话题7 卫生与健康、饮食、安全与救护-【领跑】2024年中考英语一轮复习话题梳理（外研版）

学可之星 Topic7卫生与健康、饮食、安全与救护 Hygiene and Health Food and Drink Safety and First Aid A基础梳理 重点单词 n.健康（状况） 10. n.一天；白天 ad.健康的 ad.每天的；天天的 学可冒 ado,健康地 厚写 ”.邀请 学可2星 ad.坏的；严重的 n.邀请 adu.拙劣地；严重地 12. u./n.睡觉 adj.更坏的；更严重的 ad山.睡着的 adj.最坏的；最严重的 ad.困的 3 n.早餐 13. adu.可能 n.午餐 adu,可能 n.晚餐；正餐 adu.可能 .出现 14. ad.合适的 v.消失 adv.合适地 n.药物；医学 15. u.同意 ad.医学的；医疗的 n.协议 .打破 16. 意大利 adj,破碎的 ad.意大利的/n,意大利人 0,1m损害星 凹ad.炎热的 学月之星 adj.有害的 n.热度/u.加热 v./n.帮助 18. ad.重要的 adj.有用的 n.重要性 adj.有病的 19. adj.突然的，急剧的 n,疾病 adu,突然地 adj.生病的 20. .穿过 重点短语 去购物 3. 许多 太多 对……有帮助的 66领跑-英语 5. 对……有害的 20. 感到不舒服的 6. 稍微；有点儿 21. 健康状况良好 7. 发胖 22. 浑身；到处 8. 及时 23. 出发 9. 从……跌落 24. 离开 10. 注意…… 25. 一口气；一下子 11. 肩并肩地 26. 攀岩 12. 急救 27. 入睡 13. 在……底部 28. 赶上 14. 抬起 29. 取消 52 确保之星 30. ■多亏 学可2星 16. 不和……接触 31. 医疗保健 17. 得感冒 32. 偶尔 18. 量某人的体温 33. 加热 19. 参加 34. 随便用/吃 重点句式 ……怎么了？Z冒 学月之昌 2 the lights were changing to red,a car suddenly round the corner.(交通)灯正要变红色时，一辆轿车突然出现在拐角处。 3.1 to pick the snake up it bit me again.我正试图捡起那条蛇，它就又咬了我一口。 4. windows and heavy furniture.远离窗户和重家具。 学可2星 学可之星 B基础训练 学可2星 学可之星 一词汇训练 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 第一组 1.When I failed the English exam,I realised the of listening to the teacher.(important) 2.Go ahead,and you will find the hospital.(straight) 3.While he his bike,a car suddenly appeared round the corner.(ride) 4.Jack works out in a centre.(sport) 5.To keep we should keep taking exercise regularly.(health) 6.Yesterday I received my friend's to her party.(invite) 领跑-英语 67 学可之星 第二组 1.We should make the wounded man comfortable before help (arrive) 2.Smoking is to people.So people should give it up.(harm) 3.Take an umbrella.The weather may change .(sudden) 4.He was by a dog and was sent to hospital immediately.(bite) 5.1t's to read books about foreign culture.(help) 三短语、句式训练 I,用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空。（有一个为多余选项） pay attention to in excellent condition call off help oneself in time once in a while L,The sports meeting之☐ because of the heavy rain yesterday. What a pity! 2.Although my grandpa is over 70 years old,he is still 3. to some fruit,Jim and Lucy.It's fresh. 4.The teacher warned us some spelling mistakes in the exam. 5.He worked hard for several days in order to finish it Ⅱ.句子翻译。 1.高频不要和你的朋友们并肩骑自行车。 2.我已经病了大约三天了！ 3.高频自从去年我买了电脑，我就没怎么锻炼过。 4.开始应该是一段相当顺利的行程，因为那是一条直路，但是（路）很快就变得难走起来！ 学日2 学日星 学日☑星 学可2星 5.突然，我看到一只小熊在玩一些树枝和石头。 三语法训练 I,用have got,.some或any的适当形式填空。 1.They don't have time to play,because there will be an exam. 2.She spent of her money on books. 3.Is there meat in the fridge? 4.Would you like orange juice? 5.He continued his work without rest. 68领跑-英语 6. you a pair of scissors in your bag now? 7.We lots of after-school activities to take part in. 8.He isn't friendly,so he any friends Ⅱ单项填空。 ( )1.Look!The light is on in her room.She be back now. A.must B.may C.could D.can )2.-There are already five people in the car.It's so crowded. -1t be a comfortable journey. A.mustn't B.can't C.shouldn't D.needn't (3.When you cross the road,you should look to the left and then the right,or you have an accident. A.need B.may C.must D.should )4.You be tired.You've been working for 6 hours. A.need B.would C.must D.should ( )5.-Must I finish my homework before dinner? -No,you You can finish it after dinner. A.needn't B.shouldn't C.can't D.mustn't )6.-Isn't that Ann's husband over there? -No,it be him.I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses. A.can't B.mustn't C.won't D.may not )7.He have completed his work.Otherwise,he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside. 学可Z入should学写B.must 学可C.may 学ZD.can 学可2 )8.I saw Toby on Peace Street just now.He with his friends. A.talks B.is talking C.was talking D.has talked )9.English most widely in the world. A.is spoken B.speaks C.spoke D.was spoken )10.I'm glad to find that many trees in our city every year. A.are planted B.were planted C.plant D.planted Ⅲ.句子翻译。 1.吸烟对我们的健康有害。(be bad for) 领跑-英语69 学可之星 2.我学习英语5年了。（现在完成时） 3.昨天我到家时，我的妈妈正在大扫除。（过去进行时） 4.安静！Tom正在睡觉。（现在进行时） 5,这有可能是真的吗？（情态动词） C.阅读训练 学可2星 学可2星 学可之星 学可2星 I,阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 主题：人与自我难度：★★☆用时： mins It is very important to stay healthy.I have a neighbour.She is an old lady.She can do all the housework,1 newspapers,watch TV and search on the Internet to learn something new.I often see her do tai chi in the morning and dance in the evening.She looks 2 though she is over seventy.Last week a reporter from a magazine interviewed her and asked 3 she kept so young and healthy.She 4 with a smile: I have a secret of staying young and healthy.It is quite 5.Keep your mind active,take an interest in the world around you,and learn at least one new thing every day.Try to do different kinds of housework and do sports as 6 as you can.Don't think you are too old to go back to 7 I know a man who entered a medical college when he was 70 years old.He studied there for 6 years and now he is a doctor.Another man went to a tennis school at the age of 71 and now he is good at 8 tennis.Some people may say staying young is easy 9 for those who live in the future.In fact,no matter how old you are,you can make it. Please tell the story to your family.It would be a good start to 10 the lady's example.I hope all people will stay young and healthy. ( )1.A.look B.read C.see D.watch ( )2.A.tall B.fat C.young D.happy ( )3.A.why B.how C.what D.when ( )4.A.replied B.spoke C.talked D.told ( )5.A.early B.dear C.easy D.late 70领跑-英语 ( )6.A.soon B.busily C.hardly D.often ( )7.A.place B.home C.school D.hospital ( )8.A.buying B.losing C.sending D.playing ( )9.A.only B.even C.still D.ever ( )10.A.follow B.give C.make D.bring Ⅱ.统考新题型阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空。 主题：人与社会难度：★★★用时： mins It's useful to get some first aid knowledge(急救知识)in life.When you meet someone who is weak or hurt,you can give him or her some help.Now let's learn about the three Cs of first aid. Check 单之星 单可2星 学应 学可2星 The two important parts here 1. (be)to check the situation()and the person. 2. (one),ask yourself:What happened?Is there anything that might put you 3. danger?Then turn your attention to the person.Can he or she hear you?4. (move)him or her quickly.That will be 5. (harm). Call Now you should make sure what kind of "call for help"6. (need)and when to do it. For example,if it's too dangerous to get near the person,call for help right away.If you're the only person there,call 7. ambulance(救护车)as soon as possible.Ask someone else to do the call if there are some other people,so you can have 8. (much)time to give first aid. Care Look after the person who is hurt.Don't leave the person alone for a long time.The person may feel 9. (worry).Tell him or her that everything will be all right. 学可之星 Learning some first aid knowledge gives you tools to stop the situation becoming worse.It helps to save lives.A trained person is confident enough to handle (the situation 10. (good).So start now！ 拓展设问 )新考法文章结构How is the passage organised?(P=Paragraph) ® @②⑧E A. ⑨ B.® P D. ®®②包 E 领跑-英语71 学可之星 Ⅲ./新课标·文化异同//星·改编阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的五个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。（有一个多余选项） 主题：人与社会难度：★★女用时： mins In Thailand,people do not eat with chopsticks.They use spoons and forks.1. Most food is already cut.If you need to cut things,2. The spoon is more important than the fork.If you are right-handed,keep the spoon in your right hand and the fork in your left hand. 3 The rice is not on the same plate with the other food.It is not necessary to finish all your rice or all your food.It is good to leave a little on your plate.If you finish your food,it means you want more. People always offer you more food.The host()will ask you two or three times if you want more food.It is the same with whatever you are drinking.During the meal,never empty your cup or glass.When it is less than half full,your host or neighbour will fill it again. x Always refill()your neighbour's glass.This means that you must keep an eye on your neighbour's glass all through the meal. A.They never use knives. B.Never fill your own glass. C.People often eat from the same plate. D.use the side of your spoon first and then use your fork E.People usually have rice in a different bowl. Ⅳ，阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 主题：人与自我难度：★★京用时： mins We all know that exercise is good for your health.But some kinds of exercise may be better than others.Running,for example,may help to protect against heart disease and other health problems.Running my a help you live longer Recently,researchers studied more than 55,000 adults.About a quarter of the adults had a good habit of running.The study found these runners were much healthier than non-runners.In fact,the runners lived,on average(),three years longer than the non-runners. Running may be good exercise,but it can be difficult on the body.Here are commonly shared ideas among fitness experts about how to lower the risk of injury (for people who are new to running. Take it easy. Do not run too much or too fast.Most people get running injuries when they push themselves too hard.The body needs time to get used to increases in distance()or speed. Get good running shoes. There is no single best pair for every runner.You should find the shoes that offer the best fit 72领跑-英语 and support for your feet.More importantly,you should have a new pair of shoes every 500 to 800 kilometres. Take good notes. Take time after each run to write down notes about what you did and how you felt.Look for things that happen again and again.For example.you may find that your knees hurt when you run sometimes.But perhaps you feel great when you have a rest between running days.These notes will help you make the best plan for running. )1.In Paragraph 2,we know A.a good habit of running may help you live longer B.the number of non-runners was getting smaller C.three quarters of 55,000 adults in the research were non-runners D.the hope to live three years longer drives people to exercise 学可2星 ( )2.The purpose of taking notes is to A.remind you of where to have new shoes B.help you find the way of running that fits you C.take a rest between running days D.help you do some research on exercise ( )3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Choose a good pair of shoes and never change another pair while you're running. B.Taking notes helps to record how happy you're while running. C.Run properly,or you may get hurt from running. D.Only running can keep you healthy. ()4.The passage is written to A.provide information for the researchers to work better B.warn the non-runners of the danger while running 学月ZC.tell peoplen is important学日Z星 学可2星星 学可之星 D.help new runners to exercise in a scientific way V.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成思维导图。 主题：人与自我难度：★★女用时： mins Sometimes it may seem difficult to improve our health.If so,the following healthy habits may help you. Eat breakfast every morning Research shows that if you eat a meal in the morning you may not become too fat or eat too much during lunch.Eating breakfast can help people feel better through the day. ·Get enough sleep Poor sleep can influence our memory and learning.It can also cause traffic accidents!Some 领跑-英语73 学可之星 studies have shown that people who don't get enough sleep seem to get into more accidents.So get enough sleep and stay safe! ·Take a walk every day Walking is an easy way to exercise.You'd better meet friends for a walk,rather than for a meal.As you walk,you will see the beautiful world around you.Once you try,you will find that adding a walk to your daily life is very easy. ·Join social groups Social groups can provide support.They might include sports teams,art or music groups. The people in the groups can offer advice and can help each other in difficult times.Also,being in a group keeps your mind active.An active mind is a healthy mind. ·Have a hobby日Z属 A hobby could be running reading or making something with your hands.Hobb Hobbies help people to relax.Hobbies bring us joy as well. can help people feel Eat breakfast every morning better through the day. Get 1. sleep Healthy habits 2 every day Join social groups Social groups can 5. Have a 3. D.写作训练 学百之星 学之星 学可2星 学可之星 最近，学校的英语论坛上，学生们在讨论中提到了两个实际问题： 1.I have difficulty in stopping eating junk food.What can I do? 2.I am putting on weight.What can I do? 请你选择其一，从健康生活的角度谈谈你的看法。 内容提示：(I)What do you think of the problem? (2)What is your advice? 要求：(1)中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；(2)文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名； (3)词数80左右。 一作文思维导图 定体裁：议论文 定人称：第一人称 谋篇 1选择问题，闲述观点 审题 定时态：一般现在时 2.提出建议 74领跑-英语 三重点句式 1.Talk about the problem: (1)It's a serious problem... (2)It does harm to our health. (3)Too much fried food and too many sweets are... (4)It's common for... (5)Students don't do as much exercise as before. 2.Give your advice: (1)Don't eat too much... (2)Try to eat more...rather than junk food. (3)Don't stay up too late at night. (4)Take some outdoor sports,including... 三句式微练 1.许多青少年正在长胖。 学Many teenagers 学之星 可2Z,星 2.垃圾食品对我们的健康真的很有害。 Junk food 3.垃圾食品吃得越多，你就会越胖。 you eat, you will be. 4.尽全力做更多的运动。 Try your best 【范文】日2昌 甲月☑■ 学月☑星 Nowadays,many teenagers are putting on weight.In my opinion,doing less exercise but eating much junk food are two reasons.To build up a strong body,you'd better follow my advice. First,stand up from the sofa and do as much exercise as you can.Actually,sports can help to burn up the fat.Second,stop eating food with too much sugar or fat.As the saying goes,"An apple a day keeps the doctor away."You are sure to be in good condition if you exercise more and md扣d f2目 Hope you lead a beautiful and healthy life. 学可2星 学可之星 四写作练习 最近，学校健康调查小组做了一项调查，发现许多初中生的课业压力越来越大，导致睡眠时间 也越来越少。请你谈谈中学生如何缓解课业压力，保持健康生活。 内容提示：(I)What do you think of the problem？(2)What's your advice? 要求：(1)中心突出，语义连贯，层次清晰，书写规范；(2)文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名： (3)词数80左右。 领跑-英语75拓展设问B goes,"All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. N.1~4ACBD I'm looking forward to your reply. V.1.To wish a long life. Yours, 2.Birthday pies. Li Hua 3.14 times. Topic 7 Hygiene and Health Food 拓展设问 and Drink Safety and First Aid A基础梳理 I would like to consider the piggy bank given by my 重点单词 grandma on my thirteenth birthday to be my favourite 1.health:healthy:healthily 2.bad;badly;worse;worst present.Pigs are so chubby that we Chinese think 3.breakfast;lunch:dinner 4.appear:disappear they bring good luck and fortune to the receiver.So the piggy bank is a good wish from my grandma. 5.medicine:medical 6.break;broken 7.harm;harmful 8.help:helpful Besides,it is also a practical gift,which encourages 9.ill:illness:sick 10.day:daily me to manage my pocket money.(本题为开放性试 11.invite:invitation 12.sleep:asleep;sleepy 题，答案符合题意即可) 13.perhaps;maybe;probably 14.proper:properly D.写作训练 15.agree;agreement 16.Italy:Italian 17.hot;heat 三、句式微练 18.important;importance 19.sudden;suddenly 1.The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on August 15th of 20.cross the lunar calendar every year. 重点短语 2.What's more,people have mooncakes filled with 1.go shopping 2.too much 3.lots of different kinds of fillings. 4.be good for 5.be bad for 6.a bit 3.As we all know,it is a time for the family to get 7.get fat 8.in time 9.fall off... together. 10.pay attention to.· 11.side by side 四、写作练习 学之星 学月 12.first aid 13.at the bottom of... 14.1ip之星 Dear Bob. 15.make sure 16.keep clear of... I'm glad to hear from you.The Spring Festival 17.catch a cold 18.take one's temperature is around the corner.I'd like to tell you my plans. 19.take part in 20.feel awful As we all know,it's a wonderful time for the 21.in excellent condition 22.all over family to get together.So I intend to pay a visit to 23.set off 24.go off 25.in one go my grandparents who haven't seen me for one year. 26.rock climbing 27.fall asleep 28.catch up My family will spend five days there.And then I'll 29.call off 30.thanks to 31.health care start my trip to Beijing,the capital of China.I always 32.once in a while 33.heat up 34.help yourself like travelling and I will do some sightseeing to relax重点句式 myself before the new term starts.As the old saying 1.What's wrong with...?2.While;appeared 领跑-英语11 学可之星 3.was trying:when 4.Stay away from C.阅读训练 B.基础训练 I.1~5 BCBAC 6~10 DCDAA 一、词汇训练 II.1.are 2.First 3.in 4.Don't move 5.harmful 第一组 6.is needed 7.an 8.more 9.worried 10.well 1.importance 2.straight 3.was riding 4.sports 拓展设问B 5.healthy 6.invitation Ⅲ.1~4ADEB 第二组 I.1~4 ABCD 1.arrives 2.harmful 3.suddenly 4.bitten V.1.enough 2.Take a walk 3.hobby 5.helpful 4.Eating breakfast 5.provide support D.写作训练 二、短语、句式训练 之星 三、句式微练 学可之星 学可之星 I.1.was called off 2.in excellent condition 1.are putting on weight 3.Help yourselves 4.to pay attention to 2.is really bad for our health 5.in time 3.The more junk food:the fatter II.1.Don't ride side by side with your friends. 4.to do more exercise 2.I've been ill for about three days! 四、写作练习 3.I haven't done much exercise since I got my Teenagers don't get as much sleep as we should computer last year. do because most of us have suffered much pressure 4.It should be a fairly smooth walk to begin with from schoolwork or exams.However,to be better at because it's a straight path,but it'll start to get subjects,we must keep enough sleep. difficult soon! I prefer a better way to reduce pressure.As the 5.Suddenly.I saw a baby bear playing with some old saying goes,"Rome wasn't built in a day. sticks and stones. 三、语法训练 学可之星 Manage your study time daily instead of going over all lessons exactly before the exam.Besides,it's not a I.1.any 2.some 3.any 4.some 5.any shame to ask for help.Whenever you feel nervous or 6.Have;got 7.have got 8.hasn't got worried,don't forget to get help from people around. Ⅱ.1-5 ABBCA6-10 ABCAA Get a good sleep and hope you'll have a better II.1.Smoking is bad for our health. life. 2.I have studied English for 5 years. Topic 8 Recreation and Sports 3.When I got home yesterday,my mother was A基础梳理 doing some cleaning. 重点单词 4.Be quiet!Tom is sleeping. 1.discuss:discussion 2.sound:voice 5.Can/Could this be true? 3.through:across:cross 4.both:all 12领跑-英语