【期末备考】专题09:句子翻译 -上海名校2023-2024学年高二下学期英语试卷精选汇编

2024-05-31
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专题09 句子翻译 0 1 上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 0 2 上海市华师大附属周浦中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末复习试卷 0 3 上海市徐汇区南洋模范中学2022-2022学年高二下学期期末模拟英语试题 0 4 上海市上海中学2022-2023学年高二下学期质量调研(期末)英语试题 0 5 上海嘉定区嘉定一中2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 0 6 上海市复兴高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 0 7 上海市南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题 0 8 上海市奉贤区致远高级中学2022-2023学年高二5月教学评估英语试题 0 9 上海市延安中学2021-2022学年高二下学期6月质量调研(期末)英语试题 10 上海市曹杨第二中学2021-2022学年高二下学期总结性评价(期末)英语试题 0 1 1.要确保你在房屋摇晃的时候待在牢固的家具下方不动。(ensure)(汉译英) 2.据同学反馈,他只是假装在大部分社交场合表现良好。(function)(汉译英) 3.观众们倒抽一口凉气,这位种子选手赢下了前两局,两个小时之后却只有五成的获胜希望。(chance)(汉译英) 4.作为科学家不该惧怕可能遭到的怀疑,而应大胆猜想,抱着驽马十驾的态度科学验证,惟此才能早日迎来令人瞩目的突破。(Instead of)(汉译英) 0 2 5.他再也无法忍受经常加班,所以最终选择辞职。(opt) (汉译英) 6.不要劝他为明天的面试做准备了,因为问题是随机选择的。(persuade) (汉译英) 7.虽然玛丽声称她全身心地投入准备工作中,但实际上她根本没有重视这次演讲比赛。(dedicate,attach) (汉译英) 8.有些父母认为替孩子做决定是理所当然的,因为他们觉得孩子的能力远远不能让他们满意。(grant,far from) (汉译英) 03 9.毫无疑问,练得越多,你的英语口语就越流利。(the more……the more ……) (汉译英) 10.应该更多的强调学生创新能力和独立学习能力的培养。(emphasis) (汉译英) 11.直到苹果手机的出现,人们才意识到它已经给手机领域带来了巨大的变化。(Not until) (汉译英) 12.对我来说,最重要的事情是,具备与他人交流的能力,无论这些人的国籍与文化背景是什么。(regardless) (汉译英) 13.当决定是否建化工厂时,政府应该把环境保护、市民健康等几个重要因素考虑在内。 (consideration) (汉译英) 0 4 14.游客纷至沓来,欣赏郊外的春日胜景。(pour)(汉译英) 15.要不是得到了好心人的帮助,他不可能在这场灾难中幸存下来. (survive)(汉译英) 16.公司耗尽资源研发了有竞争力的产品,最终却因为缺乏资金陷入了绝境。(end)(汉译英) 17.在我们眼里腼腆的小王绘声绘色地讲述了一个激动人心的故事,令我们对他刮目相看。 (account)(汉译英) 0 5 18.在网上下单时,记得核对信息。(order) (汉译英) 19.这个古镇以许多传统活动为特色,是绝佳的旅游胜地。(feature v.) (汉译英) 20.有了这个应用程序,用户很容易就能在手机上进行个性化学习。(it) (汉译英) 21.篮球队的成功有赖于学校的大力支持,学校提供了充足的资金用于购买训练设施等必需品。(provide) (汉译英) 0 6 22.一听到他的哥哥在地震中幸存下来的消息,他忍不住大哭起来。(burst)(汉译英) 23.如果你时常感到焦虑不安,是时候采取行动让你的学习和生活恢复平衡了。(stress v.) (汉译英) 24.正是高中的学习经历使我相信,不论过程多么艰难,我们的努力终将得到回报。(It...;convince) (汉译英) 25.当你下定决心要帮助那些陷入困境的人时,考虑到对方的感受是必要的,以免伤害到他们的自尊心。(account) (汉译英) 0 7 26.不可否认的是, 他的成就是伴随着牺牲的。(accompany)(汉译英) 27.据传那个有争议的问题引起了广泛的关注。(whisper) (汉译英) 28.鉴于市场竞争的激烈和经济环境的不确定性,我们需要采取一系列可行的措施,以便渡过难关。(given) (汉译英) 29.尽管这位科学家的人生跌宕起伏,但他坚持自己的愿景,始终致力于自己的目标,这最终为他赢得了同行和科学界的掌声。(cling) (汉译英) 0 8 30.中国梦对于这些大一新生而言指的是什么?(refer) (汉译英) 31.坐落在小区附近的发电站给周围的居民造成危害。(pose) (汉译英) 32.这位致力于探索未知世界的冒险家为什么禁止回国仍然是个迷。(dedicate) (汉译英) 33.直到他发现很难在如此激烈的社会中找到一份体面的工作,他才意识到不应该辍学。(Not until) (汉译英) 0 9 34.没有了电商平台,我们无计可施,只能忍受供货商开出的天价。(deprive)(汉译英) 35.这位曾在一家教育机构担任英语教师的主播,带货的农产品从牛排到乳制品,应有尽有。(range v.)(汉译英) 36.女孩们受到殴打时试图还手,却没有成功,因为在体力方面她们根本不是这伙歹徒的对手。(vain, match v.)(汉译英) 37.正是因为被比作“美国的母亲之路”,才在近几年让66号公路越来越受欢迎。(It, popularity)(汉译英) 38.作为一个人口大国,粮食短缺仍是我国突出问题也不足为奇,需要付出更多努力来提高产量。(dedicate)(汉译英) 10 39.我最关心的是日常必需品是否能买到,而不是它们质量怎么好。(concern)(汉译英) 40.我很感激志愿者们在疫情期间为确保小区稳定运转所做的努力。(appreciate) (汉译英) 41.直到这个网红被罚以巨款,我们才意识到她的主要获利途径就是在社交媒体上推销商品。(Not until)(汉译英) 42.这一半个世纪前发现的历史遗迹分布范围达 50 平方公里,统一规划,布局有序,建筑宏伟。(cover) (汉译英) 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题09 句子翻译 0 1 上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 0 2 上海市华师大附属周浦中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末复习试卷 0 3 上海市徐汇区南洋模范中学2022-2022学年高二下学期期末模拟英语试题 0 4 上海市上海中学2022-2023学年高二下学期质量调研(期末)英语试题 0 5 上海嘉定区嘉定一中2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 0 6 上海市复兴高级中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 0 7 上海市南汇中学2023-2024学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题 0 8 上海市奉贤区致远高级中学2022-2023学年高二5月教学评估英语试题 0 9 上海市延安中学2021-2022学年高二下学期6月质量调研(期末)英语试题 10 上海市曹杨第二中学2021-2022学年高二下学期总结性评价(期末)英语试题 0 1 1.要确保你在房屋摇晃的时候待在牢固的家具下方不动。(ensure)(汉译英) 【答案】Ensure that you stay under sturdy furniture while the house is shaking. 【详解】考查宾语从句和状语从句。根据汉语可知,句子是在提供建议,整体应使用祈使句,结合提示可知,“确保”应用动词ensure;“你待在牢固的家具下方不动”可理解为ensure的宾语从句,从句的成分和语义均完整,应用连接词that作引导词,引导名词性从句,时态宜用一般现在时,主语“你”用you,谓语部分“待在牢固的家具下方不动”可译为动词短语stay under sturdy furniture;“在房屋摇晃的时候”可理解为时间状语从句,“在……时候”可用从属连词while,时态宜用现在进行时,主语“房屋”应用the house,是单数,谓语部分“摇晃”可译为is shaking。故可译为:Ensure that you stay under sturdy furniture while the house is shaking. 2.据同学反馈,他只是假装在大部分社交场合表现良好。(function)(汉译英) 【答案】According to feedback from classmates, he only pretends to perform well in most social situations. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“根据”短语为according to;表示“同学反馈”翻译为feedback from classmates;主语为he;表示“假装做某事”短语为pretend to do sth.,由副词only修饰;表示“在大部分社交场合表现良好”翻译为perform well in most social situations。为一般现在时。故翻译为According to feedback from classmates, he only pretends to perform well in most social situations. 3.观众们倒抽一口凉气,这位种子选手赢下了前两局,两个小时之后却只有五成的获胜希望。(chance)(汉译英) 【答案】The audience gasped in shock as this seeded player won the first two sets, but two hours later, his/her chance of winning dwindled to only fifty percent. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。本句陈述过去的事实,用一般过去时;主语为audience;表示“倒抽一口凉气”翻译为gasp in shock,作谓语,陈述过去的事情,用一般过去时;表示“这位种子选手赢下了前两局”应用as引导时间状语从句,翻译为as this seeded player won the first two sets;“两个小时之后却只有五成的获胜希望”处理为but连接并列句,表示“两个小时之后”翻译为two hours later;表示“赢的机会”翻译为chance of winning,“减少到”用dwindle to。故翻译为The audience gasped in shock as this seeded player won the first two sets, but two hours later, his/her chance of winning dwindled to only fifty percent. 4.作为科学家不该惧怕可能遭到的怀疑,而应大胆猜想,抱着驽马十驾的态度科学验证,惟此才能早日迎来令人瞩目的突破。(Instead of)(汉译英) 【答案】Instead of fearing possible doubts, scientists should boldly speculate and approach scientific validation with the attitude of “ten attempts with a lame horse.” Only by doing so can we hope to achieve remarkable breakthroughs as soon as possible. 【详解】考查固定短语和部分倒装。表示“不应该,而不是”应用Instead of,表示“惧怕可能遭到的怀疑”应用fearing possible doubts;主语为scientists;表示“大胆猜想”翻译为boldly speculate,should后跟动词原形;表示“抱着驽马十驾的态度科学验证”翻译为approach scientific validation with the attitude of “ten attempts with a lame horse.”;表示“惟此才能早日迎来令人瞩目的突破”翻译为Only by doing so can we hope to achieve remarkable breakthroughs as soon as possible,为部分倒装。故翻译为Instead of fearing possible doubts, scientists should boldly speculate and approach scientific validation with the attitude of “ten attempts with a lame horse.” Only by doing so can we hope to achieve remarkable breakthroughs as soon as possible. 0 2 5.他再也无法忍受经常加班,所以最终选择辞职。(opt) (汉译英) 【答案】He couldn’t stand working overtime any more, so he finally opted to quit. 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,这是一个并列句,情态动词couldn’t,后跟动词原形,stand doing sth. (忍受做某事),work overtime (加班),“再也无法忍受经常加班”可译为couldn’t stand working overtime any more;并列连词so (所以),“最终”译为finally;opt to do sth. (选择做某事),quit (辞职),“选择辞职”译为opt to quit。故翻译为:He couldn’t stand working overtime any more, so he finally opted to quit. 6.不要劝他为明天的面试做准备了,因为问题是随机选择的。(persuade) (汉译英) 【答案】Don’t persuade him to prepare for tomorrow’s interview, because the questions are chosen at random. 【详解】考查祈使句、时态语态和状语从句。表示“劝某人做某事”短语为persuade sb. to do sth.,主句为否定祈使句;表示“为……准备”短语为prepare for;表示“明天的面试”短语为tomorrow’s interview; because引导原因状语从句,主语为复数名词the questions;表示“选择”应用动词choose,与主语构成被动关系,用一般现在时的被动语态;表示“随机”短语为at random。故翻译为Don’t persuade him to prepare for tomorrow’s interview, because the questions are chosen at random. 7.虽然玛丽声称她全身心地投入准备工作中,但实际上她根本没有重视这次演讲比赛。(dedicate,attach) (汉译英) 【答案】Although Mary claimed that she dedicated herself to the preparation, in fact she didn’t attach importance to the speech contest at all. 【详解】考查让步状语从句,时态,宾语从句,固定短语和时态。“虽然玛丽声称她全身心地投入准备工作中”用although引导让步状语从句,“声称”是claim,句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,claim用过去式,其后跟that引导的宾语从句,“全身心地投入……中”是dedicate oneself to,dedicate用过去式,主语Mary是女生,因此oneself用herself,“准备工作”是the preparation,“实际上”是in fact,“重视”是attach importance to,“没有”用didn’t,“这次演讲比赛”是the speech contest,“根本”是at all,因此整句话翻译为“Although Mary claimed that she dedicated herself to the preparation, in fact she didn’t attach importance to the speech contest at all.”。故答案为Although Mary claimed that she dedicated herself to the preparation, in fact she didn’t attach importance to the speech contest at all. 8.有些父母认为替孩子做决定是理所当然的,因为他们觉得孩子的能力远远不能让他们满意。(grant,far from) (汉译英) 【答案】Some parents take it for granted to make decisions for their children because they feel that their children’s abilities are far from satisfactory to them. 【详解】考查固定短语和固定句型。“有些父母”可翻译为some parents在句中作主语,“认为……是理所当然的”可使用固定短语take it for granted to do sth.在句中作谓语,“孩子”可使用名词their children在句中作宾语。根据汉语提示可知,前后文为因果关系,因此可使用表示“因为”的连词because,“觉得”可翻译为feel,“孩子的能力远远不能让他们满意”可翻译为that引导的宾语从句,“孩子的能力”可翻译为their children’s abilities,“远远不能让人满意”可翻译为be far from satisfactory to。该句陈述一般事实,因此可使用一般现在时。故翻译为:Some parents take it for granted to make decisions for their children because they feel that their children's abilities are far from satisfactory to them.。 03 9.毫无疑问,练得越多,你的英语口语就越流利。(the more……the more ……) (汉译英) 【答案】There is no doubt that the more you practice, the more fluently you can speak English. 【详解】考查固定句型,固定搭配和时态。根据句意可知,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,“毫无疑问”是固定句型There is no doubt that...,that引导同位语从句;“越……越……”用固定句型“the+比较级,the+比较级”,“练得越多”是the more you practice,“你的英语口语就越流利”是the more fluently you can speak English,故答案为There is no doubt that the more you practice, the more fluently you can speak English. 10.应该更多的强调学生创新能力和独立学习能力的培养。(emphasis) (汉译英) 【答案】More emphasis should be put(placed/laid) on the cultivation of students’ creativity and independent learning. 【详解】考查名词和情态动词的被动语态。表示“应该更多的强调”应用情态动词的被动语态more emphasis should be put(placed/laid) on作主语和谓语;表示“学生创新能力和独立学习能力的培养”应用名词所有格the cultivation of students’ creativity and independent learning,作宾语。故翻译为:More emphasis should be put(placed/laid) on the cultivation of students’ creativity and independent learning. 11.直到苹果手机的出现,人们才意识到它已经给手机领域带来了巨大的变化。(Not until) (汉译英) 【答案】Not until iPhone appeared did people realize that it had brought great changes to the field of mobile phones. 【详解】考查倒装句。“直到……才”用not... until表示,“出现”用动词appear表示,“人们”用名词people作主语,“意识到”用realize作谓语,描述过去的事情用一般过去时,“它已经给手机领域带来了巨大的变化”用that引导的宾语从句表示,“给……带来”用bring...to表示,“带来变化”发生在“意识到”之前,故用过去完成时,“巨大的变化”用名词great changes作bring的宾语,“手机领域”表示为the field of mobile phones作介词to的宾语,故正常语序应为people didn’t realize that it had brought great changes to the field of mobile phones until iPhone appeared,当Not until位于句首时,主句要部分倒装,即把助动词放在主语前面。故译为Not until iPhone appeared did people realize that it had brought great changes to the field of mobile phones.。 12.对我来说,最重要的事情是,具备与他人交流的能力,无论这些人的国籍与文化背景是什么。(regardless) (汉译英) 【答案】What matters to me most is the ability to communicate with others, regardless of nationality or cultural background. 【详解】考查主语从句、短语和时态。表示“最重要的事情是”用主语从句,通过从句可知,主语从句中主语应是指物,所以引导词用what ,表示“对我来说”用to me,从句中谓语动词用matter,从句讲述的是一个客观事实,what作主语,谓语用单数形式matters,所以主语从句完整形式是What matters to me most,因为主语从句是一个从句,所以主句谓语用单数形式,且是讲述客观事实,所以时态是一般现在时,即谓语动词是is。表示“……的能力”用短语the ability to do sth.;“与某人交流”用短语communicate with sb.;“无论”用短语 regardless of;“国籍”翻译为nationality ;“文化背景”翻译为cultural background。故翻译为What matters to me most is the ability to communicate with others, regardless of nationality or cultural background. 13.当决定是否建化工厂时,政府应该把环境保护、市民健康等几个重要因素考虑在内。 (consideration) (汉译英) 【答案】When deciding whether to build a chemical factory, the government should take into consideration several important factors such as environmental protection and people’s health. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。表示“当……时”应用连词when引导时间状语;表示“决定是否建化工厂时”应用现在分词短语deciding whether to build a chemical factory作状语;表示“政府”应用名词the government作主语;表示“应该把……考虑在内”应用动词短语 should take into consideration作谓语;表示“环境保护、市民健康等几个重要因素”应用名词短语several important factors such as environmental protection and people’s health,作宾语。故翻译为:When deciding whether to build a chemical factory, the government should take into consideration several important factors such as environmental protection and people’s health. 0 4 14.游客纷至沓来,欣赏郊外的春日胜景。(pour)(汉译英) 【答案】Tourists pour in the countryside to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery. 【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词、非谓语动词和时态。主语“游客”用tourist,结合句意,句中泛指所有游客,用复数名词tourists;谓语“纷至沓来”可理解为“蜂拥到……”,用动词短语pour in,描述当前的情况,用一般现在时态;根据句意,句中暗指游客蜂拥到“郊外”,作宾语,用名词the countryside表示;“欣赏春日胜景”是目的状语,用不定式短语to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery。综上,全句译为:Tourists pour in the countryside to enjoy the beautiful spring scenery. 15.要不是得到了好心人的帮助,他不可能在这场灾难中幸存下来. (survive)(汉译英) 【答案】If he had not received help from kind-hearted people, he would not have survived the disaster. 【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词。根据所给中文提示词可知,本句应用if引导的虚拟条件从句,“他不可能在这场灾难中幸存下来”是主句,与过去事实相反,用主语+would/could+have done形式,根据题干要求需用survive意为“幸存”,译为“he would not have survived this disaster”,“要不是得到了好心人的帮助”是从句,与过去事实相反,用if+主语+had done形式,译为“if he had not received help from kind-hearted people”。故译为:If he had not received help from kind-hearted people, he would not have survived the disaster. 16.公司耗尽资源研发了有竞争力的产品,最终却因为缺乏资金陷入了绝境。(end)(汉译英) 【答案】The company exhausted its resources to develop a competitive product, only to end up in a desperate situation due to lack of funds. 【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词、介词短语、非谓语动词和时态。主语“公司”用the company,谓语“耗尽”用动词exhaust,讲述过去的事情,用一般过去时态exhausted,宾语“资源”用its resources,目的状语“研发了有竞争力的产品”用不定式短语to develop a competitive product;“最终却因为缺乏资金陷入了绝境”是结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果,可用不定式结构only to do...表示,其中“最终陷入”用动词短语end up in表示,宾语“绝境”用a desperate situation,原因状语“因为缺乏资金”用介词短语due to lack of funds表示。综上,全句译为:The company exhausted its resources to develop a competitive product, only to end up in a desperate situation due to lack of funds. 17.在我们眼里腼腆的小王绘声绘色地讲述了一个激动人心的故事,令我们对他刮目相看。 (account)(汉译英) 【答案】Xiao Wang, who was shy in our eyes, accounted an exciting story in vivid style and made us look at him with new eyes. 【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词、介词短语、时态和定语从句。分析句子可知,“小王绘声绘色地讲述了一个激动人心的故事,令我们对他刮目相看”是主句,主语“小王”用Xiao Wang,谓语“讲述”用动词account,讲述过去的事情,用一般过去时态,宾语“一个激动人心的故事”用an exciting story,方式状语“绘声绘色地”用介词短语in vivid style,并列谓语“令”可用使役动词make表示,与谓语动词account用连词and连接,用一般过去时态made,宾语“我们”用宾格代词us,宾语补足语“对他刮目相看”用动词短语look at him with new eyes,作使役动词make后的宾语补足语,用原形;“在我们眼里腼腆的”可处理为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Xiao Wang,用关系代词将其代入从句中作主语,“腼腆”作表语,用形容词shy,表明主语的性格,系动词was用一般过去时态,说明是之前对Xiao Wang的认识。综上,全句译为:Xiao Wang, who was shy in our eyes, accounted an exciting story in vivid style and made us look at him with new eyes. 0 5 18.在网上下单时,记得核对信息。(order) (汉译英) 【答案】When you order/ordering online, remember to check the information. 【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词、名词、非谓语动词和祈使句。根据题干,“在网上下单时”可翻译为when引导的时间状语从句;“记得核对信息”可翻译为祈使句。“在网上”可表示为online;“下单”可表示为order;“记得”可表示为remember,remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”,其中不定式作宾语;“核对”可表示为check;“信息”可表示为information。根据句意,主从句的主语一致,所以时间状语从句也可省略主语you,order和逻辑主语“你”之间是主谓关系,所以可用现在分词形式。故本句可翻译为:When you order/ordering online, remember to check the information. 19.这个古镇以许多传统活动为特色,是绝佳的旅游胜地。(feature v.) (汉译英) 【答案】The ancient town features a number of traditional events/ activities, and it is an ideal/a perfect tourist destination. 【详解】考查并列句、形容词、动词、名词和固定短语。句子描述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,根据题干,本句可翻译为and连接的并列句。“古镇”可表示为ancient town;“以……为特色”可表示为feature;“许多”可表示为a number of;“传统活动”可表示为traditional events/ activities;“绝佳的”可表示为ideal/perfect;“旅游胜地”可表示为tourist destination。故本句可翻译为:The ancient town features a number of traditional events/ activities, and it is an ideal/a perfect tourist destination. 20.有了这个应用程序,用户很容易就能在手机上进行个性化学习。(it) (汉译英) 【答案】With the app/application, it’s easy for users to have personalized learning on their mobile/cell phones. 【详解】考查介词、名词、固定句型和固定短语。句子描述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,本句可用it is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.结构,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式。“有了”可表示为with;“应用程序”可表示为app/application;“容易”可表示为easy;“在手机上”可表示为on mobile/cell phones;“个性化学习”可表示为personalized learning。故本句可翻译为:With the app/application, it’s easy for users to have personalized learning on their mobile/cell phones. 21.篮球队的成功有赖于学校的大力支持,学校提供了充足的资金用于购买训练设施等必需品。(provide) (汉译英) 【答案】The success of the basketball team depends on the great/strong support from the school, as the school has provided sufficient funds for the team to purchase/buy training facilities and other necessaries. 【详解】考查动词、固定短语、原因状语从句、非谓语动词。根据题干,本句可表示为有as引导的原因状语从句的主从复合句;“篮球队”可表示为basketball team;“……的成功”可表示为the success of...;“有赖于”可表示为depend on;“支持”可表示为support ;“提供”可表示为provide,provide sth. for sb.固定搭配,意为“给某人提供某物”;“充足的资金”可表示为sufficient funds;“购买”可表示为purchase/buy,应用不定式作宾语补足语;“训练设施”可表示为training facilities;“必需品”可表示为necessaries。故本句可翻译为:The success of the basketball team depends on the great/strong support from the school, as the school has provided sufficient funds for the team to purchase/buy training facilities and other necessaries. 0 6 22.一听到他的哥哥在地震中幸存下来的消息,他忍不住大哭起来。(burst)(汉译英) 【答案】Upon hearing the news that his brother had survived the earthquake, he couldn’t help but burst into tears. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和同位语从句。句子包含主语“他”的两个主要行为:“忍不住大哭”和“听到消息”,前者是讲述重点,故应构成句子主干。根据汉语提示可知,“他的哥哥在地震中幸存下来”是“消息”的内容,故此处可用同位语从句来表示;又因为“幸存”发生在“大哭”这一动作的过去,蕴含着“已经幸存下来”的意味,故从句时态可用过去完成时;由于他在听到消息后立刻大哭,可以用非谓语动词固定结构“Upon doing…”来表达“一……就”,故句子前半句可译为“Upon hearing the news that his brother had survived the earthquake”。主句中“忍不住做……”用固定短语“can’t help but do…”来表示,此句可能是在描述过去的一个场景,故可用过去式“couldn’t help but do…”;根据提示词burst可知,“大哭”用短语“burst into tears”来表示,故主句可译为“he couldn’t help but burst into tears”。故翻译为Upon hearing the news that his brother had survived the earthquake, he couldn’t help but burst into tears. 23.如果你时常感到焦虑不安,是时候采取行动让你的学习和生活恢复平衡了。(stress v.) (汉译英) 【答案】If you are often stressed out, it’s time to take action to restore balance to your study and life. 【详解】考查状语从句、固定句型、动词短语和名词短语。“如果你时常感到焦虑不安”用if“如果”引导条件状语从句,时态用一般现在时,主语“你”用代词you,“时常”用副词often,“感到焦虑不安”可用动词短语stress out的被动形式be stressed out,be动词应用are;“是时候采取行动让你的学习和生活恢复平衡了”为主句,可用固定句型it is time to sth.表示“是做某事的时候了”,“采取行动做某事”用动词短语take action to do sth.,“让……恢复平衡”可用动词短语restore balance to,“你的学习和生活”可用名词短语your study and life。故译为:If you are often stressed out, it’s time to take action to restore balance to your study and life. 24.正是高中的学习经历使我相信,不论过程多么艰难,我们的努力终将得到回报。(It...;convince) (汉译英) 【答案】It was the learning experience in high school that convinced me that no matter how hard the process was, our efforts would eventually pay off. 【详解】考查强调句和宾语从句以及时态。根据句意可知,“正是高中的学习经历使我相信”为强调句式:it be +被强调部分+that+其他部分。句子陈述过去的事情,为一般过去时。“高中的学习经历”为learning experience in high school, 作主语,为被强调部分;“使……相信”为动词convince, “使我相信……”表达为convince me that...,that引导宾语从句。宾语从句“不论过程多么艰难,我们的努力终将得到回报”表达为含有no matter how引导的让步状语从句的主从复合句;“艰难”为形容词hard,“过程”为名词process,“不论过程多么艰难”状语从句的结构为: no matter how+形容词+主语+谓语,时态为一般过去时。“我们的努力”为名词短语our efforts,“得到回报”为动词短语pay off,“我们的努力终将得到回报”用过去将来时,表达为our efforts would eventually pay off。故翻译为:It was the learning experience in high school that convinced me that no matter how hard the process was, our efforts would eventually pay off. 25.当你下定决心要帮助那些陷入困境的人时,考虑到对方的感受是必要的,以免伤害到他们的自尊心。(account) (汉译英) 【答案】When you are determined to help those who are in trouble, it is necessary to take their feelings into account so as not to hurt their self-esteem. 【详解】考查状语从句、定语从句、固定句型和固定短语。根据所给中文提示词,“当你下定决心要帮助那些陷入困境的人时”用when引导的时间状语从句,主语是“你”,译为you,“下定决心”用动词短语be determined to,本句描述一般性的情况,用一般现在时,be动词用are,“帮助那些陷入困境的人”可用定语从句,先行词是those,在从句中作主语,用who引导,译为help those who are in trouble;“考虑到对方的感受是必要的,以免伤害到他们的自尊心”为主句,此处用固定句型it is necessary to do sth.,“考虑到”用动词短语take into account,“以免”用固定搭配so as not to,“伤害到他们的自尊心”可用动词hurt和名词短语their self-esteem搭配。故译为:When you are determined to help those who are in trouble, it is necessary to take their feelings into account so as not to hurt their self-esteem. 0 7 26.不可否认的是, 他的成就是伴随着牺牲的。(accompany)(汉译英) 【答案】There is no denying that his achievements have been accompanied by sacrifice. 【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。表示“不可否认的是”应用there is no denying that...,that引导同位语从句;表示“他的成就”应用his achievements;表示“伴随”应用固定搭配be accompanied by,此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响,使用现在完成时,主语为复数名词,助动词用have;表示“牺牲”应用sacrifice。故翻译成:There is no denying that his achievements have been accompanied by sacrifice. 27.据传那个有争议的问题引起了广泛的关注。(whisper) (汉译英) 【答案】It is whispered that the controversial issue has caused wide public concern. 【详解】考查短语、时态和名词性从句。“据传”用句型It is whispered that...,it作形式主语,真正的主语为that从句。 “有争议的问题”翻译为controversial issue;“引起了广泛的关注”翻译为cause wide public concern。主句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时。从句陈述过去事情对现在的影响,所以用现在完成时。根据句意,故翻译为It is whispered that the controversial issue has caused wide public concern. 28.鉴于市场竞争的激烈和经济环境的不确定性,我们需要采取一系列可行的措施,以便渡过难关。(given) (汉译英) 【答案】Given the fierce competition in the market and the uncertainty of the economic environment, we need to take a series of feasible measures to overcome the difficulties. 【详解】考查介词,形容词,名词,短语和不定式。“鉴于”是given,为介词,后面用名词短语,“市场竞争的激烈”是the fierce competition in the market,“……的不确定性”是the uncertainty of,“经济环境”是the economic environment,“和”用and,“需要做某事”是need to do sth.,“一系列的”是a series of,“可行的”是feasible,“采取一系列可行的措施”是take a series of feasible measures,“以便渡过难关”用不定式表目的,“渡过难关”也就是“克服困难”,是overcome the difficulties。故翻译为Given the fierce competition in the market and the uncertainty of the economic environment, we need to take a series of feasible measures to overcome the difficulties. 29.尽管这位科学家的人生跌宕起伏,但他坚持自己的愿景,始终致力于自己的目标,这最终为他赢得了同行和科学界的掌声。(cling) (汉译英) 【答案】Despite the ups and downs in the scientist’s life, he clung to his vision and remained committed to his goals, which ultimately earned him applause from his peers and the scientific community. 【详解】考查介词,固定短语,时态和定语从句。“尽管”是despite,让步介词,“跌宕起伏”是the ups and downs,“这位科学家的人生”是in the scientist’s life,“坚持”是cling to,句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,cling用过去式clung,“自己的愿景”也就是“他的愿景”,即his vision,“始终致力于”是remain committed to,remain用过去式,“自己的目标”也就是“他的目标”,即his goals,“这最终为他赢得了同行和科学界的掌声”用which引导的非限制性定语从句,which指代前面整个主句的内容,“最终”是ultimately,“为他赢得了”是earn sb. sth.,earn用过去式,“同行和科学界的掌声”也就是“来自于同行和科学界的掌声”,“掌声”是applause,“来自”是from,“同行”是his peers,“科学界”是the scientific community,“和”用and。故翻译为Despite the ups and downs in the scientist’s life, he clung to his vision and remained committed to his goals, which ultimately earned him applause from his peers and the scientific community. 0 8 30.中国梦对于这些大一新生而言指的是什么?(refer) (汉译英) 【答案】For these freshmen, what does Chinese dream refer to ? 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。根据句意,该句描述的是现在的情况,所以使用一般现在时,表示“对于这些大一新生而言”应为for these freshmen,位于句首时,介词for的首字母需大写;表示“中国梦”为Chinese dream作主语,表示“指的是”应为refer to;该句为特殊疑问句,其特殊疑问词表示“什么”为what,作refer to的宾语;因该句为一般现在时态,且主语为第三人称单数,所以助动词为does。故翻译为For these freshmen, what does Chinese dream refer to? 31.坐落在小区附近的发电站给周围的居民造成危害。(pose) (汉译英) 【答案】The power plant which is located near the neighbourhood poses dangers to the nearby residents. 【详解】考查定语从句、名词和动词。根据句意,该句描述的是客观事实,所以应使用一般现在时态,表示“发电站”应为the power plant作主语,位于句首时,定冠词的首字母需大写;表示“给周围的居民造成危害”,根据提示pose可知,应为pose sth. to sb.,所以应译为pose the dangers to the nearby residents,因句子主语是第三人称单数,所以谓语动词pose因使用三单形式poses;表示“坐落在小区附近的”为定语从句修饰名词“发电站”,“发电站”在从句中作主语,所以应使用关系代词which,表示“位于,坐落于”应为be located,主语which指代的是第三人称单数,所以be动词为is,表示“小区附近”作状语,应为near the neighbourhood,所以定语从句译为which is located near the neighbourhood主语先行词“发电站”之后。故翻译为The power plant which is located near the neighbourhood poses dangers to the nearby residents. 32.这位致力于探索未知世界的冒险家为什么禁止回国仍然是个迷。(dedicate) (汉译英) 【答案】Why the adventurer who had been dedicated to exploring the unknown was prohibited from returning to his country remains a mystery. 【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。根据句意,表示“仍然是”描述的是现在的情况,所以使用一般现在时态,表示“被禁止回国”发生在“仍然是”之前,应使用一般过去时,而“一直致力于探险”这一动作发生在“被禁止回国之前”所以使用过去完成时;表示“冒险家”应为the adventurer,表示“致力于探索未知世界的”为定语从句,“冒险家”在从句中作主语,所以此处使用关系代词who,表示“致力于”应为be dedicated to,结合上文分析,用于过去完成时应为had been dedicated to,表示“探索未知世界”应为explore the unknown,位于介词to之后,所以explore应使用动名词形式作宾语,所以定语从句翻译为who had been dedicated to exploring the unknown;表示“冒险家为什么禁止回国”应为主语从句作主句的主语,结合句意可知,该主语从句应使用why引导,从句的主语为the adventurer,“被禁止”作主语从句的谓语,应为be prohibited from,根据上文分析,该动作使用一般过去时态,句子主语是第三人称单数,所以be动词为was,表示“回国”应为return to his country,其余介词from之后,所以应使用动名词形式作宾语,所以主语从句译为Why the adventurer was prohibited from returning to his country;表示“仍然是”应为主句的谓语,根据上文分析,此处应是一般现在时态,且主语从句作主语时,位于动词使用三单形式,即remains,表示“一个迷”应为a mystery作主句的表语。故翻译为Why the adventurer who had been dedicated to exploring the unknown was prohibited from returning to his country remains a mystery。 33.直到他发现很难在如此激烈的社会中找到一份体面的工作,他才意识到不应该辍学。(Not until) (汉译英) 【答案】Not until he finds it hard to find a decent job in such a competitive society does he realize he shouldn’t have dropped out of school. 【详解】考查倒装句、动词和名词。根据句意,该句描述的为现在的情况,所以使用一般现在时;根据句意可知,表示“他发现很难找到一份体面的工作”应为从句,使用“find it hard to do sth.”结构,主语为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词也为动词三单使的形式,即为he finds it hard to find a decent job,表示“在如此激烈的社会中”作状语,应译为in such a competitive society,所以从句应为he finds it hard to find a decent job in such a competitive society;表示“他意识到不应该辍学。”为主句部分,主句中的谓语动词表示“意识到”应为realize,主语为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词也应为三单形式,表示“他不应该辍学”应为主句中的宾语从句,作realize的宾语,应使用shouldn’t have done结构,所以主句部分应为he realizes he shouldn’t have dropped out of school,其否定形式为he doesn’t realize he shouldn’t have dropped out of school;根据提示,从句应为until引导的时间状语从句,即until he finds it hard to find a decent job in such a competitive society,当主句中的否定词not与until一起提到句首时,主句需部分倒装,即将助动词置于主语之前,且not的首字母需大写。故翻译为Not until he finds it hard to find a decent job in such a competitive society does he realize he shouldn’t have dropped out of school.。 0 9 34.没有了电商平台,我们无计可施,只能忍受供货商开出的天价。(deprive)(汉译英) 【答案】Deprived of the access to e-commerce platforms, we have no choice but to put up with the incredibly high price charged by the suppliers. 【详解】考查固定短语,非谓语动词,时态和主谓一致。“没有了电商平台”用过去分词短语表被动,作状语,可翻译为deprived of the access to e-commerce platforms,“无计可施,只能做某事”是固定短语have no choice but to do,“忍受”是put up with,“供货商开出的天价”是the incredibly high price charged by the suppliers,分析句意可知,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,因此整句话翻译为“Deprived of the access to e-commerce platforms, we have no choice but to put up with the incredibly high price charged by the suppliers”。故答案为Deprived of the access to e-commerce platforms, we have no choice but to put up with the incredibly high price charged by the suppliers. 35.这位曾在一家教育机构担任英语教师的主播,带货的农产品从牛排到乳制品,应有尽有。(range v.)(汉译英) 【答案】The live streamer who used to be an English tutor in an educational institution sells almost all kinds of produce, ranging from the steak to dairy products. 【详解】考查时态、定语从句和非谓语动词。主语“这位主播”译为the live streamer,后接定语从句“曾在一家教育机构担任英语教师”,从句时态一般过去时,译为used to be an English tutor in an educational institution,先行词指人,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用who引导从句,主句谓语“带货”使用动词sell,主句描述一般性情况,应用一般现在时,主语the live streamer是单数,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式sells,后接宾语“几乎所有种类的农产品”almost all kinds of produce,“从牛排到乳制品”译为range from the steak to dairy products,range与逻辑主语produce之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故翻译为The live streamer who used to be an English tutor in an educational institution sells almost all kinds of produce, ranging from the steak to dairy products. 36.女孩们受到殴打时试图还手,却没有成功,因为在体力方面她们根本不是这伙歹徒的对手。(vain, match v.)(汉译英) 【答案】The girls tried to fight back in vain when they were violently attacked, for they couldn’t match the villains in terms of physical strength. 【详解】考查时态,固定短语和状语从句。分析句意可知,句子描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,“女孩们”是the girls,“受到殴打时”用when引导的时间状语从句,且时态用一般过去时,用被动语态,翻译为when they were violently attacked,“试图还手”是tried to fight back,“因为”是for,“在体力方面”是in terms of physical strength,“她们根本不是这伙歹徒的对手”是they couldn’t match the villains,因此整句话翻译为“The girls tried to fight back in vain when they were violently attacked, for they couldn’t match the villains in terms of physical strength”。故答案为The girls tried to fight back in vain when they were violently attacked, for they couldn’t match the villains in terms of physical strength. 37.正是因为被比作“美国的母亲之路”,才在近几年让66号公路越来越受欢迎。(It, popularity)(汉译英) 【答案】It is because of being compared to the Mother Road of America that Route 66 has gained popularity over recent years. 【详解】考查时态和强调句结构。根据句意,句子可用强调句句型“It is+被强调部分+that+其他部分”,because of (因为),be compared to (被比作),其中被强调部分“因为被比作‘美国的母亲之路’”,译为because of being compared to the Mother Road of America,被强调部分为原句状语,其他部分“近几年66号公路越来越受欢迎”,“近几年”译为over recent years,作时间状语置于句末,句子应用现在完成时,主语“66号公路”译为Route 66,“越来越受欢迎”译为gain popularity,主语为单数,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式has gained。故翻译为It is because of being compared to the Mother Road of America that Route 66 has gained popularity over recent years. 38.作为一个人口大国,粮食短缺仍是我国突出问题也不足为奇,需要付出更多努力来提高产量。(dedicate)(汉译英) 【答案】Given the large population, it’s no surprise that the shortage of grain is still a prominent issue in our country, and more efforts should be dedicated to increasing the output. 【详解】考查时态、it作形式主语和主语从句。句子描述现在的一般性情况,应用一般现在时,“作为一个人口大国”使用介词短语given the large population,即“考虑到人口众多”,作状语置于句首,“粮食短缺仍是我国突出问题”译为the shortage of grain is still a prominent issue in our country,使用that引导从句作真正主语,it置于句首作形式主语,be动词使用is,即it’s,后接表语“不足为奇”no surprise,连词and后接并列句,主语“更多努力”译为more efforts,“付出”译为dedicate,短语be dedicated to doing sth.表示“致力于做某事”,情态动词should后接动词原形形式,即should be dedicated to,“提高产量”译为increase the output,使用动名词形式作介词to的宾语。故翻译为Given the large population, it’s no surprise that the shortage of grain is still a prominent issue in our country, and more efforts should be dedicated to increasing the output. 10 39.我最关心的是日常必需品是否能买到,而不是它们质量怎么好。(concern)(汉译英) 【答案】What concerns me most is not how good the daily necessities are but the availability of them. 【详解】考查时态和主语从句。分析句意可知,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,“我最关心的是”用what引导的主语从句,是what concerns me most,“日常必需品”是the daily necessities,“日常必需品(他们)是否能买到”用the availability of them,“而不是”用not,“它们质量怎么好”是how good the daily necessities are,因此整句话翻译为“What concerns me most is not how good the daily necessities are but the availability of them”,故答案为What concerns me most is not how good the daily necessities are but the availability of them. 40.我很感激志愿者们在疫情期间为确保小区稳定运转所做的努力。(appreciate) (汉译英) 【答案】I appreciate the volunteers’efforts to ensure the stable operation of the community during the pandemic. 【详解】考查时态、名词和不定式。根据提示,本句为一般现在时,表示“感激”应用动词appreciate,充当该句谓语;表示“志愿者们所做的努力”的表达为volunteers’ efforts,充当宾语,其中名词所有格volunteers’修饰名词efforts;表示“确保”应用动词ensure,此处应用不定式to ensure充当efforts的定语;表示“稳定”应用形容词stable,充当定语,修饰operation,operation即“运转”;表示“小区”应用名词community,前面加上of,作operation的后置定语;表示“在疫情期间”应用短语during the pandemic。故翻译为:I appreciate the volunteers’efforts to ensure the stable operation of the community during the pandemic. 41.直到这个网红被罚以巨款,我们才意识到她的主要获利途径就是在社交媒体上推销商品。(Not until)(汉译英) 【答案】Not until this online celebrity was fined a huge sum of money did we realize that her main way to make money was to promote products on social media. 【详解】考查部分倒装和宾语从句。表示“直到……才……”句型为not until…that…,位于句首应用部分倒装;表示“网红被罚以巨款”翻译为this online celebrity was fined a huge sum of money;表示“我们才意识到她的主要获利途径就是在社交媒体上推销商品”翻译为we realize that her main way to make money was to promote products on social media。句子应用一般过去时。故翻译为Not until this online celebrity was fined a huge sum of money did we realize that her main way to make money was to promote products on social media. 42.这一半个世纪前发现的历史遗迹分布范围达 50 平方公里,统一规划,布局有序,建筑宏伟。(cover) (汉译英) 【答案】This historic site, which was discovered half a century ago, covers an area of 50 square kilometers, with unified planning, order layout and magnificent architecture. 【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词和时态。 historic site历史遗迹;cover an area of...占地面积为……;unified planning统一规划;order layout布局有序;magnificent architecture建筑宏伟。根据句意可知,句子主干是一个主谓宾结构,主句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,即This historic site covers an area of 50 square kilometers;句中可以使用一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为historic site,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。根据时间状语half a century ago可知,用一般过去时,即which was discovered half a century ago;之后用with的介宾短语。根据句意,故翻译为This historic site, which was discovered half a century ago, covers an area of 50 square kilometers, with unified planning, order layout and 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