话题12 通讯、科普知识与现代技术-【领跑】2024年中考英语一轮复习话题梳理（外研版）

Topic12通讯、科普知识与现代技术 Communications Popular Science and Modern Technology A基础梳理 重点单词 0.借入 .(使)发展 .借出 n.发展 2 adj.最大的；主要的 6 u.连接 学回 adw,大部分地；主要地百之→ n,连接 学可2星 n.电；力量 7. u.介绍；引进 adj.有影响力的 n.引进；采用；介绍 ad,合适的 8. adj,最后的 adu.合适地 adw,最后 重点短语 张贴 13. 与某人分享之星 2. 成干上万的 14. 打开 3. 充满 15. 点击 4. 从……借来 16. 每周五晚上 5. 借给…… 17. 结果 6. 浏览 18. 听起来很棒 7. 用手；靠手做 19. 等候 8, 搜寻，查找 20 收到某人的来信 在某种程度上 21. 甲可星 在网上 可2星 10. 把……比作…… 22. 在过去 11. 等着瞧 23. 入睡 12. 把……与……连接 24. 在不远的将来 重点句式 1 on the computer??我怎么在电脑上做作业？ 2.In those days,books were only produced 在那个年代，书是靠 手工制作的，一次只能制作一本。 3.Will computers in the future?将来电脑会比书用得多吗？ 4.Will books ?？书会被网络代替吗？ 领跑-英语115 学可之星 B.基础训练 一词汇训练 I.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1.My pen friend was born in (Australian) 2.As a student,we should behave (proper) 3.At the meeting yesterday,the monitor the foreign teacher to us.(introduce) 4.Today,with the of the electronic technology,it's easy to get information online. (develop) 5.We all know the 学可2星 of creative inventions.(important) 6.My classroom is on the floor.(three) Ⅱ，根据句意及汉语提示填入单词 1.There is a saying,"Knowledge is (力量).” 2.Chinese people are all proud of the (发展)of China.. 3.Don't look at the (屏幕)for a long time.It's harmful to your eyes. 4.I often check my (电子邮件)in the evening. 5.Before shutting down the computer.you should (保存)the document first. 二短语、句式训练 I,用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空。 put...up...look through be full of compare...to...connect...to... turn on lend...to...share with hear from at a time 当星 1.Before printing was invented,books could be produced one 2.1am the newspaper to see which part I am interested in. 3.Our teacher is so kind that she us her own children. 4.If you want to print the document,you should the computer the printer. 5.Don't the radio.I am doing my homework. 6.The bus people and I can't get on it. 7.I have a poster of Yao Ming and I want on the wall of my bedroom. 116领跑-英语 8.Do you have any experience of studying English us? 9.I haven't you for a long time.Are you so busy recently? 10.-Excuse me,can I use your bike? -Sorry,I have it Mike. Ⅱ.句子翻译。 1.我上学时，我们要等几个星期才能收到我们国外笔友的来信。 2.印刷术是在中国隋唐时期发明的。 子圆现在电脑和气联网车教室中被使用 学可2具 学可之星 学可2星 4.我们可以在网上搜寻一些有用的信息。 三语法训练 I,用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1.There was a big earthquake in Japan.Luckily,many people (save) 2.The mayor is happy to find that many trees in our city last year.(plant) 3.A football match between Brazil and Germany tomorrow morning.(hold) 4.Can't you see that sign?Taking photos here.(not allow) 5.-Are you going to Mary's birthday party,Jack? -I'd love to,but I to come to her party.(not tell) 6.You have to stay behind if your homework before five o'clock.(not do) new bridge from my home to school in five years.(build星 学可之星 8.-Would you like to go to Mike's birthday party with us? -I will go if I (invite)】 9.The school meeting once every two weeks in the concert hall.(hold) 10.Computers are very useful in our lives,but they must properly.(use) Ⅱ.句子翻译。 l.一次吃一片药。(at a time) 2.我们出发晚了。结果，我们没赶上飞机。(set off) 领跑-英语117 学可之星 3.和其他同学分享学习经验是有必要的。(t作形式主语) 4.房间里满是五颜六色的气球。(be full of) C.阅读训练 I,阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 主题：人与社会难度：★★★用时： mins In real life,robots are mainly used in factories.They do many different jobs.Usually these jobs are too 1,difficult or boring for humans. 学可2星 学可2星 Robots also help disabled people and people who cannot 2 themselves.For example, scientists are making a robot to help blind people.Now many of them have a dog to 3 them. The dog is called a guide dog.In the future,guide dogs might become robot dogs. One robot dog is called Meldog.It has wheels.It usually "walks"in front of its owner.It is very clever.It knows the speed of its owner's walk.Meldog talks to its owner by 4.The owner wears a special belt.This belt 5 instructions()to the owner from Meldog such as “Stop here”,“Turn left”and“Turn right'”. In the United States,another 6 of robot helps disabled workers.This robot,called Kilroy,helps disabled computer operators.The robot 7 the sound of its owner's voice.It follows instructions such as“Turn the page'”and“Make a cup of coffee'”. Robots are also used in American 8.They can do simple jobs.9 they shave patients and brush their teeth and take meals from the kitchen to patients'rooms.It never gets lost because this robot has a 10 of the hospital in its computer memory. 学可之星 ( )1.A.interesting B.strange C.dangerous D.safe ( )2.A.search for B.look after C.set off D.look for ( )3.A.help B.protect C.teach D.visit )4.A.television B.radio C.loudspeaker D.mobile phone ( )5.A.posts B.writes C.reads D.sends )6.A.type B.size C.set D.double )7.A.guesses B.thinks C.hears D.sees )8.A.cinemas B.hospitals C.museums D.theatres ( )9.A.As a result B.For example C.Thanks to D.As soon as )10.A.map B.centre C.room D.key 118领跑-英语 Ⅱ，统考新题型阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空。 主题：人与自我难度：★★★用时： _mins It's a late evening.Sun Run is using her smartphone to do her homework.The 14-year-old girl from Zhejiang uses an app to read English articles according to her teacher's instructions. These days,it's not unusual for teachers 1. (give)homework on apps.We make good use 2. them.For example,students 3. (ask)to practise English or do maths exercises on QQ groups.Some teachers also use WeChat groups to give homework. But since 2019 Zhejiang Province has banned()teachers from assigning homework on mobile apps due to concerns about 4. (student)eyesight.In 2018,more than 70 percent of middle school students in China were found to be nearsighted()according to the World Health Organisation.Using mobile phones for long is 5. harm)to their eyes. 学月Do students like to do6,里_(they)homework on the phone?Z星 可2星 Zhang Keqi,a 14-year-old boy from Fujian.said he didn't."Sometimes the apps can't recognise what I'm reading in English.I have to work on them for a long time to get a (high)score,he said.He said his eyesight had gotten worse since he started using apps to do his homework. However,Wang Yidi,from Anhui,15,enjoyed doing homework on apps."The apps have big databases(数据库)of maths exercises！And I can revise(修改)my answers8. (easy),"she said."But the bad part is that I can't help 9.(play)games while doing my homework.” Zhou Tianyi,12,from Sichuan Province,also thought it was fun to do homework on apps. Her teachers asked their students to dub()English videos and make their own short videos. "But if I have too much other homework to do,I feel like it's too much for me 10. (finish),”she said. Ⅲ.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的五个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（有一 个多余选项) 学可2星国 学可它星 学日之星主题：人与社会难度：★★★用时：回ms The invention of barcodes(is based on a very simple idea.We only need to give each product a specific number and print it.1. We could simply print the number itself.But this can cause problems.For example,an unclearly printed "seven"could look like a "one"to a computer..It's also true for“three”and“eight'”.2. We need a better way of printing numbers so that they can be read correctly at a high speed.That's the problem barcodes solve. Each number in a barcode is shown by seven blocks of the same size.These are coloured either black or white to show the number zero to nine.For example,the number "one"is shown in turn by two white stripes(),two black stripes,two white stripes,and one black stripe.3. A barcode includes different parts and each one provides a specific meaning.The first part of a barcode tells you the country where the product was made.For example,690-692 is the barcode for China.4. The final part is about the product itself.This is how barcodes work. 领跑-英语119 学可之星 A.Then computers can read it directly. B.All information can be shown by barcodes. C.The next part tells you who produced the product. D.And“nine”looks similar to“six”if you turn it upside down. E.Even if you turn it upside down,it isn't similar to any other number. Ⅳ，/新语篇类型·表格与图际/阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 主题：人与社会难度：★★文用时： mins In recent years,technology has changed the way we live.Here are some examples of how things are different. TV We could only watch our favourite shows according to the schedule()in the past,but now we don't have to wait.And we can go back and watch whole seasons that we may have missed the first time. Photos You probably have more photos than ever because they are easy to take.And now they don't need much space.And you can look through them more easily. Long Distance Talk We used to nervously wait a letter for a couple of days,or we waited by the phone for an important call.However,now we can sit in front of a computer or use a smartphone to talk with our friends who are far from us. Event Planning In old days,when you sent out a party invitation through the letter,and received a certain reply,you would be pretty sure that the person was going to take part in it.However,with QQ or WeChat,things are different.People are more likely to show that they would like to come,no matter whether they've really decided to do it or not.Let's just say if you're planning something important and you want to make sure who's coming,chatting online may not be the best way. )1.Which of the following is TRUE about photos? A.They're not easy to take now. B.They took up little space in the past. C.They just need little space now. D.People used to take more photos. )2.How did people send an invitation in the past? A.Through WeChat. B.Through a smartphone. C.Through QQ. D.Through a letter. )3.What do people mean when they reply online that they would like to come to your birthday party? A.They will come for sure. B.They don't want to come. C.They may come. D.They are not interested in it. 120领跑-英语 ()4.What is the passage mainly about? A.Development of our society. B.How technology has changed our lives. C.Different views about technology. D.How to live a better life. V.新考向·热点素材/阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 主题：人与社会难度：★★★用时： mins Nowadays,more and more service robots have become a part of people's daily life.According to a recent report,the average annual(年均的)growth of the Chinese robotics industry(机器人行 over the past five years has reached 22 percent. Many Chinese companies have made robotic dogs.For example,one company in Hangzhou made a robotic dog and it could carry 3 kilograms of things and it could serve as a running partner for its owner..In202l,a company also made a robot that was able to“see”and“sense”its environment with face and body recognition()technology.The robot could follow its owner and avoid obstacles(障碍)automatically(自动地). Robots are now helping people in many ways.They are widely used in houses,acting as people's personal helpers,such as robot cleaners and cooking robots. In education,robots are used as great teachers and coaches.Recently,a board game robot was used in Guangzhou.Besides teaching students to play Chinese chess,it could also tell the culture and rules of the game. Robots are also used in elderly(care.Some products that could improve old people's self-care have already been in use on the market. Now,service robots are made to offer more convenient and intelligent services(智能化服务). Our life will be different with the help of these robots in the future.Do you think so? 1.What percent has the average annual growth of the Chinese robotics industry reached over the past five years? 2.According to Paragraph 3,what can robots do in houses as people's personal helpers? 3.In which ways can robots be used according to the passage? 拓展设问 新考法观点阐述What do you think of the fast development of robots？Why?Write30 words or more. 领跑-英语121 学可之星 D.写作训练 以“I want to invent ”为题，写一篇英语短文。 要求：(1)将题目补充完整； (2)中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范； (3)文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名： (4)词数80左右。 一作文思维导图 定体裁：说明文 1.表达想发明什么 定人称：第一人称 谋 2.介绍原因 定时态：一般将来时： 一般现在时 3.对此发明的评价 二重点句式 1.I want to invent..2.It can be used to..3.It will be exciting/necessary/helpful to... 三句式微练 1.它能够节省时间。 2.医院里满是病人。 3.简而言之，家庭医生机器人可以对我们的社会做出很大的贡献。 【范文】 I want to invent a family doctor robot I want to invent a family doctor robot,which can be used to cure people's illnesses at their own house.As far as I'm concerned,it will be extremely helpful and useful because of the following reasons. First,you can see the doctor immediately at home when you feel sick or get hurt.It can save you a lot of time,especially in emergent situations.Second,hospitals today are always filled with patients,so not everyone can be taken good care of.However,with the help of a family doctor robot,you can talk to your personal doctor face to face whenever you want. In short,family doctor robots can make a great contribution to our society. 四写作练习 网络正逐渐走进我们的生活，而其利弊也都不同程度地显现了出来。请以“Advantages and disadvantages of the Internet”为题，写一篇英语短文。 提示词汇：look up words,search for information,send emails,a waste of time,in a better way 要求：(1)中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范； (2)文中应包括提示内容，可适当发挥： (3)词数80左右。 122领跑-英语C.阅读训练 Topic 12 Communications Popular I.1~5 CDAAD 6~10 BBCCA Science and Modern Technology II.1.a 2.eighth 3.their 4.decision 5.largest A.基础梳理 6.was named 7.with 8.arrival 9.and 重点单词 10.universities 1.borrow;lend 2.main:mainly 3.power:powerful Ⅲ.1~4BDEC 4.proper;properly 5.develop:development N.1~3 BAD 6.connect:connection 7.introduce:introduction 8.final:finally 拓展设问1~2CC 重点短语 V.1.height 1.put up 2.thousands of 3.be full of 学子 学可2星 学 4.borrow from.5.end to...6.look through 3.Shapes of furniture 7.by hand 8.search for 9.in a way 4.uneasy and nervous 10.compare...to... 11.wait and see 5.A very small number of studies 12.connect...to...13.share with sb. D.写作训练 14.turn on 15.click on 16.every Friday evening 三、句式微练 17.as a result 18.sound great 19.wait for 1.Every class collects waste which can be recycled or 20.hear from sb.21.on the Internet used again. 22.in the past 23.fall asleep 24.in the near future 2.Though pollution is heavy now.I don't think it's 重点句式 hopeless. 1.How do I write my homework 3.If everyone starts to do something now,the world 2.one at a time by hand will be saved. 3.be used more than books 四、写作练习 4.be replaced by the Internet 学三ir pollution which ha done greatha 学之星 B.基础训练 to our daily life,including serious car accidents, 一、词汇训练 flights to be put off,even some horrible illnesses.To I.1.Australia 2.properly 3.introduced fight against the haze,I have some helpful suggestions. 4.development 5.importance 6.third First of all,we'd better not travel by car unless II.1.power 2.development 3.screen 4.emails it's necessary.Taking a bike or bus is a better choice 5.save to both protect our environment and exercise 二、短语、句式训练 ourselves.Besides,planting as many trees as possible I.1.at a time 2.looking through 3.compares;to with people around us is also a possible way to reduce 4.connect;to 5.turn on 6.is full of 7.to put;up haze weather.Let's start now! 8.to share with 9.heard from 10.lent:to 领跑-英语19 学可之星 II.1.When I was at school,we waited for weeks to jobs that are too dangerous for people to do by hear from our pen friends abroad. themselves.Although robots might take some 2.Printing was invented in China during the Sui people's jobs,they will create new types of work, and Tang Dynasties. and they will probably create more jobs than those 3.Computers and the Internet are used in they take away.(本题为开放性试题，答案符合题 classrooms now. 意即可) 4.We can search for some useful information on D.写作训练 the Internet. 三、句式微练 三、语法训练 1.It can save time. I.1.were saved 2.were planted 3.will be held 2.Hospitals are filled with patients. 之星 4.isn't allowed 5.am not told 6.isn't done 3.In short,family doctor robots can make a great 7.will be built 8.am invited 9.is held contribution to our society. 10.be used 四、写作练习 II.1.Take a pill at a time. Advantages and disadvantages of the Internet 2.We set off late.As a result,we missed the The Internet has become part of our life.It plane. brings us not only convenience and happiness,but 3.It is necessary to share learning experience with also troubles. other classmates. Some students use the Internet as a tool to look 4.The room is full of colourful balloons. up English words,find the background of an event or C.阅读训练 a story,search for some important information or I.1~5 CBABD 6~10 ACBBA just send emails to their friends.On the other hand, II.1.to give 2.of 3.are asked 4.students' some students spend too much time playing games or 6.their 7.higher 8.easily chatting online with strangers.It's dangerous and a 9.playing 10.to finish waste of time. Ⅲ.1~4ADEC With the help of our parents,we should use the N.1~4 CDCB Internet in a better way. V.1.It has reached 22 percent. Topic 13 History and Society 2.Do some cleaning and cooking. Stories and Poems 3.They are widely used in houses,education, A.基础梳理 games,elderly care and so on. 重点单词 拓展设问 1.write:writer 2.build:building 3.sudden:suddenly I think robots are helpful for humans.Robots do 4.treat;treatment 5.wound:wounded 6.use:useful 20领跑-英语