精品解析：北京市三帆中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中英语试题

北京三帆中学八年级下期中 注意：（1）时间100分钟，满分100分；（2）请将答案填涂填写在答题纸上。 听力理解（共20分） 一、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。（共12分，每题1.5分） 请听一段对话，完成第1至第2小题。 1. What was the boy doing at seven? A. Seeing a movie. B. Watching a cartoon. C. Answering a phone. 2. What is the girl’s favorite cartoon character? A. Patrick. B. Spiderman. C. Sponge Bob. 请听一段对话，完成第3至第4小题。 3. How did the girl feel about camping at the beginning? A. Unhappy. B. Afraid. C. Tired. 4. Which activity did the girl like best? A. Walking. B. Swimming. C. Mountain biking. 请听一段独白，完成第5至第6小题。 5. What does the woman’s brother look like? A. He has fair hair. B. He has brown eyes. C. He is handsome. 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A photo. B. A party. C. A family. 请听一段独白，完成第7至第8小题。 7 What can we know from the message? A. You should call the doctors before 8:30 to make a date. B. The Padley’s shop is far away from the bus stop on High Street. C. The accident department(部) of University Hospital is open all day. 8. What does the message mainly talk about? A. It gives information about a health center. B. It shares the experience of seeing a doctor. C. It introduces a university hospital to us. 二、听短文，将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上。短文你将听两遍。（共8分，每题2分） 9. ________ 10. ________ 11. ________ 12. ________ 知识运用（共20分） 三、单项选择（共10分，每小题1分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Judy is a tall and pretty girl ________ long hair. See if you can find her in our class. A. with B. on C. of D. in 2. I tried some ways to work out the math problem, but ________ of them worked. A. both B. all C. neither D. none 3. —Mum, what are you cooking? It ________ so delicious. Can I try a piece? —It’s roast beef. A. sounds B. feels C. smells D. tastes 4. —________ you ever ________ the Great Wall? —No, but I’m really looking forward to visiting it. A. Have; been to B. Have; gone to C. Has; been to D. Has; gone to 5. —Has Lily finished reading your book ________? —Yes. She has _________ returned it to me. A. yet; yet B. yet; already C. already; yet D. already; already 6. —Tom, let’s go to see the movie You Only Live Once this weekend. —Sorry, I ________ it. I ________ it with my parents yesterday. A. has seen; saw B. have seen; saw C. saw; has seen D. saw; have seen 7. —Tony, please turn down the TV. I ________ a meeting online. —Oh, sorry, Mum. A. have B. had C. am having D. have had 8. The earth is a planet in the solar system, and it ________ around the sun. A. goes B. go C. went D. will go 9. —Where is Lily? I can’t find her. —She has gone to the library, but she ________ back in 30 minutes. A. comes B. came C. will come D. has come 10. I saw Peter in the garden this morning. He ________ his flowers at that moment. A. waters B. is watering C. watered D. was watering 四、完形填空（共10分，每小题1分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Kindness from a Stranger When I was a teenager I got a chance to take part in a school basketball training with my teammates in Germany. However, I got lost during my month-long trip in Berlin and had an unforgettable experience. It happened the night before we went back. The training was over, so my team and I could spend the time in whatever ways we liked. Most of my teammates ____11____ to stay indoors and relax. But I did not want to lose the ___12___ to explore (探索) Berlin. I visited lots of major places of interest around the city that night. When I felt tired, I ____13____ the time on my watch. I was ____14____ to see that it was two o’clock in the morning and I must go back to the hotel immediately! As I walked to a subway station, I realized that it was my dad’s birthday. This would be the first birthday I couldn’t celebrate with him because he passed away a few months earlier. Before I could begin reminiscing (回忆) about my dad, I heard train wheels screeching to a stop (突然停止). Without thinking, I rushed onto it. At first, I was thankful to get onto the train ____15____. But that feeling quickly turned to panic (惊慌) when I noticed that the train ____16____ in the wrong direction (方向)! I looked around the nearly ____17____ car. I only saw a young woman sitting quietly by the window. “Hi. Do you speak English? I’m lost. Can you help me?” I asked. The woman understood. She was trying to explain to me how to return to where I had first got on the train. But my anxious (焦急的) mind couldn’t ____18____ her words. Being worried and afraid, I said, “Can you come with me?” After a long second of hesitation (犹豫), she agreed to help me. On the journey back to the train station, she and I chatted. I told her about my dad’s passing. With a look of surprise, she told me that she had also lost her dad a year ago. We shared our life stories, our heartaches and our ____19____ for the future. At my stop, she thanked me for encouraging her. I couldn’t believe this stranger with the big heart was thanking me! I gave her a hug and thanked her for her _____20_____. 11. A. changed B. decided C. moved D. believed 12. A. practice B. dream C. ability D. chance 13. A. expected B. described C. discovered D. checked 14. A. angry B. surprised C. relaxed D. pleased 15. A. successfully B. usefully C. quietly D. carefully 16. A. headed B. waited C. cared D. warned 17. A. noisy B. full C. empty D. simple 18. A. follow B. invent C. trust D. guide 19. A. conditions B. hopes C. lessons D. projects 20. A. happiness B. kindness C. sadness D. laziness 阅读理解（共36分） 五、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分） A 信息匹配。下面的材料介绍了四种益智玩具。请根据各小题中的图片，找出相应的描述，并将对应的序号填在相应的位置上。 Chinese people have already enjoyed math games and toys for thousands of years. Read and choose the right description (描述) for each picture. A This game has some rings. To win, you must take off all the rings in a special order. For example, to take off the ninth ring, you have to take off the third, fifth, and seventh rings first. B This is named after an old Chinese story. Each piece has a character’s name from the story. To win, you have to move the pieces to free a character named “Cao Cao”. C It’s made of six wooden blocks (块). It’s not easy to get the blocks off, and it’s usually easier to unlock than to put back the blocks together. D It has seven pieces of different shapes. You need to use all the pieces to make a shape. They can create shapes of animals, people, or things. 21 ________ 22. ________ 23. ________ （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 B Maya was a high school student from a small village. When she was a child, Maya had a dream—to become an astronaut and explore (探索) space. However, the people around her all thought it was a joke. Although people didn’t believe she could make it, Maya put all her effort into her studies at school. She read books on astronomy, joined science camps, and looked for guidance from teachers. Maya’s interest in space grew stronger with each passing day, encouraging her to deal with any difficulty in her path. In her final year of high school, an opportunity came—a scholarship (奖学金) would offer a chance to study astrophysics at a famous university. The selection (选拔) was strict, testing students’ knowledge, skills, and ability. Maya tried her best to prepare for it and she spent hours on it every day. When the day of the scholarship interview arrived, Maya faced a group of professors in the field. Nervously, she answered their questions and shared her love for space exploration. Although the interview was challenging, Maya tried her best until the last moment. Weeks turned into months and there weren’t any results. Maya had doubts (怀疑) and uncertainty, but she didn’t let worries stop her journey. Finally, the day of the announcement (公告) arrived. Maya’s heart raced as the names were called one by one. As the last name was reported, Maya’s heart broke—it wasn’t hers. She failed! Although she was disappointed, Maya continued to explore other opportunities in the field of space exploration. Years passed, and Maya’s perseverance (坚持) paid off. She attracted the attention of a famous astronaut who guided her on a new journey. Maya got hands-on experience, took part in research projects, and lost herself in the world of space exploration. She finally made her childhood dream come true. 24. What did people around Maya think of her dream? A. Funny. B. Impossible. C. Meaningful. D. Awful. 25. What did Maya do after she lost the chance in the selection? A. She kept reading books on astronomy. B. She answered questions in an interview. C. She doubted the results of the announcement. D. She continued to explore other opportunities. 26. What can we learn from Maya’s story? A. Opportunity waits for no man. B. Two heads are better than one. C. Perseverance is the key to success. D. Don’t waste life in doubts and fears. C As we know, diseases such as colds or flu can move from one person to another. But do you know that feelings, like being stressed (压力), can be passed on too? Sometimes we feel very busy and stressed not only because of our own work but also because of the feelings and problems of people we are close to. The psychologist Stephanie Preston from the University of Michigan led his team to design a study. They wanted to check if stress was passed on. In the study, people were asked to give a speech to a group of watchers. Those watchers didn’t show any feelings during the speech. That made the speakers even more stressed than if they got bad comments (评价). After a while, even the researchers started feeling stressed from just watching the speeches. This made them curious, so they decided to study more. They looked at spit samples (唾液样本) to see the stress hormone—cortisol (皮质醇激素). While speakers were stressed and had a lot of cortisol, watchers were stressed too and had a lot of cortisol as well. They named this effect (效果) “physiological resonance”. It means the speakers’ stress was passed on to the watchers. Though they prove that stress can move from one person to another, there is still one question. Studies have looked into the speakers’ voices and faces, but they haven’t figured out how someone’s behavior causes another’s stress. When we talk or hang out with other people, we notice different signs showing their feelings. Those help us know if there’s something wrong around us. If our neighbor seems stressed, we should watch out as it might affect (影响) us too. This ability to sense stress comes from our long history of living in groups. It is not just humans who do this; animals can also tell when others around them are stressed. For example, if a deer senses stress in its pack, it may run away to avoid (避免) danger. So quickly spotting (发现) stress in others can help us. It keeps us away from problems before they get worse. 27. How did Preston’s team find that stress could move from one person to another? A. By looking at faces. B. By listening to voices. C. By talking about feelings. D. By checking cortisol in spit. 28 What can we learn from the passage? A. People feel stressed only because of their own work. B. Only humans can sense when someone else is stressed. C. Researchers feel stressed when preparing for the research. D. Noticing stress in others early may help us avoid trouble. 29. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Can Stress Help Us Avoid Trouble? B. Can Stress Move from One to Another? C. How Does Action Cause Others’ Stress? D. How to Give A Speech without Stress? D Have you ever had the following experiences? You are trying to focus on your homework while chatting with your friend online at the same time; or maybe you are attending a lecture while also reading a book that you have brought along…If the answer is YES, well, you are “multitasking”. Multitasking means dealing with more than one task at the same time or switching (转换) between tasks quickly. While it seems like an efficient (效率高的) way to get more things done in less time, studies suggest our brains might not be as good at multitasking as we think. Firstly, multitasking can make us less focused and lower the quality (质量) of our work. When multitasking, our attention gets split (分开，分散). This means we might make more mistakes and not do our jobs very well. For example, studying while chatting online can make it harder to understand or remember what you’re learning; meanwhile, you probably won’t be able to fully enjoy that pleasant conversation either. Besides, we tend to work less efficiently when multitasking. Studies have shown that it takes our brains more time to switch between tasks, which contradicts the belief that multitasking saves time. Experts call it “task switch costs”. We meet “task switch costs” because of the increased mental demand (脑力需求) as our mind jumps from one thing to another. Lastly, multitasking may hurt people’s health, both physically and mentally. For teenagers, their brains are busy forming important neural (神经的) connections. Splitting attention too often might have a serious, long-term, negative influence on how these connections form. Moreover, it could lead to anxiety and a feeling of being constantly behind. However, does it mean we should never ever try multitasking? The good news is, some forms of multitasking are easier to realize than others, and here are some suggestions on how to choose the right tasks for multitasking: Try pairing up complex (difficult thus needs full attention and effort) and automatic (done witho7ut thinking) tasks: For example, you can think about a to-do list (complex) while jogging outdoors (automatic), for the latter doesn’t need much mental power. It’s also a good idea to rank (分等级) tasks based on levels of importance first. Don’t choose very important ones to multitask; instead, try those that don’t need so much attention. Save your focused attention for tasks that matter most. Knowing your limits (极限) is also necessary. People are different, so you should know your own mental and physical limits when multitasking. If you find the quality of your work drops or feel too nervous, you probably should stop multitasking. 30. Which of the following is NOT an example of multitasking? A. Preparing a meal while watching an interesting talk show online. B. Attending a meeting while doing online shopping with your phone. C. Reading a book while thinking about what the passage tries to say. D. Driving on the road while listening to soft music on the radio. 31. According to the passage, if you “contradict” something, it means ________. A you finally find the truth about something after careful research B. you hold the opposite opinion or believe something is wrong C. you have to accept something although you are unwilling to D. you personally dislike something because you are not interested 32. According to the passage, the writer probably agrees that ________. A. multitasking helps the brain form important neural connections B. doing difficult and easy tasks at the same time always works well C. important tasks need more attention and should be done first D. it’s important for people to know when to stop multitasking 33. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The misunderstanding about multitasking and the reasons why. B. The meaning of multitasking and how different people should do it. C. The importance of multitasking and how to choose the right tasks. D. The possible disadvantages of multitasking and the right ways to do it. 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 With Christmas coming, I sit down at my kitchen table to begin writing holiday greeting cards. In front of me are red and green cards with shining trees, white envelopes (信封), all kinds of colored pens and stamps. Everything is ready when I am interrupted (打扰) by a voice “What is that?” It is from my youngest daughter, Charlotte. Her eyes have just landed on my rather time-worn address book. My address book is about 40 years old. Its faded (褪色的) cover was once quite lovely, but now it is covered with tapes, just to keep the pieces of paper together, which are trying their best to escape confinement (束缚). “You still use that old thing! It’s really time-wasting. Do you know there are apps for that?” Charlotte continues. Written on these pages are the names of people who were once important in my life. This address book includes (包括) the contacts (联系方式) of my old friends, bosses and past neighbors. There are also some strangers I met and then never see again, such as a guy who was cycling across Canada to raise money for cancer research. And, of course, there are lots and lots of contacts of my family members. When I look at the pages, I refuse (拒绝) to scratch out (划掉) any names (even if they have died) because all of these people were once important in my life, although I may not clearly remember them with time going by. My internal musings (内心的沉思) finish, and then I return to the present and answer my daughter, “Yeah, darling, I know. Why don’t you show me an app to improve this mess sometime?” “All right, mom. Maybe next week.” Just as I think she’s already moved on. It’s a good thing I have my contacts down on paper. And no matter what, I will always treasure this old address book. I will take it as a way to remind me of who I was and the people who mean a lot in my life. address book 34. How old is this address book? ________________________________ 35. What does the address book include? ________________________________ 36. Why does the writer refuse to scratch out the names on the address book? ________________________________ 37. Which one do you prefer, the address book or the apps? Why? Please give at least two reasons. ________________________________ 书面表达（共24分） 七、根据句意和中文提示填写单词。（共6分，每小题1分） 38. His mother lost her job, so she couldn’t ________ (买得起) to buy a new bike for him. 39. He has got a ________ (发烧) and he should see a doctor. 40. The Temple of Heaven (天坛) in China is one of the most famous ________ (古代的) buildings. 41. We have received the ________ (最新的) news from outer space. 42. The Monkey King is a very popular cartoon ________ (主人公). 43. He is ________ (自豪的) of being a member of the school basketball team. 八、根据中文意思和英文提示词语写出句子。（共8分，每小题2分） 44. 到做运动的时间了。（exercise） __________________________________________________________________________ 45. Mary年龄太小了，还不能单独去看电影。（too... to） ____________________________________________________ 46. 我们已经在这所学校学习两年了。（study） ____________________ 47. 为了成为一名作家，Susan每天花很多时间阅读。（spend） __________________________________________________________________________ 九、文段表达。（共10分） 48. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 我们一生中会经历许多比赛，一定有一次比赛令你至今难忘，可能是准备过程的艰辛，可能是获胜带来的喜悦，也可能是失败后的反思……。假如你是初二学生李华，你们学校英语公众号正在开展主题为“An Unforgettable Competition”的征文活动。请回顾你参加过的最难忘的一次比赛，写一篇征文给公众号投稿，内容为你参加过的比赛是什么、赛前或赛中你做了什么，以及这次比赛令你难忘的原因。 提示问题： 1. What is the most unforgettable competition you’ve entered? 2. What did you do? 3. Why is it unforgettable for you? 提示词：speaking, singing, practice, try, improve An Unforgettable Competition ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京三帆中学八年级下期中 注意：（1）时间100分钟，满分100分；（2）请将答案填涂填写在答题纸上。 听力理解（共20分） 一、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。（共12分，每题1.5分） 请听一段对话，完成第1至第2小题 1. What was the boy doing at seven? A. Seeing a movie. B. Watching a cartoon. C. Answering a phone. 2. What is the girl’s favorite cartoon character? A. Patrick. B. Spiderman. C. Sponge Bob. 请听一段对话，完成第3至第4小题。 3. How did the girl feel about camping at the beginning? A. Unhappy. B. Afraid. C. Tired. 4. Which activity did the girl like best? A. Walking. B. Swimming. C. Mountain biking. 请听一段独白，完成第5至第6小题。 5. What does the woman’s brother look like? A. He has fair hair. B. He has brown eyes. C. He is handsome. 6. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A photo. B. A party. C. A family. 请听一段独白，完成第7至第8小题。 7 What can we know from the message? A. You should call the doctors before 8:30 to make a date. B. The Padley’s shop is far away from the bus stop on High Street. C. The accident department(部) of University Hospital is open all day. 8. What does the message mainly talk about? A It gives information about a health center. B. It shares the experience of seeing a doctor. C. It introduces a university hospital to us. 二、听短文，将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上。短文你将听两遍。（共8分，每题2分） 9. ________ 10. ________ 11. ________ 12. ________ 知识运用（共20分） 三、单项选择（共10分，每小题1分） 从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Judy is a tall and pretty girl ________ long hair. See if you can find her in our class. A. with B. on C. of D. in 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：朱迪是一个高的且漂亮的女孩，有着长头发，看看你能否在我们班找到她。 考查介词辨析。with带有，具有；on在……上；of……的；in在……里面。根据“...long hair”可知是有着长头发，故选A。 2. I tried some ways to work out the math problem, but ________ of them worked. A. both B. all C. neither D. none 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我试了几种方法来解这道数学题，但都不奏效。 考查代词辨析。both两者都；all全部；neither两者都不；none没有一个。but表示转折，说明这几种方法都没用，三者及以上的都不应用none，故选D。 3. —Mum, what are you cooking? It ________ so delicious. Can I try a piece? —It’s roast beef. A. sounds B. feels C. smells D. tastes 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——妈妈，你在做什么？闻起来真香。我能尝一块吗？——这是烤牛肉。 考查动词辨析。sounds听起来；feels感觉；smells闻起来；tastes尝起来。根据“Mum, what are you cooking? It...so delicious. Can I try a piece?”可知，妈妈正在厨房做饭，还没有做好，因此只能是闻起来而不是尝起来。故选C。 4. —________ you ever ________ the Great Wall? —No, but I’m really looking forward to visiting it. A. Have; been to B. Have; gone to C. Has; been to D. Has; gone to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你去过长城吗？——没有，但我真的很期待去参观。 考查have been to和have gone to的区别。have/has been to表示“去过某地”，现在已经回来；have/has gone to表示“去了某地”，现在还没有回来。根据“No, but I’m really looking forward to visiting it.”可知，没去过，用have/has been to，主语是you，助动词用have。故选A。 5. —Has Lily finished reading your book ________? —Yes. She has _________ returned it to me. A. yet; yet B. yet; already C. already; yet D. already; already 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——莉莉读完你的书了吗？——是的。她已经还给我了。 考查副词词义辨析。yet仍然，还，常用于疑问句或否定句；already已经，常用于肯定句。第一空为疑问句，应用yet；第二空为肯定句，应用already。故选B。 6. —Tom, let’s go to see the movie You Only Live Once this weekend. —Sorry, I ________ it. I ________ it with my parents yesterday. A. has seen; saw B. have seen; saw C. saw; has seen D. saw; have seen 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——汤姆，这个周末我们去看电影You Only Live Once吧。——对不起，我看过了。我昨天和父母一起看的。 考查时态及主谓一致。根据第一个空空前的“Sorry”可知，此处指过去的动作对现在造成影响，应用现在完成时，主语为“I”，所以此处应填have seen；根据第二个空空后的“yesterday”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故选B。 7. —Tony, please turn down the TV. I ________ a meeting online. —Oh, sorry, Mum. A. have B. had C. am having D. have had 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——托尼，请把电视的声音关小点。我正在网上开会。——哦，对不起，妈妈。 考查动词时态。根据“Tony, please turn down the TV”可推断出，妈妈正在网上开会，应用现在进行时，故选C。 8. The earth is a planet in the solar system, and it ________ around the sun. A. goes B. go C. went D. will go 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：地球是太阳系中一颗行星，它绕着太阳转。 考查动词时态。根据“and it...around the sun.”可知，地球绕着太阳转是一个客观真理，需用一般现在时。且主语是单数，动词需用三单形式。故选A。 9. —Where is Lily? I can’t find her. —She has gone to the library, but she ________ back in 30 minutes. A. comes B. came C. will come D. has come 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——莉莉在哪，我找不到她。——她已经去图书馆了，但30分钟后会回来。 考查动词时态。根据“in 30 minutes”可知，此处表示她将在30分钟后回来，时态用一般将来时will do。故选C。 10. I saw Peter in the garden this morning. He ________ his flowers at that moment. A. waters B. is watering C. watered D. was watering 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：我今天早上在花园里看见皮特了。那时他正在浇他的花。 考查过去进行时。根据上文以及“at that moment”可知，此处强调在过去的某个时刻正在发生的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + doing”。因主语He为第三人称单数，be动词要用was。故选D。 四、完形填空（共10分，每小题1分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从后面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Kindness from a Stranger When I was a teenager, I got a chance to take part in a school basketball training with my teammates in Germany. However, I got lost during my month-long trip in Berlin and had an unforgettable experience. It happened the night before we went back. The training was over, so my team and I could spend the time in whatever ways we liked. Most of my teammates ____11____ to stay indoors and relax. But I did not want to lose the ___12___ to explore (探索) Berlin. I visited lots of major places of interest around the city that night. When I felt tired, I ____13____ the time on my watch. I was ____14____ to see that it was two o’clock in the morning and I must go back to the hotel immediately! As I walked to a subway station, I realized that it was my dad’s birthday. This would be the first birthday I couldn’t celebrate with him because he passed away a few months earlier. Before I could begin reminiscing (回忆) about my dad, I heard train wheels screeching to a stop (突然停止). Without thinking, I rushed onto it. At first, I was thankful to get onto the train ____15____. But that feeling quickly turned to panic (惊慌) when I noticed that the train ____16____ in the wrong direction (方向)! I looked around the nearly ____17____ car. I only saw a young woman sitting quietly by the window. “Hi. Do you speak English? I’m lost. Can you help me?” I asked. The woman understood. She was trying to explain to me how to return to where I had first got on the train. But my anxious (焦急的) mind couldn’t ____18____ her words. Being worried and afraid, I said, “Can you come with me?” After a long second of hesitation (犹豫), she agreed to help me. On the journey back to the train station, she and I chatted. I told her about my dad’s passing. With a look of surprise, she told me that she had also lost her dad a year ago. We shared our life stories, our heartaches and our ____19____ for the future. At my stop, she thanked me for encouraging her. I couldn’t believe this stranger with the big heart was thanking me! I gave her a hug and thanked her for her _____20_____. 11. A. changed B. decided C. moved D. believed 12. A. practice B. dream C. ability D. chance 13. A. expected B. described C. discovered D. checked 14. A. angry B. surprised C. relaxed D. pleased 15. A. successfully B. usefully C. quietly D. carefully 16. A. headed B. waited C. cared D. warned 17. A. noisy B. full C. empty D. simple 18. A. follow B. invent C. trust D. guide 19. A. conditions B. hopes C. lessons D. projects 20. A. happiness B. kindness C. sadness D. laziness 【答案】11. B 12. D 13. D 14. B 15. A 16. A 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者十几岁时在德国参加篮球训练期间迷路，在深夜返回途中意外上了开错方向的火车，最终得到一位同样经历过丧父之痛的女子的帮助，并在此过程中分享了彼此的人生故事和心路历程的难忘经历。 【11题详解】 句意：我的大多数队友决定待在室内放松。 changed改变；decided决定；moved移动；believed相信。根据“my team and I could spend the time in whatever ways we liked. Most of my teammates...to stay indoors and relax.”可知，所有队员可以以自己喜欢的方式度过最后一天，大多数人决定待在室内放松。故选B。 【12题详解】 句意：但我不想失去探索柏林的机会。 practice练习；dream梦想；ability能力；chance机会。根据上文“I got lost during my month-long trip in Berlin”和“my team and I could spend the time in whatever ways we liked”可知，初次来到柏林，并且还有了自主支配的时间，所以是探索柏林的好机会。故选D。 【13题详解】 句意：当我感觉累的时候，我查看了一下手表上的时间。 expected期待；described描写；discovered发现；checked查看。根据下文“it was two o’clock in the morning”可知，此处指作者查看了时间。故选D。 【14题详解】 句意：我惊讶地发现已经是凌晨两点钟了，我必须立即回到旅馆！ angry生气的；surprised惊讶的；relaxed放松的；pleased高兴的。根据“it was two o’clock in the morning”可知，作者在外面逛到很晚，对此他感到很惊讶。故选B。 【15题详解】 句意：起初，我很欣慰能成功上火车。 successfully成功地；usefully有用地；quietly安静地；carefully仔细地。根据“thankful”可知，作者很欣慰，他应是成功地赶上了火车。故选A。 【16题详解】 句意：但是当我注意到火车朝错误的方向开去时，那种感觉立刻变成了恐慌！ headed朝某方向行进；waited等待；cared关心；warned警告。根据“that feeling quickly turned to panic”可知，作者很恐慌，由此推测火车朝错误的方向开去了。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：我环顾了一下那辆几乎空无一人的车厢。 noisy吵闹的；full满的；empty空的；simple简单的。根据下文“I only saw a young woman sitting quietly by the window.”可知，只看到一个年轻的女人，因此车厢几乎是空的。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：但我焦虑不安的思绪无法理解她的话。 follow理解，明白；invent发明；trust信任；guide指引。根据“my anxious (焦急的) mind couldn’t...her words.”可知，作者当时太焦急而不能理解对方说的话。故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：我们分享我们的人生故事，我们的心痛和我们对未来的希望。 conditions条件；hopes希望；lessons教训；projects项目。根据“We shared our life stories”可知，在分享人生故事后谈及的应是对未来的希望。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：我给了她一个拥抱，感谢她的好意。 happiness幸福；kindness善良；sadness悲伤；laziness懒惰。根据标题“Kindness from a Stranger”可知，这个陌生人给了善意，应是感谢她的善意。故选B。 阅读理解（共36分） 五、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分） A 信息匹配。下面的材料介绍了四种益智玩具。请根据各小题中的图片，找出相应的描述，并将对应的序号填在相应的位置上。 Chinese people have already enjoyed math games and toys for thousands of years. Read and choose the right description (描述) for each picture. A This game has some rings. To win, you must take off all the rings in a special order. For example, to take off the ninth ring, you have to take off the third, fifth, and seventh rings first. B This is named after an old Chinese story. Each piece has a character’s name from the story. To win, you have to move the pieces to free a character named “Cao Cao”. C It’s made of six wooden blocks (块). It’s not easy to get the blocks off, and it’s usually easier to unlock than to put back the blocks together. D It has seven pieces of different shapes. You need to use all the pieces to make a shape. They can create shapes of animals, people, or things. 21. ________ 22. ________ 23. ________ 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章根据各小题中的图片，找出相应的描述并与之相匹配。 【21题详解】 根据图片可知，此处指七巧板，选项D“它有七块不同的形状。你需要用所有的板块来做一个形状。它们可以创造动物、人或东西的形状。”符合语境。故选D。 【22题详解】 根据图片可知，此处指九连环，选项A“这个游戏有一些环。要赢，你必须按特殊顺序摘下所有的环。例如，要取下第九环，你必须先取下第三、第五和第七环。”符合语境。故选A。 【23题详解】 根据图片可知，此处指鲁班锁，选项C“它是由六个木块组成的。把木块拆下来并不容易，而且通常解锁比把木块重新组装起来更容易。”符合语境。故选C。 （二）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 B Maya was a high school student from a small village. When she was a child, Maya had a dream—to become an astronaut and explore (探索) space. However, the people around her all thought it was a joke. Although people didn’t believe she could make it, Maya put all her effort into her studies at school. She read books on astronomy, joined science camps, and looked for guidance from teachers. Maya’s interest in space grew stronger with each passing day, encouraging her to deal with any difficulty in her path. In her final year of high school, an opportunity came—a scholarship (奖学金) would offer a chance to study astrophysics at a famous university. The selection (选拔) was strict, testing students’ knowledge, skills, and ability. Maya tried her best to prepare for it and she spent hours on it every day. When the day of the scholarship interview arrived, Maya faced a group of professors in the field. Nervously, she answered their questions and shared her love for space exploration. Although the interview was challenging, Maya tried her best until the last moment. Weeks turned into months and there weren’t any results. Maya had doubts (怀疑) and uncertainty, but she didn’t let worries stop her journey. Finally, the day of the announcement (公告) arrived. Maya’s heart raced as the names were called one by one. As the last name was reported, Maya’s heart broke—it wasn’t hers. She failed! Although she was disappointed, Maya continued to explore other opportunities in the field of space exploration. Years passed, and Maya’s perseverance (坚持) paid off. She attracted the attention of a famous astronaut who guided her on a new journey. Maya got hands-on experience, took part in research projects, and lost herself in the world of space exploration. She finally made her childhood dream come true. 24. What did people around Maya think of her dream? A. Funny. B. Impossible. C. Meaningful. D. Awful. 25. What did Maya do after she lost the chance in the selection? A. She kept reading books on astronomy. B. She answered questions in an interview. C. She doubted the results of the announcement. D. She continued to explore other opportunities. 26. What can we learn from Maya’s story? A. Opportunity waits for no man. B. Two heads are better than one. C. Perseverance is the key to success. D. Don’t waste life in doubts and fears. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Maya的梦想是成为宇航员并探索太空，尽管选拔失败，但是并没有放弃，而是坚持梦想，最终获得成功的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, the people around her all thought it was a joke.”可知，她周围的人都认为她的梦想是不可能实现的。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Although she was disappointed, Maya continued to explore other opportunities in the field of space exploration.”可知，Maya在落选后继续探索其他机会。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Years passed, and Maya’s perseverance (坚持) paid off.”并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述Maya的梦想是成为宇航员并探索太空，尽管选拔失败，但是并没有放弃，而是坚持梦想，最终获得成功的故事，所以C项符合。故选C。 C As we know, diseases such as colds or flu can move from one person to another. But do you know that feelings, like being stressed (压力), can be passed on too? Sometimes we feel very busy and stressed not only because of our own work but also because of the feelings and problems of people we are close to. The psychologist Stephanie Preston from the University of Michigan led his team to design a study. They wanted to check if stress was passed on. In the study, people were asked to give a speech to a group of watchers. Those watchers didn’t show any feelings during the speech. That made the speakers even more stressed than if they got bad comments (评价). After a while, even the researchers started feeling stressed from just watching the speeches. This made them curious, so they decided to study more. They looked at spit samples (唾液样本) to see the stress hormone—cortisol (皮质醇激素). While speakers were stressed and had a lot of cortisol, watchers were stressed too and had a lot of cortisol as well. They named this effect (效果) “physiological resonance”. It means the speakers’ stress was passed on to the watchers. Though they prove that stress can move from one person to another, there is still one question. Studies have looked into the speakers’ voices and faces, but they haven’t figured out how someone’s behavior causes another’s stress. When we talk or hang out with other people, we notice different signs showing their feelings. Those help us know if there’s something wrong around us. If our neighbor seems stressed, we should watch out as it might affect (影响) us too. This ability to sense stress comes from our long history of living in groups. It is not just humans who do this; animals can also tell when others around them are stressed. For example, if a deer senses stress in its pack, it may run away to avoid (避免) danger. So quickly spotting (发现) stress in others can help us. It keeps us away from problems before they get worse. 27. How did Preston’s team find that stress could move from one person to another? A. By looking at faces. B. By listening to voices. C. By talking about feelings. D. By checking cortisol in spit. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. People feel stressed only because of their own work. B. Only humans can sense when someone else is stressed. C. Researchers feel stressed when preparing for the research. D. Noticing stress in others early may help us avoid trouble. 29. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Can Stress Help Us Avoid Trouble? B. Can Stress Move from One to Another? C. How Does Action Cause Others’ Stress? D. How to Give A Speech without Stress? 【答案】27. D 28. D 29. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了关于压力是否会从一个人转移到另一个人的研究。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“They looked at spit samples (唾液样本) to see the stress hormone—cortisol (皮质醇激素). While speakers were stressed and had a lot of cortisol, watchers were stressed too and had a lot of cortisol as well”可知，他们通过检查唾液中的皮质醇发现压力可以从一个人转移到另一个人的。故选D。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“So quickly spotting (发现) stress in others can help us. It keeps us away from problems before they get worse.”可知，及早发现别人的压力可以帮助我们避免麻烦。故选D。 【29题详解】 最佳标题题。根据“As we know, diseases such as colds or flu can move from one person to another. But do you know that feelings, like being stressed (压力), can be passed on too?”可知，文章主要介绍了关于压力是否会从一个人转移到另一个人的研究，故选B。 D Have you ever had the following experiences? You are trying to focus on your homework while chatting with your friend online at the same time; or maybe you are attending a lecture while also reading a book that you have brought along…If the answer is YES, well, you are “multitasking”. Multitasking means dealing with more than one task at the same time or switching (转换) between tasks quickly. While it seems like an efficient (效率高的) way to get more things done in less time, studies suggest our brains might not be as good at multitasking as we think. Firstly, multitasking can make us less focused and lower the quality (质量) of our work. When multitasking, our attention gets split (分开，分散). This means we might make more mistakes and not do our jobs very well. For example, studying while chatting online can make it harder to understand or remember what you’re learning; meanwhile, you probably won’t be able to fully enjoy that pleasant conversation either. Besides, we tend to work less efficiently when multitasking. Studies have shown that it takes our brains more time to switch between tasks, which contradicts the belief that multitasking saves time. Experts call it “task switch costs”. We meet “task switch costs” because of the increased mental demand (脑力需求) as our mind jumps from one thing to another. Lastly, multitasking may hurt people’s health, both physically and mentally. For teenagers, their brains are busy forming important neural (神经的) connections. Splitting attention too often might have a serious, long-term, negative influence on how these connections form. Moreover, it could lead to anxiety and a feeling of being constantly behind. However, does it mean we should never ever try multitasking? The good news is, some forms of multitasking are easier to realize than others, and here are some suggestions on how to choose the right tasks for multitasking: Try pairing up complex (difficult thus needs full attention and effort) and automatic (done witho7ut thinking) tasks: For example, you can think about a to-do list (complex) while jogging outdoors (automatic), for the latter doesn’t need much mental power. It’s also a good idea to rank (分等级) tasks based on levels of importance first. Don’t choose very important ones to multitask; instead, try those that don’t need so much attention. Save your focused attention for tasks that matter most. Knowing your limits (极限) is also necessary. People are different, so you should know your own mental and physical limits when multitasking. If you find the quality of your work drops or feel too nervous, you probably should stop multitasking. 30. Which of the following is NOT an example of multitasking? A. Preparing a meal while watching an interesting talk show online. B. Attending a meeting while doing online shopping with your phone. C. Reading a book while thinking about what the passage tries to say. D. Driving on the road while listening to soft music on the radio. 31. According to the passage, if you “contradict” something, it means ________. A. you finally find the truth about something after careful research B. you hold the opposite opinion or believe something is wrong C. you have to accept something although you are unwilling to D. you personally dislike something because you are not interested 32. According to the passage, the writer probably agrees that ________. A. multitasking helps the brain form important neural connections B. doing difficult and easy tasks at the same time always works well C. important tasks need more attention and should be done first D. it’s important for people to know when to stop multitasking 33. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The misunderstanding about multitasking and the reasons why. B. The meaning of multitasking and how different people should do it. C. The importance of multitasking and how to choose the right tasks. D. The possible disadvantages of multitasking and the right ways to do it. 【答案】30. C 31. B 32. D 33. D 【解析】 【导语】本文阐述多任务处理的概念及可能出现的缺点和多任务处理的正确的方法。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Multitasking means dealing with more than one task at the same time or switching between tasks quickly.”可知，多任务处理是指同时处理多个任务或在任务之间快速切换，所以“一边看书，一边思考文章要说什么。”属于同一种任务。故选C。 【31题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第二段“While it seems like an efficient way to get more things done in less time,” 可知，多任务处理似乎是能在更短的时间内完成更多事情；结合第四段“Studies have shown that it takes our brains more time to switch between tasks,” 可知，大脑在任务之间切换需要更多的时间；这二种观点是相反的，所以此处指“持有相反的观点或认为有什么不对劲”。故选B。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“…If you find the quality of your work drops or feel too nervous, you probably should stop multitasking.”可知， 如果发现工作质量下降或感到过于紧张，可能应该停止多任务处理，所以作者可能赞同让人们知道何时停止多任务处理很重要。故选D。 33题详解】 主旨大意题。本文阐述多任务处理的概念及可能出现的缺点和多任务处理的正确的方法，故选D。 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 With Christmas coming, I sit down at my kitchen table to begin writing holiday greeting cards. In front of me are red and green cards with shining trees, white envelopes (信封), all kinds of colored pens and stamps. Everything is ready when I am interrupted (打扰) by a voice “What is that?” It is from my youngest daughter, Charlotte. Her eyes have just landed on my rather time-worn address book. My address book is about 40 years old. Its faded (褪色的) cover was once quite lovely, but now it is covered with tapes, just to keep the pieces of paper together, which are trying their best to escape confinement (束缚). “You still use that old thing! It’s really time-wasting. Do you know there are apps for that?” Charlotte continues. Written on these pages are the names of people who were once important in my life. This address book includes (包括) the contacts (联系方式) of my old friends, bosses and past neighbors. There are also some strangers I met and then never see again, such as a guy who was cycling across Canada to raise money for cancer research. And, of course, there are lots and lots of contacts of my family members. When I look at the pages, I refuse (拒绝) to scratch out (划掉) any names (even if they have died) because all of these people were once important in my life, although I may not clearly remember them with time going by. My internal musings (内心的沉思) finish, and then I return to the present and answer my daughter, “Yeah, darling, I know. Why don’t you show me an app to improve this mess sometime?” “All right, mom. Maybe next week.” Just as I think, she’s already moved on. It’s a good thing I have my contacts down on paper. And no matter what, I will always treasure this old address book. I will take it as a way to remind me of who I was and the people who mean a lot in my life. address book 34. How old is this address book? ________________________________ 35. What does the address book include? ________________________________ 36. Why does the writer refuse to scratch out the names on the address book? ________________________________ 37. Which one do you prefer, the address book or the apps? Why? Please give at least two reasons. ________________________________ 【答案】34. About 40 years old. 35. The contacts of her old friends, bosses and past neighbors, some strangers she met and her family members. 36. Because she thinks all these people were once important in her life. 37. 两种选择皆可，示例如下：I prefer the apps. Here are two reasons. First, it is very convenient. We can look up the contact details without searching piles of papers. It can save time and increase the efficiency. Second, it’s easy to update and edit the contact information. When people move, change jobs or the phone numbers, we can easily edit the information in a certain app. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者在写贺卡时，被女儿询问自己使用旧地址簿原因，作者通过翻阅地址簿，回忆起曾经在生命中重要的人。 【34题详解】 根据第二段中的“My address book is about 40 years old.”可知，地址簿大约有40年的历史了。故填About 40 years old. 【35题详解】 根据第四段中的“This address book includes (包括) the contacts (联系方式) of my old friends, bosses and past neighbors. There are also some strangers I met and then never see again, such as a guy who was cycling across Canada to raise money for cancer research. And, of course, there are lots and lots of contacts of my family members.”可知，作者的地址簿里包括她的老朋友、老板和过去邻居的联系人，她遇到的一些陌生人和她的家人。故填The contacts of her old friends, bosses and past neighbors, some strangers she met and her family members. 【36题详解】 根据第五段中的“When I look at the pages, I refuse (拒绝) to scratch out (划掉) any names (even if they have died) because all of these people were once important in my life”可知，作者拒绝把地址簿上的名字划掉的原因是因为她认为所有这些人在她生命中都曾经很重要。故填Because she thinks all these people were once important in her life. 【37题详解】 开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案：I prefer the apps. Here are two reasons. First, it is very convenient. We can look up the contact details without searching piles of papers. It can save time and increase the efficiency. Second, it’s easy to update and edit the contact information. When people move, change jobs or the phone numbers, we can easily edit the information in a certain app. 书面表达（共24分） 七、根据句意和中文提示填写单词。（共6分，每小题1分） 38. His mother lost her job, so she couldn’t ________ (买得起) to buy a new bike for him. 【答案】afford 【解析】 【详解】句意：他的母亲失去了她的工作。因此她无法买一辆新自行车给他。“买得起”要用动词“afford”来表达，“afford to do sth.”为固定结构，意为“负担得起做某事”，情态动词couldn’t后应接动词原形。故填afford。 39. He has got a ________ (发烧) and he should see a doctor. 【答案】fever##temperature 【解析】 【详解】句意：他已经发烧了，应该去看医生。固定短语get a fever/temperature“发烧”。故填fever/temperature。 40. The Temple of Heaven (天坛) in China is one of the most famous ________ (古代的) buildings. 【答案】ancient 【解析】 【详解】句意：天坛是中国最著名的古建筑之一。ancient“古代的”，形容词作定语。故填ancient。 41. We have received the ________ (最新的) news from outer space. 【答案】latest 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们收到了来自外太空的最新消息。latest表示“最新的”，作定语修饰名词news。故填latest。 42. The Monkey King is a very popular cartoon ________ (主人公). 【答案】hero 【解析】 【详解】句意：孙悟空是一个非常受欢迎的卡通主人公。hero表示“主人公”，结合is可知，名词用单数，故填hero。 43. He is ________ (自豪的) of being a member of the school basketball team. 【答案】proud 【解析】 【详解】句意：他为自己是校篮球队的一员而感到自豪。be proud of“以……自豪”，固定短语。故填proud。 八、根据中文意思和英文提示词语写出句子。（共8分，每小题2分） 44. 到做运动的时间了。（exercise） __________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It’s time to do exercise./It’s time for exercise. 【解析】 【详解】It’s time to do sth或It’s time for sth都可以表示“该是做某事的时间了”；do exercise“做运动”，exercise也可以作名词表示“运动”。故填It’s time to do exercise./It’s time for exercise. 45. Mary年龄太小了，还不能单独去看电影。（too... to） ____________________________________________________ 【答案】Mary is too young to watch/see a movie alone. 【解析】 【详解】该句主干要用主系表结构，主语Mary为第三人称单数，be动词要用is；“too...to”结构意为“太……而不能”，其中too为副词，后面加形容词young，to为不定式符号，后面加动词原形，“去看电影”为watch/see a movie，“单独”为alone，故填Mary is too young to watch/see a movie alone. 46. 我们已经在这所学校学习两年了。（study） ____________________ 【答案】We have studied in this school for 2 years. 【解析】 【详解】我们：we，作主语；已经学习：have studied；在这所学校：in this school；两年：two years。结合语境，该句应用现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have，two years前用介词for表示延续了一段时间。故填We have studied in this school for 2 years. 47. 为了成为一名作家，Susan每天花很多时间阅读。（spend） __________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In order to be/become a writer, Susan spends much/a lot of time reading (books)/doing some reading every day. 【解析】 【详解】in order to be/become表示“为了成为”；a writer“一名作家”；spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”；much/a lot of“很多”；read (books)/do some reading“阅读”；every day“每天”。本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填In order to be/become a writer, Susan spends much/a lot of time reading (books)/doing some reading every day. 九、文段表达。（共10分） 48. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。 我们一生中会经历许多比赛，一定有一次比赛令你至今难忘，可能是准备过程的艰辛，可能是获胜带来的喜悦，也可能是失败后的反思……。假如你是初二学生李华，你们学校英语公众号正在开展主题为“An Unforgettable Competition”的征文活动。请回顾你参加过的最难忘的一次比赛，写一篇征文给公众号投稿，内容为你参加过的比赛是什么、赛前或赛中你做了什么，以及这次比赛令你难忘的原因。 提示问题： 1. What is the most unforgettable competition you’ve entered? 2. What did you do? 3. Why is it unforgettable for you? 提示词：speaking, singing, practice, try, improve An Unforgettable Competition ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 An Unforgettable Competition During the past year at junior high school, I have had many unforgettable experiences. One of them was when our class prepared for a group singing competition. During the last week before the competition, my classmates and I practiced singing in our free time. Although we also had lots of homework, every one of us took it seriously and did our best. Thanks to our hard work, we won first prize. All of us were so excited. When we got the prize, I thought of an old saying — No pains, no gains. It was hard work, but we developed our friendship, confidence as well as understanding during the preparation. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般过去时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍自己参加过的比赛是什么； 第二步，介绍赛前自己做的事情； 第三步，最后介绍这次比赛令自己难忘的原因。 [亮点词汇] ① take sth seriously 认真对待 ② thanks to 多亏 ③ as well as 以及 [高分句型] ①Although we also had lots of homework, every one of us took it seriously and did our best.（让步状语从句） ②When we got the prize, I thought of an old saying — No pains, no gains. （时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$