内容正文:
Unit 4 Space Exploration
动词不定式做定语和状语
1.China is the first developing country (send) the man-made spaceship into the space.
2.The house (build) there soon will be a library for the workers.
3.Li Na, the first (achieve) a ranking of world No.2 in Asia, retired from tennis in September.
4.Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility (keep) their neighbors from harm?
5.The problem (refer) to at the meeting tomorrow is about environmental pollution.
6.The new smartphone (release) next month can guarantee excellent sound quality, which will delight those headphone lovers.
7.When you make a decision (buy) something, you must remember that a good name of a product doesn’t necessarily mean good quality of it.
8.Jing Haipeng, who became the first taikonaut (go) into space for a fourth time with this mission, served as the commander and spacecraft pilot.
9.The astronaut on board the spacecraft has a lot of missions (carry)out.
10.This is a famous saying (keep) in mind: “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.”
11.The satellite (launch) next month is made in China.
12.By winning the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman (do) so.
13.The plum trees are the first (flower) even as the snow is melting (融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
14.Scientists have figured out ways (recycle) and reuse these resources.
15.The first homework (hand) in would be from Group 4.
16.It’s a chance (chat) online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors (顾问), and it won’t cost you a penny!
17.Knowing you have a strong desire (learn) Chinese well, I’d like to offer you some suggestions.
18.Tom, who is the ideal person (represent) our class, will make a speech at the conference.
19.Can you find a proper person (finish) this job in time?
20.We don't have enough paper (write) on.
21.Almost everyone seemed to truly appreciate my music and I’m proud that I have the power (spread) kindness to them.
22.As is shown in the chart, about 40% of students choose to listen to music, while 25% of them prefer (do) physical exercise to make themselves relaxed.
23.But learning that we’ll be randomly paired to do the oral practice, I feel an urge (express) my different voice, hoping that this wouldn’t offend you.
24.The team has made very good use of the opportunity (share) Chinese culture with the world.
25.Doing sports is a good way (strong) your body.
26.They were the first men (land) on the moon. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27.Does the way you thought of (clean) the river make any sense?
28.One of the benefits of the Internet was its ability (remove) the distance that usually exists between people.
29.Xu Haifeng is the first Chinese athlete (get) Olympic gold medal.
30.There are still lots of problems (deal) with.
31.I have nothing (say) on this question.
32.The next train (arrive) was from New York.
33.They acquired an opportunity ( know ) the truth ahead of time , so that they could be well prepared.
34.The first (give) us the lecture is a famous historian coming from England.
35.Give everybody you meet a chance (show) you who they are. (所给词的适当形式填空)
36.If you want (solve) the problem in this way, there is no harm in calling him. (所给词的适当形式填空)
37.If so, you may be surprised (learn)that libraries have changed for the better.
38.I think these problems are easy (work)out, so you don’t have to ask the teacher for help.
39.They were disappointed (find) their limited resources were running out.
40.I feel embarrassed and annoyed (make) fun of.
41.He is a bright boy with rich knowledge, since he is always curious (discover) the unknown.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
42.I was astonished (see) him here. (所给词的适当形式填空)
43.Christopher Columbus discovered what he viewed as India on the epic voyage, only (inform) that what he discovered was a new land.
44.The adult was too excited (speak) when he heard the news.
45.Dinosaurs have completely died out on the Earth, never (see) again.
46. (push) her career further, Jia Ling, a well-known film director and actress, offered to her fans another masterpiece, YOLO, short for “You Only Live Once”.
47. (have) a chance to experience this, you can stop by a village pub and relax with a local beer.
48.The man has to do some part-time jobs in his spare time (support) his family.
49.Every minute should be made full use of (study)our lessons well.
50. (become)an astronaut, you must go through a strict selection procedure.
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参考答案:
1.to send
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:中国是第一个将人造宇宙飞船送入太空的发展中国家。空处需要动词不定式作定语修饰“the first developing country”。当名词前面有序数词修饰时,需要用动词不定式作定语。故填to send。
2.to be built
【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意:那里即将建成的房子将成为工人们的图书馆。句中谓语是will be,空格处用非谓语动词,房子是被修建,由soon will be可知,房子是将来被修建,因此空格处用不定式的被动语态to be built,表示将来的被动的动作。故填to be built。
3.to achieve
【详解】考查不定式。句意:李娜是第一位在亚洲达到世界第二排名的选手,她于9月从网球界退役。the first to do sth为固定短语,表示“第一个作……的人”,空处应为不定式作定语,故填to achieve。
4.to keep
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:这个村子里没有人觉得有责任保护邻居免受伤害吗?名词responsibility后面应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to keep。
5.to be referred
【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意:明天会议要提到的问题是关于环境污染的。句中谓语是is,空格处用非谓语动词,problem和refer之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,由tomorrow可知,问题是明天被提到,因此空格处用不定式的被动语态to be referred,表示将来要进行的被动动作,故填to be referred。
6.to be released
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:将于下个月上市的新智能手机将保证出色的音质,这将使耳机爱好者感到高兴。根据后文next month可知表示将要发生的动作用不定式,且与smartphone构成被动关系,故用to be done形式作后置定语。故填to be released。
7.to buy
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当你决定买东西的时候,你必须记住,一个好名字并不一定意味着它的质量好。空处修饰名词decision,需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to buy。
8.to go
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:景海鹏是第一个第四次进入太空的宇航员,他担任指挥官和飞船飞行员。名词taikonaut前有序数词the first修饰,需用动词不定式to go作后置定语。故填to go。
9.to carry
【详解】考查不定式。句意:宇宙飞船上的宇航员有许多任务要执行。分析句子可知,carry out作后置定语修饰missions,表示未完成的动作,用不定式作定语,故填to carry。
10.to keep
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这是一句名言,要记住:“这是一个人的一小步,是人类的一大步。”空处需填动词不定式作后置定语,修饰名词saying。故填to keep。
11.to be launched
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:下个月发射的卫星是中国制造的。分析句子结构可知,已有谓语动词is made in,空处需填非谓语动词作定语,结合“next month”可知,需用动词不定式作后置定语,the satellite和launch为逻辑动宾关系,需用不定式的被动语态。故填to be launched。
12.to do
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:通过赢得奥运会全能冠军,她成为第一位获得这一殊荣的黑人女性。名词woman前面有序数词the first修饰,需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to do。
13.to flower
【详解】考查不定式。句意:雪还在融化,梅树却第一个开花。它们代表着春天的希望和生命的新生。序数词the first后跟不定式to flower作后置定语,故填to flower。
14.to recycle
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:科学家们已经找到了回收和再利用这些资源的方法。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to recycle。
15.to hand
【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意:第一次交作业的应该是第四组。根据句意可知,此处作定语,修饰homework,且homework被形容词the first修饰,故此处应用不定式作其后置定语,故填to hand。
【点睛】
16.to chat
【详解】考查不定式。句意:这是一个很好的机会,可以和招生官、学生以及大学顾问聊天,而且是免费的!此处意为“做某事的机会”,表达为a chace to do,故应用不定式to do作后置定语,故填to chat。
17.to learn
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:知道你有学好汉语的强烈愿望,我想给你一些建议。desire后面常用动词不定式,作后置定语。故填to learn。
18.to represent
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆是代表我们班的理想人选,他将在会上发言。此处person后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to represent。
19.to finish
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:你能找到合适的人及时完成这项工作吗?本句谓语为find,此处为非谓语动词,应用finish“完成”的不定式,作定语,修饰名词person。故填to finish。
20.to write
【详解】考查不定式。句意:我们没有足够的纸张来书写。write为不及物动词,write on是书写的意思,修饰paper,作后置定语,表将要,用不定式,故填to write。
21.to spread
【详解】考查不定式。句意:几乎每个人似乎都真正欣赏我的音乐,我很自豪我有能力向他们传播善意。the power后跟不定式作后置定语,因此空格处用不定式to spread。故填to spread。
22.doing/to do
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:如图所示,约40%的学生选择听音乐,而25%的学生更喜欢进行体育锻炼以使自己放松。while后的句子谓语为prefer,此处为非谓语动词,prefer to do“喜欢做某事”,强调特定的或某此具体的动作,即在一定的场合下宁愿做什么。prefer doing“宁可做某事,更喜欢做某事”强调一般性倾向,即对某种行为的偏爱。本句中两种情况都有可能,填动名词doing或不定式to do,作宾语。故填doing或to do。
23.to express
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:但得知我们将被随机配对进行口语练习,我有一种冲动,想表达我不同的声音,希望这不会冒犯你。分析句子可知,an urge to do sth.意思为:做某事的冲动,空处用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to express。
24.to share
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:团队很好地利用了这次与世界分享中国文化的机会。空处修饰名词opportunity,需用动词不定式to share,作后置定语。故填to share。
25.to strengthen
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:做运动是强身健体的好方法。名词way后常跟动词不定式作后置定语,表示“……的方法,……的方式”,因此空处应用动词strengthen“增强(体质)”的不定式形式。故填to strengthen。
26.to land
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们是第一批登上月球的人。名词由序数词修饰,后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to land。
27.to clean
【详解】考查不定式。句意:你想的清理河流的方法有意义吗?省略关系代词的限制性定语从句you thought of修饰way,way to do sth. (做某事的方法),clean用不定式形式作定语。故填to clean。
28.to remove
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:互联网的好处之一是它能够消除人们之间通常存在的距离。ability to do...意为“做……的能力”,不定式作后置定语。故填to remove。
29.to get
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:徐海峰是第一位获得奥运金牌的中国运动员。Chinese athlete由the first修饰,athlete后用不定式作后置定语。故填to get。
30.to be dealt
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:还有许多问题需要处理。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作后置定语修饰名词problems,使用非谓语动词,因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作,使用动词不定式,因与其逻辑主语problems之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,使用动词不定式的被动式,故填to be dealt。
31.to say
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:关于这个问题,我无话可说。分析句子结构,空白处在句子中作定语,因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的的不确定的动作,使用动词不定式,故填to say。
32.to arrive
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:下一班到达的火车是从纽约来的。名词train被the next修饰,所以应用动词不定式作后置定语。动词arrive意为“到达”。故填to arrive。
33.to know
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们获得了提前了解真相的机会,以便做好充分的准备。名词opportunity 后接不定式作后置定语。故填to know。
34.to give
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:第一个给我们演讲的是一位来自英国的著名历史学家。分析句子可知,此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰The first,The first to do“第一个做……”为惯用表达。故填to give。
35.to show
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:给你遇到的每个人一个机会,让他们向你展示自己。a chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”。根据句意及英文提示可知,此处使用动词show“展示”的不定式形式,作后置定语,修饰chance。故填to show。
36.to solve
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:如果你想用这种方式解决问题,打电话给他也无妨。want to do sth.表示“想要做某事”,所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to solve。
37.to learn
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果是这样,您可能会惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。be surprised to do sth.“做某事感到惊讶”,surprised后接不定式作原因状语,故填to learn。
38.to work
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:我认为这些问题很容易解决,所以你不必向老师寻求帮助。在“be+性质形容词+to do”结构中,通常使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义,作状语,其中常见的形容词有difficult,easy,hard,interesting,pleasant,nice等。problems与work out之间虽然为逻辑上的被动关系,但应使用不定式的主动式。故填to work。
39.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们失望地发现有限的资源快用完了。be disappointed to do是固定短语,意为“对做某事感到失望”,因此空格处用不定式to find作原因状语。故填to find。
40.to be made
【详解】考查不定式的被动。句意:被人取笑让我感到尴尬和恼火。表语形容词embarrassed and annoyed后接动词不定式作原因状语,且主语I与make fun of“取笑”为被动关系,用不定式的被动形式。故填to be made。
41.to discover
【详解】考查不定式。句意:他是一个聪明的孩子,有着丰富的知识,因为他总是对发现未知的东西感到好奇。形容词后不定式作原因状语,故填to discover。
42.to see
【详解】考查不定式作原因状语。句意:在这里见到他我很吃惊。结合句意及空前的I was astonished可知应填不定式的形式to see,作原因状语, be astionished to 意为“对(做)……感到惊讶”。故填to see。
43.to be informed
【详解】考查不定式。句意:克里斯托弗·哥伦布(Christopher Columbus)在史诗般的航行中发现了他所认为的印度,却被告知他发现的是一片新大陆。only后跟动词不定式作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果,he与inform之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,故填to be informed。
44.to speak
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:大人听到这个消息激动得说不出话来。分析句子结构可知,此处应为固定句型“too…to do sth.”意为“太……而不能……”符合句意,所以此处使用不定式形式作结果状语。故填to speak。
45.to be seen
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:恐龙在地球上已经完全灭绝,再也看不到了。分析句子结构,本句的谓语是have died out,所以空处应用非谓语动词。only和nerve后常跟不定式作结果状语,所以应用不定式,且see和逻辑主语Dinosaurs之间是动宾关系,所以应用不定式的被动式。故填to be seen。
46.To push
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了进一步推动她的职业生涯,知名电影导演兼演员贾玲向粉丝们呈现了另一部力作《YOLO》,该缩写代表“你只活一次”。分析句子结构可知,空处需要动词不定式作目的状语。故填To push。
47.To have
【详解】考查不定式。句意: 要想有机会体验一下,可以去一家乡村酒吧,喝一杯当地的啤酒放松一下。空处放在句首,表示“为了体验”,此处应用不定式表目的。故填To have。
48.to support
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个人不得不在业余时间做些兼职来补贴家用。结合句意可知,此处表示目的,应用动词不定式,作目的状语。故填to support。
49.to study
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:每一分钟都应该充分利用来学好我们的课程。分析句子可知,设空处作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填to study。
50.To become
【详解】考查不定式。句意:为了成为宇航员,你必须经过严格的选拔程序。分析句子可知,用不定式作目的状语,故填To become。
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