【夏日FUN学】专题2：形容词和副词 讲义-2024-2025学年新高一暑假初升高衔接英语

【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语初升高衔接教案 专题2:形容词和副词(原卷版) 【课前小测】 单项选择 1.The _ fruit you eat, the _ you are. A.many; healthy B.more; healthier C.much; healthier D.most; healthiest 2.After a long walk in the sun, they wanted to drink _. A.cold something B.something cold C.anything cold D.cold anything 3.For_ information on healthy eating, you can visit our website. A.farther B.further C.furthest D.farthest 4.Balanced diets are just as _ as regular exercise in our daily life. A.important B.more important C.most important D.the most important 5.—What did the doctor tell you? —He told me to eat _ meat and take _ exercise and have a healthy life. A.more; less B.less; more C.more; fewer D.less; less 6.Choose the correct adverbial phrase to complete the sentence: She walked _ down the street. A.slowly B.slow C.slowness D.slow down 7.Choose the correct adverbial phrase to complete the sentence: He spoke _ during the meeting. A.fluently B.fluent C.fluency D.fluently spoken 8.Choose the correct adverbial phrase to complete the sentence: She ran _ to catch the bus. A.quickly B.quick C.quickness D.quicken 9.Choose the correct adjective phrase to complete the sentence: The movie was _. A.very exciting B.excitingly C.excitement D.excitedly 10.Why is _ leader like him supported by _few workers? A.such an honest ; so B.so honest an ; such C.such a honest; so D.so honest a ;such 11.—How are you today? Do you still have a fever? —No, I feel _. A.worse B.better C.the worst D.the best 12.The big flood suddenly hit that area. _, thousands of people became homeless A.As a result B.As a result of which C.As a result of D.In consequence of 13.She the result of the experiment and didn’t know what to do. A.amazed at B.was amazed with C.was amazed at D.was amazing at 14.Linda speaks and all of us believe she will win the contest. A.good enough B.well enough C.enough good D.enough well 15.It is_ that some junior high school students are addicted_ computer games. A.annoying, in B.annoyed, to C.annoying, to D.annoyed, in 【知识对接】 接点1形容词 1.成分 成分 例句 定语 One of the most common languages used to create web pages is called HTML. Who is the greatest woman writer alive in the world? 表语 After getting her hair cut, she looked even more beautiful. 宾语补足语 With the window open, many things in the shop were stolen at night. 状语 The bird fell onto the ground, dead. 2.比较级和最高级 形容词比较级、最高级的变化规则如下表: 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节形容词在词尾加-er/-est high few higher fewer highest fewest 以字母e结尾的形容词在词尾加-r/-st large wide larger wider largest widest 以重读闭音节结尾的形容词,末尾只有一个元音字母加一个辅 音字母结尾,应先双写该辅音字母,然后加-er/-est thin big hot thinner bigger hotter thinnest biggest hottest 以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词,须先将y变成i,然后加-er/-est happy funny happier funnier happiest funniest 多音节形容词前加more 变比较级;加most变最高级 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful 部分形容词比较级、最高级的不规则变化如下表: 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 接点2副词 1.成分 副词的类型 例词 时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, recently 地点副词 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, carefully 程度副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never 疑问副词 how, where, when, why 连接副词 how, when, where, why, however, meanwhile 关系副词 when, where, why (1)作状语 We should listen to the teachers carefully in class.我们在课堂上应该仔细听讲。(修饰动词) You are quite right.你相当正确。(修饰形容词) He parked the car very easily.他很容易地把汽车停放好了。(修饰副词) I usually go to school at 6:40 in the morning.我通常在早上6点40分去上学。(修饰整个句子) (2)作表语 作表语的副词多数是表示位置的,如in、out、on、back、down、up、off、away、upstairs. He is in.他在家。 I must be off now.我现在必须走了。 (3)作宾语补足语 Let them in.让他们进来。 We saw her off two days ago.两天前我们为她送行。 (4)作定语 有时少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语,放在所修饰词的后面。 People there used to drink or use the water in the river.那儿的人过去常饮用那条河里的水。 People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.现在的人经常在饭店里吃节日晚宴。 【注意】副词作定语时和介词短语作定语一样,一律后置。 2.副词在句中的位置 (1)在形容词之前。 It's extremely hot today.今天很热。 Wind is a kind of environmentally friendly energy,风是一种环保能源。 (2)在be动词、助动词之后。 I'm terribly sorry for what I have done to you,我为对你做过的事感到非常抱歉。 (3)地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放在句末。 I'll wait for you here.我将在这儿等你。(地点副词) I'll see him off at the station tomorrow.明天我将去车站为他送行。(时间副词) The boy wrote the homework quickly.这个男孩快速地写作业。(方式副词) 有时为了强调时间,也可把时间副词放在句首。 Recently, the students all performed well here.最近,这些学生在这里都表现很好。 (4)频度副词在句子中的位置有以下两种: ①在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后。 She is always kind to us.她对我们总是很友好。(be动词之后) I can never forget the day.我永远也不会忘记这一天。(情态动词之后) The work has never been done.这项工作从未完成过。(助动词之后) ②在实义动词之前。 He often goes to school late.他经常上学迟到。 3.副词的比较级和最高级 (1)副词比较级和最高级的变化规则与形容词基本上一样。 hard-harder-hardest fast-faster-fastest early-earlier-earliest (2)部分副词比较级、最高级的不规则变化 如下: well-better-best much-more-most badly-worse-worst little-less-least (3)以后缀-ly结尾的副词其前加more变比较级,加most变最高级,如: quick-more quickly-most quickly quietly-more quietly-most quietly 【注意】early中的-ly不是后缀,故可以把y变i再加-er/-est. 4.副词的排列顺序 (1)时间、地点副词,小单位在前,大单位在后。 Let's go to the park at 8:30 tomorrow morning.让我们明天早上八点半去公园。 (2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully.请慢慢地、仔细地写。 (3)同一个句子中出现多个不同副词时的排列:程度、地点、方式、时间副词。 【注意】 (1)副词very可以修饰形容词、副词,但不能修饰动词。 (误)I very like English. (正)I like English very much. (2)副词enough要放在形容词、副词的后面,形容词enough常放在名词前。 I don't know him well enough.我对他不够了解。 There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供大家吃。 5.副词的构成 (1)除了often、seldom、always、already、ever、fast、straight等副词外,一般情况下,形容词在末尾加上-ly就成了副词。一些以-l结尾的形容词变副词时不能直接加-y,也应加-ly. slow-slowly quick-quickly clear-clearly obvious-obviously physical-physically mental-mentally peaceful-peacefully (2)少数以-le结尾的形容词变副词时,-le直接换成-ly. terrible-terribly gentle-gently comfortable-comfortably (3)下列以-ly结尾的词多用作形容词。 friendly, deadly, lovely, lively, likely, lonely, weekly, monthly, orderly 6.come、go、get、arrive等动词加副词构成的常见短语 drive downtown驾车去市区 go upstairs 上楼 come downstairs 下楼 live abroad 住在国外 stay indoors 待在室内 play outdoors 在户外玩 go home 回家 get there 到那儿 arrive here 到这儿 【难点突破】 突破1形容词与副词的用法 1.可以修饰形容词或副词原级的词有very、quite、so、too. He is too tired to walk on.他太累了而不能再继续走了。 My brother runs so fast that I can't follow him.我弟弟跑得如此快以至于我跟不上他。 2.含有as...as(与 一样)的原级表达句式。 Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。 He is twice as old as his nephew.他的年龄是他侄子的两倍。 Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。 3.最高级表示三者及三者以上事物间的比较,常与of、in连用。 The Yangtze River is the longest river in China,长江是中国最长的河流。 The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China,长江比中国其他任何一条河流都长。 4.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越 ”。 He is getting taller and taller.他长得越来越高了。 The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。 5.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越 就越 ”。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越认真,你犯的错误就越少。 6.可以修饰比较级的词有much、a lot、a great deal、far、a little、a bit、even、still、any. Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆看起来比以前更年轻。 This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆快得多。 She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车比她丈夫还小心。 突破2形容词修饰不定代词 当形容词修饰不定代词 something、anything、nothing、everything时,形容词要后置。 Do you have anything interesting to tell us all today?今天你有什么有趣的事情跟我们大家说说吗? Take it easy. There is nothing serious with your disease, which is just a cold.别紧张,你的病无大碍,只是感冒而已。 突破3同源形容词的区别 在英语中某些词变成形容词时有两种或两种以上的形式,它们词形相近,但词义不同,容易用错。 v-ing 表示特征 v-ed表示心理感受 frightening 令人恐惧的 frightened 害怕的 boring 令人厌烦的 bored厌烦的 annoying 令人生气的 annoyed 恼怒的 exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的 【达标训练】 一、单项选择 1.What seemed most _ to me was that no one thought of his own safety. A.surprised B.surprise C.surprising D.to surprise 2._ is the Incas’ dry stones method of building. A.Especial amazing B.Especially amazed C.Especially amazement D.Especially amazing 3.It’s that we didn’t know about schedule before, and the information was . A.annoying; confused B.annoyed; confused C.annoying; confusing D.annoyed; confusing 4.This kind of cloth feels _ and sells _. A.softly; nice B.soft; good C.soft; well D.soft; nice 5.— The weather is very hot these days. — Yeah. The temperature in July and August is even . A.high B.higher C.the highest 6.ChatGPT can make a plan _ than we do. A.much quickly B.more quick C.even quick D.far more quickly 7.Dr. Yuan Longping had a dream that he could develop rice as _ as peanuts (花生). A.large B.largest C.larger D.the largest 8.Nothing is _ than a glass of water when you are thirsty. A.nice B.nicer C.nicest D.the nicest 9.—Did you read _ in today’s newspaper? —Yes, I did. It’s fun. A.anything interesting B.something interested C.interesting anything D.interested something 10.—Who do you think was _ student in our school talent show this year? —Peter was, I think. A.popular B.more popular C.the most popular D.most popular 11._ we climb, _ we’ll feel. A.The higher; the colder B.Higher; colder C.The more; the more D.The higher; the more cold 12.It is quite difficult to make everyone _. A.satisfy B.satisfied C.satisfying D.to satisfy 13.Though _, they went on working in order to finish the task on time. A.are tired B.they tired C.tiring D.tired 14.He wanted to read more, so he asked his friend if there was _ to read. A.something easy enough B.something enough easy C.enough easy something D.easy enough something 15.Pudong International Airport is one of airports in the world. A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.the biggest 16.You are so _! I could never make my own clothes. A.create B.creative C.creation D.creatively 17.In the TV series, the teacher, Philip Beadle, got some “unteachable” students _ in learning with his unconventional teaching approaches. A.interest B.interesting C.interested D.interests 18.The wallet was returned to him without anything _. A.missed B.to be missed C.missing D.to miss 19.The teacher is _ to give us another quiz this week. A.likely B.possibly C.probably D.perhaps 20._ the twins waited all night outside the ward (病房), hoping to see their _ father recover. A.Worrying; injuring B.Worrying; injured C.Worried; injured D.Worried; injuring 21._ in green uniforms, these high school students are receiving military training on the playground. A.Dressed B.To dress C.Dressing D.Having dressed 22.Yesterday our principle made such an _ speech that we all felt _ . A.inspiring, exciting B.inspired, exciting C.inspired, excited D.inspiring, excited 23.During my senior school life, I will keep practicing until I become confident enough _ the _matters. A.to challenge; challenging B.challenged; challenging C.challenging; to challenge D.to challenge; challenged 24.We can conclude from his look that he is about this problem. A.annoyed, annoyed, annoying B.annoying, annoying, annoyed C.annoying, annoyed, annoying D.annoyed, annoying, annoyed 25.He was _ with the results of the exam, which can be seen from his _ smile. A.satisfied, satisfying B.satisfying, satisfied C.satisfied, satisfied D.satisfying, satisfying 二、语法填空 26.Just with several clicks on the online shopping platform, we can (convenience) buy the products and get them delivered. 27.Landing on the moon’s far side is (extreme) difficult. 28.The sighting of a snowy owl in this region is (usual), indicating a possible range expansion. 29.Upon detecting an injured eagle, the park ranger (immediate) called for veterinary assistance. 30.These exercises let your heart rate increase and reduce (gradual), but not suddenly. 31.In striking contrast to his elder brother, Henry always seems (energy). 32.The more time you spend in any given country, the (comfortable) you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. 33.From the English side, we have (science) reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. 34.As a child, he showed great interest in and wanted to be a . Now he is committed to doing researches. (science) 35.By sharing so many (photo) over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even (wide) interest around the world in China’s ancient history, culture and (tradition). 36.The themes of (tradition) fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. 37.We should pass down our ancient and cultures, such as foods during the Spring Festival.(tradition) 38.When we finally arrived, we sat in a (crowd) waiting room. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39.At first sight, the overall scene of life in the capital city appears peaceful, and (cheer). However, some critics suggest that on closer inspection, the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems. 40.Our motherland is getting more and more (power).This is why we can get protection whenever we run into danger abroad. 【能力提升】 一、短文填空 阅读下面短文,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 A China is a nation of tea. The country’s history of tea is almost as long as the history of China 1 (it). Chinese people started appreciating tea about 5,000 years ago. Originally, tea 2 (value) for its medicinal qualities. It has long been known that tea aids in digestion, 3 is why many Chinese people commonly enjoy it during or after their meal. But tea is more than just an addition to a meal. It has become a part of the country’s daily life and even important traditions—and is 4 (true) rooted as an essential aspect of Chinese culture. 5 all the types of tea, green tea produced before Tomb Sweeping Day in early April is especially popular in China. This is believed 6 (be) the best time for green tea, because insects have not yet appeared from the soil. Green tea is not processed 7 it keeps the original color of the tea leaves. Green tea also has a close 8 (connect) with Tomb Sweeping Day. During Tomb Sweeping Day, many families in the south of China continue the tradition of offering tea to their ancestors, 9 (show) respect and remembrance. Now as the nation embraces Tomb Sweeping Day, tea gardens in China are also open for those eager 10 (experience) tea-related traditions and culture—like the Dingxin tea garden in Southwest China’s Chongqing. B Can you imagine traveling around the world but not taking any planes? Torbjorn Pedersen, a Danish traveler, spent nearly 10 years visiting every country 11 taking any planes. In 2013, he read an article about someone that had visited all the countries. Mr Pedersen realized he could set a record by doing something similar. He made a few 12 (rule): no flying, no visiting home. He hoped that he could live on about $20 a day and spend at least 24 hours 13 (stay) in every country. The first part of his trip was pretty easy and he traveled 14 (happy). But a she moved on, things began to get much 15 (hard). Once he was in a dangerous situation and though he might lose his life. 16 he also had many good experiences. He got a lot of help from people all over the world, 17 he didn’t give upon the halfway. “You might have to try 1,000 closed doors,” he said, “but there is always 18 open door somewhere. Never, ever give up and always believe in 19 (you).” Finally, in May 2023, Mr. Pedersen arrived in Maldives, the last country on his list. In July, Mr. Pedersen 20 (return) to his country. Now, Mr. Pedersen is enjoying his quiet time to think about his trip. After that, he plans to write a book and share what he learned in his travels around the world. 二、阅读理解 A Fun Cooking Children aged 6 to 10 can learn to make healthy hamburgers. And children aged 10 to 12 can learn to make delicious cakes. Price: $35 Time: every Wednesday (2:00 p.m — 5:00 p.m) in August Place: Little Cook School Clay Craft This two-hour course teaches children to make gifts by using clay. It is really interesting. For children aged 6 to 12. Price: $20 Time: every Friday (l:00 p.m. — 3:00 p.m.) in July Place: Art Center Wonder Dancing Children can learn different kinds of dances, such as jazz or ballet from great teachers. For children aged 10 to 12. Price: $60 for four lessons Time: every Thursday (3:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m) in July Place: Emma Workshop (工作室) 1.When does Little Cook School offer classes? A.Every Thursday in July. B.Every Wednesday in August. C.Every Friday in July. D.Every Friday in August. 2.Where can children make gifts by themselves? A.At Little Cook School. B.At Art Workshop. C.At Emma Workshop. D.At Art Center. 3.How much does one dance lesson cost? A.$15. B.$20. C.$60. D.$240. B The northern lights are an awesome natural phenomenon and most visible from October to April. You needn’t go to the Nordic countries close to the Aretic Circle. Here are places that offer you this spectacular night show as well. Iceland Iceland provides some of the best opportunities to witness the northern lights. They are typically visible from September to April, coinciding (同时发生) with dark, clear nights, though there is a chance that you may spot them in early spring. The peak viewing season, however, is from November to early March, when the nights are the longest. Yukon Territory. Canada This remote area of Canada has many spots to view the northern lights shining in the night sky. One of the best places to view the lights and learn about how the northern light s came into being as well as the folk stories about this gift from Mother Nature, is the Northern Lights Space and Science Center in Watson Lake. Fairbanks. Alaska The city lies directly beneath a band of northern light s activity so it is a perfect spot to view the phenomenon. The shining lights are most frequently seen between 11 pm and 2 am, so don’t forget to set your alarm clock. You can enjoy a stay in a hot springs resort (度假胜地) and enjoy the show while taking a relaxing bath. Swedish & Finnish Lapland Rovaniemi in Finnish Lapland is the home of Santa, making it a great place to take a family vacation. There are plenty of daytime activities including sledding (滑雪橇), ice fishing, and learning about the unique culture of Rovaniemi. Santa Claus Village in Lapland is a popular place to cross the Aretic Circle: here the line is marked, and you can even get a certificate confirming the achievement. 4.When is the best time for visitors to view the northern nights in Iceland? A.In early spring. B.From September to April. C.From November to early March. D.From October to April. 5.Which is recommended if one wants to learn scientific knowledge of the northern lights? A.Iceland. B.Yukon Territory, Canada. C.Fairbanks, Alaska. D.Swedish & Finnish Lapland. 6.What can visitors do in Swedish & Finnish Lapland? A.Enjoy daytime activities for free. B.Take a bath in hot springs. C.Explore Rovaniemi’s ancient villages. D.Get a certificate of crossing the Arctic Circle. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究! 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语初升高衔接教案 专题2：形容词和副词（解析版） 【课前小测】 单项选择 1．The ______ fruit you eat, the ______ you are. A．many; healthy B．more; healthier C．much; healthier D．most; healthiest 【答案】B 【详解】考查固定结构。句意：你吃的水果越多，你就越健康。此句为固定句型“the + 比较级...，the + 比较级...”，意思是“越……，就越……”。这个结构用来表达两个事物之间的正比关系。此句表达的意思是“你吃的水果越多，你就越健康”。第一空需要使用more，more fruit表示“更多的水果”；第一空需要使用healthier作为healthy的比较级，表示“更健康的”。故选B。 2．After a long walk in the sun, they wanted to drink ______. A．cold something B．something cold C．anything cold D．cold anything 【答案】B 【详解】考查不定代词和定语后置。句意：在太阳下走了很长一段路之后，他们想喝点冷饮。something某事，某物，通常用于肯定句中；anything任何事物，通常用于否定句中。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰不定代词，形容词应位于不定代词之后，且该句为肯定句，所以此处应使用something。故选B项。 3．For________ information on healthy eating, you can visit our website. A．farther B．further C．furthest D．farthest 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词。句意：欲知更多有关健康饮食的资料，请浏览我们的网页。A. farther更远的；B. further进一步的；C. furthest最远的；D. farthest最远的。表示“进一步信息”短语为further information。故选B。 4．Balanced diets are just as ________ as regular exercise in our daily life. A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词的比较等级。句意：在我们的日常生活中，均衡的饮食和规律的锻炼一样重要。as...as意为“和……一样……”，此处应用形容词或副词的原级。故选A。 5．—What did the doctor tell you? —He told me to eat ________ meat and take ________ exercise and have a healthy life. A．more; less B．less; more C．more; fewer D．less; less 【答案】B 【详解】考查比较级。句意：——医生怎么跟你说的？——他告诉我要少吃肉，多运动，过健康的生活。根据“and have a healthy life”可知，此处是指少吃肉，多运动，比较级more意为“更多的”，less意为“更少的”。故选B。 6．Choose the correct adverbial phrase to complete the sentence: She walked ________ down the street. A．slowly B．slow C．slowness D．slow down 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词。句意：她慢慢地走在街上。A. slowly缓慢地，副词；B. slow缓慢的，形容词；C. slowness缓慢，迟缓，名词；D. slow down放慢，减速。空处修饰动词“walked”，应用副词slowly。故选A。 7．Choose the correct adverbial phrase to complete the sentence: He spoke ________ during the meeting. A．fluently B．fluent C．fluency D．fluently spoken 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词。句意：选择正确的状语短语完成句子：他在会议上讲得很流利。A. fluently流利地；B. fluent流利的；C. fluency流利；D.fluently spoken流利地说 。分析句子，句中使用副词作状语。故选A。 8．Choose the correct adverbial phrase to complete the sentence: She ran ________ to catch the bus. A．quickly B．quick C．quickness D．quicken 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词。句意：她飞快地跑去赶公共汽车。修饰动词ran应用副词quickly，意为“飞快地，迅速地”。故选A项。 9．Choose the correct adjective phrase to complete the sentence: The movie was ________. A．very exciting B．excitingly C．excitement D．excitedly 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这部电影非常激动人心。根据The movie was可知，The movie指事物，应用动词-ing形式的形容词exciting，作表语。故选A项。 10．Why is _______ leader like him supported by ________few workers? A．such an honest ; so B．so honest an ; such C．such a honest; so D．so honest a ;such 【答案】A 【详解】考查副词。句意：为什么像他这样诚实的领导只有那么几个工人支持？such+a/an+形容词+名词=so+形容词+a/an+名词，意为“如此……的……”，honest是元音音素开头，前面用an，因此C选项错误；leader是辅音音素开头，因此B选项错误；“so few+名词”意为“如此少的……”，因此第二空是so，故选A。 11．—How are you today? Do you still have a fever? —No, I feel _____. A．worse B．better C．the worst D．the best 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和比较级。句意：——你今天感觉还好吗？你还在发烧吗？——不，我感觉好多了。A. worse更差的；B. better更好的；C. the worst最差的；D. the best最好的。此处将今天与昨天的情况进行对比，使用形容词比较级，排除C项和D项；结合“Do you still have a fever?”和“No”可知，此处表示感觉更好了。故选B。 12．The big flood suddenly hit that area. ______, thousands of people became homeless A．As a result B．As a result of which C．As a result of D．In consequence of 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：大洪水突然袭击了那个地区。结果成千上万的人无家可归。分许句子结构可知，空处需要固定短语as a result“结果”，符合语境，在句中作状语。B项中多出一个which，形式不正确。C项中的as a result of意为“由于……”，后面接名词。D项中的in consequence of意为“由于”，后面加名词。B、C和D项均不正确。故选A。 13．She the result of the experiment and didn’t know what to do. A．amazed at B．was amazed with C．was amazed at D．was amazing at 【答案】C 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她对实验的结果感到惊讶，不知道该怎么办。be amazed at是固定短语，意为“对……感到惊讶”，一般情况下是-ed形容词修饰人，-ing形容词修饰物，并且没有amaze at、be amazed with和be amazing at的搭配。故选C。 14．Linda speaks and all of us believe she will win the contest. A．good enough B．well enough C．enough good D．enough well 【答案】B 【详解】考查副词。句意：琳达说得很好，我们都相信她会赢得比赛。修饰动词speak应用副词well，enough“足够”修饰副词时放在副词之后，故选B。 15．It is____________ that some junior high school students are addicted____________ computer games. A．annoying, in B．annoyed, to C．annoying, to D．annoyed, in 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词和固定短语。句意：一些初中生沉迷于电脑游戏是令人恼怒的。分析句子，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，即后面的事实为“事”，故使用annoying作表语，意为“烦人的，令人恼怒的”，annoyed意为“使人感到恼怒的”，常用于修饰人；第二空中be addicted to意为“对……上瘾，沉迷于……”。故选C。 【知识对接】 接点1形容词 1.成分 成分 例句 定语 One of the most common languages used to create web pages is called HTML. Who is the greatest woman writer alive in the world? 表语 After getting her hair cut, she looked even more beautiful. 宾语补足语 With the window open, many things in the shop were stolen at night. 状语 The bird fell onto the ground, dead. 2.比较级和最高级 形容词比较级、最高级的变化规则如下表： 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节形容词在词尾加-er/-est high few higher fewer highest fewest 以字母e结尾的形容词在词尾加-r/-st large wide larger wider largest widest 以重读闭音节结尾的形容词，末尾只有一个元音字母加一个辅 音字母结尾，应先双写该辅音字母，然后加-er/-est thin big hot thinner bigger hotter thinnest biggest hottest 以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，须先将y变成i,然后加-er/-est happy funny happier funnier happiest funniest 多音节形容词前加more 变比较级；加most变最高级 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful 部分形容词比较级、最高级的不规则变化如下表： 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 接点2副词 1.成分 副词的类型 例词 时间副词 soon, now, early, finally, recently 地点副词 here, nearby, outside, upwards, above 方式副词 hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, carefully 程度副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather 频度副词 always, often, frequently, seldom, never 疑问副词 how, where, when, why 连接副词 how, when, where, why, however, meanwhile 关系副词 when, where, why (1)作状语 We should listen to the teachers carefully in class.我们在课堂上应该仔细听讲。(修饰动词) You are quite right.你相当正确。(修饰形容词) He parked the car very easily.他很容易地把汽车停放好了。(修饰副词) I usually go to school at 6:40 in the morning.我通常在早上6点40分去上学。(修饰整个句子) (2)作表语 作表语的副词多数是表示位置的，如in、out、on、back、down、up、off、away、upstairs. He is in.他在家。 I must be off now.我现在必须走了。 (3)作宾语补足语 Let them in.让他们进来。 We saw her off two days ago.两天前我们为她送行。 (4)作定语 有时少数地点副词和时间副词可以作定语，放在所修饰词的后面。 People there used to drink or use the water in the river.那儿的人过去常饮用那条河里的水。 People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.现在的人经常在饭店里吃节日晚宴。 【注意】副词作定语时和介词短语作定语一样，一律后置。 2.副词在句中的位置 (1)在形容词之前。 It's extremely hot today.今天很热。 Wind is a kind of environmentally friendly energy,风是一种环保能源。 (2)在be动词、助动词之后。 I'm terribly sorry for what I have done to you,我为对你做过的事感到非常抱歉。 (3)地点副词、时间副词和方式副词一般放在句末。 I'll wait for you here.我将在这儿等你。(地点副词) I'll see him off at the station tomorrow.明天我将去车站为他送行。(时间副词) The boy wrote the homework quickly.这个男孩快速地写作业。(方式副词) 有时为了强调时间，也可把时间副词放在句首。 Recently, the students all performed well here.最近，这些学生在这里都表现很好。 (4)频度副词在句子中的位置有以下两种： ①在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后。 She is always kind to us.她对我们总是很友好。(be动词之后) I can never forget the day.我永远也不会忘记这一天。(情态动词之后) The work has never been done.这项工作从未完成过。(助动词之后) ②在实义动词之前。 He often goes to school late.他经常上学迟到。 3.副词的比较级和最高级 (1)副词比较级和最高级的变化规则与形容词基本上一样。 hard-harder-hardest fast-faster-fastest early-earlier-earliest (2)部分副词比较级、最高级的不规则变化 如下： well-better-best much-more-most badly-worse-worst little-less--least (3)以后缀-ly结尾的副词其前加more变比较级，加most变最高级，如： quick-more quickly-most quickly quietly-more quietly-most quietly 【注意】early中的-ly不是后缀，故可以把y变i再加-er/-est. 4.副词的排列顺序 (1)时间、地点副词，小单位在前，大单位在后。 Let's go to the park at 8:30 tomorrow morning.让我们明天早上八点半去公园。 (2)方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully.请慢慢地、仔细地写。 (3)同一个句子中出现多个不同副词时的排列：程度、地点、方式、时间副词。 【注意】 (1)副词very可以修饰形容词、副词，但不能修饰动词。 (误)I very like English. (正)I like English very much. (2)副词enough要放在形容词、副词的后面，形容词enough常放在名词前。 I don't know him well enough.我对他不够了解。 There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供大家吃。 5.副词的构成 (1)除了often、seldom、always、already、ever、fast、straight等副词外，一般情况下，形容词在末尾加上-ly就成了副词。一些以-l结尾的形容词变副词时不能直接加-y,也应加-ly. slow-slowly quick-quickly clear-clearly obvious-obviously physical-physically mental-mentally peaceful-peacefully (2)少数以-le结尾的形容词变副词时，-le直接换成-ly. terrible-terribly gentle-gently comfortable-comfortably (3)下列以-ly结尾的词多用作形容词。 friendly, deadly, lovely, lively, likely, lonely, weekly, monthly, orderly 6.come、go、get、arrive等动词加副词构成的常见短语 drive downtown驾车去市区 go upstairs 上楼 come downstairs 下楼 live abroad 住在国外 stay indoors 待在室内 play outdoors 在户外玩 go home 回家 get there 到那儿 arrive here 到这儿 【难点突破】 突破1形容词与副词的用法 1.可以修饰形容词或副词原级的词有very、quite、so、too. He is too tired to walk on.他太累了而不能再继续走了。 My brother runs so fast that I can't follow him.我弟弟跑得如此快以至于我跟不上他。 2.含有as...as(与······一样)的原级表达句式。 Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。 He is twice as old as his nephew.他的年龄是他侄子的两倍。 Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。 3.最高级表示三者及三者以上事物间的比较，常与of、in连用。 The Yangtze River is the longest river in China,长江是中国最长的河流。→The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China,长江比中国其他任何一条河流都长。 4.“比较级＋and+比较级”表示“越来越······”。 He is getting taller and taller.他长得越来越高了。 The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。 5.“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越······就越······”。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you'll make.你越认真，你犯的错误就越少。 6.可以修饰比较级的词有much、a lot、a great deal、far、a little、a bit、even、still、any. Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆看起来比以前更年轻。 This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆快得多。 She drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车比她丈夫还小心。 突破2形容词修饰不定代词 当形容词修饰不定代词 something、anything、nothing、everything时，形容词要后置。 Do you have anything interesting to tell us all today?今天你有什么有趣的事情跟我们大家说说吗？ Take it easy. There is nothing serious with your disease, which is just a cold.别紧张，你的病无大碍，只是感冒而已。 突破3同源形容词的区别 在英语中某些词变成形容词时有两种或两种以上的形式，它们词形相近，但词义不同，容易用错。 v-ing 表示特征 v-ed表示心理感受 frightening 令人恐惧的 frightened 害怕的 boring 令人厌烦的 bored厌烦的 annoying 令人生气的 annoyed 恼怒的 exciting 令人兴奋的 excited 兴奋的 【达标训练】 一、单项选择 1．What seemed most ________ to me was that no one thought of his own safety. A．surprised B．surprise C．surprising D．to surprise 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词。句意：最令我惊讶的是，没有人考虑到自己的安全。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词surprising“令人吃惊的”在what引导的主语从句中作表语，surprised“感到吃惊的”不符合语意。故选C项。 2．_______ is the Incas’ dry stones method of building. A．Especial amazing B．Especially amazed C．Especially amazement D．Especially amazing 【答案】D 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：尤其令人惊叹的是印加人的干石建筑方法。分析可知，此处为表语前置的完全倒装，主语为 the Incas’ dry stones method of building，应用形容词amazing；副词Especially 修饰形容词，故选D。 3．It’s that we didn’t know about schedule before, and the information was . A．annoying; confused B．annoyed; confused C．annoying; confusing D．annoyed; confusing 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词作表语。句意：很烦人，我们之前不知道日程安排，信息很混乱。情感形容词annoying意为“令人恼火的”，通常用物作主语或修饰物；annoyed意为“感到烦恼的”通常用人作主语或修饰人；confusing“令人困惑的”，通常用物作主语或修饰物；confused“感到困惑的”通常用人作主语或修饰人。并列连词and前面是复合句，含that引导的主语从句，其中it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语，be动词后面用形容词annoying作表语，所以第一空填annoying；and后面的主语是the information，指物，be动词was后面用形容词confusing作表语。故选C。 4．This kind of cloth feels __________ and sells __________. A．softly; nice B．soft; good C．soft; well D．soft; nice 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词和副词辨析。句意：这种布料摸起来很软，并且卖的很好。第一空feel是系动词，后面要跟形容词，排除A；第二空是sell作谓语，应用副词well，sell well意为“卖的很好”。故选C。 5．— The weather is very hot these days. — Yeah. The temperature in July and August is even . A．high B．higher C．the highest 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：——这些天天气很热。——是的。七月和八月的温度甚至更高。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作表语，根据语境以及空前的even修饰比较级可知，此处应使用形容词的比较级，表示“七月和八月温度比这些天更高”，所以应为higher。故选B项。 6．ChatGPT can make a plan ________ than we do. A．much quickly B．more quick C．even quick D．far more quickly 【答案】D 【详解】考查副词比较级。句意：ChatGPT可以比我们更快地制定计划。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词make，根据空后的than可知，此处应使用副词的比较级more quickly。故选D项。 7．Dr. Yuan Longping had a dream that he could develop rice as ________ as peanuts (花生). A．large B．largest C．larger D．the largest 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词。句意：袁隆平有一个梦想，他能培育出像花生一样大的水稻。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作后置定语修饰rice，as…as中间要加形容词或副词原级。故选A项。 8．Nothing is ______ than a glass of water when you are thirsty. A．nice B．nicer C．nicest D．the nicest 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：当你口渴的时候，没有什么比一杯水更好的了。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作表语，根据空后的than可知，此处应使用形容词的比较级，nice意为“好的”，其比较级为nicer。故选B项。 9．—Did you read ________ in today’s newspaper? —Yes, I did. It’s fun. A．anything interesting B．something interested C．interesting anything D．interested something 【答案】A 【详解】考查不定代词和形容词。句意：——你在今天的报纸上读到什么有趣的东西了吗？——是的，我读到了。确实很有趣。分析句子结构和意思可知，本句是一般疑问句，用不定代词anything，作宾语；表示“有趣的”修饰不定代词，用interesting，放在不定代词后面。故选A。 10．—Who do you think was ________ student in our school talent show this year? —Peter was, I think. A．popular B．more popular C．the most popular D．most popular 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：--你认为谁是今年我们学校才艺表演中最受欢迎的学生？--我想，是彼得。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格后面有表示范围的介词短语in our school talent show this year，所以这是问表现最好的学生，用最高级，popular是多音节形容词，前面加the most变成最高级形式。故选C。 11．______ we climb, ______ we’ll feel. A．The higher; the colder B．Higher; colder C．The more; the more D．The higher; the more cold 【答案】A 【详解】考查固定搭配和比较级。句意：我们爬得越高，感觉越冷。“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定搭配，意为“越……越……”，根据常理，句子表示“我们爬得越高，感觉越冷”，因此第一空是“更高的”，第二空是“更冷的”，故选A。 12．It is quite difficult to make everyone ________. A．satisfy B．satisfied C．satisfying D．to satisfy 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让每个人都满意很难。A. satisfy动词，使满意；B. satisfied满意的，常修饰人的感情；C. satisfying令人满意的，常修饰物；D. to satisfy为了满足。此处为make+宾补+宾补结构，且宾语为everyone，应用-ed结尾形容词satisfied，作宾补。故选B。 13．Though ________, they went on working in order to finish the task on time. A．are tired B．they tired C．tiring D．tired 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：尽管很累，他们还是继续工作，以便按时完成任务。though引导的状语从句的省略，省略主语和be动词，完整结构表示“他们感到累”用though they were tired，故选D。 14．He wanted to read more, so he asked his friend if there was ________ to read. A．something easy enough B．something enough easy C．enough easy something D．easy enough something 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词。句意： 他想做更多阅读，所以他问他的朋友是否有一些足够容易的东西来读。形容词修饰代词修饰时要放在其他词前面；enough足够，用来修饰形容词easy，放在形容词后面，故选A。 15．Pudong International Airport is one of airports in the world. A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：浦东国际机场是世界最大的机场之一。分析句子结构和意思可知，句子有in the world作状语，表示比较的范围，所以形容词big用最高级形式，修饰后面的名词airports，表示“世界最大的机场之一”，故选D。 16．You are so ______! I could never make my own clothes. A．create B．creative C．creation D．creatively 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你太有创意了，我从来都不会自己做衣服。A. create创造，创作，创建；B. creative创造（性）的，有创造力的；C. creation创造，创建，作品；D. creatively创造性地，有创造力地。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作表语，结合空前副词so可知，设空处应填形容词，creative“有创造力的，有创意的”为形容词，符合句意。故选B。 17．In the TV series, the teacher, Philip Beadle, got some “unteachable” students ________ in learning with his unconventional teaching approaches. A．interest B．interesting C．interested D．interests 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在这部电视剧中，老师菲利普·比德尔(Philip Beadle)用他非常规的教学方法让一些“不可教”的学生对学习感兴趣。get sb. interested in sth.使某人对……感兴趣，形容词interested在句中作宾语补足语。故选C。 18．The wallet was returned to him without anything ________. A．missed B．to be missed C．missing D．to miss 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词。句意：钱包还给他了，没丢任何东西。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词作不定代词anything的补语，missing，意为“丢失的，不见的”，符合句意。故选C。 19．The teacher is ______ to give us another quiz this week. A．likely B．possibly C．probably D．perhaps 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词、副词词义辨析。句意：这周老师可能会再给我们一次测验。A. likely可能的； B. possibly可能，副词； C. probably大概，副词；D. perhaps也许，副词。系动词be后用形容词，作表语，be likely to do表示可能做。故选A。 20．__________ the twins waited all night outside the ward (病房), hoping to see their __________ father recover. A．Worrying; injuring B．Worrying; injured C．Worried; injured D．Worried; injuring 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词。句意：忧心忡忡的双胞胎在病房外等了一整夜，希望看到受伤的父亲康复。第一空用形容词作状语，表示双胞胎是担忧的，表示人的感受，用worried，意为“担忧的”；第二空意为“受伤的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词father，是injured。故选C。 21．_______ in green uniforms, these high school students are receiving military training on the playground. A．Dressed B．To dress C．Dressing D．Having dressed 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词。句意：身着绿色制服的高中生们正在操场上接受军训。be dressed in意为“穿着”，因此空格处用形容词dressed作状语，表状态，故选A。 22．Yesterday our principle made such an _______ speech that we all felt _______ . A．inspiring, exciting B．inspired, exciting C．inspired, excited D．inspiring, excited 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词V-ing和v-ed的区别。句意：昨天我们校长做了一个鼓舞人心的演讲，我们都感到很兴奋。修饰speech，用inspring，人的感受用exctied。故选D项。 23．During my senior school life, I will keep practicing until I become confident enough ________ the ________matters. A．to challenge; challenging B．challenged; challenging C．challenging; to challenge D．to challenge; challenged 【答案】A 【详解】考查不定式和形容词。句意：在我的高中生活中，我会不断练习，直到我有足够的信心去挑战具有挑战性的事情。形容词/副词+enough+to do为固定搭配，不定式作结果状语，所以空1填to challenge；空2为形容词作定语修饰名词matters，表示“具有挑战性的”，故选。 24．We can conclude from his look that he is about this problem. A．annoyed, annoyed, annoying B．annoying, annoying, annoyed C．annoying, annoyed, annoying D．annoyed, annoying, annoyed 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们可以从他恼怒的表情中得出结论，他对这个恼人的问题感到恼火。分析可知，空1是修饰表情，表示恼人的，应用annoyed；短语be annoyed about，意为“对……感到恼火”，所以空2应填annoyed；第3个空表示令人生气的，应用annoying，故选A。 25．He was ______ with the results of the exam, which can be seen from his ______ smile. A．satisfied, satisfying B．satisfying, satisfied C．satisfied, satisfied D．satisfying, satisfying 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他对考试的结果很满意，这从他满意的微笑中可以看出。第一空作表语，修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词satisfied；第二空说明人的心理活动应用-ed结尾形容词satisfied；satisfying表示“令人满意的”，用于修饰物。故选C。 二、语法填空 26．Just with several clicks on the online shopping platform, we can (convenience) buy the products and get them delivered. 【答案】conveniently 【详解】考查副词。句意：只需在网上购物平台上点击几下，我们就可以方便地购买产品并获得送货服务。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词，convenience对应的副词应为conveniently意为“方便地”符合句意。故填conveniently。 27．Landing on the moon’s far side is (extreme) difficult. 【答案】extremely 【详解】考查副词。句意：登陆月球背面是极其困难的。分析可知，空处应为副词作状语修饰形容词difficult，故填extremely。 28．The sighting of a snowy owl in this region is (usual), indicating a possible range expansion. 【答案】unusual 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在这个地区发现雪鸮是不常见的，这表明其可能正在扩大活动范围。分析句子结构可知，空处需要形容词作表语。根据句意可知，这个地区发现雪鸮是不常见的。usual为形容词“惯常的”，其反义词为unusual“不寻常的”，符合语境。故填unusual。 29．Upon detecting an injured eagle, the park ranger (immediate) called for veterinary assistance. 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查副词。句意：在发现一只受伤的鹰后，公园管理员立即呼叫兽医援助。空格处用副词修饰动词called，immediate的副词是immediately，意为“立刻”，故填immediately。 30．These exercises let your heart rate increase and reduce (gradual), but not suddenly. 【答案】gradually 【详解】考查副词。句意：这些运动让你的心率逐渐增加和减少，而不是猛增和猛减。设空处作状语，修饰动词increase和reduce，用副词gradually。故填gradually。 31．In striking contrast to his elder brother, Henry always seems （energy）. 【答案】energetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与他哥哥形成鲜明对比的是，亨利似乎总是精力充沛。seem后用形容词energetic作表语，表示“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。 32．The more time you spend in any given country, the (comfortable) you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. 【答案】more comfortable 【详解】考查固定句型和形容词比较级。句意：你在任何一个国家呆的时间越长，你就会开始对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服。分析句子可知，该句为固定句型“the+比较级..., the+比较级...”表示“越……就越……”，所以此处为形容词比较级形式。故填more comfortable。 33．From the English side, we have (science) reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. 【答案】scientific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在英国方面，我们有科学报告和船长对那可怕的一天的记录。空处修饰名词reports，形容词scientific“科学的”符合题意。故填scientific。 34．As a child, he showed great interest in and wanted to be a . Now he is committed to doing researches. (science) 【答案】 science scientist scientific 【详解】考查名词和形容词。句意：小时候，他对科学表现出极大的兴趣，想成为一名科学家。现在他致力于科学研究。分析句子可知，第一空作介词in的宾语，结合“showed great interest in”可知，名词science符合题意，意为“科学”，是不可数名词；第二空作表语，结合“wanted to be”可知，名词scientist符合题意，意为“科学家”，且空前有a，scientist应用单数形式；第三空作修饰researches的定语，形容词scientific符合题意，意为“科学的”。故填①science；②scientist；③scientific。 35．By sharing so many (photo) over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even (wide) interest around the world in China’s ancient history, culture and (tradition). 【答案】 photos wider traditions 【详解】考查名词复数和形容词比较级。句意：通过在互联网上分享这么多照片，该组织希望能促进世界对中国古代历史、文化和传统的更广泛兴趣。由句意及空①前的so many可知空① 应填名词复数形式，作宾语；由空②前的even可知空②应填形容比较级wider，作定语，修饰名词interest；由空③前的in China’s ancient history，culture and可知空③应填名词复数形式，作宾语。故空①答案为photos，空②答案为wider，空③答案为traditions。 36．The themes of (tradition) fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. 【答案】traditional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：传统寓言的主题通常涉及日常生活中的简单事实。修饰名词fables，需用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。 37．We should pass down our ancient and cultures, such as foods during the Spring Festival.(tradition) 【答案】 traditions traditional 【详解】考查名词、形容词。句意：我们应该传承我们的古老传统和文化，比如春节期间的传统食物。分析第一个空白处，第一个空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，因此处表示的是数目不确定的名词，使用复数；分析第二个空白处，第二个空白处在句子中作定语，使用形容词，tradition为名词，其形容词为：traditional，故填traditions；traditional。 38．When we finally arrived, we sat in a (crowd) waiting room. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】crowded 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我们终于到达时，我们坐在拥挤的等候室里。空处修饰waiting room，表示“拥挤的”用形容词crowded作定语。故填crowded。 39．At first sight, the overall scene of life in the capital city appears peaceful, and (cheer). However, some critics suggest that on closer inspection, the painting actually exposes serious political and social problems. 【答案】cheerful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：乍一看，首都生活的整体景象显得平静、愉快。然而，一些评论家表明，仔细观察，这幅画实际上暴露了严重的政治和社会问题。此处appear为系动词，后跟形容词cheerful，与peaceful并列作表语。故填cheerful。 40．Our motherland is getting more and more (power).This is why we can get protection whenever we run into danger abroad. 【答案】powerful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的祖国越来越强大了。这就是为什么当我们在国外遇到危险时，我们可以得到保护。根据句意以及空前is getting可知，此处为形容词powerful“强大的”作表语，满足句意要求。故填powerful。 【能力提升】 一、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。 A China is a nation of tea. The country’s history of tea is almost as long as the history of China 1 (it). Chinese people started appreciating tea about 5,000 years ago. Originally, tea 2 (value) for its medicinal qualities. It has long been known that tea aids in digestion, 3 is why many Chinese people commonly enjoy it during or after their meal. But tea is more than just an addition to a meal. It has become a part of the country’s daily life and even important traditions—and is 4 (true) rooted as an essential aspect of Chinese culture. 5 all the types of tea, green tea produced before Tomb Sweeping Day in early April is especially popular in China. This is believed 6 (be) the best time for green tea, because insects have not yet appeared from the soil. Green tea is not processed 7 it keeps the original color of the tea leaves. Green tea also has a close 8 (connect) with Tomb Sweeping Day. During Tomb Sweeping Day, many families in the south of China continue the tradition of offering tea to their ancestors, 9 (show) respect and remembrance. Now as the nation embraces Tomb Sweeping Day, tea gardens in China are also open for those eager 10 (experience) tea-related traditions and culture—like the Dingxin tea garden in Southwest China’s Chongqing. 【答案】1．itself 2．was valued 3．which 4．truly 5．Of 6．to be 7．so 8．connection 9．showing 10．to experience 【导语】本文主要讲述了茶文化在中国的发展，以及茶文化与中国传统节日清明节的联系。 1．句意：这个国家饮茶的历史几乎和中国的历史一样长。括号中的it指代的是China，根据“The country’s history of tea is almost as long as the history of China”可知，这里指的是“中国本身的历史”，所以要用反身代词，it的反身代词是itself，故填itself。 2．句意：最初，茶因其药用价值而受到重视。value是动词“重视”；主语“tea”和动词“value”之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”，主语tea是不可数名词，所以be动词用单数is；根据“originally”可知，这里要用一般过去时，所以be动词用was，value的过去分词是valued，故填was valued。 3．句意：众所周知，茶有助于消化，这就是为什么许多中国人通常在饭前或饭后喝茶的原因，分析句子结构可知，该句是个非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，所以关系代词要用which，故填which。 4．句意：它已经成为这个国家日常生活的一部分，甚至是重要的传统，并且真正根植于中国文化的一个重要方面。true是形容词“真正的”；根据“is...rooted”可知，该空需要填一个副词，修饰动词rooted，true的副词是truly，故填truly。 5．句意：在所有的茶中，清明节前生产的绿茶在中国特别受欢迎。根据“all the types of tea, green tea”可知，绿茶属于茶，所以填of，句首首字母大写，故填Of。 6．句意：这被认为是绿茶的最佳时间，因为昆虫还没有从土壤中出现。be believed to be意为“被认为是”，故填to be。 7．句意：绿茶没有被加工，所以保留了茶叶的原始颜色。根据“Green tea is not processed...it keeps the original color of the tea leaves.”可知，前后两句是因果关系，所以要用so连接，故填so。 8．句意：绿茶与清明节也有着密切的联系。根据“Green tea also has a close”可知，形容词修饰名词，所以该空要填一个名词，connect是动词“连接”， 其名词是connection“联系”，该空前有a修饰，所以用单数，故填connection。 9．句意：在清明节期间，中国南方的许多家庭延续了向祖先供茶的传统，以表示尊重和纪念。根据“During Tomb Sweeping Day, many families in the south of China continue the tradition of offering tea to their ancestors, ...respect and remembrance.”可知，该句已经有谓语动词“continue”，所以show只能用非谓语形式，主语“many families”和动词show之间是主动关系，所以要用现在分词showing，故填showing。 10．句意：现在，随着国家拥抱清明节，中国的茶园也为那些渴望体验与茶有关的传统和文化的人开放——比如中国西南部重庆的丁欣茶园。be eager to do sth.意为“渴望做某事”，experience是动词“体验”，故填to experience。 B Can you imagine traveling around the world but not taking any planes? Torbjorn Pedersen, a Danish traveler, spent nearly 10 years visiting every country 11 taking any planes. In 2013, he read an article about someone that had visited all the countries. Mr Pedersen realized he could set a record by doing something similar. He made a few 12 (rule): no flying, no visiting home. He hoped that he could live on about $20 a day and spend at least 24 hours 13 (stay) in every country. The first part of his trip was pretty easy and he traveled 14 (happy). But a she moved on, things began to get much 15 (hard). Once he was in a dangerous situation and though he might lose his life. 16 he also had many good experiences. He got a lot of help from people all over the world, 17 he didn’t give upon the halfway. “You might have to try 1,000 closed doors,” he said, “but there is always 18 open door somewhere. Never, ever give up and always believe in 19 (you).” Finally, in May 2023, Mr. Pedersen arrived in Maldives, the last country on his list. In July, Mr. Pedersen 20 (return) to his country. Now, Mr. Pedersen is enjoying his quiet time to think about his trip. After that, he plans to write a book and share what he learned in his travels around the world. 【答案】11．without 12．rules 13．staying 14．happily 15．harder 16．But 17．so 18．an 19．yourself 20．returned 【导语】本文主要介绍了Torbjorn Pedersen的环球旅行。 11．句意：丹麦旅行家Torbjorn Pedersen花了近10年的时间走遍了每个国家，没有坐过任何飞机。根据下文“no flying”可知，此处指不坐飞机，without“没有”，表否定，后跟动名词作宾语，故填without。 12．句意：定了几条规矩：不坐飞机，不回家。a few修饰可数名词rule，应用其复数形式，故填rules。 13．句意：他希望自己每天能靠20美元左右生活，在每个国家至少待上24小时。spend some time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，空处用stay的动名词作宾语，故填staying。 14．句意：他旅行的第一部分相当轻松，他旅行得很愉快。空处修饰动词traveled，所以用happy的副词形式happily，故填happily。 15．句意：但当她继续前进时，事情开始变得更加困难起来。much修饰比较级，所以空处用hard的比较级harder，故填harder。 16．句意：但是他也有美好的经历。空前空后在句意上是转折关系，所以空处用but连接，句首单词首字母要大写，故填But。 17．句意：他得到了世界各地人们的很多帮助，所以他没有半途而废。空前“得到很多人的帮助”是空后“他没有半途而废”的原因，属于前因后果，所以空处用so连接结果，故选so。 18．句意：但总有一扇门是敞开的。根据“open door ”可知，此处是泛指一扇门，且open首字母发元音音素，所以用an修饰，故填an。 19．句意：永远，永远不要放弃，永远相信自己。根据“always believe in...”可知，主语和宾语是同一人称，所以此处指相信自己，用you的反身代词yourself，故填yourself。 20．句意：7月，彼得森先生返回了他的国家。根据“In July”可知，讲述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处用动词的过去式，故填returned。 二、阅读理解 A Fun Cooking Children aged 6 to 10 can learn to make healthy hamburgers. And children aged 10 to 12 can learn to make delicious cakes. Price: $35 Time: every Wednesday (2:00 p.m — 5:00 p.m) in August Place: Little Cook School Clay Craft This two-hour course teaches children to make gifts by using clay. It is really interesting. For children aged 6 to 12. Price: $20 Time: every Friday (l:00 p.m. — 3:00 p.m.) in July Place: Art Center Wonder Dancing Children can learn different kinds of dances, such as jazz or ballet from great teachers. For children aged 10 to 12. Price: $60 for four lessons Time: every Thursday (3:00 p.m. 5:00 p.m) in July Place: Emma Workshop (工作室) 1．When does Little Cook School offer classes? A．Every Thursday in July. B．Every Wednesday in August. C．Every Friday in July. D．Every Friday in August. 2．Where can children make gifts by themselves? A．At Little Cook School. B．At Art Workshop. C．At Emma Workshop. D．At Art Center. 3．How much does one dance lesson cost? A．$15. B．$20. C．$60. D．$240. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章呈现了三则广告，分别是烹饪课、黏土工艺课和舞蹈课。 1．细节理解题。根据Fun Cooking中“Time: every Wednesday (2:00 p.m—5:00 p.m) in August (时间：8月每周三下午2点至5点)”和“Place: Little Cook School (地点：小烹饪学校)”可知，该学校8月每周三上课。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据Clay Craft中“This two-hour course teaches children to make gifts by using clay. (这个两小时的课程教孩子们用粘土制作礼物。)”和“Place: Art Center (地点：艺术中心)”可知，在艺术中心孩子们可以自己制作礼物。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据Wonder Dancing中“Price: $60 for four lessons (价格：四节课60美元)”可知，每节舞蹈课的费用为15美元（60÷4=15）。故选A项。 B The northern lights are an awesome natural phenomenon and most visible from October to April. You needn’t go to the Nordic countries close to the Aretic Circle. Here are places that offer you this spectacular night show as well. Iceland Iceland provides some of the best opportunities to witness the northern lights. They are typically visible from September to April, coinciding (同时发生) with dark, clear nights, though there is a chance that you may spot them in early spring. The peak viewing season, however, is from November to early March, when the nights are the longest. Yukon Territory. Canada This remote area of Canada has many spots to view the northern lights shining in the night sky. One of the best places to view the lights and learn about how the northern light s came into being as well as the folk stories about this gift from Mother Nature, is the Northern Lights Space and Science Center in Watson Lake. Fairbanks. Alaska The city lies directly beneath a band of northern light s activity so it is a perfect spot to view the phenomenon. The shining lights are most frequently seen between 11 pm and 2 am, so don’t forget to set your alarm clock. You can enjoy a stay in a hot springs resort (度假胜地) and enjoy the show while taking a relaxing bath. Swedish & Finnish Lapland Rovaniemi in Finnish Lapland is the home of Santa, making it a great place to take a family vacation. There are plenty of daytime activities including sledding (滑雪橇), ice fishing, and learning about the unique culture of Rovaniemi. Santa Claus Village in Lapland is a popular place to cross the Aretic Circle: here the line is marked, and you can even get a certificate confirming the achievement. 4．When is the best time for visitors to view the northern nights in Iceland? A．In early spring. B．From September to April. C．From November to early March. D．From October to April. 5．Which is recommended if one wants to learn scientific knowledge of the northern lights? A．Iceland. B．Yukon Territory, Canada. C．Fairbanks, Alaska. D．Swedish & Finnish Lapland. 6．What can visitors do in Swedish & Finnish Lapland? A．Enjoy daytime activities for free. B．Take a bath in hot springs. C．Explore Rovaniemi’s ancient villages. D．Get a certificate of crossing the Arctic Circle. 【答案】4．C 5．B 6．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个可以观看北极光的地方。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The peak viewing season, however, is from November to early March, when the nights are the longest.(然而，观赏旺季是从11月到3月初，此时夜晚最长)”可知，在冰岛观赏北极光的高峰期是从11月到3月初，这是夜晚最长的时候。因此，游客观赏北极光的最佳时间是从11月到3月初。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“One of the best places to view the lights and learn about how the northern light s came into being as well as the folk stories about this gift from Mother Nature, is the Northern Lights Space and Science Center in Watson Lake.(沃森湖的北极光空间与科学中心是观看北极光、了解北极光是如何产生的以及大自然母亲关于这一礼物的民间故事的最佳场所之一)”可知，游客在加拿大的Yukon Territory可以了解到有关北极光的科学知识。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Santa Claus Village in Lapland is a popular place to cross the Aretic Circle: here the line is marked, and you can even get a certificate confirming the achievement.(拉普兰的圣诞老人村是穿越北极圈的热门地点：在这里标出了界线，你甚至可以获得一份证明)”可知，拉普兰的圣诞老人村能够穿越北极圈。游客可以在这获得证明这一壮举的证书。故选D。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$