】91．(s)mall 92．(e)ach 93．(f)amily 94．(a)ge 95．(c)hanged 96．(b)ecause 97．(m)ind 98．(h)ardest 99．(f)ree 100．(w)inter 【导语】本文介绍了作者没有亲人没有家，被一个老妇人收养，虽然过上了好日子，但是怀念以前在树林里自由自在的生活。几个月过去了，冬天来了，作者在窗外雪地上发现了脚印，他猜是他的爸爸回来了。 91．句意：它是个小镇但是它在一个非常大的叫密西西比河的附近。but表示转折关系，可推断此空与big相对应，形容词作定语修饰town。small表示“小的”。故填(s)mall。 92．句意：我们每个人得到6000美元。根据“Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich”可知我和Tom sawyer两个人发现12000美元，因此每人6000美元。each表示“每个”。故填(e)ach。 93．句意：我没有家人或家。根据“My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared”可知我没有家人。a后接可数名词单数。family表示“家人；家庭”。故填(f)amily。 94．句意：我不像我同龄的其他男孩一样去上学。根据“the other boys of my…”及首字母可知，此处指其他的同龄男孩，age“年龄”符合。故填(a)ge。 95．句意：一个善良的老妇人Douglas请我去跟她一起住，我的人生发生了改变。此空是谓语动词，并且时态为一般过去时。根据“She gave me bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day”及后文说她给我买衣服送我上学，可知我的人生发生了改变。change表示“改变”，此处用过去式changed。故填(c)hanged。 96．句意：起初我不喜欢去那因为学习非常难。此空是连词连接两个句子，前后句表示因果关系，故填(b)ecause。 97．句意：当我会读会写了一些，我并不介意去做。此空缺少谓语动词，but表示转折，与上一句“我不喜欢”对应，mind表示“介意”，此处表示“我不介意去做”，助动词didn’t后接动词原形，故填(m)ind。 98．句意：对我来说，在餐桌前吃饭、在软软的床上睡觉是最难的事情。此空是形容词作定语修饰名词things，根据the可知此处是形容词最高级形式。根据“I missed my old life”可知现在这种生活我觉得很难。hard表示“困难的”。故填(h)ardest。 99．句意：我在那感觉很自由，我很快乐。feel为系动词，与形容词构成系表结构。根据“I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars”及首字母可知，在那的日子很自由，free表示“自由的”。故填(f)ree。 100．句意：几个月过去了，冬天来了。根据“One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the window’s house”可知“冬天”来了。winter表示“冬天”。故填(w)inter。 十一 （21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）短文填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示, 补全空格内单词, 使短文完整、通顺。（请在答题卡上写出完整单词） Of the three major drinks of the world-tea, coffee and cocoa, tea is drunk by the largest number of people. China is the homeland of tea. It is believed that China had tea as e 101 as five to six thousand years ago, and the history of tea planting dates back to two thousand Years. The h 102 of tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not introduced to Europe and America until the 17th and 18th centuries. Now the number of tea drinkers in the world is very large and it’s still g 103 . Tea has been a necessary part of people's d 104 lives in China for a long time. Countless numbers of people like to have a cup of tea after a meal. In summer, tea seems to drive away the h 105 and bring on a cool feeling together with a feeling of relaxation. In medicine, the tea leaf is very important to people who live mainly o 106 meat. A popular saying says, "I'd rather go without salt for three days than without tea for a single day. " Tea is also rich in various vitamins and, for smokers, it helps to remove nicotine from the body. After drinking wine, strong tea may prove to be a good way to k 107 one's mind clear. However, too much strong tea is bad for the s 108 and can cause indigestion（消化不良）. Drinking strong tea just before bedtime will make it hard for people to fall a 109 . Often drinking very strong tea may give some people heart and blood pressure disorders （混乱）, and make the teeth of young people turn brown. But it is not d 110 to prevent these undesirable（不受欢迎的）effects: just don't make your tea too strong. 【答案】101．early 102．habit 103．growing 104．daily 105．heat 106．on 107．keep 108．stomach 109．asleep 110．difficult 【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲述了茶、咖啡和可乐是世界三大饮料，其中茶的消费者最多，本文介绍与茶有关的事情以及饮茶对健康的好处等。 101．句意：人们认为中国早在五六千年前就有茶。 根据所在位置可知，应该填的是形容词，由后文“as five to six thousand years ago”可知，应该填的是早的，as early as 意为“早在”，故填early。 102．句意：喝茶的习惯传到了6世纪的日本。 根据所在位置可知，应该填的是名词，由后面的句子“of tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century”可知，应该是习惯，habit意为“习惯”，故填habit。 103．句意：现在世界上喝茶的人很多，而且还在增长。 根据所在位置可知，应该填的是动词的现在分词形式，由前文“Now the number of tea drinkers in the world is very large and it’s still”可知，应该填的是增长，grow意为“增长”现在分词是growing，故填growing。 104．句意：在中国，茶一直是人们日常生活中必不可少的一部分。 根据所在位置可知，应该填的是形容词作定语，由后文“lives in China for a long time”可知，应该是日常生活，daily意为“日常的”，故填daily。 105．句意：夏天，茶似乎可以驱走炎热，带来凉爽的感觉和放松的感觉。 根据所在位置可知，应该填的是名词，由后文“bring on a cool feeling together with a feeling of relaxation”可知，应该填的是驱走炎热，heat意为“炎热”，故填heat。 106．句意：在医学上，茶叶对以肉为主食的人非常重要。 根据所在位置可知，应该填的是介词，由固定搭配live on意为“以……为食”以及后文“meat”可知，应该填on，故填on。 107．句意：喝完酒，浓茶可能是保持头脑清醒的好方法。 根据所在位置可知，应该填的是动词原形，由固定搭配keep one’s mind clear意为“保持头脑清醒”可知，应该填的是keep，故填keep。 108．句意：不过，喝太多浓茶对胃不好。 根据所在位置可知，应该填的是名词，由前文“too much strong tea is bad for the”可知，应该填的是胃，stomach意为“胃”，故填stomach。 109．句意：睡前喝浓茶会使人难以入睡。 根据固定搭配fall asleep意为“入睡”以及前文“Drinking strong tea just before bedtime will make it hard for people to fall”可知，应该填asleep，故填asleep。 110．句意：但不难防止这些不良影响。 根据所在位置，应该填形容词作表语，由后文“just don't make your tea too strong”可知，应该是不难，difficult意为“困难的”，故填difficult。 十二 （21-22八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）A country cannot live without young people, and young people cannot live without awakening.                                                                     —Li Dazhao     This year, the Communist Youth League of China, or CYLC(中国共青团) is turning 100 y 111 old.     In 1922, the Youth League h 112 its first National Congress（全国代表大会）in Guangzhou, which marked its birth. 25 members attended the meeting, representing 5,000 others f 113 all over the country.      As a p 114 of China’s youth movement, the CYLC has more than 73.7 million members nationwide aged 14 to 28, and about 43.8 million of i 115 members are students. Young people are the future and h 116 of a country and the CYLC always unites(团结), organizes and serves young people, encouraging them to w 117 for China’s development.      Liu Lijia, a senior undergraduate student at Beijing Normal University, said t 118   as a Youth League member, she thanks the Youth League for helping her development. She will become a volunteer teacher in China’s w 119 areas and devote h 120 to bridging the educational gap between different areas. 【答案】111．(y)ears 112．(h)eld 113．(f)rom 114．(p)ioneer 115．(i)ts 116．(h)ope 117．(w)ork 118．(t)hat 119．(w)estern 120．(h)erself 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国共青团的历史、规模及其理念。 111．句意：今年是中国共青团的100岁生日。根据“100...old”可知是指100岁，years符合语境，故填(y)ears。 112．句意：1922年，共青团在广州召开了第一次全国代表大会，标志着共青团的诞生。根据“its first National Congress（全国代表大会）in Guangzhou,”可知会议是被召开的，hold“举行”，动词，时态是一般过去时，故填(h)eld。 113．句意：25名成员参加了会议，代表了来自全国各地的5000人。根据“representing 5,000 others...all over the country.”可知此处应填一个介词，结合首字母，from“来自”符合，故填(f)rom。 114．句意：作为中国青年运动的先行者，共青团在全国有7370多万名14岁至28岁的会员，其中约4380万名是学生。根据“ As a p...of China’s youth movement,”结合首字母可知，此处是指共青团是中国青年运动的先行者，pioneer“先驱者”，可数名词，被a修饰，用单数，故填(p)ioneer。 115．句意：作为中国青年运动的先行者，共青团在全国有7370多万名14岁至28岁的会员，其中约4380万名是学生。此处需用一个代词，指代共青团的，its“它的”符合语境，故填(i)ts。 116．句意：青年是国家的未来和希望。根据“Young people are the future and...of a country”结合单词首字母可知，此处是指青年是国家的未来和希望，hope“希望”符合语境，故填(h)ope。 117．句意：共青团始终团结、组织、服务青年，鼓励青年为国家的发展而努力。根据“ encouraging them to...for China’s development.”可知是指为国家发展而努力工作，work“工作”，动词，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形，故填(w)ork。 118．句意：北京师范大学大四学生刘丽佳表示，作为一名共青团员，她感谢共青团对自己发展的帮助。分析空处前后可知，这是一个宾语从句，结合首字母可知that符合，引导宾语从句，无实际意义，故填(t)hat。 119．句意：她将成为中国西部地区的支教教师，致力于弥合不同地区之间的教育差距。根据“a volunteer teacher in China’s w...areas”结合首字母可知是指西部地区，western“西部的”，形容词作定语，故填(w)estern。 120．句意：她将成为中国西部地区的支教教师，致力于弥合不同地区之间的教育差距。固定短语devote oneself“致力于”，结合首字母h可知应填herself“她自己”。故填(h)erself。 十三 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 After my parents’ divorce（离婚）, I moved with my father to a small town when I was 12 years old. I already knew that my teen years would be a h 121 time of my life. I was a total outsider（旁观者）and a stranger at a new school. I felt really l 122 in my small town. But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a love of h 123 others. This made me feel like my life had a greater purpose. The more positive（积极的）energy I s 124 , the more kindness I received. I realized that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people, especially teenagers, and help them feel l 125 lonely. Then books entered my life with its special warmth. Thanks to the w 126 who wrote those books, the kindness from their books saved my life. Later, one of my biggest d 127 was to become a writer so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me. Luckily, I have been a full-time writer of teen novels since 2007. I am thankful for this great c 128 to reach out to my young readers every day. Small kind acts can change someone’s life. You n 129 know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily k 130 , you can become an architect（缔造者）of positive change. 【答案】121．(h)ard 122．(l)onely 123．(h)elping 124．(s)hared 125．(l)ess 126．(w)riters 127．(d)reams 128．(c)hance 129．(n)ever 130．(k)indness 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者父母离婚之后，作者感到很孤独，但是作者从志愿者活动以及读书中找到了人生目标，并意识到一些小善举可以改变一个人的生活。 121．句意：我已经知道，我的青少年时期将是我一生中的艰难时刻。根据“After my parents’ divorce...”以及首字母可知作者的父母离婚了，所以作者觉得青少年时期是很艰难的，修饰名词time用形容词hard“艰难的”。故填(h)ard。 122．句意：在我的小镇上，我感到非常孤独。根据“I was a total outsider（旁观者）and a stranger at a new school”以及首字母可知作者在学校是一个陌生人，所以作者感到很孤独，作表语用形容词lonely“孤独的”。故填(l)onely。 123．句意：我把我的问题变成了对帮助他人的热爱。根据“But by starting to do volunteer work”以及首字母可知作者做志愿者去帮助别人，help“帮助”，介词of后加动名词。故填(h)elping。 124．句意：我分享的正能量越多，我得到的善意就越多。根据“The more positive（积极的）energy I”以及首字母可知作者做志愿者，去分享自己的积极能力，share“分享”，描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(s)hared。 125．句意：我意识到我的人生目标是接触人们，尤其是青少年，帮助他们减少孤独感。根据“and help them feel...lonely”以及首字母可知是帮助让他们不那么孤独，less lonely“不那么孤独”。故填(l)ess。 126．句意：感谢写这些书的作家，他们书中的善意拯救了我的生命。根据“who wrote those books”以及首字母可知是写这些书的作家，writer“作家”，此处用名词复数。故填(w)riters。 127．句意：后来，我最大的梦想之一是成为一名作家，这样我就可以写出能帮助其他青少年的书，就像那些书对我的帮助一样。根据“was to become a writer so I could write books”以及首字母可知成为一名作家是作者的其中一个梦想，dream“梦想”，one of后加名词复数。故填(d)reams。 128．句意：我很感激有这个每天接触我的年轻读者的好机会。根据“reach out to my young readers every day”以及首字母可知作者成为了一名作家，所以有机会接触年轻的读者，chance“机会”，this后加名词单数。故填(c)hance。 129．句意：你永远不知道别人正在经历什么。根据“know what someone else is going through”以及首字母可知是永远不知道别人的经历，never“从不”。故填(n)ever。 130．句意：但是通过每天练习善良，你可以成为积极改变的缔造者。根据“Small kind acts can change someone’s life”以及首字母可知一些小善举可以带来积极改变，形容词daily后加名词kindness“善良”。故填(k)indness。 十四 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词) The famous R 131 writer Lev Tolstory ( 托尔斯泰) once said, “ Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself.” He was right. We always plan to do or dream of doing something great so that we can change the world. For example, we hate pollution, so we try to find new energy r 132 to keep the environment clean. H 133 , we still litter on the ground in our lives. Also, we are not satisfied with the traffic, so we plan to build more highways to stop it. But in fact, the main reason for it is that many people don’t f 134 the traffic rules. Now, lots of students always think their homework is very difficult and they find it hard to pass exams. In their e 135 , the problems on papers are too difficult. But actually, the real r 136 is that they don’t study hard. They never think about changing their attitudes t 137 study or working hard on their lessons. In my opinion, before we decide to change the world, we should change o 138 first. As common people, it is not easy for us to change the world, but we can e 139 give up our bad habits, such as littering, breaking traffic rules and always c 140 about how difficult the exam is. If we can do that, we’ll be strong enough to change the world some day and make it! 【答案】131．(R)ussian 132．(r)esources 133．(H)owever 134．(f)ollow 135．(e)yes 136．(r)eason 137．(t)oward/(t)owards/(t)o 138．(o)urselves 139．(e)asily 140．(c)omplaining 【导语】本文主要向我们讲述了在我们决定改变世界之前，我们应该先改变自己。 131．句意：俄罗斯著名作家列夫·托尔斯泰曾经说过：“每个人都想改变世界，但没有人想过改变自己。”根据常识可知列夫·托尔斯泰是俄罗斯作家，Russian“俄罗斯的”，故填(R)ussian。 132．句意：例如，我们讨厌污染，所以我们试图寻找新能源来保持环境清洁。根据“so we try to find new energy...to keep the environment clean”结合单词首字母可知，此处指的是新能源，resource“资源，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(r)esources。 133．句意：然而，在我们的生活中，我们仍然在地上乱扔垃圾。根据“ so we try to find new energy r...to keep the environment clean...we still litter on the ground in our lives.”可知前后句是转折关系，however符合语境，故填(H)owever。 134．句意：但事实上，主要原因是许多人不遵守交通规则。根据“ Also, we are not satisfied with the traffic”可知我们对交通状况不满意主要是因为许多人不遵守交通规则。follow the traffic rules“遵守交通规则”，空前有助动词，动词用原形，故填(f)ollow。 135．句意：在他们看来，试卷上的问题太难了。固定短语in one’ eyes“在某人看来”，故填(e)yes。 136．句意：但实际上，真正的原因是他们不努力学习。根据“Now, lots of students always think their homework is very difficult and they find it hard to pass exams”可知很多学生总是认为他们的家庭作业很难，他们发现很难通过考试的真正的原因是他们不努力学习，reason“原因”，可数名词，此处应用复数，故填(r)eason。 137．句意：们从来没有想过改变他们对学习的态度或努力学习功课。根据“ changing their attitudes t...study”可知此处指的是对学习的态度，结合首字母可知，此处应用toward(s)/to“对，朝向”，故填(t)oward/(t)owards/(t)o。 138．句意：在我看来，在我们决定改变世界之前，我们应该先改变自己。根据上文托尔斯泰说的话“Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself”以及此处的单词首字母可知，改变世界之前，我们应该先改变自己，ourselves“我们自己”，故填(o)urselves。 139．句意：作为普通人，我们不容易改变世界，但我们可以很容易地放弃我们的坏习惯，如乱扔垃圾，违反交通规则，总是抱怨考试是多么困难。根据“ it is not easy for us to change the world, but we can...give up our bad habits, such as littering, breaking traffic rules”结合单词首字母可知，乱扔垃圾，违反交通规则这些坏习惯很容易改变，easily“容易地”，副词修饰动词，符合语境，故填(e)asily。 140．句意：作为普通人，我们不容易改变世界，但我们可以很容易地放弃我们的坏习惯，如乱扔垃圾，违反交通规则，总是抱怨考试是多么困难。根据“always...about how difficult the exam is”结合单词首字母可知，此处指的是抱怨，complain“抱怨”，动词，此处应用动名词形式作as的宾语，故填(c)omplaining。 十五 （21-22八年级下·江苏南通·期末）阅读短文，根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的单词，使短文通顺。 A Special Team at the Winter Paralympics (残奥会) A special team was doing some voluntary work at the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympics Games. In fact, these little v 141 are 68 lovely guide dogs. All of them were strictly c 142 from a training center in Dalian, Liaoning Province. Months of special training had taught them how to do with complex (复杂的) situations in cold environments. At the Paralympics, e 143 of the guide dogs wears a QR code (二维码). By scanning the codes, people can e 144 learn a lot of detailed information about the dogs, i 145 their blooding, age, training history and service conditions. China s 146 up the first guide dog training center in 2006. Two years l 147 , a guide dog named Lucky made its appearance at the Beijing Paralympics. With its h 148 , Ping Yali, the first Chinese who got a Paralympic gold medal, completed the torch relay (火炬传递). Our modern technology will c 149 to develop. But the special warmth and loyalty of guide dogs are always needed. During the Games, the guide dogs greatly helped the b 150 athletes to fully enjoy the sports competition. 【答案】141．(v)olunteers 142．(c)hosen 143．(e)ach 144．(e)asily 145．(i)ncluding 146．(s)et 147．(l)ater 148．(h)elp 149．(c)ontinue 150．(b)lind 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2022年北京冬残奥会上一支由导盲犬构成的特殊的志愿者队伍。 141．句意：事实上，这些小志愿者是68只可爱的导盲犬。根据上文的“A special volunteer team”可知，这是来自一支特殊志愿者队伍的志愿者们，且空格前的these后接名词复数，首字母为v，因此此空应是名词复数volunteers。故填(v)olunteers。 142．句意：它们都是从辽宁省大连市的一个训练中心里精挑细选出来的。根据空格后的“from a training center”可知，这些志愿者狗狗是从训练中心里被严格挑选出来的，因此句子应用被动语态，其结构为：be+过去分词。首字母为c，choose“挑选”，动词，过去分词为chosen。故填(c)hosen。 143．句意：在残奥会期间，每只导盲犬都戴着二维码。由谓语动词wears可知句子的主语应是第三人称单数；根据“of the guide dogs”可知，介词of前应有表示单数的代词，首字母为e，因此代词each表示“每一”符合题意。故填(e)ach。 144．句意：通过扫描二维码，人们可以很容易了解到关于狗狗的大量信息，包括它们的血统、年龄、训练历史和服务状况。由空格前的“can”和空格后的“learn”可知空格处应填入一副词，修饰动词learn。根据上文“By scanning the codes”可知要了解狗狗们的信息只需要扫描二维码，这是非常容易的一件事情，说明可以“很容易地”获取到这些信息。首字母为e，因此这个副词应是easily。故填(e)asily。 145．句意：通过扫描二维码，人们可以很容易了解到关于狗狗的大量信息，包括它们的血统、年龄、训练历史和服务状况。根据空格后的“their blooding, age, training history and service conditions”可知这些都是可了解到的信息，是包括在内的，including“包括在内”符合题意。故填(i)ncluding。 146．句意：中国在2006年就建立了第一家导盲犬训练中心。空格处应填入一谓语动词；由“in 2006”可知句子应用过去时；首字母为s，动词短语set up表示建立，此处set为动词过去式，符合题意。故填(s)et。 147．句意：两年后，一只名为“幸运”的导盲犬在北京残奥会上亮相。由“two years...”可知，此处为句子的时间状语，前文说2006年建立第一家导盲犬中心，2008年的北京残奥会应是其两年后，首字母l，later“后来”符合题意。故填(l)ater。 148．句意：在它的帮助下，获得中国第一枚残奥会金牌的运动员平亚丽，完成了火炬传递。with one’s help意为“在某人的帮助下”，符合题意。故填(h)elp。 149．句意：我们的现代科技将会继续发展。will后接动词原形，首字母为c，动词短语continue to do表示“继续做某事”，符合题意。故填(c)ontinue。 150．句意：在残奥会期间，导盲犬们极大地帮助了那些盲人运动员们尽情地享受这场体育盛宴。由“the guide dogs”可知，导盲犬帮助的是那些有视力障碍的运动员选手们。首字母为b，blind“失明的，盲的”，形容词，符合题意。故填(b)lind。 十六 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末） With the increasing population and cars, many countries w 151 their fuel or petrol (汽油) will run out soon, so fuel price has risen up to n 152 10 yuan per litre (升). As a result, the cost of running a petrol-based car becomes higher and higher.     Have you ever thought of b 153 an electric (电) car? Now it’s clear that we all need to act on our empty wallet as well as s 154 climate (气候) change, however, will people really be ready to make changes in their lives? Can we really make our e 155 greener than it is now? If you want to buy an electric car,which would you like? That is a question. It all d 156 on your personal taste. On May 28, 2022, so many Electronic smart cars made by Chinese auto companies s 157 at Greater Bay Area Auto Show in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, which caught lots of young people’s eyes. However, Electric cars aren’t perfect just yet. It may t 158 eight hours or more to charge (充电) a car for only 300 km of driving. Many people think it a waste of time. Price is a problem, too. Electric cars cost much. The good news is that electric-car technology (技术) is getting better. As it does, the prices of this kind of cars are going down. In order to charge the car more easily, our Chinese government is trying to build more charging stations around the country. And it will be a good c 159 to work out the problem of charging on a long-distance trip. Because of better batteries (电池), last month (in May, 2022), 51.2% of all new car registrations (登记) were electric cars. Among them, Chinese auto companies made a great contribution (贡献). So the change is starting to happen. It is safe to say that Chinese auto industry is overtaking in the corner. Now car-makers are looking for other ways to make the car cheaper. Then more people will use electric cars and we will have a clean and green world in the near f 160 . Maybe, you can give them an opportunity, especially those made in China. 【答案】151．(w)orry 152．(n)early 153．(b)uying 154．(s)erious 155．(e)nvironment/(e)arth 156．(d)epends 157．(s)hone 158．(t)ake 159．(c)hance 160．(f)uture 【导语】本文主要讲述了电动汽车的使用会成为一种趋势以及其优势。 151．句意：随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心它们的燃料或汽油很快就会用完，因此燃料价格已经上涨到每升近10元。根据“many countries...their fuel or petrol (汽油) will run out soon,”和首字母可知，此处是指担心燃料或汽油用完。worry“担心”，动词；再根据“the cost of running a petrol-based car becomes”可知，本句描述一个客观事实，需用一般现在时。主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(w)orry。 152．句意：随着人口和汽车的增加，许多国家担心它们的燃料或汽油很快就会用完，因此燃料价格已经上涨到每升近10元。根据“fuel price has risen up to...10 yuan per litre”和首字母可知，此处是指燃油价格已涨到每升近10元。nearly“几乎”，副词。故填(n)early。 153．句意：你有没有想过买一辆电动汽车？根据“If you want to buy an electric car”可知，此处是指买一辆电动汽车。buy“买”，动词；又因空前有介词“of”，其后跟动名词形式。故填(b)uying。 154．句意：现在很明显，我们都需要对我们的空钱包以及严重的气候变化采取行动。根据“make our...greener than it is now?”和首字母可知，此处是指此处是指严重的气候变化。serious“严重的”，形容词作定语。故填(s)erious。 155．句意：我们真的可以让我们的环境/地球比现在更环保吗？根据“Can we really make our...greener than it is now?”和常识可知，燃油汽车对环境/地球不环保。所以此处是指使用电动汽车可以让环境/地球比现在更环保吗。environment“环境”/earth“地球”，名词。故填(e)nvironment/(e)arth。 156．句意：这完全取决于您的个人品味。固定短语depend on“取决于”；本句是一般现在时，且主语“It”是单数，动词用三单形式。故填(d)epends。 157．句意：2022年5月28日，众多中国车企打造的智能电动汽车在广东深圳大湾区车展上大放异彩，吸引了众多年轻人的目光。根据“so many Electronic smart cars made by Chinese auto companies...at Greater Bay Area Auto Show in Shenzhen”和首字母可知，此处是指智能电动汽车在车展上大放异彩。固定短语shine at sth.“表现出色”；再根据“caught lots of young people’s eyes.”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词需用过去式shone。故填(s)hone。 158．句意：充电300公里，可能需要8小时甚至更长时间。根据“It may...eight hours or more to charge (充电) a car for only 300 km of driving.”和备选词可知，“take”符合语境，意为花费时间。故填(t)ake。 159．句意：这将是一个解决长途旅行充电问题的好机会。根据“it will be a good...to work out the problem of charging on a long-distance trip.”和首字母可知，此处是指解决问题的好机会。固定句型it’s a good chance to do sth.“这是做某事的好机会”。故填(c)hance。 160．句意：然后更多的人将使用电动汽车，我们将在不久的将来拥有一个清洁绿色的世界。根据“we will have a clean and green world in the near...”可知，本句是一般将来时，此处future“将来”符合语境，固定短语in the future“在将来”。故填(f)uture。 十七 （21-22八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 The people were scared. They threw rocks at it and attacked it with pitchforks. When they had killed it, they used a horse to drag it away into a field. M 161 you wouldn’t do any of those things if you saw a hot-air balloon landing near your home. But back in 1783, very f 162 people had ever seen such a thing. Ballooning started with Joseph Montgolfier, who was not the type of person you’d expected to be an inventor. He didn’t like school and ran away from home as a teenager. As a grownup, he failed in business. He was very u 163 his younger brother, Etienne, who was responsible and successful. But when Joseph started reading on his own, he discovered that he loved science and experiments. A lot of good science starts with s 164 paying attention and thinking about what you’ve seen. Joseph made a common observation and then did something amazing with it. Joseph noticed that hot air rises. He a 165 noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it. If you’ve ever watched bits of ash（灰）rising with the smoke from a fire, you’ve seen it too. He wondered, what if I f 166 a cloth bag with hot air? Would the rising air 1 167 the bag? Only one way to find out! Of course, bags filled with hot air r 168 up. Soon, Joseph and Etienne were making larger and larger cloth bags, which they called balloons, the French word for the ball. They held public demonstrations, filling the balloons over a fire pit and l 169 them go. The balloons went up and then came d 170 as the air inside cooled off. Soon all the people in the Montgolfier’s hometown of Annonay were talking about balloons. Next, the brothers went to the great city of Paris to show off their new invention. 【答案】161．(M)aybe 162．(f)ew 163．(u)nlike 164．(s)imply 165．(a)lso 166．(f)illed 167．(l)ift 168．(r)ose 169．(l)etting 170．(d)own 【导语】本文讲述了约瑟夫·蒙戈尔发明热气球的具体过程以及热气球的原理。 161．句意：如果你看到一个热气球在你家附近降落，也许你不会做这些事情。根据后文“you wouldn’t do any of those things”可推断，这里表示“可能你不会”，结合首字母可知，这里应用“maybe”表达“可能”（位于句首开头字母大写）。故填(M)aybe。 162．句意：但是在1783年，很少有人见过这样的东西。结合前后文“But back in 1783”“people had ever seen such a thing.”可知，这里表示1978年的人没见过热气球这种东西，故此句为否定句，由“people”和首字母可推断此处应考查“few”表示“几乎没有”来修饰“people”。故填(f)ew。 163．句意：他非常不像他的弟弟艾蒂安，一个负责任的成功人士。根据前文“Ballooning started with Joseph Montgolfier, who was not the type of person you’d expected to be an inventor. He didn’t like school and ran away from home as a teenager.”及后文“who was responsible and successful”可知这里表达约瑟夫·蒙戈尔跟弟弟艾蒂安完全不像，故填(u)nlike。 164．句意：许多好的科学都是从简单地关注和思考你所看到的开始的。由“Joseph made a common observation and then did something amazing with it.”可知约瑟夫通过简单观察却做出不平凡的事，故推断空内表达“简单观察”，这里需要副词修饰动词短语“paying attention”，结合首字母可知，应用simply。故填(s)imply。 165．句意：他还注意到上升的热空气可以携带固体物体。根据前文“Joseph noticed that hot air rises”及后文“noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it.”可知本句表达“注意到……还注意到……”，结合首字母可知这里考查“also”表示“也”。故填(a)lso 166．句意：他想知道，如果我用热空气装满一个布袋会怎么样？由前文“Joseph noticed that hot air rises”及后文“noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it.”可知约瑟夫发现空气加热可以携带固体，由后文“a cloth bag with hot air?”可推断此处表达“如果我用热空气装满一个布袋会怎么样”fill with“装满，充满”，时态为一般过去时，故填(f)illed。 167．句意：上升的空气会提起袋子吗？根据前文“Joseph noticed that hot air rises”及后文“noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it.”可知约瑟夫发现空气加热可以携带固体，这里表示猜测“空气上升时会提起袋子吗？”，结合首字母可知此处考查“lift”表示“抬起，升高”。故填(l)ift。 168．句意：当然，充满热空气的袋子会上升。由前文“Would the rising air lift the bag? ”可知，当时的约瑟夫好奇它会不会上升，而由“Of course,”可断定“充满空气的袋子当然会上升”，结合首字母可知此处考查“rise”表达“上升”，时态为一般过去时，故填(r)ose。 169．句意：他们举行公开演示，将气球置于在火坑上填充，然后放飞。根据前文“filling the balloons over a fire pit and”可知此处表达“让气球飞起来”，结合首字母可知这里考查“let”表示“让”，由“and”前的“filling”可推断填空处与其并列，应用动名词。故填(l)etting。 170．句意：气球上升，然后随着里面的空气冷却下来。由“as the air inside cooled off. ”可推断当气球里面的空气冷却下来时，气球会降落下来，come down“下降”。故填(d)own。 十八 （21-22八年级下·江苏南京·期末）请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i 171 for you to behave in a good way. It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be invited into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e 172 . Chinese people are known to be very welcoming（好客）. When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 173 you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r 174 fruit or tea in a nice box or basket. After some small talks, comes the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f 175 of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s 176 . You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p 177 enough food. For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious（好奇的）. Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 178 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j 179 explain to them. Enjoy yourself in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a g 180 in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time. 【答案】171．(i)mportant 172．(e)xperience 173．(s)omething 174．(r)eceive 175．(f)ull 176．(s)ame 177．(p)repared 178．(f)irst 179．(j)ust 180．(g)uest 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍去中国旅行时需要注意的事项。 171．句意：去中国旅游时，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要。根据“When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i...for you to behave in a good way.”可知，去一个地方旅行，了解中国的文化和习俗对你的行为举止很重要，important“重要的”，在句中作表语，故填(i)mportant。 172．句意：被邀请到中国家庭做客是一种美妙而温暖的体验。根据“Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e...”可知，被邀请去中国家庭做客是好的体验，experience“体验”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(e)xperience。 173．句意：别忘了称赞家里你喜欢的东西。根据“Don’t forget to say good words about s...you like in the house.”可知，别忘了称赞你喜欢的东西，用不定代词something作宾语，故填(s)omething。 174．句意：中国人喜欢收到装在漂亮盒子或篮子里的水果或茶。根据“Chinese people like to r...fruit or tea in a nice box or basket.”可知，中国人喜欢收到水果和茶，receive“收到”，like to do sth“喜欢做某事”，故填(r)eceive。 175．句意：中国的餐桌是一个快乐的地方，充满了美味的食物和交谈。根据“A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f...of delicious food and conversation.”可知，此处是full of短语，意为“充满”，故填(f)ull。 176．句意：当被邀请来家里吃饭时，一定要注意到其他人在做什么，并试着做同样的事情。根据“When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s...”可知，跟其他人做相同的事，same“相同的事物”，故填(s)ame。 177．句意：这表明主人已经准备了足够的食物。根据“Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p...enough food.”可知，剩点食物证明主人准备充足，prepare“准备”，用于现在完成时结构中，故填(p)repared。 178．句意：中国人不怕问私人问题，即使你们是第一次见面。根据“Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f...time.”可知，此处是for the first time短语，意为“第一次”，故填(f)irst。 179．句意：如果你不想谈论自己的生活，就向他们解释。根据“If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j...explain to them.”可知，如果你不想谈论自己的生活，就向他们解释，just“就，只”符合语境，故填(j)ust。 180．句意：作为中国的客人，你会得到特殊待遇。根据“As a g... in China, you will get special treatment.”可知，客人会得到特殊待遇，guest“客人”，此前有a修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(g)uest。 十九 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Today, people can turn on their televisions and watch the Olympics every two years, alternating between summer and winter games. The world’s best athletes t 181 hard before the games and hope to win a gold, silver, or bronze medal. However, the first Olympics was quite different from t 182 Olympic Games. Held in 776 BC at Olympia, in ancient Greece, the games honored the Greek god Zeus. The competition was a c 183 for athletes to bring honor to their city-states, just as athletes bring honor to their countries nowadays. However, in ancient Greece, only men were allowed to participate. For 13 years, the ancient Olympics had just one event, a running race. Gradually, the games expanded to i 184 sports such as chariot and horse racing, boxing, and the pentathlon. The pentathlon i 185 is made up of five different events: running, wrestling, jumping, throwing a discus, and throwing a javelin. The ancient Greek Olympics e 186 around 395 BC and weren’t played again for over 2, 200 years. Finally, in 1894, a Frenchman named Pierre de Coubertin decided to bring the games back. The games were held in 1896 and included nine events. Today’s Olympics include even more sports, such as soccer and skiing, and are now s 187 into the Summer and Winter Olympics. Cities around the world take turns hosting the Olympics. W 188 stopped for seven days before and seven days after the ancient Olympics so that athletes could travel safely to the games. In a s 189 way, many believe that today’s Olympic Games create goodwill, as nations exhibit strength through competitive sports rather than through battle. The Paralympics are held every Olympic year. To be in the games, athletes must have a disability. Some don’t have arms or legs. Some have poor balance. Some are in wheelchairs. Some others are b 190 . The great thing about these games is not the attention to their disability but their skills. 【答案】181．(t)rain 182．(t)oday’s 183．(c)hance 184．(i)nclude 185．(i)tself 186．(e)nded 187．(s)eparated 188．(W)ars 189．(s)imilar 190．(b)lind 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是奥运会的历史和古代奥运会与现代奥运会的区别。 181．句意：世界上最好的运动员们在比赛前努力训练并且希望赢得金牌，银牌和铜牌。分析句子结构可知此处应填一个谓语动词，结合首字母提示及“and hope to win a gold, silver, or bronze medal.”可知这里说的是运动员们努力训练并希望赢得奖牌，并且时态应是一般现在时；又因主语athletes是复数，所以谓语动词用原形，故空处应是train“训练”，动词。故填(t)rain。 182．句意：然而，第一届奥林匹克运动会与现代的奥林匹克运动会很不一样。根据首字母提示及“However, the first Olympics was quite different ...”可知此处讲的是古代奥运和现代奥运会的区别；应填today’s“今天的”，故填(t)oday’s。 183．句意：比赛是运动员们为他们的城邦争光的机会，就像当今运动员为自己国家争光一样。根据首字母提示及空后“just as athletes bring honor to their countries nowadays. ”可知此处应指奥林匹克比赛给运动员们提供了为他们城市争光的机会，故空处应是chance“机会”，名词；根据空前的冠词a，可知此处为可数名词单数。故填(c)hance。 184．句意：渐渐地，奥运会项目扩大到包括马车赛，赛马，拳击和五项全能等项目。根据首字母提示及“such as chariot and horse racing, boxing, and the pentathlon.”可知此处应指奥运会包括的项目，故空处应是include“包括”，动词；分析句子结构可知，空前有不定式符号to，故填动词原形。故填(i)nclude。 185．句意：五项全能由五个不同的项目组成：疾跑，摔跤，跳远，铁饼和标枪。根据首字母提示及句子结构可知，此处应是反身代词作“The pentathlon”的同位语，故空处应是itself“它自己”，反身代词。故填(i)tself。 186．句意：古希腊奥运会在公元前395年左右结束，并且在2200多年的时间里再也没有举行过。根据首字母提示及“and weren’t played again for over 2, 200 years.”可知本句是一般过去式，且此处指奥运会结束的时间，故空处应填end“结束”，动词。故填(e)nded。 187．句意：现代奥运会包括更多的运动项目，如足球和滑雪，并且分为夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会。根据首字母提示及空后“...the Summer and Winter Olympics.”可知空处是指现代奥运会分为了夏季和冬季奥运会，故空处应填separate“使分开”，动词；分析句子结构可知此处是被动语态，其结构为be+done。故填(s)eparated。 188．句意：在古代奥运会之前和之后的七天，战争会停止，以便运动员能够安全前往奥运会。根据首字母提示及“so that athletes could travel safely to the games. ”可知，此处指战争停止，故空处应填war“战争”，可数名词；其前没有任何冠词或限定词修饰，故用名词复数形式。故填(W)ars。 189．句意：同样，许多人认为现代奥运会创造了友善，因为各国通过体育竞技而不是战斗来展示实力。根据首字母提示及前一句“so that athletes could travel safely to the games. ”和“as nations exhibit strength through...”可知，此处讲的是古代和现代奥运会的类似之处，故空处应填similar“相似的”，形容词。故填(s)imilar。 190．句意：有些人是盲人。根据首字母提示及前一句“Some are in wheelchairs.”可知此处指盲人，故空处应填blind“失明的”，形容词。故填(b)lind。 二十 （2021·江苏南通·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 The Chinese life is colorful with many interesting folk ways. The Lantern Festival is on the 15th day of the first lunar month, it has a Chinese name Yuanxiao Festival. Yuanxiao comes from the f 191 that people call the first lunar month the Yuan Month and night Xiao. The night of the 15th day of the first lunar month m 192 the beginning of the first full moon. On the Lantern Festival, the Chinese people have the custom of e 193 lanterns and eating glutinous rice dumplings. There is a common saying that “Playing on the Lantern Festival.” The custom started during the Han Dynasty, and has a h 194 of more than 2000 years. On that night, every place is decorated with lanterns and streamers(饰带) and there is a bustling atmosphere. As night f 195 , people go in crowds to the sea of colorful lanterns: palace lanterns, wall lamps, figure lanterns, flower lanterns, revolving horse lanterns, animal lanterns, and toy lanterns, of all types and c 196 . Some lanterns have riddles(谜语) on them, which encourage people to try to be the f 197 to find the answer. It is a 198 a traditional custom to eat glutinous rice dumplings at this time. As early as the Song Dynasty, there was such a kind of food, a round ball m 199 of glutinous rice flour with a filling of sugar and kernels(果仁). Since it is eaten on the Lantern Festival, people call it yuanxiao. The Chinese people hope that e 200 is satisfactory (yuanman in Chinese), and to eat glutinous rice dumplings on the first night with a full moon in a year is to wish that family members will remain united, harmonious, happy and satisfied. 【答案】191．(f)act 192．(m)arks/(m)eans 193．(e)njoying 194．(h)istory 195．(f)alls 196．(c)olours/(c)olors 197．(f)irst 198．(a)lso 199．(m)ade 200．(e)verything 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国传统节日——元宵节。 191．句意：元宵来源于人们称农历正月为元月和夜晓的事实。根据下文“people call the first lunar month the Yuan Month and night Xiao”可知，这里是讲述事实，应用fact表示，故填(f)act。 192．句意：正月十五的晚上意味着第一个满月的开始。根据下文“the beginning of the first full moon”可知，标志着第一个满月的开始。根据首字母m提示，可得单词mark/mean，主语The night of the 15th day of the first lunar month为第三人称单数，动词用三单形式，故填(m)arks/(m)eans。 193．句意：在元宵节这天，中国人有赏灯笼、吃汤圆的习俗。根据上文“On the Lantern Festival”及常识可知，在元宵节这天，中国人赏灯笼。根据首字母e提示，可得单词enjoy，且位于介词of之后，故enjoy应用ing形式，故填(e)njoying。 194．句意：这一习俗始于汉代，至今已有两千多年的历史。根据上文“The custom started during the Han Dynasty”可知，这一习俗至今已有两千多年的历史。根据首字母h提示，可得单词history，且位于a之后，故history应用单数形式。故填(h)istory。 195．句意：夜幕降临，人们成群结队地来到五彩缤纷的灯海中。根据下文“people go in crowds to the sea of colorful lanterns”可知，夜幕降临，才能看灯。根据首字母f提示，可得单词fall，根据语境可知，此处应用一般现在时陈述事实，主语为night，故动词fall应用第三人称单数形式。故填(f)alls。 196．句意：宫灯、壁灯、人像灯、花灯、转马灯、动物灯、玩具灯，种类繁多，颜色各异。根据上文“people go in crowds to the sea of colorful lanterns”可知，元宵灯种类繁多，颜色各异。根据首字母c提示，可得单词colour/color，空格前为all，应用复数形式。故填(c)olours/(c)olors。 197．句意：有些灯笼上有谜语，这鼓励人们努力成为第一个找到答案的人。根据上文“Some lanterns have riddles(谜语) on them”及常识可知，出谜语第一个猜出来的人会有奖励，所以是鼓励人们努力成为第一个找到答案的人。根据首字母f提示，可得单词first，意为“第一个的”，符合句意，故填(f)irst。 198．句意：吃糯米糍也是传统习俗。根据上文“The custom started during the Han Dynasty, and has a history of more than 2000 years”可知，这里说的是另一个习俗，所以空格处应填意为“也”的单词。根据首字母a提示，可得单词also，副词，意为“也”，符合句意，故填(a)lso。 199．句意：早在宋代，就有这样一种食物，一种用糯米粉做成的圆球，里面装满了糖和果仁。根据下文“glutinous rice flour with a filling of sugar and kernels”可知，此处指的是它的制作原料。根据首字母m提示，可得单词make，根据语境可知，此处应用被动语态，故make应用过去分词。故填(m)ade。 200．句意：中国人民希望万事如意。根据下文“yuanman in Chinese”可知，圆满的意思就是万事如意。根据首字母e提示，可得单词everything，意为“一切”，符合句意，故填(e)verything。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语篇填空（首字母填空） 一 （22-23八年级下·江苏南通·期末）On the fourth Sunday of every November, Americans gather around the dinner table to celebrate Thanksgiving Day. The special tradition in the US has been around for many years. H 1 , some people don’t always stop to think about where some traditions came from. Now the f 2 are about four popular Thanksgiving traditions and how they started. A big feast (大餐) is the major event for every Thanksgiving Day. The first Thanksgiving feast was in the autumn of 1621 when the first settlers (定居者) from 3 celebrated their first harvest. But it wasn’t made into an official holiday u 4 1863. The first feast had turkey, fruits and vegetables, which are still common today. Giving thanks is what the holiday is mainly about. Historians say the first settlers invited Native Americans to the feast to thank them for teaching them how to g 5 crops and get food so that they could live on. Every year, there is a Macy’s Thanksgiving Parade in New York City, which includes giant balloons that 6 like cartoon characters and beautiful floats (花车) that carry famous people. There are also many musical plays for people to w 7 . This parade first a 8 in 1924, and today over 44 million people can see it on TV or in NYC． American football is also something that people are the most i 9 in on Thanksgiving Day. Many people started to c 10 Thanksgiving Day by watching football games a few years after the day became an official holiday. Today, the National Football League takes advantages of this popularity and hosts three NFL games every Thanksgiving Day. 二 （22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） Late one night, Gulliver received a warning that some nobles wanted him killed. Quickly, he wrote a letter to the emperor of Lilliput, “I’m off to visit Blefuscu, as I promised.” Then he hurried down to the sea b 11 Lilliput and Blefuscu. The king of Blefuscu himself came out to meet him. “Welcome!” cried the king. “Stay as l 12 as you like.” Walking on the beach a week later, Gulliver saw a small boat—but a full-sized one. It was floating upside down in the water. Gulliver rushed to the king and begged, “Can you help me rescue the boat? This could be my c 13 to go home.” “Of course,” said the king. “Take some ships to help you.” Gulliver s 14 out to the boat, holding ropes from each of the ships. With the ships pulling and Gulliver p 15 , the boat was brought safely to shore. Gulliver and the k 16 men set about fixing the boat for his long journey home. Soon, the boat was finished. “I’d like to leave now,” Gulliver told the king. “But n 17 one at home will believe my story. Could I take some of your people with me?” “I can’t possibly allow that,” said the king. “But you may take some cows and a sheep.” He a 18 gave Gulliver fifty bags of gold coins. “I don’t want you to go,” he said. “But I understand why you have to.” “Thank you,” said Gulliver. “I’ll never forget you all.” After only a few days at sea in his boat, Gulliver saw a ship. He shouted and waved wildly. He was l 19 ! One sailor found him. The ship sailed over and picked up Gulliver. “Where have you come from?” asked the captain. “A place called Lilliput.” said Gulliver and he showed the captain the p 20 from the emperor. The captain was so surprised. For a few gold coins and a couple of cows, he agreed to take Gulliver all the way home. 三 （22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）We were locked in a darkness room, Ned t 21 to escape from the submarine(潜艇). I remembered that unforgettable day. When morning came,we saw the monster behind us. After fighting a 22 it, Conseil ,Ned and I were thrown into the sea and stood on the monster(怪物). We thought it was a giant narwhal. In fact, it was a submarine. A few seconds later, eight men came out and pulled us into this room on the submarine. S 23 , two men entered. The tall man was Captain Nemo. He even knew e 24 we did with him. He asked us to promise not to escape. Finally, we reached an agreement. Captain Nemo showed me the art gallery with many paintings by famous a 25 and a museum that contained many thousands of wonderful shells, pearls and other treasures from the sea. I had never seen s 26 a good museum. “What a wonderful ship, it must have cost a fortune.” “That’s true!” he r 27 “I love it as if it were my child.” A few days later Captain Nemo invited me and my friends to go hunting with him in the forests of Crespo Island About one hundred savages followed us and tried to come into the ship. Captain Nemo didn’t worry about them. W 28 they put their hand on the rail, they all fell back and ran away. Captain Nemo had put electricity into the rail. Anybody who touched it w 29 receive an electric shock. One day, he asked me to follow him to another room. A man lay on a bed with a very bad head wound. I looked at it. “What happened?” Captain Nemo answered, “Something broke in the engine. A heavy piece of metal hit his head.” “He is going to die s 30 ,” I said. “Nothing can save him.” Tears filled Captain Nemo’s eyes and he asked me to leave. 四 （22-23八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整， 每空一词。 Environmental protection is important for the health of our earth. We need to r 31 how our actions influence the environment. In our daily life, plenty of waste we produce is a big problem. We can r 32 waste by choosing to buy products with l 33 packaging (包装) and to recycle items properly. S 34 rubbish into different categories, such as plastic, paper, and glass, can also be a great help. Moreover, we d 35 on natural resources for our daily needs, such as water, air, and food. It is important to save resources by using them w 36 . For example, turning off the tap w 37 brushing our teeth can save water, and turning off lights when leaving a room can save electricity. Finally, we must also think about the r 38 of our choices for the environment. Choosing to use public transportation or carpooling (共乘一辆车) instead of driving a 39 can reduce air pollution. Planting trees can also help take in CO2 and i 40 air quality. By taking these steps, we can help protect the environment and make a better future. 五 （21-22八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 The QR code (二维码) is of great importance to our lives. But have you ever wondered who i 41 the OR code? In the 1960s, supermarkets began to appear in Japan. Cashiers (收银员) had to put the price of each product in the computer by h 42 . It was really hard work. Later, the barcode (条形码) came out and worked out the problem. Users can do their work much more e 43 , but there was a new problem—it could just hold a little i 44 . So many developers started to i 45 the barcode. Masahiro Hara was one of them. He thought, “With the barcode, information is coded (为……编码) in one direction o 46 . With 2D codes, information can be coded in two directions: across and up/down.” So Hara set out to develop a new 2D code holding a large amount of information. To make it be read as f 47 as possible, he made the code black and white, and square. In 1994, Hara’s QR code came out. The QR means quick response (反应). It was soon used by a car company and later in the food industry. It was such a s 48 that Hara could use it to get enough money, but he didn’t. He made it p 49 so that everyone could use it for free. “The more people use it, the more new ways of using it there will be. I think this is w 50 the OR code was born.” Hara said. He also hoped that it could be useful in more fields. 六 （21-22八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。 Wonder, by United States writer R. J. Palacio, is a powerful story of transformation (改变). It tells the story of a special boy, August Pullman, who was b 51 with a serious facial difference. And up till now, it has p 52 him from going to a mainstream school. When he first started school at 10, everyone made fun of him. August wanted n 53 more than to be treated as a kid like others—but his new classmates can’t get past his strange face. Students often bully (欺负) him for not looking normal (正常的). H 54 , he makes true friends there and even wins an award at his graduation ceremony. August is a hero for the ages, one who proves that you can’t blend in when you were born to stand out. This book has t 55 my heart. It’s not a fairy tale—life isn’t one. I 56 , the story is very realistic, as it shows what could I really happen in middle school. What’s more, it’s told from different points of view (视角). Wonder begins from August’s point of view, but soon switches to (切换到) others’, i 57 his classmates’, his sister’s and so on. This o 58 readers a chance to understand different characters’ feelings and thoughts. I think we can all relate to August. In one way or another, we are all just like him. We each have our own d 59 , but we shouldn’t try to change ourselves to fit in. We all experience ups and downs, but like August, we’ve got the c 60 back and won. Despite all the brutality (残忍) in the world, there’s always a reason to smile. 七 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）Gulliver’s Travels tells the story of Lemuel Gulliver, a ship’s doctor. He has the most unbelievable e 61 on his travels. The story is told by Gulliver himself and every journey he makes ends w 62 his ship being broken or attacked by pirates. Each time this happens Gulliver finds h 63 in a strange land with even stranger people. Its writer, Jonathan Swift, was born into a poor family in Dublin, Ireland. His mother couldn’t afford to raise her children, s 64 she left her children in the care of relatives. His life experiences made a great difference to his w 65 . In his works, he had pity on the poor and hated the rich and powerful. The book was a s 66 when first published and is still popular today because both young readers and adults e 67 it. This is because it can be enjoyed as a young reader’s fantasy story about travel and adventure and also as a political satire （讽刺）for adults. In fact, Gulliver’ Travels is a travel book and Gulliver is a great adventurer. He always wants to leave h 68 and travel on the seas another time. All these make the book a classic. So people are never t 69 while reading. At the end of the story Gulliver finally ends his travels but he is strongly c 70 by them. He learns that there are many different ideas of what makes a civilized（文明的）society and that we must not feel superior（优越的） to others because they are different. —Taken from Gulliver’s Travels 八 （21-22八年级下·江苏南通·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 With nothing but her small boat for company (作伴), a British lawyer (律师), Victoria Evans, fought a 71 high winds and big waves at sea. She s 72 rowed across the Atlantic Ocean (大西洋) alone. Her adventure (冒险) has set a new world record! Victoria had never rowed before she took on this challenge (挑战). Three years ago, she had the idea to encourage (鼓励) more females to become a 73 in sports. After that, she started to practise rowing more than ten hours a day. She then continued to p 74 for sailing on the ocean. The 35-year-old started her race from a Spanish island on February 11. D 75 the trip, high winds made rowing very difficult. At one point, a wave locked the cabin (door from the inside). It took Victoria three hours to open the lock with a knife. Still, she got over all these difficulties. This b 76 woman completed more than 4,700 kilometers of rowing in 40 days and 19 hours. Victoria’s adventure r 77 24,000 pounds for a charity called Women in Sport. This charity works to give every female the c 78 to take part in sports. “Actions speak l 79 than words,” the lawyer said in a later i 80 , “I wants use this experience to show people one thing: You are able to do anything you set your mind to!” 九 （21-22八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词。 Taking public transport, making payments online or just walking around—these daily activities can help turn China’s deserts into forests if you are using Ant Forest. Ant Forest is a feature in the Alipay mobile payment app. It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a bus to work i 81 of driving, for example—and gives users “green energy”. When a user’s green energy gets high e 82 , Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person. Ant Forest r 83 the 2019 Champions of the Earth award（地球卫士奖）, the UN’s highest environmental honor, for encouraging people to live greener lifestyles and protect the environment. S 84 its launch（发起）in August 2016, Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million trees in China’s driest areas, which include regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Shanxi, reported Xinhua News Agency. The trees c 85 an area of 112,000 hectares（公顷）. The project has become China’s largest private-sector tree-planting initiative（倡议）. This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth g 86 . In 1978, China began a national-level forestation（造林）project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also known as the “Great Green Wall”. The program has improved living conditions and d 87 local business, according to China Daily. It’s reported the forest coverage rate（覆盖率）among the regions of the project r 88 13.57 percent in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago. In light of China’s success against desertification（沙漠化）, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) believes the country is a good e 89 for others to follow. “China is one of the most s 90 countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.” former UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim told Xinhua. 十 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词） My name is Huckleberry Finn. I live in the town of St. Petersburg in the state of Missouri. It’s a s 91 town but it’s near a very big river called the Mississippi. This is the story of a journey that I made down that river on a raft. Tom Sawyer and I found $12,000 in a cave which made us rich. We got $6,000 e 92 . Judge Thatcher put it in the bank. I didn’t have a f 93 or a home. My mother died a long time ago and then my dad, Pap, disappeared. I didn’t go to school like the other boys of my a 94 . I lived on the streets and in the woods. Then a kind old lady called Widow Douglas invited me to live with her and my life c 95 . She gave me a bed to sleep in and bought me new clothes. She sent me to school every day. I didn’t like going there at first b 96 learning was very difficult. But when I could read and write a bit, I didn’t m 97 going. For me, eating my meals at the table and sleeping in a soft bed were the h 98 things. I missed my old life. Sometimes I ran away and spent a few days in the woods. I felt f 99 there and I was happy. I fished and hunted all day. At night I slept under the stars. The months passed and w 100 came. The weather got cold. One morning I saw some footprints in the snow outside the widow’s house. There was a cross on the heel of the left one. My heart jumped. Only one person wore boots with a cross on the left heel! Pap! 十一 （21-22八年级下·江苏泰州·期末）短文填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示, 补全空格内单词, 使短文完整、通顺。（请在答题卡上写出完整单词） Of the three major drinks of the world-tea, coffee and cocoa, tea is drunk by the largest number of people. China is the homeland of tea. It is believed that China had tea as e 101 as five to six thousand years ago, and the history of tea planting dates back to two thousand Years. The h 102 of tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not introduced to Europe and America until the 17th and 18th centuries. Now the number of tea drinkers in the world is very large and it’s still g 103 . Tea has been a necessary part of people's d 104 lives in China for a long time. Countless numbers of people like to have a cup of tea after a meal. In summer, tea seems to drive away the h 105 and bring on a cool feeling together with a feeling of relaxation. In medicine, the tea leaf is very important to people who live mainly o 106 meat. A popular saying says, "I'd rather go without salt for three days than without tea for a single day. " Tea is also rich in various vitamins and, for smokers, it helps to remove nicotine from the body. After drinking wine, strong tea may prove to be a good way to k 107 one's mind clear. However, too much strong tea is bad for the s 108 and can cause indigestion（消化不良）. Drinking strong tea just before bedtime will make it hard for people to fall a 109 . Often drinking very strong tea may give some people heart and blood pressure disorders （混乱）, and make the teeth of young people turn brown. But it is not d 110 to prevent these undesirable（不受欢迎的）effects: just don't make your tea too strong. 十二 （21-22八年级下·江苏盐城·期末）A country cannot live without young people, and young people cannot live without awakening.                                                                     —Li Dazhao     This year, the Communist Youth League of China, or CYLC(中国共青团) is turning 100 y 111 old.     In 1922, the Youth League h 112 its first National Congress（全国代表大会）in Guangzhou, which marked its birth. 25 members attended the meeting, representing 5,000 others f 113 all over the country.      As a p 114 of China’s youth movement, the CYLC has more than 73.7 million members nationwide aged 14 to 28, and about 43.8 million of i 115 members are students. Young people are the future and h 116 of a country and the CYLC always unites(团结), organizes and serves young people, encouraging them to w 117 for China’s development.      Liu Lijia, a senior undergraduate student at Beijing Normal University, said t 118   as a Youth League member, she thanks the Youth League for helping her development. She will become a volunteer teacher in China’s w 119 areas and devote h 120 to bridging the educational gap between different areas. 十三 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，每空一词。 After my parents’ divorce（离婚）, I moved with my father to a small town when I was 12 years old. I already knew that my teen years would be a h 121 time of my life. I was a total outsider（旁观者）and a stranger at a new school. I felt really l 122 in my small town. But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14, I turned my problem into a love of h 123 others. This made me feel like my life had a greater purpose. The more positive（积极的）energy I s 124 , the more kindness I received. I realized that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people, especially teenagers, and help them feel l 125 lonely. Then books entered my life with its special warmth. Thanks to the w 126 who wrote those books, the kindness from their books saved my life. Later, one of my biggest d 127 was to become a writer so I could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books helped me. Luckily, I have been a full-time writer of teen novels since 2007. I am thankful for this great c 128 to reach out to my young readers every day. Small kind acts can change someone’s life. You n 129 know what someone else is going through. But by practicing daily k 130 , you can become an architect（缔造者）of positive change. 十四 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。(每空一词) The famous R 131 writer Lev Tolstory ( 托尔斯泰) once said, “ Everyone thinks of changing the world, but no one thinks of changing himself.” He was right. We always plan to do or dream of doing something great so that we can change the world. For example, we hate pollution, so we try to find new energy r 132 to keep the environment clean. H 133 , we still litter on the ground in our lives. Also, we are not satisfied with the traffic, so we plan to build more highways to stop it. But in fact, the main reason for it is that many people don’t f 134 the traffic rules. Now, lots of students always think their homework is very difficult and they find it hard to pass exams. In their e 135 , the problems on papers are too difficult. But actually, the real r 136 is that they don’t study hard. They never think about changing their attitudes t 137 study or working hard on their lessons. In my opinion, before we decide to change the world, we should change o 138 first. As common people, it is not easy for us to change the world, but we can e 139 give up our bad habits, such as littering, breaking traffic rules and always c 140 about how difficult the exam is. If we can do that, we’ll be strong enough to change the world some day and make it! 十五 （21-22八年级下·江苏南通·期末）阅读短文，根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的单词，使短文通顺。 A Special Team at the Winter Paralympics (残奥会) A special team was doing some voluntary work at the 2022 Beijing Winter Paralympics Games. In fact, these little v 141 are 68 lovely guide dogs. All of them were strictly c 142 from a training center in Dalian, Liaoning Province. Months of special training had taught them how to do with complex (复杂的) situations in cold environments. At the Paralympics, e 143 of the guide dogs wears a QR code (二维码). By scanning the codes, people can e 144 learn a lot of detailed information about the dogs, i 145 their blooding, age, training history and service conditions. China s 146 up the first guide dog training center in 2006. Two years l 147 , a guide dog named Lucky made its appearance at the Beijing Paralympics. With its h 148 , Ping Yali, the first Chinese who got a Paralympic gold medal, completed the torch relay (火炬传递). Our modern technology will c 149 to develop. But the special warmth and loyalty of guide dogs are always needed. During the Games, the guide dogs greatly helped the b 150 athletes to fully enjoy the sports competition. 十六 （21-22八年级下·江苏扬州·期末） With the increasing population and cars, many countries w 151 their fuel or petrol (汽油) will run out soon, so fuel price has risen up to n 152 10 yuan per litre (升). As a result, the cost of running a petrol-based car becomes higher and higher.     Have you ever thought of b 153 an electric (电) car? Now it’s clear that we all need to act on our empty wallet as well as s 154 climate (气候) change, however, will people really be ready to make changes in their lives? Can we really make our e 155 greener than it is now? If you want to buy an electric car,which would you like? That is a question. It all d 156 on your personal taste. On May 28, 2022, so many Electronic smart cars made by Chinese auto companies s 157 at Greater Bay Area Auto Show in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, which caught lots of young people’s eyes. However, Electric cars aren’t perfect just yet. It may t 158 eight hours or more to charge (充电) a car for only 300 km of driving. Many people think it a waste of time. Price is a problem, too. Electric cars cost much. The good news is that electric-car technology (技术) is getting better. As it does, the prices of this kind of cars are going down. In order to charge the car more easily, our Chinese government is trying to build more charging stations around the country. And it will be a good c 159 to work out the problem of charging on a long-distance trip. Because of better batteries (电池), last month (in May, 2022), 51.2% of all new car registrations (登记) were electric cars. Among them, Chinese auto companies made a great contribution (贡献). So the change is starting to happen. It is safe to say that Chinese auto industry is overtaking in the corner. Now car-makers are looking for other ways to make the car cheaper. Then more people will use electric cars and we will have a clean and green world in the near f 160 . Maybe, you can give them an opportunity, especially those made in China. 十七 （21-22八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 The people were scared. They threw rocks at it and attacked it with pitchforks. When they had killed it, they used a horse to drag it away into a field. M 161 you wouldn’t do any of those things if you saw a hot-air balloon landing near your home. But back in 1783, very f 162 people had ever seen such a thing. Ballooning started with Joseph Montgolfier, who was not the type of person you’d expected to be an inventor. He didn’t like school and ran away from home as a teenager. As a grownup, he failed in business. He was very u 163 his younger brother, Etienne, who was responsible and successful. But when Joseph started reading on his own, he discovered that he loved science and experiments. A lot of good science starts with s 164 paying attention and thinking about what you’ve seen. Joseph made a common observation and then did something amazing with it. Joseph noticed that hot air rises. He a 165 noticed that rising hot air can carry solid（固体的）objects with it. If you’ve ever watched bits of ash（灰）rising with the smoke from a fire, you’ve seen it too. He wondered, what if I f 166 a cloth bag with hot air? Would the rising air 1 167 the bag? Only one way to find out! Of course, bags filled with hot air r 168 up. Soon, Joseph and Etienne were making larger and larger cloth bags, which they called balloons, the French word for the ball. They held public demonstrations, filling the balloons over a fire pit and l 169 them go. The balloons went up and then came d 170 as the air inside cooled off. Soon all the people in the Montgolfier’s hometown of Annonay were talking about balloons. Next, the brothers went to the great city of Paris to show off their new invention. 十八 （21-22八年级下·江苏南京·期末）请根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 China is an old country with a rich culture. When travelling to China, understanding Chinese culture and customs is i 171 for you to behave in a good way. It’s becoming popular for foreigners to be invited into Chinese homes. Being invited to a Chinese family’s home can be a wonderful and warm e 172 . Chinese people are known to be very welcoming（好客）. When you’re invited to a Chinese family’s home, make sure you arrive on time. Don’t forget to say good words about s 173 you like in the house. Gifts are usually given when visiting someone’s home or being invited for dinner. Chinese people like to r 174 fruit or tea in a nice box or basket. After some small talks, comes the dinner. A Chinese dinner table is a happy place, f 175 of delicious food and conversation. When invited over for dinner, make sure to notice what everybody else is doing and try to do the s 176 . You’d better eat plenty of food to show you’re enjoying it. Don’t finish off the whole dish, but leave a small amount of food on the plates. It shows that the host has p 177 enough food. For foreigners, Chinese people may be very curious（好奇的）. Chinese people aren’t afraid to ask personal questions, even if you’ve met for the f 178 time. So, don’t be surprised to be asked things like your age, your education or your work. You do not have to answer these questions. If you don’t want to talk about your own life, j 179 explain to them. Enjoy yourself in the warm and welcoming world of the local Chinese. As a g 180 in China, you will get special treatment. And your hosts make sure you will have a good time. 十九 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Today, people can turn on their televisions and watch the Olympics every two years, alternating between summer and winter games. The world’s best athletes t 181 hard before the games and hope to win a gold, silver, or bronze medal. However, the first Olympics was quite different from t 182 Olympic Games. Held in 776 BC at Olympia, in ancient Greece, the games honored the Greek god Zeus. The competition was a c 183 for athletes to bring honor to their city-states, just as athletes bring honor to their countries nowadays. However, in ancient Greece, only men were allowed to participate. For 13 years, the ancient Olympics had just one event, a running race. Gradually, the games expanded to i 184 sports such as chariot and horse racing, boxing, and the pentathlon. The pentathlon i 185 is made up of five different events: running, wrestling, jumping, throwing a discus, and throwing a javelin. The ancient Greek Olympics e 186 around 395 BC and weren’t played again for over 2, 200 years. Finally, in 1894, a Frenchman named Pierre de Coubertin decided to bring the games back. The games were held in 1896 and included nine events. Today’s Olympics include even more sports, such as soccer and skiing, and are now s 187 into the Summer and Winter Olympics. Cities around the world take turns hosting the Olympics. W 188 stopped for seven days before and seven days after the ancient Olympics so that athletes could travel safely to the games. In a s 189 way, many believe that today’s Olympic Games create goodwill, as nations exhibit strength through competitive sports rather than through battle. The Paralympics are held every Olympic year. To be in the games, athletes must have a disability. Some don’t have arms or legs. Some have poor balance. Some are in wheelchairs. Some others are b 190 . The great thing about these games is not the attention to their disability but their skills. 二十 （2021·江苏南通·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。 The Chinese life is colorful with many interesting folk ways. The Lantern Festival is on the 15th day of the first lunar month, it has a Chinese name Yuanxiao Festival. Yuanxiao comes from the f 191 that people call the first lunar month the Yuan Month and night Xiao. The night of the 15th day of the first lunar month m 192 the beginning of the first full moon. On the Lantern Festival, the Chinese people have the custom of e 193 lanterns and eating glutinous rice dumplings. There is a common saying that “Playing on the Lantern Festival.” The custom started during the Han Dynasty, and has a h 194 of more than 2000 years. On that night, every place is decorated with lanterns and streamers(饰带) and there is a bustling atmosphere. As night f 195 , people go in crowds to the sea of colorful lanterns: palace lanterns, wall lamps, figure lanterns, flower lanterns, revolving horse lanterns, animal lanterns, and toy lanterns, of all types and c 196 . Some lanterns have riddles(谜语) on them, which encourage people to try to be the f 197 to find the answer. It is a 198 a traditional custom to eat glutinous rice dumplings at this time. As early as the Song Dynasty, there was such a kind of food, a round ball m 199 of glutinous rice flour with a filling of sugar and kernels(果仁). Since it is eaten on the Lantern Festival, people call it yuanxiao. The Chinese people hope that e 200 is satisfactory (yuanman in Chinese), and to eat glutinous rice dumplings on the first night with a full moon in a year is to wish that family members will remain united, harmonious, happy and satisfied. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$