精品解析：2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模英语试题

2024届天河区普通高中毕业班综合测试（三） 英语 本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、姓名、班级、座位号和考生号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，再用2B铅笔把考号的对应数字涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案：不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上：如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案：不准使用铅笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When it comes to cruise (游轮) travelling, there is truly something for everyone. See which one sounds right for you. Wonder of the Seas Cruise line: Royal Caribbean Length: 1,188 feet Width: 215 feet Guest capacity: 7,084 A true wonder, the current biggest ship in the world delights guests every week with a feast of activities, shows, meals and memories. Royal Caribbean’s Wonder of the Seas has 16 guest decks, 2,204 crew members and 20 dining destinations — nine of which are free of charge. It features a dry slide that twists down 10 decks, surfing simulators and an ice skating rink. The World Europa Cruise line: MSC Length: 1,093 feet Width: 154 feet Guest capacity: 6,762 The World Europa, which took to the sea for the first time in 2022, features some of the best rooms on a cruise ship, thanks to most cabins with a balcony. People looking for something a little less dramatic will enjoy six pools, five mini cinemas and three featured libraries at sea. You’ll never go hungry on this ship, given its 10 restaurants. including four main dining rooms and three buffets. Arvia Cruise line: P&O Cruses Length: 1.130 feet Width: 138 feet Guest capacity: 6.685 Whether you want the sunshine of the Caribbean or the culture found in and around Mediterranean ports. Arvia is P&O’s largest cruise ship with 1,800 crew members, a three-screen cinema complex, a wide range of staterooms and four pools, including one with a swim-up bar, providing food and beverage. Whether you’re single or have children, serious rest and relaxation are definitely on the agenda. Symphony of the Seas Cruise line: Royal Caribbean Length:1.188 feet Width: 216 feet Guest capacity: 6.680 Imagine you’re enjoying an all-inclusive experience on a big cruise ship. Symphony of the Seas offers many spectacular activities, including Broadway-style theater shows, surfing simulators and the 10-story dry slide. There’s also delicious food all over the ship. Guests rarely feel overcrowded because seven distinct areas carve up the ship into unique spaces to play, eat, wander, sleep and enjoy live entertainment. 1. Which probably provides the best ship rooms? A. Wonder of the Seas. B. The World Europa. C. Arvia. D. Symphony of the Seas. 2. Which ship is the best for a traveller enjoying personal space? A. Wonder of the Seas. B. The World Europa. C. Arvia. D. Symphony of the Seas. 3. What do the four ships have in common? A. They provide free food service. B. They have many pools. C. They provide various activities. D. They follow the same route. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个游轮的情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据The World Europa部分中“The World Europa, which took to the sea for the first time in 2022, features some of the best rooms on a cruise ship, thanks to most cabins with a balcony.(世界欧罗巴号于2022年首次出海，由于大多数船舱都带阳台，它的客房是游轮上最好的)”可知，世界欧罗巴号的房间最好。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Guests rarely feel overcrowded because seven distinct areas carve up the ship into unique spaces to play, eat, wander, sleep and enjoy live entertainment.(游客很少感到拥挤，因为七个不同的区域将船上分割成独特的空间，可以玩耍、吃饭、漫步、睡觉和享受现场娱乐)”可知，Symphony of the Seas最适合享受私人空间。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一部分“It features a dry slide that twists down 10 decks, surfing simulators and an ice skating rink. (它有一个干燥的滑梯，可以沿着10层甲板蜿蜒而下，还有冲浪模拟器和溜冰场)”；第二部分“People looking for something a little less dramatic will enjoy six pools, five mini cinemas and three featured libraries at sea. (想找点不那么引人注目的东西的人可以在海上享受六个游泳池，五个迷你电影院和三个特色图书馆)”；第三部分“Arvia is P&O’s largest cruise ship with 1,800 crew members, a three-screen cinema complex, a wide range of staterooms and four pools, including one with a swim-up bar, providing food and beverage.(Arvia是P&O最大的游轮，拥有1800名船员，一个三屏幕的电影院，各种各样的客舱和四个游泳池，其中一个带游泳酒吧，提供食品和饮料)”以及最后一部分“(海洋交响曲号提供了许多壮观的活动，包括百老汇风格的戏剧表演、冲浪模拟器和10层的干滑梯)”可知，这四艘船的共同点是都有很多游泳池。故选B。 B Brian Peterson had just moved to Santa Ana, California. Outside his apartment, a homeless man was often yelling on the street corner, sometimes keeping him awake at night. Peterson, 28, would pass the guy on his way to his job as a car designer, but they never spoke. What could they possibly have in common? One day, Peterson was relaxing at home, reading the book Love Does, when his quiet was disturbed by the homeless man. Inspired by the book’s sympathetic message, Peterson made an unexpected decision: to go outside and introduce himself. Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to Southern California from Kentucky to pursue a career in music, but fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than a decade. Even though Peterson, a graduate of the Cleveland Institute of Art, hadn’t picked up a paint brush in about eight years, he found himself asking if he could paint Faris’ portrait. Faris said yes. “I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn’t shaved in probably a year, had overgrown finger-nails and probably hadn’t had a shower in close to a year. But his story, the life inside of him, inspired me.” Peterson recalled later. Peterson’s connection with Faris led to Faces of Santa Ana: a nonprofit organization that befriends and paints portraits of unhoused community members. Using a black-and-white photo taken with his phone, Peterson selects colors based on the subject’s personality and life story, creating powerful portraits. Peterson sells the 30-by-40-inch canvas — signed by both subject and artist — for a few thousand dollars. Faris used the portrait funds to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. Peterson has discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked. “People often tell me, ‘I was the one that would cross the street. But I see homeless people differently now.’” Peterson says. 4. Why did Peterson speak to Faris? A. Faris’ yelling disturbed his sleep. B. He decided to make a new friend. C. The quiet while reading was broken. D. He felt a drive to practice kindness. 5. What inspired Peterson to paint Faris’ portrait? A. Faris’ life story. B. Faris’ beautiful face. C. Desire for art practice. D. Sympathy for the homeless. 6. What do the buyers think of the canvas? A. They reveal the life of poor people. B. They bear delicate signatures from artists. C. They show vivid portraits with rich colors. D. They build bond between people seemingly different. 7. Which of the following can best describe Peterson? A. Brave and kind. B. Talkative and considerate. C. Talented and ambitious. D. Perceptive and sympathetic. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了布莱恩·彼得森在认识流浪汉马特·法里斯后，他突发奇想成立了一个非营利组织，专注于与社区中无家可归的成员交朋友，并为他们画肖像，通过售卖肖像所得的钱帮助他们重新站起来的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“One day, Peterson was relaxing at home, reading the book Love Does, when his quiet was disturbed by the homeless man. Inspired by the book’s sympathetic message, Peterson made an unexpected decision: to go outside and introduce himself.( 一天，彼得森正在家里放松，读着《爱的力量》这本书，这时他的安静被一个无家可归的人打破了。受到书中充满同情的信息的启发，彼得森做出了一个意想不到的决定：到外面做自我介绍。)”可知，受到书中的启发，一种行善的冲动让Peterson去与Faris交谈。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to Southern California from Kentucky to pursue a career in music, but fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than a decade. Even though Peterson, a graduate of the Cleveland Institute of Art, hadn’t picked up a paint brush in about eight years, he found himself asking if he could paint Faris’ portrait. Faris said yes. “I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn’t shaved in probably a year, had overgrown finger-nails and probably hadn’t had a shower in close to a year. But his story, the life inside of him, inspired me.” Peterson recalled later.(彼得森得知这个人的名字叫马特·法里斯。为了追求音乐事业，他从肯塔基州搬到了南加州，但却陷入了困境，最终在街头流浪了十多年。尽管毕业于克利夫兰艺术学院(Cleveland Institute of Art)的彼得森已经有八年没有拿起画笔了，但他发现自己在问自己是否能画出法里斯的肖像。法瑞斯答应了。“我在一个大概一年没刮胡子、指甲长得太长、可能将近一年没洗澡的男人脸上看到了美。但他的故事，他内心的生活，激励了我。”彼得森后来回忆道。) ”可知，彼得森主动提出为法里斯画肖像的原因是他被法里斯的故事所感动。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Peterson has discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked. “People often tell me, ‘I was the one that would cross the street. But I see homeless people differently now.’” Peterson says.( 彼得森发现，买家倾向于与画中人物的故事联系起来，找到相似之处，往往与他们可能忽视的人建立友谊。“人们经常告诉我，‘我是那个会过马路的人。但我现在对无家可归者的看法不同了。’”彼得森说。)”可知，买家认为这些画在看似不同的人之间建立联系。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Peterson’s connection with Faris led to Faces of Santa Ana: a nonprofit organization that befriends and paints portraits of unhoused community members. Using a black-and-white photo taken with his phone, Peterson selects colors based on the subject’s personality and life story, creating powerful portraits.（彼得森与法瑞斯的联系促成了圣安娜之脸的成立:这是一个非营利组织，帮助无家可归的社区成员交朋友，并为他们画肖像。彼得森使用手机拍摄的黑白照片，根据拍摄对象的个性和生活故事选择颜色，创造出强大的肖像。）和第五段“Peterson sells the 30-by-40-inch canvas—signed by both subject and artist —for a few thousand dollars. Faris used the portrait funds to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams.( 彼得森以几千美元的价格出售这幅30 × 40英寸的油画，油画上有主题和艺术家的签名。法里斯用肖像基金录制了一张专辑，实现了他的音乐梦想。)”可知，彼得森建立非盈利组织帮助无家可归的人，为他们画栩栩如生的肖像，卖画所得的钱帮助他们建立新生活，可推断出他是一个敏锐且有同情心的人。故选D。 C In Switzerland, an ambitious proposal could see the construction of an expansive underground network through which self-driving pods (吊舱) would transport goods across the country. The project, called Cargo Sous Terrain (CST), is intended to reduce the reliance on trucks for moving cargo. Global demand for freight (货物) transportation is growing, just as much of the world is seeing a shortage of truck drivers. Meanwhile, higher fuel prices have made road transportation more expensive, while transporting freight by road accounts for around 6% of global carbon dioxide emissions. If built, the network would stretch roughly 500 kilometers from Geneva in the west of Switzerland to St. Gallen in the northeast, and be completed around 2045. The network of tunnels will be 40 to 80 meters below ground and the autonomous pods will drive along three lanes at around 30 kilometers per hour. And the cargo will be loaded and unloaded at designated hubs (枢纽) employing lifts to take goods to and from the surface. The project was approved by the Swiss government in 2021. Although there’s a long way to go before construction can begin, earlier in 2023 CST began its preliminary work in the field — exploratory drilling along the Härkingen-Niederbipp route. The biggest challenge for CST will be the expense. CST estimates that it will cost around 30 billion Swiss Francs ($34 billion) for the entire network. The project will be entirely privately funded, with investors including Credit Suisse, Coop, and Siemens. Although a huge amount of funding still needs to be found, much of the technology for the automation and operation of the network already exists. Another key challenge is working out how to transport freight above ground from the tunnels to stores in cities — without adding to road traffic. Despite all the hurdles, Patrik Aellig, head of communication for CST, remains optimistic. CST is “at the forefront” of underground freight transport. 8. What mainly led to the project CST? A. Expensive truck drivers. B. Serious shortage of fuel. C. Environmental concern. D. Heavy freight transportation. 9. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A. To present the way the network will work. B. To provide a blueprint of the network. C. To prove the efficiency of the network. D. To show the advancement of the network. 10. What does the underlined word “preliminary” mean in paragraph 4? A. Innovative. B. Significant. C. Preparatory. D. Constructive. 11. What is a great challenge for CST? A. Absence of fund. B. Lack of technology. C. Last-mile delivery. D. Transport safety. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了瑞士要建设一个庞大的地下网络，在全国范围内运输货物。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The project, called Cargo Sous Terrain (CST), is intended to reduce the reliance on trucks for moving cargo. Global demand for freight (货物) transportation is growing, just as much of the world is seeing a shortage of truck drivers. Meanwhile, higher fuel prices have made road transportation more expensive, while transporting freight by road accounts for around 6% of global carbon dioxide emissions.(该项目被称为货运地面（CST），旨在减少对卡车运输货物的依赖。全球货运需求正在增长，就像世界上许多地方出现卡车司机短缺一样。与此同时，燃料价格上涨使得公路运输成本更高，而公路货运占全球二氧化碳排放量的6%左右)”可知，严重的货物运输压力主要导致了CST项目。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“If built, the network would stretch roughly 500 kilometers from Geneva in the west of Switzerland to St. Gallen in the northeast, and be completed around 2045. The network of tunnels will be 40 to 80 meters below ground and the autonomous pods will drive along three lanes at around 30 kilometers per hour. And the cargo will be loaded and unloaded at designated hubs (枢纽) employing lifts to take goods to and from the surface.(如果建成，该网络将从瑞士西部的日内瓦延伸到东北部的圣加仑，全长约500公里，并将于2045年左右完工。隧道网络将位于地下40至80米，自动驾驶舱将以每小时30公里的速度沿着三条车道行驶。货物将在指定的集散地装卸，使用升降机将货物运送到地面)”可知，作者在第3段打算提供网络的蓝图。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The project was approved by the Swiss government in 2021. Although there’s a long way to go before construction can begin”可知，该项目于2021年获得瑞士政府批准，而在施工开始之前还有很长的路要走，说明2023年初进行的是准备性的工作。故划线词意思是“准备性的”。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The biggest challenge for CST will be the expense. CST estimates that it will cost around 30 billion Swiss Francs ($34 billion) for the entire network. The project will be entirely privately funded, with investors including Credit Suisse, Coop, and Siemens.(CST面临的最大挑战将是费用。CST估计整个网络将耗资约300亿瑞士法郎(340亿美元)。该项目将完全由私人投资，投资者包括瑞士信贷、Coop和西门子。虽然还需要大量的资金，但大部分网络自动化和运营的技术已经存在)”可知，CST面临的最大挑战是缺乏资金。故选A。 D Children with strong family connections are associated with a high likelihood of flourishing (成功) in life, according to a new study led by Dr. Robert Whitaker from Columbia University, who surveyed over 37,000 children in 26 countries. Family connection was determined by a mean score of five categories: care, support, safety, respect and participation. For each subject, the participants were given a statement and asked to assess now much they agreed with it, scoring from zero (do not agree) to four (strongly agree). For example, to measure care, they were asked how much they agreed with the statement, “I feel safe at home.” The core of family connection is children feeling that they’re accepted and nurtured at home which allows them to learn what their strengths and weaknesses are in a safe environment as they are building their identity, Whitaker said. Children with the greatest level of family connection were over 49% more likely to flourish compared with those with the lowest level of family connection, according to the study. The highest scores in both family connection and flourishing came from children who lived with parents or never had their family worrying about finances. Researchers then controlled the data for families’ poverty levels, including financial circumstances and food insecurity, to remove the effect they may have had on the numbers. After controlling for these factors, the strength of family connections still impacted how much children flourished. So it is important to create a space where children feel seen and heard. While they are talking, grown-ups should show that they have a genuine interest in what their children are saying and try to suspend judgment. Adults do not need to make grand gestures to bond with their children. Having meaningful conversations is more important for your connection than taking them on expensive trips. Silence is also another powerful form of communication. Children and parents spending time together in silence or even running an errand or doing chores can create a connection. 12. What were the participants required to do in the research? A. Add up the scores they’ve got. B. Assess some statements. C. Recall their childhood life. D. Categorize some statements. 13. How does strong family connection help children’s life success? A. It allows them to build their identity. B. It enables them to accept others. C. It provides safe living conditions. D. It makes them better know themselves. 14. How should parents bond with their children, according to the author? A. To listen to them attentively. B. To judge them immediately. C. To organize trips frequently. D. To assign housework regularly. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Close family bond brings successful children. B. Children showing care will flourish. C. Communication helps family connection. D. Family connection ensures healthy children. 【答案】12 B 13. D 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有研究证实了家庭关系对于儿童成功的重要性，成年人可以通过倾听他们的意见以及在沉默时展现关心来加强家庭联系。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For each subject, the participants were given a statement and asked to assess now much they agreed with it, scoring from zero (do not agree) to four (strongly agree).”（对于每个主题，参与者都会得到一个陈述，并被要求评估他们对此有多么同意，得分从零（不同意）到四（强烈同意）。）可知，参与者需要评估一些陈述。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The core of family connection is children feeling that they’re accepted and nurtured at home, which allows them to learn what their strengths and weaknesses are in a safe environment as they are building their identity, Whitaker said.”（家庭联系的核心是孩子们在家中感到被接纳和培养，这使他们能够在建立自我身份的同时，在安全的环境中了解自己的优点和缺点，Whitaker说。）可知，强大的家庭联系可以帮助孩子更好地了解自己。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“So it is important to create a space where children feel seen and heard. While they are talking, grown-ups should show that they have a genuine interest in what their children are saying and try to suspend judgment.”（所以，创建一个让孩子感到被看见和听见的空间是很重要的。当他们在说话时，成年人应该表现出他们对孩子们所说的话真正感兴趣，并尽量暂停判断。）可知，父母应该专心倾听孩子。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段“Children with strong family connections are associated with a high likelihood of flourishing (成功) in life”（ 家庭关系密切孩子很有可能在生活中茁壮成长）可知，文章主要讲述了家庭联系的强度对孩子的成功生活的影响，以及如何与孩子建立紧密的联系。因此，A选项“紧密的家庭联系带来成功的孩子”最能概括全文主题。故选A。 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While it`s simple to name many famous male inventors, people might be hard-pressed to name some female inventors. ___16___ ___17___ Back on a freezing winter’s day in 1902, Mary Anderson was traveling by tram through New York City. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of wind. She had a sudden good idea: why not make some kind of a rubber blade (刮片) that could be operated from inside the vehicle? ___18___ What’s more, the dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century and to the dinner parties held by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent hostess, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than humans. ___19___ And finally, she developed what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation was in her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat. Lastly, one of the most important inventions of the 20th century must surely be the computer program. In today’s world of programming, men vastly outnumber women. ___20___ Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler (编译程序) in 1952. A. And that’s exactly what she did. B. That was how the invention came into being. C. As a response, she conducted many experiments. D. Firstly, what led to the invention of the windscreen cleaner? E. But back in the 1940s and 50s, women led the way in this new field. F. For example, where would we be without the windscreen cleaner? G. Yet women are behind some widely used technologies in the modern world. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四位伟大女性发明家以及她们的发明创造。 【16题详解】 前文“While it`s simple to name many famous male inventors, people might be hard-pressed to name some female inventors.(虽然说出许多著名的男性发明家的名字很容易，但人们可能很难说出一些女性发明家的名字。)”讲述人们很难说出一些女性发明家的名字，结合下文描述的几位伟大的女性和她们的成就可推断G项“然而，现代世界中一些广泛使用的技术背后是女性。”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。 【17题详解】 后文“Back on a freezing winter’s day in 1902, Mary Anderson was traveling by tram through New York City. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of wind. She had a sudden good idea: why not make some kind of a rubber blade(刮片) that could be operated from inside the vehicle? ( 1902年一个寒冷的冬日，玛丽·安德森(Mary Anderson)正乘坐有轨电车穿越纽约市。大雪纷飞，司机不得不多次停车，下车清理积雪。每次门一开，玛丽就感到一阵风。她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢?)”讲述玛丽·安德森发明挡风玻璃清洁的故事，因此推断D项“首先，是什么导致了挡风玻璃清洁剂的发明?”符合语境，与下文的what’s more，lastly呼应。故选D。 【18题详解】 前文“She had a sudden good idea: why not make some kind of a rubber blade(刮片) that could be operated from inside the vehicle? (她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢?)”讲述玛丽想到了发明车内清洁挡风玻璃的主意，结合常识这种东西发明出来了，因此推断A项“那就是她做的”符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 前文“What’s more, the dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century and to the dinner parties held by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent hostess, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than humans.( 此外，洗碗机的历史可以追溯到更早的19世纪，一位名叫约瑟芬·科克伦(Josephine Cochrane)的女士举办的晚宴上。作为一个经常做女主人的人，她想要一台洗碗速度比人类快的机器。)”讲述约瑟芬·科克伦想要一台洗碗机，后文“And finally, she developed what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation was in her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat.(最后，她发明了第一个商业上成功的洗碗机。有趣的是，她的血液中流淌着创新：她的祖父发明了汽船。)”讲述她发明了洗碗机，因此推断C项“作为回应，她进行了许多实验。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。 【20题详解】 前文“Lastly, one of the most important inventions of the 20th century must surely be the computer program. In today’s world of programming, men vastly outnumber women.( 最后，20世纪最重要的发明之一肯定是计算机程序。在当今的编程世界中，男性的数量远远超过女性。)”讲述计算机编程领域男性多，下文“Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler(编译程序) in 1952.(格蕾丝·霍珀于1952年发明了第一个编译器。)”讲述格蕾丝·霍珀发明了编译器，因此推断E项“但在20世纪40年代和50年代，女性在这个新领域处于领先地位。”符合语境，与前文是转折关系，承接下文。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 What’s the point of studying? It’s something you might ask yourself if you’re ___21___ to finish an assignment, ___22___ if your friends seem to be out having fun, or are ___23___ and earning lots of money. Many of us choose to go to university as a first step towards a good ___24___, but sometimes graduates are educated beyond what is necessary for a job. Even so, according to a research conducted by an organization, a ___25___ will, in the long run, earn you more. What’s more, there are ___26___ in your earning potential. A researcher says that graduates of the 24 Russell Group universities earn about 40% more than those who studied at other universities after five years. ___27___, it found it’s not just the location but other factors that can ___28___ what you can earn. For example, graduates in subjects such as law and medicine ___29___ to do well. And as they progress, the pay gap between these careers and others, such as the creative arts, ____30____. Also, a student’s ____31____ background can have an effect, with those from households highly valuing education much more likely to go to university, and mostly likely a ____32____ one. But if you still don’t feel university delivers the best work opportunities, there are ____33____ words from Alistair Jarvis, head of Universities UK, who says that graduates are half as likely to be ____34____ as non-graduates. So maybe all that studying is ____35____ — after all “no pains, no gains”! 21. A. planning B. struggling C. trying D. hoping 22. A. actually B. usually C. especially D. generally 23. A. working B. studying C. wandering D. living 24. A. education B. life C. marriage D. career 25. A. degree B. major C. skill D. patent 26. A. changes B. difficulties C. improvements D. differences 27. A. Then B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Instead 28. A. involve in B. contribute to C. consist of D. result from 29. A. happen B. tend C. long D. manage 30. A. exists B. disappears C. widens D. varies 31. A. religious B. historical C. educational D. social 32. A. big B. good C. popular D. public 33. A. encouraging B. amazing C. sincere D. scientific 34. A. disrespected B. distrusted C. unemployed D. unpaid 35. A. reliable B. favorable C. interesting D. rewarding 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。上大学获取一个学位可不是件容易的事。大多数人相信，获得大学文凭对一名毕业生的未来职业发展必有帮助。但这一纸文凭究竟有那么管用吗？学生所学习的专业会影响其未来的就业和收入吗？短文讨论在英国，学历和收入之间的关系。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A. planning计划；B. struggling奋斗；C. trying尝试； D. hoping 希望。根据上文“What’s the point of studying?”以及下文“___2___ if your friends seem to be out having fun, or are ___3___ and earning lots of money.”可知，下文说的场景与学习形成了反差，所以是努力的完成学习上的任务。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A. actually事实上；B. usually通常；C. especially 尤其地；D. generally大概。根据下文“if your friends seem to be out having fun, or are ___3___ and earning lots of money.”可知，本句在强调。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你在努力完成一项任务时，尤其是当你的朋友似乎出去玩了，或者正在工作并赚了很多钱的时候，你可能会问自己这个问题。A. working工作；B. studying学习；C. wandering想知道；D. living生活。根据下文“earning lots of money”工作才能 赚钱。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们中的许多人选择上大学作为迈向好职业的第一步，但有时毕业生所受的教育超出了工作所需的范围。A. education教育；B. life生活；C. marriage婚姻；D. career职业。根据常识可知，上大学作为迈向好职业的第一步。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即便如此，根据一家机构进行的一项研究，从长远来看，学位会给你带来更多的收入。A. degree学位；B. major专业；C. skill技能；D. patent专利。根据下文“ A researcher says that graduates of the 24 Russell Group universities earn about 40% more than those who studied at other universities after five years.”可知，即使是上了大学，学位的不同会导致收入的不同。故选A项。 26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，你们的收入潜力也不同。A. changes 改变；B. difficulties困难；C. improvements 提高；D. differences差异，不同。根据上文“a ___5___ will, in the long run, earn you more.”可知，学位导致了不同的收入，所以收入潜力也不同。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：反而，它发现不仅仅是地点，还有其他因素会导致了你的收入不同。A. Then然后；B. Therefore因此；C. Moreover此外；D. Instead反而。根据句意可知，上下文为转折关系。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：反而，它发现不仅仅是地点，还有其他因素会导致了你的收入不同。A. involve in参与；B. contribute to有助于，导致；C. consist of由……组成；D. result from由…导致。根据上文“it’s not just the location but other factors”可知，还有其他因素会导致了你的收入不同。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，法律和医学等专业的毕业生往往表现良好。A. happen发生；B. tend倾向于，往往会；C. long渴望；D. manage管理。根据上文“graduates in subjects such as law and medicine”可知，法律和医学作为热门和受尊重的行业收入可观。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着他们的进步，这些职业与其他职业(如创意艺术)之间的薪酬差距也在扩大。A. exists存在；B. disappears消失；C. widens加宽；D. varies变化。根据上文“And as they progress”可知，法律和医学等专业在进步，所以收入差距与其他行业相比会增大。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，学生的社会背景也会产生影响，来自重视教育家庭的学生更有可能上大学，而且多半是一所好大学。A. religious宗教的；B. historical历史的；C. educational教育的；D. social社会的。根据下文“with those from households highly valuing education”可知，这些都是社会背景。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查词形容词义辨析。句意：此外，学生的社会背景也会产生影响，来自重视教育家庭的学生更有可能上大学，而且多半是一所好大学。A. big大的；B. good好的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. public公共的。根据上文“with those from households highly valuing education much more likely to go to university”可知，重视教育家庭的学生多半上一所好大学。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你仍然觉得大学不能提供最好的工作机会，英国大学联合会主席Alistair Jarvis的话令人鼓舞。他说，大学毕业生失业的可能性是非大学毕业生的一半。A. encouraging令人鼓舞的；B. amazing令人惊讶的；C. sincere真诚的；D. scientific科学的。根据下文“who says that graduates are half as likely to be ___14___ as non-graduates.”可知，这是鼓舞人心的话。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你仍然觉得大学不能提供最好的工作机会，英国大学联合会主席Alistair Jarvis的话令人鼓舞。他说，大学毕业生失业的可能性是非大学毕业生的一半。A. disrespected不尊重的；B. distrusted不被信任的； C. unemployed失业的；D. unpaid无报酬的。Alistair Jarvis是支持上大学的，所以他在拿失业率作比较。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以也许所有的学习都是有回报的——毕竟“一分耕耘，一分收获”!。A. reliable可依赖的；B. favorable 有利的；良好的；C. interesting有趣的；D. rewarding有益的；值得做的；报酬高的。根据下文“no pains, no gains”可知，学习是有回报的。故选D项。 第二节 （共 10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cheng Yuyan never expected that the interest group “We Love Strolling in the Park”, ___36___ she casually created four years ago on Douban, a Chinese social media platform, would now approach 100,000 members. According to ___37___ 25-year-old from Shanghai, establishing this group was just a spur-of-the-moment decision, ___38___ she didn’t invest much time in managing it afterwards. However, park enthusiasts from all over China and even overseas have spontaneously made ___39___ their gathering community. People share park experiences, post photos ___40___(take)in parks, and offer recommendations and reviews about parks. Within this group, there is a tag called”20 minutes for parks”, which ___41___(come) from a theory originating from the International Journal of Environmental Health Research. According to the theory, ___42___(spend)20 minutes in a park daily helps to reduce stress, regardless of ___43___ people exercise in it or simply take a walk. Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, is an enthusiastic ___44___(support) of this idea. “On that patch of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals, allowing me to refresh my mind and heal ____45____ the stresses of the workplace,” Huang said. 【答案】36. which 37. the 38. and 39. it 40. taken 41. comes 42. spending 43. whether 44. supporter 45. from 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了承雨嫣在豆瓣上创建的兴趣小组“我们爱公园漫步”意外地吸引了10万会员，这个小组成为了公园爱好者们的聚集地，人们在这里分享公园的体验，发布公园的照片，提供公园的推荐和评论。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：4年前，承雨嫣万万没想到她无意中在中国社交媒体平台豆瓣上创建了一个兴趣小组“我们爱逛公园”，现在已经有了10万名成员。修饰group，在从句中作created的宾语，引导非限制性定语从句，用关系代词which。故填which。 37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说，创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定，之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。此处特指上文提到的“Cheng Yuyan”，用定冠词修饰，故填the。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：据这位来自上海的25岁女孩说，创建这个小组只是一个偶然的决定，之后她并没有在里面花太多时间。前后文是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 【39题详解】 考查代词。句意：然而，来自全国甚至海外的公园爱好者自愿将其作为他们的聚集地。根据上下文可知，此处指代把这个兴趣小组作为一个聚集地。用代词it作宾语，故填it。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们分享公园的经历，张贴在公园里拍摄的照片，并提供关于公园的建议和评论。take作定语，修饰photos，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式，故填taken。 【41题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这一群体中，有一种说法叫做“公园20分钟”，它来自《国际环境健康研究杂志》的一个理论。come作which引导的定语从句的谓语动词，描述现在的事实用一般现在时，which指代tag，是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填comes。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据这一理论，无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步，每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。spend作主语，用动名词形式，故填spending。 【43题详解】 考查从属连词。句意：根据这一理论，无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步，每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。介词of后接宾语从句，whether…or…“无论是……还是……”，符合语境。故填whether。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：黄兵兵，现居广东深圳，是这个理论的支持者。不定冠词an修饰可数名词单数，作表语。故填supporter。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：黄说：“在草坪上，我能感到和动植物联结，让我感觉头脑清醒，从工作压力中恢复过来。”heal from“从……康复、恢复”，固定短语。故填from。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友William写信告知你，他计划申请来中国支教，但有些担忧。请你写一封回信鼓励他。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear William, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear William, I’m excited to hear about your intention to teach in China! It’s a wonderful chance to immerse yourself in a rich cultural environment and make a meaningful impact. Rest assured, China is a welcoming country full of friendly people. Your enthusiasm and dedication will be highly valued. You’ll learn so much from the children and the experience itself. Don’t hesitate, seize this opportunity, and I’m confident you’ll have an unforgettable journey. Looking forward to hearing more about your adventures! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给William写一封回信鼓励他，他计划申请来中国支教，但有些担忧。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动的：excited→thrilled 机会：chance→opportunity 奉献：dedication→devotion 难忘的：unforgettable→memorable 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Your enthusiasm and dedication will be highly valued. You’ll learn so much from the children and the experience itself. 拓展句：Not only will your enthusiasm and dedication be highly valued, but also you’ll learn so much from the children and the experience itself. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m thrilled to hear about your intention to teach in China! (运用了不定式作后置定语) [高分句型2] Don’t hesitate, seize this opportunity, and I’m confident you’ll have an unforgettable journey. (运用了省略that引导的宾语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I pressed my fist into Dad’s old baseball glove as I stared out of the window of my stepfather’s van. Not a day went by that I didn’t think about Dad and how much I missed him. The van stopped at the edge of the baseball field. “Hey, buddy, have fun at practice. And don’t forget about your sister’s recital (表演) tonight,” said my stepfather as I climbed out. Zoe is not my sister, and you can’t tell me what to do, I grumbled (嘟囔) to myself. A bunch of guys from the team waved from the dugout. I jogged over half-heartedly. “Why do you look so unhappy?” David asked. “I have to go to my stepsister’s dance recital,” I sighed. “It could be worse,” David replied. I shot him an I-highly-doubt-that expression. “What if you had to perform in it?” Kevin said as he leaped and twirled (旋转) like a rodeo bull. I tried not to smile. The truth was that I had a lot of mixed-up feelings since Mom remarried a few months ago. I had always loved baseball, but even that felt different lately. I could barely concentrate. After practice, David and I sat together waiting for our ride. “I wish things didn’t have to change,” I said, “you know, for my mom and me.” “I have a stepmother and stepbrother too,” David said as if it were no big deal. “Seriously?” I hadn’t realized that, so I asked. David shrugged, “They’re just Mom and Dennis now. Give it a chance.” I let out a breath, still unsure about the recital tonight. Still unsure about everything! Back home, I found Zoe in her costume, but something was wrong. Her arms were folded tight across her chest, and her eyes were glossed with tears. “What’s wrong, Zoe?” I asked. “Opening night jitters (战战兢兢),” my stepfather said. “She doesn’t want to be in the recital,” Mom said. Huh. This should have been the best thing that could have happened — the possibility of not having to go to the performance. But somehow it wasn’t. Zoe had practiced so hard. And she’d reminded me at least a thousand times where she would be onstage. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Thinking of Kevin’s funny dance, I had an idea. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After Zoe disappeared into dancers backstage, we found our seats. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Thinking of Kevin’s funny dance, I had an idea. “Zoe,” I said, “Remember, you’ve worked so hard for this. The stage is waiting for you to show them all what you can do. And I’ll be there in the audience, cheering for you every step of the way.” Zoe looked up at me, her eyes still glassy but a small spark of determination beginning to shine. We walked together to the van. As we drove to the recital, I could see Zoe gradually becoming more and more relaxed. After Zoe disappeared into dancers backstage, we found our seats. I knew Zoe was counting on me to be there for her, even if I didn’t feel like it at first. After the recital began, I spotted her. She was in the middle of the group, her face bright with a smile that rivaled the stage lights. As she moved gracefully through the routine, I couldn’t help but feel proud of her. I realized that I had been selfish for not wanting to come. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的妈妈再婚，作者继父的女儿Zoe要参加表演，作者并不太想去观看，在和朋友David谈话之后作者仍然不确定自己是否会去看Zoe表演。回到家，作者看到了不太高兴的Zoe，作者觉得Zoe那么努力地练习了，她就应该上台去表演。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“想到Kevin那滑稽的舞蹈，我有了一个主意。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励Zoe上台表演。 ②由第二段首句内容“Zoe消失在后台的舞者中后，我们找到了座位。”可知，第二段可描写Zoe表演成功和作者的感想。 2.续写线索：鼓励——承诺要去看表演——Zoe决定表演——Zoe慢慢放松——Zoe完成表演——作者的感想 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①加油：cheer for sb./cheer sb. on ②开车去：drive to sp./go to sp. in a car ③完成动作：move through the routine/complete the routine 情绪类 ①放松的：relaxed/eased ②骄傲：feel proud of/take pride in 【点睛】[高分句型1] As we drove to the recital, I could see Zoe gradually becoming more and more relaxed. (由as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] She was in the middle of the group, her face bright with a smile that rivaled the stage lights.(由关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024届天河区普通高中毕业班综合测试（三） 英语 本试卷共8页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、姓名、班级、座位号和考生号填写在答题卡相应的位置上，再用2B铅笔把考号的对应数字涂黑。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案：不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上：如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案：不准使用铅笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When it comes to cruise (游轮) travelling, there is truly something for everyone. See which one sounds right for you. Wonder of the Seas Cruise line: Royal Caribbean Length: 1,188 feet Width: 215 feet Guest capacity: 7,084 A true wonder, the current biggest ship in the world delights guests every week with a feast of activities, shows, meals and memories. Royal Caribbean’s Wonder of the Seas has 16 guest decks, 2,204 crew members and 20 dining destinations — nine of which are free of charge. It features a dry slide that twists down 10 decks, surfing simulators and an ice skating rink. The World Europa Cruise line: MSC Length: 1,093 feet Width: 154 feet Guest capacity: 6,762 The World Europa, which took to the sea for the first time in 2022, features some of the best rooms on a cruise ship, thanks to most cabins with a balcony. People looking for something a little less dramatic will enjoy six pools, five mini cinemas and three featured libraries at sea. You’ll never go hungry on this ship, given its 10 restaurants. including four main dining rooms and three buffets. Arvia Cruise line: P&O Cruses Length: 1.130 feet Width: 138 feet Guest capacity: 6.685 Whether you want the sunshine of the Caribbean or the culture found in and around Mediterranean ports. Arvia is P&O’s largest cruise ship with 1,800 crew members, a three-screen cinema complex, a wide range of staterooms and four pools, including one with a swim-up bar, providing food and beverage. Whether you’re single or have children, serious rest and relaxation are definitely on the agenda. Symphony of the Seas Cruise line: Royal Caribbean Length:1.188 feet Width: 216 feet Guest capacity: 6.680 Imagine you’re enjoying an all-inclusive experience on a big cruise ship. Symphony of the Seas offers many spectacular activities, including Broadway-style theater shows, surfing simulators and the 10-story dry slide. There’s also delicious food all over the ship. Guests rarely feel overcrowded because seven distinct areas carve up the ship into unique spaces to play, eat, wander, sleep and enjoy live entertainment. 1. Which probably provides the best ship rooms? A. Wonder of the Seas. B. The World Europa. C. Arvia. D. Symphony of the Seas. 2. Which ship is the best for a traveller enjoying personal space? A. Wonder of the Seas. B. The World Europa. C. Arvia. D. Symphony of the Seas. 3. What do the four ships have in common? A. They provide free food service. B. They have many pools. C. They provide various activities. D. They follow the same route. B Brian Peterson had just moved to Santa Ana, California. Outside his apartment, a homeless man was often yelling on the street corner, sometimes keeping him awake at night. Peterson, 28, would pass the guy on his way to his job as a car designer, but they never spoke. What could they possibly have in common? One day, Peterson was relaxing at home, reading the book Love Does, when his quiet was disturbed by the homeless man. Inspired by the book’s sympathetic message, Peterson made an unexpected decision: to go outside and introduce himself. Peterson learned that the man’s name was Matt Faris. He’d moved to Southern California from Kentucky to pursue a career in music, but fell on hard times and ended up living on the street for more than a decade. Even though Peterson, a graduate of the Cleveland Institute of Art, hadn’t picked up a paint brush in about eight years, he found himself asking if he could paint Faris’ portrait. Faris said yes. “I saw beauty on the face of a man who hadn’t shaved in probably a year, had overgrown finger-nails and probably hadn’t had a shower in close to a year. But his story, the life inside of him, inspired me.” Peterson recalled later. Peterson’s connection with Faris led to Faces of Santa Ana: a nonprofit organization that befriends and paints portraits of unhoused community members. Using a black-and-white photo taken with his phone, Peterson selects colors based on the subject’s personality and life story, creating powerful portraits. Peterson sells the 30-by-40-inch canvas — signed by both subject and artist — for a few thousand dollars. Faris used the portrait funds to record an album, fulfilling his musical dreams. Peterson has discovered that the buyers tend to connect to the story of the person in the painting, finding similarities and often friendship with someone they might have otherwise overlooked. “People often tell me, ‘I was the one that would cross the street. But I see homeless people differently now.’” Peterson says. 4. Why did Peterson speak to Faris? A. Faris’ yelling disturbed his sleep. B. He decided to make a new friend. C. The quiet while reading was broken. D. He felt a drive to practice kindness. 5. What inspired Peterson to paint Faris’ portrait? A. Faris’ life story. B. Faris’ beautiful face. C. Desire for art practice. D. Sympathy for the homeless. 6. What do the buyers think of the canvas? A. They reveal the life of poor people. B. They bear delicate signatures from artists. C. They show vivid portraits with rich colors. D. They build bond between people seemingly different. 7. Which of the following can best describe Peterson? A. Brave and kind. B. Talkative and considerate. C. Talented and ambitious. D. Perceptive and sympathetic. C In Switzerland, an ambitious proposal could see the construction of an expansive underground network through which self-driving pods (吊舱) would transport goods across the country. The project, called Cargo Sous Terrain (CST), is intended to reduce the reliance on trucks for moving cargo. Global demand for freight (货物) transportation is growing, just as much of the world is seeing a shortage of truck drivers. Meanwhile, higher fuel prices have made road transportation more expensive, while transporting freight by road accounts for around 6% of global carbon dioxide emissions. If built, the network would stretch roughly 500 kilometers from Geneva in the west of Switzerland to St. Gallen in the northeast, and be completed around 2045. The network of tunnels will be 40 to 80 meters below ground and the autonomous pods will drive along three lanes at around 30 kilometers per hour. And the cargo will be loaded and unloaded at designated hubs (枢纽) employing lifts to take goods to and from the surface. The project was approved by the Swiss government in 2021. Although there’s a long way to go before construction can begin, earlier in 2023 CST began its preliminary work in the field — exploratory drilling along the Härkingen-Niederbipp route. The biggest challenge for CST will be the expense. CST estimates that it will cost around 30 billion Swiss Francs ($34 billion) for the entire network. The project will be entirely privately funded, with investors including Credit Suisse, Coop, and Siemens. Although a huge amount of funding still needs to be found, much of the technology for the automation and operation of the network already exists. Another key challenge is working out how to transport freight above ground from the tunnels to stores in cities — without adding to road traffic. Despite all the hurdles, Patrik Aellig, head of communication for CST, remains optimistic. CST is “at the forefront” of underground freight transport. 8 What mainly led to the project CST? A. Expensive truck drivers. B. Serious shortage of fuel. C. Environmental concern. D. Heavy freight transportation. 9. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A. To present the way the network will work. B. To provide a blueprint of the network. C. To prove the efficiency of the network. D. To show the advancement of the network. 10. What does the underlined word “preliminary” mean in paragraph 4? A. Innovative. B. Significant. C. Preparatory. D. Constructive. 11. What is a great challenge for CST? A. Absence of fund. B. Lack of technology. C. Last-mile delivery. D. Transport safety. D Children with strong family connections are associated with a high likelihood of flourishing (成功) in life, according to a new study led by Dr. Robert Whitaker from Columbia University, who surveyed over 37,000 children in 26 countries. Family connection was determined by a mean score of five categories: care, support, safety, respect and participation. For each subject, the participants were given a statement and asked to assess now much they agreed with it, scoring from zero (do not agree) to four (strongly agree). For example, to measure care, they were asked how much they agreed with the statement, “I feel safe at home.” The core of family connection is children feeling that they’re accepted and nurtured at home, which allows them to learn what their strengths and weaknesses are in a safe environment as they are building their identity, Whitaker said. Children with the greatest level of family connection were over 49% more likely to flourish compared with those with the lowest level of family connection, according to the study. The highest scores in both family connection and flourishing came from children who lived with parents or never had their family worrying about finances. Researchers then controlled the data for families’ poverty levels, including financial circumstances and food insecurity, to remove the effect they may have had on the numbers. After controlling for these factors, the strength of family connections still impacted how much children flourished. So it is important to create a space where children feel seen and heard. While they are talking, grown-ups should show that they have a genuine interest in what their children are saying and try to suspend judgment. Adults do not need to make grand gestures to bond with their children. Having meaningful conversations is more important for your connection than taking them on expensive trips. Silence is also another powerful form of communication. Children and parents spending time together in silence or even running an errand or doing chores can create a connection. 12. What were the participants required to do in the research? A. Add up the scores they’ve got. B. Assess some statements. C. Recall their childhood life. D. Categorize some statements. 13. How does strong family connection help children’s life success? A. It allows them to build their identity. B. It enables them to accept others. C. It provides safe living conditions. D. It makes them better know themselves. 14. How should parents bond with their children, according to the author? A. To listen to them attentively. B. To judge them immediately. C. To organize trips frequently. D. To assign housework regularly. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Close family bond brings successful children. B. Children showing care will flourish. C. Communication helps family connection. D. Family connection ensures healthy children. 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While it`s simple to name many famous male inventors, people might be hard-pressed to name some female inventors. ___16___ ___17___ Back on a freezing winter’s day in 1902 Mary Anderson was traveling by tram through New York City. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of wind. She had a sudden good idea: why not make some kind of a rubber blade (刮片) that could be operated from inside the vehicle? ___18___ What’s more, the dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century and to the dinner parties held by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent hostess, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than humans. ___19___ And finally, she developed what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation was in her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat. Lastly, one of the most important inventions of the 20th century must surely be the computer program. In today’s world of programming, men vastly outnumber women. ___20___ Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler (编译程序) in 1952. A. And that’s exactly what she did. B. That was how the invention came into being. C. As a response, she conducted many experiments. D. Firstly, what led to the invention of the windscreen cleaner? E. But back in the 1940s and 50s, women led the way in this new field. F. For example, where would we be without the windscreen cleaner? G. Yet women are behind some widely used technologies in the modern world. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 What’s the point of studying? It’s something you might ask yourself if you’re ___21___ to finish an assignment, ___22___ if your friends seem to be out having fun, or are ___23___ and earning lots of money. Many of us choose to go to university as a first step towards a good ___24___, but sometimes graduates are educated beyond what is necessary for a job. Even so, according to a research conducted by an organization, a ___25___ will, in the long run, earn you more. What’s more, there are ___26___ in your earning potential. A researcher says that graduates of the 24 Russell Group universities earn about 40% more than those who studied at other universities after five years. ___27___, it found it’s not just the location but other factors that can ___28___ what you can earn. For example, graduates in subjects such as law and medicine ___29___ to do well. And as they progress, the pay gap between these careers and others, such as the creative arts, ____30____. Also, a student’s ____31____ background can have an effect, with those from households highly valuing education much more likely to go to university, and mostly likely a ____32____ one. But if you still don’t feel university delivers the best work opportunities, there are ____33____ words from Alistair Jarvis, head of Universities UK, who says that graduates are half as likely to be ____34____ as non-graduates. So maybe all that studying is ____35____ — after all “no pains, no gains”! 21. A. planning B. struggling C. trying D. hoping 22 A. actually B. usually C. especially D. generally 23. A. working B. studying C. wandering D. living 24 A. education B. life C. marriage D. career 25. A. degree B. major C. skill D. patent 26. A. changes B. difficulties C. improvements D. differences 27. A. Then B. Therefore C. Moreover D. Instead 28. A. involve in B. contribute to C. consist of D. result from 29. A. happen B. tend C. long D. manage 30. A. exists B. disappears C. widens D. varies 31. A. religious B. historical C. educational D. social 32. A. big B. good C. popular D. public 33. A. encouraging B. amazing C. sincere D. scientific 34. A. disrespected B. distrusted C. unemployed D. unpaid 35. A. reliable B. favorable C. interesting D. rewarding 第二节 （共 10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cheng Yuyan never expected that the interest group “We Love Strolling in the Park”, ___36___ she casually created four years ago on Douban, a Chinese social media platform, would now approach 100,000 members. According to ___37___ 25-year-old from Shanghai, establishing this group was just a spur-of-the-moment decision, ___38___ she didn’t invest much time in managing it afterwards. However, park enthusiasts from all over China and even overseas have spontaneously made ___39___ their gathering community. People share park experiences, post photos ___40___(take)in parks, and offer recommendations and reviews about parks. Within this group, there is a tag called”20 minutes for parks”, which ___41___(come) from a theory originating from the International Journal of Environmental Health Research. According to the theory, ___42___(spend)20 minutes in a park daily helps to reduce stress, regardless of ___43___ people exercise in it or simply take a walk. Huang Bingbing, living in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, is an enthusiastic ___44___(support) of this idea. “On that patch of grass, I could connect with living plants and animals, allowing me to refresh my mind and heal ____45____ the stresses of the workplace,” Huang said. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友William写信告知你，他计划申请来中国支教，但有些担忧。请你写一封回信鼓励他。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右： 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear William, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I pressed my fist into Dad’s old baseball glove as I stared out of the window of my stepfather’s van. Not a day went by that I didn’t think about Dad and how much I missed him. The van stopped at the edge of the baseball field. “Hey, buddy, have fun at practice. And don’t forget about your sister’s recital (表演) tonight,” said my stepfather as I climbed out. Zoe is not my sister, and you can’t tell me what to do, I grumbled (嘟囔) to myself. A bunch of guys from the team waved from the dugout. I jogged over half-heartedly. “Why do you look so unhappy?” David asked. “I have to go to my stepsister’s dance recital,” I sighed. “It could be worse,” David replied. I shot him an I-highly-doubt-that expression. “What if you had to perform in it?” Kevin said as he leaped and twirled (旋转) like a rodeo bull. I tried not to smile. The truth was that I had a lot of mixed-up feelings since Mom remarried a few months ago. I had always loved baseball, but even that felt different lately. I could barely concentrate. After practice, David and I sat together waiting for our ride. “I wish things didn’t have to change,” I said, “you know, for my mom and me.” “I have a stepmother and stepbrother too,” David said as if it were no big deal. “Seriously?” I hadn’t realized that, so I asked. David shrugged, “They’re just Mom and Dennis now. Give it a chance.” I let out a breath, still unsure about the recital tonight. Still unsure about everything! Back home, I found Zoe in her costume, but something was wrong. Her arms were folded tight across her chest, and her eyes were glossed with tears. “What’s wrong, Zoe?” I asked. “Opening night jitters (战战兢兢),” my stepfather said. “She doesn’t want to be in the recital,” Mom said. Huh. This should have been the best thing that could have happened — the possibility of not having to go to the performance. But somehow it wasn’t. Zoe had practiced so hard. And she’d reminded me at least a thousand times where she would be onstage. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Thinking of Kevin’s funny dance, I had an idea. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After Zoe disappeared into dancers backstage, we found our seats. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$