话题11 自然、天气、世界与环境-【领跑】2024年中考英语一轮复习话题梳理（外研版）

Topic11自然、天气、世界与环境 Nature Weather The World and the Environment A基础梳理 重点单词 n,兴趣/，使感兴趣 ad.多雪的 ad.有趣的 m.风 学三，之星 adi.感兴趣的 学2写 学a山.多风的 学2星 2 n.危险 10. n,浪费/u.浪费 adj.危险的 ad.浪费的 n,差异；差别 11. adj.高的 ad.不同的 n.高度，身高 4. n.和平；太平 12. n.噪音，杂音 →学之星 adj.和平的；宁静的 ad山.嘈杂的月之星 .污染 13. u.联系，交流 n.污染 n.联系，交流 n.云 14. 0.唤醒，醒来 ad.多云的 → ad山.醒来的 7 n.雨/o.下雨 15. .宇宙 学之星 ad.多雨的 学 16. 学ad.寂静的，安静的之星 8. n.雪/o.下雪 adw,寂静地，安静地 重点短语 1. 来自 6. 擅长 2. 看一看…… 7. 各种各样的 3. 在那边 8. 处于危险中 4. 并且 9. 想到 5. 全世界 10. 夺去；拿走 领跑-英语105 学可之星 11. 照顾 23. 在……的顶端 12. 为了 24. 唤醒某人 13. 开办；设立 25. 第二大淡水湖 14. 新鲜空气 26. 根据 15. 事实上 27. 写日记 16. 关闭 28. 感到惊奇的 17. 有时 29. 在那时 18. 全年 30. 担心 19. 比较……与…… 31. 把……从……上刷下来 20.月 没问题星 32. 把里“从…上剪掉之星 21 最新消息 33 对……感到惊奇 22. 占用 34. 指出 重点句式 1.1t pandas.它允许人们接近大熊猫。 2. things we can'tdo.谈论我们不能做的事情是没有用的。 3. we're in the city centre..我几乎不相信我们是在城市的中心。 4.I have last year.我有一些去年在澳大利亚拍的相片。 5.1t's here I can even hear the birds singing！这里如此安静以至于我甚至能听见鸟儿在歌唱！ 6. ,it's a special and magical place.根据当地人所说，它是一个特 殊而神奇的地方 学可之星 学百之 百之国 日之星 7.The Australians with the British,.澳大利亚人与英国人有着紧 密的关系。 B基础训练 一词汇训练 I.用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1.The of the mountain is 1,000 metres.(high) 2.It is to finish the task in such a short time.(possible) 3.Don't swim alone.It's .(danger) 106领跑-英语 4.There are some between the two words.(different) 5.It is reported that it will be this afternoon.(wind) 6.They're having a party to celebrate Millie's birthday.(nineteen) Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示填入单词。 1.The new item is very (有趣的)and all of us are (感兴趣的)init. 2.My home town is a (宁静的)village. 3.The whole project is a (浪费)of time and useless. 4.Don't make any (噪声)because the babies are all sleeping. 5.It's white all over because it has just (下雪). 短语、句式训练日之星 学可2星 学可之星 I,用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空。 come from have a look at as well as be good at think of in order to close down take up compare with worry about 1.Doing homework most of my time and I have little time to do other things. 2.Whenever I see the photos of my classmates,I will my happy school life. 3.He has grown up and don't him.He can look after himself. 4.No one works in the factory and it has for many years. 5.I like football basketball. 6.-Where he -He comes from England. 2昌 信Beijing,Dalian is too sma星 学可2星 学可之星 8.Daming bought a new computer.Let's it. 9.I got up earlier get to school earlier. 10.Jim likes playing football very much and he it. Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示填入短语。 1.People have (夺去)a lot of land of wild animals. 2.There are (各种各样的)art works in the museum. 3.Kunming is a good place and the weather is fine (全年). 4.We can know about (最新新闻)from the website.. 5.Lisa moves out to get more (新鲜空气)outside. 领跑-英语107 学可之星 Ⅲ.句子翻译。 1,高频想起熊猫和其他濒危动物来，真让人伤心。 2.或许我们可以在学校筹集一些钱。让我们弄清楚我们还能做什么来拯救尽可能多的动物。 3.许多科学家正在努力工作，为的是有一天把宇航员送入火星。 4.科学家们认为数亿年以前地球上已经有生命存在了。 5,玲玲的叔叔说从植物上拽下叶子是不对的，我们应该保护这里的一切。之星 学可2星 6.澳大利亚人最喜欢的食物是火腿和牛肉加许多沙拉。 7.我骑的马很懒，因此我远远落后于别人。 三语法训练 I,单项填空。 ( )1.- he to the park yesterday morning? -No,he A.Did:go:did B.Did:go:didn't C.Does;go:does D.Does:go;doesn't ()2.The teacher told them make so much noise.学月Z星 学可2星 A.don't B.to not C.will not D.not to ( )3.From the window we could see the children in the yard. A.playing B.play C.to play D.played ( )4.At primary school,I dreamt of being astronaut. A.a B.an C.the D./ ( )5.She likes playing piano. Her brother likes playing basketball. A.the;a B.a;the C./;the D.the;/ )6.I haven't finished my homework A.already B.just C.yet D.ever 108领跑-英语 Ⅱ，句子翻译。 l.请你根据文章选出最佳答案。(according to) 2.每天做作业占用了我大部分的空闲时间。(take up) 3.为了让我明白这道数学题，老师又解释了一遍。(in order to) 4.我的妈妈从来没有在早上6点钟叫醒过我。（现在完成时） 5.Peter对我所做的事感到很惊讶。(be surprised at) 学可之星 学可2星 C.阅读训练 I,阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 主题：人与自然难度：★★☆用时： mins I believe that you must know a little about the weather of London.The people there usually 1 sunglasses and umbrellas because the weather changes a lot. The seasons change slowly,and it might stay in 2 when it should be spring.But the weather is never too bad to 3 you planning a trip to London. London is an all-year-round destination().The weather in London is usually 4 The temperature in London isn't too high or too low.The 5 time of the year is usually in August.The highest temperature can be 30C (86F)at that time,but usually the 6 in =, August is about 22C(72P).A lot of 7 come here in July and August.You should try to visit it at a different time of the year because there will be fewer people then. There's so much to do in London,8 indoors and outdoors.Don't 9 changing your plans if the weather changes,because you will always 10 something interesting to do!What do you think of the weather here?Interesting? ( )1.A.follow B.wear C.carry D.bring ( )2.A.spring B.autumn C.summer D.winter ( )3.A.stop B.hear C.see D.like ( )4.A.pleasant B.different C.terrible D.serious ( )5.A.warmest B.coolest C.coldest D.hottest 领跑-英语109 学可之星 ( )6.A.weather B.temperature C.rain D.snow ( )7.A.scientists B.tourists C.musicians D.strangers )8.A.all B.either C.both D.neither )9.A.go over B.come on C.worry about D.write down ( )10.A.find B.remember C.live D.fall Ⅱ.统考新题型阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空。 主题：人与自然难度：★★★用时： mins Canberra is the capital of Australia.It is a modern and lively city with 1. population of over 345.000. Canberra is the 2.(cight)largest city in Australia.It is 238 km from Sydney and 507 km from Melbourne which was once the capital of Australia.People in Sydney also wished to make 3. they city the capital.It was difficult for the government to make the 4. (decide).Then in 1911,the government chose a place to build the new capital.It was between Sydney and Melbourne,the two 5. (large)cities.In 1927,the city was set up.It became the capital and 6. (name)Canberra.“Canberra”means“a place for friends to get together'”. Canberra is a beautiful city 7. trees and flowers everywhere.There's a Flower Festival in September each year.People can enjoy all kinds of beautiful flowers and welcome the 8. (arrive)of spring.A man-made lake Burley Griffin is in the centre of the city.It's about 25 km long.People like riding bikes,walking 9. running around the lake.In Canberra,there're many famous 10. (university)like the Australian National University and the University of Canberra.The National Library and the National Museum of Australia are also famous places that people like to visit.学目Z星 学月之星 Ⅲ./新考向·热点素材/阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的五个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。（有一个多余选项） 主题：人与自然难度：★★女用时： mins Australia is the largest island in the world.It is a little smaller than China.It is in the south of the earth.Australia is big,1. The population of Australia is nearly as large as that of Shanghai. Enough laws have been made to fight against pollution().The cities in Australia have got little air or water pollution.The sky is blue and the water is clean.2. Plants grow very well. 110领跑-英语 Last month we visited Perth,the biggest city in Western Australia,and went to a wild flower show.There we saw a large number of wild flowers that we had never seen before.We had a wonderful time.Perth is famous for its beautiful wild flowers.Perth has the wild flower show every spring.After visiting Perth,we spent a day in the countryside.We sat down 3. .1t was quiet and we enjoyed ourselves.Suddenly we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill.What we saw made us pick up all our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could.There were about three hundred sheep coming towards us down the path. 4. After a short drive from any town,you will find yourself in the middle of white sheep.Sheep,sheep,everywhere are sheep. A.People are happy to live there. 学月2星 学可2星 学可2星 B.but its population is small C.Australia is famous for its sheep and kangaroos. D.You can clearly see fish swimming in the rivers. E.and had a rest near a path at the foot of a hill ,/新考向·热点素材！阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 学月2星 学月之星 主题：人与自然难度：★★★用时： mins The environmental problem is becoming more and more serious today.There is more and more pollution. such as noise pollution,air pollution and water pollution.They are harmful to the environment.How can we protect the environment?Here are some tips for you. The most important problem in the world is pollution.Many rivers and lakes are Control Pollution polluted.We must stop people from pouring dirty water into rivers.Also,we must control all kinds of pollution,or they will be harmful to our health. Although there are fewer and fewer natural resources()on the earth,most people Reduce Waste haven't realised their importance.To help the earth,we must reduce the waste of these valuable things.Everyone must care about our resources. Trees are very helpful and important to us.Since more and more trees are being cut Plant Trees down,we must plant more trees in order to live better and more healthily in the future. Planting trees is the best way for us to protect the environment. As long as you follow what are mentioned above,I'm sure our environment will be better in the future. As the saying goes,"Pollution of the environment is shameful,while protection of the environment is glorious."It's everyone's duty to love and to protect the environment.To protect the environment is to protect ourselves.So why not protect the environment from now on? 领跑-英语111 学可之星 ( )1.How many ways of protecting the environment are mentioned in the passage? A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five. )2.Which of the following is TRUE? A.Planting trees is a good way to protect the environment. B.Water pollution is not serious today. C.People never pour dirty water into rivers. D.Natural resources on the earth are becoming useless. )3.What is the passage mainly about? A.Ways to become healthier. B.Tips on protecting trees. C.Ideas of earning more money. D.Ways to protect the environment. 拓展设问 )l.新考法图片理解)Which of the following isn't mentioned above? )2.新考法句意理解From the saying in the last paragraph,we know that A.it is necessary to keep our children safe B.we don't need to help protect the earth C.it is our duty to protect the environment D.we are proud of our new technology V,/新考法·跨学科试题1阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成表格。 学可之星 学可之星 学月之星 主题：人与社会难度：★★★用时：三mn3 Architects()have had a feeling that the places we live can influence our thoughts. feelings and behaviours for a long time.Now,scientists are giving this feeling a scientific basis( 学依据) Joan Meyers-Levy,at the University of Minnesota.reports that the height of a room's ceiling (influences how people think.Her research shows that higher ceilings encourage people to think of more new ideas and lead them to make new connections.Low ceilings,on the other hand, may make people feel depressed(沮丧的). Researchers of Harvard Medical School make a study on room lighting design and they find that dim()light helps people to feel relaxed.If that is true generally,keeping the light low 112领跑-英语 during dinner or at parties can make people feel more relaxed.Besides,they discover that the round furniture can help visitors calm down.They can also feel comfortable having round furniture around while the pointed furniture can make people feel a little uneasy(and nervous. So far,scientists have mainly focused on public buildings."We only have a very small number of studies,so now we can't take answers to very specific questions but we can get an advantage from fully using them to help people work and study.We'll try our best,though it is very difficult,"the architect David Allison says. The places we live influence our thoughts,feelings and behaviours Researchers What they focus on Discoveries(发现) 可2星 学星 Higher ceilings may help people think of The 1. of more 2. and make new Joan Meyers-Levy the ceiling connections. Low ceilings may lead to depression. Dim light can increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Lighting. Round furniture brings people calmness Medical School 3. and comfort while pointed furniture 单月7 makes people 4. ￥5. in this area can be put into full use. David Allison Public buildings Researchers are still working on the studies. 学可2星 学可2星 D.写作训练 学可2星 学可之星 环境问题影响着我们的学习和生活。你校校刊现在向同学们征稿，请你针对学校存在的环境 问题发表自己的看法，并提出改进的方法。 内容提示：(l)What harms the environment in your school'? (2)What can you do to improve the environment in your school? 要求：(1)中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；(2)文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名： (3)词数80左右。 一作文思维导图 定体裁：应用文 1.谈论在学校出现的 审题 定人称：第一人称 某筲 环境问题 定时态：一般现在时 2.提出改进方法 领跑-英语113 学可之星 二重点句式 1.It's our duty to... 2.It's time for sb.to do sth. 三句式微练 1.每一个班级都收集可以回收或再次使用的废弃物。 2.虽然现在污染很严重，但我认为这不是没希望的。 3.如果每个人现在都开始做一些事情，世界将会被挽救。 【范文】 学日之星 学月之星 学月之星 学月Z星 It's our duty to protect the environment in our school.We all need a healthy environment.But now,some students are harming the environment.like drawing pictures on the walls,littering onto the ground and wasting electricity and water.Obviously,we're not doing enough to protect the environment. Now,it's time for us to do something.In order to make the environment more beautiful,we should remember the three words:reuse,reduce and recycle.We'd better use things for as long as possible.Try to reduce pollution and use the recycled paper.In addition,when we leave the classroom,we should make sure the lights are turned off.Also,remember not to throw rubbish or paper everywhere.In fact,there is still a long way to go to protect the environment.So let's begin with the simplest everyday activities. 四写作练习 之▣ 质之是 雾霾(az)对我们的生活造成了严重影响。你校校刊现向同学们征稿，请你结合空气污染给城 市带来的各种问题，提出中学生能够做到的切实可行的建议。 内容提示：(1)What has the haze done to us?(2)What can we do to help fight the haze? 要求：(1)中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；(2)文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名； (3)词数80左右。 114领跑-英语5.If I have time,I can go to the museum with 2.I am sure all of us will have fun in the English you. Club. 6.Don't forget to close the window and the door 四、写作练习 when you leave the classroom. Dear Linda. 7.Although it's getting dark,they are still at I'm very glad that you'll join a Chinese club to work. learn Chinese.I know it isn't easy to learn a foreign 8.My mother suggested starting off earlier in the language,but I have some ideas that may help. morning. Firstly,it's very important to listen to the C.阅读训练 teacher carefully in class and make some notes so that I.1~5 BADCA 6~10 BDADC you can go over your lessons later.Secondly,try to 拓展设问C catch every chance to practise speaking,both in and out of class.Don't be afraid of making mistakes. II.1.keeping 2.are 3.choose 4.Second 5.if/whether 6.in 7.an 8.matches Then try to listen and read more books.newspapers and magazines in Chinese.What's more.you'd better 9.most important 10.easily organise your time well and study it regularly every Ⅲ.1~4BAEC day. N.1~4ACAD Above all,you should be confident in yourself V.1.Rice. and don't give up whenever you come across 2.In late winter. difficulties.I'm sure you will succeed through your 3.Almost 4,000 years. hard work. 拓展设问 I'm really looking forward to meeting you in Among those traditional festivals of China,my China! favourite is the Mid-Autumn Festival.Because 之 it's a warm festival celebrated by enjoying the full 学日之星 学Your星 Li Hua moon and eating moon cakes which stands for Topic 11 Nature Weather The family reunion.Every year on the big day.my World and the Environment family will visit my dearest grandparents to A.基础梳理 express our love to each other,(本题为开放性试 重点单词 题，答案符合题意即可) 1.interest:interesting:interested 2.danger:dangerous D,写作训练 3.difference;different 4.peace:peaceful 三、句式微练 5.pollute;pollution 6.cloud;cloudy 7.rain:rainy 1.As far as I know,it's very helpful to improve 8.snow;snowy 9.wind:windy 10.waste:wasteful English by learning English songs. 11.high:height 12.noise:noisy 领跑英语17 学可之星 13.communicate;communication 4.closed down 5.as well as 6.does:come from 14.wake;awake 15.universe 16.quiet;quietly 7.Compared with 8.have a look at 9.in order to 重点短语 10.is good at 1.come from 2.have a look at...3.over there II.1.taken away 2.all kinds of 3.all year round 4.as well as 5.all over the world 4.the latest news 5.fresh air 6.be good at/do well in 7.all kinds of IlI.1.It's sad to think of pandas and other animals in 8.be in danger 9.think of 10.take away danger. 11.take care of/look after 12.in order to 13.set up 2.Maybe we can raise some money at school. 14.fresh air 15.in fact 16.close down Let's find out what else we can do to save as 17.from time to time 18.all year round many animals as possible. 19.compare...with...20.no problem 学百之星 3.Lots of scientists are working hard in order to 21.the latest news 22.take up send astronauts to Mars one day. 23.on the top of...24.wake sb.up 4.Scientists think that there has been life on the 25.the second largest fresh lake 26.according to earth for hundreds of millions of years. 27.write a diary 28.feel surprised 29.at that time 5.Lingling's uncle said that it was wrong to pull 30.worry about 31.brush...off... leaves off plants and that we should protect 32.cut...off...33.be surprised at 34.point out everything here. 重点句式 6.The foods that Australians like most are ham 1.allows people to get closer to and beef with lots of salad. 2.It's no use talking about 7.The horse that I rode was lazy,so I was left far 3.I can hardly believe behind the others. 4.some photos that I took in Australia 三、语法训练 5.so quiet;that 学可之星 6.According to the local people 1.16 BDABDC日Z星 学之星 7.have a close relationship II.1.Please choose the best answer according to the B基础训练 passage. 一、词汇训练 2.Doing my homework every day takes up most of I.1.height 2.impossible 3.dangerous my spare time. 4.differences 5.windy 6.nineteenth 3.My teacher explained the maths problem again II.1.interesting:interested 2.peaceful 3.waste in order to make me understand it. 4.noise 5.snowed 4.My mum has never waken me up at six in the 二、短语、句式训练 morning. I.1.takes up 2.think of 3.worry about 5.Peter is surprised at what I did. 18领跑-英语 C.阅读训练 Topic 12 Communications Popular I.1~5 CDAAD 6~10 BBCCA Science and Modern Technology II.1.a 2.eighth 3.their 4.decision 5.largest A.基础梳理 6.was named 7.with 8.arrival 9.and 重点单词 10.universities 1.borrow;lend 2.main:mainly 3.power:powerful Ⅲ.1~4BDEC 4.proper;properly 5.develop:development N.1~3 BAD 6.connect:connection 7.introduce:introduction 8.final:finally 拓展设问1~2CC 重点短语 V.1.height 1.put up 2.thousands of 3.be full of 学子 学可2星 学 4.borrow from.5.end to...6.look through 3.Shapes of furniture 7.by hand 8.search for 9.in a way 4.uneasy and nervous 10.compare...to... 11.wait and see 5.A very small number of studies 12.connect...to...13.share with sb. D.写作训练 14.turn on 15.click on 16.every Friday evening 三、句式微练 17.as a result 18.sound great 19.wait for 1.Every class collects waste which can be recycled or 20.hear from sb.21.on the Internet used again. 22.in the past 23.fall asleep 24.in the near future 2.Though pollution is heavy now.I don't think it's 重点句式 hopeless. 1.How do I write my homework 3.If everyone starts to do something now,the world 2.one at a time by hand will be saved. 3.be used more than books 四、写作练习 4.be replaced by the Internet 学三ir pollution which ha done greatha 学之星 B.基础训练 to our daily life,including serious car accidents, 一、词汇训练 flights to be put off,even some horrible illnesses.To I.1.Australia 2.properly 3.introduced fight against the haze,I have some helpful suggestions. 4.development 5.importance 6.third First of all,we'd better not travel by car unless II.1.power 2.development 3.screen 4.emails it's necessary.Taking a bike or bus is a better choice 5.save to both protect our environment and exercise 二、短语、句式训练 ourselves.Besides,planting as many trees as possible I.1.at a time 2.looking through 3.compares;to with people around us is also a possible way to reduce 4.connect;to 5.turn on 6.is full of 7.to put;up haze weather.Let's start now! 8.to share with 9.heard from 10.lent:to 领跑-英语19