Unit 1 Food matters 复习讲义-2023-2024学年高中英语译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册

译林版选择必修一U1 复习讲义 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①These elements can ________  in different ways.  【答案】be combined 【解析】主语与谓语之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：这些因素可以通过不同的方式进行组合。 ②The two parent groups now run their business as a single ________ operation.  【答案】 combined  【解析】combined adj.结合的，合并的。句意：这两个母公司现在合并为一家企业经营业务。 完成句子 ③生活是成功与失败的结合体，二者缺一不可。 Life is a ________________________, both of which are indispensable. 【答案】a combination of success and failure ④这里讨论的技术还可以与前面讨论的技术结合使用。 The techniques discussed here also work _________________________ we’ve discussed previously. 【答案】in combination with those ⑤一些专家说，学习与娱乐的结合会更好（把学习与娱乐结合起来会更好）。 Some experts argue that __________________________would be great. 【答案】a combination of study and entertainment/combining study with entertainment ⑥他们联手对付共同的敌人。 They ___________________________.  【答案】combined against a common enemy ⑦不同的州或企业集团可以联合起来以扩大市场。 Different states or groups can __________________________.  【答案】combine to enlarge their markets 核心词汇-2.association 【教材原句】In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind.(P2) 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 association n.联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往 →associate vt.联想，联系 adj.非正式的，副的 →associated adj.有关的，相关的 ②相关短语 in association with与……交往 associate with ...与……交往 associate ... with ...将……与……联系起来，使……与……有关系 be associated with与……相关/联系起来/有关系 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the________ it calls to mind. 【答案】associations 【解析】空格处用名词作宾语，associate的名词是association，意为“联想”，此处表示不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填associations。句意：在这篇文章中，我们将讨论一种特殊的安慰食物，它的力量主要在于它能唤起人们的联想。 ②Have you joined the teachers’ ________? 【答案】association 【解析】association n.协会。句意：你加入教师协会了吗？ ③I benefited much from my ________ with him. 【答案】association 【解析】association n.交往。句意：与他交往使我受益匪浅。 ④What ________ do you have with the color green? 【答案】association 【解析】association n.联系。句意：你和绿色有什么联系？ ⑤The leader is dealing with something ________ with education. 【答案】associated 【解析】逻辑主语something和associate之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词associated，作后置定 语。故填。句意：这位领导人正在处理一些与教育有关的事情。 ⑥She doesn’t want ________ with the likes of me. 【答案】to associate 【解析】用动词不定式作want的宾语。句意：她不想和我这种人交往。 完成句子 ⑦人们通常把日本和高科技消费品联系在一起。 People usually _____________________ high-tech consumer products. 【答案】associate Japan with ⑧据说皮肤癌症与长期暴露在阳光下有关。 Skin cancer _________________________ continued exposure to the sun over a long period of time. 【答案】is said to be associated with 核心词汇-3.link 【教材原句】If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend to be linked with positive emotions. 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 link vt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来 n.联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接 ②相关短语 link up (with)与……连接，联合 link ... to/with将……与……联系或连接起来(be linked with/to) a link between ... and...……和……之间的联系/纽带 “与……有关/联系”的表达方式： be associated with be connected to/with be related to be relevant to have sth. to do with 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①I clicked on a ________ and recent reviews of the production came up.  【答案】link 【解析】link n.链接。句意：我点击了一个链接，有关该剧的最新评论弹了出来 ②The college has close ________ with many other institutions.  【答案】links  【解析】link n.联系。句意：这所学院与其他许多的机构有着紧密的联系。 ③The road ________ all the new towns together. 【答案】links 【解析】句中缺少谓语，且为一般现在时第三人称单数，用links。句意：这条路把所有的新城镇都 连接起来了。 完成句子 ⑤他们继续赶路到了下一个城镇，在那里他们与其他的队伍会合。 They went on to the next town, ________________________ the other party. 【答案】where they linked up with ⑥他们用电话把两个地区连接起来。 They ____________________________ by telephone. 【答案】linked up the two areas ⑦一堵共用的墙将邻近的两所房连接起来。 A common wall ________________ its neighbour. 【答案】links the house to/with ⑧吸烟与肺部疾病之间有关系吗？ Is there _________________________ ________ ? 【答案】a link between smoking and lung disease ⑨那架电视摄像机连在一台电脑上。 The television camera _________________________. 【答案】was linked to a computer 核心词汇-4.loose 【教材原句】... and the hot flavor is enough to heat up a cold evening or let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 loose adj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的 →loosen vt.松开(手等)，放松，(使)变弱/变松，松散，疏远，解开(衣服、头发等) →loosely adv.宽松地，松散地 ②相关短语 let sth.loose放任，释放 have(got)a loose tongue嘴巴不紧(随便乱说) break/cut loose from …从……逃脱/挣脱 come loose变松 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The government’s control over the newspapers ________ in recent years. 【答案】has loosened 【解析】由时间状语in recent years，可以判断出本句时态为现在完成时，其形式为:have/has done sth。 故填has loosened。句意：近年来，政府对报纸的控制有所放松。 ②The investigation had aimed at a ________ organized group of suspects. 【答案】loosely 【解析】分析句子成分及空后organized，该空应填一个副词修饰形容词organized，所给词loose为 形容词，其副词形式直接加后缀ly。故填loosely。句意：这次调查的目标是一个组织松散 的嫌疑人团伙。 完成句子 ③早点放松对儿童的管束可能更好。 It might be better if the children ________________.  【答案】 were let loose a bit earlier ④不要让你的狗在沙滩上乱跑。 Don’t ___________________________. 【答案】let your dog loose on the beach ⑤千万不要把秘密告诉她，她嘴不严。 Never tell her a secret; she________________________. 【答案】has(got) a loose tongue ⑥那个女子想方设法摆脱了袭击者之后跑去求救。 The woman managed ________________________ and run for help.  【答案】to break loose from the attacker ⑦我把船系在树上，可后来松开了。 I tied the boat to the tree but it ________________.  【答案】has come loose 核心词汇-5.expand 【教材原句】Over time, it has expanded to include multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes.(P11) 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述 →expansion n.扩展；扩大；膨胀 →expansive adj.广阔的；开朗的 →expansively adv.辽阔地；开朗地 ②相关短语 expand into/to使扩大，变大，将……扩展(充)成…… expand on/upon详述，详细阐明 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①In a world of globalization, many enterprises like Tiktok and We Chat are seeking ________ their business abroad. 【答案】to expand 【解析】seek to do的习惯搭配，expand拓展。句意：在全球化的世界里，许多像Tiktok和We Chat这样的企业都在寻求拓展海外业务。 ②Various measures are being taken such as the street-stall and small-store economy ________ domestic demand. 【答案】to expand 【解析】take measures to do sth.的被动式，expand扩大。句意：正在采取各种措施，如街头摊贩和小商店经济，以扩大内需。 ③The lunch period will ________ from 30 minutes to an hour from now on. 【答案】be extended 【解析】被动语态，extended延长，延续。句意：从现在开始，午饭时间将会从30分钟延长至1 个小时。 ④An active and ________ market economy is a necessary condition for progress.  【答案】expansive 【解析】修饰名词market用形容词expansive。句意：积极扩张的市场经济是发展的必要条件。 ⑤People are studying next-generation networks to meet the ________ growing need.  【答案】expansively  【解析】修饰动词growing用副词expansively。句意：人们正在研究新一代网络来满足日益膨胀的 需要。 完成句子 ⑥童年时我们常走的窄路，现在已经扩成了一条宽阔的路。 The narrow path we used to walk on in my childhood ______________________ . 【答案】has expanded into a wide road ⑦用那种方法怎样才能减轻疼痛？请你详述一下这一点好吗？ How can the pain be relieved by using that method? Could you _______________________, please? 【答案】expand upon that point 核心词汇-6.estimate 【教材原句】Nowadays, people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated that tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing！(P12) 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 estimate vt.估计，估价 n.估计；估计的成本 →estimated估计的，预计的 →underestimate vt.低估 →overestimate vt.高估 ②相关短语和句型 estimate for...对……估价 give/make an estimate做估计 exceed an estimate超出预算 a rough estimate粗略估算/估计 estimate sth. at估计某物有 be estimated(+动词不定式)被估计是/做…… it is estimated that... 据估计…… 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①It is hard ________ how many children suffer from dyslexia(诵读困难). 【答案】to estimate 【解析】it is+形容词+to do表示“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，所以填to estimate。句意：很难估计有多少孩子有阅读障碍。 ②Some ________ show next year’s budget could be $2.5 billion in the hole. 【答案】estimates 【解析】在句中作主语，应用名词estimate，为可数名词，由some可知，应用复数形式，句意：一些估计显示，明年的预算可能有25亿美元的缺口。 ③There are an ________ 9,000 gangsters in the country. 【答案】estimated 【解析】此处修饰名词gangsters，应用形容词estimated作定语。句意：这个国家估计有九千名歹徒 ④While girls in general lack confidence, boys often ________their abilities. 【答案】overestimate 【解析】根据上下文逻辑意义填overestimate。句意：女孩通常缺乏自信，而男孩往往高估自己的能力。 ⑤When it comes to health, females seem to be more anxious than males. A recent study reported that 66% of females ________ their risk of developing diseases. 【答案】overestimated 【解析】根据上下文逻辑意义和时态填overestimated。句意：说到健康，女性似乎比男性更焦虑。最近的一项研究报告说，66%的女性高估了她们患疾病的风险。 完成句子 ⑥报告对当前就业形势发展作了具体估计。 The report ________________ of current employment situation development. 【答案】gave/made a specific estimate ⑦那人估计了修理汽车的费用。 The man ________________ the repair of the car. 【答案】estimated for ⑧据粗略估计，每年大约有五十只海豹饿死。 ________________, about fifty seals starved to death annually. 【答案】According to a rough estimate ⑨这笔交易估计价值约150万美元。 The deal ________________ worth around $1.5 million. 【答案】is estimated to be ⑩人们估计，今年大学生就业形势将更加严峻。 ________________ college students will be more severe this year. 【答案】It is estimated that the employment situation of 核心词汇-7.essential 【教材原句】In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an essential part of the daily routine that “Have you had your tea?” has become the local version of “Good morning.” (P12) 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 essential adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的 →essentially adv本质上，根本上，基本上 →essence n.本质，实质，精髓 ②相关短语和句型 be essential to/for对……来说是极其重要的/必不可少的 in essence从本质上讲 it is essential to do sth./that...(+should)+do……是极其重要的 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Even in small companies, computers are an ________ tool. 【答案】essential 【解析】空格处用形容词essential作定语，修饰名词tool。句意：即使在小公司，电脑也是必不可 少的工具。 ②Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, strength and agility(敏捷)are the ________ of fine artwork. 【答案】essence 【解析】冠词the后面用名词essence。句意：画笔的动作一旦停顿，就会形成一个黑色的痕迹，所 以速度、力量和敏捷是美术作品的精髓。 ③It is ________ an outdoor shopping area designed just for people on foot. 【答案】essentially 【解析】此处修饰动词is，应用副词essentially。句意：它本质上是一个仅为步行的人设计的户外购物区。 完成句子 ④从本质上讲，你我的情况并非相差很远。 ____________________________________ from mine.  【答案】In essence, your situation isn’t so different  ⑤人生也是如此，它是由起起落落组成的。我们有必要让自己有一个好心情。 So is life, which is made up of ups and downs. __________________________ in a good mood. 【答案】It is essential for us to put ourselves ⑥很有必要了解一些关于电脑的事情。 ________________ something about a computer. 【答案】It is essential/necessary to know 核心词汇-8.stimulate 【教材原句】The concept took off, and today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate costumers’ appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last.(P12) 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 stimulate vt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋 →stimulation n.刺激；激励，鼓舞 →stimulative/stimulating adj.刺激性的；激励的 ②相关短语 stimulate sb into sth./to do sth.刺激/促使/促进/激励某人做某事 stimulate one’s interest in(doing)sth.激发某人在(做)某事上的兴趣 stimulate/fuel/increase one’s appetite刺激某人的食欲 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①It is possible that a tax cut might have some ________ effect.  【答案】stimulative 【解析】修饰名词effect用形容词stimulative。句意：减税或许会产生某种刺激作用——这是可能的。 ②Many enjoy the mental ________ of a challenging job. 【答案】stimulation 【解析】形容词mental修饰名词stimulation。句意：很多人喜欢富有挑战性的工作所带来的强烈的精神刺激 ③I want to find a job that is ________, where I can grow. 【答案】stimulating 【解析】空充当表语，描述先行词job的特点，应用v-ing形式的形容词stimulating。句意：我想找一份刺激的、我在其中可以成长的工作。 ④With the ability ________ metabolism(新陈代谢), tea is well received by most people, which, unlike coffee, has no undesirable side effects. 【答案】to stimulate 【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词ability，根据固定用法，修饰ability时使用不定式形式to stimulate。句意：茶具有促进新陈代谢的能力，受到大多数人的欢迎，与咖啡不同，茶没有不良的副作用。 ⑤The workers must ________ to greater effort by an offer to share in the firm’s profits. 【答案】be stimulated 【解析】主语workers与stimulate构成被动关系，且must后跟动词原形，故用被动语态。句意：必须以分享公司利润的提议来激励工人们更努力地工作。 完成句子 ⑥这次会议促使他更深入地研究这个问题。 The conference_____________________ the subject in more depth. 【答案】stimulated him to study/into studying ⑦你的鼓励将激励我们做出新的努力。 Your encouragement will ____________________________. 【答案】stimulate us into new efforts ⑧他用英语给我们讲了一些有趣的笑话来激发我们学习英语的兴趣。 He told us some funny jokes in English to _______________________. 【答案】stimulate our interest in studying English ⑨安装这些气味产生机的目的是刺激顾客的食欲，激励他们购买更多。 The installation of these scent-producing machine aims to ________________ and motivate them to buy more. 【答案】stimulate/fuel/increase customers’ appetite 核心词汇-9.appetite 【教材原句】The concept took off, and today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate costumers’ appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last.(P12) 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 appetite n.食欲，胃口；强烈欲望 →appetizer n.开胃品 →appetizing adj.促进食欲的;开胃的 →appetizingly adv.促进食欲地，开胃地 ②相关短语 have a good appetite胃口好 have an appetite for对……的欲望/渴望 lose one’s appetite失去胃口，食欲不振 loss of appetite食欲不振 stimulate/fuel/increase one’s appetite刺激某人的食欲 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①I’m sure that you will find something ________  at breakfast.  【答案】appetizing 【解析】作something的后置定语用形容词appetizing。句意：我相信你会在早餐上找到开胃的东西吃。 ②The tables were simply and ________ laid out. 【答案】appetizingly 【解析】修饰动词短语laid out用副词appetizingly。句意：餐桌摆好了，食物虽然简单但很能激起食欲。 ③We served some crackers as an ________. 【答案】appetizer 【解析】由“some crackers”可知，句子表示“我们上了一些饼干作为开胃食品”，空格处意为“开胃食品”，是appetiser，空前有an，因此空格处用单数名词appetiser。句意：我们上了一些饼干作为开胃食品。 ④And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions(份), it’s the beanpoles with big ________ you really need to avoid. 【答案】appetites 【解析】由the beanpoles 可知，这里指瘦高个子们的胃口，应用复数形式appetites。句意：与现有的研究相反，你应该避免与体重较大的人一起吃饭，因为他们点的食物量很大，你真正需要避免的是那些胃口大的瘦高个子们。 完成句子 ⑤中国网民对在线英语学习的兴趣越来越大。 Chinese netizens _________________________ online English learning. 【答案】have a growing appetite for ⑥我就是感冒了，胃口也照样很好 Even when I have a cold, I __________________________.  【答案】 still have a good appetite ⑦我想今晚喝得太多啤酒，使我都没有胃口吃东西了。 I think drinking too much beer this evening ________________________ .  【答案】has made me lose my appetite ⑧他过去常常头痛和食欲不振。 He used to suffer from headaches __________________   【答案】and loss of appetite. 核心词汇-10.emphasis 【教材原句】The emphasis is rather on conversation about business, family or pleasure, and locals can spend hours together chatting, drinking tea and working their way through the menu.(P12) 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 emphasis n.强调，重视；重读 →(pl)emphases →emphasize/emphasise vt.强调，着重 ②相关短语和句型 (with)an emphasis on ... 强调……，重点是…… emphasizes ... over ... 强调的是……而不是…… put/place emphasis on ... 强调、重视…… The emphasis is/was on ...重点是…… It is emphasized/emphassed that从句... 值得强调的是…… 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The examples we will look at have quite different ________. 【答案】emphases 【解析】different修饰可数名词时，名词需要用复数；emphasis强调，可数名词，其复数为emphases。 句意：我们将要观察的例子所强调的重点很不相同。 ②One cannot ________ too much the potential danger of nuclear energy. 【答案】emphasise/emphasize 【解析】此处作句子的谓语应用动词，动词emphasise或emphasize意为“强调”。在情态动词can后 应用动词原形emphasise/emphasize。句意：核能的潜在危险性，再怎么强调也不过分。 完成句子 ③“中国制造2025”旨在把中国从一个产品制造工厂变成一个产品制造大国，一个以创新为导向、强调质量而不是数量的大国。 “Made in China 2025” initiative aims to transform China from a manufacturing giant into a world manufacturing power, one driven by innovation and ___________________________. 【答案】emphasizes quality over quantity ④重点是聊家常或消遣。(emphasis) ___________________conversation about family or pleasure.  【答案】The emphasis is on ⑤我们提供各种类型的信息服务，重点是法律建议。 We provide all types of information, ______________________. 【答案】with an emphasis on legal advice ⑥如果有人在讨论中强调一个点，那么他们要在这个点上额外强调因为他们认为它很重要。 If someone stresses a point in a discussion, they _____________________ because they think it is important. 【答案】put/place extra emphasis on it ⑦以前，我们过于重视对传统建筑的保护，却很少关注对非物质文化元素的保护。 Previously, we _________________________traditional buildings, but little attention was paid to the protection of invisible cultural elements. 【答案】placed/put too much emphasis on the protection of ⑧他们强调他们一直忙于学习，抽不出时间参加户外活动。 _______________________they have been kept busy with their study and have no time to spare for the outdoor activities. 【答案】they emphasize/emphasise that ⑨在全球许多人都处于封锁状态、无法去健身房的时候，人们把重点放在了在家锻炼上。 In a time when many people around the globe are in lockdown and unable to attend the gym, _______________________ home exercising. 【答案】people have put/placed emphasis on/emphasis has been placed/put on 核心词汇-11.mixture 【教材原句】Fill the dumpling wrappers with the mixture.(P13) 【考点归纳】 ①词性/形变化 mixture n.混合物；混合，结合 →mix vt.& vi.(使)混合，掺和，融合，调配，交往 →mixed adj.混合的；混杂的 ②相关短语 mix...with/and ... 把……与……混合 mix up混淆，弄混 be mixed up in ...卷入……中 mix ... up with把……与……搞混，用……把……混合/融合 【语境运用】 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①On seeing the shining diamond ring she showed a ________ of eagerness and amazement. 【答案】mixture 【解析】不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词mixture。故填mixture。句意：看到那枚闪闪发光的钻戒，她显得既兴奋又惊讶。 ②A cool rain was falling ________ with snow causing heavy traffic. 【答案】mixed 【解析】根据固定短语：mix…with…其被动式为be mixed with，故填mixed。句意：一场冷雨伴着雪正在下着，引起了交通堵塞。 ③I still have ________ feelings about going to America. 【答案】mixed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：对于去美国，我仍然百感交集。空格处要用形容词作定语，修饰名词feelings，mix的形容词是mixed，意为“混合的”，故填mixed。 完成句子 ④有时他和他的兄弟搞混了；他们是孪生兄弟。 Sometimes he _________________________; they’re twin brothers. 【答案】is mixed up with his brother ⑤你总是把我和我的双胞胎妹妹搞混。 You’re always ______________________ my twin sister! 【答案】mixing me up with ⑥她把糖放进咖啡里，用勺子把它们混合起来。 She put the sugar into the coffee and ________________________ a spoon. 【答案】mixed them up with ⑦儿子的归来使她喜忧参半。 Her son’s return made her _____________________. 【答案】mix joy with sorrow ⑧几十年来，一直在学习中国喜剧传统相声的大山想把相声和西方喜剧传统融合起来。 Dashan, who has been learning crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants ______________________ the Western stand-up tradition. 【答案】to mix it up with ⑨我不喜欢把工作和娱乐混在一起。 I don’t like _____________________. 【答案】to mix business with/and pleasure ⑩我不想卷入这种事。 I don’t want ________________________ such a business. 【答案】to be mixed up in 经典句型研一研 1.表示“类比或比喻”的句型： 【原句呈现】Food is as fundamental to man as the people are to the state.(P1) 国以民为本，民以食为天(食物对于人类的重要性就如同人民对于国家的重要性一样) 【考点归纳】 本句主句是主系表结构，主语是food，is是系动词，表语是fundamental，as…as…为固定结构，意为 “和……一样”，第一个as是副词，修饰形容词fundamental，第二个as是连词，引导从句；这句话 的结构是：A be as +adj+to B as C +be +to D (A对于B的……就如C对于D的……一样。 类似的表达：the importance of A to B be just like the significance of C to D (A对B的重要性就像C对D的重要性一样) A to B be what C be to D( A对于B就像/正如C对于D一样) A+be+to+B+as/what+C+be+to+D( A对于B就像/正如C对于D一样) 【完成句子】 ①教育对于个人的成长就如同基石对于建筑物的重要性一样。 Education ______________ a person’s growth _______ the foundation ________ a building. 【答案】is as essential to, as, is to ②健康的生活方式对于身心健康的重要性就如同阳光对于花朵的成长一样。 The importance of a healthy lifestyle to physical and mental well-being ________________________ the growth of flowers. 【答案】is just like the significance of sunlight to ③食物对于身体正如读书对于知识一样。 Food __________________________the knowledge. 【答案】is to the body as/what reading is to to the body is what reading is to 2.whose引导的定语从句 【原句呈现】In this article, we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly lies in the associations it calls to mind.(P2 Lines13-14)在这篇文章中，我们将讨论一种特殊类型的治愈系食物，它的力量主要在于它所唤起的联想。 【考点归纳】 本句中第一个是由whose引导的定语从句，先行词为a particular type of comfort food ，在定语从句中 作定语，用关系代词whose引导；第二个定语从句是it calls to mind，省略了关系代词that/which。 whose引导的定语从句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的，其先行词既可以是人也可以是物。 【完成句子】 ①以“全球服务，共享繁荣”为主题的2020年中国国际服务贸易博览会吸引了全世界的关注。 The 2020 China International Fair for Trade in services, _____________ is “Global Services, Shared Prosperity”, attracted worldwide attention. 【答案】whose theme/and its theme ②在我看来，孩子们，他们的创造力是难以置信的丰富，我们很少注意到，应该在这方面进行培训。 Children, in my opinion, ______________ is unbelievably rich, ______________ by us, should be trained in that area. 【答案】whose creative ability, which is seldom noticed ③其墙面被漆成为淡绿色那座新建的咖啡屋，对我们来说，特别是辛劳以后，真是个祥和的地方。 The newly built café, ____________________, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. 【答案】whose walls are painted light green the walls of which are painted light green of which the walls are painted light green 3.现在分词(短语)作结果状语 【原句呈现】The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation, making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends.(P11 Lines 10-11)热辣的味道让大家谈笑起来更有兴致，使这顿饭成了与朋友放松的最佳方式。 【考点归纳】 句中现在分词短语making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends作结果状语，表示自然而然的结 果。现在分词短语作结果状语，前面有时可加上thus表示强调。通常位于句末，且常用逗号和前面 的句子成分隔开。注意：现在分词(短语)和不定式(不定式前面加only)作结果状语的区别：现在分词(短 语)一般表示符合逻辑的、必然出现的结果，而不定式常常表示出乎意料的、偶然出现的结果。 【完成句子】 ①据说，大多数新生对环境的突然变化感到困惑，不知道如何应对。 Most freshmen are said to be confused by the sudden change of their environment, _________________. 【答案】not knowing how to deal with it ②昨晚下了很大的雪，因此造成了今天的交通问题。 It snowed heavily last night, __________________________ today. 【答案】thus causing the traffic problems ③他匆忙赶到家，结果却发现钱包被偷了。 He hurried home, ________________________. 【答案】only to find his wallet/purse stolen 【三、课堂练习】 单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1.Confucius identified the ________(观念)“ren” as the most important moral principle in life, which is still relevant in modern society. 【答案】concept 【句意】孔子认为“仁”这个观念是生活中最重要的道德准则，至今仍然与现代社会息息相关。 2.How to protect the ________(脆弱的)ecosystem was among the top concerns. 【答案】delicate 【句意】如何保护脆弱的生态系统是最重要的事情之一。 3.There were great pots of food ________(散发蒸汽)on the stove and dishes piled with fruit on the sideboard—pineapples, bananas and fruits she didn’t know the names of. 【答案】steaming 【句意】炉子上有一盆盆热气腾腾的食物，餐具柜堆满了一盘盘水果——菠萝、香蕉和她不知道名字的水果。 4.Weighing only 96 ________(克), the great all-round electronic dictionary is portable and easy to use. 【答案】grams 【句意】这本大而全面的电子词典仅重96克，便于携带和使用。 5.C________ the eggs with a little flour and heat the ________(混合物)________(温和地). 【答案】Combine, mixture, gently 【句意】把鸡蛋和少量面粉调匀,用文火加热。  6.On the ________(边)of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth giving off light in the dark. 【答案】edge 【句意】在夹克边上有一块布，它能在黑暗中发光。 7.Out comes a “soft-serve”________(奶油)________(甜点), to be eaten right away. 【答案】creamy dessert 【句意】出来的是一种“软的”奶油甜点，可以马上吃。 8.They ________(打赌)that they will win the game. 【答案】bet 【句意】他们打赌他们会赢得这场比赛。 9.For a _______(本土的)of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips, served hot, _______(咸的)and _______(酸的). 【答案】native, salty, sour 【句意】对于一个土生土长的英国人来说，这可能是经典的炸鱼薯条，有辣的、咸的和酸的。 10.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy ________(氛围)where his employees enjoy their work. 【答案】atmosphere 【句意】这家公司老总一直尝试营造一种轻松的氛围，雇员们可以享受他们的工作。 11.America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tao’s chicken, consisting of f________ chicken covered in a sweet sauce, ________(给……调味) with hot red peppers. 【答案】fried, flavoured 【句意】在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煽炒过的红辣椒制成。 12.Not only does physical activity e_______ physical functioning, thus reducing the risks of disease but it can also make us feel less moody, and feel happier, and even make us smarter. 【答案】enhance 【句意】体育活动不仅能增强身体机能，从而降低患病的风险，还能让我们不那么喜怒无常，更快乐，甚至让我们更聪明。 13.To collect the most accurate information, please download and install the latest ________(版本). 【答案】version 【句意】为了搜集最精确的信息，请下载并安装最新版本。 14.Most importantly, the ________(年纪较大的)are the first to taste the delicious food because they are well respected in China. 【答案】elderly 【句意】重要的是，老人是第一个品尝餐桌上美食的人，因为在中国老人受到尊重。 15.I always a________ the smell of ________(烘烤)with my childhood. 【答案】associate, baking 【句意】一闻到烘烤食物的味道，我就想起了我的童年。 16.If it is convenient for you, please help to buy some bread for me in the ________(面包房). 【答案】bakery 【句意】如果方便的话，请帮我在面包房买点面包。 17.The upper ________(层)is known as the litter. 【答案】layer 【句意】上面的一层被称为砂层。 18.While the two are only days apart in age they seem to belong to wholly different ________(一代). 【答案】generations 【句意】尽管这两人年龄上只相差几天，他们却好像是属于完全不同时代的人。 19.When I came back,all his ________(财产)had been ________(消耗)by the big fire. 【答案】property, consumed 【句意】当我回来的时候，他所有的财产都被大火烧毁了。 20.Marriage itself is just like a cup of water—clear, simple and p________. It can be comprised of the joys and sorrows of life. 【答案】plain 【句意】婚姻就像一杯水，清澈透明，朴实无华，可以包含人生中的酸甜苦辣。 21.He s________ his fingers by accident when cutting vegetables. 【答案】sliced 【句意】他切菜时不小心切着手指头了。 22.There is no doubt that this man is closely l________ to the theft. 【答案】linked 【句意】毫无疑问这个人与这起盗窃案有密切的联系。 23.They have always had a special b________ with their neighbours. 【答案】bond 【句意】他们一直以来都和邻居有一种特殊的联系。 24.The beauty of the s_________ I saw in the national park yesterday took my breath away. 【答案】scenery 【句意】昨日，我看到了国家公园景色的美，令我惊叹。 25.You can see vases belong to different d________ here. 【答案】dynasties 【句意】在这里，你可以看到属于不同朝代的花瓶。 【四、课堂总结】 1.It’s my way of relaxation to _______ my time _______ books at weekends. 【答案】take, over 【句意】我周末休闲的方式是悠然自得地读读书。 2.She paid for her own education by _______ her way _______ college. 【答案】working, through 【句意】她是靠自己工作挣钱念完大学的。  3.You can never lose heart no matter what difficulties you may come _______. 【答案】across 【句意】无论遇到什么困难你都不能丧失信心。 4.There is no point panicking or falling apart; instead you should _______ yourself up. 【答案】cheer 【句意】恐慌或崩溃毫无意义；相反，你应该振作起来。 5.Your practice of fluent and standard oral Chinese can do the _______, which is an essential part of practice. 【答案】trick 【句意】你对中文口语的流利和标准的练习能够奏效，这是练习的必要部分。 6.While working in Japan, she picked _______ Japanese. 【答案】up 【句意】在日本工作的时候，她学会了日语。 7.Whether or not we can start _______ tomorrow will depend on the weather. 【答案】off　 【句意】明日能否出发，须视天气而定。 8.Nowadays, people eat salted duck all year _______ and tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing! 【答案】round 【句意】如今，人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭，在南京，每天要吃掉数万只鸭子！ 9.Given that Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it’s also the most popular sport _______ of this world. 【答案】out 【句意】考虑到阿姆斯特朗想把足球带到月球，我们甚至可以说足球是世界上最受欢迎的运动。 10.They suggested that the professor referred _______ just now be made chairman of the meeting. 【答案】to 【句意】他建议任命刚才提到的教授为会议主席。 11.The company is lagging behind in the field, crying _______ for fresh new talent. 【答案】out 【句意】这家公司在这一领域落后了，急需新的人才。 12.Not only did I get bored _______ hours of practice but also I doubted about the value of it. 【答案】with 【句意】我不仅厌倦了数小时的练习，而且怀疑它的价值。 13.She determined to work twice as hard as before to make _______ for her lost time. 【答案】up 【句意】她决心比以前加倍努力，以弥补失去的时间。 14.Those young girls _______ themselves into study when they were in university. 【答案】threw　 【句意】那些年轻的姑娘在大学里专心致志地学习。 15.The shop is too far, not to ________ the fact that it may have been closed by now anyway. 【答案】mention 【句意】商店太远了，更不用说它现在可能已经关门了。 16.Trainees go through a four-hour lesson before they are let _______ on the controls. 【答案】loose 【句意】受训人员要先上四个小时的课，然后再放松控制。 17.My mother is very good at cooking. Her dishes always _______ the spot.  【答案】hit 【句意】我妈妈厨艺很精湛，她做的菜可好吃了！ 18.She took out the plate, stared blankly at the dried-up food on it, and _______ it into the bin. 【答案】tipped 【句意】她拿出盘子，茫然地盯着上面干瘪的食物，把它倒进了垃圾箱。 19.I could see a man, together _______ his partner, lying on the floor, _______ up with rope. 【答案】with, tied 【句意】我看见一个人和他的同伴躺在地板上，被绳子捆着。 20.The electric car company says sales will take _______ once supply increases. 【答案】off 【句意】这家电动汽车公司表示，一旦供应增加，销量就会飙升。 【五、课后作业】 一、语法填空 In Canada we have Chinese restaurants, most of ___56___ are very good. And when in China I had many chances ___57___(eat)in a lot of different restaurants. It has been long ___58___ I left China, but what I still miss is the Chinese cuisine. My favourite street food there is Jianbing. It is made on a round pan where some liquid batter(面糊)is poured, which is thinly spread by a wooden tool like a knife. The batter ___59___(immediate)forms a circle about twenty centimeters across. An egg will be spread over ___60___(it)back with onion pieces and different ___61___(sort)of spicy ingredients, and then a thin crisp cake is placed on the top. With the cooked batter skin folded over the cake, ___62___ whole thing is folded in half. Then I can take it anywhere to eat after it ___63___(wrapper)in a paper cover. Despite simple cooking ___64___(equip), it is always tasty and I feel at home with food from China. To me, there’s nothing better than a cross-cultural ___65___(combine)of Chinese Jianbing and a glass of milk with maple syrup. 【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中国美食小吃——煎饼。 56.【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese restaurants，先行词指物，关系词位于介词of之后作宾语，应用which，故填which。句意：在加拿大我们有中国餐馆，大多数都很好。 57.【答案】to eat 【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子，空处作后置定语修饰名词chances，应用不定式形式作后置定语，故填to eat。句意：在中国的时候，我有很多机会在很多不同的餐馆吃饭。 58.【答案】since 【解析】考查固定句型。It has been+一段时间+since从句，表示“自从……以来多长时间了”，故填since。句意：自从我离开中国已经很久了，但是我仍然怀念的就是中国菜。 59.【答案】immediately 【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。空处修饰动词forms，应用副词形式作状语，immediately是副词，表示“立刻”，故填immediately。句意：面糊立即形成一个直径大约20厘米的圆形。 60.【答案】its 【解析】考查词形转换(形容词性物主代词)。句意：将一个鸡蛋平摊在它的背面，放上洋葱片和不同种类的辛辣配料，然后在上面放一个薄脆。结合语意，此处表示将一个鸡蛋平摊在面糊上所形成的圆形的背面，空处表示“它的”，应用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 61.【答案】sorts 【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。different是形容词，表示“不同的”，后可接可数名词的复数形式，故填sorts。句意：将一个鸡蛋平摊在它的背面，放上洋葱片和不同种类的辛辣配料，然后在上面放一个薄脆。 62.【答案】the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：用熟了的面糊皮包裹住薄脆，整个东西对折。结合语意，此处特指做好了的整个煎饼，应用定冠词the表示特指，故填the。 63.【答案】wrapped 【解析】考查词性转换(动词)及其时态和语态。句意：在它被包装纸包裹好之后，我可以带到任何地方去吃。after引导时间状语从句，句子描述一般性情况，应用一般现在时，wrap与主语it之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是it，be动词应用is，故填is wrapped。 64.【答案】equipment 【解析】词性转换(名词)。空处作介词despite的宾语，应用名词形式，equipment是不可数名词，表示“设备”，故填equipment。句意：尽管只有简单的烹饪设备，但它总是美味可口，而且我对来自中国的食物感到舒适自在。 65.【答案】combination 【解析】词性转换(名词)。受形容词cross-cultural的修饰，故要用名词；另， a combination of表示“……的组合”句意：对我而言，没有什么比中国煎饼和一杯枫糖浆牛奶的跨文化组合更好的东西了。 二、阅读理解 第一篇 A quarter of the world’s population eat peppers every day, notes Joshua Tewksbury. He is a biologist who spent 10 years studying peppers. Peppers do much more than burn people’s mouths. Scientists have discovered many uses for the thing. Called capsaicin(辣椒素), it’s the main ingredient in pepper spray. Some people use this weapon for self-defense. In smaller quantities, capsaicin can relieve pain, help with weight loss and possibly affect microbes(微生物)in the gut(肠道)to keep people healthier. Now how cool is that? Capsaicin triggers a rush of stress hormones. These will make the skin redden and sweat. It can also make someone feel energized. Some people enjoy this feeling. But there is another reason why peppers show up on dinner plates around the world. When food sits out in warm weather, microbes on the food start to multiply. If people eat food with too many of these germs, they risk getting very sick. The cold temperature inside a refrigerator stops most microbes from growing. That’s why most people today rely on refrigerators to keep their food fresh. But long ago, those appliances weren’t available. Peppers were. Their capsaicin and other chemicals, it turns out, can slow or stop microbial growth. Before refrigerators, people living in most hot parts of the world developed a taste for spicy foods. Peppers also may help people lose weight. However, a person can’t simply eat hot, spicy food and expect to lose pounds. “It’s not a magic remedy,” warns Baskaran Thyagarajan. As a pharmacologist, he studies the effects of medicines. His team is now working to create a drug to make the body burn through fat more quickly than usual. A primary ingredient: Capsaicin. In a 2015 study, his group showed that mice that ate a high-fat diet containing capsaicin did not gain extra weight. But a group of mice that ate only the high-fat diet became obese. As scientists continue to uncover the secret powers of peppers, people will keep spicing up their soups, stews, stir-fries and other favorite dishes. Next time you see a pepper on a plate, take a deep breath, and then take a bite. 28.What can peppers be used to do according to Paragraph 2? A. Keep people’s mouths clean. B. Defend a country from invasion. C. Make people feel less painful. D. Prevent people from getting sick. 29.Before refrigerators, how did people eat safer? A. Placing food in the open air. B. Only eating fresh food. C. Storing food in other appliances. D. Adding peppers to food. 30.Which of the following can replace the underlined word in Paragraph 4? A. Healthy. B. Bad-tempered. C. Skinny. D. Overweight. 31.Which can be the suitable title for the text? A. The Cool Science of Hot Peppers B. A Great Way To Preserve Food C. Magical Peppers To Lose Weight D. A Hot Trend of Enjoying Peppers 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。作者向读者介绍了人们爱吃辣椒不仅是因为喜欢它的味道, 还因为辣椒 中的辣椒素具有很多其他功能：白卫、缓解疼痛、减肥、使身体健康等。科学家们对辣椒的 研究仍在持续进行中。 28.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二自然段“In smaller quantities, capsaicin can relieve pain, help with weight loss and possibly affect microbes(微生物)in the gut(肠道)to keep people healthier.(少量的辣椒素可以缓解疼痛，帮助减肥，并可能影响肠道中的微生物，使人们保持健康。)”可知，辣椒中的辣椒素可以缓解疼痛，故选C。 29.【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三自然段“But long ago, those appliances weren’t available. Peppers were. Their capsaicin and other chemicals, it turns out, can slow or stop microbial growth.(但很久以前，没有冰箱这类家用电器，但是有辣椒。事实证明，它们中的辣椒素和其他化学物质可以减缓或阻止微生物的生长。)”可知，很久以前，没有冰箱这类家用电器，但是有辣椒。其中的辣椒素和其他化学物质证明可以减缓或阻止微生物的生长。因此，在食物中加入辣椒可以为食物保鲜，故选D。 30.【答案】D 【解析】词义猜测题。根据本段内容“His team is now working to create a drug to make the body burn through fat more quickly than usual. A primary ingredient: Capsaicin. In a 2015 study, his group showed that mice that ate a high-fat diet containing capsaicin did not gain extra weight.(他的团队目前正在研制一种药物，使身体比平时更快地燃烧脂肪。主要成分：辣椒素。在2015年的一项研究中，他的团队表明，食用含有辣椒素的高脂肪饮食的小鼠不会增加额外的体重。)”可知，Baskaran Thyagarajan的团队现在正致力于研制一种药物，使人体比平常更快地燃烧脂肪，药物的主要成分为辣椒素。2015年的一项研究表明，食用含有辣椒素的、高脂肪饮食的老鼠不会额外增加体重。由划线词所在的句子中的but可知，另一组只吃高脂肪食物的老鼠情况相反，也就是说会增加体重，故选D。 31.【答案】A 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“Scientists have discovered many uses for the thing. Called capsaicin(辣椒素), it’s the main ingredient in pepper spray. Some people use this weapon for self-defense. In smaller quantities, capsaicin can relieve pain, help with weight loss and possibly affect microbes(微生物)in the gut(肠道)to keep people healthier. Now how cool is that?(科学家们发现了这种东西的许多用途。称为辣椒素(辣椒素), 它是胡椒喷雾的主要成分。有些人用这种武器自卫。少量的辣椒素可以缓解疼痛，帮助减肥，并可能影响肠道中的微生物，使人们保持健康。这有多酷？)”可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们研究发现辣椒中的辣椒素具有很多有益的功能。随着科学研究的进一步发展，辣椒中所蕴含的更多科学将被揭示。因此，选择A项：辣椒中的酷科学，故选A。 第二篇 Every time you peel a banana and dispose of the skin, you’re throwing away a tasty, nutritious snack. A recent study has shown if banana peels are blanched(焯水), dried, and ground into flour, they can be turned into baked goods that taste just as nice, if not better than wheat-based products. Unless you’re a devoted reader of vegan cooking blogs or a Nigella Lawson fan, you’ve probably never considered cooking with a banana peel. But not only is it perfectly safe, but scientists also demonstrated it really is good for you. When their experiment’s products were taste-tested, consumers reported they were just as happy with the flavors as they were with peel-free sugar cookies. You’ll even get a generous helping of minerals and cancer-fighting nutrients. Enriched with banana peels, for instance, the sugar cookies made in the study contained much more fiber, magnesium, potassium, and antioxidant compounds. On the downside, adding too much banana peel flour did result in cookies that were somewhat brown and hard, possibly from all the extra fiber. But when batches(批量)were made with flour containing 7.5 percent banana peel, the texture of the cookies hit a far more appealing balance. While the study only looked at the consequences of adding banana peels to baked cookies, the results suggest using banana peel flour in breads, cakes, and pasta might also be worth considering. Sure, banana peels are pretty useless when raw. But if they are prepared right, they can actually taste pretty good. They can possibly even extend the shelf life of some products as the peels have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The same goes for other fruit peels, too, like mango skin, which was also found to boost a cake’s antioxidant properties and improve its flavor. So the next time you strip down a banana for the fruit inside, consider keeping the skin. Your belly might thank you later. 32.What do we know from the first paragraph? A. Banana peels can be eaten directly. B. People like eating banana peels. C. Banana peels can be turned into a tasty snack. D. Banana-peel goods taste better than wheat-based products. 33.What caused cookies made by banana peel flour to be brown and hard? A. The nutrient compounds. B. The extra fiber. C. The cooking methods. D. The sugar. 34.What function is expected of fruit peels? A. To earn profits for farmers. B. To save money for consumers. C. To improve the flavor of the fruit. D. To extend the life of some products. 35.What’s the main idea of the text? A. Banana peels may change our life in many ways. B. Eating raw banana peels can bring great advantages to us. C. Cooking blogs teach us to make food using banana peels. D. Something cool happens using banana peels as an ingredient. 【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，研究发现香蕉皮可以制成美味的点心。 32.【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“A recent study has shown if banana peels are blanched(焯水), dried, and ground into flour, they can be turned into baked goods that taste just as nice, if not better than wheat-based products.(最近的一项研究表明，如果把香蕉皮焯水，干燥，磨成粉，它们可以变成烘焙食品，即使不比小麦产品更好，味道也一样好)”可知，香蕉皮可以做成美味的点心，故选C。 33.【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“On the downside, adding too much banana peel flour did result in cookies that were somewhat brown and hard, possibly from all the extra fiber.(不利的一面是，加入太多香蕉皮粉确实会导致饼干有点棕色和硬，可能是由于所有额外的纤维)”可知，额外的纤维会导致香蕉皮粉制成的饼干变成棕色并且变硬，故选B。 34.【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“They can possibly even extend the shelf life of some products as the peels have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.(它们甚至可以延长某些产品的保质期，因为果皮具有抗氧化和抗菌特性)”可知，水果皮可以延长某些产品的保质期，故选D。 35.【答案】D 【解析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Every time you peel a banana and dispose of the skin, you’re throwing away a tasty, nutritious snack.(每次你剥香蕉皮，扔掉香蕉皮，你就扔掉了一份美味又营养的点心)”可知，本文主要讲述一项研究表明，香蕉皮可以制成美味的点心。由此可知，D项“用香蕉皮做原料会发生一些很酷的事情”能够总结文章大意，故选D。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$