精品解析：2024年山东省临沂市罗庄区中考二模英语试题

2024年初中学业水平考试模拟试题 (B卷） 英 语 2024.05 （时间 120 分钟 总分 100 分） 注意事项： 1.本试卷共8页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在答题纸和答题卡规定的位置。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。 2.非选择题答在答题纸上，答在本试卷上不得分。 一、听力理解（共20小题；每小题1分，计20分） （一）听对话，选择与对话内容相对应的图片。每组对话读两遍。 A. B. C. D. E. F. 1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______ （二）听对话，根据对话内容，选择最佳答案。每组对话和问题读两遍。 6. What does John want to be? A. A singer. B. A pilot. C. A dancer. 7. How will Jenny and Tom go to the park? A. By bike. B. By taxi. C. On foot. 8. What does Linda prefer to do? A. See the new play. B. Do some shopping. C. Go to the bank. 9. What's the probable relationship between Cathy and Peter? A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Workmates. 10. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At a restaurant. B. At a flower shop. C. At a concert. （三）听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。 11. Jane stayed in an old hotel that was built 300 years ago. 12. Jane only visited the Great Wall on holiday in China. 13. Jane talked about Chinese culture with a primary school student. 14. Jane spent 12 hours to get to London by plane from China yesterday. 15. Jane wants to see a small part of China and go back to China next year. （四）听对话，根据对话内容完成下列句子，每空词数不限。对话读三遍。听对话前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。注意：请将答案填写在答题卡指定区域。 16. What's Tom going to do this Saturday? He's going to ______ this Saturday. 17. When will it start? It will start at about ______. 18. How can Betty get there? Go along Zhonghua Road. Then ______ at the second crossing. 19. Where is Tom's new house? It's ______ the supermarket. 20. What does Betty think of taking a bus? She thinks it is ______. 二、阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，计30分） （一）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 A A whale of a story Background knowledge In air, sound travels more than 300 meters every second (about 750 miles per hour). In water, it travels five times faster, at about 1,500 meters every second. Whales use their vocal cords to make sounds. They also have a very good sense of hearing. The sounds that they make travel for thousands of kilometers through the oceans and can be heard by other whales far away. Science activity The figures in the table on the right show how many meters sound travels every second in different materials. 1. How fast does sound travel in the air? A. About 750 miles per hour. B. More than 300 meters every hour. C. About 1,500 meters every second 2. In which material does sound travel the fastest? A. B. C. 3. What kind of animals can hear sounds the most quickly in the same distance? A. Goldfish in the lake. B. Birds in the sky. C. Whales in the ocean. 4. In which part of a magazine can you find this passage? A. Story part. B. Science part. C. Ocean part. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了鲸鱼的一些信息以及声音在不同物质中的传播速度。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In air, sound travels more than 300 meters every second (about 750 miles per hour)”可知在空气中，声音每秒传播超过300米（约每小时750英里）。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格内容可知，声音在花岗岩中传播速度最快。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据表格可知，声音在湖里、天空中和海水里传播，在海水中的传播速度较快，可推知鲸鱼可以在同一距离内能最快地听到声音。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了鲸鱼一些信息以及声音在不同物质中的传播速度，故文章可能出现在杂志的科学部分。故选B。 B He was an old man who fished alone in a boat and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boy’s parents had told him that the old man was now exactly and finally salao, which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty and be always went down to help him carry fishing tools. The old man was thin with deep wrinkles (皱纹) in the back of his neck. His hands had the deep scars (疤) from dealing with heavy fish. But none of these scars were fresh. Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful and full of confidence. “Santiago,” the boy said to him as they climbed from the bank where the boat was pulled up. “I could go with you again. We’ve made some money.” The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. “No.” the old man said. “You’re with a lucky boat. Stay with them.” “But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks.” “I remember,” the old man said. “I know you did not leave me willingly.” “It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must do what he told me to.” “I know.” the old man said. “I quite understand that.” “He hasn’t much faith (信念).” “No.” the old man said. “But we have. Haven’t we?” “Yes.” the boy said. “Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we’ll take the fishing tools home.” “Why not?” the old man said. “Between fishermen.” They sat on the Terrace and many of the fishermen made fun of the old man and he was not angry. Some other older fishermen looked at him and were sad. But they didn’t show it and they spoke politely about the sea, the weather and of what they had seen. —Adapted from The old man and the sea 5. How many days did the old man go fishing with the boy according to Paragraph 1? A. Forty. B. Forty-four. C. Eighty-four. 6. What does the underlined word “that” refer to? A. The boy would leave him sooner or later. B. The boy had to listen to his parents and left him. C. He couldn’t catch fish because he was too old. 7. What is the right order of the story about the boy in the passage? ① The old man caught some big fish with the boy. ② The old man taught the boy how to fish on the sea. ③ The boy wanted to go fishing with the old man again ④ The boy helped the old man take the fishing tools home. A. ①④③② B. ②①③④ C. ②③④① 8. From the story we can know that the old man was ________. A. man who often showed off B. a man who never gave up C. a man who sometimes got angry 【答案】5. A 6. B 7. B 8. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇小说节选。文章节选自《老人与海》，讲述了老人不言放弃的精神及和男孩的深厚情感。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In the first forty days a boy had been with him.”可知，在开始的四十天里，小男孩跟着老人一起捕鱼。故选A。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must do what he told me to.”可知，此处指老人理解男孩的爸爸让男孩离开老人的船，理解男孩不得不听爸爸的话，可推测出“that”指代的是“男孩不得不听父母的话离开了他”。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him.”以及“But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks.”以及“I could go with you again. We’ve made some money.”以及“Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we’ll take the fishing tools home.”可知，老人曾经教男孩捕鱼，他们曾经87天没有捕到一条鱼，但是然后他们连着三个星期每天抓到大鱼，现在男孩挣到一点钱之后想和老人再次出海，在喝完男孩提供的啤酒之后，他们将带着渔具回家。故选B。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful and full of confidence.”以及“But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks.”可知，从这个故事中我们可以了解到这位老人是一个自信、永不放弃的人。故选B。 C Chinese writing has a history of six or seven thousand years. Calligraphy (书法), the art of writing, is almost as old as writing itself. In ancient times, written Chinese was first symbols and pictures. Then, they gradually became characters. Later, characters and even full sentences were written on animal bones or shells for communication. With time passing by, a number of written forms appeared. Each had its own local style. In the 3rd century BC, the First Emperor, Qinshihuang, set the same standard for the written characters—“small seal script”. It was first used in his own state of Qin, then in the whole nation. That writing system was very important in uniting (联合) the Chinese people and culture. At the same time, Cheng Miao developed another style called “clerical” script. It used short, straight brush strokes (笔画) to write quickly. By Han times, calligraphers had created a new style known as “regular” script. From the Tang Dynasty, it became the standard form used in government exams. Over the centuries, Chinese artists and people with knowledge saw beauty in the forms of their written language. They turned calligraphy into one of the fine arts, in which calligraphers expressed themselves. In the Tang Dynasty, calligraphy was helpful for a person to get a place in the government. The tools of calligraphy were simple enough. What we needed were the Four Treasures of the study: a brush, ink (墨), an ink stone and a writing surface. Students of calligraphy practiced the main types of script and improved their skills by copying the works of past masters. With the increase of their knowledge and practice, they slowly developed their own styles. The art of calligraphy reached a high point in the 4th century. At that time, calligrapher Wang Xizhi was often regarded as the greatest master. Calligraphy remains a living art form to this day. It has become part of the school courses to pass on the Chinese culture. 9. In ancient China when characters appeared, they were written on ________. A. bamboo B. cloth C. bones or shells 10. Which written form can be used in government exams? A. Regular script. B. Small seal script. C. Clerical script. 11. Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A. The art of calligraphy has been around six or seven thousand years. B. The greatest representative figures (代表人物) was Wang Xizhi. C. Three tools of calligraphy are mentioned in this passage. 12. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A. B. C. 【答案】9. C 10. A 11. C 12. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国汉字的发展历史。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Later, characters and even full sentences were written on animal bones or shells for communication.”可知，后来，为了交流，人们把字和完整的句子写在动物的骨头或贝壳上，故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据“By Han times, calligraphers had created a new style known as ‘regular’ script. From the Tang Dynasty, it became the standard form used in government exams.”可知，从唐代开始，楷书成为政府考试的标准形式，故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据“What we needed were the Four Treasures of the study: a brush, ink (墨), an ink stone and a writing surface.”可知，我们需要文房四宝四种工具来学习，故选C。 【12题详解】 篇章结构题。文章第一段是主题，为第一部分；第二第三第四段是介绍书法的发展史，为第二部分；第五段介绍书法已经升华成为一种艺术，为第三部分；第六段结尾。故选B。 D Zebra crossings can tell drivers that pedestrians (行人) may be trying to get across. A study reported that three out of four drivers kept the same speed as they were coming near a crossing. Even worse, only 5% stopped even when they saw someone trying to get across. Now a mother-daughter team, Thakkar and Pandya, in Ahmedabad, India have thought out a clever way to get drivers to pay more attention—A zebra crossing with an optical illusion (视错觉). The artists painted these 3-D crosswalks on the highways in Ahmedabad. They wanted to help the city’s residents (居民) to cross the busy roads safely. They had ever seen images of 3-D zebra crossings on the streets in Taizhou, China. They decided to test if their 3-D crosswalks would work in India. Sure enough, in the six months that the 3-D crosswalks have been painted across four of the city’s most dangerous highways, there have been no accidents reported! It may seem that the zebra-crossing could cause the drivers to brake suddenly, but such is not the case. Because of the way the human eye works, the illusion is only seen from a distance. As they get closer, the painting looks just like any other usual zebra crossing. But since the driver is driving slower, he/she is more likely to stop. The artists hope that their smart design will become more and more common in India and perhaps even the world. 13. We can infer (推断) from the report that ________. A. people should go across the road carefully B a few drivers are not good at their work C. the usual zebra crossings can’t help a lot 14. The artists painted the 3-D crosswalks to ________. A. tell us that they are very talented B. slow drivers and make the roads safer C. copy the images of zebra crossings in Taizhou 15. What does the underlined word “brake” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Stop the car. B. Turn around. C. Lose his way. 16. According to the passage, what is the artists’ dream? A. Everyone will follow the traffic rules. B. Drivers will pay more attention to pedestrians. C. There will be more 3-D crosswalks all over the world. 【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种比普通斑马线效果更好的3D斑马线。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“A study reported that three out of four drivers kept the same speed as they were coming near a crossing. Even worse, only 5% stopped even when they saw someone trying to get across.”可知，一项研究报告称，四分之三的司机在接近十字路口时保持相同的速度。更糟糕的是，即使他们看到有人试图通过时，只有5%的人会停下来。由此推知，普通斑马线作用不大。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The artists painted these 3-D crosswalks on the highways in Ahmedabad. They wanted to help the city’s residents (居民) to cross the busy roads safely.”及第三段中“But since the driver is driving slower, he/she is more likely to stop.”可知，艺术家们绘制3D斑马线是想让司机慢下来，让道路更安全。故选B。 【15题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“But since the driver is driving slower, he/she is more likely to stop.”可知，3D斑马线能让司机慢下来，从而更有可能停车，所以划线词应是指停车。故选A。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The artists hope that their smart design will become more and more common in India and perhaps even the world.”可知， 艺术家们希望他们聪明的设计能在印度甚至全世界变得越来越普遍。故选C。 E 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Are you an “e” person or “i” person? Do you know the differences? In this essay, we will talk about the differences between “e” people and “i” people. Those two kinds of people are very different. According to a survey, “e” people are more outgoing and active in social relations than “i” people. ____17____ On the other hand, “i” people prefer to spend time alone or in small groups than communicating with others. When it comes to making friends, “e” people prefer to have a larger circle of friends and build stronger connections with others quickly. ____18____ They feel more comfortable and relaxed with fewer people around. ____19____ For example, some behaviors that are considered polite or acceptable by “e” people may be considered impolite by “i” people. For example, “e” people may interrupt (打断) others in conversation, which can make “i” people feel uncomfortable. ____20____ “i” people may become more outgoing as they practice socializing and get confidence (自信), while “e” people may become less interested in making new friends as they age and only look for relaxation and a quiet “me time”. Want to know what kind of person you are? Come to have an MBTI test now! A. Let’s check some of them. B. However, people can gradually change over time. C. They enjoy meeting new people and attending parties. D. But “i” people would like to be with a smaller group of people. E. Besides, “e” people and “i” people may have different ideas about the same behavior. 【答案】17. C 18. D 19. E 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲了“e”型和“i”型两种人的区别。 【17题详解】 根据“According to a survey, ‘e’ people are more outgoing and active in social relations than ‘i’ people.”可知，说的是社交情况。选项C“他们喜欢结识新朋友和参加聚会”符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据“They feel more comfortable and relaxed with fewer people around.”可知，说是喜欢人少。选项D“但‘i’类人更愿意和一小群人在一起”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据“For example, some behaviors that are considered polite or acceptable by ‘e’ people may be considered impolite by ‘i’ people.”可知，此处说是不同的看法。选项E“此外，‘e’人和‘i’人对同一行为可能有不同的想法”符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据“‘I’ people may become more outgoing as they practice socializing and get confidence (自信), while ‘e’ people may become less interested in making new friends as they age and only look for relaxation and a quiet ‘me time’.”可知，此处说的是时间的变化。选项B“然而，人们可以随着时间的推移而逐渐改变”符合语境。故选B。 三、语言运用 （共20小题；每小题1分，计20分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使短文意思完整。第一个方框供1～5 小题选用，第二个方框供6～10小题选用。每个选项只用一次，每框有一项剩余。 A．how to B．as C．easily D．beautiful E．what to F．a set of Baduanjin, an exercise traditionally connected with the elderly has become popular among young people in China now. Videos about Baduanjin can ____21____ be found on bilibili. Recently, one video that is teaching the public ____22____ perform Baduanjin has got 10 million likes. Baduanjin is ____23____ independent and complete exercises that has a history of over 800 years. The ancient people regard these movements ____24____ “brocade (锦)”. It meant colorful and ____25____. They considered the movements as a practice with excellent health benefits (益处) and perfect art skills. A．Compared to B．by time C．more suitable D．by space E．divided into F．physical In modern times, the Baduanjin exercise has changed a lot. It is ____26____ eight parts, with each part having one movement. It doesn’t need any equipment (设备) and is not influenced ____27____, making it simple to learn for people of all ages. ____28____ other traditional exercises like Tai Chi and Wuqinxi, Baduanjin is considered ____29____ for beginners because of its softer and easier movements. In fact, some colleges have introduced Baduanjin into their ____30____ education course, providing useful videos for PE teachers and students. Many college students think it is an affordable social activity for them. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. F 24. B 25. D 26. E 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. F 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍八段锦。 【21题详解】 句意：在哔哩哔哩上很容易找到有关八段锦的视频。分析句子可知横线上缺少副词修饰found，所给词“easily”容易地，符合语境。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：近日，一则教大家打八段锦的视频获得了千万点赞。根据“teaching the public...perform Baduanjin”教大家……八段锦，所以“how to”如何，符合语境。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：八段锦是一套独立完整的功法，已有800多年的历史。根据“...independent and complete exercises”……独立完整的功法，“a set of”一套，符合语境。故选F。 【24题详解】 句意：古人将这种动作称为“锦”。考查“regard as”当做。故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：它意味着色彩缤纷、美丽。根据“colorful and”可知，横线上是形容词，“beautiful”漂亮的，符合语境。故选D。 【26题详解】 句意：它分为八个部分，每个部分有一个动作。根据“It is ...eight parts”它被……八部分，“divided into”分成，符合语境。故选E。 【27题详解】 句意：不需要任何设备，不受空间影响，简单易学，适合各个年龄段的人学习。根据“is not influenced...”不被……影响，指这种运动不受空间影响，“by space”被空间，符合语境。故选D。 【28题详解】 句意：与太极拳、五禽戏等传统练习相比，八段锦因其动作更加柔和、轻松而被认为更适合初学者。根据“...other traditional exercises like Tai Chi and Wuqinxi,”……太极拳、五禽戏等传统练习，“Compared to”相比，符合语境。故选A。 【29题详解】 句意：与太极拳、五禽戏等传统练习相比，八段锦因其动作更加柔和、轻松而被认为更适合初学者。根据“because of its softer and easier movements”因其动作更加柔和、轻松，所以是适合初学者，“more suitable”更加合适，符合语境。故选C。 【30题详解】 句意：事实上，一些高校已将八段锦引入体育课程，为体育师生提供有用的视频。根据“providing useful videos for PE teachers and students”可知进入了体育课。故选F。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Following the Lantern Festival, the Huazhao Festival is the next cheerful celebration on China’s ___31___ (tradition) festival calendar. With a history of over 2,000 years, the Huazhao Festival ___32___ (hold) in celebration of the flower goddess’ birthday. Due to the different climates (气候) in different parts of China, people hold celebrations ___33___ the 2nd, 12th, 15th or 25th day of the second month on the Chinese lunar calendar. According to ancient beliefs, the flower goddess controlled human reproduction (繁衍). At that time, people believed that the more members a family had, the ___34___ (happy) it would be. So it later ___35___ (become) a custom to celebrate the birthday of the flower goddess. At the Huazhao Festival, spring outings were popular in ancient China. ___36___ the festival is in early spring, it is exactly the time ___37___ (have) an outing to admire the beauty of flowers. In addition, people cut colorful cloth into pieces and tied them to the branches of flowers, which is called “shanghong”. At the Huazhao Festival, people in many places planted flowers and vegetables. It was believed that flowers and vegetables planted on that day would survive (存活) ___38___ (easy). Around the festival, people also dug wild vegetables. ___39___ (eat) wild vegetables in early spring was believed to improve health and prevent disease. The Huazhao Festival, which ___40___ (remain) silent for centuries, is now celebrated by more and more people in many parts of China. Some people wear hanfu—a Chinese style of clothing on this day to celebrate the festival. 【答案】31. traditional 32. is held 33. on 34. happier 35. became 36. Because 37. to have 38. easily 39. Eating 40. has remained 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了花朝节的由来和庆祝时间。 【31题详解】 句意：继元宵节之后，花朝节是中国传统节日日历上下一个欢乐的庆典。tradition“传统”，名词，此处用其形容词形式修饰名词短语festival calendar“节日日历”。故填traditional。 【32题详解】 句意：花朝节有着2000多年的历史，它是为了庆祝花神的生日而举行的。hold“举行”，主语“the Huazhao Festival”与动词hold之间是被动关系，句子应用被动语态，时态为一般现在时，主语为单数。故填is held。 【33题详解】 句意：由于中国不同地区的气候不同，人们在农历二月初二、十二、十五或二十五举行庆祝活动。在具体的某一天用介词on。故填on。 【34题详解】 句意：当时，人们认为一个家庭的成员越多，就越幸福。the+比较级…, the+比较级…表示“越……，就越……”。此处用happy的比较级形式。故填happier。 【35题详解】 句意：所以后来为花神庆祝生日成了一种习俗。根据上文“At that time, people believed that”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。故填became。 【36题详解】 句意：因为这个节日在早春，所以正是外出观赏鲜花美景的时候。“节日在早春”是“外出观赏鲜花美景”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句，首字母大写。故填Because。 【37题详解】 句意：因为这个节日在早春，所以正是外出观赏鲜花美景的时候。此处用不定式作后置定语修饰the time。故填to have。 【38题详解】 句意：人们相信当天种植的鲜花和蔬菜会容易存活下来。easy“容易的”，此处用其副词形式修饰动词survive 。故填easily。 【39题详解】 句意：早春吃野菜被认为可以改善健康和预防疾病。根据“was believed to improve health and prevent disease.”可知，此处是动名词作主语，首字母大写。故填Eating。 【40题详解】 句意：花朝节沉寂了几个世纪，现在在中国许多地方被越来越多的人庆祝。根据“for centuries”可知，时态为现在完成时，主语为单数。故填has remained。 四、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Why is the sea salt? Long before we discovered scientific ways of thinking about it, we explained it in a story. Even though the answer isn’t scientific, it holds some other truth in it-especially about the human heart. Long ago, a poor old couple lived on the coast. One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave him a meal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉机) and said, “ Say ‘Mill, please g rind (磨粉)’, and it’ll make whatever you want, to stop it, say ‘Mill, please cease (停止) grinding’.” Soon the old couple had a much better life. They’d been happy people, and they didn’t need much more. But the young couple next door were very greedy (贪婪的) and they were never satisfied. When they saw the old couple wearing good clothes and buying good food, they burnt with envy (羡慕). So one day the young husband went to the old couple’s house secretly and heard, “Mill, please grind hot chocolate!” He was surprised to see it coming out. Then the young couple stole the mi ll from the old couple. With it, they rode a horse and set off down the coast, where no one would know them. Along the way, the husband showed proudly and asked, “What do you want it to make?” “Oh, I don’t know. Why not salt?” the wife said. “Mill, please g rind salt!” he said.” It works!” the wife shouted. But then they noticed the salt went everywhere. “Make it stop,” the wife said. But the husband didn’t know how. “Mill, please stop grinding! Please, no more!” His words didn’t work. The mill kept grinding. Finally, the young husband threw the mill into the sea as far as he could. And there it’s been, for hundreds of years, endlessly grinding salt. 41. Is the passage a science fiction or a folk story? ________________________________ 42. Why do you think the storyteller gave the old couple a coffee mill? ________________________________ 43. What did the young couple do when they saw the old couple’ life became better? ________________________________ 44. Why was the mill thrown into the sea? ________________________________ 45. What “truth” does the passage hold in it? ________________________________ 【答案】41. A folk story. 42. Because they gave him a meal. 43. They stole the mill, rode a horse and set off down the coast where no one would know them. 44. Because the young couple didn’t know how to stop it from grinding. 45. Being satisfied. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇民间故事。主要讲述海水为什么是咸的，并且告诉我们一个道理：要知足。 【41题详解】 根据“Long before we discovered scientific ways of thinking about it, we explained it in a story. Even though the answer isn’t scientific, it holds some other truth in it-especially about the human heart.”可知，后文将用故事的形式介绍了海水为什么是咸的，因此可推知这是一个民间故事。故填A folk story. 【42题详解】 根据“One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave him a meal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉机)”可知，一个老故事讲述者来到老夫妇村庄，老夫妇给他提供了一顿饭，作为回报，他给了他们一个磨粉机。故填Because they gave him a meal. 【43题详解】 根据“Then the young couple stole the mill from the old couple. With it, they rode a horse and set off down the coast, where no one would know them.”可知，年轻夫妇偷走了老夫妇的磨粉机，他们骑马出发沿着海岸线去了一个没有人认识他们的地方。故填They stole the mill, rode a horse and set off down the coast where no one would know them. 【44题详解】 根据“But then they noticed the salt went everywhere. ‘Make it stop,‘ the wife said. But the husband didn’t know how. ‘Mill, please stop grinding! Please, no more!’ His words didn’t work. The mill kept grinding.”可知，年轻夫妇无法停止磨粉机停止磨粉，因此他们将磨粉机扔进了大海。故填Because the young couple didn’t know how to stop it from grinding. 【45题详解】 根据“Soon the old couple had a much better life. They’d been happy people, and they didn’t need much more. But the young couple next door were very greedy (贪婪的) and they were never satisfied.”可知，故事中老夫妻知足，所以生活幸福，而年轻夫妻贪婪、不知足，结果偷了磨粉机后也没能如愿。因此truth指的是“要知足”。故填Being satisfied. ____________________________________________ 五、补全对话（共4小题；（某）小题2分，其它每小题1分，计5分） 国德下面对话，立得个空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话充整，合乎情境 M: Hi, Cindy! The summer vacation is coming. What are you going to do? W: Nothing much. What about you? M: I plan to go to Thailand with my family. I know you have been there. ____46____? W: I have been there three times. So I know a lot about it. M: And I heard that you went there last summer. ____47____? W: I visited some places of interest and tried some Thai food. It was really delicious! M: Wow, that sounds fantastic! ____48____? W: It was really hot there. M: By the way, I know the elephant is one of Thailand’s symbols. Did you see any elephants there? W: Yes. I’ve also learned that the elephants are in great danger. M: I’m sorry to hear that. So what should we do to save them? W: ____49____. M: I hope that our actions can make a difference to the elephants. 【答案】46. How many times have you been there? 47. What did you do there? 48. How was the weather there?/ What was the weather like there?/ What about the weather?/ How about the weather? 49. We must save the trees and not buy things made of ivory. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【解析】 【导语】本文是辛迪与另一个人之间的对话，辛迪在谈论计划和家人去泰国旅行，对方介绍自己去泰国旅行的情况。 【46题详解】 根据“I have been there three times”可知，此处询问对方去过那里几次，故填How many times have you been there? 【47题详解】 根据“I visited some places of interest and tried some Thai food.”可知，此处询问对方在那里做了什么，故填What did you do there? 【48题详解】 根据“It was really hot there.”可知，此处询问那里的天气情况，故填How was the weather there?/ What was the weather like there?/ What about the weather?/ How about the weather? 【49题详解】 根据“So what should we do to save them?”可知，此处回答为了挽救大象我们应该做的事，例如多种树，不买象牙制品等，故填We must save the trees and not buy things made of ivory. 六、书面表达 （计15分） 50. 自从进入九年级以来，不少同学遇到了困惑、烦恼等麻烦事。面对这些麻烦事，聪明的你是怎么解决的呢？请以“That Day，I Solved a Trouble”（《那天，我解决了一个麻烦》）为题写一篇英语短文，向你校英文专刊投稿。 The following questions are for your reference（参考）： *What trouble did you meet with? *How did you solve the trouble? *What did you learn from this experience? 注意： 1. 内容涵盖所有要点，可适当发挥。 2. 词数100左右（已给出的开头不计入总词数）。 3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 That Day, I Solved a Trouble Since I became a Grade 9 student, I have had a colourful school life. However, I still meet with some troubles. One day, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： That Day, I Solved a Trouble Since I became a Grade 9 student, I have had a colourful school life. However, I still meet with some troubles. One day, it was my grandma’s eightieth birthday. It was really a meaningful day for my family. Since my parents were occupied with the decoration of the house, they asked me to order a cake. However, I was so careless that I left the matter behind my mind when my friends invited me to play basketball that day. I felt sorry for that, but I didn’t lose myself in self-blame. I made a handmade cake with cookies and colourful candies. Grandma was very happy when she saw the special cake. When terrible things happen, what we should do is not to find fault with others, but to use our intelligent brain to solve them. In our daily life, there are occasions when we are faced with something unpleasant. And self-blame, which is always the first choice of some people, is really of little use in solving the problems. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为投稿作文； ② 时态：时态叙述过去用“一般过去时”，得到的教训/学会的经验部分用“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点，并适当添加细节，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍你遇到了什么麻烦； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容。包括你是怎么解决这个麻烦的； 第三步，描述你从这次经历中得到的教训/学会的经验。 [亮点词汇] ① be occupied with忙于 ② invite sb. to do sth.邀请某人做某事 ③ be faced with面对 ④ hate doing讨厌做某事 ⑤ mind washing介意做某事 [高分句型] ① Since my parents were occupied with the decoration of the house, they asked me to order a cake.（since引导的原因状语从句） ② However, I was so careless that I left the matter behind my mind when my friends invited me to play basketball that day.（so...that引导的结果状语从句；when引导的时间状语从句） ③ Grandma was very happy when she saw the special cake.（when引导的时间状语从句） ④ When terrible things happen, what we should do is not to find fault with others, but to use our intelligent brain to solve them.（when引导的时间状语从句；what引导的主语从句） ⑤ In our daily life, there are occasions when we are faced with something unpleasant.（when引导的定语从句） ⑥ And self-blame, which is always the first choice of some people, is really of little use in solving the problems.（which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年初中学业水平考试模拟试题 (B卷） 英 语 2024.05 （时间 120 分钟 总分 100 分） 注意事项： 1.本试卷共8页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在答题纸和答题卡规定的位置。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。 2.非选择题答在答题纸上，答在本试卷上不得分。 一、听力理解（共20小题；每小题1分，计20分） （一）听对话，选择与对话内容相对应的图片。每组对话读两遍。 A. B. C. D. E. F. 1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ 4. ______ 5. ______ （二）听对话，根据对话内容，选择最佳答案。每组对话和问题读两遍。 6. What does John want to be? A. A singer. B. A pilot. C. A dancer. 7. How will Jenny and Tom go to the park? A. By bike. B. By taxi. C. On foot. 8. What does Linda prefer to do? A. See the new play. B. Do some shopping. C. Go to the bank. 9. What's the probable relationship between Cathy and Peter? A. Strangers. B. Classmates. C. Workmates. 10. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At a restaurant. B. At a flower shop. C. At a concert. （三）听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。 11. Jane stayed in an old hotel that was built 300 years ago. 12. Jane only visited the Great Wall on holiday in China. 13. Jane talked about Chinese culture with a primary school student. 14. Jane spent 12 hours to get to London by plane from China yesterday. 15. Jane wants to see a small part of China and go back to China next year. （四）听对话，根据对话内容完成下列句子，每空词数不限。对话读三遍。听对话前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。注意：请将答案填写在答题卡指定区域。 16. What's Tom going to do this Saturday? He's going to ______ this Saturday. 17. When will it start? It will start at about ______. 18. How can Betty get there? Go along Zhonghua Road. Then ______ at the second crossing. 19. Where is Tom's new house? It's ______ the supermarket. 20. What does Betty think of taking a bus? She thinks it is ______. 二、阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，计30分） （一）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 A A whale of a story Background knowledge In air, sound travels more than 300 meters every second (about 750 miles per hour). In water, it travels five times faster, at about 1,500 meters every second. Whales use their vocal cords to make sounds. They also have a very good sense of hearing. The sounds that they make travel for thousands of kilometers through the oceans and can be heard by other whales far away. Science activity The figures in the table on the right show how many meters sound travels every second in different materials. 1. How fast does sound travel in the air? A. About 750 miles per hour. B. More than 300 meters every hour. C. About 1,500 meters every second 2. In which material does sound travel the fastest? A. B. C. 3. What kind of animals can hear sounds the most quickly in the same distance? A. Goldfish in the lake. B. Birds in the sky. C. Whales in the ocean. 4. In which part of a magazine can you find this passage? A. Story part. B. Science part. C. Ocean part. B He was an old man who fished alone in a boat and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boy’s parents had told him that the old man was now exactly and finally salao, which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty and be always went down to help him carry fishing tools. The old man was thin with deep wrinkles (皱纹) in the back of his neck. His hands had the deep scars (疤) from dealing with heavy fish. But none of these scars were fresh. Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful and full of confidence. “Santiago,” the boy said to him as they climbed from the bank where the boat was pulled up. “I could go with you again. We’ve made some money.” The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him. “No.” the old man said. “You’re with a lucky boat. Stay with them.” “But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks.” “I remember,” the old man said. “I know you did not leave me willingly.” “It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must do what he told me to.” “I know.” the old man said. “I quite understand that.” “He hasn’t much faith (信念).” “No.” the old man said. “But we have. Haven’t we?” “Yes.” the boy said. “Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we’ll take the fishing tools home.” “Why not?” the old man said. “Between fishermen.” They sat on the Terrace and many of the fishermen made fun of the old man and he was not angry. Some other older fishermen looked at him and were sad. But they didn’t show it and they spoke politely about the sea, the weather and of what they had seen. —Adapted from The old man and the sea 5. How many days did the old man go fishing with the boy according to Paragraph 1? A. Forty. B. Forty-four. C. Eighty-four. 6. What does the underlined word “that” refer to? A The boy would leave him sooner or later. B. The boy had to listen to his parents and left him. C. He couldn’t catch fish because he was too old. 7. What is the right order of the story about the boy in the passage? ① The old man caught some big fish with the boy. ② The old man taught the boy how to fish on the sea. ③ The boy wanted to go fishing with the old man again ④ The boy helped the old man take the fishing tools home. A. ①④③② B. ②①③④ C. ②③④① 8. From the story we can know that the old man was ________. A. man who often showed off B. a man who never gave up C. a man who sometimes got angry C Chinese writing has a history of six or seven thousand years. Calligraphy (书法), the art of writing, is almost as old as writing itself. In ancient times, written Chinese was first symbols and pictures. Then, they gradually became characters. Later, characters and even full sentences were written on animal bones or shells for communication. With time passing by, a number of written forms appeared. Each had its own local style. In the 3rd century BC, the First Emperor, Qinshihuang, set the same standard for the written characters—“small seal script”. It was first used in his own state of Qin, then in the whole nation. That writing system was very important in uniting (联合) the Chinese people and culture. At the same time, Cheng Miao developed another style called “clerical” script. It used short, straight brush strokes (笔画) to write quickly. By Han times, calligraphers had created a new style known as “regular” script. From the Tang Dynasty, it became the standard form used in government exams. Over the centuries, Chinese artists and people with knowledge saw beauty in the forms of their written language. They turned calligraphy into one of the fine arts, in which calligraphers expressed themselves. In the Tang Dynasty, calligraphy was helpful for a person to get a place in the government. The tools of calligraphy were simple enough. What we needed were the Four Treasures of the study: a brush, ink (墨), an ink stone and a writing surface. Students of calligraphy practiced the main types of script and improved their skills by copying the works of past masters. With the increase of their knowledge and practice, they slowly developed their own styles. The art of calligraphy reached a high point in the 4th century. At that time, calligrapher Wang Xizhi was often regarded as the greatest master. Calligraphy remains a living art form to this day. It has become part of the school courses to pass on the Chinese culture. 9. In ancient China, when characters appeared, they were written on ________. A. bamboo B. cloth C. bones or shells 10. Which written form can be used in government exams? A. Regular script. B. Small seal script. C. Clerical script. 11. Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A. The art of calligraphy has been around six or seven thousand years. B. The greatest representative figures (代表人物) was Wang Xizhi. C. Three tools of calligraphy are mentioned in this passage. 12. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A. B. C. D Zebra crossings can tell drivers that pedestrians (行人) may be trying to get across. A study reported that three out of four drivers kept the same speed as they were coming near a crossing. Even worse, only 5% stopped even when they saw someone trying to get across. Now a mother-daughter team, Thakkar and Pandya, in Ahmedabad, India have thought out a clever way to get drivers to pay more attention—A zebra crossing with an optical illusion (视错觉). The artists painted these 3-D crosswalks on the highways in Ahmedabad. They wanted to help the city’s residents (居民) to cross the busy roads safely. They had ever seen images of 3-D zebra crossings on the streets in Taizhou, China. They decided to test if their 3-D crosswalks would work in India. Sure enough, in the six months that the 3-D crosswalks have been painted across four of the city’s most dangerous highways, there have been no accidents reported! It may seem that the zebra-crossing could cause the drivers to brake suddenly, but such is not the case. Because of the way the human eye works, the illusion is only seen from a distance. As they get closer, the painting looks just like any other usual zebra crossing. But since the driver is driving slower, he/she is more likely to stop. The artists hope that their smart design will become more and more common in India and perhaps even the world. 13. We can infer (推断) from the report that ________. A. people should go across the road carefully B. a few drivers are not good at their work C. the usual zebra crossings can’t help a lot 14. The artists painted the 3-D crosswalks to ________. A. tell us that they are very talented B. slow drivers and make the roads safer C. copy the images of zebra crossings in Taizhou 15. What does the underlined word “brake” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A Stop the car. B. Turn around. C. Lose his way. 16. According to the passage, what is the artists’ dream? A. Everyone will follow the traffic rules. B Drivers will pay more attention to pedestrians. C. There will be more 3-D crosswalks all over the world. E 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Are you an “e” person or “i” person? Do you know the differences? In this essay, we will talk about the differences between “e” people and “i” people. Those two kinds of people are very different. According to a survey, “e” people are more outgoing and active in social relations than “i” people. ____17____ On the other hand, “i” people prefer to spend time alone or in small groups than communicating with others. When it comes to making friends, “e” people prefer to have a larger circle of friends and build stronger connections with others quickly. ____18____ They feel more comfortable and relaxed with fewer people around. ____19____ For example, some behaviors that are considered polite or acceptable by “e” people may be considered impolite by “i” people. For example, “e” people may interrupt (打断) others in conversation, which can make “i” people feel uncomfortable. ____20____ “i” people may become more outgoing as they practice socializing and get confidence (自信), while “e” people may become less interested in making new friends as they age and only look for relaxation and a quiet “me time”. Want to know what kind of person you are? Come to have an MBTI test now! A. Let’s check some of them. B. However, people can gradually change over time. C. They enjoy meeting new people and attending parties. D But “i” people would like to be with a smaller group of people. E. Besides, “e” people and “i” people may have different ideas about the same behavior. 三、语言运用 （共20小题；每小题1分，计20分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使短文意思完整。第一个方框供1～5 小题选用，第二个方框供6～10小题选用。每个选项只用一次，每框有一项剩余。 A．how to B．as C．easily D．beautiful E．what to F．a set of Baduanjin, an exercise traditionally connected with the elderly has become popular among young people in China now. Videos about Baduanjin can ____21____ be found on bilibili. Recently, one video that is teaching the public ____22____ perform Baduanjin has got 10 million likes. Baduanjin is ____23____ independent and complete exercises that has a history of over 800 years. The ancient people regard these movements ____24____ “brocade (锦)”. It meant colorful and ____25____. They considered the movements as a practice with excellent health benefits (益处) and perfect art skills. A．Compared to B．by time C．more suitable D．by space E．divided into F．physical In modern times, the Baduanjin exercise has changed a lot. It is ____26____ eight parts, with each part having one movement. It doesn’t need any equipment (设备) and is not influenced ____27____, making it simple to learn for people of all ages. ____28____ other traditional exercises like Tai Chi and Wuqinxi, Baduanjin is considered ____29____ for beginners because of its softer and easier movements. In fact, some colleges have introduced Baduanjin into their ____30____ education course, providing useful videos for PE teachers and students. Many college students think it is an affordable social activity for them. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Following the Lantern Festival, the Huazhao Festival is the next cheerful celebration on China’s ___31___ (tradition) festival calendar. With a history of over 2,000 years, the Huazhao Festival ___32___ (hold) in celebration of the flower goddess’ birthday. Due to the different climates (气候) in different parts of China, people hold celebrations ___33___ the 2nd, 12th, 15th or 25th day of the second month on the Chinese lunar calendar. According to ancient beliefs, the flower goddess controlled human reproduction (繁衍). At that time, people believed that the more members a family had, the ___34___ (happy) it would be. So it later ___35___ (become) a custom to celebrate the birthday of the flower goddess. At the Huazhao Festival, spring outings were popular in ancient China. ___36___ the festival is in early spring, it is exactly the time ___37___ (have) an outing to admire the beauty of flowers. In addition, people cut colorful cloth into pieces and tied them to the branches of flowers, which is called “shanghong”. At the Huazhao Festival, people in many places planted flowers and vegetables. It was believed that flowers and vegetables planted on that day would survive (存活) ___38___ (easy). Around the festival, people also dug wild vegetables. ___39___ (eat) wild vegetables in early spring was believed to improve health and prevent disease. The Huazhao Festival, which ___40___ (remain) silent for centuries, is now celebrated by more and more people in many parts of China. Some people wear hanfu—a Chinese style of clothing on this day to celebrate the festival. 四、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，计10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Why is the sea salt? Long before we discovered scientific ways of thinking about it, we explained it in a story. Even though the answer isn’t scientific, it holds some other truth in it-especially about the human heart. Long ago, a poor old couple lived on the coast. One day, an old storyteller came to their village. The old couple gave him a meal. In return, he gave them a coffee mill (磨粉机) and said, “ Say ‘Mill, please g rind (磨粉)’, and it’ll make whatever you want, to stop it, say ‘Mill, please cease (停止) grinding’.” Soon the old couple had a much better life. They’d been happy people, and they didn’t need much more. But the young couple next door were very greedy (贪婪的) and they were never satisfied. When they saw the old couple wearing good clothes and buying good food, they burnt with envy (羡慕). So one day the young husband went to the old couple’s house secretly and heard, “Mill, please grind hot chocolate!” He was surprised to see it coming out. Then the young couple stole the mi ll from the old couple. With it, they rode a horse and set off down the coast, where no one would know them. Along the way, the husband showed proudly and asked, “What do you want it to make?” “Oh, I don’t know. Why not salt?” the wife said. “Mill, please g rind salt!” he said.” It works!” the wife shouted. But then they noticed the salt went everywhere. “Make it stop,” the wife said. But the husband didn’t know how. “Mill, please stop grinding! Please, no more!” His words didn’t work. The mill kept grinding. Finally, the young husband threw the mill into the sea as far as he could. And there it’s been, for hundreds of years, endlessly grinding salt. 41. Is the passage a science fiction or a folk story? ________________________________ 42. Why do you think the storyteller gave the old couple a coffee mill? ________________________________ 43. What did the young couple do when they saw the old couple’ life became better? ________________________________ 44. Why was the mill thrown into the sea? ________________________________ 45. What “truth” does the passage hold in it? ________________________________ ____________________________________________ 五、补全对话（共4小题；（某）小题2分，其它每小题1分，计5分） 国德下面对话，立得个空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话充整，合乎情境 M: Hi, Cindy! The summer vacation is coming. What are you going to do? W: Nothing much. What about you? M: I plan to go to Thailand with my family. I know you have been there. ____46____? W: I have been there three times. So I know a lot about it. M: And I heard that you went there last summer. ____47____? W: I visited some places of interest and tried some Thai food. It was really delicious! M: Wow, that sounds fantastic! ____48____? W: It was really hot there. M: By the way, I know the elephant is one of Thailand’s symbols. Did you see any elephants there? W: Yes. I’ve also learned that the elephants are in great danger. M: I’m sorry to hear that. So what should we do to save them? W: ____49____. M: I hope that our actions can make a difference to the elephants. 六、书面表达 （计15分） 50. 自从进入九年级以来，不少同学遇到了困惑、烦恼等麻烦事。面对这些麻烦事，聪明的你是怎么解决的呢？请以“That Day，I Solved a Trouble”（《那天，我解决了一个麻烦》）为题写一篇英语短文，向你校英文专刊投稿。 The following questions are for your reference（参考）： *What trouble did you meet with? *How did you solve the trouble? *What did you learn from this experience? 注意： 1. 内容涵盖所有要点，可适当发挥。 2. 词数100左右（已给出的开头不计入总词数）。 3. 文中不得提及有关考生个人身份任何信息，如校名、人名等。 That Day, I Solved a Trouble Since I became a Grade 9 student, I have had a colourful school life. However, I still meet with some troubles. One day, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$