江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2024年（三年）中考二模英语试题汇编：阅读理解

江苏省南通市如皋市2022-2024年（三年）中考二模英语试题汇编 阅读理解 2024年江苏省南通市如皋市中考二模英语试题（含解析） 三、阅读理解 ________ of Jeans’ Microfibers (微纤维) You may know that things like car emissions (排放) and plastics are bad for our Earth. But how about washing your jeans? Scientists find that washing a pair of jeans can give out about 56,000 microfibers. These fibers are less than 5 millimeters long. They can go from our washing machines all the way to the sea. This is bad for the Earth and even harms our health. 31．Which part of a magazine is the reading material most probably taken from? A．Culture. B．Fashion. C．Environment. D．Technology. 32．Which word is the most suitable for ________? A．Journey B．Chance C．Dream D．Challenge 33．According to the passage, to reduce harm to the Earth and our health, you should ________. A．wash and kill bacteria every two weeks B．wash your jeans often to save energy C．test your jeans after 15 months of wear D．wear jeans for more days before washing If you are looking to get a better understanding of the world around you, chemistry is the perfect subject to study. It’s a study of matter (物质), its properties — ways in which it behaves in special conditions, and how it interacts with everything around it. At the heart of all the discoveries, such as medicine, cooking, and several other areas, is one important table that organizes elements based on their atomic number and chemical properties: the periodic table. Although the first periodic table was published in 1869, it was a work in progress for hundreds, if not thousands of years. Since ancient times, people have been interested in elements such as gold, tin, iron and copper (which are written as Au, Sn, Fe and Cu in the table) in their natural forms. They were dug up from the ground and used to make jewelry, guns, coins, and many other things. Over time, people became more curious about these metals and how they were made up. In ancient Greece, Aristotle and other philosophers said things were made from the elements of earth, water, fire and air. For years, this idea was accepted. Then people began to consider this idea again during the Age of Enlightenment. In 1661, Irish scientist Robert Boyle described an element as something that “cannot be broken down into a simpler matter by a chemical reaction”. Over a century later, Antone-Laurent de Lavoisier, Father of Chemistry, would publish the first modern textbook on chemistry. In it, he listed some matter which he believed should be divided as elements into two groups: metals and non-metals. Although his work wasn’t completely correct, it represented a big step forward at that time. Over the next century, scientists started to divide the elements into different groups depending on their properties and atomic weights. However, it is Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev who is usually believed as the first person to make a periodic table. Although other scientists had handed in tables, they were finally refused by the scientific community because they were short of details. Mendeleev put all of the elements in a proper order according to their atomic mass. He was even smart enough to leave empty spaces for elements which hadn’t been discovered at the time. Although Mendeleev’s periodic table wasn’t perfect, it set the way or order which is similar to the one used today. 34．Why did people first become interested in elements? A．Many people wanted to be like a scientist. B．They wanted to use metal s to make things. C．People in ancient times was crazy about science. D．They thought chemistry are useful for everything. 35．The writer mentioned Antonie-Laurent de Lavoisie ________. A．to require us to care about the history B．to encourage us to discover and think C．to advise us to respect the great chemist D．to remind us to pay attention to his contribution 36．What can we learn from the passage? A．The influence of chemistry is the easiest to see in the real world. B．Aristotle was spoken highly of during the Age of Enlightenment. C．Mendeleev is usually considered the first person to create the table. D．Robert Boyle was the one who wrote down every element on Earth. 37．This passage is mainly about ________. A．what the table is like B．why the table is popular C．how the table developed D．when the table first appeared Long ago, there was a judge who was famous throughout the land. When two people argued, the judge was always able to find a solution that was fair to both people, whether they were rich or poor. One day, the judge went to a busy market. Merchants (商人) were selling live chickens, fruits, vegetables, and just about anything else you could think of. As he walked through the market, the judge saw that a large crowd had gathered outside a shop that sold live chickens. The judge walked near the crowd and asked a woman what was going on. “A poor farmer was carrying a heavy sack (麻布大袋),” said the woman. “He accidentally fell down and dropped the sack on a chicken, killing it. The chicken belonged to the rich and greedy merchant who owns this shop,” she said, pointing to the shop. The judge could hear two men shouting at each other. “It was lucky I was passing by,” thought the judge. “There is clearly an argument going on, and I am going to solve it.” “Excuse me!” said the judge in a loud voice to the crowd. “Please let me through.” ①When people turned and saw the judge, they quickly moved aside to let him pass through. The two men who were arguing saw the judge coming near. ②Then they stopped shouting and bowed to the judge. “Please help us solve our argument,” they said. “Tell me what happened,” the judge said to the merchant who owned the shop that sold chickens. “This farmer killed one of my chickens,” said the merchant. “Now he must pay for it!” The judge asked to see the dead chicken. “It is quite a small young chicken,” said the judge. “That is true,” said the merchant. “But in another two years that chicken would have grown large and fat. I can get 100 coins for a large, fat chicken. This farmer owes me 100 coins!” ③The farmer was too afraid to speak. A hundred coins was a huge amount of money for him. Everyone in the town, including the judge, knew the farmer couldn’t make enough money to buy clothes for his many children. “I order you to pay this merchant 100 coins,” the judge said to the farmer. ④The crowd stood there with their mouth open in surprise. How could the farmer ever pay? The greedy merchant was overjoyed. The judge turned to the merchant. “How much grain does a chicken eat in two years?” asked the judge. “One large sack of grain,” said the merchant. He exaggerated (夸张) to prove the high price he charged for his dead chicken. “By killing this chicken, the farmer has saved you a large sack of grain,” said the judge. “I order you to give the sack of grain you have saved to the farmer.” The merchant turned pale and hung his head. A large sack of grain was worth much more than 100 coins. “I forgive this man for killing my chicken,” said the merchant. “I will take no money from him, as long as I do not have to give him a sack of grain.” “As you wish,” said the judge, who was seen to smile as he walked away. 38．What’s the right order of the following events in this story? a. The farmer killed the merchant’s chicken by accident. b. The judge ordered the farmer to pay for the dead chicken. c. The merchant promised not to take money from the farmer. d. The judge decided to help solve the argument in the market. A．a-b-d-c B．b-d-c-a C．a-d-b-c D．c-a-b-d 39．What can we learn about the farmer and the merchant according to the story? A．The merchant played a trick on the judge. B．The merchant got along well with the poor. C．The farmer made a living by selling vegetables. D．The farmer couldn’t afford clothes for his many children. 40．Which underlined sentences can show people’s respect for the judge? A．①② B．①④ C．②③ D．③④ 41．Which of the following can show the change of the merchant’s feelings? A．sad — nervous — happy B．angry — sad — worried C．angry — satisfied — unhappy D．sad — helpless — excited ①More researchers are turning to artificial intelligence (AI) to monitor the enivironment and support endangered creatures. Unlike traditional methods that can damage the environment or require considerable (相当多的) time and physical work, AI has the ability to quickly and effectively deal with large quantities of data (数据). Let’s learn more details together. ②Creatures are disappearing at a speed thousands of times faster than that millions of years ago, with one million creatures endangered. The United Nations set a goal in 2020 to safeguard at least 30% of Earth’s land and oceans by the end of 2030. “AI is imperfect but could make important discoveries faster and earlier.” says Nicolas Mialhe, founder of The Future Society, an organization that aims to better manage Al. “We need skilled humans to design AI models and check and collect data.” ③A type of AI model called a convolutional neural network (CNN) has been developed to recognize bird sounds. The CNN is able to pick out 75 kinds of the birds the researchers have. “Our results prove that AI is ready for recognizing creatures in the wild from sound.” says Maller, the team leader. “All that is needed now is more training data collected by humans.” ④Besides monitoring creatures in real time, AI can be used to model the impacts of human activities on the environment and rebuild historical changes. Researchers have used AI to discover how a century’s environmental damage in a river has led to creature loss. ⑤Although it is well-known that human activities have resulted in creature loss in rivers and lakes, little is known about which activities have the largest impact. “AI will do soon,” says Luisa Orsini, a researcher from the University of Birmingham. 42．What can we infer from the words Nicolas Miailhe’s and Maller’s said? A．AI models can be designed by everyone. B．AI models have alreadly developed perfectly. C．AI’s ability needs CNN to discover and achieve. D．AI’s ability is much greater than what people imagine. 43．The meaning of the underlined word “impacts” in Paragraph 4 is the closest to ________. A．effects B．chances C．secrets D．purposes 44．What is the structure of the article? A．①②③/④⑤ B．①②/③④⑤ C．①②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 45．Which of the following is true according to the article? A．Al is only used in monitoring the environment and support endangered creatures. B．Researchers have already prevented a century’s environmental damage in a river. C．Creatures are disappearing faster than before with one million creatures endangered. D．Al has spent more time dealing with large quantities of data than traditional methods. 2023年江苏省南通市如皋市中考二模英语试题（含解析） 三、阅读理解（满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 17．（6分） Museum of the Moving Image （MMI） （Monday Closed） As the best museum in New York City and with a balance of hands﹣on（实际操作的）activities and information，it's a special museum that can entertain and educate people of different ages.It's a perfect place for a family trip of a couple of hours. Pros——Excellent movie screenings.Easy subway entrance. Cons——Difficult to reach by car. New York Hall of Science （NYHS） （Monday Closed） Being New York City's only hands﹣on science and technology center，it is an interactive science museum for children.It has the most hands﹣on exhibits in an NYC museum，and it's a fun place for five﹣year﹣old and above.Older people might take great interest in the NASA rockets outside the museum. Pros——Cool interactive science shows，the rockets. Cons——Hard to reach by public transportation. Queens County Farm Museum （QCFM） （Year﹣round 7 days a week） It is a real farm in New York City and home to animals your kids can feed，and it is a yard full of a climbing plant whose fruits can be made into wine.Good chance to meet sheep，goats，chickens and cows!The animals are mostly willing to get along with visitors.And the museum sells food for young hands willing to get licked （舔） by sheep and goats. Pros——Outdoor fun. Cons——Expensive festivals，long bus ride，no subway. Queens Museum of Art （QMA）（Monday and Tuesday Closed） Opened in 1972 to serve as a cultural center for the district （行政区），it presents artworks by local and international artists.Its best exhibits are on the two World's Fairs，and of course，a giant，highly detailed diorama（透视画） Pros——The Panorama，great gift shop.Easy subway entrance. Cons——Not much for kids. （1）What do MMI and NYHS have in common according to the passage？ 　 　 A．Easy public transportation. B．Hands﹣on experiences. C．Impressive science exhibits. D．Entertainment for different ages. （2）What can we know from the passage？ 　 　 A．Visitors can have a wonderful screen time in MMI. B．People can pay a visit to all of the museums on any day. C．The Panorama of the New York City is actually a great gift shop. D．Kids can climb a plant to pick up fruits and make wine in QCFM. （3）You read the article from 　 　 A．a museum design B．a history book C．an ad for a project D．a guide book for visitors 18．（8分）①The octopus（章鱼）is an amazing animal.Scientists have learned that octopuses are clever.But until now，they didn't realize how smart octopuses really were. ②Octopuses are very intelligent.They can learn new things just like humans.They've even learned a few tricks to get themselves out of difficult situations.If an octopus is in danger because of an attacker，such as a shark or a bird，it can use some pretty wonderful skills to get away.Octopuses don't have teeth or sharp paws to protect themselves.Instead，the octopus has swum away or hidden.Octopuses also have the ability to change the color of their bodies to match the color of the things around.Enemies swim right by octopuses without noticing them. ③While diving into the ocean，scientists were surprised to see octopuses use another way to protect themselves.They saw some small octopuses moving coconut（椰子）halves across the ocean floor.The scientists followed the octopuses and discovered that the animals were putting the coconut shells together.When an octopus thought it was in danger，octopuses were able to create a safe ball to protect themselves from danger.Scientists believe that this action shows that octopuses are tool users. ④Crabs（螃蟹）also use shells for protection.But scientists don't think that crabs are tool users.These animals can pick up shells and hide in them，but octopuses can carry shells to another place.Scientists say this shows that octopuses can think ahead about how they will use the shells later. ⑤Besides humans，monkeys and some birds are the most common tool users.But now scientists have put octopuses wit the animals that are intelligent enough to use tools. （1）What does the underlined word "them" refer to？ 　 　 A．The crabs. B．The sharks. C．The octopuses. D．The birds. （2）Which of the following shows the structure of this passage？ 　 　 A． B． C． D． （3）Moving coconut shells from one place to another shows that octopuses 　 　 . A．may find a new place to stay B．may get out of the trouble C．are able to plan for future needs D．are able to learn from crabs （4）What is the writer's purpose in writing this passage？ 　 　 A．To show readers how clever octopuses are. B．To compare octopuses with other tool users. C．To describe how octopuses hide in a coconut shell. D．To encourage readers to learn about octopuses' tools. 19．（8分）When my teenaged son became seriously ill，terrible times for my family began.Our once﹣happy home became tense and depressed（沮丧的）.My husband and I were tired out under the great stress of caring for my son.It was as if we forgot how to communicate﹣we couldn't have a simple conversation without a fighting.Our marriage was on the point of breaking up. One evening，my son and I were talking about gifts.I recalled my first Valentine's present from my husband，a kazoo（卡祖笛）（萨克斯） player.However hard I tried，it just never worked.The kazoo finally got packed away and forgotten.But my son was interested and insisted on seeing it.After some trouble "You couldn't get a sound？What's so hard about it？" my husband asked，amazed.He took the kazoo and blew.Nothing happened.Surprised，he tried again.Still there was no sound.Frustrated，only to produce a funny sound like an angry bumblebee（大黄蜂） trapped in the mouth of a bear.We burst into laughter.My son took a turn to play the kazoo.He did no better than us Seeing his face light up，we felt as if the darkness had lifted and a ray of sunshine was let in.It was the best ten minutes of the past couple of years.The mood stayed light for the rest of the evening.It didn't solve anything.But this experience with the kazoo brought some change in our hearts that always reminds us that there are still things to laugh at and enjoy，and that we can still connect as a family. （1）What influenced the relationship of the couple？ 　 　 A．Fightings between the couple over their marriage. B．Different values the couple shared towards everything. C．Stress and disagreements coming from their son's illness. D．Shortage of money needed for their son's medical treatment. （2）Why did the husband blow the kazoo personally？ 　 　 A．He had a love for playing the kazoo. B．He meant to make his son greatly pleased. C．He wanted to reduce the feeling of depression. D．He did not think it that hard to play the kazoo. （3）What is the turning point of the story？ 　 　 A．The performance of my playing the saxophone. B．My failure to get the kazoo to make a beautiful sound. C．My memory about the Valentine's present from my husband. D．The failed but funny playing of the kazoo by my husband and son. （4）What does the story mainly tell us？ 　 　 A．Bad luck tests the true love. B．Parents are the best teachers. C．Every cloud has a silver lining. D．Music can cure the hurt souls. 20．（8分）Workplaces once had both formal（正式） and informal uniforms.In traditional offices，those at the top of the pyramid would always be found in a suit The rise of the tech world changed this fixed idea.Picture Silicon Valley's most successful leaders，and the clothes that come to mind are jeans，hoodies（连帽衫），success has a different kind of uniform one much more casual （随意）than the suits of the past.This trend（趋势） Then in 2020 the widespread turn to "work from home" upended work dress standards altogether.During the pandemic（疫情），people mostly saw co﹣workers from the shoulders up on video calls.From home，people could perform a major role in a meeting in a collared shirt（拖鞋）.If cameras were off，they could even be in pajamas（睡衣） Now，as workers come back into offices，few companies are asking a return to formal wear. So，what does this mean for dressing for success？With so many different dress standards across companies，is it still possible to "dress for the job you want"？ It is no easy to dress for success.Getting the balance wrong by overdressing can send a bad message.About 79% of workplaces in the US now have a casual dress standard.Turning up in a suit to show their wish for success could actually have a bad influence on others' views on you. The effect of your dressing style depends on who you are.For example，wearing jeans，your boss may seem easy﹣going while you seemingly careless.Still （1）How does the author introduce the topic？ 　 　 A．By making comparisons. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. D．By listing numbers. （2）Which has the closet meaning to the underlined word "upended" in paragraph 3？ 　 　 A．Improve. B．Change. C．Require. D．Challenge. （3）What do we know about dress standards？ 　 　 A．Different companies have different dress standards. B．The trend of dress standards would return to formal wear. C．People follow the same dress standard to achieve success. D．Dress standards are clearly written and understood by people. （4）Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ 　 　 A．Dress whatever as you like. B．Dress like a successful boss. C．Ready for the new dressing style？ D．Does "dressing for success" still matter？ 2022年江苏省南通市如皋市中考二模英语试题（含解析） 三、阅读理解 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 17．（6分）Match balls are important for players' performances.Soccer balls in the FIFA World Cup are always evolving （进化）.Let's check out some famous World Cup balls. Telstar （1970）：It was the first ball to appear on live broadcast.It was made with a black and white pattern so that it was visible（看得见的）on black and white televisions. Azteca （1986）：It was the first ball to include designs inspired by the host nation （Mexico）. Tricolore （1998）：The Tricolore was the first multicolored （多色的） World Cup ball. Tango Espana （1982）：It was the first ball with water﹣resistant （防水的） qualities.It was also the last ball made of leather. Teamgeist （2006）：It was the first ball to change from the 32 panels introduced in 1970.It had just 14 panels. （1）In which part of the newspaper can we read the information above？ 　 　 A．Magic World. B．Sports World. C．Reading Fun. D．Science Study. （2）Which was the first ball used in a live game？ 　 　 A．Tricolore. B．Tango Espana. C．Telstar. D．Teamgeist. （3）Which of the following is true？ 　 　 A．Tango Espana was suitable for wet days. B．Azteca was the last ball made of leather. C．Tricolore was designed by Mexico in 1986. D．Teamgeist was the first ball with 32 panels. 18．（8分）①Dragons exist （存在） in both Eastern and Western world.Some people say that there used to be real dragons，but most agree that they were imaginary creatures. ②Chinese dragons，which appeared eight thousand years ago，are usually considered to be kind.People say that they bring strength，good luck，and health.In ancient China，they do not have wings and fly using magic.The Chinese dragon，sometimes called the Eastern dragon，people born in the "Year of the Dragon" are said to be lucky，brave，energetic and excitable.The Dragon person can make great achievements in life if he or she knows how to make the best use of his or her huge energy，intelligence and talent. ③In Europe，dragons are usually seen as terrible and unkind winged creatures which are different from those in China.Western dragons tend to have many heads，fire﹣breathing（骑士） fighting terrible dragons.Some European dragons are also described as strong and smart creatures.Any knight who killed a dragon was able to get not only its treasure but also its wisdom. ④Whether in China or Western countries，the dragon is undoubtedly a beloved existence in many tales. （1）According to the passage，the Chinese dragon is a kind of creature that 　 　. A．has many heads B．lives on land C．has four claws D．flies with two wings （2）We can infer from the passage that 　 　. A．most Europeans are afraid of the terrible dragons B．European knights can easily kill dragons for wealth C．people born in the Dragon Year must be successful D．Chinese ancient emperors are real dragons with magic （3）Which of the following is the correct structure of the passage？ 　 　 A． B． C． D． （4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？ 　 　 A．The History of Dragons B．The Culture of Dragons C．The Symbols of Dragons D．The Changes of Dragons 19．（8分）David，a policeman，came to a small wooden house about two miles up the mountain to get Cal Richards，he saw an old man watching him closely.When he stepped into the house，he found the old man was holding a gun in his hand. "Government man，aren't you？" said the old man. "Yes，" David answered with a friendly smile. "You must be a Pappy Richards." "Sure.I'm Cal's pa.And you're not going to get him." The gun pointed at David. David looked around the house and didn't see any sign of Cal. "I've been to do it，" he said. "But I can see he isn't here today.I guess I'll have to come again." Just then he caught sight of a violin hanging on the wall. "Who plays the violin？" he asked. For a moment there was silence.In fact，Cal's pa played the violin best in the area，but he did not answer David crossed the room to the instrument and felt sweat （汗） on his forehead，but he took the violin from the wall calmly as if he were a welcome visitor.He began to play the violin，one tune （曲子） after another.He was playing better than he had ever played in his life. The old man stood there，attracted.The hatred （仇恨） in his eyes was giving way to a look of wonder.The gun was now pointed towards the floor.He began to beat time，the old man placed the gun in a corner . "Well，stranger，" the old man said After they had eaten.they sat in the spring sunshine outside the house.They talked about violin tunes.Not a word was said about Cal Richards. About two hours later，David stood up and said， "Sorry!I must be getting back to the town." The old man sat，deep in thought.At last，he said，and I like the way you play the violin.I guess you're a good guy." He paused as if it were hard to go on.Then，he said in a thick voice，I'll have a talk with Cal.I think he might give himself up tomorrow.You should be at the police station at noon." The next day，as the town clock struck twelve，an old man came up the street towards the police station.With him was a young fellow whose appearance told of many days in hiding. （1）In which order did the following things happen in the story？ 　 　 a.David had a dinner with Cal's pa. b.Cal's pa pointed a gun at David. c.David saw a violin hanging on the wall. d.David came to arrest Cal. e.David played the violin，one tune after another. A．a﹣c﹣d﹣b﹣e B．c﹣a﹣d﹣e﹣b C．d﹣b﹣e﹣c﹣a D．d﹣b﹣c﹣e﹣a （2）Why did David feel sweat on his forehead when he crossed the room to the violin？ 　 　 A．He felt too hot. B．He exercised a lot. C．He was in poor health. D．He was quite nervous. （3）How do you understand "Music is power" according to the story？ 　 　 A．Music is the good medicine for a broken heart. B．Music can help policemen to save themselves. C．Music makes people better understand each other. D．Music can stop people from doing criminal things. （4）Which of the following words can best describe David？ 　 　 A．Energetic and brave. B．Brave and wise. C．Calm and talented. D．Friendly and calm. 20．（8分）Does the world have a shortage of sand？At first，that might sound like a strange question.After all，sand covers beaches and deserts across the world. In the building field alone，40﹣50 billion tonnes of sand is used around the world every year.This is because concrete （混凝土） is usually made up of about 25% sand.Many of us don't realize that sand is also used for things like smartphones，solar panels and other electric items. The problem is that most desert or beach sand is unsuitable.Desert sand is too smooth and beach sand has too much salt in it.This means that sand is usually got from rivers.However，it has caused terrible environmental damage. （3） To try to reduce the need for sand，a growing number of researchers are turning to technology and new ways.These include Dr John Orr at Cambridge University. "We found that the plastic can replace 10% of the sand in concrete and it has the same strength and longevity." says Dr John Orr. "That saves a huge amount of sand and helps to reduce a vast amount of plastic waste." At the same time，other research is being done into using other waste materials in concrete to replace sand Dr Orr points out that changes in building design is a more viable （可行的） long﹣term solution. "They use too much concrete.This is a much bigger problem.There are a lot of good things happening to building design and manufacture，" he says It will require efforts from individuals （个人），governments and international organizations to reduce global needs for sand.Here is an example of the action everyone can take.A 10% reduction in the number of cars on the road means 10% fewer houses with garage and driveways that need to be built.That is millions of tonnes of concrete every year. Sand is really just a symptom of a larger problem.We should be acing to deal with overconsumption of natural resources.A lot of these problems are closely connected and the solutions have to be as well. （1）According to the passage，what is sand mainly used for？ 　 　 A．The building field. B．Industry. C．The electric items. D．Agriculture. （2）Which of the following is suitable for the blank in Paragraph 3？ 　 　 A．So sand is becoming more and more expensive at present. B．In a word，a lot of scientists are trying to improve our environment. C．Therefore，some countries don't have enough desert or beach sand. D．As a result，many countries have introduced sand bans （禁令） in recent years. （3）Which word has a similar meaning to the underlined word overconsumption？ 　 　 A．using too much B．protection C．waste D．discovery （4）Which of the following statement is true？ 　 　 A．Using too much sand leads to using up all the planets' resources. B．Dr John Orr expects changes in building design using less concrete. C．Research has found that waste materials like glass can replace sand. D．Dr John Orr has found plastic waste can replace 10% of the concrete. 参考答案 2024年江苏省南通市如皋市中考二模英语试题（含解析） 31．C 32．A 33．D 【导语】本文介绍了清洗牛仔裤会造成环境污染，甚至危害人体健康，建议我们少洗牛仔裤。 31．推理判断题。根据“This is bad for the Earth and even harms our health.”及图片可知，清洗牛仔裤会危害地球，对环境甚至人类的健康造成影响，所以这篇阅读材料可能来自杂志的“环境”部分。故选C。 32．推理判断题。图片展示了清洗牛仔裤时，其中的微纤维是如何流入海洋，并对环境和人体造成影响的，所以标题应是“牛仔裤的微纤维之旅”，journey意为“旅行，行程”，符合题意。故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据“Don’t wash your jeans too often”和“Jeans can still be clean without washing”可知，牛仔裤不用总清洗，不洗也可以很干净，因此为了减少对地球和我们健康的危害，应该多穿几天牛仔裤再洗。故选D。 34．B 35．D 36．C 37．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了元素周期表的由来及发展。 34．细节理解题。根据“Since ancient times, people have been interested in elements such as gold, tin, iron and copper (which are written as Au, Sn, Fe and Cu in the table) in their natural forms. They were dug up from the ground and used to make jewelry, guns, coins, and many other things.”可知，人们开始对元素感兴趣是为了用金属来制造东西。故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据“Over a century later, Antone-Laurent de Lavoisier, Father of Chemistry, would publish the first modern textbook on chemistry…Although his work wasn’t completely correct, it represented a big step forward at that time.”可推知，作者提到Antone-Laurent de Lavoisier是提醒我们要注意他的贡献。故选D。 36．推理判断题。根据“However, it is Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev who is usually believed as the first person to make a periodic table. Although other scientists had handed in tables, they were finally refused by the scientific community because they were short of detail”可推知，门捷列夫通常被认为是第一个创造这个表的人。故选C。 37．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了元素周期表的由来及发展。故选C。 38．C 39．D 40．A 41．C 【导语】本文介绍一位聪明的法官帮助一位农民解决了问题的故事。 38．细节理解题。根据“He accidentally fell down and dropped the sack on a chicken, killing it.”可知，他不小心摔了一跤，袋子掉在一只鸡身上，把鸡砸死了；根据“There is clearly an argument going on, and I am going to solve it.”可知，这显然是一场争论，法官要去解决它；根据“I order you to pay this merchant 100 coins,”可知，法官命令农民向这位商人支付100个金币；根据“I will take no money from him”可知，商人不会要农民的钱。正确顺序是a-d-b-c。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据“Everyone in the town, including the judge, knew the farmer couldn’t make enough money to buy clothes for his many children.”可知，镇上的每一个人，包括法官，都知道这个农民赚的钱不够给他的孩子们买衣服，所以可知农民没钱给孩子买衣服。故选D。 40．推理判断题。根据“When people turned and saw the judge, they quickly moved aside to let him pass through.”可知，当人们转过身看到法官时，他们迅速让开，让他通过；根据“Then they stopped shouting and bowed to the judge”可知，然后他们停止大喊向法官鞠躬。这两句话表示人们对法官的尊敬。故选A。 41．推理判断题。根据“The two men who were arguing saw the judge coming near.”、“The greedy merchant was overjoyed.”及“The merchant turned pale and hung his head.”可知商人的态度由生气到满意再到不开心。故选C。 42．D 43．A 44．D 45．C 【导语】本文主要是介绍用人工智能来监测环境并拯救濒危生物。 42．推理判断题。根据“We need skilled humans to design AI models and check and collect data.”、“Our results prove that AI is ready for recognizing creatures in the wild from sound.”和“All that is needed now is more training data collected by humans.”可知AI已经为在野外从声音识别生物做好准备，可推测AI的能力比人们想象的要强大，故选D。 43．词义猜测题。根据“Besides monitoring creatures in real time, AI can be used to model the impacts of human activities on the environment and rebuild historical changes.”可知，此处意为“人类活动对环境的影响”，所以划线词意为“影响”，故选A。 44．篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段讲述用人工智能来监测环境并拯救濒危生物；第二段至第五段具体介绍人工智能的用途及方法，因此文章是总分结构，故选D。 45．细节理解题。根据“Creatures are disappearing at a speed thousands of times faster than that millions of years ago, with one million creatures endangered.”可知生物正以比数百万年前快数千倍的速度消失，同时有一百万种生物濒临灭绝，故选C。 2023年江苏省南通市如皋市中考二模英语试题（含解析） 17.【答案】BAD 【分析】本文主要介绍了纽约市的四个博物馆。文章以优缺点的方式对这些博物馆进行了评价。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个框中As best in York and a balance hands﹣on（实际操作的）activities information a special that entertain educate of ages.（作为纽约市最好的博物馆，是一个特殊的博物馆。）和第二个框中Being York only science technology ，it an science for ，它是一个面向儿童的互动科学博物馆，MMI和NYHS的共同点是亲身体验。 （2）细节理解题。根据第一个框中Pros——Excellent screenings.（优点——出色的电影屏幕，参观者可以在MMI中享受精彩的屏幕时光。 （3）推理判断题。通读全文可知。文章以优缺点的方式对这些博物馆进行了评价，你在游客指南上可以读到这篇文章。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 18.【答案】CBCA 【分析】本文介绍了一种聪明的动物——章鱼。 【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据第2段Enemies right octopuses noticing ，却没有注意到它们，未注意到章鱼。故选：C。 （2）篇章结构题。通读全文可知文章第一段提出了章鱼很聪明的观点、第三段和第四段针对这一观点进行列出论据进行陈述，故本文的结构应是"总①→分②③④→总⑤"结构。 （3）细节理解题。根据第4段octopuses carry to place.Scientists this that can ahead how will the later.（章鱼可以把贝壳带到另一个地方，这表明章鱼可以提前考虑以后如何使用贝壳，这表明它们能够为未来的需要做计划。 （4）推理判断题。根据第6段But now didn't how octopuses were.（但直到现在。）及全文对章鱼有多聪明的叙述。故选：A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 19.【答案】CDDC 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和丈夫因为儿子得了重病变得关系不好，但偶然一次吹奏卡祖笛的经历却给家庭带来了欢笑声。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段When teenaged became ill times my began.Our home tense depressed（沮丧的）.My and I tired under great of for son.（当我十几岁的儿子得了重病时。我们曾经幸福的家变得紧张和沮丧。）可知。故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据第三段"You get a ？What's hard it？" husband ，amazed.He the and happened.Surprised tried there no ，he again to a funny like angry trapped the of a ？"有什么难的。他拿起卡祖笛吹了起来。他很惊讶。仍然没有声音，他又试了一次，就像一只愤怒的大黄蜂被困在熊嘴里一样，丈夫要亲自吹卡祖笛因为他认为吹卡祖笛没那么难。 （3）细节理解题。根据第三段"Frustrated tried ，only produce a sound an bumblebee（大黄蜂） in mouth a bear.We into son a turn play kazoo.He no than ，causing laughing.（失望之下，却发出了一种滑稽的声音。我们突然大笑起来。他做得不比我们好。）可知，但很有趣。 （4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段But experience the brought change our that reminds that are things laugh and ，and we still as a ，它总是提醒我们，我们仍然可以作为一个家庭联系在一起，这个故事主要告诉我们凡事都有好的一面。 【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项，在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案。 20.【答案】ABAD 【分析】本文讲述了在不同的工作场所，合适的着装可能看起来很不一样。因此，了解着装规范的潜规则会给你带来优势。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Workplaces had formal（正式） informal traditional ，those the of pyramid always found a suit for job wanted following style.（工作场所曾经有正式和非正式的制服，金字塔顶端的人总是西装革履。）可知。故选A。 （2）词义猜测题。根据第三段From ，people perform a role a meeting a collared ，short slippers（拖鞋）.If were ，they even in ，working a blanket.（在家里、运动裤和拖鞋轻松地在会议中扮演重要角色，他们甚至可以穿着睡衣。）可知，所以upended的意思是"改变"；B.Change改变；D.Challenge挑战。故选B。 （3）细节理解题。根据第五段With many dress across ，is still to"dress the you ？（公司有这么多不同的着装要求？）可知。故选A。 （4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段The dressing look different different understanding unspoken of dress could you advantage.（在不同的工作场所。因此。）可知，所以D项"为成功着装"还重要吗。故选D。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 2022年江苏省南通市如皋市中考二模英语试题（含解析） 17.【答案】BCA 【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了世界杯足球的变化。 【解答】（1）文章来源题。根据第一段Match are for performances.Soccer in FIFA Cup always check some World balls.（比赛用球对球员的表现很重要。让我们来看看一些著名的世界杯用球，主要讲述了世界杯足球的变化，本文可能来源于报纸的体育世界。 （2）细节理解题。根据表格中Telstar（1970）：It the ball appear live 。）可知。故选C。 （3）正误判断题。根据表格中Tango was first with qualities.（Tango Espana（1982）：这是第一个具有防水特性的球，Tango Espana适合潮湿的日子。故选A。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 18.【答案】CADB 【分析】文章主要介绍了中国龙和欧洲龙的不同，最后作出总结：虽有差异但都是受人喜爱的存在。 【解答】（1）细节判断题。根据The dragon called Eastern ，looks a long with claws.（中国龙，看起来像一条有四只爪子的长蛇，中国龙长有四只爪子。 （2）细节推理题。根据In ，dragons usually as and winged which different those China.（在欧洲，这与中国的龙不同，大多数欧洲人害怕恐怖的龙。 （3）篇章结构题。根据①Dragons （存在） both and world.（东方和西方世界都有龙。②Chinese ，which eight years ，（中国龙，）③In ，dragons usually as and winged which different those China.（在欧洲，这与中国的龙不同。④Whether China Western ，the is a beloved in tales.（无论是在中国还是在西方国家。）④总结在世界各地的传说中。故文章的结构应是：①/②③/④。 （4）最佳标题题。通读全文 in or countries dragon undoubtedly a existence many ，龙无疑是许多传说中受人喜爱的存在，文章主要介绍了中国和欧洲关于龙的文化。故选B。 【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案。最后再通读全文，核对答案。 19.【答案】DDCC 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了David去追捕一个杀人犯，却被一个老人用枪指着，David冷静地拉起了小提琴，最终在音乐的力量下，杀手和他的父亲去了警察局自首。 【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据David，a ，came a small house two up mountain get Richards armed dangerous ，他来到山上约两英里处的一所小木屋 Richard。） Cal's you're going get 。我是卡尔的爸爸。枪指着大卫），他看见墙上挂着一把小提琴。），one tune（曲子）after another.（他开始拉小提琴。）；Maybe you'll stay for dinner and play some more for me.（也许你会留下来吃晚饭。）可知。故选D。 （2）细节判断题。根据David the to instrument felt sweat on forehead，but he the from wall as he a welcome ，感到额头上有汗水，好像他是一位受欢迎的客人，他平静地从墙上拿起小摄琴，与前句是转折关系。故选D。 （3）推理判断题。通读全文可知，带着躲藏很久的犯人去警察局自首，它能够帮助彼此更好地了解对方。 （4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，却被一个老人用枪指着，最终在音乐的力量下。由此我们知道。故选C。 【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。 20.【答案】ADAB 【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了如何减少对沙子的需求。 【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段In building alone billion of is around world year.（仅在建筑领域。）可知。故选A。 （2）句子理解题。根据第三段The is most or sand unsuitable.Desert is smooth beach has much in means sand usually from ，it caused environmental （问题是大多数沙漠或海滩沙子都不适合，海滩沙子里的盐分太多。然而。）可知，因此。符合题意。 （3）词义猜测题。根据最后一段We should be acing to deal with overconsumption of natural resources.（我们应该采取行动应对自然资源的overconsumption，overconsumption是"过度消耗"的意思 too 。故选A。 （4）正误判断题。根据第五段Dr points that in design a more solution.（奥尔博士指出。）可知，约翰•奥尔博士预计。表述正确。 【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$