2024年中考英语二轮复习--形容词和副词的最高级

形容词和副词的 比较级和最高级 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成 1.规则变化 构词法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加­er、­est tall taller tallest fast faster fastest 以不发音的字母e结尾的词，加­r、­st nice nicer nicest wide wider widest 构词法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词和少数双音节词 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加­er、­est hot hotter hottest big bigger biggest 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加­er、­est easy easier easiest busy busier busiest early earlier earliest 构词法 原级 比较级 最高级 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more、 most careful more careful most careful important more important most important actively more actively most actively slowly more slowly most slowly 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least 原级 比较级 最高级 old older(较年老，较旧) oldest(最年长，最旧) elder(较年长) eldest(最年长) far farther(较远) farthest(最远) further (较深远，进一步) furthest(最深远，最进步) 四、形容词和副词比较等级的主要用法 1.原级 结构 意义 例句 as＋形容词/副词原级＋as... 和……一样…… He got up as early as usual. 他起得和平常一样早。Hangzhou is as beautiful as Suzhou. 杭州和苏州一样漂亮。 结构 意义 例句 not as＋形容词/副词原级＋as... 不如…… He is not as/so tall as I. 他不如我高。 Tom didn't run as/so fast as Jack. 汤姆跑得不如杰克快。 the same＋形容词/副词原级＋as... 同级比较 This orange is the same big as that one. 这个橘子和那个一样大。 注：一些貌似原级的固定短语 as long as 只要　　 as far as 就……而言 as soon as 一……就……　 as well as 既……又…… 2.比较级 结构 意义 例句 形容词/副词的比较级＋than 比…… Chinese is more difficult than English. 汉语比英语难。 Lily works harder than I. 莉莉工作比我努力。 比较级＋and＋比较级 越来越…… It's getting warmer and warmer. 天气越来越暖和。 the＋比较级，the＋另一比较级 越……，就越…… The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。 结构 意义 例句 no＋比较级＝not any＋比较级 不再…… He was so tired that he couldn't walk any farther. 他太累了，再也走不动了。 the＋比较级＋of the two... 两者中比较……的一方 Sally is the taller of the two girls. 萨莉是两个女孩中较高的那个。 比较级＋than any other＋名词单数 在同一范围内逐一比较 Tom is more careful than any other boy in our class. 在我们班，汤姆比其他任何男孩子都要细心。 比较级＋than any＋名词单数 在不同一范围内逐一比较 Canada is larger than any country in Asia. 加拿大的国土面积比任何亚洲国家都大。 3.最高级 结构 意义 例句 the＋最高级＋of/among/in＋表范围的名词 在……中最…… Russia is the biggest country in the world. 俄罗斯是世界上国土面积最大的国家。Summer is the hottest season of the four seasons. 夏天是四个季节里最热的季节。 He jumps (the) highest among the three people. 三个人中他跳得最高。 结构 意义 例句 one of the＋最高级＋名词复数 最……之一 The Yangtze River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 the＋序数词＋最高级 第几最…… Hainan Island is the second largest island in China. 海南岛是中国的第二大岛屿。 注：形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，副词最高级前则可以省略。 如： Wang Bing runs (the) fastest in his school. 王兵在学校跑得最快。 4.表示倍数或数量相比的几种表达法 结构 例句 A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋the＋n.＋of＋B This school is twice the size of ours. 这所学校面积是我们学校的两倍大。 A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B This school is twice as big as ours. 这所学校是我们学校的两倍大。 结构 例句 A＋谓语动词＋倍数＋比较级＋than＋B This school is twice bigger than ours. 这所学校比我们学校大两倍。 A＋谓语动词＋数量词＋比较级＋than＋B My father is two years older than my mother. 我父亲比我母亲大两岁。 (　D　)1.t is about to rain. There are no birds flying ________. A. somewhere B. elsewhere C. nowhere D. anywhere (　D　)2. People often think they are ________ than they really are. A. even attractive B. much attractive C. most attractive D. more attractive (　C　)3. Of the two girls, who is ________ one? A. smart B. smarter C. the smarter D. the smartest (　B　)4. Jack isn't ________ to ride a bike to school. A. enough old B. old enough C. enough young D. young enough (　B　)5. I'm truly ________ for what you've done for me. A. welcome B. grateful C. pleasant D. willing (　D　)6.He has a very ________ attitude to his work, and he is not interested in it at all. A. positive B. active C. definite D. negative (　D　)7. It is believed that if a book is ________， it will surely ________ the reader. A. interested; interest B. interesting; be interested C. interested; be interesting D. interesting; interest (　A　)8. Many students signed up for the ________ race in the sports meeting to be held next week. A. 800­meter­long B. 800­meters­long C. 800 meter length D. 800 meters length (　D　)9. The results ________ than we expected. A. turned out to be good B. turned out to be well C. turned to be better D. turned out to be better (　B　)10. By the way, I have ________ to tell you. A. anything important B. something important C. important something D. important anything (　C　)11. The food smells ________ and sells ________. A. well; good B. well; well C. good; well D. good; good (　A　)12. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ________ to her mother. A. close B. closely C. closed D. closing (　C　)13. The students are ________ young people between the age of sixteen and twenty. A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most $$