专题04 阅读理解（说明文） -【好题汇编】2024年中考英语二模试题分类汇编（山东专用）

专题04 阅读理解（说明文） （2024·山东德州·二模）Ma Mian Qun, also known as “Ma Mian Zhe Qun”, is a kind of traditional Chinese dress. The question of why Ma Mian Qun is named has always been puzzling. Actually, “Ma Mian” is a kind of structure used for defense (防御) in the city wall system. However, all the books about Ma Mian Qun, only show that the smooth surface without pleats (褶) in the middle is called “Ma Mian”, and there is no further explanation for where it comes from. The Horse Face Skirt has roots in China’s Han Dynasty. Artworks and ancient texts often describe the skirt, showing its importance in Chinese fashion history. The Chinese Horse Face Skirt, with a unique structural design, matches practicality (实用性) with beauty. The skirt starts with a snug (紧身的) waist and fans out to wider hem (边缘，下摆), with pleats that are around 30 centimeters deep. This allows the wearer move freely, meeting the traditional need for both beauty and practicality in Chinese clothing. Ma Mian Qun is colorful, mostly red and blue. Red means good luck and joy. According to Han customs, women usually wore red skirts during celebrations of festivals. In the Qing dynasty, blue was also common and popular, paired with black and yellow. Ma Mian Qun has different kinds of patterns with different meanings. For example, dragon and phoenix patterns show the love between a man and a woman or a beautiful marriage. Peony is a symbol of wealth and honor. In Chinese culture, the pleats mean wealth and status (地位), while the colors used, such as red and yellow, are deeply tied to luck and imperial power. Each skirt tells a story, whether of the person who wore it or the century it stands for. 1．In fact, “Ma Mian” means ________. A．a kind of traditional Chinese dress B．the most respected fabric C．a kind of structure used for defense D．a unique structural design 2．Which picture shows the Chinese Horse Face Skirts? A． B． C． D． 3．Why does Ma Mian Qun have pleats? A．For defense. B．For moving freely. C．For beauty. D．For wealth and status. 4．For Ma MianQun, which are mentioned in the passage? a. Its price    b. Its designer     c. Its colours   d . Its meaning A．ab B．cd C．ad D．bc 5．You can find the passage in ________. A．a guide book B．a diary C．a magazine D．a public speech （2024·山东济南·二模）Recently, a research on how a new VR (虚拟现实) experience educated children about the fire disasters (灾害) was done. The new VR experience was developed by the University of South Australia, hoping to educate children to learn how to be safe in a fire. It presents a situation for children aged 10—12. In the situation, they are tasked to look after a friend’s dog just before a fire event begins. They take part in a set of problem-solving activities to help save and protect themselves and the dog. The findings showed that over 80% of the children could calmly tell the advantages and disadvantages of different choices. They also learned to make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire. Children thought it especially important and meaningful, because 91% of them didn’t have knowledge of fires at the beginning, and 67% had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire. The researchers believed such VR experiences made it possible to engage, educate and empower the young. “As children born in modern times, they are interested in such technology and they can experience events in a real situation yet within the safe environment,” said Delene Weber, one of the researchers. “Well-designed VR can provide children with surprisingly valuable learning tools.” Meanwhile, because children have fewer life experiences, aren’t as physically strong, and are less likely to have learned much about fire safety, they’re often most at risk. However, the role that children play in the fire safety at their homes should not be underestimated (低估). “Children don’t need to be always waiting for help in disasters. With these VR experiences, we can make children understand the risks and realize they can help,” said Weber. 6．What’s the purpose of the new VR experience? A．To describe children’s reactions to fire disasters. B．To teach children to save themselves in a fire. C．To introduce ways of avoiding a fire to children. D．To increase children’s interest in VR experiences. 7．From the findings, what’s the children’s attitude (态度) towards the new VR experience? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Uncertain. D．Supportive. 8．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “engage” in Para.3? engage /ɪn’geɪdʒ/ Verb engaged, engaging ①to draw one’s attention and keep them interested ②to give somebody a job ③to begin fighting with somebody ④to fit one part of a machine into another so they can work A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 9．From Paragraph 3, what can we mainly get to know about the new VR experience? A．The development. B．The advantages. C．The method. D．The introduction. 10．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．Children make no difference in the fire safety at their homes. B．VR experiences are mainly designed for children in high school. C．Children can help in fire safety with the VR experiences. D．67% of children knew how to make safety decisions in the end. （2024·山东临沂·二模）More than once we have seen videos of dogs, cats and other cute animals shared by people on the Internet. But recently, a less-known animal has caught the public’s attention—the capybara (水豚). Capybaras are the biggest rodent (啮齿目动物) on the earth. They live in South America and Central America. Like other rodents, capybaras’ teeth keep growing. They make them short by eating plants. Capybaras are strong swimmers. Their pig-shaped bodies are adapted for life in water. Their toes are webbed (脚趾有蹼) for moving through the water. They have dark brown fur, allowing them to quickly dry when on land. Their small eyes, noses and hairless ears are located (位于) high on their heads. So even though most of their body is in the water, they can keep watching as long as their faces are out of the water. Capybaras are also social animals. They are good at building relationships with other animals. They like to stay on their own, but if humans or other animals try to get close to them, they will never run away. They will play with them, even with large animals. Besides, capybaras can help provide food for other animals. It is common to find other animals, like monkeys and birds, riding on the back of a capybara. They look for lice (虱子) in the capybara’s coat to eat. Since capybaras do not hurt these animals, it is very great to move with capybaras and get a free ride hopefully. Nowadays, capybaras are getting popular as friends of humans. More and more people around the world want to raise a capybara as a pet. After all, no one can say no to such a cute and kind friend. 11．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “adapted” in Paragraph 3? A．fit B．considered C．difficult 12．Which of the following are mentioned about capybaras in the passage? ①appearance     ②living places     ③favorite friends     ④abilities A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ 13．Why do some animals ride on the back of the capybaras? A．Because they want to make friends with capybaras. B．Because they may get food from capybaras. C．Because they want to swim with capybaras. 14．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． （2024·山东济宁·二模） An “air taxi” seems like science fiction, but you’ll probably be able to take one in the near future. On February 27, 2024, an eVTOL aircraft finished its first test flight in Guangdong and got a lot of attention from around the world. The flight started from Shekou Cruise Homeport in Shenzhen to Jiuzhou Port in Zhuhai. The distance (距离) between these two places is about 60 kilometers. The whole trip took about 20 minutes while traveling by car usually takes about two to three hours. It will be a better choice for passengers to travel between Shenzhen and Zhuhai in Guangdong. The eVTOL aircraft looks like a small plane. But unlike a plane, it doesn’t need a long runway to take off from and land on the ground. Instead, it can go straight up and down. This new aircraft is powered by electricity. It can work for 250 kilometers on a single charge. It can carry up to five people at a speed of up to 200 kilometers per hour. The eVTOL aircraft was developed by a high-tech company and was named Prosperity. The company is asking for a permit (许可证) for operation. If everything goes well, it is hoped that the aircraft will start carrying passengers in 2026. Besides, Guangzhou is making efforts to encourage low-altitude flights (低空飞行), which will be used in many areas such as low-air tourism, delivery (运输), and farming in the future. Many experts believe that the achievements of low-altitude flights will make a great contribution to the city’s development. 15．What does the word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The whole trip. B．The eVTOL aircraft. C．The first test flight. D．Traveling by car. 16．What is the speed of the eVTOL aircraft per hour? A．60 kilometers. B．120 kilometers. C．200 kilometers. D．250 kilometers. 17．Which are some possible uses for low-altitude flights in the future? ① low-air tourism      ② delivery      ③ fishing industry     ④ farming A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 18．What’s the main theme of the passage? A．Sports. B．Culture. C．Technology. D．Health. （2024·山东德州·二模） ①Have you ever visited any traditional Chinese gardens? They look like more natural sights than some Westerne-Gardens. They have a long history. As early as 1500, there were two main types of gardens: imperial (皇亲的) gardens and private gardens. Imperial gardens were for the use of the emperor and his family. Private gardens were built by important officials or wealthy businessmen. Both types of gardens were built for hunting and resting. ②The Summer Palace in Beijing is the most famous imperial garden in China. It covers about 3,000,000 m², three quarters of which is water. It’s called Kunming Lake. People can take a 10-minute boat ride to visit an island temple (庙宇), watch a traditional Chinese performance, enjoy the different buildings and courtyard. The garden is home to over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 400,000 plants. Besides, there are more than 40,000 valuable works from each ancient period. With such a rich collection, the garden is known as the “Imperial Garden Museum.” ③As for private gardens, the most famous one is the Humble Administrator’s Garden (拙政园) in Suzhou. It has an area of only 41,000 m². It is quite small compared to im-perial gardens, but it’s beautiful. When you are standing in any corner of the garden, it all looks like a lifelike picture. And the whole garden looks different in different seasons. ④The traditional Chinese gardens have been designed to look naturally formed. Mountains and waters, trees and flowers, houses and towers are well-organized. They don’t look crowded together at all. In fact, Chinese gardens are in some ways very much like traditional Chinese sight paintings. The two have influenced and developed alongside one another. Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture. 19．How many kinds of traditional Chinese gardens are mentioned? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. 20．What makes the Summer Palace called the Imperial Garden Museum? A．Its large areas. B．Its ancient buildings. C．Its valuable plants. D．Its rich collection. 21．What can we know about traditional Chinese gardens? A．The things in the gardens were not formed properly. B．The private gardens in Suzhou are famous for the size. C．They are different from Chinese traditional sight paintings. D．They were mainly built for the owners to hunt and rest. 22．What’s the best structure of the passage? A．①②③/④ B．①/②③④ C．①/②③/④ D．①/②/③④ 23．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history and types of traditional Chinese gardens. B．The influence of traditional Chinese paintings on garden design. C．The differences between imperial and private gardens in China. D．The beauty and cultural importance of traditional Chinese gardens. （2024·山东青岛·二模）Sleep is important to teenagers because it plays an important role in their physical and mental development. So how many hours of sleep does a teenager need? Age group Age range Recommended hours of sleep every 24 hours School age 6—12 years 9—12 hours Teen 13—18 years 8—10 hours Adult over 18 years old 7 hours or more A recent report shows that many teenagers in America are not getting the recommended amount of sleep. Here are the results. Why is it hard for teens to get good sleep? There is no single reason. Instead, several factors (因素) relate to this problem. One of them is late bedtime and early school start times. Now, more and more teenagers are developing a habit of being “a night owl”, staying up later at night and sleeping longer into the morning. If allowed to sleep as they wish, many teens would get eight hours or more a night, but most school start times require them to wake up much earlier in the morning. The use of electronic devices (设备) like the smartphone and computer is another factor. Research has found that 89% or more of teens keep at least one device in their bedroom at night. Screen time late into the evening can cause sleep problems. Using these devices can keep teens excited and unable to fall asleep. And being in the light from smartphones also makes people feel less sleepy. So teens should improve their sleep environment and habits to get better sleep. Here are some tips. ◆ Get eight hours of sleep a night on weekdays and weekends. ◆Put away electronic devices at least half an hour before bed. ★ ◆Keep the bedroom cool, dark and quiet. 24．How many hours should 11-year-old Lucy sleep each night? A．7 hours or more. B．8—10 hours. C．9—12 hours. D．13—18 hours. 25．What can we learn from the results of that report? A．70% of high school boys can get enough sleep. B．40% of middle school students don’t sleep well. C．3 out of 10 high schoolers cannot get enough sleep. D．6 out of 10 middle schoolers do not get enough sleep. 26．What does the underlined part “a night owl” probably mean? A．A person who stays up late. B．A person who likes studying animals. C．A person who enjoys night views. D．A person who lives in the wild. 27．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．Reply quickly to unread messages. B．Keep them on silent mode during the night. C．Do some activities before bed to relax your body. D．Avoid coffee, especially in the afternoon and evening. 28．The main purpose of this passage is to ________. A．call on people to pay attention to teenagers’ sleep B．tell something about American teenagers’ sleep C．show how smartphones influence the teenagers’ sleep D．give the reason why teenagers go to bed late （2024·山东临沂·二模）It might sound like magic, but in February, a paralyzed (瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain. The glove then acted as his hand. This was a success in BMI technology made by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors. BMI means creating a connection between the human brain and external devices (外部设备), making communication between the brain and computers. For paralyzed people, BMI can allow them to move and do simple things by themselves. On Oct 24, 2023, the team put a BMI chip (芯片) in the patient’s head. It can receive neural signals (神经信号) from the brain. After three months of home training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water on his own. BMI technology usually means putting chips directly onto the patient’s brain. However, only a tiny cut is made on the patient’s head to make sure the patient’s brain is not harmed. It also uses a wireless power supply (无线电源), so the device doesn’t need a battery. Li Yuanning from Shanghai Tech University told CCTV News that BMI is now mainly used in the medical field. It can help to improve the lives of people with brain-related problems or speech problems. In the future, if will be used in other fields. In China, BMI technology is still in the early period of research, with no products on the market yet. Some people are worried that tests may influence patients’ independence and even who they are. Some people are worried whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is going on when they agree to take part in the test. 29．According to the passage, BMI is ______. A．a communication between the paralyzed patient and his brain B．a special glove acting as a hand C．a connection between the human brain and external devices 30．What does “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)? A．The BMI chip. B．The team. C．The patient’s head. 31．Which of the following is TRUE? A．BMI can help paralyzed people do everything freely. B．BMI can not only be used in medical field, but also in other fields. C．You can buy BMI products on the markets now. 32．What’s the passage mainly talking about? A．People make some progress in BMI technology. B．BMI technology is popular now. C．Many people are worried about BMI technology. （2024·山东日照·二模）Buck Marchinton, is a wildlife biologist who plays an important role in DNR’s Private Lands Program. Buck builds partnerships with private landowners across North Georgia to develop management practices that are good for both wildlife and landowners. Buck’s method is to work closely with landowners to provide educational service, habitat (栖息地) studies and special conservation plans. His final goal is to help landowners become real managers of their lands and create a better coexistence (共存) between humans and wildlife. Buck’s interest in biology began early on, inspired by his father’s love for the natural world. He continued this interest in higher education and studied biology. Buck received his bachelor’s degree from the university. Along the way, he developed a deep love for the outdoors. With his passion for wildlife protection, Buck set out on a task to make a difference in protecting wildlife for nearly 30 years, working first in Florida, and later returning to Georgia. “If I had any advice to give to someone showing interest in this job, I would tell them that before they get in too deep, they need to be certain that this is the job they want to take. It’s not really something people just fall into. We are told to do this if we can’t see ourselves doing anything else, and in some degree that’s true, but we always have a choice.” Buck is recently working on a management plan in Dawson County with a landowner who had an interest in having quail (鹌鹑) on his land. However, the land is not a suitable habitats for quail because of nearly monthly flooding (洪水) and being covered with trees that the landowner is not allowed to cut. Buck has instead advised the landowner to think about woodcocks, a kind of bird that can grow on the present land. This solution provides the landowner with an easier way to less land manipulation (改造) for a species (物种) that would not fit this land. Thanks to Buck’s scientific spirits, he continues to shape a brighter tomorrow where humans and wildlife can better live with each other. He shows us that with love and effort, his final goal is within reach. 33．Why does Buck build partnerships with private landowners? A．To provide landowners with better education. B．To make the private farmlands better. C．To build more proper habitats for wildlife. D．To achieve a double-win management method. 34．What made Buck study biology at university at first? A．His father’s influence. B．His course requirements. C．His love for the outdoors. D．His love for the wildlife. 35．What does Buck really mean by his words in Paragraph 3? A．More people should study biology. B．Think twice before choosing biology. C．Learning biology faces many difficulties. D．Biology is an interesting course for students. 36．What can Buck’s recent project prevent? A．Larger number of quail. B．Monthly flooding. C．Overcutting of trees. D．Unnecessary cost. （2024·山东泰安·二模） New research studying 20 years of ocean information has found that our oceans have changed the color. This also means a great change in the ecosystems (生态系统) of the oceans that is likely caused by human activities. For tens of years, satellites (卫星) have been watching the color of Earth’s oceans and collecting information on the color of light reflecting (反射) off the water. Especially one of the satellites, the Aqua satellite has recently completed 20 years of collecting high-quality global ocean-color information. A new study has examined this information and found changes in ocean color over the past 20 years that cannot be explained by natural, year-to-year variability (可变性) alone. “I’ve been running models to study the ocean color. The models have been telling me for years that these changes in ocean color are going to happen,” said Stephanie Dutkiewicz, one of the study’s writers. “To actually see it happening for real is not surprising. But I am scared that these changes are probably caused by human’s activities.” The ocean’s color shows the life that lives in the water. Generally, deep blue water has very little life. However, greener water means there are ecosystems, mainly plankton (浮游生物). Without plankton, many oceanic food webs would break down. This will greatly impact the sea life and humans who depend on fish for food. “The color of our oceans has changed,” said Dutkiewicz. “And we can’t say how. But we can say that changes in color show changes in plankton communities. Plankton communities are the foundation (基础) of everything that feeds on plankton. So, we hope people take this seriously.” Next up, Dutkiewicz will try to better understand the color changes in different ocean areas, as well as looking into what might be causing them. 37．What does the underlined word “This” mean in Paragraph 1? A．New research studying 20 years of ocean information. B．Our oceans have changed the color. C．That is likely caused by human activities. D．The advantages of the study. 38．How did Dutkiewicz feel about the changes in the color of oceans according to the third paragraph? A．Disappointed. B．Scared. C．Surprised. D．Interested. 39．By which the underlined word “impact” can be replaced in Paragraph 4? A．杀死 B．污染 C．影响 D．毁坏 40．What may Dutkiewicz continue to study according to the last paragraph? A．The ecosystems in different ocean areas. B．The results of changes in ocean color. C．The reasons for changes in ocean color. D．The different plankton in the big oceans. （2024·山东济南·二模）As climate change brings dangers to people, we are now facing another problem—underground climate change. It is reported from a research team from Northwestern University, US that with the development of cities, the rising underground temperature is causing the ground to heat up and deform (变形). In the last three years, the team had put more than 150 temperature sensors (感应器) under Chicago. The places include subway tunnels, underground parking lots and basements (地下室) of buildings. The temperatures they recorded were surprising. For example, air temperatures in underground structures can be up to 25℃ higher compared to the undisturbed ground temperature. After collecting data in Chicago, the team created computer models to see how temperatures will influence the ground until 2051. When heated, some soft materials may contract (收缩), and other materials, such as stone, may expand (膨胀) in size. The models showed that warmer temperatures can cause the ground to expand upward by as much as 1.2 centimeters, or sink downward by as much as 0.8 centimeters. This may even cause the ground to crack (开裂), leaving people who live and work above in dangerous situations. “The effects can be very bad, but it takes a long time to see them.” Rotta Loria, who led the study, said in a report. As scientists have already known a lot about underground climate change, future plans for cities should take it into consideration. Materials that take in heat can be used to keep the heat from entering the ground. The team also pointed out that the rising temperature could be seen as an opportunity. City planners can try to collect heat underground and send it above for heating. 41．Which of the following is the undisturbed ground? A．Basements. B．Tunnels. C．Public parks. D．Underground parking lots. 42．Because of the rising underground temperature, what may happen? A．Soft materials may expand in size. B．The underground buildings may contract. C．More earthquakes may take place. D．More changes in the ground may happen. 43．What can we do to avoid the underground climate change? A．The materials that can take in heat should be used. B．The number of people who take the underground should be limited. C．Fans should be fixed in the ground. D．More sensors can be put in the ground to record the temperature. 44．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．The longest journey begins with the first step. B．Rome was not built in a day. C．One should look at the problem in two ways. D．Provide for a rainy day. 45．Where is the text most probably from? A．A guide book. B．A science book. C．A story book. D．A sports newspaper. （2024·山东枣庄·二模）After work, you go back home, open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered (递送) to your home. This is what many young people do in China these days. According to the latest report from the China Internet Network Information Center, 421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services. It is half of the total number of Internet users in China. Which group of people is ordering food online the most? For sure, it is mainly young people. A recent report that was published by the China Hospitality Association and Meituan, a food delivery service, showed that 86.3 percent of the service’s users are between 20 and 34 years old. These people, are the main force driving the development of the food delivery industry. Small families rely largely on food delivery services. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, Chinese families have changed in size over the past ten years. In 2002, only 7.7 percent of families have only one person. But this number increased to 15.6 percent in 2017. The percentage of two-person families rose from 18.4 in 2002 to 27.2 in 2017. For small families, cooking always takes a lot of time and energy, so ordering food online has become more popular. The improvement of China’s food delivery services has also made more customers interested. According to Meituan’s report, the average (平均的) time it takes to make a food delivery dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2020. Many delivery platforms are also offering more services, delivering products such as fruit, vegetables, medicine and even flowers. As their services continue to improve, it’s certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future. 46．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Food delivery has developed rapidly. B．More and more people will live in small families. C．Most Internet users like to order food on Meituan. D．Food delivery is popular with young people. 47．The underlined word “rely” in the passage has the same meaning as “________”. A．come B．depend C．work D．rest 48．What’s the best title for this passage? A．China’s food delivery industry is growing. B．Fewer people in China like home cooking. C．The number of Internet users in China is rising. D．Food delivery services bring people convenience. （2024·山东济南·二模）① A tree has roots (根). People have roots, too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It’s the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unknown word and you will understand where it came from. ② As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探) who are just looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge (判断) the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means. ③ As you know, prefixes (前缀) and suffixes (后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective. ④ Let’s look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it? ● If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying. ● If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. ● If you have no alternative, you have no other choice. ⑤ Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back. 49．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to (所指)? A．The situation. B．The crime scene. C．A new and difficult word. D．Everything that is known. 50．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”? A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time. C．Their parents pay for them. D．They take turns to pay. 51．How does the writer explain his ideas about root words? A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example. C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion. 52．“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root? A．My brother is my senior by two years. B．He was ill so he was absent from school. C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D．60 students were present at the sports meeting. 53．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． （2024·山东济南·二模） The top-selling album (唱片), Songs of the Humpback Whale, was made public in 1970. This collection of nature recordings changed the way many people thought about whales, and it helped save thousands of whales. The album might never have been made without a sound engineer named Frank Watlington. In the 1960s, Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange, deep sounds. He realized they were coming from whales. Watlington played the recordings for a pair of scientists named Roger Payne and Katy Payne. When they listened, they fell in love with these beautiful voices at once. Katy Payne studied music as well as animals, and she was greatly surprised by how the whales communicated using sounds like an opera singer. She also noticed another interesting fact: the sounds had clear patterns. According to scientists, an animal sound with a repeating pattern is called a song. Some scientists even compared these singing animals to musicians. The Payne thought that other people should also hear the beauty of the whales’ songs. So Roger made the recordings into an album. The time when the album came out, whales were often caught, killed and traded for money. Some kinds were even in danger of dying out. Most people had never thought that whales could communicate through songs. But after hearing the album, they began to think differently. The album led people to take action to save whales. Musicians began using whale songs in their music, and whales were included in movies and television shows. In 1982, a ban to stop deep-sea whaling was made. Before it, in the 1950s and 1960s, more than fifty thousand whales per year were killed. After it, the number went down below two thousand. It might seem impossible that just one album could help save the lives of so many whales. But this album told people secrets about whales that had long been hidden under the sea. It allowed whales to finally share their songs with the human world. 54．Who first found the special voices of the whales? A．A song recorder. B．A sound engineer. C．An animal scientist. D．An opera singer. 55．What fact about the whales surprised Katy Payne? A．They could sing operas. B．They could repeat interesting sounds. C．They could communicate through clear sound patterns. D．They could exchange information with an opera singer. 56．Roger and Katy Payne made this album to ________. A．save the whales B．help musicians learn how to sing C．make other people think deeply D．make whales’ songs heard by more people 57．Which is one of the values of the album? A．It successfully helped to cut down deep-sea whaling. B．It encouraged musicians to work with scientists. C．It made some music and movie stars popular. D．It helped whales become more popular with movie directors. 58．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To tell people to communicate with whales. B．To tell how a good album was made. C．To show that whales are born singers. D．To introduce an album and its stories. （2024·山东潍坊·二模） The Yellow River is known as the mother river of the Chinese people. However, flood control and disaster forecasts (灾害预报) of the river have always been challenging for people. Now, scientists can better work on these problems by giving the river a digital twin. The digital twin of the Yellow River uses different kinds of technologies, including big data, artificial intelligence and the internet of things. Devices(设备)are set up along the river to collect and transmit (传送) information to the center. Based on the information, a 3D model of the river is showed on the computer screen. It’s like the Yellow River has a twin that describes its real conditions. One big thing in the digital governance (治理) is “smart stones”. A smart stone is a detector (探测器) with chips, a battery, and a signal transmitter. They are put in important dikes (堤坝) to record and report the movement of dike stones. If it feels any movement of the dikes stones, it will send an alarm to the center for quick response. In the sky, there are flying drones (无人机). They are designed to look at the river, its dikes and flood prevention projects. The drones provide researchers with photos and information. The researchers use this information to update a 3D model to watch the changes of water to avoid disasters. Under the water and up in the sky, intelligent systems are helping to protect the Yellow River. According to the Ministry of Water Resources, in the future, we can expect to see an even more complete digital system for the river. 59．What does the digital twin of the Yellow River do? A．To warn people to protect Yellow River. B．To improve flood control and disaster prevention. C．To do research with the history of the Yellow River. D．To collect and transmit information to tourist center. 60．What are “smart stones” in this system used to do? A．To repair the dikes along the river. B．To prevent the dike stones moving into the river. C．To monitor and report the movement of dike stones. D．To send pictures of the stones along the dikes to the center. 61．How do flying drones work above the Yellow River? A．They update 3D model to avoid disasters. B．They tell weather changes along the river. C．They send photos and information to researchers. D．They watch the dikes but flood prevention projects. 62．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The Yellow River is the origin of Chinese culture. B．The digital twin is helping protect the Yellow River better. C．The Yellow River will avoid disasters with the digital twin. D．The Yellow River is facing flood and disasters all the time. （2024·山东青岛·二模） Historical Records makes history come alive for readers Reading history books can let us learn from great people in history and live better. A history book that you can’t miss is Historical Records, or Shiji. Historical Records is the first biographical (传记) general history of China. Sima Qian, an official during the Western Han Dynasty (206BC—AD24) wrote it. The work records the events beginning with the famous Yellow Emperor and ending with the first years of the Han Wudi period, covering around 3, 000 years. In this book, I really like how the writer describes different people. For example, there’s Da Yu, the founder of the Xia Dynasty. He tried so hard to stop a big flood that he refused to enter his home while passing by three times. His selflessness really touched me. I also hope to be a great person like Da Yu. There are also two legendary farmers, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. They stood up and led a group of people against the tyrannical (残暴的) Qin Dynasty. They won against the Qin and led the way for the Han Dynasty. Their story shows that every human, whatever their birth, can become something great if he tried his best. When I read this book, I could see how Sima Qian made the characters come alive with his words. This makes the book filled with strong feelings of love and hate, and I love the stories. 63．What is the Historical Records, or Shiji, known as in the passage, and who wrote it? A．The First Book of China, written by Chen Sheng. B．The First Biography of China, written by Sima Qian. C．The Great Records of China, written by Wu Guang. D．The Ancient Chronicles, written by Da Yu 64．What does the underlined word selfnessness mean in Chinese? A．无私 B．不孝 C．自私 D．冷酷 65．What’s the main lesson from the story of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang? A．Only rich people can achieve great things. B．The story doesn’t teach any lessons. C．Only those with a powerful family can achieve greatness. D．Anyone, no matter where they come from, can achieve great things with effort. 66．Which of the following is TURE according to the passage? A．Historical Records covers events from the Tang Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty. B．Sima Qian, a farmer during the Western Han Dynasty, wrote Historical Records. C．Historical Records is the first biographical general history of China. D．The stories in Historical Records focus on farmers like Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. 67．Why do we read “Historical Records” or “Shiji” according to the passage? A．To learn about today’s Chinese politics. B．To know about great people and live better. C．To read made-up stories about old China. D．To study the history of the Western Han Dynasty. （2024·山东菏泽·二模） How would you like to build a time machine? Paper, sticks, glue and string are all you need. Put them together to build a kite. A kite connects you to the past. No one knows who flew the first kite. It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia. Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish. Starting 2,000 years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth. In China, people also used kites during wartime. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away. About 1,300 years ago, Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there. Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields. They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain. Over time, kites flew their way out of Asia. Today, kites are a passion all over the world. Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun. Over the years, kites have also helped people understand the natural world. In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do. Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes. The Wright brothers studied how kites flew, which helped them make the first successful airplane. Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air, people have loved flying kites. Kites give us ways to celebrate, relax and explore. So go to fly a kite! Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries. 68．Which country used kites to make good wishes? A．China and Japan. B．China and Thailand. C．Japan and Indonesia. 69．According to the Chinese story, the army used kites to ________ A．make the enemies leave in fear B．celebrate victories during wartime C．stop the enemies from sleeping well 70．How does the writer develop Paragraph 5? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. 71．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To show people how to fly kites. B．To explain how kites are used in science. C．To introduce the roles of kites in history. （2024·山东青岛·二模） As temperatures rise during the hot summer months, humans find ways to stay cool. But how do our animal friends manage the heat? Let’s take a look at how animals stay cool during hot summers. One animal that often catches our hearts is the cute giant panda. They spend most of their time in shade (阴凉处) or sitting comfortably in the water, not only to stay cool but also to keep their thick fur (毛皮) wet. Pandas also depend on a special circulatory system (循环系统) that allows them to manage their body temperature more efficiently. They breathe and sweat (出汗) through their paws, which helps them lose heat and stay cool. In zoos, where different kinds of animals from different climates live together, keepers must make sure that their care remains comfortable during hot weather. They use different ways such as providing plenty of shade and misting systems (雾化系统) to create cooling environments. For large mammals (哺乳动物) like elephants, keepers use water holes to help manage their body temperatures. For creatures that cannot depend on shade or water to stay cool, they have developed other ways to beat the heat. Some animals, like birds, have the ability to manage their body temperature by opening their beaks (喙) rapidly, allowing heat to escape. They may also look for cool spots within their living places, such as shady trees or underground holes. Small mammals find smart ways to avoid overheating as well. They may be more active during the cooler hours day or night, allowing them to avoid the hottest parts of the day. Some species also experience aestivation (夏眠) digging deep into the ground where temperatures are lower. In conclusion, animals use a series of fascinating methods to beat the heat during hot summer months. Different species have developed own special ways to cool. The next time you visit a zoo, enjoy the remarkable ways they stay comfortable and cool even in the hottest of summers. 72．Which can help giant pandas stay cool in hot summer according to the text? A．A special misting system. B．Search for food and play at night. C．A special circulatory system. D．Breathe and sweat through their fur. 73．Why do keepers in zoos provide misting systems? A．To improve working conditions. B．To make water holes for animals. C．To get used to different climates. D．To give animals a cool environment. 74．If we keep a pet, what can we learn from Tips for Warm Weather? A．Never give it a ride in our car. B．Never let it do outdoor exercise. C．Use our sunscreen to protect it. D．Prevent its paws from hot surfaces. 75．How do small mammals beat the heat? A．Go outside at a cooler time. B．Keep their thick fur wet. C．Dig holes to drink more water. D．Open their beaks rapidly. 76．What is the best title of the passage? A．What animals do in hot summer. B．How animals stay cool in hot summer. C．What animal keepers do in the zoo. D．How animal keepers look after animals. （2024·山东济宁·二模）The French artist Georges Seurat created many paintings in his short lifetime, among which A Sunday Afternoon on La Grande Jatte is the most famous one. People are attracted by this painting for three reasons. First, Seurat created this painting in a new way called “pointillism (点彩画法)”, which used small points of paint. By putting two colors next to each other, people could see a third color. Second, this painting is full of details (细节) about French life in the 1880s. There are several women wearing nice clothes and carrying parasols (遮阳伞). One woman is even walking a monkey. Others are enjoying themselves dancing and singing. Many of the men are dressed up with jackets and hats. And we can see dogs running around and children playing. There are boats on the water. It looks like a perfect summer day. Third, this painting makes people feel very calm. Even though a park like this could be a noisy place, Seurat makes it feel peaceful. He paints people sitting quietly in the shade (阴凉处). There is a girl smelling the flowers. She looks so beautiful. People in the painting are relaxing themselves on the cool, green grass and enjoying a beautiful day. It took Seurat two years to finish this beautiful painting. People are thankful that he completed it. It is a very peculiar painting because of Seurat’s use of pointillism, his attention to details, and the peaceful feeling he created. In a word, there are so many people who like this painting. 77．Why were people interested in his painting at first? A．Many girls were picking flowers. B．Many children were playing on a boat. C．Seurat drew the picture with three different colors. D．People had never seen paintings in this style before. 78．Which of the following picture is mentioned in the passage? A． B． C． D． 79．Which of the following can be seen in this painting? ①Some old men.  ②Boats on the water.  ③Several women wearing beautiful clothes.  ④Some dogs playing around a tree.  ⑤Some people sitting in the shade. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①③⑤ D．②③⑤ 80．What is the passage mainly about? A．It mainly talks about pointillism used in the painting. B．It mainly talks about the French artist Georges Seurat. C．It mainly talks about how the writer feels about the painting. D．It mainly talks about Georges’ painting style and why people like his painting. （2024·山东济宁·二模）“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friends are important to us. Friends help us get through hard times. Friends also influence us a lot. Let’s enjoy two poems about friendship. To Wang Lun I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go When suddenly on shore your farewell songs o’er flow However deep the Lake of Peach Blossoms (桃花) may be It is not so deep, Wang Lun! As your love for me A Time to Talk (By Robert Frost) When a friend calls to me from the road And slows his horse to a meaning walk, I don’t stand still and look around. On all the hills I haven’t hoed (锄地) And shout from where I am, what is it? No, not as there is a time to talk. I push my hoe in the ground, Blade (锄头)-end up and five feet tall And I go up to the stone wall For a friendly visit. Both poems are famous in their cultures, but they tell different stories. Li Bai described the scene (场景) of his friend seeing him off. US poet Robert Frost wrote about a friend’s visit when he was working. Li made a comparison. His poem shows the friendship between him and his friend is deeper than the deep water. Frost’s poem, on the other hand, tells the readers that we should stop what we are doing to talk with our friends. It tells us that nothing should get in the way of spending time with friends. The language is simple but sincere (真诚的). 81．What are friends in the passage? ①Friends are not in need.  ②Friends are important to us.  ③Friends influence us a lot.  ④Friends help us get through hard times. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 82．What is deeper than the Lake of Peach Blossoms in the first poem? A．Friendship. B．Culture. C．Meaning. D．Comparison. 83．What does the underlined part “get in the way of” mean? A．在路上 B．顺便说一下 C．阻碍，妨碍 D．用这种方式 84．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The end of the friendship. B．The writers of the poems. C．The comparison of people. D．The analysis (分析) of the poems’ theme. （2024·山东临沂·二模） We can see circles, squares and triangles (三角形) everywhere in our daily life. Have you thought about their meanings in films? Much like colors, different shapes can show different features of characters in the scenes. Circles represent (代表) things that are soft and natural. The round shape reminds us of things that appear in nature, like the sun, flowers, raindrops and so on. We can also connect circles with beautiful eyes, babies’ round faces. All these things make us feel happy and warm. This is why so many cartoon characters’ bodies—heroes, kids, good people—are round in shape, because circles represent goodness, happiness and friendliness. Squares show things that are unnatural or man-made, or things that are boring or old-fashioned. In Up, Carl, an elderly man, has a square face and wears square glasses, while Russell is an 8-year-old boy with a round face. These shapes show the characters’ personalities. Carl is stubborn (执拗的) and lonely, while Russell is lovely and full of energy. The angriest shape is the triangle. Every kid who draws a monster (怪兽) with sharp teeth draws a row of triangles, don’t they? That’s because the shape represents fear, distrust and doubt in some way. Look at the bad guys in cartoons——they are all drawn with plenty of points and triangles, like Shengongbao in Ne Zha. And triangles are stable (稳固的) and don’t easily fall down. In films, this feature makes bad people difficult to deal with. Not only in cartoons, but also in other kinds of films, different shapes are used for the same purpose. So, next time you see a film, try to find the hidden shapes and you will know what the characters are like. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 85．How does the writer connect squares with personalities of cartoon characters? A．telling a story B．giving an example C．showing the results of a study 86．Which of the following cartoon character might be lovely and friendly? A．Shengongbao in Ne Zha. B．A boy named Russell in Up. C．An elderly man called Carl in Up. 87．Which of the following is the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraphl) A． B． C． 88．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．What different shapes stand for in films. B．What makes heroes in films fascinating. C．How to make cartoons with different colors and shapes. （2024·山东日照·二模）Nowadays, more and more Chinese people go abroad to study, and they face many challenges. Because life abroad is so different from China, they need to get used to it. The first challenge is diet (饮食), because every country eats differently. As for breakfast, most westerners enjoy a simple breakfast as bread, eggs, bacon, orange juice or coffee. However, breakfast in China is usually very delicious, and people in the morning eat more intense flavors, such as porridge, steamed buns and noodles. Many people go out for breakfast on their way to work or school. Street vendors open their doors early and sell food to students passing by or people going to work—often at very low prices. After that is lunch and dinner. In China, people eat together, so there are many dishes. In a foreign country, each eats his own food. And there are big differences in the cooking process. Westerners usually only cook, fry, roast and roast, while Chinese people use more cooking methods, such as steaming, stewing, frying, stewing and drying. Chinese usually fry food in animal or peanut oil. Westerners use butter, sunflower oil and olive oil. It’s a very big challenge for young people. This allows people to learn to accept different foods and to get used to them. This allows them not to be picky (挑剔的) about what they eat, but to eat everything. They can also exercise their ability to cook. In China, students have classes very early every day. Many studies begin at six o’clock. In foreign countries, classes are usually at eight or nine. And school ends at three in the afternoon, so foreign students have more time to do their own thing. They can choose their own interests, such as football, soccer and tennis. They can be very relaxed. 89．What is the difference between Chinese and westerns in eating breakfast? A．Westerners like making their breakfast simple. B．Chinese people usually have a quicker breakfast. C．Chinese people prefer going out for breakfast. D．Westerners usually have breakfast at home. 90．What can the different diets encourage Chinese people abroad to do? A．To put their food to good use. B．To cook their own food. C．To better manage their eating time. D．To spread Chinese food. 91．Why do foreign students feel more relaxed after school? A．They have less homework. B．They have more hobbies. C．They have shorter school time. D．They have less stress. 92．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Advice on studying abroad. B．Different school lives. C．Challenges of studying abroad. D．Advantages of studying abroad. （2024·山东日照·二模）The world is full of wonders, only if we open our eyes to see them. Millions of people around the world have been working together to honor the wonders in the nature. They chose their favorite places by voting (投票) by people around the world. The final list of the New Seven Wonders of Nature finally came out. Let’s take a look at some.The Amazon Rainforest Covering an area of 2.1 million square miles and running across nine different countries, it becomes the largest rainforest in the world. A single hectare (1,000 m²) of Amazon rainforest contains about 900 tons of living plants, including more than 750 types of trees and 1,500 other plants because of the enough rain around the year. It has long been described as the “Lungs of our Planet”. This is because its plants continuously recycle carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into oxygen (氧气). About 20 percent of the Earth’s oxygen is produced by the Amazon rainforest.Komodo National Park Indonesia Komodo National Park is made up of three larger islands and 26 smaller ones, with a total area of 733km², of which 603km² is land. The park was built to protect the endangered Komodo dragon, which can be as long as three meters and weigh over 70kg. The park also includes one of the world’s richest marine (海洋的) environments. No wonder that one of the most popular tourist activities in the park is diving (潜水). In the past, tourists were allowed to give food to Komodo dragon, but now this activity has been canceled.Table Mountain, South Africa From its name, you can tell that the mountain must look like a big table. Exactly, the mountain is steep (陡峭的) but the top is so flat (平的). People say that it’s as if the gods themselves put this mountain into place so they could drink and eat on it. The gods even have tablecloth—the cloud over the top of the mountain. 93．Why is The Amazon Rainforest called the “Lungs of our Planet”? A．It’s the world’s largest rainforest. B．It owns the largest number of plants. C．It has enough rain all year round. D．It produces a lot of oxygen. 94．Which is NOT true of Komodo National Park? A．It is made up of 29 islands. B．It is used to protect the Komodo dragon. C．It provides undersea activities. D．It allows giving food to Komodo dragon. 95．How does Table Mountain get its name? A．From its special location. B．From the shape of its top. C．From an ancient fairy story. D．From its famous local food. （2024·山东菏泽·二模）Do you like to follow influencers (网红)? They are getting more and more popular these years. Now lots of people like to follow them when they are selling something online. However, influencers may not say what they really think about the things that they sell. They are only interested in selling more things to get more money. So, things people get may be different from what they expect. France has made some rules for influencers in the past few months. Influencers need to let people know that they are selling things. They mustn’t sell cigarettes or alcohol. Also, they shouldn’t ask people to join in betting (赌博), such as sports betting. As for makeup, they can use a filter (滤镜) to make things look better if they let people know. There are about 150,000 influencers in France. The rules worry many of them. If they break any of the rules, then they can end up in prison (监狱) for at most two years. They may also pay about 300,000 euros (about 2,300,000 yuan). France is the first European country to have such rules. It wants influencers to stop bringing problems to Internet users, especially the younger ones. 96．What are the influencers really interested in? A．Being popular. B．Selling things. C．Getting more money. 97．What can the influencers in France do? A．Sell cigarettes. B．Sell alcohol. C．Sell makeup without filter. 98．How many years can the influencers end up in prison for if they break any of the rules? A．Two years. B．At most two years. C．At least two years. 99．What can you learn from this passage? A．The influencers will get more and more popular in the future. B．Influencers should follow the rules and stop bringing problems to Internet users. C．We don’t need influencers any more. （2024·山东威海·二模）Writing a wish-list to parents and waiting to open presents—festivals are often about enjoying treats. Although it can be fun, it’s easy to overlook other people in all the excitement. Did you know that giving to others could actually make you happier? Giving means offering something free to a family member, a friend, a stranger or a whole community. Choosing a thoughtful gift is one common way to give during some festivals, but giving is about much more than presents. “Giving isn’t just about physical things; it can be something as simple as giving your time to people,” explains Georgina Bennett from the organization Action for Children. “For example, helping family and friends with jobs around the house or helping an elderly neighbor cross the street is giving too.” ①Scientists have found that pleasure centers in our brain become active when we give to others. ②“Giving can increase our happiness,” explains Bennett. ③According to some scientists, people who give to others report greater happiness than those who treat themselves. ④Giving can also help us feel more connected to other people. Now you may want to give to others, but how? “There are lots of things that you can do. They may not cost anything or the cost may be really small,” advises Bennett. “For example, giving your time by playing with younger relatives or helping with the family pet. Baking (烘焙), writing letters to loved ones or donating (捐赠) toys and clothes are other ways to give during some festivals. Even simple things like giving food you no longer need to your local food bank can make a really big difference.” 100．What does the underlined word “overlook” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．期待 B．审视 C．忽略 101．What is the purpose of the writer by using Bennett’s words in Paragraph 2? A．To show that giving comes in different forms. B．To tell how to choose gifts for different people. C．To explain the reason why people give to others. 102．Which of the following is probably the structure of Paragraph 3? A． B． C． 103．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Possible ways to give to others. B．Why donating things is popular. C．The influence of giving to others. 104．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Enjoy Giving. B．To Give or to Get. C．The Power of Happiness. （2024·山东济宁·二模）It’s hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don’t have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050. One reason for this is climate (气候) change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected data (数据) from 27 countries that produce 86 percent of the world’s bananas. They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield (平均产量) has reached 1. 37 tons of bananas per hectare (公顷). However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world’s biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out. Shouldn’t bananas grow more easily if it’s hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range (范围) for growing bananas is between 24℃ and 32℃. If temperatures get too high, they will stop growing. Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other plants, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings (茎段) rather than seeds (种子). This means that all banana plants have the same genotype (基因型). In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all. One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus (真菌) in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease. 105．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．A banana tastes great. B．A banana is a much-loved fruit. C．A banana will die out in 30 years. D．A banana is convenient to be eaten. 106．From the passage, we can learn that _______. A．bananas grow from seeds instead of shoot cutting B．the higher the temperature is, the better bananas will grow C．in the last few years, the average yield of bananas has increased D．Panama has killed all the bananas in some areas like South Asia 107．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The advice of growing bananas. B．The difficulties of growing bananas. C．The perfect conditions of growing bananas. D．The reasons for the disappearance of bananas. 108．How is the passage organized? A． B． C． D． （2024·山东德州·二模）How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English or do you have to use your first language? Do you count on your fingers? Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true. People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people begin counting with their first finger. They then extend (伸出) the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people count by using different finger positions. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand. Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers. For example, the aboriginal people (原住居民) in Australia don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don’t even have words for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers. Similarly, people of the Piraha tribe (皮拉哈部落) in northwestern Brazil don’t have words for numbers such as “one” or “three”. They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees” but can say “some trees”, “more trees” or “many trees”. Professor Edward Gibson from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology said that most people believe that everyone knows how to count, “But here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but it’s not useful in their culture, so they’ve never picked it up.” 109．Why does the writer list the four questions at the beginning of the passage? A．To make a survey. B．To interest the readers. C．To give examples. D．To interview the readers. 110．According to Paragraph 2, what is the difference between the US and China in finger counting? A．People from China count much faster than people from the US. B．People from the US usually begin counting with their thumb. C．People from China use finger positions to do counting. D．People from the US use only one hand to count from one to ten. 111．People of the Piraha tribe are from ________. A．the US B．Brazil C．Australia D．Asia 112．Which of the following is TRUE about aboriginal Australians? A．There are ideas of numbers in their life. B．There is no “some trees” in their language. C．They have only a few words for numbers. D．They have hand movements for numbers. 113．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Chinese people are good at counting. B．Counting quickly on fingers is not easy. C．Counting is difficult to learn in some tribes. D．People don’t need numbers in some cultures. （2024·山东潍坊·二模）According to a recent study, the Middle East is warming almost twice as fast as the rest of the world. Without a doubt, high temperatures will have deep influences on the development of the area. That shows the growing risk to humans caused by extreme (极端的) weather. With more and more extreme weather events, we must find better techniques to make predictions (预测) about them.   AI is a powerful tool. It can deal with information and provide advice to help us better understand and make predictions about the weather. Traditional weather models use information from satellites (卫星). But these models have their disadvantages: they are not very exact. They also fail to discover complex conditions of the air around the earth.         AI can overcome (克服) these disadvantages by using the technology of deep learning. It can learn from historical and real-time information and produce trustworthy predictions. AI can also deal with information from different places, such as satellite photos or online posts, to provide clearer pictures of the weather situation. A paper on the Pangu-Weather AI model has drawn a lot of attention. Pangu-Weather is the first AI prediction model that is more exact than traditional weather prediction methods. This model can increase the prediction speed by 10,000 times, making global weather prediction time drop to seconds. In May 2023, Typhoon Mawar appeared in the Pacific Ocean. According to the China Meteorological Administration, Pangu-Weather made exact predictions about the direction of Mawar five days before it changed its way in the eastern waters of the islands of Taiwan. 114．Which of the following is TRUE? A．High temperatures will have few influences on the area. B．The Middle East is warming faster than the rest of the world. C．Traditional weather models use information from satellites and are very exact. D．Traditional weather models can discover complex conditions of the air around the earth. 115．How can AI overcome the disadvantages of traditional weather models? A．By using information from satellites. B．By using the technology of deep learning. C．By only learning from real-time information. D．By dealing with information from the same places. 116．Why is Typhoon Mawar mentioned? A．To tell us about the risks of extreme weather. B．To show how exact Pangu-Weather’s predictions are. C．To talk about how useless traditional weather models are. D．To express that the problems of extreme weather have been solved completely. 117．What might be the best title of the text? A．The Risks of Extreme Weather B．The Pangu-Weather AI Model C．The Climate Change in the Middle East D．AI—The Powerful Tool of Weather Prediction （2024·山东济宁·二模） The Chinese ping feng (folding screen) is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture. Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The term ping feng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning. As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragon. It stands for nobility and power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol of everlasting life. Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck, are also chosen as popular design of the ping feng. All the design carry people’s beautiful wishes. Behind the ping feng lies an interesting story. In the past, the unmarried daughter of a rich family was not supposed to see or be seen by men except her father, brothers or very close male cousins. When an admirer paid a visit, however, she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind which she would be completely hidden. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to take him as a husband. Today the ping feng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical (实际的) use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, which adds style to them. The ping feng is more than beautiful furniture. 118．What was the ping feng used for at the very beginning? A．Dividing a room. B．Hiding a person. C．Acting as a moving wall. D．Protecting people from wind. 119．How does the writer develop his idea in Para.2? A．By telling a story. B．By watching TV C．By giving examples. D．By comparing differences. 120．What can we know about ping feng from Para.4? A．It’s not used any more. B．It’s still used in modern houses. C．It is out of date in modern times. D．It can’t match for the modern sofas and walls. 121．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Hidden Beauty of the Ping feng B．A Beautiful Story of the Ping feng C．Old Ping feng in Modern Homes D．Different Kinds of Ping feng （2024·山东济宁·二模） There are many deserts on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting. What are deserts like? Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony. Deserts can also be very windy places: The wind can change the shape of the deserts. It moves sand around from place to place. Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously (非常). During the daytime,the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade (阴凉处). At night deserts can become very cold. In winter there may even be a frost (霜冻) in the early morning. Living in the desert The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump (驼峰) and can go for days without water. It has large feet which help it not to fall into the soft sand. Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms. An oasis is an area of the desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow at an oasis. Some farmers are able to grow crops here. The Arabian Desert The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In some parts of the desert, it is too hot for people to live. Oil was discovered under parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf. This oil has made some countries in the area very rich. Much of the money has been spent building fine cities with lovely parks and lakes, and people live a comfortable life there. 122．Which of the following can best describe deserts? A．Hot and dry. B．Sandy and rainy. C．Wet and stony. D．Windy and snowy. 123．The word“vary”in the passage means “________ ”. A．be low B．be high C．be similar D．be different 124．According to the passage, people and animals visit an oasis for ________. A．frost and crops B．sand and stones C．water and food D．money and oil 125．What is the best title of the passage? A．What is the weather like in deserts? B．What do you know about deserts? C．How do people live in deserts? D．Where is the Arabian Desert? （2024·山东济南·三模）When you practice reading, you are not only repeating the words on the page, but also improving your reading abilities, learning and using background knowledge and learning new vocabulary, etc. While reading, you will learn around one new word for every 1,000 words you read. We did a survey about reading times among 300 students. The diagram (图表) shows the result of the survey. According to the survey, there is a huge difference between the number of vocabulary words learned by students who read for less than 15 minutes daily and 30+minutes every day. Unfortunately, the study also shows that the kids who read for half an hour or more daily take up less than 20% of students—about 50% of students read less than 15 minutes. Reading is important. We’d better read books in our free time. The more time we spend on it, the more we will get. 126．When kids are reading, they’re ________. ①practicing reading abilities                 ②remembering the passage  ③repeating the words ④using background knowledge            ⑤ learning new words A．①②③④ B．①③④⑤ C．①②④⑤ D．②③④⑤ 127．How many more words do students who read for 30+minutes learn than students who read for 15 minutes? A．1,909. B．6,249. C．8,158 D．11,957. 128．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．If read two hours, our vocabulary will be more than 13,866. B．Students have to read 15-29 minutes after they’re 12 years old. C．The higher grade you are in, the more time you’ll spend on reading D．The number of words you learn depends on how many books you read. 129．Which picture shows the percent of the three different reading time? A． B． C． D． 130．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the reading time. B．To encourage students to read more. C．To teach students to learn more words. D．To make a difference to reading time. （2024·山东德州·二模） Boyan Slat is an inventor from the Netherlands. He likes to create big projects to solve big problems, like plastic pollution in our oceans. When he was a teenager, he started a project called The Ocean Cleanup to help with this problem. While on vacation in Greece at the age of 16, he went scuba diving (浮潜) and saw more plastic bags than fish in the sea. This made him wonder “Why can’t we just clean this up?” So, he started researching the problem and possible technological solutions to clean up ocean’s plastic pollution. Then he looked for ways to deal with this problem and shared his ideas in a TEDx speech. Soon, the TEDx video about cleaning up ocean plastic pollution suddenly spread widely. People really liked his ideas, and he got a lot of support. This allowed him to drop out of his studies in Aerospace Engineering and then set up The Ocean Cleanup. With just 300 of his pocket money, Boyan started working on his plan. It took a lot of hard work, but in the end, Boyan and his team were able to prove (证明) that their technology could clean up plastic from both rivers and the Great Pacific Garbage Patch (太平洋垃圾带). Now, The Ocean Cleanup is working to clean up this huge area of plastic in the ocean. They have also placed special tools in dirty rivers to prevent more plastic from getting there. Boyan and his team are trying to make our oceans and rivers cleaner and healthier for all of us. You can visit their website to see how much progress they have made and find out more about their work. 131．What kind of problem did Boyan Slat notice in Greece? A．Plastic pollution. B．Not enough tourists. C．Fish in danger. D．Not enough money. 132．Which of the following is the correct order according to the passage? a. Boyan Slat got lots of support. b. Boyan Slat started working on his plan. c. Boyan Slat went scuba diving in Greece. d. Boyan Slat shared his idea in a TEDx speech. e. Boyan Slat dropped out of his studies in Aerospace Engineering. A．c-d-e-a-b B．d-c-e-a-b C．c-d-a-e-b D．d-c-a-e-b 133．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A．Boyan invented plastic cleanup for rivers and oceans. B．The Ocean Cleanup cleans the Pacific Ocean with special tools. C．The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is getting smaller. D．Boyan and his team proved their technology works. 134．How can we find out more about the work of Boyan Slat and his team’s work? A．Writing e-mails to them. B．Reading their books. C．Visiting their website. D．Working with them. 135．What kind of person is Boyan Slat according to the passage? A．Brave. B．Creative. C．Wealthy. D．Humorous. （2024·山东济宁·二模）Are you a “P” person or a “J” person? You might be wondering what I’m talking about. These two labels come from the popular MBTI test. The test produces a four-letter result. The last letter is either “P” for Perceiving (知觉) or “J” for Judging (判断). Many people around me have described me as a classic “Judging” type (类型). I am good at making plans. For example, I have measured the time it takes to walk from my office to the closest subway station and noted when the subways usually arrive, especially when it’s not rush hour. It often happens that I get to the platform just as the subway is arriving, which gives me a sense of satisfaction. I admire people who are like me, but I’ve met a lot of “P” types too. Years ago, I climbed Mount Hua with some friends. As a “J” person, I planned carefully beforehand. I packed my backpack with ten bottles of water, plenty of mini-bread and even five raincoats. To my surprise, on the day of the hike, two of my friends set out, empty-handed. Working and traveling with people of different personality types can be challenging at times. But I have to say that those with a “P” on their MBTI test have their advantages. They are often more creative and resourceful. While I would often struggle (挣扎) when things don’t go as planned, these people usually stay calm, because they are good at finding solutions to problems. And a world where everyone is either a “J” or “P” person will be boring. The mix of different personalities certainly adds excitement to life. 136．What can we learn from the MBTI test? A．The last letter of the test result is either “J” or “P”. B．The test produces four results. C．The “P” person and “J” person are similar. D．The test is only for fun. 137．Which word is close to the underlined word “resourceful”? A．Friendly. B．Careless. C．Honest. D．Clever. 138．Which of the following sentence might the writer agree with? A．People should always make perfect plans. B．People with a mix of different personalities make life more exciting. C．People should always be calm in any situations. D．People of different personality types are easy to work with. 139．What’s the writer trying to do in the text? A．To introduce the differences between “J” and “P” person. B．To describe the advantages of “J” person. C．To give information about MBTI test. D．To explain the differences between his friends and himself. （2024·山东淄博·二模）Can you imagine a world without the Internet? It’s surprising to think about it. Now, China has more than 162 million Internet users, according to the China Internet Network Information Centre. This is the second highest number of users in the world after the United States. Today, 66% of Chinese “netizens (网民)” are teenagers. “They spend about thirteen hours every week online,” said Qian Hulin, an Internet expert. Doctor Song in Beijing Xuanwu Hospital said about 14% of Chinese netizens who are teens often lasted over ten hours to play online games. The main reasons why teenagers surf the Web are to search for information, to communicate with others and to have fun. On the Internet, teenagers can find out almost anything. And surfing the Web can help students with their homework and widen their knowledge. Li Dong, a teacher at No. 41 Middle School in Shijiazhuang, likes her students to use the Internet. “When we talk in class, students who surf the Net usually know more background information than the others,” she said. In addition, people can use the Internet to write letters or stories and send e-mails. Many teens keep in touch with their friends online. It is cheaper than phoning somebody far away and also much quicker. 140．_________ has the most Internet users in the world according to the article. A．China B．America C．Canada D．Russia 141．There are about ________ Chinese netizens to surf about 13 hours every week. A．107 million old B．22.7 million old C．107 million young D．22.7 million young 142．Li Dong in No. 41 Middle School likes her students to use the Internet because she _________. A．thinks surfing the net can help students spend less time on homework B．thinks her students can get more background information than the others C．wants her students to talk to her about their hobbies and interests D．wants to know what her students do and think （2024·山东聊城·二模）With the development of technology, education is changing. The classroom of the future will surely not be the same as the classroom of today. So what will the future classroom be like? Let’s try to find it out.   To start with, facing the blackboard will be a thing of the past. Students will take classes by looking at their touch-screen (触摸屏的) desks. And doing homework, taking down notes, and taking tests will be just a click away (点击鼠标即可). The walls of the classroom will also be filled with real-time screens for students and teachers to show any information they want. In the coming years, another technology called metaverse (元宇宙) will make learning more exciting. Metaverse is a 3D virtual (虚拟的) world where people can meet, play, and work with others through digital avatars (数字化身). In the metaverse, people can do things like going to the supermarket, attending a concert or buying virtual clothing. The only difference is that they’ll be doing all these in a virtual environment. Teachers and students can get into a virtual classroom. While in real life, they may be sitting on the sofa at home. The experience will be like being in an actual classroom. Students can also “visit” historical places, see the real geography of the planet, take tours through international universities or research labs, and much more. Besides, the classroom of the future holds several learning, styles for students. They will be given the freedom to learn things in the way they want. This includes learning through video lessons. Everyone moves at their own pace (节奏), with teachers guiding them along the way. This practice will help students learn faster and have, better results. 143．What might happen according to the second paragraph? A．Students won’t need to take tests. B．There will be no desks in the classroom. C．Students won’t need to do their homework. D．There will be no blackboard in the classroom. 144．What is the metaverse? A．A new kind of class. B．A virtual world. C．A virtual place of interest. D．A robot teacher. 145．What can’t people do in the metaverse according to the passage? A．Attend a famous singer’s concert. B．Enjoy the smell of beautiful flowers. C．Tour around the world on their sofa. D．Take classes in world-famous universities. 146．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．How the metaverse will change our life. B．How students will learn at their own pace. C．How virtual classrooms will become popular, D．How the classroom will change in the future. 147．Which part of the newspaper can we read the passage from? A．History. B．Health. C．Technology. D．Geography. （2024·山东菏泽·二模） Wearable technology has changed how we play, communicate, and track (跟踪) our health. Although it has many useful purposes, the wearable technology of tomorrow promises to be even more surprising. Eyeglasses, an invention of the 13th century, are considered the world’s earliest wearable technology. Modern wearable technology started to appear around 2008 with the introduction of fitness trackers (健身追踪器). This form of wearable technology tracks things like your heart rate and counts your steps. Smartwatches came out several years later. Besides doing the same things as fitness trackers, they also show you text messages and allow you to make calls. Nowadays, you can even buy smart clothing. Some of them, for example, vibrate (振动) whenever your exercise form is incorrect. Wearable technology has other uses, too. It allows people to play video games on devices (设备) like VR headsets (耳机). And people in the medical industry have developed implantable (可移植的) devices. One example is a pill that sends health information from inside your’ stomach to a smartphone. Today’s wearable technology may be interesting, but the future of wearable technology will be more exciting, such as self-powered shoes. Scientists are developing smart shoes. They will use your body as a power source. They come with batteries (电池) that can store the energy from your walking. Walking in these shoes would be like having a power bank on your feet that charges with every step you take. Old wearable technology like glasses has helped countless people see better. Today, things like fitness trackers are changing how we understand our bodies. This makes you wonder: in what ways will future wearable technology improve our lives? 148．What is the earliest wearable technology in the world? A．Smart clothing. B．Eyeglasses. C．VR headsets. 149．What can be the use of fitness trackers? A．To count your hair. B．To play video games. C．To track the heart rate. 150．What do we know about self-powered shoes in Paragraph 4? A．The price of them. B．How they work. C．The inventor of them. 151．What does the underlined word “This” in the last paragraph refer to? A．The huge progress that wearable technology has made. B．The different uses that old wearable technology has. C．How fitness trackers are used in the medical industry. 152．Where is this passage probably taken from? A．A storybook. B．A science magazine. C．A business ad. （2024·山东菏泽·二模）①Around the world, people are more and more worried about the environment. Many people now prefer products and companies (公司) that care about the earth and cause less pollution. This need for green products has led large companies to change their business. ②Before, customers used cheap plastic bags, and then threw them away. But now most supermarkets and stores usually provide reusable shopping bags for them. This causes less waste. They also offer more local products, because less energy is needed for carrying them from one place to another. ③To help lower air pollution, big car factories are looking for other ways to control the amount (数量) of oil. Cars that use much less oil are very popular. Many companies are also developing fully electric cars. They produce no air pollution at all. Both kinds of cars have another advantage—they are cheaper to run and people don’t need to worry about oil prices. ④The airline companies face an even greater green challenge. Airplanes use much more oil than cars. So many airlines are now developing planes that can run on some other kinds of oil. They create less pollution and cost less. The companies are also developing a new kind of planes, and some of them use only solar panels (太阳能板) to fly! ⑤Green businesses used to be popular with only a small group of people. But now, more and more companies have to show they care about the environment. Many products are marked “green” in order to look nice. However, people still have to be careful when choosing green products. It’s important to make sure the products are as environmentally friendly as the businessmen say. 153．Why are big car factories looking for other ways to control the amount of oil? A．To be cheaper to run. B．To use more oil. C．To help lower air pollution. 154．What are the advantages of electric cars according to the passage? a. Using cheap oil.     b. Running at low costs.     c. Producing no air pollution. A．a and b B．b and c C．a and c 155．The last sentence of the passage is written to ________. A．show the green products are healthy B．encourage people to buy green products C．tell people to choose green products carefully 156．Which is the best structure of the passage? A． B． C． 157．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Green Is Cheaper B．Green Is Good Business C．Green Makes Life Easier （2024·山东菏泽·二模） The “Chinese Bridge” Competition is an international Chinese language and cultural competition. It is held every year. Its goal is to increase interest in learning Chinese among students from other countries and to provide them with an increasing understanding of the Chinese language and culture. The first “Chinese Bridge” Competition was held in 2002. Since then, over 800,000 students from more than 100 countries have taken part in preliminary rounds (预赛) held abroad. Over 4,200 excellent contestants (参赛者) have traveled to China for the competition. The competition offers different categories (类别) and different levels, providing students with the opportunity to show their talents through speeches, traditional art performances, and singing. In 2023, 16 university students and 6 high school students from Ethiopia took part in the competition. Among them was Gemechis Mclaku, a fourth-year Chinese language student. He gave a speech and performed a Chinese music piece. He won first place in the university student category. Gemechis believes learning Chinese is useful because it allows him to better understand different parts of the world. Winning this competition has filled him with great excitement and pride. Siyane Tadesse, a 10th grader, won first place in the high school student category. She expressed her joy at the victory and shared that learning Chinese had been challenging for her. However, she found inspiration in a Chinese saying: One minute on stage requires ten years of practice off-stage.This encouraged her to work hard. Today her hard work has paid off. The “Chinese Bridge” Competition serves as a meaningful platform (平台) for cultural exchanges between China and other countries. It plays an important role in improving understanding among different cultures. 158．What do the numbers in Paragraph 2 tell us? A．The Chinese language is easy to learn. B．Foreign students are hard-working. C．The “Chinese Bridge” Competition is popular. 159．What type of talents can students show in the competition? A．Traditional art performances. B．Dancing. C．Sports skills. 160．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Giving a speech. B．Learning Chinese. C．Winning the competition. 161．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (Paragraph 1 = ①……) A． B． C． （2024·山东济南·二模）Balanced on a rock in the middle of a river, a black bear lowers her head to the water and tries to catch a fish. She’s spent the summer eating berries and roots. Now she’s eating all the fish she can catch. She needs fat to put on weight and make milk for newborn bears this winter. Black bears live throughout most of North America, including northern Mexico. They usually live in forests and are excellent tree climbers. Although they are called black bears, they can be blue-gray, brown, or even white. Black bears are not picky eaters. Their goal is to store up as much fat as possible before their winter sleep. In late November and early December, black bears head to their caves to sleep away the winter, or hibernate (冬眠). Their body temperature is lowered, and their breathing slows down while they live off the huge amounts of body fat they stored up during the summer and fall. This way, they don’t have to go out and look for food in the cold. Male black bears leave their caves around mid-March, but females stay a little longer. That’s because they give birth around January and want to give their kids time to grow bigger before heading back outside in the early spring. Little black bears stay with Mom for one to three years while she teaches them how to live in the wild. Then, when they’re ready, they head off to survive in the woods alone-until they start a family of their own. 162．Why do black bears catch fish? A．They want to become heavier. B．Fish is their favorite food. C．They prefer food with less fat. D．Newborn black bears feed on fish. 163．What do we know from paragraph 2? A．Black bears are all black. B．Many black bears live in the UK. C．Black bears pick food from trees. D．Black bears are good at climbing. 164．What is a hibernating black bear like? A．They don’t breathe. B．They only sleep in the daytime. C．They don’t eat any food. D．They have a high body temperature. 165．When would a female black bear probably leave her cave? A．In January. B．In April. C．In July. D．In November. 166．What does the underlined word “survive” probably mean in Chinese? A．闲逛 B．猎杀 C．生存 D．逃亡 （2024·山东济宁·二模）Plants are rooted (扎根) in one place. They can’t run away from danger or walk over the sunny side of the garden. So they have to develop some special ways to protect themselves and grow in the nature. Some scientists found that plants can sense their surroundings (环境). You’ve all seen plants grow towards light which is called phototropism. Even if the top of them are cut off, the plants don’t change the direction. They sense the light and tell the rest of the plants how to grow then. Some plants “talk” with each other by using “airmail” to warn each other of danger. Researchers in England cut the leaves of cabbages. The cabbages then produce a tiny number of chemicals (化学物质) that protect themselves from some insects. Strangely, the cabbages which aren’t cut nearby also begin to give off their own different chemicals. That means they seem to receive a warning from their cabbage neighbors. Most amazingly, plants have a great system of communication that can connect nearly every plant in a forest by fungi (真菌). It connects the roots of different plants to each other. Scientists call the system the “wood wide web”, similar to the Internet we use. Using the network, plants can communicate and share information and even food with each other. Whatever the case, plants are stranger and more wonderful than we can imagine. 167．Picture ________ shows the underlined word “phototropism”. A． B． C． D． 168．The cabbages produce the chemicals to ________. A．sense the light B．change the direction C．protect themselves D．make leaves grow 169．According to the passage, we know that plants have the ability of ________. ①sense   ②thinking    ③communication    ④hearing A．①④ B．②④ C．②③ D．①③ 170．Which is NOT true according to the passage? A．Some plants can warn each other of danger. B．The fungi build the “wood wide web” by connecting the roots. C．If the top of the plants are cut off, they can change the direction. D．Plants can protect themselves and grow in the nature in some special ways. （2024·山东济宁·二模）Many Canadian kids woke up to the smell of wildfire smoke last summer. Some are wondering: Is it dangerous? How can I protect myself? CBC Kids News talked to two children’s lung specialists, Tom Kovesi and Dan Hughes, to find out how kids can stay safe. Is wildfire smoke dangerous? For most people, the impact of wildfire smoke is only short-lived. Effects can include irritation (刺激) of the eyes, nose and throat; coughing and shortness of breath. They will get worse the more time you spend outdoors, especially if you’re active outside—doing sports and other exercise, I spend my summers around a campfire. _____▲_____ The difference between campfire smoke and wildfire smoke is that wildfire smoke is harder to avoid, Hughes said. “When you’re camping, you typically don’t stay in front of a fire for too long,” he said. “And if it’s really smoky, you’d probably sit upwind from the smoke or take a break.” Wildfire smoke, on the other hand, is everywhere. Therefore, the effects can be more long-term and dangerous. The key to staying safe? Stay inside. Both Kovesi and Hughes agree that the best thing for kids to do is stay inside when wildfire smoke is in the air. “It’s especially important for kids who are super active to stop those activities. This is not the time to go jogging, play soccer and other sports, ” Hughes said. “Those activities require you to breathe harder and deeper, which gives you a greater exposure (暴露) to the smoke and the particles (微粒) the smoke carries.” Other steps you can take. It’s best to close your windows and doors when inside. You can also use an air conditioner, if you have one, to filter (过滤) the air more. Kovesi said that masks can also help lower the risk a little, particularly N95 masks. But they need to be worn correctly. 171．Wildfire smoke can make people ___________. A．die young B．be super active C．stop coughing D．feel breathless 172．What sentence should be put into the _____▲_____? A．Where is campfire smoke from? B．How is it different from wildfire smoke? C．What causes wildfire smoke? D．How can we stop them? 173．Which of the following can we do to stay safe from wildfire smoke? a.   b.   c.   d. A．ac B．ad C．bc D．cd 174．In which section of a magazine could you read the passage? A．Opinion. B．Tech. C．Health. D．Travel. （2024·山东济南·二模）People can travel without much money by staying in other people’s house. Sometimes the travelers may sleep for a few nights on other people’s couch (沙发) for free. This way of travelling is called couch surfing. Couch Surfing, org is an organization that connects travelers all around the world. Members of it can find a place to stay when they travel or share their homes and hometowns with travelers from other places. In this way strangers can help strangers in order to make the world a better place. The organization has millions of members in 238 different countries and it has changed the way of travel forever. Jamie from Australia has traveled in this way all over the world. “When I travelled before, I used to find a cheap hotel to save money, now I stay in really nice houses and apartments. But the best thing isn’t the free-living condition, it’s the people you meet. A couch surfing host will usually cook you a meal which helps break the ice. Then they’ll often introduce you to their friends and take you to the places they enjoy. Couch surfing allows you to experience a country and its culture.” ________ Delphine, an experienced host from Paris, has an answer. “They say that money makes the world go round but I try to help people go round the world without much money!” she says with a smile. So far she has received more than 100 travelers. “I enjoy meeting people from different cultures and I’ve made friends from all over the world,” says Delphine, who is also a professional cook. “And of course, I like sharing French food with them. Usually, my guests love trying it but I’ve had problems sometimes. Once I cooked roast lamb for a guest but unluckily, when she got here, she told me she Was only used to eating vegetables!” The idea of travelling the world for free has even been made into a TV series. Alex and Zsolt from the US set out with no money at all. They depended on social networking websites like Facebook and Twitter to ask for help. They say, “wherever we went we were always provided with food. All over the world, food is a common bond (纽带).” They travelled sixteen different countries and the results were turned into the TV show Around the World for Free. 175．What can we know about couch surfing according to paragraph 1? A．It’s a way to travel with less money. B．It can connect travelers all around the world. C．It’s a way for people to make money with their couches. D．Travelers consider it the most important way to travel today. 176．Why does the writer use the example of Jamie? A．To tell us what can break the ice. B．To introduce you to their friends. C．To show why couch surfing is popular. D．To show the comfortable living condition. 177．Why does Delphine like being a couch surfing host? A．Because she is a professional French cook. B．Because she enjoys cooking for travelers. C．Because she expects to make more friends. D．Because she wants to help people go round the world. 178．Which question can be put into ________ in paragraph 4? A．Why do people agree to let a stranger sleep on their couch? B．How do you prefer to eat when you’re on a holiday? C．What does a traveler gain from couch surfing? D．How can you make more money from going round the world? 179．What can we know according to Alex? A．Food brings people together. B．It’s not easy to travel without money. C．People enjoy their free-living condition. D．A host usually cook a meal to break the ice. （2024·山东济南·二模）Scientists who study happiness have evidence (证据) to show that being kind to others can result in happiness. Acts as simple as buying a cup of coffee for someone can lift a person’s mood, for example. In studies, behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley and I examined a possible explanation: people who do kind acts underestimate (低估) how much the ones receiving kindness value their behavior. In the experiments, about 1,000 people were asked to do some actions to make someone else feel good. We asked both the person performing the kind act and the one receiving it to answer some questions. The performers were asked to report their own experience and to guess how the receivers might feel. We wanted to understand how valuable people considered these acts to be, so both the performer and receiver had to rate how “big” the act seemed. In all cases, we compared the performer’s exp$$ 专题04 阅读理解（说明文） （2024·山东德州·二模）Ma Mian Qun, also known as “Ma Mian Zhe Qun”, is a kind of traditional Chinese dress. The question of why Ma Mian Qun is named has always been puzzling. Actually, “Ma Mian” is a kind of structure used for defense (防御) in the city wall system. However, all the books about Ma Mian Qun, only show that the smooth surface without pleats (褶) in the middle is called “Ma Mian”, and there is no further explanation for where it comes from. The Horse Face Skirt has roots in China’s Han Dynasty. Artworks and ancient texts often describe the skirt, showing its importance in Chinese fashion history. The Chinese Horse Face Skirt, with a unique structural design, matches practicality (实用性) with beauty. The skirt starts with a snug (紧身的) waist and fans out to wider hem (边缘，下摆), with pleats that are around 30 centimeters deep. This allows the wearer move freely, meeting the traditional need for both beauty and practicality in Chinese clothing. Ma Mian Qun is colorful, mostly red and blue. Red means good luck and joy. According to Han customs, women usually wore red skirts during celebrations of festivals. In the Qing dynasty, blue was also common and popular, paired with black and yellow. Ma Mian Qun has different kinds of patterns with different meanings. For example, dragon and phoenix patterns show the love between a man and a woman or a beautiful marriage. Peony is a symbol of wealth and honor. In Chinese culture, the pleats mean wealth and status (地位), while the colors used, such as red and yellow, are deeply tied to luck and imperial power. Each skirt tells a story, whether of the person who wore it or the century it stands for. 1．In fact, “Ma Mian” means ________. A．a kind of traditional Chinese dress B．the most respected fabric C．a kind of structure used for defense D．a unique structural design 2．Which picture shows the Chinese Horse Face Skirts? A． B． C． D． 3．Why does Ma Mian Qun have pleats? A．For defense. B．For moving freely. C．For beauty. D．For wealth and status. 4．For Ma MianQun, which are mentioned in the passage? a. Its price    b. Its designer     c. Its colours   d . Its meaning A．ab B．cd C．ad D．bc 5．You can find the passage in ________. A．a guide book B．a diary C．a magazine D．a public speech 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统服饰马面裙。 1．细节理解题。根据“‘Ma Mian’ is a kind of structure used for defense (防御) in the city wall system.”可知“马面”是城墙体系中用于防御的一种结构。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“only show that the smooth surface without pleats (褶) in the middle is called ‘Ma Mian’”以及“The skirt starts with a snug (紧身的) waist and fans out to wider hem (边缘，下摆), with pleats that are around 30 centimeters deep”可知这条裙子从舒适的腰部开始，向更宽的下摆展开，褶皱约30厘米深，中间没有褶皱，选项B符合。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“with pleats that are around 30 centimeters deep. This allows the wearer move freely”可知褶皱使得穿着者可以自由活动。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“Ma Mian Qun is colorful, mostly red and blue.”可知介绍了马面裙的颜色；根据“Ma Mian Qun has different kinds of patterns with different meanings”以及“In Chinese culture, the pleats mean wealth and status (地位), while the colors used, such as red and yellow, are deeply tied to luck and imperial power”可知此处提到了马面裙的意义。故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了中国传统服饰马面裙，故文章可能出现在一本杂志上。故选C。 （2024·山东济南·二模）Recently, a research on how a new VR (虚拟现实) experience educated children about the fire disasters (灾害) was done. The new VR experience was developed by the University of South Australia, hoping to educate children to learn how to be safe in a fire. It presents a situation for children aged 10—12. In the situation, they are tasked to look after a friend’s dog just before a fire event begins. They take part in a set of problem-solving activities to help save and protect themselves and the dog. The findings showed that over 80% of the children could calmly tell the advantages and disadvantages of different choices. They also learned to make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire. Children thought it especially important and meaningful, because 91% of them didn’t have knowledge of fires at the beginning, and 67% had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire. The researchers believed such VR experiences made it possible to engage, educate and empower the young. “As children born in modern times, they are interested in such technology and they can experience events in a real situation yet within the safe environment,” said Delene Weber, one of the researchers. “Well-designed VR can provide children with surprisingly valuable learning tools.” Meanwhile, because children have fewer life experiences, aren’t as physically strong, and are less likely to have learned much about fire safety, they’re often most at risk. However, the role that children play in the fire safety at their homes should not be underestimated (低估). “Children don’t need to be always waiting for help in disasters. With these VR experiences, we can make children understand the risks and realize they can help,” said Weber. 6．What’s the purpose of the new VR experience? A．To describe children’s reactions to fire disasters. B．To teach children to save themselves in a fire. C．To introduce ways of avoiding a fire to children. D．To increase children’s interest in VR experiences. 7．From the findings, what’s the children’s attitude (态度) towards the new VR experience? A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Uncertain. D．Supportive. 8．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “engage” in Para.3? engage /ɪn’geɪdʒ/ Verb engaged, engaging ①to draw one’s attention and keep them interested ②to give somebody a job ③to begin fighting with somebody ④to fit one part of a machine into another so they can work A．① B．② C．③ D．④ 9．From Paragraph 3, what can we mainly get to know about the new VR experience? A．The development. B．The advantages. C．The method. D．The introduction. 10．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A．Children make no difference in the fire safety at their homes. B．VR experiences are mainly designed for children in high school. C．Children can help in fire safety with the VR experiences. D．67% of children knew how to make safety decisions in the end. 【答案】6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了一种新型虚拟现实体验可以帮助孩子们学会如何在火灾中避险求生。 6．细节理解题。根据“The new VR experience was developed by the University of South Australia, hoping to educate children to learn how to be safe in a fire.”可知，这种虚拟现实体验是希望能教育孩子们学习如何在火灾中保持安全。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据“The findings showed that over 80% of the children could calmly tell the advantages and disadvantages of different choices. They also learned to make wise decisions to protect themselves from a fire. Children thought it especially important and meaningful, because 91% of them didn’t have knowledge of fires at the beginning, and 67% had said that they were too young to make safety decisions in a fire.”可知，本段通过例举数据，介绍了很多孩子们认为这特别重要和有意义，应是持支持态度。故选D。 8．词义猜测题。根据“The researchers believed such VR experiences made it possible to engage, educate and empower the young. ‘As children born in modern times, they are interested in such technology and they can experience events in a real situation yet within the safe environment,’ said Delene Weber, one of the researchers.”可知，这种虚拟现实体验是想要年轻人去参与其中，并受到教育。划线词“engage”与A选项to draw one’s attention and keep them interested“吸引某人的注意力并保持他们的兴趣”意思相近。故选A。 9．推理判断题。根据“they can experience events in a real situation yet within the safe environment”、“Well-designed VR can provide children with surprisingly valuable learning tools.”和“Children don’t need to be always waiting for help in disasters. With these VR experiences, we can make children understand the risks and realize they can help”可知，本段主要介绍了虚拟现实体验的益处。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据“Children don’t need to be always waiting for help in disasters. With these VR experiences, we can make children understand the risks and realize they can help”可知，孩子们可以通过虚拟现实体验来帮助消防安全。故选C。 （2024·山东临沂·二模）More than once we have seen videos of dogs, cats and other cute animals shared by people on the Internet. But recently, a less-known animal has caught the public’s attention—the capybara (水豚). Capybaras are the biggest rodent (啮齿目动物) on the earth. They live in South America and Central America. Like other rodents, capybaras’ teeth keep growing. They make them short by eating plants. Capybaras are strong swimmers. Their pig-shaped bodies are adapted for life in water. Their toes are webbed (脚趾有蹼) for moving through the water. They have dark brown fur, allowing them to quickly dry when on land. Their small eyes, noses and hairless ears are located (位于) high on their heads. So even though most of their body is in the water, they can keep watching as long as their faces are out of the water. Capybaras are also social animals. They are good at building relationships with other animals. They like to stay on their own, but if humans or other animals try to get close to them, they will never run away. They will play with them, even with large animals. Besides, capybaras can help provide food for other animals. It is common to find other animals, like monkeys and birds, riding on the back of a capybara. They look for lice (虱子) in the capybara’s coat to eat. Since capybaras do not hurt these animals, it is very great to move with capybaras and get a free ride hopefully. Nowadays, capybaras are getting popular as friends of humans. More and more people around the world want to raise a capybara as a pet. After all, no one can say no to such a cute and kind friend. 11．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “adapted” in Paragraph 3? A．fit B．considered C．difficult 12．Which of the following are mentioned about capybaras in the passage? ①appearance     ②living places     ③favorite friends     ④abilities A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ 13．Why do some animals ride on the back of the capybaras? A．Because they want to make friends with capybaras. B．Because they may get food from capybaras. C．Because they want to swim with capybaras. 14．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph) A． B． C． 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B 14．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可爱、深受人们喜爱的动物水豚。 11．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Capybaras are strong swimmers. Their pig-shaped bodies are adapted for life in water. Their toes are webbed for moving through the water.”可知，水豚是游泳健将，它们的脚趾有蹼，可以在水中移动，也就是说它们的身体很适合在水中生活；据此可推断，划线单词“adapted”意为“适合的”，与“fit”同义。故选A。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段“Their pig-shaped bodies are adapted for life in water. Their toes are webbed for moving through the water. They have dark brown fur, allowing them to quickly dry when on land. Their small eyes, noses and hairless ears …”可知，此处提到了水豚的外表；根据第二段“They live in South America and Central America.”可知，此处提到了水豚的栖息地；根据第三段“Capybaras are strong swimmers.”和第四段“They are good at building relationships with other animals.”可知，此处提到了水豚的能力，即①②④。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据第四段“Besides, capybaras can help provide food for other animals. It is common to find other animals, like monkeys and birds, riding on the back of a capybara. They look for lice in the capybara’s coat to eat.”可知，水豚可以为其他动物提供食物，所以有些动物骑在水豚的背上。故选B。 14．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，第一段点出主题水豚；第二段至第四段讲述水豚这一动物相关情况，包括外表、习性、能力等；最后一段总结，水豚是人类很喜欢的朋友；据此可知，本文属于“总——分——总”结构。故选A。 （2024·山东济宁·二模） An “air taxi” seems like science fiction, but you’ll probably be able to take one in the near future. On February 27, 2024, an eVTOL aircraft finished its first test flight in Guangdong and got a lot of attention from around the world. The flight started from Shekou Cruise Homeport in Shenzhen to Jiuzhou Port in Zhuhai. The distance (距离) between these two places is about 60 kilometers. The whole trip took about 20 minutes while traveling by car usually takes about two to three hours. It will be a better choice for passengers to travel between Shenzhen and Zhuhai in Guangdong. The eVTOL aircraft looks like a small plane. But unlike a plane, it doesn’t need a long runway to take off from and land on the ground. Instead, it can go straight up and down. This new aircraft is powered by electricity. It can work for 250 kilometers on a single charge. It can carry up to five people at a speed of up to 200 kilometers per hour. The eVTOL aircraft was developed by a high-tech company and was named Prosperity. The company is asking for a permit (许可证) for operation. If everything goes well, it is hoped that the aircraft will start carrying passengers in 2026. Besides, Guangzhou is making efforts to encourage low-altitude flights (低空飞行), which will be used in many areas such as low-air tourism, delivery (运输), and farming in the future. Many experts believe that the achievements of low-altitude flights will make a great contribution to the city’s development. 15．What does the word “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The whole trip. B．The eVTOL aircraft. C．The first test flight. D．Traveling by car. 16．What is the speed of the eVTOL aircraft per hour? A．60 kilometers. B．120 kilometers. C．200 kilometers. D．250 kilometers. 17．Which are some possible uses for low-altitude flights in the future? ① low-air tourism      ② delivery      ③ fishing industry     ④ farming A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 18．What’s the main theme of the passage? A．Sports. B．Culture. C．Technology. D．Health. 【答案】15．B 16．C 17．D 18．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了“空中出租车”。 15．词义猜测题。根据“On February 27, 2024, an eVTOL aircraft finished its first test flight...”及“The flight started from...”可知，此处It应指代前文的eVTOL飞机。故选B。 16．细节理解题。根据“It can carry up to five people at a speed of up to 200 kilometers per hour.”可知，它的时速为200公里。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据“Guangzhou is making efforts to encourage low-altitude flights (低空飞行), which will be used in many areas such as low-air tourism, delivery (运输), and farming in the future.”可知，未来低空飞行将用在低空旅游、运输、农业等领域。故选D。 18．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了“空中出租车”，属于科技类文章。故选C。 （2024·山东德州·二模） ①Have you ever visited any traditional Chinese gardens? They look like more natural sights than some Westerne-Gardens. They have a long history. As early as 1500, there were two main types of gardens: imperial (皇亲的) gardens and private gardens. Imperial gardens were for the use of the emperor and his family. Private gardens were built by important officials or wealthy businessmen. Both types of gardens were built for hunting and resting. ②The Summer Palace in Beijing is the most famous imperial garden in China. It covers about 3,000,000 m², three quarters of which is water. It’s called Kunming Lake. People can take a 10-minute boat ride to visit an island temple (庙宇), watch a traditional Chinese performance, enjoy the different buildings and courtyard. The garden is home to over 3,000 ancient buildings and more than 400,000 plants. Besides, there are more than 40,000 valuable works from each ancient period. With such a rich collection, the garden is known as the “Imperial Garden Museum.” ③As for private gardens, the most famous one is the Humble Administrator’s Garden (拙政园) in Suzhou. It has an area of only 41,000 m². It is quite small compared to im-perial gardens, but it’s beautiful. When you are standing in any corner of the garden, it all looks like a lifelike picture. And the whole garden looks different in different seasons. ④The traditional Chinese gardens have been designed to look naturally formed. Mountains and waters, trees and flowers, houses and towers are well-organized. They don’t look crowded together at all. In fact, Chinese gardens are in some ways very much like traditional Chinese sight paintings. The two have influenced and developed alongside one another. Both of them show the importance of nature in Chinese culture. 19．How many kinds of traditional Chinese gardens are mentioned? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. 20．What makes the Summer Palace called the Imperial Garden Museum? A．Its large areas. B．Its ancient buildings. C．Its valuable plants. D．Its rich collection. 21．What can we know about traditional Chinese gardens? A．The things in the gardens were not formed properly. B．The private gardens in Suzhou are famous for the size. C．They are different from Chinese traditional sight paintings. D．They were mainly built for the owners to hunt and rest. 22．What’s the best structure of the passage? A．①②③/④ B．①/②③④ C．①/②③/④ D．①/②/③④ 23．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history and types of traditional Chinese gardens. B．The influence of traditional Chinese paintings on garden design. C．The differences between imperial and private gardens in China. D．The beauty and cultural importance of traditional Chinese gardens. 【答案】19．B 20．D 21．D 22．C 23．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统园林有两大类型：皇家园林和私家园林。颐和园是最著名的皇家园林，拙政园是最有名的私家园林。 19．细节理解题。根据“there were two main types of gardens: imperial gardens and private gardens.”园林主要有两种类型：皇家园林和私家园林。可知是两种。故选B。 20．细节理解题。根据“With such a rich collection, the garden is known as the“Imperial Garden Museum.”园内藏品丰富，被誉为“皇家园林博物馆”。故选D。 21．细节理解题。根据“Both types of gardens were built for hunting and resting.”这两种类型的花园都是为狩猎和休息而建造的。故选D。 22．篇章结构题。根据第一段“Have you ever visited any traditional Chinese gardens?”可知，第一段用于引出话题，为第一部分；第二、三段分别介绍了颐和园和拙政园，为第二部分；第四段说明了中国园林在设计方面的共同之处，为第三部分。故选C。 23．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了中国传统园林有两大类型及历史。故选A。 （2024·山东青岛·二模）Sleep is important to teenagers because it plays an important role in their physical and mental development. So how many hours of sleep does a teenager need? Age group Age range Recommended hours of sleep every 24 hours School age 6—12 years 9—12 hours Teen 13—18 years 8—10 hours Adult over 18 years old 7 hours or more A recent report shows that many teenagers in America are not getting the recommended amount of sleep. Here are the results. Why is it hard for teens to get good sleep? There is no single reason. Instead, several factors (因素) relate to this problem. One of them is late bedtime and early school start times. Now, more and more teenagers are developing a habit of being “a night owl”, staying up later at night and sleeping longer into the morning. If allowed to sleep as they wish, many teens would get eight hours or more a night, but most school start times require them to wake up much earlier in the morning. The use of electronic devices (设备) like the smartphone and computer is another factor. Research has found that 89% or more of teens keep at least one device in their bedroom at night. Screen time late into the evening can cause sleep problems. Using these devices can keep teens excited and unable to fall asleep. And being in the light from smartphones also makes people feel less sleepy. So teens should improve their sleep environment and habits to get better sleep. Here are some tips. ◆ Get eight hours of sleep a night on weekdays and weekends. ◆Put away electronic devices at least half an hour before bed. ★ ◆Keep the bedroom cool, dark and quiet. 24．How many hours should 11-year-old Lucy sleep each night? A．7 hours or more. B．8—10 hours. C．9—12 hours. D．13—18 hours. 25．What can we learn from the results of that report? A．70% of high school boys can get enough sleep. B．40% of middle school students don’t sleep well. C．3 out of 10 high schoolers cannot get enough sleep. D．6 out of 10 middle schoolers do not get enough sleep. 26．What does the underlined part “a night owl” probably mean? A．A person who stays up late. B．A person who likes studying animals. C．A person who enjoys night views. D．A person who lives in the wild. 27．Which of the following can be put in ________? A．Reply quickly to unread messages. B．Keep them on silent mode during the night. C．Do some activities before bed to relax your body. D．Avoid coffee, especially in the afternoon and evening. 28．The main purpose of this passage is to ________. A．call on people to pay attention to teenagers’ sleep B．tell something about American teenagers’ sleep C．show how smartphones influence the teenagers’ sleep D．give the reason why teenagers go to bed late 【答案】24．C 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了充足的睡眠对于青少年很重要，介绍了学生睡眠不足的原因，并给出了一些建议。 24．细节理解题。根据表格内容“Age range: 6—12 years; Recommended hours of sleep every 24 hours: 9—12 hours”可知，11岁的Lucy应该每晚睡9到12个小时。故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据报告结果“Teens need between 8 between 10 hours of sleep a night, but results show most teens get much less: 60% of middle schoolers”可知，60%的初中生睡眠不足，即十分之六的初中生睡眠不足。故选D。 26．词义猜测题。根据“Now, more and more teenagers are developing a habit of being ‘a night owl’, staying up later at night and sleeping longer into the morning.”可知，“a night owl”是指晚上睡得更晚，早上睡得更久的人，即熬夜的人。故选A。 27．推理判断题。根据空前的“Put away electronic devices at least a half hour before bed.”可知，此处说的是睡前至少半小时收起电子设备，不要让电子设备干扰你的睡眠，选项B“让它们夜间保持静音模式。”符合语境。故选B。 28．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了充足的睡眠对于青少年很重要，文章介绍了学生睡眠不足的原因，并给出了一些建议。所以这篇文章的主要目的是呼吁人们关注青少年的睡眠。故选A。 （2024·山东临沂·二模）It might sound like magic, but in February, a paralyzed (瘫痪的) patient was able to drink water on his own by controlling a special glove with his brain. The glove then acted as his hand. This was a success in BMI technology made by a team of Chinese scientists and doctors. BMI means creating a connection between the human brain and external devices (外部设备), making communication between the brain and computers. For paralyzed people, BMI can allow them to move and do simple things by themselves. On Oct 24, 2023, the team put a BMI chip (芯片) in the patient’s head. It can receive neural signals (神经信号) from the brain. After three months of home training, the patient can now use his brain signals to control a glove powered by air pressure. This helps him do things like drinking water on his own. BMI technology usually means putting chips directly onto the patient’s brain. However, only a tiny cut is made on the patient’s head to make sure the patient’s brain is not harmed. It also uses a wireless power supply (无线电源), so the device doesn’t need a battery. Li Yuanning from Shanghai Tech University told CCTV News that BMI is now mainly used in the medical field. It can help to improve the lives of people with brain-related problems or speech problems. In the future, if will be used in other fields. In China, BMI technology is still in the early period of research, with no products on the market yet. Some people are worried that tests may influence patients’ independence and even who they are. Some people are worried whether the patient has a clear understanding of what is going on when they agree to take part in the test. 29．According to the passage, BMI is ______. A．a communication between the paralyzed patient and his brain B．a special glove acting as a hand C．a connection between the human brain and external devices 30．What does “It” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指的是)? A．The BMI chip. B．The team. C．The patient’s head. 31．Which of the following is TRUE? A．BMI can help paralyzed people do everything freely. B．BMI can not only be used in medical field, but also in other fields. C．You can buy BMI products on the markets now. 32．What’s the passage mainly talking about? A．People make some progress in BMI technology. B．BMI technology is popular now. C．Many people are worried about BMI technology. 【答案】29．C 30．A 31．B 32．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍BMI技术应用于帮助瘫痪患者自己喝水，文章也介绍了该技术的优势以及该技术仍在开发阶段。 29．细节理解题。根据第一段“BMI means creating a connection between the human brain and external devices, making communication between the brain and computers.”可知，BMI意味着在人脑和外部设备之间建立连接，使大脑和计算机之间进行通信。故选C。 30．词义猜测题。根据第二段“On Oct 24, 2023, the team put a BMI chip in the patient’s head. It can receive neural signals from the brain.”可知，2023年10月24日，该团队将可以接收来自大脑的神经信号的BMI芯片植入患者头部；据此可知，划线单词“It”指代上文中的“BMI chip”。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据第五段“Li Yuanning from Shanghai Tech University told CCTV News that BMI is now mainly used in the medical field. It can help to improve the lives of people with brain-related problems or speech problems. In the future, if will be used in other fields.”可知，BMI目前主要用于医疗领域。它可以帮助改善有大脑相关问题或语言问题的人的生活，在未来，它将被用于其他领域，因此选项B“BMI不仅可以用于医学领域，还可以用于其他领域。”符合原文。故选B。 32．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了BMI技术，这项技术是微创的，使用无线电源供应，避免了对患者大脑的伤害，是一个重要突破。故选A。 （2024·山东日照·二模）Buck Marchinton, is a wildlife biologist who plays an important role in DNR’s Private Lands Program. Buck builds partnerships with private landowners across North Georgia to develop management practices that are good for both wildlife and landowners. Buck’s method is to work closely with landowners to provide educational service, habitat (栖息地) studies and special conservation plans. His final goal is to help landowners become real managers of their lands and create a better coexistence (共存) between humans and wildlife. Buck’s interest in biology began early on, inspired by his father’s love for the natural world. He continued this interest in higher education and studied biology. Buck received his bachelor’s degree from the university. Along the way, he developed a deep love for the outdoors. With his passion for wildlife protection, Buck set out on a task to make a difference in protecting wildlife for nearly 30 years, working first in Florida, and later returning to Georgia. “If I had any advice to give to someone showing interest in this job, I would tell them that before they get in too deep, they need to be certain that this is the job they want to take. It’s not really something people just fall into. We are told to do this if we can’t see ourselves doing anything else, and in some degree that’s true, but we always have a choice.” Buck is recently working on a management plan in Dawson County with a landowner who had an interest in having quail (鹌鹑) on his land. However, the land is not a suitable habitats for quail because of nearly monthly flooding (洪水) and being covered with trees that the landowner is not allowed to cut. Buck has instead advised the landowner to think about woodcocks, a kind of bird that can grow on the present land. This solution provides the landowner with an easier way to less land manipulation (改造) for a species (物种) that would not fit this land. Thanks to Buck’s scientific spirits, he continues to shape a brighter tomorrow where humans and wildlife can better live with each other. He shows us that with love and effort, his final goal is within reach. 33．Why does Buck build partnerships with private landowners? A．To provide landowners with better education. B．To make the private farmlands better. C．To build more proper habitats for wildlife. D．To achieve a double-win management method. 34．What made Buck study biology at university at first? A．His father’s influence. B．His course requirements. C．His love for the outdoors. D．His love for the wildlife. 35．What does Buck really mean by his words in Paragraph 3? A．More people should study biology. B．Think twice before choosing biology. C．Learning biology faces many difficulties. D．Biology is an interesting course for students. 36．What can Buck’s recent project prevent? A．Larger number of quail. B．Monthly flooding. C．Overcutting of trees. D．Unnecessary cost. 【答案】33．D 34．A 35．B 36．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了野生动物学家Buck Marchinton致力于和私人土地所有者合作，开发有利于野生动物和土地持有者的可持续管理计划。 33．细节理解题。根据“Buck builds partnerships with private landowners across North Georgia to develop management practices that are good for both wildlife and landowners.”和“His final goal is to help landowners become real managers of their lands and create a better coexistence (共存) between humans and wildlife.”可知，Buck与北乔治亚州的私人土地所有者建立了合作伙伴关系，以制定对野生动物和土地所有者都有利的管理实践，也就是为了开发互利互赢的土地管理方法。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据“Buck’s interest in biology began early on, inspired by his father’s love for the natural world.”可知，起初他受父亲的影响主修生物学，故选A。 35．推理判断题。根据“If I had any advice to give to someone showing interest in this job, I would tell them that before they get in too deep, they need to be certain that this is the job they want to take”如果我有什么建议给那些对这份工作感兴趣的人，我会告诉他们，在他们深入之前，他们需要确定这就是他们想要的工作。由此可知，Buck的意思是“选择生物学之前要三思”。故选B。 36．推理判断题。根据“This solution provides the landowner with an easier way to less land manipulation (改造) for a species (物种) that would not fit this land.”可知，这个项目可以减少不必要的成本。故选D。 （2024·山东泰安·二模） New research studying 20 years of ocean information has found that our oceans have changed the color. This also means a great change in the ecosystems (生态系统) of the oceans that is likely caused by human activities. For tens of years, satellites (卫星) have been watching the color of Earth’s oceans and collecting information on the color of light reflecting (反射) off the water. Especially one of the satellites, the Aqua satellite has recently completed 20 years of collecting high-quality global ocean-color information. A new study has examined this information and found changes in ocean color over the past 20 years that cannot be explained by natural, year-to-year variability (可变性) alone. “I’ve been running models to study the ocean color. The models have been telling me for years that these changes in ocean color are going to happen,” said Stephanie Dutkiewicz, one of the study’s writers. “To actually see it happening for real is not surprising. But I am scared that these changes are probably caused by human’s activities.” The ocean’s color shows the life that lives in the water. Generally, deep blue water has very little life. However, greener water means there are ecosystems, mainly plankton (浮游生物). Without plankton, many oceanic food webs would break down. This will greatly impact the sea life and humans who depend on fish for food. “The color of our oceans has changed,” said Dutkiewicz. “And we can’t say how. But we can say that changes in color show changes in plankton communities. Plankton communities are the foundation (基础) of everything that feeds on plankton. So, we hope people take this seriously.” Next up, Dutkiewicz will try to better understand the color changes in different ocean areas, as well as looking into what might be causing them. 37．What does the underlined word “This” mean in Paragraph 1? A．New research studying 20 years of ocean information. B．Our oceans have changed the color. C．That is likely caused by human activities. D．The advantages of the study. 38．How did Dutkiewicz feel about the changes in the color of oceans according to the third paragraph? A．Disappointed. B．Scared. C．Surprised. D．Interested. 39．By which the underlined word “impact” can be replaced in Paragraph 4? A．杀死 B．污染 C．影响 D．毁坏 40．What may Dutkiewicz continue to study according to the last paragraph? A．The ecosystems in different ocean areas. B．The results of changes in ocean color. C．The reasons for changes in ocean color. D．The different plankton in the big oceans. 【答案】37．B 38．B 39．C 40．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了海洋的颜色发生了很大的变化，这对海洋生物和人类有害，科学家们号召人们要保护海洋。 37．词义猜测题。根据第一段“New research studying 20 years of ocean information has found that our oceans have changed the color. This also means a great change in the ecosystems (生态系统) of the oceans that is likely caused by human activities.”可知，研究发现，我们的海洋已经改变了颜色，这也意味着人类活动可能导致海洋生态系统发生巨大变化。由此可知，This指代上文提到的“our oceans have changed the color”。故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据第三段“But I am scared that these changes are probably caused by human’s activities.”可知，Dutkiewicz担心这些变化可能是由人类活动引起的。故选B。 39．词义猜测题。根据第四段“ Without plankton, many oceanic food webs would break down. This will greatly impact the sea life and humans who depend on fish for food.”可知，没有浮游生物，许多海洋食物网将会崩溃，这将极大地影响海洋生物和以鱼为食的人类。由此猜测，impact意为“影响”。故选C。 40．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Next up, Dutkiewicz will try to better understand the color changes in different ocean areas, as well as looking into what might be causing them.”可知，接下来，Dutkiewicz将试图更好地理解不同海洋区域的颜色变化，以及研究什么可能导致这些变化。由此推知，Dutkiewicz可能会继续研究海洋颜色变化的原因。故选C。 （2024·山东济南·二模）As climate change brings dangers to people, we are now facing another problem—underground climate change. It is reported from a research team from Northwestern University, US that with the development of cities, the rising underground temperature is causing the ground to heat up and deform (变形). In the last three years, the team had put more than 150 temperature sensors (感应器) under Chicago. The places include subway tunnels, underground parking lots and basements (地下室) of buildings. The temperatures they recorded were surprising. For example, air temperatures in underground structures can be up to 25℃ higher compared to the undisturbed ground temperature. After collecting data in Chicago, the team created computer models to see how temperatures will influence the ground until 2051. When heated, some soft materials may contract (收缩), and other materials, such as stone, may expand (膨胀) in size. The models showed that warmer temperatures can cause the ground to expand upward by as much as 1.2 centimeters, or sink downward by as much as 0.8 centimeters. This may even cause the ground to crack (开裂), leaving people who live and work above in dangerous situations. “The effects can be very bad, but it takes a long time to see them.” Rotta Loria, who led the study, said in a report. As scientists have already known a lot about underground climate change, future plans for cities should take it into consideration. Materials that take in heat can be used to keep the heat from entering the ground. The team also pointed out that the rising temperature could be seen as an opportunity. City planners can try to collect heat underground and send it above for heating. 41．Which of the following is the undisturbed ground? A．Basements. B．Tunnels. C．Public parks. D．Underground parking lots. 42．Because of the rising underground temperature, what may happen? A．Soft materials may expand in size. B．The underground buildings may contract. C．More earthquakes may take place. D．More changes in the ground may happen. 43．What can we do to avoid the underground climate change? A．The materials that can take in heat should be used. B．The number of people who take the underground should be limited. C．Fans should be fixed in the ground. D．More sensors can be put in the ground to record the temperature. 44．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．The longest journey begins with the first step. B．Rome was not built in a day. C．One should look at the problem in two ways. D．Provide for a rainy day. 45．Where is the text most probably from? A．A guide book. B．A science book. C．A story book. D．A sports newspaper. 【答案】41．C 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了地下温度不断地上升，给人们带来危险，然而，科学家认为气温上升可能被视为一个机会。城市规划者可以尝试在地下收集热量，并将其输送到上面供暖。 41．细节理解题。根据“The places include subway tunnels, underground parking lots and basements (地下室) of buildings. The temperatures they recorded were surprising. For example, air temperatures in underground structures can be up to 25 ℃ higher compared to the undisturbed ground temperature.”可知，地下室、隧道和地下停车场都属于地下，公园属于地面。故选C。 42．推理判断题。根据“the rising underground temperature is causing the ground to heat up and deform (变形)”可知，地下温度上升会导致地面发生变化。故选D。 43．细节理解题。根据“Materials that take in heat can be used to keep the heat from entering the ground.”可知，我们可以用吸热材料来避免地下温度升高。故选A。 44．推理判断题。根据“The team also pointed out that the rising temperature could be seen as an opportunity.”可知，地面温度升高虽然会带来很多消极影响，但是也可以把它看作一个机会，所以我们看待问题应该一分为二来看。故选C。 45．推理判断题。根据“As climate change brings dangers to people, we are now facing another problem—underground climate change.”及结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了地下气候变化，所以可能会在一本科学书里看到这篇文章。故选B。 （2024·山东枣庄·二模）After work, you go back home, open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered (递送) to your home. This is what many young people do in China these days. According to the latest report from the China Internet Network Information Center, 421 million Chinese people use online food delivery services. It is half of the total number of Internet users in China. Which group of people is ordering food online the most? For sure, it is mainly young people. A recent report that was published by the China Hospitality Association and Meituan, a food delivery service, showed that 86.3 percent of the service’s users are between 20 and 34 years old. These people, are the main force driving the development of the food delivery industry. Small families rely largely on food delivery services. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, Chinese families have changed in size over the past ten years. In 2002, only 7.7 percent of families have only one person. But this number increased to 15.6 percent in 2017. The percentage of two-person families rose from 18.4 in 2002 to 27.2 in 2017. For small families, cooking always takes a lot of time and energy, so ordering food online has become more popular. The improvement of China’s food delivery services has also made more customers interested. According to Meituan’s report, the average (平均的) time it takes to make a food delivery dropped from 38 minutes in 2016 to 29 minutes in 2020. Many delivery platforms are also offering more services, delivering products such as fruit, vegetables, medicine and even flowers. As their services continue to improve, it’s certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future. 46．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．Food delivery has developed rapidly. B．More and more people will live in small families. C．Most Internet users like to order food on Meituan. D．Food delivery is popular with young people. 47．The underlined word “rely” in the passage has the same meaning as “________”. A．come B．depend C．work D．rest 48．What’s the best title for this passage? A．China’s food delivery industry is growing. B．Fewer people in China like home cooking. C．The number of Internet users in China is rising. D．Food delivery services bring people convenience. 【答案】46．D 47．B 48．A 【导语】本文主要向大家介绍了中国的食品配送行业的相关情况。 46．主旨大意题。根据“Which group of people is ordering food online the most?”和“…showed that 86.3 percent of the service’s users are between 20 and 34 years old.”可知，第二段主要介绍了在网上订餐最多的人群是年轻人。故选D。 47．词义猜测题。根据“Small families rely largely on food delivery services.”和“For small families, cooking always takes a lot of time and energy, so ordering food online has become more popular.”可知，小家庭依赖外卖服务，所以rely与depend“依赖”同义。故选B。 48．最佳标题。根据“As their services continue to improve, it’s certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future.”和阅读本文内容，可知文章主要介绍了食品配送行业的受欢迎程度持续增长，所以A选项“中国的外卖行业正在增长”符合本文标题。故选A。 （2024·山东济南·二模）① A tree has roots (根). People have roots, too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It’s the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unknown word and you will understand where it came from. ② As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探) who are just looking for information to unlock the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge (判断) the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means. ③ As you know, prefixes (前缀) and suffixes (后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key. Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective. ④ Let’s look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it? ● If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying. ● If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday. ● If you have no alternative, you have no other choice. ⑤ Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back. 49．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to (所指)? A．The situation. B．The crime scene. C．A new and difficult word. D．Everything that is known. 50．If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”? A．They each pay half. B．Jim pays every time. C．Their parents pay for them. D．They take turns to pay. 51．How does the writer explain his ideas about root words? A．By giving a fact. B．By taking an example. C．By telling a story. D．By having a discussion. 52．“Sen” from the Latin word means “old”. Which word uses this Latin root? A．My brother is my senior by two years. B．He was ill so he was absent from school. C．A criminal was sentenced to death by law. D．60 students were present at the sports meeting. 53．Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 【答案】49．C 50．D 51．B 52．A 53．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了在语言学习中，词根学习的重要性。 49．词句猜测题。根据第②段“Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge (判断) the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.”可知，当遇到一个新的和困难的单词时，首先要做的是判断情况，看看所有已知的东西，看看它是否有助于我们理解它的意思。所以it指的是新的困难的单词。故选C。 50．推理判断题。根据第④段方框中“If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.”可知，如果吉姆和莉莉去看电影，他们轮流付款就是“交替付费”。故选D。 51．推理判断题。根据第④段“Let’s look at one common root word used in English. ‘Alter’ from the Latin word means ‘other’. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with ‘other’. Examine the word ‘alternate’.”可知，作者通过举例子来解释他对词根的理解。故选B。 52．推理判断题。根据题干中“‘Sen’ from the Latin word means ‘old’”（“Sen”来自拉丁词，意思是“old”。）可知，A项中，我哥哥比我大两岁。senior一词用到了词根“Sen”。故选A。 53．篇章结构题。分析文章内容可知，第①段引出主题；第②③④段分别介绍应对文本时需要注意的东西以及前后缀和词根的问题；第⑤段总结。故选C。 （2024·山东济南·二模） The top-selling album (唱片), Songs of the Humpback Whale, was made public in 1970. This collection of nature recordings changed the way many people thought about whales, and it helped save thousands of whales. The album might never have been made without a sound engineer named Frank Watlington. In the 1960s, Watlington was making underwater recordings when he noticed some strange, deep sounds. He realized they were coming from whales. Watlington played the recordings for a pair of scientists named Roger Payne and Katy Payne. When they listened, they fell in love with these beautiful voices at once. Katy Payne studied music as well as animals, and she was greatly surprised by how the whales communicated using sounds like an opera singer. She also noticed another interesting fact: the sounds had clear patterns. According to scientists, an animal sound with a repeating pattern is called a song. Some scientists even compared these singing animals to musicians. The Payne thought that other people should also hear the beauty of the whales’ songs. So Roger made the recordings into an album. The time when the album came out, whales were often caught, killed and traded for money. Some kinds were even in danger of dying out. Most people had never thought that whales could communicate through songs. But after hearing the album, they began to think differently. The album led people to take action to save whales. Musicians began using whale songs in their music, and whales were included in movies and television shows. In 1982, a ban to stop deep-sea whaling was made. Before it, in the 1950s and 1960s, more than fifty thousand whales per year were killed. After it, the number went down below two thousand. It might seem impossible that just one album could help save the lives of so many whales. But this album told people secrets about whales that had long been hidden under the sea. It allowed whales to finally share their songs with the human world. 54．Who first found the special voices of the whales? A．A song recorder. B．A sound engineer. C．An animal scientist. D．An opera singer. 55．What fact about the whales surprised Katy Payne? A．They could sing operas. B．They could repeat interesting sounds. C．They could communicate through clear sound patterns. D．They could exchange information with an opera singer. 56．Roger and Katy Payne made this album to ________. A．save the whales B．help musicians learn how to sing C．make other people think deeply D．make whales’ songs heard by more people 57．Which is one of the values of the album? A．It successfully helped to cut down deep-sea whaling. B．It encouraged musicians to work with scientists. C．It made some music and movie stars popular. D．It helped whales become more popular with movie directors. 58．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To tell people to communicate with whales. B．To tell how a good album was made. C．To show that whales are born singers. D．To introduce an album and its stories. 【答案】54．B 55．C 56．D 57．A 58．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一张名为《座头鲸之歌》的专辑如何改变了人们对鲸鱼的看法，并帮助拯救了成千上万只鲸鱼的生命。 54．细节理解题。根据第二段“The album might never have been made without a sound engineer named Frank Watlington.”可知，最先发现鲸鱼特殊声音的是一名音响师。故选B。 55．细节理解题。根据第三段“Katy Payne studied music as well as animals, and she was greatly surprised by how the whales communicated using sounds like an opera singer. She also noticed another interesting fact: the sounds had clear patterns.”可知，让Katy Payne惊讶的是鲸鱼可以通过清晰的声音模式进行交流。故选C。 56．细节理解题。根据第四段“So Roger made the recordings into an album. The time when the album came out, whales were often caught, killed and traded for money. Some kinds were even in danger of dying out. Most people had never thought that whales could communicate through songs. But after hearing the album, they began to think differently.”可知，Roger和Katy Pays制作这张专辑是为了让更多的人听到鲸鱼的歌声。故选D。 57．推理判断题。根据第五段“The album led people to take action to save whales. Musicians began using whale songs in their music, and whales were included in movies and television shows. In 1982, a ban to stop deep-sea whaling was made.”可知，这张唱片引导人们采取行动拯救鲸鱼，在1982年，一个停止深海捕鲸的禁令颁发了。由此推知，这张唱片成功地帮助减少了深海捕鲸活动。故选A。 58．主旨大意题。根据文章可知，主要介绍了一张名为《座头鲸之歌》的专辑如何改变了人们对鲸鱼的看法，并帮助拯救了成千上万只鲸鱼的生命。所以文章目的是介绍一张专辑及其故事。故选D。 （2024·山东潍坊·二模） The Yellow River is known as the mother river of the Chinese people. However, flood control and disaster forecasts (灾害预报) of the river have always been challenging for people. Now, scientists can better work on these problems by giving the river a digital twin. The digital twin of the Yellow River uses different kinds of technologies, including big data, artificial intelligence and the internet of things. Devices(设备)are set up along the river to collect and transmit (传送) information to the center. Based on the information, a 3D model of the river is showed on the computer screen. It’s like the Yellow River has a twin that describes its real conditions. One big thing in the digital governance (治理) is “smart stones”. A smart stone is a detector (探测器) with chips, a battery, and a signal transmitter. They are put in important dikes (堤坝) to record and report the movement of dike stones. If it feels any movement of the dikes stones, it will send an alarm to the center for quick response. In the sky, there are flying drones (无人机). They are designed to look at the river, its dikes and flood prevention projects. The drones provide researchers with photos and information. The researchers use this information to update a 3D model to watch the changes of water to avoid disasters. Under the water and up in the sky, intelligent systems are helping to protect the Yellow River. According to the Ministry of Water Resources, in the future, we can expect to see an even more complete digital system for the river. 59．What does the digital twin of the Yellow River do? A．To warn people to protect Yellow River. B．To improve flood control and disaster prevention. C．To do research with the history of the Yellow River. D．To collect and transmit information to tourist center. 60．What are “smart stones” in this system used to do? A．To repair the dikes along the river. B．To prevent the dike stones moving into the river. C．To monitor and report the movement of dike stones. D．To send pictures of the stones along the dikes to the center. 61．How do flying drones work above the Yellow River? A．They update 3D model to avoid disasters. B．They tell weather changes along the river. C．They send photos and information to researchers. D．They watch the dikes but flood prevention projects. 62．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The Yellow River is the origin of Chinese culture. B．The digital twin is helping protect the Yellow River better. C．The Yellow River will avoid disasters with the digital twin. D．The Yellow River is facing flood and disasters all the time. 【答案】59．B 60．C 61．C 62．B 【导语】本文介绍科学家如何利用数字孪生技术来更好地治理和保护黄河。 59．推理判断题。根据第二段内容“The digital twin of the Yellow River uses different kinds of technologies, including big data, artificial intelligence and the internet of things. Devices(设备)are set up along the river to collect and transmit (传送) information to the center. Based on the information, a 3D model of the river is showed on the computer screen. It’s like the Yellow River has a twin that describes its real conditions.”可知数字孪生的目的是为了改善洪水控制和灾害预防。故选B。 60．细节理解题。第三段解释了“smart stones”是带有芯片、电池和信号发射器的探测器，它们被放置在重要的堤坝中，用于记录和报告堤坝石头的移动。如果感觉到堤坝石头的任何移动，它会向中心发送警报以便快速响应。故选C。 61．细节理解题。根据“The drones provide researchers with photos and information. The researchers use this information to update a 3D model to watch the changes of water to avoid disasters.”可知无人机为研究人员提供照片和信息，研究人员使用这些信息来更新3D模型，以观察水位的变化，避免灾害。故选C。 62．主旨大意题。整篇文章讲述了科学家如何利用数字孪生技术来更好地治理和保护黄河，包括使用大数据、人工智能、物联网技术，以及“smart stones”和无人机在黄河治理中的作用。文章强调了智能化技术在黄河治理中的重要性，以及这些技术如何帮助人们更好地保护和管理黄河。故选B。 （2024·山东青岛·二模） Historical Records makes history come alive for readers Reading history books can let us learn from great people in history and live better. A history book that you can’t miss is Historical Records, or Shiji. Historical Records is the first biographical (传记) general history of China. Sima Qian, an official during the Western Han Dynasty (206BC—AD24) wrote it. The work records the events beginning with the famous Yellow Emperor and ending with the first years of the Han Wudi period, covering around 3, 000 years. In this book, I really like how the writer describes different people. For example, there’s Da Yu, the founder of the Xia Dynasty. He tried so hard to stop a big flood that he refused to enter his home while passing by three times. His selflessness really touched me. I also hope to be a great person like Da Yu. There are also two legendary farmers, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. They stood up and led a group of people against the tyrannical (残暴的) Qin Dynasty. They won against the Qin and led the way for the Han Dynasty. Their story shows that every human, whatever their birth, can become something great if he tried his best. When I read this book, I could see how Sima Qian made the characters come alive with his words. This makes the book filled with strong feelings of love and hate, and I love the stories. 63．What is the Historical Records, or Shiji, known as in the passage, and who wrote it? A．The First Book of China, written by Chen Sheng. B．The First Biography of China, written by Sima Qian. C．The Great Records of China, written by Wu Guang. D．The Ancient Chronicles, written by Da Yu 64．What does the underlined word selfnessness mean in Chinese? A．无私 B．不孝 C．自私 D．冷酷 65．What’s the main lesson from the story of Chen Sheng and Wu Guang? A．Only rich people can achieve great things. B．The story doesn’t teach any lessons. C．Only those with a powerful family can achieve greatness. D．Anyone, no matter where they come from, can achieve great things with effort. 66．Which of the following is TURE according to the passage? A．Historical Records covers events from the Tang Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty. B．Sima Qian, a farmer during the Western Han Dynasty, wrote Historical Records. C．Historical Records is the first biographical general history of China. D．The stories in Historical Records focus on farmers like Chen Sheng and Wu Guang. 67．Why do we read “Historical Records” or “Shiji” according to the passage? A．To learn about today’s Chinese politics. B．To know about great people and live better. C．To read made-up stories about old China. D．To study the history of the Western Han Dynasty. 【答案】63．B 64．A 65．D 66．C 67．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国第一部通史《史记》，以及作者的读后感。 63．细节理解题。根据“Historical Records is the first biographical (传记) general history of China. Sima Qian, an official during the Western Han Dynasty (206BC—AD24) wrote it.”可知《史记》是第一部纪传体通史，是司马迁所著。故选B。 64．词义猜测题。根据“He tried so hard to stop a big flood that he refused to enter his home while passing by three times. His selflessness really touched me.”可知他极力阻止一场大洪水，以至于三过家门不入，他的无私真的感动了我，故此处划线部分意为“无私”。故选A。 65．细节理解题。根据“Their story shows that every human, whatever their birth, can become something great if he tried his best.”可知陈胜吴广的故事告诉我们每个人，无论他们出生在哪里，只要尽最大努力，都可以成为伟大的人。故选D。 66．细节理解题。根据“Historical Records is the first biographical (传记) general history of China. Sima Qian, an official during the Western Han Dynasty (206BC—AD24) wrote it.”可知《史记》是中国历史上第一部纪传体通史。故选C。 67．细节理解题。根据“Reading history books can let us learn from great people in history and live better.”可知读历史书可以让我们向历史上的伟人学习，过上更好的生活。故选B。 （2024·山东菏泽·二模） How would you like to build a time machine? Paper, sticks, glue and string are all you need. Put them together to build a kite. A kite connects you to the past. No one knows who flew the first kite. It was probably someone in China or perhaps Indonesia. Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish. Starting 2,000 years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth. In China, people also used kites during wartime. One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away. About 1,300 years ago, Chinese travelers took kites to Japan. Soon kites filled the skies there. Kites reached Thailand about 700 years ago. During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields. They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain. Over time, kites flew their way out of Asia. Today, kites are a passion all over the world. Kite fans meet at festivals in many parts of the world and have great fun. Over the years, kites have also helped people understand the natural world. In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, California after an earthquake. The photos helped people plan what to do. Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes. The Wright brothers studied how kites flew, which helped them make the first successful airplane. Since the ancient Chinese first set their kites into the air, people have loved flying kites. Kites give us ways to celebrate, relax and explore. So go to fly a kite! Enjoy the feeling of wonder that kite flyers have felt for centuries. 68．Which country used kites to make good wishes? A．China and Japan. B．China and Thailand. C．Japan and Indonesia. 69．According to the Chinese story, the army used kites to ________ A．make the enemies leave in fear B．celebrate victories during wartime C．stop the enemies from sleeping well 70．How does the writer develop Paragraph 5? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. 71．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To show people how to fly kites. B．To explain how kites are used in science. C．To introduce the roles of kites in history. 【答案】68．B 69．A 70．C 71．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了风筝的历史和它在各个领域的应用，以及风筝给人们带来的乐趣。 68．细节理解题。根据“Starting 2,000 years ago, Chinese farmers flew kites to welcome the New Year and bring good luck to Earth.”以及“During floods, Thai farmers flew kites over their fields. They hoped the kites would drive away the clouds and stop the rain.”可知，中国和泰国的人们放风筝祈求好运。故选B。 69．细节理解题。根据“One Chinese story tells how soldiers put noise makers on kites and flew them at night over the enemy camp. The enemies were frightened by the noise and ran away.”可知，根据中国的故事，军队用风筝让敌人在恐惧中离开。故选A。 70．推理判断题。根据“In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures. In 1906, cameras hanging from kites took pictures of San Francisco, California after an earthquake.”可知，第五段是通过举例来展开的。故选C。 71．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据“Indonesian fishermen hung fishhooks on kites and sent them out to sea to catch fish.”；“In 1749, for example, thermometers were tied to kites to measure temperatures…California after an earthquake.”以及“Kites also helped inventors find out how to make airplanes…which helped them make the first successful airplane.”可知，文章介绍了风筝的历史和它在各个领域的应用，以及风筝给人们带来的乐趣，因此这篇文章是为了介绍风筝在历史中的角色。故选C。 （2024·山东青岛·二模） As temperatures rise during the hot summer months, humans find ways to stay cool. But how do our animal friends manage the heat? Let’s take a look at how animals stay cool during hot summers. One animal that often catches our hearts is the cute giant panda. They spend most of their time in shade (阴凉处) or sitting comfortably in the water, not only to stay cool but also to keep their thick fur (毛皮) wet. Pandas also depend on a special circulatory system (循环系统) that allows them to manage their body temperature more efficiently. They breathe and sweat (出汗) through their paws, which helps them lose heat and stay cool. In zoos, where different kinds of animals from different climates live together, keepers must make sure that their care remains comfortable during hot weather. They use different ways such as providing plenty of shade and misting systems (雾化系统) to create cooling environments. For large mammals (哺乳动物) like elephants, keepers use water holes to help manage their body temperatures. For creatures that cannot depend on shade or water to stay cool, they have developed other ways to beat the heat. Some animals, like birds, have the ability to manage their body temperature by opening their beaks (喙) rapidly, allowing heat to escape. They may also look for cool spots within their living places, such as shady trees or underground holes. Small mammals find smart ways to avoid overheating as well. They may be more active during the cooler hours day or night, allowing them to avoid the hottest parts of the day. Some species also experience aestivation (夏眠) digging deep into the ground where temperatures are lower. In conclusion, animals use a series of fascinating methods to beat the heat during hot summer months. Different species have developed own special ways to cool. The next time you visit a zoo, enjoy the remarkable ways they stay comfortable and cool even in the hottest of summers. 72．Which can help giant pandas stay cool in hot summer according to the text? A．A special misting system. B．Search for food and play at night. C．A special circulatory system. D．Breathe and sweat through their fur. 73．Why do keepers in zoos provide misting systems? A．To improve working conditions. B．To make water holes for animals. C．To get used to different climates. D．To give animals a cool environment. 74．If we keep a pet, what can we learn from Tips for Warm Weather? A．Never give it a ride in our car. B．Never let it do outdoor exercise. C．Use our sunscreen to protect it. D．Prevent its paws from hot surfaces. 75．How do small mammals beat the heat? A．Go outside at a cooler time. B．Keep their thick fur wet. C．Dig holes to drink more water. D．Open their beaks rapidly. 76．What is the best title of the passage? A．What animals do in hot summer. B．How animals stay cool in hot summer. C．What animal keepers do in the zoo. D．How animal keepers look after animals. 【答案】72．C 73．D 74．D 75．A 76．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了动物们在炎热的夏天是如何保持凉爽的。 72．细节理解题。根据“Pandas also depend on a special circulatory system (循环系统) that allows them to manage their body temperature more efficiently. ”可知，熊猫还依赖于一种特殊的循环系统，使它们能够更有效地控制体温，故选C。 73．细节理解题。根据“They use different ways such as providing plenty of shade and misting systems (雾化系统) to create cooling environments.”可知，是为了给动物们创造一个凉爽的环境，故选D。 74．推理判断题。根据“They breathe and sweat (出汗) through their paws, which helps them lose heat and stay cool.”可知，它们通过爪子呼吸和出汗，这有助于它们散热和保持凉爽，所以我们可以防止爪子接触热的表面，故选D。 75．细节理解题。根据“They may be more active during the cooler hours day or night, allowing them to avoid the hottest parts of the day”可知，在更凉爽的时候出去活动，故选A。 76．最佳标题题。根据“But how do our animal friends manage the heat? Let’s take a look at how animals stay cool during hot summers.”可知，本文主要介绍了动物们在炎热的夏天是如何保持凉爽的，故选B。 （2024·山东济宁·二模）The French artist Georges Seurat created many paintings in his short lifetime, among which A Sunday Afternoon on La Grande Jatte is the most famous one. People are attracted by this painting for three reasons. First, Seurat created this painting in a new way called “pointillism (点彩画法)”, which used small points of paint. By putting two colors next to each other, people could see a third color. Second, this painting is full of details (细节) about French life in the 1880s. There are several women wearing nice clothes and carrying parasols (遮阳伞). One woman is even walking a monkey. Others are enjoying themselves dancing and singing. Many of the men are dressed up with jackets and hats. And we can see dogs running around and children playing. There are boats on the water. It looks like a perfect summer day. Third, this painting makes people feel very calm. Even though a park like this could be a noisy place, Seurat makes it feel peaceful. He paints people sitting quietly in the shade (阴凉处). There is a girl smelling the flowers. She looks so beautiful. People in the painting are relaxing themselves on the cool, green grass and enjoying a beautiful day. It took Seurat two years to finish this beautiful painting. People are thankful that he completed it. It is a very peculiar painting because of Seurat’s use of pointillism, his attention to details, and the peaceful feeling he created. In a word, there are so many people who like this painting. 77．Why were people interested in his painting at first? A．Many girls were picking flowers. B．Many children were playing on a boat. C．Seurat drew the picture with three different colors. D．People had never seen paintings in this style before. 78．Which of the following picture is mentioned in the passage? A． B． C． D． 79．Which of the following can be seen in this painting? ①Some old men.  ②Boats on the water.  ③Several women wearing beautiful clothes.  ④Some dogs playing around a tree.  ⑤Some people sitting in the shade. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①③⑤ D．②③⑤ 80．What is the passage mainly about? A．It mainly talks about pointillism used in the painting. B．It mainly talks about the French artist Georges Seurat. C．It mainly talks about how the writer feels about the painting. D．It mainly talks about Georges’ painting style and why people like his painting. 【答案】77．C 78．C 79．D 80．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了人们喜欢乔治·修拉的油画《大碗岛的星期天下午》的三个原因。 77．细节理解题。根据“By putting two colors next to each other, people could see a third color.”可知，通过将两种颜色放在一起，人们就可以看到第三种颜色，也就是说，修拉用三种不同的颜色绘制了这幅画。故选C。 78．推理判断题。根据“One woman is even walking a monkey.”可知，画中有一个女人牵着一只猴子散步。选项C图片符合题意。故选C。 79．细节理解题。根据“There are several women wearing nice clothes and carrying parasols (遮阳伞)…There are boats on the water.”和“He paints people sitting quietly in the shade (阴凉处).”可知，在这幅画里，水面上有小船，几个衣着靓丽的女人，还有坐在阴凉处的人。故选D。 80．主旨大意题。根据“The French artist Georges Seurat created many paintings in his short lifetime, among which A Sunday Afternoon on La Grande Jatte is the most famous one. People are attracted by this painting for three reasons.”可知，本文主要论述了乔治的绘画风格以及人们为什么喜欢他的绘画的原因。故选D。 （2024·山东济宁·二模）“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friends are important to us. Friends help us get through hard times. Friends also influence us a lot. Let’s enjoy two poems about friendship. To Wang Lun I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go When suddenly on shore your farewell songs o’er flow However deep the Lake of Peach Blossoms (桃花) may be It is not so deep, Wang Lun! As your love for me A Time to Talk (By Robert Frost) When a friend calls to me from the road And slows his horse to a meaning walk, I don’t stand still and look around. On all the hills I haven’t hoed (锄地) And shout from where I am, what is it? No, not as there is a time to talk. I push my hoe in the ground, Blade (锄头)-end up and five feet tall And I go up to the stone wall For a friendly visit. Both poems are famous in their cultures, but they tell different stories. Li Bai described the scene (场景) of his friend seeing him off. US poet Robert Frost wrote about a friend’s visit when he was working. Li made a comparison. His poem shows the friendship between him and his friend is deeper than the deep water. Frost’s poem, on the other hand, tells the readers that we should stop what we are doing to talk with our friends. It tells us that nothing should get in the way of spending time with friends. The language is simple but sincere (真诚的). 81．What are friends in the passage? ①Friends are not in need.  ②Friends are important to us.  ③Friends influence us a lot.  ④Friends help us get through hard times. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 82．What is deeper than the Lake of Peach Blossoms in the first poem? A．Friendship. B．Culture. C．Meaning. D．Comparison. 83．What does the underlined part “get in the way of” mean? A．在路上 B．顺便说一下 C．阻碍，妨碍 D．用这种方式 84．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．The end of the friendship. B．The writers of the poems. C．The comparison of people. D．The analysis (分析) of the poems’ theme. 【答案】81．D 82．A 83．C 84．D 【导语】本文介绍了两首关于友谊的诗歌。 81．细节理解题。根据“Friends are important to us. Friends help us get through hard times. Friends also influence us a lot.”可知，朋友对我们很重要，朋友帮助我们度过难关，朋友也对我们有很大的影响。故选D。 82．细节理解题。根据“However deep the Lake of Peach Blossoms (桃花) may be It is not so deep, Wang Lun! As your love for me”可知，桃花潭水深千尺，不及汪伦赠我情，由此可知，与汪伦的友谊比桃花潭水还深。故选A。 83．词句猜测题。根据“It tells us that nothing should get in the way of spending time with friends.”可知，它告诉我们，没有什么可以阻碍和朋友共度美好时光，因此get in the way意为“阻碍，妨碍”。故选C。 84．段落大意题。根据“Both poems are famous in their cultures, but they tell different stories.”及本段的内容可知，最后一段是对于诗歌主题的分析。故选D。 （2024·山东临沂·二模） We can see circles, squares and triangles (三角形) everywhere in our daily life. Have you thought about their meanings in films? Much like colors, different shapes can show different features of characters in the scenes. Circles represent (代表) things that are soft and natural. The round shape reminds us of things that appear in nature, like the sun, flowers, raindrops and so on. We can also connect circles with beautiful eyes, babies’ round faces. All these things make us feel happy and warm. This is why so many cartoon characters’ bodies—heroes, kids, good people—are round in shape, because circles represent goodness, happiness and friendliness. Squares show things that are unnatural or man-made, or things that are boring or old-fashioned. In Up, Carl, an elderly man, has a square face and wears square glasses, while Russell is an 8-year-old boy with a round face. These shapes show the characters’ personalities. Carl is stubborn (执拗的) and lonely, while Russell is lovely and full of energy. The angriest shape is the triangle. Every kid who draws a monster (怪兽) with sharp teeth draws a row of triangles, don’t they? That’s because the shape represents fear, distrust and doubt in some way. Look at the bad guys in cartoons——they are all drawn with plenty of points and triangles, like Shengongbao in Ne Zha. And triangles are stable (稳固的) and don’t easily fall down. In films, this feature makes bad people difficult to deal with. Not only in cartoons, but also in other kinds of films, different shapes are used for the same purpose. So, next time you see a film, try to find the hidden shapes and you will know what the characters are like. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 85．How does the writer connect squares with personalities of cartoon characters? A．telling a story B．giving an example C．showing the results of a study 86．Which of the following cartoon character might be lovely and friendly? A．Shengongbao in Ne Zha. B．A boy named Russell in Up. C．An elderly man called Carl in Up. 87．Which of the following is the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraphl) A． B． C． 88．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．What different shapes stand for in films. B．What makes heroes in films fascinating. C．How to make cartoons with different colors and shapes. 【答案】85．B 86．B 87．A 88．A 【导语】本文介绍了我们随处可见圆形、正方形和三角形，不同的形状可以在电影的场景中显示不同的人物特征。 85．细节理解题。根据第三段“In Up, Carl, an elderly man, has a square face and wears square glasses, while Russell, an 8-year-old boy with a round face, always wears round medals.”可知作者解释卡通人物的个性与方格的关系靠举例子。故选B。 86．细节理解题。根据第二段“because circles represent goodness, happiness and friendliness”和第三段“Russell is an 8-year-old boy with a round face”与“Russell is lovely and full of energy”可知，在《飞屋环游记》中叫Russell的男孩也许会可爱且友好的。故选B。 87．篇章结构题。第一段提出主题，不同的形状可以在场景中显示不同的人物特征；第二三四段，分别介绍圆形、正方形和三角形与人物的联系；第五段总结。故选A。 88．主旨大意题。本文介绍了我们随处可见圆形、正方形和三角形，不同的形状可以在场景中显示不同的人物特征。因此文章主要是谈论不同的形状代表了什么。故选A。 （2024·山东日照·二模）Nowadays, more and more Chinese people go abroad to study, and they face many challenges. Because life abroad is so different from China, they need to get used to it. The first challenge is diet (饮食), because every country eats differently. As for breakfast, most westerners enjoy a simple breakfast as bread, eggs, bacon, orange juice or coffee. However, breakfast in China is usually very delicious, and people in the morning eat more intense flavors, such as porridge, steamed buns and noodles. Many people go out for breakfast on their way to work or school. Street vendors open their doors early and sell food to students passing by or people going to work—often at very low prices. After that is lunch and dinner. In China, people eat together, so there are many dishes. In a foreign country, each eats his own food. And there are big differences in the cooking process. Westerners usually only cook, fry, roast and roast, while Chinese people use more cooking methods, such as steaming, stewing, frying, stewing and drying. Chinese usually fry food in animal or peanut oil. Westerners use butter, sunflower oil and olive oil. It’s a very big challenge for young people. This allows people to learn to accept different foods and to get used to them. This allows them not to be picky (挑剔的) about what they eat, but to eat everything. They can also exercise their ability to cook. In China, students have classes very early every day. Many studies begin at six o’clock. In foreign countries, classes are usually at eight or nine. And school ends at three in the afternoon, so foreign students have more time to do their own thing. They can choose their own interests, such as football, soccer and tennis. They can be very relaxed. 89．What is the difference between Chinese and westerns in eating breakfast? A．Westerners like making their breakfast simple. B．Chinese people usually have a quicker breakfast. C．Chinese people prefer going out for breakfast. D．Westerners usually have breakfast at home. 90．What can the different diets encourage Chinese people abroad to do? A．To put their food to good use. B．To cook their own food. C．To better manage their eating time. D．To spread Chinese food. 91．Why do foreign students feel more relaxed after school? A．They have less homework. B．They have more hobbies. C．They have shorter school time. D．They have less stress. 92．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Advice on studying abroad. B．Different school lives. C．Challenges of studying abroad. D．Advantages of studying abroad. 【答案】89．A 90．B 91．C 92．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了在国外留学面临的一些挑战。 89．细节理解题。根据“As for breakfast, most westerners enjoy a simple breakfast as bread, eggs, bacon, orange juice or coffee. However, breakfast in China is usually very delicious, and people in the morning eat more intense flavors, such as porridge, steamed buns and noodles.”可知，西方人的早餐比较简单，中国人的早餐口味较重。故选A。 90．推理判断题。根据“They can also exercise their ability to cook.”可知，不同的饮食文化鼓励海外的中国人自己做饭，以锻炼他们的烹饪能力。故选B。 91．细节理解题。根据“In foreign countries, classes are usually at eight or nine. And school ends at three in the afternoon, so foreign students have more time to do their own thing. They can choose their own interests, such as football, soccer and tennis. They can be very relaxed.”可知，在国外，通常是八点或九点上课。下午三点放学，所以外国学生有更多的时间做自己的事情。他们可以选择自己的兴趣爱好，如足球、足球和网球。由此可知，外国学生在校的时间较短，因此他们可以非常放松。故选C。 92．主旨大意题。根据“Nowadays, more and more Chinese people go abroad to study, and they face many challenges.”可知，本文主要介绍了在国外留学面临的一些挑战。故选C。 （2024·山东日照·二模）The world is full of wonders, only if we open our eyes to see them. Millions of people around the world have been working together to honor the wonders in the nature. They chose their favorite places by voting (投票) by people around the world. The final list of the New Seven Wonders of Nature finally came out. Let’s take a look at some.The Amazon Rainforest Covering an area of 2.1 million square miles and running across nine different countries, it becomes the largest rainforest in the world. A single hectare (1,000 m²) of Amazon rainforest contains about 900 tons of living plants, including more than 750 types of trees and 1,500 other plants because of the enough rain around the year. It has long been described as the “Lungs of our Planet”. This is because its plants continuously recycle carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into oxygen (氧气). About 20 percent of the Earth’s oxygen is produced by the Amazon rainforest.Komodo National Park Indonesia Komodo National Park is made up of three larger islands and 26 smaller ones, with a total area of 733km², of which 603km² is land. The park was built to protect the endangered Komodo dragon, which can be as long as three meters and weigh over 70kg. The park also includes one of the world’s richest marine (海洋的) environments. No wonder that one of the most popular tourist activities in the park is diving (潜水). In the past, tourists were allowed to give food to Komodo dragon, but now this activity has been canceled.Table Mountain, South Africa From its name, you can tell that the mountain must look like a big table. Exactly, the mountain is steep (陡峭的) but the top is so flat (平的). People say that it’s as if the gods themselves put this mountain into place so they could drink and eat on it. The gods even have tablecloth—the cloud over the top of the mountain. 93．Why is The Amazon Rainforest called the “Lungs of our Planet”? A．It’s the world’s largest rainforest. B．It owns the largest number of plants. C．It has enough rain all year round. D．It produces a lot of oxygen. 94．Which is NOT true of Komodo National Park? A．It is made up of 29 islands. B．It is used to protect the Komodo dragon. C．It provides undersea activities. D．It allows giving food to Komodo dragon. 95．How does Table Mountain get its name? A．From its special location. B．From the shape of its top. C．From an ancient fairy story. D．From its famous local food. 【答案】93．D 94．D 95．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了 世界各地的人经过投票选出了大自然新七大奇迹，并介绍了其中三个。 93．细节理解题。根据“It has long been described as the ‘Lungs of our Planet’. This is because its plants continuously recycle carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into oxygen”可知亚马逊雨林被描述为“我们星球的肺”，这是因为它的植物不断地将二氧化碳循环转化为氧气。故选D。 94．细节理解题。根据“In the past, tourists were allowed to give food to Komodo dragon, but now this activity has been canceled.”可知过去，游客可以给科莫多龙送食物，但现在这项活动已经取消，选项D描述错误。故选D。 95．推理判断题。根据“From its name, you can tell that the mountain must look like a big table.”可知从它的名字，你可以看出这座山看起来一定像一张大桌子，所以它是因为它的顶端形状而得名。故选B。 （2024·山东菏泽·二模）Do you like to follow influencers (网红)? They are getting more and more popular these years. Now lots of people like to follow them when they are selling something online. However, influencers may not say what they really think about the things that they sell. They are only interested in selling more things to get more money. So, things people get may be different from what they expect. France has made some rules for influencers in the past few months. Influencers need to let people know that they are selling things. They mustn’t sell cigarettes or alcohol. Also, they shouldn’t ask people to join in betting (赌博), such as sports betting. As for makeup, they can use a filter (滤镜) to make things look better if they let people know. There are about 150,000 influencers in France. The rules worry many of them. If they break any of the rules, then they can end up in prison (监狱) for at most two years. They may also pay about 300,000 euros (about 2,300,000 yuan). France is the first European country to have such rules. It wants influencers to stop bringing problems to Internet users, especially the younger ones. 96．What are the influencers really interested in? A．Being popular. B．Selling things. C．Getting more money. 97．What can the influencers in France do? A．Sell cigarettes. B．Sell alcohol. C．Sell makeup without filter. 98．How many years can the influencers end up in prison for if they break any of the rules? A．Two years. B．At most two years. C．At least two years. 99．What can you learn from this passage? A．The influencers will get more and more popular in the future. B．Influencers should follow the rules and stop bringing problems to Internet users. C．We don’t need influencers any more. 【答案】96．C 97．C 98．B 99．B 【导语】本文主要讲了现在网红在网上卖东西，但并不真实。因此法国制定了一些规则来约束网红，让网红停止给互联网用户，特别是年轻用户带来坏处。 96．细节理解题。根据“They are only interested in selling more things to get more money. ”可知，网红只是对卖更多产品感兴趣以获得更多的钱。故选C。 97．细节理解题。根据“As for makeup, they can use a filter (滤镜) to make things look better if they let people know.”可知，在法国的网红在无滤镜下可以卖化妆品。故选C。 98．细节理解题。根据“If they break any of the rules, then they can end up in prison (监狱) for at most two years.”可知，他们最多可能会被判刑两年。故选B。 99． 推理判断题。根据“France is the first European country to have such rules. It wants influencers to stop bringing problems to Internet users, especially the younger ones.”可知，这些规定需要网红来遵守，停止给互联网用户带来问题。故选B。 （2024·山东威海·二模）Writing a wish-list to parents and waiting to open presents—festivals are often about enjoying treats. Although it can be fun, it’s easy to overlook other people in all the excitement. Did you know that giving to others could actually make you happier? Giving means offering something free to a family member, a friend, a stranger or a whole community. Choosing a thoughtful gift is one common way to give during some festivals, but giving is about much more than presents. “Giving isn’t just about physical things; it can be something as simple as giving your time to people,” explains Georgina Bennett from the organization Action for Children. “For example, helping family and friends with jobs around the house or helping an elderly neighbor cross the street is giving too.” ①Scientists have found that pleasure centers in our brain become active when we give to others. ②“Giving can increase our happiness,” explains Bennett. ③According to some scientists, people who give to others report greater happiness than those who treat themselves. ④Giving can also help us feel more connected to other people. Now you may want to give to others, but how? “There are lots of things that you can do. They may not cost anything or the cost may be really small,” advises Bennett. “For example, giving your time by playing with younger relatives or helping with the family pet. Baking (烘焙), writing letters to loved ones or donating (捐赠) toys and clothes are other ways to give during some festivals. Even simple things like giving food you no longer need to your local food bank can make a really big difference.” 100．What does the underlined word “overlook” in Paragraph 1 mean in Chinese? A．期待 B．审视 C．忽略 101．What is the purpose of the writer by using Bennett’s words in Paragraph 2? A．To show that giving comes in different forms. B．To tell how to choose gifts for different people. C．To explain the reason why people give to others. 102．Which of the following is probably the structure of Paragraph 3? A． B． C． 103．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Possible ways to give to others. B．Why donating things is popular. C．The influence of giving to others. 104．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Enjoy Giving. B．To Give or to Get. C．The Power of Happiness. 【答案】100．C 101．A 102．B 103．A 104．A 【导语】本文主要阐述了给予他人可以让我们更快乐，具体包括什么是给予、给予的好处以及给予的方式等。 100．词句猜测题。根据“Although it can be fun, it’s easy to overlook other people in all the excitement.”并结合选项可知，虽然这样很有趣，但在所有的兴奋中很容易忽略其他人，因此“overlook”的含义为“忽略”。故选C。 101．推理判断题。根据“ ‘Giving isn’t just about physical things; it can be something as simple as giving your time to people,’ explains Georgina Bennett from the organization Action for Children.’ ”可知，给予不仅仅是物质上的东西，它可以是像给别人时间这样简单的东西；由此推知作者引用Bennett的话是想说明给予有不同形式。故选A。 102．篇章结构题。通读全段可知，首先是当我们给予时，我们大脑中的快乐中枢变得活跃起来，即①，然后用Bennett的话“给予可以增加我们的幸福感”进一步肯定这一点，即②；③和④是阐述给予的好处。因此，B选项符合本段结构。故选B。 103．段落大意题。根据“Now you may want to give to others, but how?”及全段可知，最后一段是介绍给予他人的方式。故选A。 104．最佳标题题。根据“Did you know that giving to others could actually make you happier?”及全文可知，本文主要阐述了给予他人可以让我们更快乐，具体包括什么是给予、给予的好处以及给予的方式等；结合选项，A选项“享受给予”符合文意，为本文最佳标题。故选A。 （2024·山东济宁·二模）It’s hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don’t have to wash them before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050. One reason for this is climate (气候) change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected data (数据) from 27 countries that produce 86 percent of the world’s bananas. They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield (平均产量) has reached 1. 37 tons of bananas per hectare (公顷). However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world’s biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out. Shouldn’t bananas grow more easily if it’s hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range (范围) for growing bananas is between 24℃ and 32℃. If temperatures get too high, they will stop growing. Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other plants, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings (茎段) rather than seeds (种子). This means that all banana plants have the same genotype (基因型). In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all. One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus (真菌) in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease. 105．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．A banana tastes great. B．A banana is a much-loved fruit. C．A banana will die out in 30 years. D．A banana is convenient to be eaten. 106．From the passage, we can learn that _______. A．bananas grow from seeds instead of shoot cutting B．the higher the temperature is, the better bananas will grow C．in the last few years, the average yield of bananas has increased D．Panama has killed all the bananas in some areas like South Asia 107．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The advice of growing bananas. B．The difficulties of growing bananas. C．The perfect conditions of growing bananas. D．The reasons for the disappearance of bananas. 108．How is the passage organized? A． B． C． D． 【答案】105．C 106．C 107．D 108．B 【导语】本文介绍了香蕉面临消失的原因。 105．词句猜测题。根据“However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.”可知是指30年后香蕉可能会消失，故选C。 106．细节理解题。根据“They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield (平均产量) has reached 1. 37 tons of bananas per hectare (公顷).”可知气候变化改善了其中21个国家的生长条件。在过去的60年里，香蕉的平均产量达到了每公顷1.37吨。因此在过去的一些年里，香蕉的平均产量有所增加。故选C。 107．主旨大意题。本文介绍了香蕉面临消失的原因。故选D。 108．篇章结构题。第一段引出主题；第二三四段介绍气候原因；第五六段介绍疾病原因。故选B。 （2024·山东德州·二模）How quickly can you count from one to ten? Do you use ten different words to do it? Can you do it in English or do you have to use your first language? Do you count on your fingers? Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true. People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people begin counting with their first finger. They then extend (伸出) the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people count by using different finger positions. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand. Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers. For example, the aboriginal people (原住居民) in Australia don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don’t even have words for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers. Similarly, people of the Piraha tribe (皮拉哈部落) in northwestern Brazil don’t have words for numbers such as “one” or “three”. They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees” but can say “some trees”, “more trees” or “many trees”. Professor Edward Gibson from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology said that most people believe that everyone knows how to count, “But here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but it’s not useful in their culture, so they’ve never picked it up.” 109．Why does the writer list the four questions at the beginning of the passage? A．To make a survey. B．To interest the readers. C．To give examples. D．To interview the readers. 110．According to Paragraph 2, what is the difference between the US and China in finger counting? A．People from China count much faster than people from the US. B．People from the US usually begin counting with their thumb. C．People from China use finger positions to do counting. D．People from the US use only one hand to count from one to ten. 111．People of the Piraha tribe are from ________. A．the US B．Brazil C．Australia D．Asia 112．Which of the following is TRUE about aboriginal Australians? A．There are ideas of numbers in their life. B．There is no “some trees” in their language. C．They have only a few words for numbers. D．They have hand movements for numbers. 113．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Chinese people are good at counting. B．Counting quickly on fingers is not easy. C．Counting is difficult to learn in some tribes. D．People don’t need numbers in some cultures. 【答案】109．B 110．C 111．B 112．A 113．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不同的国家关于数字的文化是不尽相同的，告诉我们在某些文化中，人们不需要数字。 109．推理判断题。根据“Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true.”可知，许多人认为数字和数学在世界各地都是一样的，但是科学家们发现事实并非如此。由此可知作者通过使用四个问题来吸引读者的兴趣。故选B。 110．细节理解题。根据“In the United States, people begin counting with their first finger... get to ten. In China, people count by using different finger positions.”可知，在美国，人们开始用食指数数。在中国，人们用不同的手指姿势来数数。故选C。 111．细节理解题。根据“Similarly, people of the Piraha tribe in northwestern Brazil don’t have words for numbers such as ‘one’ or ‘three’”可知，皮拉哈部落的人来自巴西，故选B。 112．细节理解题。根据“However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.”可知，他们仍然能够理解关于数字的不同想法。故选A。 113．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了不同的国家关于数字的文化是不尽相同的，告诉我们在某些文化中，人们不需要数字。故选D。 （2024·山东潍坊·二模）According to a recent study, the Middle East is warming almost twice as fast as the rest of the world. Without a doubt, high temperatures will have deep influences on the development of the area. That shows the growing risk to humans caused by extreme (极端的) weather. With more and more extreme weather events, we must find better techniques to make predictions (预测) about them.   AI is a powerful tool. It can deal with information and provide advice to help us better understand and make predictions about the weather. Traditional weather models use information from satellites (卫星). But these models have their disadvantages: they are not very exact. They also fail to discover complex conditions of the air around the earth.         AI can overcome (克服) these disadvantages by using the technology of deep learning. It can learn from historical and real-time information and produce trustworthy predictions. AI can also deal with information from different places, such as satellite photos or online posts, to provide clearer pictures of the weather situation. A paper on the Pangu-Weather AI model has drawn a lot of attention. Pangu-Weather is the first AI prediction model that is more exact than traditional weather prediction methods. This model can increase the prediction speed by 10,000 times, making global weather prediction time drop to seconds. In May 2023, Typhoon Mawar appeared in the Pacific Ocean. According to the China Meteorological Administration, Pangu-Weather made exact predictions about the direction of Mawar five days before it changed its way in the eastern waters of the islands of Taiwan. 114．Which of the following is TRUE? A．High temperatures will have few influences on the area. B．The Middle East is warming faster than the rest of the world. C．Traditional weather models use information from satellites and are very exact. D．Traditional weather models can discover complex conditions of the air around the earth. 115．How can AI overcome the disadvantages of traditional weather models? A．By using information from satellites. B．By using the technology of deep learning. C．By only learning from real-time information. D．By dealing with information from the same places. 116．Why is Typhoon Mawar mentioned? A．To tell us about the risks of extreme weather. B．To show how exact Pangu-Weather’s predictions are. C．To talk about how useless traditional weather models are. D．To express that the problems of extreme weather have been solved completely. 117．What might be the best title of the text? A．The Risks of Extreme Weather B．The Pangu-Weather AI Model C．The Climate Change in the Middle East D．AI—The Powerful Tool of Weather Prediction 【答案】114．B 115．B 116．B 117．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了AI在天气预测方面的应用，以及其相较于传统天气预测模型的优势。 114．细节理解题。根据“the Middle East is warming almost twice as fast as the rest of the world.”可知中东地区的升温速度比世界其他地区快，故选B。 115．细节理解题。根据“AI can overcome (克服) these disadvantages by using the technology of deep learning.”可知，AI通过深度学习技术来克服传统天气预测模型的缺点，故选B。 116．推理判断题。根据“According to the China Meteorological Administration, Pangu-Weather made exact predictions about the direction of Mawar five days before it changed its way in the eastern waters of the islands of Taiwan.”可以得知台风Mawar的提及是为了展示Pangu-Weather的预测准确性，故选B。 117．最佳标题题。根据全文内容，文章主要讲述了AI在天气预测方面的应用，以及其相较于传统天气预测模型的优势，因此D选项“AI—The Powerful Tool of Weather Prediction”最能概括全文主题，故选D。 （2024·山东济宁·二模） The Chinese ping feng (folding screen) is an ancient invention and traditional Chinese furniture. Its earliest common use dates from the Han Dynasty. The term ping feng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning. As time passes, it has been made into different sizes with colourful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragon. It stands for nobility and power. The peacock, a beautiful bird, can be seen on screens, too. It’s a symbol of everlasting life. Beautiful flowers, which mean wealth and good luck, are also chosen as popular design of the ping feng. All the design carry people’s beautiful wishes. Behind the ping feng lies an interesting story. In the past, the unmarried daughter of a rich family was not supposed to see or be seen by men except her father, brothers or very close male cousins. When an admirer paid a visit, however, she might take a secret look at him from a screen behind which she would be completely hidden. Her father would discuss poems with the young man and ask him to create one. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the young man’s poem and his looks, she might agree to take him as a husband. Today the ping feng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical (实际的) use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, which adds style to them. The ping feng is more than beautiful furniture. 118．What was the ping feng used for at the very beginning? A．Dividing a room. B．Hiding a person. C．Acting as a moving wall. D．Protecting people from wind. 119．How does the writer develop his idea in Para.2? A．By telling a story. B．By watching TV C．By giving examples. D．By comparing differences. 120．What can we know about ping feng from Para.4? A．It’s not used any more. B．It’s still used in modern houses. C．It is out of date in modern times. D．It can’t match for the modern sofas and walls. 121．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Hidden Beauty of the Ping feng B．A Beautiful Story of the Ping feng C．Old Ping feng in Modern Homes D．Different Kinds of Ping feng 【答案】118．D 119．C 120．B 121．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统家具——屏风的相关信息，包括其由来、设计、背后的故事以及当代屏风的用途。 118．细节理解题。根据“The term ping feng means protection from wind, showing its purpose at the very beginning.”可知，屏风这个词的意思是防风，所以屏风开始是保护人们免受风吹。故选D。 119．推理判断题。根据“On screens usually appears a dragon ... The peacock ... Beautiful flowers ... All the design carry people’s beautiful wishes.”可知，屏幕上通常会出现龙、孔雀、花等图案，这些都承载着人们美好的祝愿，所以本段是通过举例子的方式来介绍的。故选C。 120．细节理解题。根据“Today the ping feng is back in fashion for its beauty and its practical (实际的) use as furniture. Acting as a moving wall or divider, it can be the perfect match for modern sofas and walls, which adds style to them.”可知，如今，屏风因其美观和作为家具的实用性而重新流行起来。作为一堵移动的墙或分隔物，它可以与现代沙发和墙壁完美搭配，为它们增添风格。所以现在的房子里还在用屏风，故选B。 121．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了中国屏风的用处以及它背后的一个故事，展示了屏风的隐藏之美，选项A“屏风的隐秘之美”符合主题，故选A。 （2024·山东济宁·二模） There are many deserts on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting. What are deserts like? Deserts can be hot and dry places. Rain may not fall there for months or years. Some deserts are sandy and stony. Deserts can also be very windy places: The wind can change the shape of the deserts. It moves sand around from place to place. Temperatures in the desert can vary enormously (非常). During the daytime,the temperature may reach 40℃ even in the shade (阴凉处). At night deserts can become very cold. In winter there may even be a frost (霜冻) in the early morning. Living in the desert The camel is sometimes called “the ship of the desert”. It stores food in its hump (驼峰) and can go for days without water. It has large feet which help it not to fall into the soft sand. Its long eyelashes (睫毛) keep out the sand during sandstorms. An oasis is an area of the desert where water may be found. The water may be in pools or under the ground. People and animals visit an oasis for water and food. Plants grow at an oasis. Some farmers are able to grow crops here. The Arabian Desert The Arabian Desert lies between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. In some parts of the desert, it is too hot for people to live. Oil was discovered under parts of the desert and in the Arabian Gulf. This oil has made some countries in the area very rich. Much of the money has been spent building fine cities with lovely parks and lakes, and people live a comfortable life there. 122．Which of the following can best describe deserts? A．Hot and dry. B．Sandy and rainy. C．Wet and stony. D．Windy and snowy. 123．The word“vary”in the passage means “________ ”. A．be low B．be high C．be similar D．be different 124．According to the passage, people and animals visit an oasis for ________. A．frost and crops B．sand and stones C．water and food D．money and oil 125．What is the best title of the passage? A．What is the weather like in deserts? B．What do you know about deserts? C．How do people live in deserts? D．Where is the Arabian Desert? 【答案】122．A 123．D 124．C 125．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于沙漠的有趣的事实。 122．细节理解题。根据“Deserts can be hot and dry places.”可知，炎热、干燥最能描述沙漠。故选A。 123．词义猜测题。根据下文“During the daytime, the temperature may reach 40℃...in the early morning.”可知，在沙漠，白天、晚上和清晨的温差很大，可推测出上一句意为“沙漠中的温差很大”，因此划线单词“vary”意为“差异、不同”。故选D。 124． 细节理解题。根据“People and animals visit an oasis for water and food.”可知，人和动物到绿洲是为了寻找水和食物。故选C。 125．主旨大意题。由“There are many deserts on the earth. And the following are some facts you may find interesting.”点明主题，说明文章介绍了关于沙漠的一些事实，接下来的小标题可看出从三个方面来介绍，选项A、C、D都只是其中一方面，B项“关于沙漠你了解什么？”概括了文章大意。故选B。 （2024·山东济南·三模）When you practice reading, you are not only repeating the words on the page, but also improving your reading abilities, learning and using background knowledge and learning new vocabulary, etc. While reading, you will learn around one new word for every 1,000 words you read. We did a survey about reading times among 300 students. The diagram (图表) shows the result of the survey. According to the survey, there is a huge difference between the number of vocabulary words learned by students who read for less than 15 minutes daily and 30+minutes every day. Unfortunately, the study also shows that the kids who read for half an hour or more daily take up less than 20% of students—about 50% of students read less than 15 minutes. Reading is important. We’d better read books in our free time. The more time we spend on it, the more we will get. 126．When kids are reading, they’re ________. ①practicing reading abilities                 ②remembering the passage  ③repeating the words ④using background knowledge            ⑤ learning new words A．①②③④ B．①③④⑤ C．①②④⑤ D．②③④⑤ 127．How many more words do students who read for 30+minutes learn than students who read for 15 minutes? A．1,909. B．6,249. C．8,158 D．11,957. 128．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．If read two hours, our vocabulary will be more than 13,866. B．Students have to read 15-29 minutes after they’re 12 years old. C．The higher grade you are in, the more time you’ll spend on reading D．The number of words you learn depends on how many books you read. 129．Which picture shows the percent of the three different reading time? A． B． C． D． 130．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To introduce the reading time. B．To encourage students to read more. C．To teach students to learn more words. D．To make a difference to reading time. 【答案】126．B 127．D 128．D 129．D 130．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过图表和数字对比说明了阅读的重要性。 126．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When you practice reading, you are not only repeating the words on the page, but also improving your reading abilities, learning and using background knowledge and learning new vocabulary, etc.”可知，当你练习阅读时，你不仅要重复页面上的单词，还要提高你的阅读能力，学习和使用背景知识，学习新词汇等。故选B。 127．细节理解题。根据“Students who read 30 or more minutes per day learn seven times more words compared with students who read less than 15 minutes per day.”并结合图表可知，每天阅读30分钟及以上的学生学习的单词量为13866，阅读少于15分钟的学生学习的单词量为1909。故选D。 128．细节理解题。根据“Students who read 30 or more minutes per day learn seven times more words compared with students who read less than 15 minutes per day.”并结合图表可知，阅读时间越长，学习的单词量越多，所以D项符合。故选D。 129．细节理解题。根据“Unfortunately, the study also shows that the kids who read for half an hour or more daily take up less than 20% of students—about 50% of students read less than 15 minutes.”可知，每天阅读半小时及以上的学生所占比例不到20%，大约50%的学生阅读时间不到15分钟，所以D项符合。故选D。 130．主旨大意题。根据“Reading is important. We’d better read books in our free time. The more time we spend on it, the more we will get.”并通读全文可知，文章通过图表和数字对比说明了阅读的重要性，所以B项符合。故选B。 （2024·山东德州·二模） Boyan Slat is an inventor from the Netherlands. He likes to create big projects to solve big problems, like plastic pollution in our oceans. When he was a teenager, he started a project called The Ocean Cleanup to help with this problem. While on vacation in Greece at the age of 16, he went scuba diving (浮潜) and saw more plastic bags than fish in the sea. This made him wonder “Why can’t we just clean this up?” So, he started researching the problem and possible technological solutions to clean up ocean’s plastic pollution. Then he looked for ways to deal with this problem and shared his ideas in a TEDx speech. Soon, the TEDx video about cleaning up ocean plastic pollution suddenly spread widely. People really liked his ideas, and he got a lot of support. This allowed him to drop out of his studies in Aerospace Engineering and then set up The Ocean Cleanup. With just 300 of his pocket money, Boyan started working on his plan. It took a lot of hard work, but in the end, Boyan and his team were$$