专题13 特殊句式 - 2025年高考英语一轮复习基础知识能力提升全囊括（译林版2020）

特殊句式 进门测试 1．（2024·山东泰安·一模）— ________ into the night sky spelling the message “One World One Family”. We were very excited about it. — Yeah. As a Chinese we were proud of it. A．Up went the fireworks B．Went up the fireworks C．Up did the fireworks go D．Up the fireworks went 【答案】A 【详解】考查全部倒装。句意：——烟花升入夜空，拼出“同一个世界，同一个家庭”的字样。我们对此非常兴奋。——是的。作为中国人，我们为此感到自豪。副词up放在句首，且主语the fireworks为名词，句子要用全部倒装，即：Up+谓语+主语+其他。went是本句谓语，放在主语the fireworks前。故选A。 2．（2023·山东·一模） was this dictionary I borrowed in the library. A．It; that B．This; which C．It; who D．That; when 【答案】A 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：这是我在图书馆借的字典。去掉两个设空处和was句子依然完整且句意正确，由此可知，本句考查强调句：it is/was+强调部分+that（强调人可用who），本句强调宾语this dictionary应用that。故选A。 3．（2024·山东·一模）—I can’t go for a holiday this summer. —__________. A．Neither can I B．So can I C．Nor do I D．So do I 【答案】A 【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：——今年夏天我不能去度假了。——我也不能。根据语境可知，第二句意思是“我也不能去”，“也不”是neither/nor，由第一句中的can’t可知，第二句中也用情态动词can，neither/nor是否定副词，位于句首时引起部分倒装，即将can提前到主语前面，因此空格处是Neither can I。故选A。 4．（2023·天津·二模）—How is the man injured in the accident? —The doctor said if________ in a proper way, he was likely to be saved. A．treated B．treating C．is treated D．to be treated 【答案】A 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：——那个人在事故中是怎么受伤的？——医生说如果治疗得当，他是有可能得救的。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词。if引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词为was，则可以省略从句的主语和be动词，故用done形式作状语。故选A。 一、知识脉络 二、知识精讲 一、倒装 1.完全倒装 即谓语动词在主语的前面。这类句型主要有以下几种形式 类别 例句 (1)在there be句型中(其中be动词还可换 成seem,live,stand,lie,appear,exist等动词) 要全部倒装；也可把地点状语置于句首，去掉there。 There stands a stone bridge across the river 河上有一座石桥。 There are actually healthier ways that can work just as effectively有确实更健康并且同样有效的方式。 There remains a lot of work to be done.仍有许多工 作要做。 (2)以地点副词here,there以及时间副词 now,then开头的句子，谓语动词多为be,go, come等，常使用倒装结构。 Here come the rest of the students其余的学生终于来了。 There goes the announcement for the passengers to board 正在通知乘客上车。 Then came the order to start off接着，出发的命令到了。 Now comes the chance.机会来了。 (3)such在句中作表语或定语位于句首时， 要倒装。 Such were his words 这就是他说的话。 (4)以表示运动方位的副词(如out,in,up down,off,away等)开头的句子中也使用倒 装结构。这种结构通常带有感叹语气，谓语 多为不及物动词。 Down fell an apple from the tree 一个苹果从树上掉了下来 Out rushed the children 孩子们冲了出来。 (5)地点状语位于句首，强调地点时，句子要 倒装。 On the top of the hill stands a temple山顶上有个庙。 Under the big tree sat an old man.大树下坐着一位老人。 (6)在“主系表”结构中，为了保持句子的平 衡，避免出现主语偏长而造成头重脚轻的现 象，常将表语部分提前，使用倒装结构。 Gone are the days when he was looked down upon. 他被人看不起的日子一去不复返了。 Present at the meeting are some well-known scientists. 一些知名的科学家出席了会议。 （2022高三下·全国·专题练习）As he has been in a terrible state of mind these days, on no account_____succeed in the coming English speech competition. A．has he B．does he C．will he D．he will 【答案】C 【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：因为这些天他的精神状态一直很糟糕，所以他不会在即将到来的英语演讲比赛中成功。on no account放在句首时，句子用倒装语序，排除D项，又根据in the coming English speech competition可判断句子用将来时，故选C。 （23-24高三上·福建厦门·开学考试）当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪斯·克拉芬正站在那里。 As she turned around, there (stand) Gladys Claffern. 【答案】stood 【详解】考查时态。根据句子分析可知，本句为完全倒装句，此处作谓语动词，主语为Gladys Claffern，根据前文的turned可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填stood。 2.部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态动词，移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面。部分倒装的作用主要是为了强调提前的部分。 类别 例句 (1)so作“也”讲时，引导的句子用 倒装语序，表示前面所说的肯定情况也适用于另一人(或物)。其句型是：So+be(have、助动词或情态动词)十主语。 He is interested in pop songs,and so am I 他对流行歌曲感兴趣，我也如此。 The most famous designers are Chinese,so are the models,and so are the consumers.(全国卷Ⅲ) 最著名的设计师是中国人，同样模特和消费者也是这样。 My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends. 我整个的家庭成员正在听，我所有的朋友也一样。 注意：“so+主语+do”自然语序的结构中，表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文的主语相同，so的意思为“的确”,相当于indeed,certainly。 —The girls study very hard.——这些女孩学习很努力。 —So they do.——她们的确如此。 (2)否定副词never,nor,not,hardly,little,seldom,scarcely,rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances,in no case,by no means,on no condition 等置于句首时。 Never before have I seen such a moving film. =I have never seen such a moving film before 以前我从未看过这么感人的电影。 Not a single mistake did he make. =He didn't make a single mistake.他一个错误也没犯。 At no time did they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them 实际上他们从来没有违反比赛的规则。惩罚他们是不公平 的 。 (3)only修饰状语位于句首时，谓语要部分倒装。 Only then did I realize the importance of mathematics 只有那时，我才意识到数学的重要性。 Only in this way can you solve this problem 只有用这种方式你才能解决问题。 Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships with others 只有当你的心态平和时，你才能与别人保持好的关系。 注意：only修饰主语时，不能倒装。 Only he/Tom knows the street. (4)neither/nor 引导的句子用倒装语序，用于对前面所说的否定内容,表示同样的看法，意为“也不……”。 I cannot drive.Neither can he.我不会开车，他也不会。 He hasn't been to the countryside;neither does he want to go there. 他没有去过乡下，而且他也不想去。 (5)以often,always,now and then, many a time,every other day,once,then等表示频率的时间状语开头的句子，要倒装。 Many a time have they done that experiment 不止一次他们做那个实验。 Now and then does his brother go to the concert 他的哥哥不时地去音乐会。 (6)as,though引导让步状语从句采 用倒装形式的情况。 Tired as I was,I never felt so happy 尽管我累，但我从没有感到如此高兴过。 Try as he might,he didn't pass the exam 他尽管很用功，但没有通过考试。 Much as he likes the bike,he doesn't want to buy it 他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。 (7)虚拟条件句的倒装 当虚拟条件句中省略if时，were, had或should必须移到主语之前。 Had the museum been closed,we would have been upset 如果博物馆已闭馆的话，我们会很伤心的。 Were I in your position,I would ask him about the matter. 我要是处于你的位置，我就要问问他这件事。 (8)几个复合句型的倒装： ①not...until直到……才…… ②no sooner...than/scarcely... when一……就…… ③the more...,the more...越…… 就越 …… Not until he went through real hardship did he realize the love we have for our families is important 直到他经历了真正的困难，他才意识到我们对家人的爱 的重要性。 No sooner had the bell rung than the teacher came in 铃一响，老师就进来了。 The harder you work,the greater progress you'll make 你工作越努力，取得的进步就越大。 （23-24高三下·广东中山·阶段练习）In no case ______ against the law of nature or we’ll meet endless suffering. A．we can go B．can we go C．we could go D．could we go 【答案】B 【详解】考查部分倒装和一般现在时。句意：在任何情况下，我们都不能违背自然规律，否则我们将遭受无尽的痛苦。in no case为否定词，位于句首句子应用部分倒装。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故选B。 （2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Not only (他许了诺言), but also he kept it. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】did he make a promise 【详解】考查一般过去时、部分倒装和动词短语。句意：他不仅许下了诺言，而且还遵守了诺言。表示“许下诺言”应用动词短语make a promise，表示“他”应用主格he。根据“but also he kept it”可知，此处应用一般过去时。not only位于句首句子应用部分倒装。故填did he make a promise。 （2023高三·全国·专题练习）When they got home, they made a lot of popcorn and put it in the special bags. (用倒装句开头) when they made a lot of popcorn and put it in the special bags. 【答案】Hardly had they got home 【详解】考查固定句型和倒装句。句意：他们刚到家，就做了很多爆米花，放在特制的袋子里。根据句意和空后的when可知，这里应用hardly...when...句型，表示“刚……就……”，主句使用过去完成时，从句使用一般过去时，且hardly位于句首时，主句应部分倒装，将助动词had提到主语之前。故填Hardly had they got home。 二、省略 1.词的省略 (1)冠词的省略 两个并列连词前面都有冠词，第二 个名词前的冠词常被省略。 Is the baby a boy or(a)girl?这个婴儿是男孩还是女孩? (2)介词的省略 I stayed in London(for)five years.我在伦敦呆了5年。 (3)连词的省略 She is not only kind,but she is(also)honest,她不但和蔼，而且诚实。 2.句子成分的省略 (1)省略主语 Take care!当心!(省略了主语you) (2)省略谓语 Who next?该谁了?(省略了谓语comes) The river was deep and the ice thin.这条河很深，冰很薄。(ice后面省略了 was) We'll do the best we can.我们将尽力而为。(can后面省略了动词do) (3)省略表语 —Are you ready?你准备好了吗? —Yes,I am.我准备好了。(am后面省略了ready) He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth.他还是像年轻时那样，是 一位运动爱好者。(had been后面省略了a lover of sports) (4)省略宾语 Let's do the dishes.I'll wash and you'll dry.让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。 (wash和dry后面省略了宾语the dishes) (5)省略定语 He spent part of the money,and the rest he saved. 那钱他花了一部分，其余的他存了起来。(the rest后面省略了定语of the money) (6)省略状语 He was not hurt.Strange!他没有受伤。真奇怪!(Strange!是How strange it is!的省略) (7)同时省掉 句子的几个成 分 What exciting news!(=What exciting news it is!)多么令人激动的消息啊! Pity he's failed.(=It is a pity that he's failed.)很遗憾，他失败了。 I like him more than her.(=I like him more than I like her.)我喜欢他更甚于喜欢她。 3.英语中有一些固定的省略结构 形式 例句 (1)在以if,when,though,as if(好像)等连词 引导的从句中。 The climate here is quite pleasant,the temperature rarely,if ever,reaching 30 ℃ in summer.这里的气候宜人，如果曾经有的话，在夏季气温极少达到30摄氏度。 If(it is)necessary,we shall send a telegram home.如有必要，我们就往家里发电报 Whenever(it is)possible he will come to my help 他一有可能就来帮助我。 While(you are)cycling don't forget the traffic lights. 骑车时，不要忘记看红绿灯。 (2)由固定词组引导的疑问句。 What about having a game of chess?下盘棋怎么样? How come they left you alone here?他们怎么会把你一人留在这里呢? What if it's raining?如果天下雨怎么办? Why not try again?为什么不再试试呢? (3)在口语中，为了避免重复，不定式可以省去和句子前部分重复的动词原形而只留下不定式符号to。 He may leave if he wishes to他可以走，如果他愿意的话。 Don't go till I tell you to等我叫你走你再走。 省略的现象较多，有很强的习惯性，不是所有的省略都可以补全的，需要理解和把握。如：He is taller than I am.他比 我高。 No parking!禁止停车! 1．（23-24高三上·天津·期末）Many left-behind children, when ______ formal education, will probably show their talent in many aspects. A．receive B．received C．to receive D．receiving 【答案】D 【详解】考查省略句。句意：许多留守儿童在接受正规教育后，可能会在许多方面展现出他们的才能。在when引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，逻辑主语children和动词receive是主动关系，因此使用现在分词做状语。故选D。 2．（2023·天津·二模）Though________in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life. A．being raised B．raising C．raised D．having raised 【答案】C 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：戴夫·米切尔虽然在旧金山长大，但他一直喜欢记录小镇生活的平凡事实。分析句子可知，此处是though引导的状语从句的省略，逻辑主语Dave Mitchell与动词raise之间为被动关系，完整句子为Though he was raised in San Francisco，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，所以此处应用过去分词形式；being raised表示被动和进行，此处与句意不符，其他选项均不表示被动，与句意不符。故选C项。 3．（2022·四川内江·一模）When ________ to feel unworthy, children often work extra hard to please their parents. A．to make B．making C．made D．having made 【答案】C 【详解】考查状语从句的省略和过去分词。句意：当孩子们感到不值得时，他们往往会格外努力以取悦父母。在when引导的时间状语从句中，从句主语和主句相同，所以可省略从句中的主语和系动词。动词make意为“使，让”，和主语构成被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词形式。故选C。 4．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Anyone will be fired if ________ in the test. A．catching cheating B．caught cheating C．to catch cheating D．caught cheated 【答案】B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：任何被当场发现考试作弊的都将被开除。此句考查的动词catch“抓住”的结构为：catch sb. doing“当场发现某人做某事”，故cheat“作弊”使用动名词形式作宾语；而if 引导的条件状语从句完整句子应是：if one is caught cheating“如果当场发现作弊”，因主语和主句主语一致，可同时省略主语和be动词。故选B项。 5．（2023·河南郑州·模拟预测）The government quickly realized that, ________, the pollution will only get worse. A．unless properly dealt with B．if not properly dealing with C．if dealt not properly with D．unless dealt with it properly 【答案】A 【详解】考查条件状语从句的省略。句意：政府迅速地意识到，污染将会变严重除非处理得当。结合句意，本句应用unless“除非”引导条件状语，在条件状语从句中，若从句的主语与主句的主语相同，从句的主语和be动词可以省略，其完整形式为unless the pollution is properly dealt with，此处省略了从句中的the pollution和be动词is。故选A项。 三、强调句 (一)强调句的基本句式 句式 例句 1.肯定式：It is/was+被强调部分that/who +句子剩余部分 Bach died in 1750,but it was not until the early 19th century that his musical gift was fully recognized. 巴赫于1750年去世，但是直到19世纪早期他的音乐天赋才被完全承认。 It is you who are to clean the classroom是你打扫教室。 It was in the street that I met him yesterday. 我昨天是在街上遇到了他。 It was yesterday that he was absent.他缺课是在昨天。 It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days. 这些天有可能是太好的生活把我们杀死。 2.一般疑问句：直接将was/is提到it前 Was it yesterday that he was absent?是昨天他缺课吗? Was it in the street that you met him yesterday? 昨天你是在街上遇到的他吗? 3.特殊疑问句：将强调部分转化成相应疑问代词或副词置于句首，后跟一般疑 问语序 When was it that he was absent?他是什么时候缺课的? Where was it that you met him yesterday? 昨天你是在哪儿遇到的他? Who was it that broke the window?是谁打破的窗户? What was it that he bought?他买的是什么? 4.对谓语动词的强调：在谓语前加 do/does/did,注意时态和人称的一致；never和always也可用于祈使句的强调。 Do come this evening今晚一定要来。 He did come yesterday他昨天确实来了。 Mary does study hard玛丽学习确实努力。 Always come on time for work上班一定要准时。 Never sleep during class上课绝不要睡觉。 1．（23-24高三下·广东中山·阶段练习）It was not until he came back home ______ he knew what had happened. A．that B．which C．when D．while 【答案】A 【详解】考查it强调句。句意：直到他回到家，他才知道发生了什么事。it was not until...that意为“直到……才”，为固定句式，此处为it强调句句式，强调的是时间状语“not until he came back home”。故选A。 2．（23-24高二上·上海浦东新·期末）It was not until the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression ended that ________ to his hometown. A．did he return B．didn’t he returned C．he returned D．he didn’t return 【答案】C 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到抗日战争结束，他才回到家乡。A项是一般疑问句；B项是否定疑问句；C项是陈述语序；D项是否定句；分析句子可知，本句运用了强调句It is/was+被强调部分+that。所以为强调前为He didn’t return to his hometown until the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression ended，强调时间状语从句时，所以句子剩余部分是he returned to his hometown，C项符合句意。故选C项。 3．（23-24高三上·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·阶段练习）It was playing computer games ______took the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons. A．that B．what C．which D．it 【答案】A 【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是玩电脑游戏占用了这个男孩很多本该花在功课上的时间。根据句意和It was可知，句子是强调句，结构是“It is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，被强调的是“playing computer games”，因此空格处用that。故选A。 4．（22-23高三上·河南郑州·阶段练习）I’m wondering _______ it is _______ has made Vivian _______ she is today. A．what; what; that B．what; that; what C．what; that; that D．that; that; what 【答案】B 【详解】考查宾语从句和强调句。句意：我在想是什么让薇薇安变成了今天的样子。分析句子结构可知，第一空，wondering后接的是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，用连接代词what引导，what也是被强调的内容；第二空，本句使用了强调句，其基本句式是：it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他成分，what是被强调的内容，应用that；第三空，空处引导宾语从句，she is后缺少表语，用what作表语。故选B。 (二)强调句式的几种复杂结构 (1)被强调的部分为状语从句 It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious. 在阿西莫夫11岁的时候，他的写作才华开始变得明显。 It was after he woke me up that we drove away.我们开车离开是在他叫醒我之后。 (2)被强调的部分含有定语从句 It was at a bank that lies on the main street that she was robbed of 800.000 yuan. 就在位于主街上的一家银行，她被抢走了80万元。 It was in a remote village where we lived together that I never forgot the days. 我永远不能忘怀在那个我们一起生活过的偏远村庄度过的日子。 (3)not...until结构用于强调句式中 not...until结构作为被强调的部分，其强调句结构为：It is/was not until...that... It was not until the 1920s that pompoms began to play an important part in cheer leading. 直到20世纪20年代，彩线球才在拉拉队队员的表演中发挥重要作用。 (三)强调句型与其他相似句型的区别 1.强调句型与It is/was+时间+when...句型 在“It is/was十时间+when...句型”中it指时间，when引导的是时间状语从句。 注意两种句型中“时间”表达方式的不同。 试比较：①It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday.昨天午夜我回到了家里。 ②It was midnight when I got back home yesterday昨天当我回到家里时，已经是午夜了。句 ①是强调句型，被强调的是时间状语at midnight;而句 ②是一般句型，时间以名词的方式表达，用来作表语。 2.强调句型与It is/has been +时间段十since...句型 It is/has been...since...表示“自从……以来已有……(时间)”。两个句型中的时态一般不同。 试比较： ①It was two years ago that I began to learn English.我是在两年前开始学英语的。 ②It is/has been two years since I began to learn English.我学英语两年了。 句①为强调句型，it后的be动词常用一般现在时和一般过去时； 而句②表示“从过去到现在已有多长时间”,it后的be动词用一般现在时或现在完成时。 3.强调句型与It was/will be+时间段+be-fore...句型 It was/will be十时间段+before...句型可有以下几个句式： It wasn't/won't be long before...不久以后就会……了/用不了多久就会…·… It was two years/days before...过了两年/两天才…… It was not two years/days before...不到两年/两天就…… It will be two years/days before...还得两年/两天才…… It will not be two years/days before...用不了两年/两天就会…试比较： ①It was two years before he came back from abroad. ②It was two years later that he came back from abroad 句①为一般句型，句②为强调句型。同样表示“他两年以后回的国”。注意强调句型中时间状语的表达方式。 四、反意疑问句 形式 例句 1.陈述句的反意疑问句：谓语的助动词(加not)+主语 He works hard,doesn't he?他工作努力，不是吗? He doesn't come late for work,does he? 他工作不迟到，是吗? Tom dislikes playing tennis,doesn't he? 汤姆讨厌打网球，不是吗? He can dance,can't he?他会跳舞，不是吗? 2.陈述部分含有否定词的反意疑问句：用肯定形式，否定词：seldom,hardly,scarcely, never,few,little,nothing,nobody等 He could hardly walk without a stick,could he? 没有拐杖他几乎不能走路，是吗? He has few books to read,does /has he? 他没有书读，是吗? He has never seen the film,has he? 他从来没看过这部电影是吗? There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent,is there?你没怀疑他天真，是吗? 3,祈使句的反音疑问句： (1)否定祈使句+will you? (2)肯定祈使句十will/won't you? (3)Let's...,+shall we? (4)Let us...,+will/won't you? (5)Let+第三人称 … …+will you? Open the window,will/won't you? 打开窗子，好吗/不好吗? Let's go out for a walk,shall we? 我们出去散散步，好吗? Don't leave me alone will you? 不要单独留下我，好吗? 4.用于猜测句型的反意疑问句：陈述句是肯定反意疑问句用否定；时态要按照 真实时态进行反问，不再使用情态动词 You must have stayed up last night,didn't you? 昨晚你一定熬夜了，不是吗? He can't work as a teacher,does he? 他不能当老师，是吗? You must/may be hungry now,aren't you? 现在你一定/可能饿了，不是吗? 1．（23-24高三上·内蒙古通辽·阶段练习）What a nice day! Let’s go outing, ________? A．shall we B．will you C．do we D．do you 【答案】A 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：多么美好的一天！我们去郊游吧，好吗？根据Let’s go outing可知，以Let’s do…结构的句型开头，反意疑问句为shall we。故选A项。 2．（23-24高三上·山东·阶段练习）—It is said that your elder sister has taught English in our school for five years, hasn’t she? —________. She has been working in the hospital. A．Yes, she has B．Yes, she hasn’t C．No, she has D．No, she hasn’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意：——据说你姐姐在我们学校教了五年英语，是吗? ——不，没有。她一直在医院工作。 反意疑问句的回答，无论问题的提法如何，如果事实是肯定的，就用yes，事实是否定的，就要用no。根据答语“她一直在医院工作”可知，事实是否定的，应该用no，故排除A、B；选项C结构不正确，故排除。故选D。 3．（2024·山东·一模）Adams never has breakfast, __________ he? A．does B．doesn’t C．has D．hasn’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查反义疑问句，时态和主谓一致。句意：亚当斯从来不吃早餐，是吗？空格处是反义疑问句，遵循前肯后否的原则，never has是否定，空格处用肯定，由has可知，时态是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，因此空格处是does。故选A。 4．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Mrs.Black doesn’t believe her husband is able to design a digital camera, ? A．is he B．isn’t he C．doesn’t she D．does she 【答案】D 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：布莱克夫人不相信她丈夫能设计出数码相机，是吗？主语是第三人称，反意疑问句应与主句保持一致，且用肯定形式。故选D。 5．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）I don’t expect you can finish the work in three days， ? A．don’t I B．do I C．can you D．can’t you 【答案】C 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：我没有想到你会在三天之内完成工作，你能吗？含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，且人称为第一人称时。反意疑问句部分助动词与从句助动词一致，陈述句部分是否定句，疑问句部分应用肯定形式。故选C项。 五、祈使句和感叹句 祈使句 形式 例句 1.否定式与强调式 Don't+do+… Do+do+… Always do+… Never do+… Don't come late.别来晚了。 Do come on time.一定准时到。 Never say that again.千万别那样说了。 2. 强调主语you 和everyone,everybody等作 称呼语的祈使句 Tom,you clean the blackboard. 汤姆，你去擦黑板。 Everyone,come here.大家过来。 3.祈使句+and+陈述句(此时祈使句相当于条件句) 祈使句+or+陈述句(此时祈使句相当于否定条件句) Study hard and you will succeed. 努力学习，你就会成功。 Come early or you will be punished. 早来，否则你会受罚的。 感叹句 1.基础感叹句 (1)What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语! (2)How+形容词+a/an十单数名词+主语+谓语! (3)How+形容词/副词+主语十谓语! What an honest boy he is! 他是一位多么诚实的男孩啊 How honest a boy he is! 他是一位多么诚实的男孩啊! How beautiful the picture looks!这幅画看 起来多么漂亮啊! 2.省略主语和谓语的感叹句 How hot today!今天多么热啊! 3.其他形式的感叹句 How can you be silly!你怎么这么傻! 1．（23-24高三下·重庆·开学考试）—___________ the meat and lettuce into the pan, Emma. —OK, Mom. A．Putting B．Put C．Puts D．To put 【答案】B 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：——把肉和生菜放进锅里，艾玛。——好的，妈妈。根据OK, Mom.可知，空处缺少动词原形构成肯定祈使句。故选B项。 2．（2023·山东·一模）— late for school again, Jack! —Sorry, I promise I won’t. A．Don’t B．Don’t be C．Not be D．Not 【答案】B 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：——别再上学迟到了，杰克！——对不起，我保证不会了。be late for是固定短语，意为“迟到”，句子是祈使句，表示“不要再迟到了”，因此用祈使句的否定句Don’t be late for school again。故选B。 3．（23-24高三上·山东·阶段练习）—Sorry for being late again. —________ here on time next time, or you’ll be punished. A．Be B．Being C．To be D．Been 【答案】A 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：——不好意思我又迟到了。——下次准时一点，否则你会挨罚的。本句为祈使句+and/or+一般将来时。所以应选择Be。故选：A。 4．（2023·山东·一模） it was to see the main sights of the world in the World Park! A．How amazing day B．How an amazing day C．What amazing day D．What an amazing day 【答案】D 【详解】考查感叹句型。句意：在世界公园里看到世界的主要景点是多么美妙的一天啊！分析句子结构可知，本题考查感叹句型。what引导感叹句型的结构为“What +a/an +adj.+可数名词的单数+主语+谓语”，how引导感叹句型的结构为“How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语动词”。由此可知，D项符合what引导的感叹句型。故选D。 5．（23-24高三上·山东·阶段练习）________ beautiful the scenery in Xinjiang is! A．What a B．How a C．What D．How 【答案】D 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：新疆的景色多美啊!本题考查感叹句，感叹句的结构为：What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语!How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!本题中beautiful是形容词，the scenery是主语，is是谓语，所以本题符合How的结构，故选D。 6．（2024·山东·一模）__________advice the teacher gave us! A．What B．What a C．What an D．How 【答案】A 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：老师给了我们多么好的建议啊！本句考查感叹句，how修饰形容词或副词；what修饰名词，advice是不可数名词，故应用what。故选A项。 真题回顾 一、单项选择 1．（23-24高二上·上海·期末）________ in the future to bridge the gender gap and diversity in the scientific field? A．Do you suggest what we can do B．What do you suggest that we should do C．Do you suggest what can we do D．What do you suggest we do 【答案】D 【详解】考查插入语。句意：你建议我们今后如何弥合科学领域的性别差距和多样性？分析句子可知，本句原本应为what should we do， do you suggest为插入语，应放在特殊疑问词后，do you suggest后应用陈述语序，且suggest后应用虚拟语气，should可以省略，所以可构成What do you suggest we do。故选D项。 2．（23-24高三上·内蒙古通辽·阶段练习）—I can hardly walk any further. —________. Let’s stop here to have a rest. A．Neither can I B．Neither do I C．So can I D．So do I 【答案】A 【详解】考查倒装句。句意：——我几乎走不动了。——我也不能。让我们在这里停下来休息一下。由上文I can hardly walk any further以及句意可知，这里表示“我也不能”，所以应用Neither can I。故选A项。 3．（23-24高三上·山东·阶段练习）—Tom never has breakfast at school. —________. A．So doesn’t Mary B．So has Mary C．Neither has Mary D．Nor does Mary 【答案】D 【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：——Tom从不在学校吃早饭。在一个否定的陈述句后，换用另一主语，说明情况也一样，用倒装“neither或者nor+助动词（情态动词，系动词）+另一主语”。此处has是实意动词，表示句子使用的一般现在时，主语Mary是第三人称单数，要用助动词does。故选D。 4．（23-24高二上·广东广州·阶段练习）There are some seemingly insignificant matters that, when ________ in time, can become bigger ones later on. A．aren’t dealt with B．not dealt with C．not having dealt with D．not being dealt with 【答案】B 【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意：有些看似微不足道的事情，如果不及时处理，以后可能会变得更大。此处是when引导时间状语从句省略句，从句主语some seemingly insignificant matters和从句谓语动词短语deal with是被动关系，谓语动词短语deal with用be done形式，状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致（或者从句主语为it）且从句谓语中包含be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词，用过去分词短语dealt with，否定词not放在过去分词结构前面。故选B。 5．（23-24高三上·天津·开学考试）—We haven’t heard from uncle Wang for such a long time. —What do you suppose ______ to him? A．to happen B．having happened C．happened D．that happened 【答案】C 【详解】考查谓语动词。——我们好久没有收到王叔叔的信了。——你认为他发生了什么事？分析句子结构可知，do you suppose为插入语，所以该句中what作主语，句中缺少谓语动词，根据上文中“很久没收到王叔叔的信了”可知，此处询问的是“在没收到王叔叔信的这段时间他发生了生么事”，所以应使用一般过去时，且happen与句子主语之间为主动关系。故选C项。 6．（22-23高三上·河南郑州·阶段练习）Mrs. Wu, a dorm keeper at the university, delivered a wonderful speech, _______ of great significance to students. A．I think it was B．which I think was C．what I think was D．which I think it was 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：吴先生，一名大学的寝室管理员，上周发表了一篇精彩的，我认为对学生们很有意义的演说。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是speech，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导，选项中I think为插入语，应该位于which之后。故选B。 7．（2022高三下·全国·专题练习）________ we saw the TV programme did we know he was an astronaut. A．Not until B．Unless C．Before D．When 【答案】A 【详解】考查时间状语从句和部分倒装。句意：直到看了电视节目我们才知道他是个宇航员。A. Not until直到……才；B. Unless除非；C. Before在……之前；D. When当……的时候。由“we saw the TV programme did we know he was an astronaut”可知，句子表示“直到看了电视节目我们才知道他是个宇航员”，因此空格处表示“直到……才”，是not until，引导时间状语从句，位于句首，引起主句部分倒装，故选A。 8．（22-23高三上·广东深圳·阶段练习）So much importance________ I attach to it that I even felt a little nervous before the test. A．do B．did C．have D．was 【答案】B 【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：我是如此重视它，以至于在考试前我甚至感到有点紧张。在“so...that...”的句型中，当so位于句首时，它所在句子要用部分倒装；根据句中“felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故选B。 9．（2023·天津·模拟预测）It was in this old school ________ the government built in 1968 ________ he received good education. A．where; when B．which; that C．that; which D．where; which 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：正是在那座由当地政府1968年建造的学校里，他接受了良好的教育。分析句子可知，________ the government built in 1968为定语从句，先行词this old school在从句中作宾语，第一空用关系代词which/that。第二空构成强调句，用固定句型“it is+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分”，被强调部分非人，应用that。故选B项。 10．（2023·河南郑州·模拟预测）________ the destruction of the old temple that we have to take measures to deal with it. A．So is the severity of B．However severe is C．As severe is D．Such is the severity of 【答案】D 【详解】考查部分倒装结构。句意：这座古庙的破坏如此严重，我们不得不采取措施应对。根据句意以及句中that可知，本句使用so...that...或such...that...结构，表示“如此……以致于……”，so是副词，后接形容词或副词，故排除A；such后接名词，且such置于句首时，句子应用部分倒装结构，将be动词is提到主语the severity之前。故选D项。 11．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）________ is the most influential film? A．Do you think which of these B．Which of these do you think C．Which of these do you know D．You know which of these 【答案】B 【详解】考查特殊疑问句和插入语。句意：你认为这些电影中哪一部最具影响力？do you think作插入语，特殊疑问词which应放句首。故选B。 12．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）—Why can’t I smoke? —At no time ______ in the meeting-room. A．does smoking permit B．is smoking permitted C．smoking is permitted D．permits smoking 【答案】B 【详解】考查倒装。句意：——为什么我不能抽烟？——会议室里什么时候都不允许吸烟。分析句子，句中at no time意为“从不，绝不”表示否定，当其置于句首时，后面使用倒装语序。同时句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，句中smoking与permit之间是被动关系，故使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。 13．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）—Is that the project you often refer to? —Right，it is three years it has lasted. A．that B．since C．before D．when 【答案】A 【详解】考查强调句型。句意为：——那就是你经常谈到的那项工程吗?——对，那项工程已持续了三年了。强调句的句型是：“It is/was+被强调部分+that（通用）/who（强调主语指人）/whom）强调宾语指人）+其它”，本句强调部分是时间状语“three years” ，应用that。故填that。 14．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）_____he is，_____he can do something that grown­ups do. A．A boy as;but B．A boy though;yet C．Boy as;yet D．Boy as;but 【答案】C 【详解】考查倒装句式。句意：虽然他是个孩子，但他能做一些成年人能做的事。分析句式结构可知，在as引导的让步状语从句中应该用部分倒装，即将表语置于句首，单数可数名词前不加冠词，且主句前不应再有连词but。故选C项。 15．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. A．So anxious were the couple B．So curious were the couple C．Such eager the couple were D．The couple were such curious 【答案】B 【详解】考查倒装句及形容词词义辨析。句意：那对夫妇对野生植物那么好奇以致于他们决定去Madagascar作进一步的研究。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用“so +形容词（副词）”放在句首引导结果状语从句，此时句子要用倒装形式。anxious焦虑的；curious好奇的。根据句意可知，curious符合题意。故选B项。 16．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）There_____ two expert doctors _____the wounded solider. A．is said to be; attending to B．are said to be; attending on C．saying; to attend to D．to say to have; to attend on 【答案】B 【详解】考查There be句型及非谓语动词。句意：据说有两名专家医生在照料那个受伤的士兵。第一空是there be句型的变化there is/are said to be“据说有”，空后是two expert doctors，应用are；第二空修饰空前名词词组two expert doctors，attend on与two expert doctors是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故选B。 17．（22-23高三下·天津·阶段练习）________ sure that all the windows are shut, mainly because it is reported that a heavy rain is on the way. A．Making B．To make C．Having made D．Make 【答案】D 【详解】考查祈使句。句意：确保所有的窗户都关上，主要是因为据报道大雨即将来临。分析句子结构，这是一个祈使句，根据祈使句的用法，祈使句以动词原形开头，故选D项。 18．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）Every one of you,  ______ the basketball field used to be, quickly please. A．gathers where B．gather where C．will gather at D．gather at 【答案】B 【详解】考查时态和地点状语从句。句意：你们每一个人，快到原先是篮球场的地方集合。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是祈使句，应用动词原形开头，A、C错误；where the basketball filed used to be为地点状语从句，where在从句中做be后面的表语，指地点。故选B。 19．（2023高三·全国·专题练习） it is to jump into the river to have a swim in hot summer! A．What a fun B．How a fun C．What fun D．How fun 【答案】C 【详解】考查感叹句。句意：在炎热的夏天跳进河里游泳是多么有趣啊！分析句子，设空处构成感叹句，其对fun进行感叹，fun为不可数名词，意为“乐趣”，故用what。故选C。 20．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）______ to have a picnic here! A．What great delight B．How great delight C．What a great delight D．How a great delight 【答案】C 【详解】考查感叹句以及名词的数。句意：在这里野餐真是太高兴了！分析句子可知，本句是感叹句， 感叹名词delight，表示“令人愉快的事情” 的意思时，delight是可数名词，可以使用what开头的感叹句what + a(n)+adj.+可数名词。使用how开头的感叹句应该是how+ adj.+ a(n)+可数名词单数+it is，所以D项错误。故选C项。 二、语法填空 （2024·山东聊城·三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kunqu, also known as Kunju, is one of the oldest 21 (exist) forms of Chinese opera. It developed 22 (original) from the local music of Kunshan, part of the Wu cultural area, and later came 23 (show) its importance in Chinese theater from the 16th to the 18th centuries. Due to the extensive performance activities, Kunqu, ranking among the most influential operas now, 24 (introduce) to Beijing in the last years of Wanli. During the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Kunqu spread to Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangdong, 25 developed into a national drama. Having entered various places, Kunqu eventually formed a rich and colorful opera system in 26 (combine) with local dialects and folk music. 27 further development, the opera became more well-known and 28 representative art form of the whole nation. In the Qing Dynasty, Kangxi loved Kunqu, 29 (lead) to its increasing popularity, but it was during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty 30 Kunqu entered its heyday (全盛时期) and began to influence the “pear garden” greatly. 【答案】 21．existing 22．originally 23．to show 24．was introduced 25．and 26．combination 27．With 28．a 29．leading 30．that 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文，主要介绍了中国古老的戏曲形式之一——昆曲的发展历程及其艺术地位。 21．考查形容词。句意：昆曲，也被称为昆剧，是中国现存最古老的歌剧形式之一。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用形容词，因空白处描述名词或代词所处于的某种状态或特性，使用v-ing形式的形容词，故填existing。 22．考查副词。句意：它最初是从吴文化区的昆山地方音乐发展而来的，后来在16世纪到18世纪开始在中国戏剧中显示出其重要性。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用副词，故填originally。 23．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，come to do为固定短语，含义为“开始……”，符合句意，故填to show。 24．考查被动语态。句意：由于广泛的表演活动，昆曲在万历末年传入北京，是目前影响最大的戏曲之一。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，因与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was introduced。 25．考查连词。句意：明末清初，昆曲传播到四川、贵州、广东，并发展成为一种民族戏剧。根据上文“spread to Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangdong(传播到四川、贵州、广东)”以及下文“developed into a national drama(发展成为一种民族戏剧)”可知上下文之间为并列关系，空白处应填表示并列关系的连词，故填and。 26．考查名词。句意：昆曲进入各地，结合当地方言和民间音乐，最终形成了丰富多彩的戏曲体系。分析句子结构，根据空白处前面的介词可知空白处填名词，故填combination。 27．考查介词。句意：随着时代的发展，戏曲越来越为人们所熟知，成为全国具有代表性的艺术形式。根据空白处下文“further development(进一步发展)”可知，此处在句子中做伴随状语，空白处应填表示“随着”含义的介词作伴随状语，故填With。 28．考查冠词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，因空白处后面有名词，根据冠词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词，表示“一个”含义，因空白处后面词的第一个字母发音为辅音，故填a。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：清代康熙喜爱昆曲，使昆曲日益流行，但到了清代乾隆时期，昆曲才进入鼎盛时期，并开始对“梨园”产生巨大影响。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，因空白处表示的是一个自然而然的结果，使用现在分词，故填leading。 30．考查强调句。句意：同上。分析句子结构，这是一个强调句，根据强调句的相关知识，强调句的结构为：It is/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其他部分，因本句强调的是介词短语，故填that。 三、完形填空 （2024·浙江温州·三模）My mother has always been one of those rare people that sees the good in everyone and does good things. She’s had her ups and downs but has always 31 a positive, sunny outlook on life and been very 32 to people. One day, my little sister fell and hurt her ankle, desperately needing a 33 to the hospital emergency room. My mother immediately 34 into crisis mode, packed my sister into the car, and drove to our local hospital. In such a 35 , my mother didn’t call to tell my father. When she got to the hospital, she realized she needed to 36 with my father immediately. While waiting for my sister to be examined, my mother 37 her way to the pay phone to place her call. She put her coin in, called my father and told him everything. After she hung up, the phone 38 several additional coins that Mom wasn’t owed. Realizing that the phone was 39 , my mother decided to leave the 40 coins by the phone. She told us that in a crisis, people might not remember to bring 41 with them to make that emergency call. I’ve often thought about her 42 from an adult’s perspective. I realize that someone seeing the money by he phone may have 43 taken it because not everyone was as 44 as my mother. But I like to believe that my mother’s faith was 45 and that someone who needed them found the coins waiting there. 31．A．tolerated B．anticipated C．maintained D．expressed 32．A．patient B．helpful C．honest D．polite 33．A．rest B．stay C．lift D．visit 34．A．cut B．shifted C．looked D．stuck 35．A．rush B．way C．relief D．process 36．A．come along B．keep in line C．make up D．get in touch 37．A．made B．felt C．picked D．gave 38．A．found B．returned C．collected D．charged 39．A．smart B．ready C．convenient D．broken 40．A．different B．ancient C．extra D．rare 41．A．luck B．phones C．change D．chances 42．A．opportunity B．decision C．appointment D．encounter 43．A．simply B．suddenly C．obviously D．gradually 44．A．thoughtful B．grateful C．hopeful D．successful 45．A．hard-won B．newly-built C．well-placed D．deeply-rooted 【答案】 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．D 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．C 41．C 42．B 43．A 44．A 45．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的妹妹的受伤以后被送往医院，当妈妈在使用公用电话的时候，选择把零钱留给其他需要帮助的人。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她经历了起起伏伏，但一直保持着积极、阳光的人生观，对别人也很有帮助。A. tolerated忍受；B. anticipated预期；C. maintained维护；D. expressed表达。根据后文“a positive, sunny outlook on life”可知，指保持着积极、阳光的人生观，故选C。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她经历了起起伏伏，但一直保持着积极、阳光的人生观，对别人也很有帮助。A. patient有耐心的；B. helpful帮助的；C. honest诚实的；D. polite礼貌的。根据上文“a positive, sunny outlook on life and been very”以及后文妈妈把零钱留给有需要的人，可知，此处指积极的人生观对别人有帮助。故选B。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，我的小妹妹摔倒了，伤了脚踝，急需去医院急诊室就诊。A. rest休息；B. stay停留；C. lift免费搭车；D. visit就诊。根据后文“to the hospital emergency room”可知，指妹妹弄伤了脚踝，急需去医院急诊室看看。a visit to the hospital emergency room此处理解为“去医院急诊室就诊”。故选D。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲立即进入危机模式，把我妹妹塞进车里，开车去了我们当地的医院。A. cut切割；B. shifted转换，变换；C. looked看；D. stuck粘贴。根据后文“into crisis mode”指作者的母亲立即转换（shifted）到了危机模式，故选B。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的匆忙中，我母亲没有打电话告诉我父亲。A. rush冲，匆忙；B. way方法；C. relief安慰；D. process流程。根据上文“One day, my little sister fell and hurt her ankle, desperately needing a…to the hospital emergency room.”可知，妹妹受伤事发突然，所以是在这样的匆忙中，我母亲没有打电话告诉我父亲。故选A。 36．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她到达医院时，她意识到她需要立即与我父亲取得联系。A. come along取得进展；B. keep in line保持纪律；C. make up组成；D. get in touch取得联系。根据后文“with my father immediately”可知，指母亲需要立即与父亲取得联系。get in touch with sb.“和……取得联系”符合语境。故选D。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等我妹妹检查的时候，我妈妈走到公用电话前打了个电话。A. made赶往；B. felt感觉；C. picked捡起；D. gave给予。根据后文“her way to the pay phone to place her call”可知，指妈妈走到公用电话前打了个电话。短语make one’s way to表示“赶往”。故选A。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她挂断电话后，电话又退回了几枚没有用完的硬币。A. found找到；B. returned返回，退回；C. collected收集；D. charged充电。根据后文“several additional coins that Mom wasn’t owed”可知，指电话又退回了几枚没有用完的硬币。故选B。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到电话中断了，我妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边。A. smart聪明的；B. ready准备好的；C. convenient方便的；D. broken破碎的，中断的。根据上文“After she hung up”可知，指电话中断了，故选D。 40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：意识到电话中断了，我妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边。A. different不同的；B. ancient古老的；C. extra额外的；D. rare少见的。呼应上文“several additional coins”可知，此处指多余的硬币。故选C。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我们，在危机中，人们可能不记得随身携带零钱来拨打紧急电话。A. luck运气；B. phones电话；C. change零钱；D. chances机会。根据上文“several additional coins”可知，此处指随身携带零钱拨打紧急电话。故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常从一个成年人的角度来思考她的决定。A. opportunity机会；B. decision决定；C. appointment约会；D. encounter遇见。此处指上文“my mother decided to leave the”妈妈决定把多余的硬币留在电话旁边这个决定，故选B。 43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，因为不是每个人都像我母亲那样体贴。A. simply仅仅；B. suddenly突然；C. obviously显然；D. gradually逐渐地。根据后文“because not everyone was as ___14___ as my mother.”可知，不是每个人都像作者的母亲那样体贴，即有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，simply符合语境。故选A。 44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到有人看到电话里的钱可能只是拿走了，因为不是每个人都像我母亲那样体贴。A. thoughtful体贴的；B. grateful感激的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. successful成功的。结合上文可知妈妈把多余的零钱留给有需要的人，说明妈妈很体贴，故选A。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我愿意相信，我母亲的信仰是正确的，需要它们的人在那里发现了硬币。A. hard-won来之不易的；B. newly-built新建的；C. well-placed置于适当地点的；D. deeply-rooted根深蒂固的。根据后文“that someone who needed them found the coins waiting there”可知，妈妈的信仰是正确的，即我母亲的信仰是置于适当地点的，她相信有人需要它们时，会发现硬币在那里等着。故选C。 四、阅读理解 （2024·河南安阳·一模）Handwriting is an essential skill for both children and adults. The following reasons demonstrate why it is very important to have good handwriting throughout life. When in childhood, handwriting activates the brain more than keyboarding. 46 Good handwriting contributes to reading fluency because it activates visual perception (感观) of letters. Handwriting is a predictor of success in other subjects, because good handwriting has a positive impact on grades. Cursive writing (草书) helps students, both young and old, with dyslexia (读写困难). 47 Also it can feel very uncomfortable and disjointed writing in print. Cursive writing offers each letter a very different look and allows the pupil to write in a flowing, comfortable way. This can decrease their dyslexic tendencies and make them more confident in their abilities. As children get older, many standardized assessments are based on written work, particularly in time-limited written examinations. 48 Good handwriting remains as a major form of assessment for many formal qualifications. 49 Otherwise, pupils will achieve lower marks, even where the content may be good. Many state-standardized assessments and handwritten essays emphasize the importance of handwriting. People are judged by their handwriting even after getting into adulthood. Good handwriting is essential long after graduation. In our modern world, in all walks of life—making a shopping list, writing a birthday card, taking down a phone message, completing a form at the bank, filling out immigration forms—handwriting is part of our daily lives. 50 A．Good handwriting is essential throughout life. B．Examiners need to distinguish what is written. C．Good handwriting shows the writer’s good personality. D．This is because it involves more complex motion and learning skills. E．Consequently, it is on show to others and may be used to make judgments about us. F．Children can have a very hard time with writing in print because many letters look similar. G．Without fast and clear handwriting, students may get low grades and fall behind. 【答案】46．D 47．F 48．G 49．B 50．E 【导语】本文为议论文。众所周知，一笔漂亮的字，是一张好通行证，即使在今天的网络时代依然非常重要。本文将从多个方面论证其重要性。 46．上句“When in childhood, handwriting activates the brain more than keyboarding.(在儿童时期，书写比键盘更能激活大脑)”为本段主题句，说的是手写比用键盘打字更能激活大脑。D项“这是因为它涉及到更复杂的动作和学习技巧”对其展开，说明原因——手写涉及更复杂的运动和认知技能，因此更能够激活大脑。故选D。 47．本段首句“Cursive writing (草书) helps students, both young and old, with dyslexia (读写困难).(草书可以帮助有阅读障碍的学生，无论老少)”为本段主题句，话题是草书可以帮助有阅读障碍的学生，无论他们年幼还是年长。F项“孩子们很难用印刷体书写，因为很多字母看起来很相似”中的“Children can have a very hard time with writing in print”与上句中的“students…with dyslexia”为同义共振，是对其的展开，说明的是这样的学生阅读障碍的原因是印刷体中一些字母不易辨认，而草书则不存在这样的情况，故此论证主题句——草书帮助有阅读障碍的学生。故选F。 48．本段承接上段，继续讨论书写在测试评估中的作用。根据空前一句“As children get older, many standardized assessments are based on written work, particularly in time-limited written examinations.(随着孩子年龄的增长，许多标准化的评估都是基于书面作业，特别是在有时间限制的笔试中)”可知，随着孩子年龄的增长，许多标准化评估都是书面的，尤其是在限时的书面测试中，好的书写尤其重要，故G 项“没有快速清晰的书写，学生可能会得到低的评分，会落后”符合语境。故选G。 49．根据“Otherwise, pupils will achieve lower marks, even where the content may be good. Many state-standardized assessments and handwritten essays emphasize the importance of handwriting.(否则，即使内容可能很好，学生也会得到较低的分数。许多国家标准化的评估和手写论文都强调了书写的重要性)”可知，本段讨论的是书写在教学评估中的重要性，没有好的书写，即使你的内容很好，测试者识别不了你写的内容，成绩也会大打折扣。B项“测试者需要辨别写的是什么”符合语境，故选B。 50．根据上文“In our modern world, in all walks of life — making a shopping list, writing a birthday card, taking down a phone message, completing a form at the bank, filling out immigration forms — handwriting is part of our daily lives.(我们的现代社会，在各行各业——制作购物清单，写生日贺卡，记下电话留言，在银行填写表格，填写移民表格——书写是我们日常生活的一部分)”可知，书写是我们日常生活的一部分，E项“因此，它是向别人展示的，可能被用来评判我们”是对上句的进一步展开，表明书写可被用于对我们作出评判。故选E。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$