话题13 历史与社会、故事与诗歌-【领跑】2024年中考英语一轮复习话题梳理（外研版）

Topic13历史与社会、故事与诗歌History and Society Stories and Poems A基础梳理 重点单词 0.写 n.讨论 n.作家 u.死；去世 子产一建造2星 学可它留 一4.死的：去世的日2星 n.建筑物 adj.垂死的；即将死亡的 adj.突然的 n.死 adu.突然地 9. v.使某人吃惊 o.治疗 ad.惊讶的 n,治疗 ad.令人惊讶的 5. 三.伤口 10. 。.上（学）；出席之国 adj.受伤的 11. n.手术 o.使用/n.用处 12. n.思想家 adj.有用的 o.思考 u.讨论 13. u./n.影响 重点短语 学习2 学月之 学月之星 学月 学可之星 从前 10. 发现；查明 2 去散步 11. 在……岁时 3. 拿起 12. 世界各地 4. 破碎 13. 和……不同 5. 死于…… 14. 和某人结婚 6. 起初 15. 开始做某事 7. 向四周看 16. 偶尔 8. 等一会儿 17. 想；考虑 9. 敲（门） 18. 向……微笑 领跑-英语123 学可之星 19. 一两次 28. 一次；每次 20. 再一次 29 为……付出代价 21. 放弃 30. 和……一样著名 22. 为……而死 31. 照顾 23. 独自一人 32. 设法做成某事 24. 因此 33. 继续做某事 25. 顺便提一下 34. 易理解；合情理 26. 处于麻烦之中 35. 遇上麻烦 27. 逃跑 36. 一度；一时 重点句式 1.He left school and began to work 他12岁就离开学校开始工 作了。 2.Alice the river.Alice和她的姐姐正坐在河边。 3.She her cat.她在想她的猫。 4.She trained hard,so 她努力训练，所以后来她成了一名伟大 的运动员。 5. one of the greatest American stories.人们认为这本书是美国最 好的小说之一。 6.Did she often in the forest alone?她经常独自去森林里散 步吗？ 7.I don't know 我不知道确切日期。 2星 日之 8.Like many people 400 years ago,Shakespeare's parents 像400 年前的许多人一样，莎士比亚的父母不识字。 B.基础训练 一词汇训练 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 第一组 1.He travelled a lot to tell people experiences in space.(he) 2.Mo Yan is a famous (write) 124领跑-英语 3.Today I bought a book from the bookstore.(use) 4.The dog has been for a day.(die) 5.I think Lao She is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the century.(twenty) 6.We are all at his performance.(surprise) 第二组 1.Lu Xun was a great writer and we are all by his works.(influence) 2.The soldiers were treated well after the battle.(wound) 3.Let's join in the about the topic.(discuss) 4.Goldilocks was because there was nothing in her bowl.(happy) 5.Confucius is more as a teacher and than a writer,according to Mr Jackson.(think) 二短语、句式训练 I,用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空。 look around at the age of be different from think about give up take good care of on one's own so that pay for in pieces 1.Although you are a child,you have to your mistake. 学月之星 2.I began to play the piano five. 3.The Chinese food in America the food in China. 4.Please the problem for a while and then tell me what to do. 5.Old people all over the world must 6.He entered the room and but he found nothing useful. 手7，you meet any problems,don or you will never succeed. 学可之 8.You have grown up and you have to make a decision 9.The small chair was after the girl sat on it.Because she was very heavy. 10.I run fast I can catch up with them. Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示填入短语」 1.It's good for your health to (去散步)after having meals.. 2. (从前)，there was a beautiful girl who lived near the sea, 3.Her father and brother would (死于)shame. 4.When you meet strangers,you should (向…微笑)them. 5.After having two children,we can only go out to watch a film (偶尔). 领跑-英语125 学可之星 Ⅲ，句子翻译。 1.在一张桌子上有三个碗，碗里盛着些美味的食物。 2.于是Goldilocks从床上跳下来，没有提篮子便冲出了房子。 3.有一天，Alice看到了一只带着表的白兔。 4.高频无论做什么，她都不放弃！ 5,那个年轻人为他的错误行为付出了代价 学日☑星 学且Z星 学可2星 学可2星 学可2星 三语法训练 【,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1.While we (wait)for the bus,a girl (run)up to us. 2.1 (telephone)a friend when Bob (come)in. 3.While my father (look)through the evening newspaper,he suddenly (hear)a cry. 4.We (test)the new machine when the electricity (go)off. 5.-Was your father at home yesterday evening? -Yes,he was.He to the radio.(listen) 6.Mary over her lessons from six to seven last night.(go) 7.AsI (walk)in the park,it (begin)to rain. 8.It was quite late at night.George (read)and Amy (play)with her toys when 學hey (hear)a knock at the door. 百之星 学之星 9.There (be)some people standing around the bonfire when they (arrive)at that time. 10.1 breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.(have) Ⅱ.用because,.so或so..that填空。 1.He woke up late this morning he was late for school. 2.They played football every day they wanted to become football players. 3.He wanted to be a good writer he wrote for many hours every day. 4.The soldiers were fighting hard they loved their country. 5.She worked hard she got high marks finally. 6.He worked hard he had no time to look after himself. 126领跑-英语 Ⅲ.句子翻译。 1.当我昨天看见他的时候，他正在外面散步。（过去进行时） When I saw him yesterday, 2.去年这个时候我妈妈正在照看我爷爷。（过去进行时） 3.大连的天气和北京的天气不一样。(be different from) 4.他们在去年国庆节结婚了。（一般过去时） 5,我爸爸已经戒烟了。（现在完成时） 单可2星国 学可2星 学可2星 C.阅读训练 [,/星改编/阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 主题：人与社会难度：★★☆用时： mins 学司2星 A Great Principal(校长) 学 A picture of 17-year-old Zhang Guimei became hot topic today.The young girl with glasses and two short braids(辫子)is beaming(眉开眼笑)brightly into the camera. Zhang Guimei is the headmaster of the Huaping High School for Girls in Lijiang.People there knew the 1 of the woman.She has tried her best to develop education and 2 poverty( 穷)in rural areas.. Zhang travelled to Yunnan at the age of 17 and has been helping girls from rural areas ger 3 for over 40 years. With the help of the government,she set up the country's first senior high school to help girls from poor families get 4 education.The school provides free education for girls after their nine 5 of education in primary school and junior high school. 6 Zhang has serious health problems,she kept taking morning classes with students for 12 years.She 7 most of her salary()on students.The school opened in 2008.More than 1,800 students have 8 college after high school. The motto (of Huaping High School for Girls also 9 showed Zhang Guimei's strength. 领跑-英语127 学可之星 On February 25,2021,President Xi Jinping gave a 10 to her in Beijing.She is so great a woman. ( )1.A.story B.home C.change D.thought ( )2.A.pass B.fight C.spread D.separate ( )3.A.connection B.information C.education D.technology ( )4.A.expensive B.cheap C.high D.free ( )5.A.years B.months C.weeks D.days )6.A.When B.Whether C.Although D.Since ( )7.A.took B.spent C.paid D.cost 8.A.reviewed学Z B.taken 学ZC.joined 学可ZD.entered学Z星 )9.A.truly B.hardly C.loudly D.luckily )10.A.present B.wish C.policy D.prize Ⅱ.统考新题型阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空。 主题：人与社会难度：★★★用时： mins Now.it's story time. One day,a man was walking in the street with his servant.They 1. (see)a beautiful horse.The man liked it very much.So he went to the owner and asked him if he could 2. (buy)it. The owner said yes and 3. (sell)the horse at a good price.When the man went back home,he asked his servant to take the saddle (away.To their surprise,there was small bag under the saddle.The servant opened the bag,and he found some diamonds (钻石)inside.The servant was very5. (excite)and he shouted,"Look,sir.The horse you bought 6. (have）so much with it for free！”But the man said to his servant,“I bought a horse.I only paid for the horse,not for the diamonds.I must return the diamonds. Then the man went back to the street.He saw the horse seller was still there.He gave the bag to him.The horse seller was completely(完全地)shocked..“Thank you so much,sir.I hid the bag under that horse's saddle and I forgot it.Please choose a diamond from the bag 7. my gift for you,said the owner. The man replied,"I don't need your 8. thank)for returning this.In fact, 128领跑-英语 9. I decided to bring back the bag,I already got two diamonds!They are 10. (I) honesty and integrity(正直)，” Ⅲ，/新考向·中华优券传统文化/阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的五个选项中，选出可以填入空 白处的最佳选项。（有一个多余选项） 主题：人与社会难度：★★女用时：mins When is the best time for us to enjoy the bright moon?1. We look at the moon,eat mooncakes,and get together with our families.The tradition lasts for thousands of years old. The moon,the key part of the festival,is special to most Chinese people.We enjoy and admire it. We use the round and ereseent moon(新月)toderibe reunion(团聚)and separation.学写之星 Our admiration to the moon can date back to ancient times(古时候).The legend(传说)of Chang'e flying to the moon is the most famous story about the moon.2. For example, "Beside my bed a pool of light-Is it hoarfrost()on the ground?"from Jing Ye Si(Thoughts in the Silent Night)by Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai. 3. The Miao minority(少数民族)in Guizhou Province has a special custom.On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival,young people dance under the moon to find their other half. 4. In their legends,the full moon is somewhat scary to people.The most well- known legend is the werewolf().A werewolf usually looks like a human,but changes into a wolf-like creature()when there is a full moon.Also,if someone is very excited or even crazy about something,others may joke,"It must be a full moon. A.We have the tradition of admiring the moon and sharing the mooncakes. B.Today,the moon is still important to Chinese people. 学月之星 学申之星 C.Of course,it is the Mid-Autumn Festival,one of the most important festivals in China. D.What's more,many Chinese poets connect the moon with nostalgia(). E.However,Western people see the moon differently. N.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 主题：人与社会难度：★★☆用时： mins Jane Eyre is the name of a famous book,but also the name of the heroine()in the book.This book is the most famous work of Charlotte Bronte.She is thought of as a great woman novelist in England,together with her sisters Anne and Emily.In writing this novel,Charlotte put 领跑-英语129 学可之星 quite a lot of her own experiences into the story. Although the story is made up,the heroine and people's life and the environment in the story are taken from the experiences of real people then.Charlotte Bronte describes a young girl's struggling(奋斗的)life to express her inner thought:.everyone is equal(平等的).She scorns(轻 the upper classes who only use their power to do what they want to do and she laughs at their silliness(愚查). In fact,Jane Eyre isn't pretty,even herself knows that,and of course,the common-looking face makes others have bad opinions on her,even her own aunt who raises Jane doesn't like her. After she is sent to Lowood School,she is still under physical and spiritual punishment. Because of her childhood's life environment,she learns how to live.Also her growing experiences creates her independence(a独立)，beautiful dream and wisdom(智慧).Although Jane was not born a pretty and wealthy person,she's got a kind mind and a thoughtful brain.Her idea of equality and self-respect(influences us much and makes us feel the power inside her small body. ( )1.The writer of the book is A.Anne B.Charlotte C.Emily D.Jane Eyre )2.From Paragraph 3 we learn that A.Jane Eyre is quite a strong-minded girl B.people love Jane and often take her opinions C.Jane Eyre lives a relaxing life at Lowood School D.her aunt looks after her well 可之星 学可2星 学可之星 )3.Which of the following is TRUE? A.Jane Eyre is a nice and good-looking girl. B.Charlotte never puts her own experiences into her works. C.Jane Eyre is the most famous novel in England. D.People are deeply moved by the story because it's from common life. ( )4.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.Lifetime of Jane Eyre B.Jane's Secrets in Mind C.Jane Eyre-a Real Beauty D.Hard Way to Become Equal 130领跑-英语 V,阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 主题：人与社会难度：★★女用时： mins Amelia Earhart was an American aviator()who was born in Atchison,Kansas on July 24,1897.In those days,airplanes were not nearly as common as they are today. Earhart was 12 years old before she ever saw an airplane,and she didn't take her first flight until 1920.Amelia Earhart was so excited by her first airplane ride that she quickly began to take flying lessons.She wrote,"As soon as I left the ground,I knew I had to fly by myself."She wasn't afraid to deal with()difficulties in the sky. In 1928,she was the first woman to fly as a passenger across the Atlantic Ocean.Then,in 1932,she became the first woman to pilot a plane across that ocean.After her 15-hour flight she received many honours and became an international hero.There weren't many women aviators back then,and her actions encouraged other women to follow their dreams.This was especially important because there were few jobs for women to do at that time.Amelia Earhart encouraged lots of women to do things that had never been done by women before.Amelia Earhart is described as a heroine(女英雄)of that time. 1.When was Amelia Earhart born? 学月之 学月之昌 2.What did Earhart do in 1920? 3.How long did it take Earhart to fly across the Atlantic Ocean in 1932? 拓展设问 日之 =之 学 新考法观点阐述What is your dream job?Why?Write30 words or more, D.写作训练 最近同学们就“好书伴我成长”这个话题展开讨论，请结合下面的内容提示发表自己的观点。 内容提示：(1)Think of a good book you've read..(2)Why do you think it is a good book? (3)Explain how it has influenced you. 领跑-英语131 学可之星 一作文思维导图 定体裁：记叙文 1.介绍书本内容 审题 定人称：第一人称 谋篇 2.说明为什么是好书 定时态：一般现在时， 3.描述这本书对你的影响 一般过去时 二重点句式 1.It is thought to be...2.I can't help laughing... 3.It is one of the best novels/writers... 三句式微练 1.人们认为这本书是美国最好的小说之一。 2,它仍然被全世界的人们所喜欢和诵读。 孕可2星 学可2星 学可2星 3.这个故事很有趣。让我们来读一读吧。 4.看到他们的时候我就忍不住发笑。 【范文】 I believe that there must be a book which you like most.Among all the books I have read, The Education of Love is the one that influences me most. I read this book when I was 10 years old.It describes the little hero Amway's daily life of the school and his family relations.I have read it for several times,and I always feel something new every time.The author tells lots of simple stories,including the monthly stories and the letters fom Amwy's perents9 how us what is love之星 学日之星 学目之星月 When I meet something that I can't solve,I always remember the truth of this book which makes me feel calm.I think it's an excellent book. 四写作练习 为了营造多读书、读好书的良好氛围，我班将举行一次主题班会，要求以“My Favourite Great B0ok”为题，向同学们介绍一本自己读过的好书，并谈谈自己的感悟。 内容提示：(1)Who is the writer of the great book？(2)What is the main idea of the book? 要求：(1)中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；(2)文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名； (3)词数80左右。 132领跑-英语冒) II. 1. When I was at school, we waited for weeks to jobs that are too dangerous for people to do by hear from our pen friends abroad. themselves. Although robots might take some 2. Printing was invented in China during the Sui people's jobs, they will create new types of work. and Tang Dynasties. and they will probably create more jobs than those 3. Computers and the Internet are used in theytakeaway.(本题为开放性试题,答案符合题 classrooms now. 意即可) 4. We can search for some useful information on D.写作训练 the Internet. 三、句式微练 三、语法训练 1. It can save time. I. 1. were saved 2. were planted 3. will be held 2. Hospitals are filled-with patients. 4. isn't allowed 5. am not told 6. isn't done 3. In short, family doctor robots can make a great 7. will be built 8. am invited 9. is held contribution to our society. 10. be used 四、写作练习 II. 1. Take a pill at a time. Advantages and disadvantages of the Interne 2. We set off late. As a result, we missed the The Internet has become part of our life. It plane. brings us not only convenience and happiness, but 3. It is necessary to share learning experience with also troubles. other classmates. Some students use the Internet as a tool to look 4. The room is full of colourful balloons. up English words, find the background of an event or C.阅读训练 a story, search for some important information or I.1~5CBABD 6-10ACBBA just send emails to their friends. On the other hand. II. 1. to give 2. of 3. are asked 4. students' some students spend too much time playing games or chatting online with strangers. It's dangerous and a 9. playing 10. to finish waste of time. III.1~4ADEC With the help of our parents, we should use the IV.1_4CDCB Internet in a better way. V. 1. It has reached 22 percent. Topic 13 History and Society & 2. Do some cleaning and cooking. Stories and Poems 3. They are widely used in houses, education. A.基础梳理 games, elderly care and so on. 重点单词 展问 1. write: writer 2. build; building r 3. sudden: suddenly I think robots are helpful for humans. Robots do 4. treat; treatment 5. wound: wounded 6. use; useful 20 领-英语 7. discuss: discussion 8. die; dead; dying; death 第二组 2. wounded 3. discussion 1. influenced 10. attend 9. surprise; surprised; surprising 4. unhappy 11. operation 12. thinker; think 13. influence 5. thinker 重点短语 二、短语、句式训练 I. 1. pay for 2. at the age of 3. is different from 1. once upon a time 2. go for a walk 3. pick up 4. think about 5. be taken good care of 4. in pieces 5. die of... 6. at first 7. look around 6. looked around 7. give up 8. on your own 8. wait for a while 9. knock on/at 10. find out 9. in pieces 10. so that 11. at the age of... 12. around the world II. 1. go for a walk 2. Once upon a time 3. die of 13. be different from... 14. get married to sb. 4. smile at 5. once in a while 15. begin to do/doing sth. 16. once in a while II. 1. On a table there were three bowls with some 17. think about 18. smile at... 19. once or twice nice food in them. 20. once again 21. give up 22. die for... 2. So Goldilocks jumped out of bed and hurried 23. on one's own 24. so that 25. by the way out of the house without her basket. 3. One day, Alice saw a white rabbit with a 26. be in trouble 27. run away 28. at a time watch. 29. pay for... 30. as famous as... 4. Whatever she does, she never gives up! 31. take care of 32. manage to do sth. 5. That young man paid for his bad/ wrong action. 33. continue doing/to do sth. 34. make sense 三、语法训练 35. get into trouble 36. for a time I. 1. were waiting; ran 2. was telephoning; came 重点句式 3. was looking; heard 4. were testing; went 1. at the age of twelve 5. was listening 6. was going 7. was walking; began 2. was sitting with her sister by 8. was reading; was plaving: heard 9. were: arrived 3. was thinking about 10. was having II. 1. so 2. because 3. so 4. because 4. she became a great plaver later 5.so 6. so; that 5. It is thought to be 6. go for a walk II. 1. he was having a walk outside 7. the exact date 8. didn't learn to read or write 2. My mum was taking care of my grandpa at this B.基础训练 time last year. 一、词汇训练 3. The weather of Dalian is different from that of 第一组 Beijing. 1. his 2. writer 3. useful 4. dead 5. twentieth 4. They got married on National Day last year. 6. surprised 5. My dad has given up smoking. 领跑-英语 21 冒) C.阅读训练 America. I.1-5ABCDA 6-10CBDAD 2. It is still loved and read by people all over the II. 1. saw 2. buy 3. sold 4. a 5. excited 6. has world. 7. as 8. thanks 9. when 10. my 3. The story is very funny. Let's read it. III.1-4CDBE 4. When I see them, I can't help laughing IV.1-4BADC 四、写作练习 V. 1.On July24,1897 My Favourite Great Book 2. She took her first flight My favourite great book is Harry Potter written 3. For 15 hours. by J. K. Rowling. Surprisingly, she said she had the 拓展设问 wonderful idea when she was on a train I want to be a panda keeper. Because I love pandas a Harry is a student from a magical school where lot. I love the body shape, which is round and soft children like Harry learn magic from many powerful like a snowball. I love the eyes with black cireles teachers. His Z-shaped scar and magic stick really around. The most important reason is to protect impressed me a lot when I read the book for the first those creatures who are now in danger. (本题为开放 time. To save the world, Harry with his two friends 性试题,答案符合题意即可) Ron and Hermione, is so brave to fight with the D.写作训练 devil. 三、句式微练 Harry is my hero and I will be a brave boy like 1. It is thought to be one of the best novels in him in the future. 星 耳之冒耳之星耳之星 22 领跑-英语