精品解析：江苏省射阳中学2023-2024学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题

2024年春学期高二年级阶段测试2 英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1 What does the girl like in the history area? A. The friendly people. B. The quiet environment. C. The comfortable chairs. 2. On which day do people go out to thank health workers? A Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday. 3. How is the man preparing to use the tools? A. By learning at work. B. By watching online videos. C. By reading the instructions. 4. What does the woman think of the man? A. He isn’t hard-working. B. He isn’t strong. C. He isn’t polite. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A TV show. B. A sports star. C. A music lesson. 第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What subject did the man earn his degree in? A. German. B. Philosophy. C. Psychology 7. Why does the man wish he had learned Spanish? A. He likes Spanish culture. B. He thinks it would be more useful. C. He wants to work in South America. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8. What will the woman do first? A. Wash her hands. B. Answer the phone. C. Write up an order. 9. What does the man need now? A. Some oil. B. Some vegetables. C. Some eggs. 10. Where will the woman look for the item? A. On the shelf. B. Near the stairs. C. In the box. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11. What sport is the woman good at? A. Bowling. B. Football. C. Badminton. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Cousins. C. Teammates. 13. What will the man do next? A. Call Dave. B. Send an email to Henry. C. Get a ticket to an exhibition. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. In a museum. B. In a library. C. In a studio. 15. Who is the man’s biggest hero? A. Kristal. B. Ansel. C. Ronald. 16. What did the man do in the summer? A. He went to Ansel’s house. B. He went fishing with his friends. C. He went hiking in a mountain alone. 17. What does the man do? A. He’s a designer. B. He’s a photographer. C. He’s a teacher. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18. Which course is the most popular according to the speaker? A. The Study Skills course. B. The Application Help course. C. The Advanced Testing course. 19. How much will it cost to take all three courses? A. $150. B. $200. C. $250. 20. What will people do to sign up for the deal? A. Go to the Chicago office. B. Fill out a form online. C. Call an advisor. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Must-Eat Chicago Sandwiches On a hit list of Chicago’s must-eat dishes, you’ll find various meals on bread. Let’s take a look at four of them. Italian beef sandwich Known around the city simply as a “beef”, this giant sandwich piles thinly sliced roast beef and green peppers on brown French bread, which has roots in the Italian American community in 1938. Dozens of Italian beef joints now exist in Chicago area, including Johnnie’s Beef in Elmwood Park and Plant-Based Italian Beefless Sandwich. The latter is popular among people who favor vegetable products. Italian sub Italian subs exist all over the country with different names. Chicago’s version originates from Vincenzo Graziano’s first sandwich store in 1922, who came to Chicago in 1905 without any money. At J.P. Graziano, now managed by Graziano’s great-grandson Jim Graziano, the Italian sub features hot pork sausage, plus tomato, red wine vinegar, which adds a deeper, richer flavor. Reuben Made with roasted beef, Swiss cheese and salted vegetables, the Reuben was invented in the Blackstone Hotel in Omaha, Nebraska in 1925 and won the National Sandwich Idea Contest in 1956. At Manny’s, you can taste the classic Reuben served with the award-winning roasted beef, which is the restaurant’s signature. Chicago-style hot dog Dating back to 1929, a Chicago Red Hot is made up of nine ingredients (原料). They include an all-beef frank, a steamed bread roll and a salad bar of toppings. As one of the city’s most popular spots for a Chicago dog, the family-owned roadside stand, Superdawg Drive-In, has served hot dogs since 1948. If you order a Chicago dog, the really critical detail is that you can’t see tomato source, which would ruin the perfect balance of the food. 1. Among the four must-eat Chicago sandwiches, which one has the longest history? A. Italian beef sandwich. B. Italian sub. C. Reuben. D. Chicago-style hot dog. 2. In which restaurant can you taste an award-winning sandwich? A. Johnnie’s Beef in Elmwood Park. B. J.P. Graziano. C. Manny’s. D. Superdawg Drive-In. 3. Which section of a magazine is this passage probably taken from? A. Transport. B. Health. C. Travel. D. Science. B When humans are feeling lonely we can call or video chat with friends and family who live far away. But, scientists asked, what about pet parrots? New research suggests that these chatty creatures may also benefit from virtually connecting with their peers. The idea for this study was not random: In the wild, parrots tend to live in large groups. But when kept in as pets, these social birds are often on their own. Feeling bored and lonely, they may develop psychological issues and can even turn to self-harming behaviours like pulling out their feathers. In the study, researchers wanted to see whether 18 pet parrots could learn to make and receive video calls when they needed to help reduce loneliness. In the initial stage, the birds learnt to ring a bell and then touch a photo of another bird on a tablet screen to start a call to that bird. Calls would only work when caregivers were able to assist at both ends. In the second stage, the parrots could choose to call other birds at their own will by ringing the bell then selecting the bird they wanted to call. During a two-month study period, owners said they recorded 147 deliberate calls between birds. “We saw some really encouraging results from the study,” said researchers. The parrots seemed to grasp that they were truly engaging with other birds onscreen and their behaviour often mirrored what we would expect from real-life interactions between these types of birds. “She came alive during the calls,” one pet owner said about her bird, according to a Northeastern University statement. The team has previously designed similar technology such as DogPhone, which allowed pet dogs to shake a ball to communicate with their owner. “The animal Internet is already here—there are hundreds of products on the market that let pet owners interact with their animals remotely over the net, but their design is primarily focused on what humans want, not what their pets need,” Hirskyj-Douglas from the University of Glasgow added. 4. Why did researchers want to teach parrots to make video calls? A. To assess the effects of video calls on animals. B. To train parrots’ communication skills. C. To help get pet parrots out of bad moods. D. To improve the relationships between parrots. 5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The subjects of the experiment. B. The procedures of the experiment. C. Caregivers’ role in the experiment. D. The significance of the experiment. 6. Why is a pet owner’s statement mentioned in the passage? A. To indicate video calls saved his parrot’s life. B. To show pet parrots like video calls very much. C. To show pet owners are satisfied with the study. D. To illustrate the study produced positive results. 7. What is the difference between this study and previous ones? A. It uses the Internet technology. B. It enhances human-animal interaction. C. It satisfies pet owners’ needs. D. It focuses on animals’ needs. C The Blue Planet Ⅱ's latest episode focuses on how the plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastics in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowned in plastics. Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics, plastics are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s, the same decade when plastic packaging began gaining popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science. We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. The ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastics in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent. And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see the ocean plastic as a disaster, worth being mentioned in the same breath as climate change. But the ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers(否认者), at least so far. To do something about it, we don't have to remake our planet energy system. This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products. Things may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag, but when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference. 8. Why is plastic pollution research still a very early science? A. The plastics pollution research is too difficult. B. Plastics have produced less pollution than coal. C. The world couldn't possibly function without plastics. D. Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up with. 9. How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3? A. By citing quotes from leading experts. B. By making a comparison and contrast. C. By presenting solid statistics. D. By listing examples from his own experience. 10. What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph? A. We reap（收获） what we sow. B. The shortest answer is doing. C. All things are difficult before they are easy. D. Actions speak louder than words. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The oceans become choked with plastics. B. The ocean plastic is a global issue. C. The Blue Planet Ⅱ Has left viewers heartbroken. D. Plastics gain popularity all over the world. D Pupils (瞳孔) respond to more than just light. They can indicate one’s interest or mental exhaustion. Pupil dilation (扩大) is even used by the police to detect lies. Now work conducted in our laboratory suggests that the pupil size is closely related to individual differences in intelligence. The larger the pupils are, the higher the intelligence is, as measured by the tests of reasoning, attention and memory. We first uncovered this surprising relationship while studying differences in the amount of mental effort people used to complete memory tasks. We used pupil dilation as an indicator of effort, a technique psychologist Dani Kahneman popularized in the 1960s and 1970s. When we discovered a relationship between the pupil size and intelligence, we weren’t sure if it was real or what it meant. Curiously, we conducted several large-scale studies in which we recruited more than 500 people aged 18 to 55 from the Atlanta community. We measured the participants’ pupils at rest while they stared at a blank computer screen for up to four minutes with an eye tracker. All the while, the eye tracker was recording. Using the tracker, we then calculated each participant’s pupil size. To be clear, the pupil size refers to the diameter (直径) of the black circular aperture in the center of the eye. The pupil is surrounded by the colorful area known as the iris (虹膜), which is responsible for controlling the size of the pupil. Pupils become tighter and smaller in response to bright light, so we kept the laboratory dim (昏暗的) for all participants. In the next part of the experiment, the participants completed a series of tests designed to measure “fluid intelligence”, the capacity to reason through new problems, “working memory capacity”, the ability to remember information over a period of time, and “attention control”, the ability to focus attention amid distractions and interference. We found that a larger pupil size was correlated with greater fluid intelligence, attention control and, to a lesser degree, working memory capacity—indicating a fascinating relationship between the brain and the eyes. Interestingly, the pupil size was negatively correlated with age: older participants tended to have smaller pupils. Once standardized for age, however, the relationship between the pupil size and intelligence remained. 12. Which of the following statements might Daniel Kahneman support? A. Those with big eyes have good memory. B. Pupil dilation can cause mental exhaustion. C. The pupil size is related to one’s intelligence. D. Pupil dilation can reflect one’s mental effort. 13. Why did the researchers conduct the large-scale studies? A. To complete their memory tasks. B. To study the function of the pupil. C. To test whether their discovery is true. D. To find a way to record the pupil size. 14. The laboratory was kept dim so that the participants could________. A. wholly focus on the tests B. better respond to bright light C. control the size of their pupils D. keep their eyes open comfortably 15 What is a suitable title for the text? A. Can you “see” the good from the bad? B. The eyes do communicate various emotions. C. The eyes may be the window to the brain as well. D. Why does the pupil size correlate with intelligence? 第二节 选择填空 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Entering competitions can be fun, and it’s a good way to hone（磨炼）your skills. While you can’t expect to win every time, you can increase your chances of winning with the right strategy and preparation. These are general tips that can be applied to your competition of choice. Research and choose the right competition. ____16____ Choose a competition at which you’ll excel, and make sure it’s far enough in the future that you have plenty of time to train effectively. Do some research into the judges and organizers as well to see what they look for in a winning competitor. Don’t psych yourself out. Plenty of people get scared off by a competition’s requirements and don’t enter in the first place. ____17____ Since you’ve done your research, you can be confident in your choice to compete and your potential to win. So, stand strong even when you have your doubts and when others may be dropping out. Learn your competition. Remember that you’re not competing with everyone in the competition. There may be many applicants and candidates, but there will only be a few contenders（竞争者）and finalists. ____18____ Make a checklist. Everyone has different productivity styles. If it helps, consider making a training checklist. ____19____ A checklist is what weightlifters do, for example, to keep track of the exercises they’ve done, the number of reps, and the weight. With a written checklist, you also have one less thing to think and worry about. ____20____ Leave sticky notes on your mirror or car steering wheel. Write down anything motivational to keep you inspired. It doesn’t have to be specific. It can simply be, “You OWN the track today!” or “35.5 IS my time!” A. Stick to your training. B. Others drop out along the way. C. Give yourself encouraging reminders. D. Focus on understanding and beating them. E. This is the time to set reasonable and achievable goals. F. It provides you a sense of accomplishment along the way. G. It might be important if you don’t have a coach to guide you. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a boy, John Kerr wanted to be a park ranger (护林员). ____21____, he spent four decades at a public broadcasting’s station in Boston. He ____22____ at the age of 65 without any particular post-career goal in mind. After several lazy weeks, he drove to visit his family by Yellowstone. On the way he ____23____ stopped at the Yellowstone Park Foundation, which raised funds for the national park. As it happened, the foundation was ____24____ people to educate park guests on wolves. Kerr ____25____ for an internship (实习). To say that Kerr stood out in the intern crowd is a massive ____26____. Most interns were college and even high school students. But, in a sense, he had been ____27____ for this since his youth. His outdoor adventures with his grandfather had given him a love of ____28____, and he once volunteered at the local fire department on ____29____ calls. From his internship, he ____30____ a ranger sooner, educating park visitors, making for safe ____31____ between guests and animals, and responding to medical emergencies. He ____32____ his job of what he describes as one in the most beautiful places, and moments when he treats a visitor to an ____33____ look at one of the park’s wolves or bears through his telescope, an ____34____ that can move visitors to tears. “These are ____35____ and all-too-rare moments,” recalls Kerr. “I never forget them.” 21. A. Instead B. Anyhow C. Still D. Hence 22. A. retired B. departed C. graduated D. resigned 23. A. at random B. on purpose C. on time D. by chance 24. A. helping B. requiring C. training D. hiring 25 A. signed up B. moved on C. hang out D. broke in 26. A. honour B. understatement C. relief D. overstatement 27. A. delighted B. determined C. contented D. prepared 28. A. travel B. nature C. drive D. freedom 29. A. business B. guidance C. emergency D. conference 30. A. turned to B. went with C. moved up to D. kept up with 31. A. encounters B. places C. trips D. experiences 32. A. judges B. treasures C. admires D. changes 33. A. open B. anxious C. up-close D. all-round 34. A. effort B. occasion C. imagination D. adventure 35. A. rich B. natural C. urgent D. easy 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is believed that Chinese knotting, also known as zhongguojie, originated for recording information and exchanging messages ____36____ writing was invented. Over the past thousands of years, knots ____37____ (play) an important part in the life of Chinese.____38____ (initial), Chinese knots acted as good -luck charms to drive away evil spirits. Today, Chinese knots are widely used to decorate homes during festivities. A major characteristic of Chinese knots is that they are often tied from a single continuous length of string. The knots are commonly named ____39____ the shape it takes. Chinese knots are created in a ____40____ (various) of colors such as gold, green, blue, or black, though the most commonly used color is red,____41____ symbolizes good luck and prosperity. Crafting the Chinese knot is a three-step process ____42____ (involve) tying knots, tightening them and adding the finishing touches. The knots ____43____ (pull) tightly together and are strong enough to be used for binding or wrapping, making them very practical. Today, most of such knots are often mass manufactured in factories. Skilled knot artists weave complex knots that you might see ____44____ (sell) as souvenirs that you can take back with you. If you have time, why not try your hand at it? Perhaps these age-old charms can add _____45_____ touch of good luck to your daily life? 第三节 单句语法填空 （共10题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 46. Smart farming has a real potential to deliver ______ more productive and sustainable form of agricultural production. (用适当词填空) 47. Rights are ______(separable) from duties. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. The railway passes through a region rich ______ tourist attractions. (用适当的词填空) 49. Under his ______ (vision) leadership, the city developed rapidly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. Through hard work and ______(persevere), Tom worked his way up to the top. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. The HRS network makes the national railway function more ______ (efficient) and keeps the national economic lifeblood flowing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. Please turn your music down— it’s very ______(distract). (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. The first automated vehicle was not developed for testing ______ the 1970s by the Tsukuba Mechanical Engineering Laboratory. (用适当的词填空) 54. The media training industry ______ (mushroom) over the past decade. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. Environmental groups want a substantial reduction in the ______ (emit) of greenhouse gases. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 76. 第一节 （满分15分） 56. 假如你是李华，你的学校开展了一场关于高中学生自主学习（autonomous learning）的活动，请你根据以下要点给你的美国朋友Alan写邮件分享此事。 内容包括： 1. 活动的主要内容（教授讲座，学生讨论……）； 2. 自己的收获体会； 3. 询问对方学校如何开展自主学习。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 77. 第二节 （满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The school festival was buzzing with excitement, all because of a new contest called “Innovate Your Way.” This contest was all about making a costume that was as unique and creative as possible, showcasing what one loves the most. Lily Adams was surrounded by classmates with cool ideas. One classmate said excitedly, “I’m going to be the whole solar system, with planets circling around me!” One boasted (吹嘘), “I’ll redefine innovation. I will become a walking smartphone from the future, showing the digital age with interactive apps and games.” Meanwhile, another one came up with the idea to dress up as a live weather forecast. He planned to attach LED screens to his outfit, displaying different weather patterns. This costume would not just show the weather but also change with real-time updates, combining technology and creativity in a way the festival had never seen. Feeling overwhelmed, Lily wasn’t sure what to do. Her friends had such amazing ideas, and she hadn’t even picked a costume yet. She shared her worries with her friend Noah, saying,” I can’t make up my mind. Every idea seems too hard to do or just not exciting enough.” Noah, always wise, had a great suggestion. “Why don’t you make a costume about gardening? You love it, and it’s something unique to you,” he said. Lily was unsure because the contest was just a few days away. “I don’t know if there’s enough time to make something like that from the beginning,” she worried. But Noah encouraged her, “You have a special talent for making something wonderful out of simple things. Use what’s around you.” Inspired by Noah’s words, Lily thought over her collection of plants and flowers. Arriving home, she noticed the pile of old gardening magazines and a forgotten green tarp(防水布)in the garage. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As Lily looked through the magazines, an idea began to take root. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The day of the contest finally arrived. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5：CCBCA 6-10：CBAAB 11-15：CABAA 16-20：CACBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年春学期高二年级阶段测试2 英语试卷 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the girl like in the history area? A. The friendly people. B. The quiet environment. C. The comfortable chairs. 2. On which day do people go out to thank health workers? A Tuesday. B. Wednesday. C. Thursday. 3. How is the man preparing to use the tools? A. By learning at work. B. By watching online videos. C. By reading the instructions. 4. What does the woman think of the man? A. He isn’t hard-working. B. He isn’t strong. C. He isn’t polite. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A TV show. B. A sports star. C. A music lesson. 第二节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What subject did the man earn his degree in? A. German. B. Philosophy. C. Psychology 7. Why does the man wish he had learned Spanish? A. He likes Spanish culture. B. He thinks it would be more useful. C. He wants to work in South America. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。 8. What will the woman do first? A. Wash her hands. B. Answer the phone. C. Write up an order. 9. What does the man need now? A. Some oil. B. Some vegetables. C. Some eggs. 10. Where will the woman look for the item? A. On the shelf. B. Near the stairs. C. In the box. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13三个小题。 11. What sport is the woman good at? A. Bowling. B. Football. C. Badminton. 12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Cousins. C. Teammates. 13. What will the man do next? A. Call Dave. B. Send an email to Henry. C. Get a ticket to an exhibition. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. In a museum. B. In a library. C. In a studio. 15. Who is the man’s biggest hero? A. Kristal. B. Ansel. C. Ronald. 16. What did the man do in the summer? A. He went to Ansel’s house. B. He went fishing with his friends. C. He went hiking in a mountain alone. 17. What does the man do? A. He’s a designer. B. He’s a photographer. C. He’s a teacher. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。 18. Which course is the most popular according to the speaker? A. The Study Skills course. B. The Application Help course. C. The Advanced Testing course. 19. How much will it cost to take all three courses? A. $150. B. $200. C. $250. 20. What will people do to sign up for the deal? A. Go to the Chicago office. B. Fill out a form online. C. Call an advisor. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Four Must-Eat Chicago Sandwiches On a hit list of Chicago’s must-eat dishes, you’ll find various meals on bread. Let’s take a look at four of them. Italian beef sandwich Known around the city simply as a “beef”, this giant sandwich piles thinly sliced roast beef and green peppers on brown French bread, which has roots in the Italian American community in 1938. Dozens of Italian beef joints now exist in Chicago area, including Johnnie’s Beef in Elmwood Park and Plant-Based Italian Beefless Sandwich. The latter is popular among people who favor vegetable products. Italian sub Italian subs exist all over the country with different names. Chicago’s version originates from Vincenzo Graziano’s first sandwich store in 1922, who came to Chicago in 1905 without any money. At J.P. Graziano, now managed by Graziano’s great-grandson Jim Graziano, the Italian sub features hot pork sausage, plus tomato, red wine vinegar, which adds a deeper, richer flavor. Reuben Made with roasted beef, Swiss cheese and salted vegetables, the Reuben was invented in the Blackstone Hotel in Omaha, Nebraska in 1925 and won the National Sandwich Idea Contest in 1956. At Manny’s, you can taste the classic Reuben served with the award-winning roasted beef, which is the restaurant’s signature. Chicago-style hot dog Dating back to 1929, a Chicago Red Hot is made up of nine ingredients (原料). They include an all-beef frank, a steamed bread roll and a salad bar of toppings. As one of the city’s most popular spots for a Chicago dog, the family-owned roadside stand, Superdawg Drive-In, has served hot dogs since 1948. If you order a Chicago dog, the really critical detail is that you can’t see tomato source, which would ruin the perfect balance of the food. 1. Among the four must-eat Chicago sandwiches, which one has the longest history? A. Italian beef sandwich. B. Italian sub. C. Reuben. D. Chicago-style hot dog. 2. In which restaurant can you taste an award-winning sandwich? A. Johnnie’s Beef in Elmwood Park. B. J.P. Graziano. C. Manny’s. D. Superdawg Drive-In. 3. Which section of a magazine is this passage probably taken from? A. Transport. B. Health. C. Travel. D. Science. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了芝加哥的必吃的三明治以及它们的发源年份、配料和代表性门店。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Italian beef sandwich中的“Known around the city simply as a “beef”, this giant sandwich piles thinly sliced roast beef and green peppers on brown French bread, which has roots in the Italian American community in 1938.(这个巨大的三明治在城市里被简单地称为“牛肉”，它把切成薄片的烤牛肉和青椒堆在棕色的法国面包上，起源于1938年的意大利裔美国人社区)”、Italian sub中的“Chicago’s version originates from Vincenzo Graziano’s first sandwich store in 1922, who came to Chicago in 1905 without any money. (芝加哥版的三明治起源于1922年文森佐·格拉齐亚诺的第一家三明治店，1905年，他身无分文地来到芝加哥)”、Reuben中的“Made with roasted beef, Swiss cheese and salted vegetables, the Reuben was invented in the Blackstone Hotel in Omaha, Nebraska in 1925 and won the National Sandwich Idea Contest in 1956. (1925年，内布拉斯加州奥马哈的黑石酒店发明了鲁本三明治，用烤牛肉、瑞士奶酪和咸菜制成，并于1956年赢得了全国三明治创意大赛。)”和Chicago-style hot dog中的“Dating back to 1929, a Chicago Red Hot is made up of nine ingredients(原料). (1929年，芝加哥红热由九种原料组成)”可知，在四种必吃的芝加哥三明治中，Italian sub历史最悠久。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Reuben中的“Made with roasted beef, Swiss cheese and salted vegetables, the Reuben was invented in the Blackstone Hotel in Omaha, Nebraska in 1925 and won the National Sandwich Idea Contest in 1956. At Manny’s, you can taste the classic Reuben served with the award-winning roasted beef, which is the restaurant’s signature. (1925年，内布拉斯加州奥马哈的黑石酒店发明了鲁本三明治，用烤牛肉、瑞士奶酪和咸菜制成，并于1956年赢得了全国三明治创意大赛。在曼尼餐厅，你可以品尝到经典的鲁本和屡获殊荣的烤牛肉，这是餐厅的招牌)”可知，在曼尼餐厅可以品尝到获奖的三明治。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“On a hit list of Chicago’s must-eat dishes, you’ll find various meals on bread. (在芝加哥的必吃菜肴清单上，你会发现各种各样的面包餐)”及全文可知，文章通篇介绍了芝加哥的四种必吃的三明治。由此推知，文章来源应该是杂志的旅游部分。故选C。 B When humans are feeling lonely, we can call or video chat with friends and family who live far away. But, scientists asked, what about pet parrots? New research suggests that these chatty creatures may also benefit from virtually connecting with their peers. The idea for this study was not random: In the wild, parrots tend to live in large groups. But when kept in as pets, these social birds are often on their own. Feeling bored and lonely, they may develop psychological issues and can even turn to self-harming behaviours like pulling out their feathers. In the study, researchers wanted to see whether 18 pet parrots could learn to make and receive video calls when they needed to help reduce loneliness. In the initial stage, the birds learnt to ring a bell and then touch a photo of another bird on a tablet screen to start a call to that bird. Calls would only work when caregivers were able to assist at both ends. In the second stage, the parrots could choose to call other birds at their own will by ringing the bell then selecting the bird they wanted to call. During a two-month study period, owners said they recorded 147 deliberate calls between birds. “We saw some really encouraging results from the study,” said researchers. The parrots seemed to grasp that they were truly engaging with other birds onscreen and their behaviour often mirrored what we would expect from real-life interactions between these types of birds. “She came alive during the calls,” one pet owner said about her bird, according to a Northeastern University statement. The team has previously designed similar technology such as DogPhone, which allowed pet dogs to shake a ball to communicate with their owner. “The animal Internet is already here—there are hundreds of products on the market that let pet owners interact with their animals remotely over the net, but their design is primarily focused on what humans want, not what their pets need,” Hirskyj-Douglas from the University of Glasgow added. 4. Why did researchers want to teach parrots to make video calls? A. To assess the effects of video calls on animals. B. To train parrots’ communication skills. C. To help get pet parrots out of bad moods. D. To improve the relationships between parrots. 5. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. The subjects of the experiment. B. The procedures of the experiment. C. Caregivers’ role in the experiment. D. The significance of the experiment. 6. Why is a pet owner’s statement mentioned in the passage? A. To indicate video calls saved his parrot’s life. B. To show pet parrots like video calls very much. C. To show pet owners are satisfied with the study. D. To illustrate the study produced positive results. 7. What is the difference between this study and previous ones? A. It uses the Internet technology. B. It enhances human-animal interaction. C. It satisfies pet owners’ needs. D. It focuses on animals’ needs. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员使用视频通话帮助宠物鹦鹉摆脱孤独。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When humans are feeling lonely, we can call or video chat with friends and family who live far away. But, scientists asked, what about pet parrots? New research suggests that these chatty creatures may also benefit from virtually connecting with their peers. (当人类感到孤独时，我们可以和远方朋友和家人打电话或视频聊天。但是，科学家们问，宠物鹦鹉呢?新的研究表明，这些健谈的生物也可能从与同伴的虚拟交流中受益。)”和第二段“Feeling bored and lonely, they may develop psychological issues and can even turn to self-harming behaviours like pulling out their feathers. (感到无聊和孤独，他们可能会出现心理问题，甚至会出现自残行为，比如拔羽毛。)”可知，宠物鹦鹉会感到无聊、孤独，研究人员借鉴人们用视频通话来消除孤独的方法，看看鹦鹉会不会收益。所以研究的目的是为了帮助鹦鹉摆脱低落情绪。故选C 。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“In the initial stage, the birds learnt to ring a bell and then touch a photo of another bird on a tablet screen to start a call to that bird. (在最初阶段，这些鸟学会了摇铃，然后触摸平板电脑屏幕上另一只鸟的照片，开始向那只鸟发出叫声。)”和“In the second stage, the parrots could choose to call other birds at their own will by ringing the bell then selecting the bird they wanted to call. (在第二阶段，鹦鹉可以根据自己的意愿选择叫其他鸟，先摇铃，然后选择他们想叫的鸟。)”可知，本段主要介绍了实验的两个阶段，即实验的过程。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““She came alive during the calls,” one pet owner said about her bird, according to a Northeastern University statement. (根据东北大学的一份声明，一位宠物主人对她的鸟说：“她在叫声中活了过来。”)”可推断，作者引用鹦鹉主人的话是为证明研究人员关于研究得到了令人鼓舞的结果的论述。故选D。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““The animal Internet is already here—there are hundreds of products on the market that let pet owners interact with their animals remotely over the net, but their design is primarily focused on what humans want, not what their pets need,” Hirskyj-Douglas from the University of Glasgow added. (格拉斯哥大学的赫斯基-道格拉斯补充说：“动物互联网已经出现了——市场上有数百种产品可以让宠物主人通过网络远程与他们的动物互动，但它们的设计主要关注的是人类想要什么，而不是宠物需要什么。”)”可知，赫斯基-道格拉斯说市场上已有的数百种产品主要关注宠物主人的需求，而不是宠物的需求，所以这次研究和以往的差别是关注了宠物的需求。故选D。 C The Blue Planet Ⅱ's latest episode focuses on how the plastic is having a destructive effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastics in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowned in plastics. Though it seems that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics, plastics are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s, the same decade when plastic packaging began gaining popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science. We put all these plastics into the environment, but we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. The ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastics in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent. And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see the ocean plastic as a disaster, worth being mentioned in the same breath as climate change. But the ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers(否认者), at least so far. To do something about it, we don't have to remake our planet energy system. This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage. Anyone can do it. We know how to deal with it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use single-use plastic products. Things may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag, but when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference. 8. Why is plastic pollution research still a very early science? A. The plastics pollution research is too difficult. B. Plastics have produced less pollution than coal. C. The world couldn't possibly function without plastics. D. Plastics have gained popularity too fast for science to catch up with. 9. How did the author support his opinion in Paragraph 3? A. By citing quotes from leading experts. B. By making a comparison and contrast. C. By presenting solid statistics. D. By listing examples from his own experience. 10. What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph? A. We reap（收获） what we sow. B. The shortest answer is doing. C. All things are difficult before they are easy. D. Actions speak louder than words. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The oceans become choked with plastics. B. The ocean plastic is a global issue. C. The Blue Planet Ⅱ Has left viewers heartbroken. D. Plastics gain popularity all over the world. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了塑料对海洋的污染，并呼吁我们行动起来，从最简单的事情做起保护环境。 8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science.”（这种增长如此之快，以至于科学仍然在追赶变化。例如，塑料污染研究仍然是一门非常早期的科学。）可知，塑料普及得太快了，科学跟不上其发展的步伐，故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Nearly 700 species, including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastics in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.”（包括濒危物种在内的近700个物种已知受到了影响。三分之一的棱皮龟，经常把塑料袋错当成水母，在它们的腹部发现了塑料。现在90%的海鸟都在定期食用塑料。到2050年，这一数字预计将上升到100%。）可知，本段主要使用可靠的数字来表达作者观点，故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Things may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag, but when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference.”（事情可能看起来很平常，比如使用可重复使用的瓶子或袋子，但当大家一起做时，这些选择真的会带来不同。）可知，最简短的回答就是行动，故选B。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第一段中“Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench, have plastics in their stomachs. Indeed, oceans are drowned in plastics.”（研究人员最近还发现，生活在地球最深处马里亚纳海沟的海洋生物的胃里有塑料。事实上，海洋中充斥着塑料。）可知，本文的主旨为海洋被塑料堵塞，故选A。 D Pupils (瞳孔) respond to more than just light. They can indicate one’s interest or mental exhaustion. Pupil dilation (扩大) is even used by the police to detect lies. Now work conducted in our laboratory suggests that the pupil size is closely related to individual differences in intelligence. The larger the pupils are, the higher the intelligence is, as measured by the tests of reasoning, attention and memory. We first uncovered this surprising relationship while studying differences in the amount of mental effort people used to complete memory tasks. We used pupil dilation as an indicator of effort, a technique psychologist Dani Kahneman popularized in the 1960s and 1970s. When we discovered a relationship between the pupil size and intelligence, we weren’t sure if it was real or what it meant. Curiously, we conducted several large-scale studies in which we recruited more than 500 people aged 18 to 55 from the Atlanta community. We measured the participants’ pupils at rest while they stared at a blank computer screen for up to four minutes with an eye tracker. All the while, the eye tracker was recording. Using the tracker, we then calculated each participant’s pupil size. To be clear, the pupil size refers to the diameter (直径) of the black circular aperture in the center of the eye. The pupil is surrounded by the colorful area known as the iris (虹膜), which is responsible for controlling the size of the pupil. Pupils become tighter and smaller in response to bright light, so we kept the laboratory dim (昏暗的) for all participants. In the next part of the experiment, the participants completed a series of tests designed to measure “fluid intelligence”, the capacity to reason through new problems, “working memory capacity”, the ability to remember information over a period of time, and “attention control”, the ability to focus attention amid distractions and interference. We found that a larger pupil size was correlated with greater fluid intelligence, attention control and, to a lesser degree, working memory capacity—indicating a fascinating relationship between the brain and the eyes. Interestingly, the pupil size was negatively correlated with age: older participants tended to have smaller pupils. Once standardized for age, however, the relationship between the pupil size and intelligence remained. 12. Which of the following statements might Daniel Kahneman support? A. Those with big eyes have good memory. B. Pupil dilation can cause mental exhaustion. C. The pupil size is related to one’s intelligence. D. Pupil dilation can reflect one’s mental effort. 13. Why did the researchers conduct the large-scale studies? A. To complete their memory tasks. B. To study the function of the pupil. C. To test whether their discovery is true. D. To find a way to record the pupil size. 14. The laboratory was kept dim so that the participants could________. A. wholly focus on the tests B. better respond to bright light C. control the size of their pupils D. keep their eyes open comfortably 15. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Can you “see” the good from the bad? B. The eyes do communicate various emotions. C. The eyes may be the window to the brain as well. D. Why does the pupil size correlate with intelligence? 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瞳孔大小与个体智力差异密切相关。从推理、注意力和记忆力测试的结果来看，瞳孔越大，智力越高。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。第六段提到“We found that a larger pupil size was correlated with greater fluid intelligence, attention control and, to a lesser degree, working memory capacity—indicating a fascinating relationship between the brain and the eyes. ”（我们发现，瞳孔越大，流体智力越强，注意力控制能力越强，工作记忆能力也越强（在较小程度上）——这表明大脑和眼睛之间存在着一种奇妙的关系。）由此判断，Daniel Kahneman 可能会支持“Pupil dilation can reflect one’s mental effort.”（瞳孔扩张可以反映一个人的脑力劳动。）这一说法。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。第二段最后一句提到“When we discovered a relationship between the pupil size and intelligence, we weren’t sure if it was real or what it meant.”（当我们发现瞳孔大小和智力之间的关系时，我们不确定这是真的还是意味着什么。）和第三段提到“Curiously, we conducted several large-scale studies in which we recruited more than 500 people aged 18 to 55 from the Atlanta community. ”（出于好奇，我们进行了几次大规模的研究，我们从亚特兰大社区招募了500多名年龄在18到55岁之间的人。）由此判断，进行大规模实验研究的原因就是为了检测瞳孔大小和智力之间的关系是否成立。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。第四段最后一句提到“Pupils become tighter and smaller in response to bright light, so we kept the laboratory dim (昏暗的) for all participants.”（在明亮的光线下，瞳孔会变得更紧、更小，所以我们为所有参与者保持了昏暗的实验室。）如果光线太强烈的话，瞳孔的尺寸就会变得更大，可能会影响研究的结果。因此在昏暗的环境中进行实验时，研究对象的眼睛可以舒服地睁开，同时也不会因为光线影响瞳孔的尺寸。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段提到“Now work conducted in our laboratory suggests that the pupil size is closely related to individual differences in intelligence. The larger the pupils are, the higher the intelligence is, as measured by the tests of reasoning, attention and memory.”（现在，我们实验室的研究表明，瞳孔大小与个体智力差异密切相关。从推理、注意力和记忆力测试的结果来看，瞳孔越大，智力越高。）后文中介绍了针对瞳孔大小和智商之间关系的实验，最后一段提到“We found that a larger pupil size was correlated with greater fluid intelligence, attention control and, to a lesser degree, working memory capacity—indicating a fascinating relationship between the brain and the eyes.”（我们发现，瞳孔越大，流体智力越强，注意力控制能力越强，工作记忆能力也越强(在较小程度上)——这表明大脑和眼睛之间存在着一种奇妙的关系。）由此判断，瞳孔的大小也能反应智商情况。C项“The eyes may be the window to the brain as well.”（眼睛可能也是大脑的窗户）适合做文章标题，故选C。 第二节 选择填空 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Entering competitions can be fun, and it’s a good way to hone（磨炼）your skills. While you can’t expect to win every time, you can increase your chances of winning with the right strategy and preparation. These are general tips that can be applied to your competition of choice. Research and choose the right competition. ____16____ Choose a competition at which you’ll excel, and make sure it’s far enough in the future that you have plenty of time to train effectively. Do some research into the judges and organizers as well to see what they look for in a winning competitor. Don’t psych yourself out. Plenty of people get scared off by a competition’s requirements and don’t enter in the first place. ____17____ Since you’ve done your research, you can be confident in your choice to compete and your potential to win. So, stand strong even when you have your doubts and when others may be dropping out. Learn your competition. Remember that you’re not competing with everyone in the competition. There may be many applicants and candidates, but there will only be a few contenders（竞争者）and finalists. ____18____ Make a checklist. Everyone has different productivity styles. If it helps, consider making a training checklist. ____19____ A checklist is what weightlifters do, for example, to keep track of the exercises they’ve done, the number of reps, and the weight. With a written checklist, you also have one less thing to think and worry about. ____20____ Leave sticky notes on your mirror or car steering wheel. Write down anything motivational to keep you inspired. It doesn’t have to be specific. It can simply be, “You OWN the track today!” or “35.5 IS my time!” A. Stick to your training. B. Others drop out along the way. C. Give yourself encouraging reminders. D. Focus on understanding and beating them. E. This is the time to set reasonable and achievable goals. F. It provides you a sense of accomplishment along the way. G. It might be important if you don’t have a coach to guide you. 【答案】16. E 17. B 18. D 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。对一名体育选手而言，要想在一场激烈的竞技比赛中脱颖而出，充分细致的 准备工作必不可少。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“Research and choose the right competition. (研究并选择合适的比赛。)”和下文的“Choose a competition at which you’ll excel, and make sure it’s far enough in the future that you have plenty of time to train effectively. Do some research into the judges and organizers as well to see what they look for in a winning competitor.(选择一个你擅长的比赛，并确保它在时间上距离你足够远，这样你有足够的时间进行有效的训练。对评委和组织者也做一些调查，看看他们希望在获胜的竞争者身上寻找什么。)”可知，E项(是时候设定合理和可实现的目标了。)承接上文，说明了选择适合自己的比赛的必要性，下文指出了如何去选择适合自己的比赛。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据上文的“Don’t psych yourself out. Plenty of people get scared off by a competition’s requirements and don’t enter in the first place. (别把自己吓坏了。很多人被比赛的要求吓跑了，一开始就没有参加。)”和下文的“Since you’ve done your research, you can be confident in your choice to compete and your potential to win. So, stand strong even when you have your doubts and when others may be dropping out.(既然你已经做了调查，你就可以对自己的竞争选择和获胜的潜力充满信心。所以，即使你有怀疑，即使其他人可能会退出，你也要坚强。)”可知，B项(有些人中途退出。)承接上文，说明了不同的人面对比赛的不同反应，下文解释了经过此前的调查研究你要充满信心去参加比赛，不要放弃。故选B项。 【18题详解】 根据上文的“Learn your competition. Remember that you’re not competing with everyone in the competition. There may be many applicants and candidates, but there will only be a few contendersand finalists.(了解比赛。记住，你并不是在和所有人竞争。可能会有很多申请者和候选人，但只有少数竞争者和决赛选手。)”可知，D项(专注于理解比赛并打败他们。)承接上文，说明了弄清楚比赛规则，努力打败对手。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据上文的“Make a checklist. Everyone has different productivity styles. If it helps, consider making a training checklist.(做一个清单。每个人都有不同的工作方式。如果有帮助，可以考虑做一份培训清单。)”和下文的“A checklist is what weightlifters do, for example, to keep track of the exercises they’ve done, the number of reps, and the weight. With a written checklist, you also have one less thing to think and worry about.(清单是举重运动员所做的，例如，记录他们所做的练习，重复次数和重量。有了书面清单，你也少了一件需要思考和担心的事情。)”可知，G项(如果你没有教练来指导你，这可能很重要。)承接上文，说明了清单的重要性，下文举例子说明了清单能够发挥的具体作用。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据下文的“Leave sticky notes on your mirror or car steering wheel. Write down anything motivational to keep you inspired. It doesn’t have to be specific. It can simply be, “You OWN the track today!” or “35.5 IS my time!”(在你的后视镜或汽车方向盘上留下便利贴。写下任何能激励你的东西。它不必是具体的。它可以简单地说，“你今天拥有这条赛道！或“35.5是我的时间!”)”可知，要为自己提供动力，C项(给自己鼓励性的提醒。)说明了这一点，可以作为本段的话题句。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 As a boy, John Kerr wanted to be a park ranger (护林员). ____21____, he spent four decades at a public broadcasting’s station in Boston. He ____22____ at the age of 65 without any particular post-career goal in mind. After several lazy weeks, he drove to visit his family by Yellowstone. On the way he ____23____ stopped at the Yellowstone Park Foundation, which raised funds for the national park. As it happened, the foundation was ____24____ people to educate park guests on wolves. Kerr ____25____ for an internship (实习). To say that Kerr stood out in the intern crowd is a massive ____26____. Most interns were college and even high school students. But, in a sense, he had been ____27____ for this since his youth. His outdoor adventures with his grandfather had given him a love of ____28____, and he once volunteered at the local fire department on ____29____ calls. From his internship, he ____30____ a ranger sooner, educating park visitors, making for safe ____31____ between guests and animals, and responding to medical emergencies. He ____32____ his job of what he describes as one in the most beautiful places, and moments when he treats a visitor to an ____33____ look at one of the park’s wolves or bears through his telescope, an ____34____ that can move visitors to tears. “These are ____35____ and all-too-rare moments,” recalls Kerr. “I never forget them.” 21. A. Instead B. Anyhow C. Still D. Hence 22. A. retired B. departed C. graduated D. resigned 23. A. at random B. on purpose C. on time D. by chance 24. A. helping B. requiring C. training D. hiring 25. A. signed up B. moved on C. hang out D. broke in 26. A. honour B. understatement C. relief D. overstatement 27. A. delighted B. determined C. contented D. prepared 28. A. travel B. nature C. drive D. freedom 29. A. business B. guidance C. emergency D. conference 30. A. turned to B. went with C. moved up to D. kept up with 31. A. encounters B. places C. trips D. experiences 32. A. judges B. treasures C. admires D. changes 33. A. open B. anxious C. up-close D. all-round 34. A. effort B. occasion C. imagination D. adventure 35. A. rich B. natural C. urgent D. easy 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了65岁Kerr在退休后，一次偶然的机会，遇到公园招聘实习生，他报名参加，并最终当上了护林员，在作护林员的过程中，收货许多丰富而又难得的时刻。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他在波士顿的一家公共广播电台工作了40年。A. Instead相反；B. Anyhow无论如何；C. Still还；D. Hence因此。根据前文“John Kerr wanted to be a park ranger”以及后文“he spent four decades at a public broadcasting’s station in Boston.”可知两句间是转折关系，应用Instead。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在65岁时退休，心中没有任何特别的职业生涯后的目标。A. retired退休；B. departed离职；C. graduated毕业；D. resigned辞职。根据后文“at the age of 65”根据常识知，在这个年龄应该是退休了。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在路上，他偶然在黄石公园基金会前停了下来，该基金会为国家公园筹集资金。A. at random随便地；B. on purpose故意地；C. on time准时；D. by chance偶然。根据前文“After several lazy weeks, he drove to visit his family by Yellowstone.”可知，他开车去去黄石公园是去看望家人的，所以在黄石公园基金会前停了下来是偶然的。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧，该基金会正在雇人教育公园的游客有关狼的知识。A. helping帮助；B. requiring需要；C. training培训；D. hiring雇用。根据后文“Kerr 　　　　5　　　　 for an internship.”可知，Kerr想实习，所以是在雇佣人做事。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Kerr报名参加了实习。A. signed up报名（参加课程）；B. moved on向前走；C. hang out闲逛；D. broke in闯入。根据后文“To say that Kerr stood out in the intern crowd is a massive 　　　　6　　　　.”可知，Kerr在实习人群中，所以他是报名参加了实习。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：说Kerr在实习生群体中脱颖而出是一个非常保守的说法。A. honour荣誉；B. understatement保守的说法；C. relief救济；D. overstatement夸张。根据后文“Most interns were college and even high school students.”可知，他的同事都是年轻人，而Kerr已经65岁了，所以说Kerr在实习生群体中脱颖而出是一个非常保守的说法，是一种夸张修辞手法。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，从某种意义上说，他年轻时就已经为此做好了准备。A. delighted高兴的；B. determined决心；C. contented知足的；D. prepared准备好。根据后文“His outdoor adventures with his grandfather had given him a love of 　　　　8　　　　, and he once volunteered at the local fire department on 　　　　9　　　　 calls.”可知，Kerr年轻时和祖父去户外冒险，曾经在当地消防部门做过志愿服务，所以是做为护林工作好了准备。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和祖父的户外冒险让他爱上了大自然，他还曾在当地消防部门担任紧急呼叫志愿者。A. travel长途行走；B. nature自然；C. drive驾驶；D. freedom自由。根据前文“His outdoor adventures with his grandfather”可知，和祖父的户外冒险，根据常识，应该是让他爱上大自然。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和祖父的户外冒险让他爱上了大自然，他还曾在当地消防部门担任紧急呼叫志愿者。A. business商业；B. guidance指导；C. emergency紧急情况；D. conference会议。根据前文的“local fire department”结合常识可推知，消防部门应该是紧急呼叫。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：实习结束后，他很快晋升为护林员，为公园游客提供教育，确保游客与动物之间的安全接触，并应对医疗紧急情况。A. turned to求助于；B. went with与…一起存在；C. moved up to升级到……；D. kept up with跟上。根据前文“From his internship”以及后文“a ranger”可知，Kerr从实习生晋升为护林员。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：实习结束后，他很快晋升为护林员，为公园游客提供教育，确保游客与动物之间的安全接触，并应对医疗紧急情况。A. encounters相遇；B. places位置；C. trips旅行；D. experiences经验。根据前文“educating park visitors”以及后文“between guests and animals”结合常识可知，护林员的工作就是教育游客，确保游客与动物之间的安全接触。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他很珍惜自己的工作，他形容自己是在最美丽的地方工作，当他让游客通过望远镜近距离观察公园里的狼或熊时，这种时刻会让游客感动得流下眼泪。A. judges判断；B. treasures珍视；C. admires钦佩；D. changes改变。根据后文“what he describes as one in the most beautiful places”可知，Kerr认为自己是在最美丽的地方工作，所以是珍惜自己的工作。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很珍惜自己的工作，他形容自己是在最美丽的地方工作，当他让游客通过望远镜近距离观察公园里的狼或熊时，这种时刻会让游客感动得流下眼泪。A. open开放的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. up-close近距离的；D. all-round全面的。根据后文“look at one of the park’s wolves or bears through his telescope”可知，通过望远镜，应该是近距离观察公园里的狼或熊。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很珍惜自己的工作，他形容自己是在最美丽的地方工作，当他让游客通过望远镜近距离观察公园里的狼或熊时，这种时刻会让游客感动得流下眼泪。A. effort努力；B. occasion场合；C. imagination想象力；D. adventure冒险。根据后文“can move visitors to tears”分析句意可知，空处代指的是前句提到的游客通过望远镜近距离观察公园里的狼或熊这件事，应该用B项“occasion场合”代指。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：科尔回忆道:“这些都是丰富而又难得的时刻。”。A. rich丰富的；B. natural自然的；C. urgent紧急的；D. easy容易的。根据前文内容可知，Kerr当上护林员后，要教育游客，让他们安全和动物接触，让游客近距离看到动物，游客会感动的流泪，所以工作内容是丰富的。故选A项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It is believed that Chinese knotting also known as zhongguojie, originated for recording information and exchanging messages ____36____ writing was invented. Over the past thousands of years, knots ____37____ (play) an important part in the life of Chinese.____38____ (initial), Chinese knots acted as good -luck charms to drive away evil spirits. Today, Chinese knots are widely used to decorate homes during festivities. A major characteristic of Chinese knots is that they are often tied from a single continuous length of string. The knots are commonly named ____39____ the shape it takes. Chinese knots are created in a ____40____ (various) of colors such as gold, green, blue, or black, though the most commonly used color is red,____41____ symbolizes good luck and prosperity. Crafting the Chinese knot is a three-step process ____42____ (involve) tying knots, tightening them and adding the finishing touches. The knots ____43____ (pull) tightly together and are strong enough to be used for binding or wrapping, making them very practical. Today, most of such knots are often mass manufactured in factories. Skilled knot artists weave complex knots that you might see ____44____ (sell) as souvenirs that you can take back with you. If you have time, why not try your hand at it? Perhaps these age-old charms can add _____45_____ touch of good luck to your daily life? 【答案】36. before 37. have played 38. Initially 39 after 40. variety 41. which 42. involving 43. are pulled 44. sold 45. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了中国结的历史、特点以及象征意义。 【36题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：人们认为，在文字发明之前，中国的结，也被称为“中国结”，起源于记录信息和交换信息。引导时间状语从句，表示“在……之前”应用before。故填before。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的几千年里，结在中国人的生活中扮演着重要的角色。根据上文Over the past thousands of years可知为现在完成时，主语为knots，助动词用have。故填have played。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：最初，中国结是作为驱邪的好运符。修饰后文句子应用副词initially，首字母大写。故填Initially。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：绳结通常以绳结的形状命名。短语be named after表示“以……命名”。故填after。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国结有多种颜色，如金色、绿色、蓝色或黑色，但最常用的颜色是红色，象征着好运和繁荣。短语a variety of表示“各种各样的”。故填variety。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中国结有多种颜色，如金色、绿色、蓝色或黑色，但最常用的颜色是红色，象征着好运和繁荣。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词red，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：制作中国结有三个步骤，包括打结、系紧和收尾。分析句子结构可知involve与逻辑主语process构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填involving。 【43题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：结紧紧地拉在一起，足够牢固，可以用来捆绑或包裹，使它们非常实用。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为knots，谓语用复数。故填are pulled。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：熟练的结艺术家编织复杂的结，你可能会看到作为纪念品出售，你可以带回去。分析句子结构可知sell与逻辑主语knots构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填sold。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：也许这些古老的护身符能给你的日常生活带来好运？短语a touch of表示“一点点，稍许”。故填a。 第三节 单句语法填空 （共10题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 46. Smart farming has a real potential to deliver ______ more productive and sustainable form of agricultural production. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：智能农业具有提供更高效、更可持续的农业生产形式的真正潜力。form是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，more是辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a，故填a。 47. Rights are ______(separable) from duties. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inseparable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：权利与义务是不可分割的。空格处用形容词作表语，由Rights和duties可知，句子表示“权利与义务是不可分割的”可知，权利与义务是不可分割的，空格处意为“不可分割的”，形容词是inseparable。故填inseparable。 48. The railway passes through a region rich ______ tourist attractions. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：这条铁路经过一个旅游景点丰富的地区。由a region和tourist attractions可知，句子表示“这条铁路经过一个旅游景点丰富的地区”，rich in意为“富含”，因此空格处用介词in。故填in。 49. Under his ______ (vision) leadership, the city developed rapidly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】visionary 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在他富有远见的领导下，这座城市迅速发展起来。此处修饰名词leadership，应用形容词visionary“有远见的”，作定语。故填visionary。 50. Through hard work and ______(persevere), Tom worked his way up to the top. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】perseverance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：通过努力工作和坚持不懈，汤姆一步步爬上了顶峰。空格处用名词作宾语，persevere的名词是perseverance，意为“坚持不懈”，是不可数名词。故填perseverance。 51. The HRS network makes the national railway function more ______ (efficient) and keeps the national economic lifeblood flowing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】efficiently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：高铁网络使国家铁路更有效地发挥作用，保持国家经济命脉的流动。空格处用副词修饰动词function，efficient的副词是efficiently，意为“有效地”。故填efficiently。 52. Please turn your music down— it’s very ______(distract). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】distracting 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：请把音乐关小点声——太让人分心了。空格处用形容词作表语，distract的形容词是distracting，意为“让人分心的”，故填distracting。 53. The first automated vehicle was not developed for testing ______ the 1970s by the Tsukuba Mechanical Engineering Laboratory. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】until 【解析】 【详解】考查连词。句意：第一辆自动车辆直到1970年由筑波机械工程实验室开发用于测试。由the 1970s可知，句子表示“第一辆自动车辆直到1970年由筑波机械工程实验室开发用于测试”，not...until...是固定句型，意为“直到……才……”，因此空格处是until。故填until。 54. The media training industry ______ (mushroom) over the past decade. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has mushroomed 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：媒体培训行业在过去十年中迅速发展。由over the past decade可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语The media training industry是单数，因此空格处是has mushroomed。故填has mushroomed。 55. Environmental groups want a substantial reduction in the ______ (emit) of greenhouse gases. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】emission 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：环保组织希望大幅减少温室气体的排放。空格处用名词作宾语，emit的名词是emission，意为“排放”，是不可数名词，故填emission。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 76. 第一节 （满分15分） 56. 假如你是李华，你的学校开展了一场关于高中学生自主学习（autonomous learning）的活动，请你根据以下要点给你的美国朋友Alan写邮件分享此事。 内容包括： 1. 活动的主要内容（教授讲座，学生讨论……）； 2. 自己的收获体会； 3. 询问对方学校如何开展自主学习。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Alan, How are you getting along these days? I am writing to share with you an activity about autonomous learning held at my school last Thursday. First, a university professor delivered a lecture to all the students, introducing what autonomous learning meant and explaining what benefits it would bring. Then followed a heated discussion, in which some students shared their relevant experience. For me, it can give full play to our initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, making us the most effective learners. How do you conduct autonomous learning in your school? Looking forward to your sharing. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，你的学校开展了一场关于高中学生自主学习（autonomous learning）的活动，请你根据以下要点给你的美国朋友Alan写邮件分享此事。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举行：hold→host 演讲：lecture→speech 实施：conduct→put into effect 有效率的：effective→efficient 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：For me, it can give full play to our initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, making us the most effective learners. 拓展句：For me, it can give full play to our initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, which can make us the most effective learners. 【点睛】[高分句型1] First, a university professor delivered a lecture to all the students, introducing what autonomous learning meant and explaining what benefits it would bring. (运用了what引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] Then followed a heated discussion, in which some students shared their relevant experience. (运用了非限制性定语从句) 77. 第二节 （满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The school festival was buzzing with excitement, all because of a new contest called “Innovate Your Way.” This contest was all about making a costume that was as unique and creative as possible, showcasing what one loves the most. Lily Adams was surrounded by classmates with cool ideas. One classmate said excitedly, “I’m going to be the whole solar system, with planets circling around me!” One boasted (吹嘘), “I’ll redefine innovation. I will become a walking smartphone from the future, showing the digital age with interactive apps and games.” Meanwhile, another one came up with the idea to dress up as a live weather forecast. He planned to attach LED screens to his outfit, displaying different weather patterns. This costume would not just show the weather but also change with real-time updates, combining technology and creativity in a way the festival had never seen. Feeling overwhelmed, Lily wasn’t sure what to do. Her friends had such amazing ideas, and she hadn’t even picked a costume yet. She shared her worries with her friend Noah, saying,” I can’t make up my mind. Every idea seems too hard to do or just not exciting enough.” Noah, always wise, had a great suggestion. “Why don’t you make a costume about gardening? You love it, and it’s something unique to you,” he said. Lily was unsure because the contest was just a few days away. “I don’t know if there’s enough time to make something like that from the beginning,” she worried. But Noah encouraged her, “You have a special talent for making something wonderful out of simple things. Use what’s around you.” Inspired by Noah’s words, Lily thought over her collection of plants and flowers. Arriving home, she noticed the pile of old gardening magazines and a forgotten green tarp(防水布)in the garage. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As Lily looked through the magazines, an idea began to take root. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The day of the contest finally arrived. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As Lily looked through the magazines, an idea began to take root. She would create a costume that showcased her love for gardening! She quickly gathered all the materials she needed—leaves, flowers, and even some small plants. With Noah’s advice in mind, she started to work on her costume, carefully arranging the plants and flowers to create a beautiful garden scene. It was hard work, but Lily loved every minute of it. She spent hours perfecting her creation, adding little details here and there until it was just right. The day of the contest finally arrived. Lily was nervous as she walked onto the stage, but as soon as she saw the look of amazement on the judges’ faces, she knew she had made the right choice. Her costume was unlike anything anyone had ever seen before. It was a living, breathing garden, complete with real plants and flowers. The judges were blown away by her creativity and originality, and Lily won first place in the contest!From that day on, Lily felt more confident in herself and her abilities.She realized that it’s important to follow your passions and do what you love. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索，讲述了Lily Adams的学校要举办一项名为“创新你的方式”的新比赛。这项比赛的目的是制作一种尽可能独特和有创意的服装，展示一个人最喜欢的东西。Lily觉得她周围同学的想法都非常的酷，所以有点不知所措，不知道要选择什么样主题的服装。就在这时，她的朋友Noah给了她一个建议，让她准备关于园艺的服装。她不知道能不能按时完成，但是她决定尝试一下。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当莉莉翻阅杂志时，一个想法开始生根发芽。”可知，第一段可描写Lily认真准备服装，并顺利完成。 ②由第二段首句内容“比赛的日子终于到了。”可知，在比赛中，LiLy的创意服装得到了评委的认可，获得了一等奖。这件事让她对自己更加自信。 2.续写线索：建议——准备的过程——顺利完成——得到评委的认可——获得一等奖——获得自信 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①收集：gather/collect ②增添：add/extend ③赢得：win/gain 情绪类 ①紧张的：nervous/anxious ②惊讶：amazement/astonishment 【点睛】【高分句型1】 She would create a costume that showcased her love for gardening! （运用了that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】She realized that it’s important to follow your passions and do what you love.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 听力1-5：CCBCA 6-10：CBAAB 11-15：CABAA 16-20：CACBB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$