精品解析：2024届天津市河西区高三下学期三模英语试题

河西区2023-2024学年度第二学期高三年级总复习质量调查（三） 英语试卷 本试卷由第Ⅰ卷（选择题）、第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）组成，共130分，考试用时100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I’m afraid I can’t pass the English exam. — ______. It can’t be as difficult as you expected. A. Not to worry B. Take your time C. That’s right D. I have no idea 2. ______ prize for the winner of the competition is ______ two-week holiday in England. A. The; a B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. The; 不填 3. My grandfather is eighty now, but he is as ______ as a young man and dislikes sitting around doing nothing all day. A. satisfying B. energetic C. absorbed D. incredible 4. Keeping a healthy diet and taking regular exercise are effective ways to ______ you when you are working on a tight schedule. A. relieve B. rebuild C. refresh D. reform 5. — I’m leaving for Paris to attend a trade fair tomorrow. — ______. See you in a couple of weeks. A All the same B. All in all C. All the better D. All the best 6. During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t stop thinking about how huge a project it ________ have been to build it in ancient times. A. must B. could C. should D. need 7. In order for a team or group to be successful everyone must work hard, and ________. A. let off steam B. rise to their feet C. follow a route D. pull their weight 8. She didn't understand why I paid a repair man when my brother would do it for _. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something 9. ________ from J.K. Rowling’s book series of the same title, the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics. A. Adapting B. Having adapted C. Adapted D. To be adapted 10. ________by the teacher to leave the classroom made him feel ashamed. A. Asked B. Being asked C. Having asked D. To have asked 11. This new model iPad has a 10-hour battery life, the same as the earlier model, ______ its increased screen size. A. in spite of B. in place of C. in need of D. in case of 12. ______ we try our best, there’s no need to feel regret for these failures. A. Now that B. Even though C. As though D. So long as 13. One third of the neighborhood ______ covered with trees and the majority of the residents ______ foreigners. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is 14. After getting back to her hometown after graduation, Jenny finds it is no longer the village ______ it used to be. A. that B. where C. what D. how 15. My father called me yesterday, asking me _________I was getting along with the exam. A. as B. how C. whether D. why 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Only positive thinking is not enough to attain our goals. Our ____16____ act as beacons (灯塔) that tell us where we want to go, but we need some “negative” thinking to light up that ____17____ and to expose the obstacles we will face along the way. In the 2008 summer Olympics, Michael Phelps was ready to ____18____ his own record for the 200-meter butterfly swimming race. After Phelps’s first turn, his goggles (游泳镜) ___19___ water and he couldn’t see. To stop and ____20____ his goggles would mean disqualification. ____21____ without his sight, how was he supposed to know exactly when to turn? This misfortune could cost Phelps ____22____ seconds each lap (圈). So, what did he do? Had he done anything to ____23____ him for this moment? Yes. Phelps had been practicing something he ____24____ for himself: negative visioning. During his training. Phelps had already imagined in _____25_____ how he would respond in this moment of crisis. He already knew _____26_____ how many strokes (划水) he would take before he reached the next wall. So, though unable to see, he _____27_____ his strokes and made quick turns. And at last he won the gold medal. In psychology, the _____28_____ of balancing learned optimism with practical realism — or acting against the _____29_____ thought with the “negative” one —is called “mental contrasting”. It _____30_____ us to lower our strong expectations about a (n) _____31_____ outcome. So we can make wiser _____32_____ and maintain motivation while working toward our goals. Mental contrasting can make sure we consider realistic obstacles when _____33_____ our plan for the future. In this way, the obstacles in our way _____34_____ us to think more critically and _____35_____ become the means by which we achieve our goals in the first place. 16. A. concepts B. evaluations C. dreams D. wishes 17. A. life B. night C. situation D. path 18. A. break B. establish C. hold D. write 19. A. shut off B. stood against C. filled with D. took on 20. A. neglect B. adjust C. update D. remove 21. A. and B. but C. as D. if 22. A. slow B. memorable C. precious D. short 23. A. prepare B. rescue C. refresh D. control 24. A. contributed B. discovered C. kept D. created 25. A. fact B. turn C. detail D. addition 26. A. partly B. precisely C. generally D. rapidly 27. A. counted B. imagined C. designed D. remembered 28. A. trial B. task C. effort D. practice 29. A. original B. deep C. positive D. strange 30. A. requires B. allows C. urges D. commands 31. A. unrealistic B. accidental C. desired D. delayed 32. A. reforms B. decisions C. budgets D. progressions 33. A. supporting B. explaining C. transforming D. developing 34. A. warm B. lead C. remind D. forbid 35. A. eventually B. astonishingly C. abruptly D. secretly 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Discover World Heritage (遗产) Heritage is treasure from the past — what we live with today and what we pass on to future generations. To preserve it, UNESCO safeguards hundreds of natural and cultural World Heritage sites around the world. Here are 5 World Heritage sites: Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC, Rome was first the centre of the Roman Republic, then of the Roman Empire, and it became the capital of the Christian world in the 4th century. Founded in 3,000 B. C. , Damascus is one of the oldest cities in the Middle East. In the Middle Ages, it was the centre of a splendid craft industry, specializing in swords. The city has some 125 monuments from different periods of its history. Havana was founded in 1519 by the Spanish. By the 17th century, it had become one of the Caribbean’s main centres for ship-building. Although it is today a modern city, its old centre remains an interesting mix of Baroque and neoclassical (新古典主义的) monuments. Ping Yao, founded in the 14th century, shows the evolution of architectural styles and town planning in Imperial China over five centuries. Of special interest are the splendid buildings associated with banking, for which Ping Yao was the major centre for the whole of China in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The Rainforests of the Atsinanana are extremely important for keeping ongoing ecological processes necessary for the survival of Madagascar’s unique biodiversity (生物多样性), which reflects the island’s geological history. Having completed its separation from all other land masses more than 60 million years ago, Madagascar’s plant and animal life evolved in isolation (孤立). 36. According to the passage, Rome was ______ . A. a city only found in legend B. founded by a Roman Emperor C. once the capital of the Christian world D. the first centre of Roman Republic 37. Which of the following was first founded? A. Rome. B. Pingyao. C. Havana. D. Damascus. 38. What can you learn from the passage? A. Havana had become a modern city by 1600. B. Damascus was famous for its ship-building craft. C. Pingyao was once the major centre for banking in China. D. Madagascar has many animals from other land. 39. According to the passage, what caused Madagascar’s unique biodiversity? A. The ongoing ecological process of the island. B. The unique climate of the island. C. The rare and threatened animals on the island. D. The geological history of the island. 40. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article? A. To introduce five natural and cultural World Heritage sites. B. To discover more natural and cultural World Heritage sites. C. To preserve the natural and cultural World Heritage sites. D. To pass on to future generations the natural and cultural World Heritage sites. B A friend and I were having lunch and I asked about her son who was getting professional help for some behavioral problems he was having. Our conversation went like this: “There’s a good change in his attitude. He’s staying out of trouble, but I’m just waiting for the other shoe to drop.” she said. “It’s hard to trust him yet. He is doing things that he’s never done before, which is great. But I still need to supervise him just in case.” I asked a couple of questions: “Have you told him how proud you are of how far he’s come? Have you thanked him for the things he’s now doing but never did in the past?” She said no. And because she’s a very bright woman she followed it up with: “I really need to say those things because I am proud of him and I am grateful for what he’s doing now. All I keep doing is looking at what he’s still doing wrong and getting on him about that. How’s he ever going to feel good about himself and continue to improve if I don’t acknowledge him for all his improvements and growth?” “If I keep waiting for the other shoe to drop, it will!” I just smiled and told her I loved her and that she’s a great mom. The conversation moved on to a new topic. It’s worth taking a look at your close relationships, especially with your kids and asking yourself: Do I spend too much time letting them know what they’re doing wrong? Do I ignore their efforts toward positive change? Do I still find ways to be unsatisfied with their behavior? If you answer yes to any of those questions, you’re now the one who needs to do some changing. Never forget that people love to be acknowledged — not just for the big things but the little things, too. Appreciation and love are the driving force that keeps them wanting to do well and do something nice for others. 41. The author’s friend ______. A. was already satisfied with her son’s behavior B. was particular about her son’s attitude C. was still worried about her son’s behavior D. already fully believed in her son 42. The attitude the friend holds towards the author’s advice is ______. A. favorable B. negative C. unconcerned D. doubtful 43. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean? A. If I keep waiting for kids to correct mistakes, they will. B. If I keep waiting for kids to change positively, they will. C. If I keep waiting for kids to wear the other shoe, they will. D. If I keep waiting for kids to make mistakes, they will. 44. The motivations for kids to keep behaving well are ______. A. direct rejection and scolding B. proper affection and admiration C. blind love and appreciation D. strict requirements and standards 45. The best title for the text is ______. A. A Dialogue Between Two Women B. Are You Proud of Your Child? C. Be Patient When You Are a Parent D. One Major Thing Most Parents Forget to Do C For too many years now, the teaching of the English language in our grammar and high schools has been uninspiring, leaving an entire generation with only unclear ideas about how to write and speak clearly and well. Now The Handbook of Good English, a comprehensive, easy-to-use guide to modern grammar, punctuation, usage, and style, puts the best available advice about writing and using the English language at your fingertips. Intended to replace Strunk and White’s The Elements of Style and a host of other desk-reference books on careful writing, The Handbook of Good English is organized for both rapid reference to check specific points and for leisurely study to improve personal and professional writing. This comprehensive book explores syntax, punctuation, style, organization and tone. Edward D. Johnson does more than issue the rules; he gives examples, exceptions, and, more important, clear, easily understood explanations of why grammar has the rules it does. He also gives full attention to styling, the important matter of giving consistent treatment to numbers, abbreviation, generic terms, forms of address, foreign terms, etc., in good writing. A special feature of this book is the combined Glossary/Index (词汇表/索引), arranged from A to Z, to give instant answers to the most commonly asked questions about misused words, phrases, and constructions, and cross-referenced to the text of a longer explanation is desired. For the novice, the professional, for anyone who cares about the language, The Handbook of Good English is the crucial guide to proper communication. “The Handbook of Good English fills a real need for a basic and strict handbook of standard English grammar, punctuation rules and conventions of editorial styling. Because grammar has been taught so carelessly for the past 20 years, Johnson takes pains to explain reasons for and relationships between grammatical rules,” comments Booklist, a book-review magazine. 46. What does the author think of classroom English language teaching? A. Engaging. B. Time-consuming. C. Creative. D. Ineffective. 47. What is the purpose of The Handbook of Good English? A. To list English words commonly used in daily conversations. B. To provide advice on proper English communication. C. To further develop the idea in The Elements of Style. D. To highlight the importance of grammar learning. 48. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning Johnson’s book? A. Its diverse content. B. Its unique organization. C. Its publishing process. D. Its target readers. 49. Why is The Handbook of Good English special according to Paragraph 4? A. It has multiple glossaries for different users. B. It has extensive references for further reading. C. It has a section devoted to readers’ frequent confusions. D. It adopts a conversational approach to explaining grammar. 50. What can the comment from Booklist be regarded as? A Effective means of learning standard English. B. A further recommendation for Johnson’s book. C. An expectation of Johnson’s creation. D. An introduction to the history of English grammar. D What could well extend your life, and might assist you in the life to come? Answer: singing in a choir. It’s not a new discovery: there are endless studies on the subject. But there was a specific angle to this latest study done by Oxford Brookes University researchers, which compared the collective experience of choral singing to that of taking part in team sports. Choirs apparently win hands down. And as someone who since childhood has used singing as an excuse to stay off the sports field, I take no issue with that. In fact, I take no issue with any of these piles of research. The only thing I find annoying is that such an endlessly repeated truth results in relatively little action from the kind of people who could put it to good use. Not least, in government. From time to time I get invited as a music critic to the launch of some program to encourage more collective singing among school-age children. Expert s like Howard Goodall usually turn up. Then, six months later, everything goes quiet. The hard fact is that most state schools don’t bother much with singing. They say they don’t have the resources or the time. And even when a worthwhile singing project drops into their lap they turn it down. I know a woman named Golda who’s been trying hard to organize a performance of Benjamin Britten’s The Little Sweep — perhaps the greatest work for young children to sing together. But has she found her local schools responsive? Sadly not: it was all too much trouble. I got the chance to tour with a choir at age 11. It opened a world to which an 11-year-old from unfashionable parts of east London doesn’t generally get access. It spoke possibilities. All the physical and mental pluses are a happy bonus. But the joy of access to that world of music is what counts. Just think: if we could finally get Britain’s children singing. we wouldn’t need university researchers. We’d just do it and be all the better for it. 51. What does the underlined part “take no issue with” in Paragraph 2mean? A. Feel confused about. B. Make no comment on. C. Get unfamiliar with. D. Have no objection to. 52. Which of the following may the author agree with? A. Most children think little of singing. B. Most children prefer singing to doing sports. C. Most schools attach little importance to singing. D. Most schools don’t have the money or the time to form a choir. 53. What was Golda’s problem? A. She couldn’t find a choir to join. B. She failed to win local schools’ support. C. Howard Goodall turned down her invitation. D. The government was unwilling to provide resources. 54. Which word best describes the impact of the 11-year-old experience on the author? A. Eye-opening. B. Identity-awakening. C. Soul-comforting. D. Character-shifting. 55. What is the purpose of the text? A. To review the latest study on singing. B To advocate choir singing for children. C. To recommend musical works for the young. D. To compare the benefits of recreational activities. 第Ⅱ卷 （非选择题 共35分） 第二部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 It’s May, which means that millions of students are getting ready to receive their college diplomas. Grace Bush is one of them. Grace is just 16 years old — at the age when most teenagers have not even completed high school, Grace has graduated from Florida Atlantic University（FAU）with a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice. What’s even more astonishing is that the brilliant girl received her high school diploma from Florida Atlantic High School a week after she had graduated college! While pursuing two diplomas would have been enough to keep most kids busy, Grace, who graduated with a 3.86 grade-point average, seemed to even find time to play the flute for two bands. Though this youngest FAU graduate has attracted national attention with her unique accomplishments, for Grace, this is not deviant. That’s because she comes from a family of overachievers. Her 19-year-old sister Gisla, who is currently pursuing a master’s degree, also graduated at 16, while her 17-year-old sister Gabrielle, is already pursuing her master’s degree and is scheduled to graduate from FAU this summer. Grace’s education began when she was a toddler（刚学会走路的孩子）. She learned to read by snuggling（依偎）close to her two sisters while they were being taught and was proficient by the time she turned two. From then on, her mother decided to include Grace in all the school sessions she had with her two elder sisters. Not surprisingly, by the time she turned 13, the home schooled girl was ready for high school and college. Grace plans to return to FAU in the fall to pursue a master’s degree. Following that, the young girl wants to obtain a law degree and pursue a career that she hopes will end as a judge on the U. S. Supreme Court. 56. What is Grace Bush interested in besides studying?（no more than 3 words） _________________________________________________________________________________ 57. What does the underlined word “deviant” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?（only I word） _________________________________________________________________________________ 58. How did Grace Bush receive education before she was 13 years old?（no more than 5 words） _________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does Grace Bush hope to be in the future?（no more than 6 words） _________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of Grace Bush and her two sisters? Please explain.（no more than 25 words） _________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你的英国笔友Chris询问你高考之后对大学生活和学习会有哪些准备。请你给他回邮件，内容包括： 1. 大学生活和学习的准备； 2. 进行这些准备的理由； 3. 询问对方的假期计划。 注意：词数不少于100。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 河西区2023-2024学年度第二学期高三年级总复习质量调查（三） 英语试卷 本试卷由第Ⅰ卷（选择题）、第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）组成，共130分，考试用时100分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I’m afraid I can’t pass the English exam. — ______ It can’t be as difficult as you expected. A. Not to worry B. Take your time C. That’s right D. I have no idea 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我恐怕无法通过英语考试。——不用担心，它不会像你预期的那么难。A. Not to worry不用担心；B. Take your time慢慢来；C. That’s right没错； D. I have no idea我不知道。根据下文“It can’t be as difficult as you expected”可知，此处是在安慰对方不必担心，因为英语考试会像你预期的那么难。故选A。 2. ______ prize for the winner of the competition is ______ two-week holiday in England. A. The; a B. 不填; a C. 不填; the D. The; 不填 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：比赛获胜者的奖励是一个到英国度假两周的假期。分析句子可知，第一空格处缺少冠词，此处特指给获奖者的奖励，应使用定冠词the；第二空格处表示“一个两周的假期”，是泛指，应使用不定冠词a。故选A项。 3. My grandfather is eighty now, but he is as ______ as a young man and dislikes sitting around doing nothing all day. A. satisfying B. energetic C. absorbed D. incredible 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的爷爷现在80岁了，但是他和年轻人一样精力充沛，不喜欢坐着无所事事。satisfying“令人满意的”；energetic“精力充沛的”；absorbed“专心致志；全神贯注”；incredible“不可思议的”。根据下文“dislikes sitting around doing nothing all day”可知，爷爷不喜欢无所事事，因此说明爷爷精力充沛。故选B。 4. Keeping a healthy diet and taking regular exercise are effective ways to ______ you when you are working on a tight schedule. A. relieve B. rebuild C. refresh D. reform 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当你工作时间很紧的时候，保持健康的饮食和定期锻炼是让你精神焕发的有效方法。A. relieve缓解；B. rebuild重建；C. refresh使恢复精神；D. reform改革。根据后文“you are working on a tight schedule”此处指保持健康的饮食和定期锻炼是让你精神焕发的有效方法。故选C。 5. — I’m leaving for Paris to attend a trade fair tomorrow. — ______. See you in a couple of weeks. A. All the same B. All in all C All the better D. All the best 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：——我明天要去巴黎参加一个交易会。——一切顺利。几周后见。A. All the same依然；B. All in all总之；C. All the better更好了；D. All the best一切顺利。上文“I’m leaving for Paris to attend a trade fair tomorrow.”提到要去巴黎开会，所以祝愿一切顺利。故选D。 6. During our trip to the Great Wall last week I couldn’t stop thinking about how huge a project it ________ have been to build it in ancient times. A. must B. could C. should D. need 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我一直在想，在古代修建长城一定是一项多么浩大的工程啊。A. must必须，一定；B. could可以；C. should应该；D. need需要。结合句意及“to build it in ancient times”可知，此处表示对过去肯定的推测，指在古代修建长城一定是一项非常浩大的工程，故选A。 7. In order for a team or group to be successful everyone must work hard, and ________. A. let off steam B. rise to their feet C. follow a route D. pull their weight 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：为了使一个团队或群体成功，每个人都必须努力工作，尽自己的职责。A. let off steam宣泄感情；B. rise to their feet站起来；C. follow a route走一条路线；D. pull their weight做好分内的事；尽责。根据句意可知，为了团队的成功，每个人都应尽自己的职责。故选D项。 8. She didn't understand why I paid a repair man when my brother would do it for _. A. nothing B. anything C. everything D. something 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查不定代词。A. nothing什么也没有；B. anything任何事情； C. everything 每件事情； D. something某事。句意：她不明白为什么我要付钱给一个修理工，而我的哥哥却愿意免费做这件事。for nothing“免费”，故选A。 9. ________ from J.K. Rowling’s book series of the same title, the “Harry Potter” movies are universally acknowledged as classics. A. Adapting B. Having adapted C. Adapted D. To be adapted 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据乔安妮·凯瑟琳·罗琳的同名小说改编，哈利波特电影被人们普遍认为是经典影片。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语作状语，和句子主语之间是被动关系，过去分词表示被动完成，而to be done表示将来，故选C项。 10. ________by the teacher to leave the classroom made him feel ashamed. A. Asked B. Being asked C. Having asked D. To have asked 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被老师请出了教室使他感到羞愧。分析句子结构并结合句意可知此处用动名词作主语，him与ask之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动式作主语，故B项正确。 11. This new model iPad has a 10-hour battery life, the same as the earlier model, ______ its increased screen size. A. in spite of B. in place of C. in need of D. in case of 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这款新款iPad的电池续航时间与上一代相同，尽管屏幕尺寸增加了。A. in spite of尽管；B. in place of代替；C. in need of需要；D. in case of万一。前后句意存在让步关系，应用in spite of，此处指尽管屏幕尺寸增加了，单数这款新款iPad的电池续航时间与上一代相同。故选A。 12. ______ we try our best, there’s no need to feel regret for these failures. A. Now that B. Even though C. As though D. So long as 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：只要我们尽了最大的努力，就没有必要为这些失败感到后悔。A. Now that既然；B. Even though即使；C. As though好像；D. So long as只要。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用so long as。故选D。 13. One third of the neighborhood ______ covered with trees and the majority of the residents ______ foreigners. A. is; is B. are; are C. is; are D. are; is 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：这个社区的三分之一被树木覆盖，大多数居民是外国人。分数+of+名词作主语，谓语动词的形式要以of后面的名词而定，neighbourhood是不可数名词，所以，第一个空格处用is；the majority of后面的名词决定了它的谓语单复数形式，如果后面接可数名词复数，则谓语用复数，如果接不可数名词，则谓语用单数，所以the majority of the residents指的是复数概念，因此与are连用。故选C项。 14. After getting back to her hometown after graduation, Jenny finds it is no longer the village ______ it used to be. A. that B. where C. what D. how 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：毕业回到家乡后，珍妮发现它不再是以前的那个村庄了。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，village是先行词，从句中缺少表语，因此使用关系代词that引导定语从句，故选A项。 15. My father called me yesterday, asking me _________I was getting along with the exam. A. as B. how C. whether D. why 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我爸爸昨天打电话给我，问我考试考得怎么样了。A. as正如；B. how如何；C. whether是否；D. why为什么。此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how引导。故选B。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Only positive thinking is not enough to attain our goals. Our ____16____ act as beacons (灯塔) that tell us where we want to go, but we need some “negative” thinking to light up that ____17____ and to expose the obstacles we will face along the way. In the 2008 summer Olympics, Michael Phelps was ready to ____18____ his own record for the 200-meter butterfly swimming race. After Phelps’s first turn, his goggles (游泳镜) ___19___ water and he couldn’t see. To stop and ____20____ his goggles would mean disqualification. ____21____ without his sight, how was he supposed to know exactly when to turn? This misfortune could cost Phelps ____22____ seconds each lap (圈). So, what did he do? Had he done anything to ____23____ him for this moment? Yes. Phelps had been practicing something he ____24____ for himself: negative visioning. During his training. Phelps had already imagined in _____25_____ how he would respond in this moment of crisis. He already knew _____26_____ how many strokes (划水) he would take before he reached the next wall. So, though unable to see, he _____27_____ his strokes and made quick turns. And at last he won the gold medal. In psychology, the _____28_____ of balancing learned optimism with practical realism — or acting against the _____29_____ thought with the “negative” one —is called “mental contrasting”. It _____30_____ us to lower our strong expectations about a (n) _____31_____ outcome. So we can make wiser _____32_____ and maintain motivation while working toward our goals. Mental contrasting can make sure we consider realistic obstacles when _____33_____ our plan for the future. In this way, the obstacles in our way _____34_____ us to think more critically and _____35_____ become the means by which we achieve our goals in the first place. 16. A. concepts B. evaluations C. dreams D. wishes 17. A. life B. night C. situation D. path 18. A. break B. establish C. hold D. write 19. A. shut off B. stood against C. filled with D. took on 20. A. neglect B. adjust C. update D. remove 21. A. and B. but C. as D. if 22. A. slow B. memorable C. precious D. short 23. A. prepare B. rescue C. refresh D. control 24. A. contributed B. discovered C. kept D. created 25. A. fact B. turn C. detail D. addition 26. A. partly B. precisely C. generally D. rapidly 27. A. counted B. imagined C. designed D. remembered 28. A. trial B. task C. effort D. practice 29. A. original B. deep C. positive D. strange 30. A. requires B. allows C. urges D. commands 31. A. unrealistic B. accidental C. desired D. delayed 32. A. reforms B. decisions C. budgets D. progressions 33. A. supporting B. explaining C. transforming D. developing 34. A. warm B. lead C. remind D. forbid 35. A. eventually B. astonishingly C. abruptly D. secretly 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. B 21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在2008年夏季奥运会上，迈克尔·菲尔普斯200米蝶泳比赛中遭遇突发情况，他的游泳镜充满了水，导致他看不见，无法知道什么时候转弯。此时的菲尔普斯凭借着平时的训练为自己创造的东西：消极想象，清楚地知道自己将如何应对。虽然看不见，他还是快速地转身，最后他赢得了金牌。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的梦想就像灯塔，告诉我们要去哪里，但我们需要一些“消极”的想法来照亮这条道路，并暴露我们将面临的障碍。A. concepts概念；B. evaluations评价；C. dreams梦想；D. wishes愿望。根据上文“Only positive thinking is not enough to attain our goals.”提到实现目标，以及下文“beacons that tell us where we want to go”提到灯塔告诉我们要去哪里，由此可知，此处应表示我们的梦想就像灯塔，告诉我们要去哪里。故选C项。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的梦想就像灯塔，告诉我们要去哪里，但我们需要一些“消极”的想法来照亮这条道路，并暴露我们将面临的障碍。A. life生命；B. night夜晚；C. situation情况；D. path小路，小径。根据下文“and to expose the obstacles we will face along the way.”提到暴露我们将面临的障碍，由此可知，此处应表示我们需要一些“消极”的想法来照亮这条道路。故选D项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2008年夏季奥运会上，迈克尔·菲尔普斯准备在200米蝶泳比赛中打破自己保持的纪录。A. break打破；B. establish建立；C. hold举办；D. write写。 根据句意以及下文“his own record for the 200-meter butterfly swimming race”由此可知，此处应表示迈克尔·菲尔普斯准备在200米蝶泳比赛中打破自己保持的纪录。break one’s record“打破纪录”。故选A项。 【19题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在菲尔普斯第一次转身后，他的游泳镜充满了水，他看不见了。A. shut off关闭；B. stood against公开反对；C. filled with充满；D. took on呈现。根据下文“and he couldn’t see”由此可知，此处应表示他的游泳镜充满了水，他看不见了。故选C项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：停下来调整他的游泳镜意味着取消资格。A. neglect忽视；B. adjust调整；C. update更新；D. remove移除。根据上文“After Phelps’s first turn, his goggles (游泳镜) __4__ water and he couldn’t see.”提到他的游泳镜充满了水，他看不见了，由此可知，此处应表示停下来调整他的游泳镜。故选B项。 【21题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但他看不见了，怎么知道什么时候转弯呢？A. and和；B. but但是；C. as当……时候；D. if如果。根据下文“without his sight, how was he supposed to know exactly when to turn”可知，此处应表示转折语气，但是他看不见了，怎么知道什么时候转弯呢？故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种不幸可能会让菲尔普斯每圈损失宝贵的几秒钟。A. slow缓慢的；B. memorable难忘的；C. precious宝贵的；D. short短的。根据句意以及下文“seconds each lap”可知，此处应表示这种不幸可能会让菲尔普斯每圈损失宝贵的几秒钟。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他为这一刻做了什么准备吗？A. prepare准备；B. rescue营救；C. refresh使恢复精神；D. control控制。根据上文“So, what did he do?”以及下文“Phelps had been practicing something he ____9____ for himself: negative visioning.”可知，此处应表示他为这一刻做了什么准备。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：菲尔普斯一直在练习他为自己创造的东西：消极想象。A. contributed贡献；B. discovered发现；C. kept保持；D. created创造。根据句意以及下文“negative visioning.”可知，此处应表示菲尔普斯一直在练习他为自己创造的东西：消极想象。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：菲尔普斯已经详细地设想了在这个危机时刻他将如何应对。A. fact事实；B. turn转向；C. detail详细；D. addition补充。根据下文how he would respond in this moment of crisis.”可知，此处应表示他已经详细地设想了在这个危机时刻他将如何应对。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他已经准确地知道要划多少次才能到达下一堵墙。A. partly部分地；B. precisely准确地；C. generally普遍地；D. rapidly快速地。根据下文“how many strokes he would take before he reached the next wall.”提到划多少次才能到达下一堵墙，由此可知，此处应表示他已经准确地知道要划多少次才能到达下一堵墙。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，虽然看不见，他还是数着自己的划水动作，快速地转身。A. counted数；B. imagined想象；C. designed设计；D. remembered记得。根据上文提到的已经准确地知道要划多少次才能到达下一堵墙，以及下文“his strokes and made quick turns”可知，此处应表示他数着自己的划水动作，快速地转身。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在心理学中，平衡习得的乐观主义和实际的现实主义——或者用“消极”的想法来反对积极的想法——的做法被称为“心理对比”。A. trial实验；B. task任务；C. effort努力；D. practice实践，通常做法。根据句意以及下文“of balancing learned optimism with practical realism”由此可知，此处应表示平衡习得的乐观主义和实际的现实主义。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在心理学中，平衡习得的乐观主义和实际的现实主义——或者用“消极”的想法来反对积极的想法——的做法被称为“心理对比”。A. original原始的；B. deep深的；C. positive积极的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“thought with the “negative” one —is called “mental contrasting”.”由此可知，此处应表示或者用“消极”的想法来反对积极的想法——的做法被称为“心理对比”。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它使我们能够降低对期望结果的强烈期待。A. requires要求；B. allows允许；C. urges督促；D. commands命令。根据句意以及下文“... us to lower our strong expectations”可知，此处应表示它使我们能够降低对期望结果的强烈期待。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事”。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它使我们能够降低对期望结果的强烈期待。A. unrealistic不现实的；B. accidental偶然地；C. desired渴望的；D. delayed延迟的。根据上文提到的用“消极”的想法来降低对期望结果的强烈期待，以及上文“lower our strong expectations”可知，此处应表示它使我们能够降低对期望结果的强烈期待。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们可以做出更明智的决定，并在朝着目标努力的同时保持动力。A. reforms改革；B. decisions决定；C. budgets预算；D. progressions进步。根据下文“and maintain motivation while working toward our goals.”提到朝着目标努力的同时保持动力，由此可知，此处应表示我们可以做出更明智的决定。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理对比可以确保我们在制定未来计划时考虑到现实的障碍。A. supporting支持；B. explaining解释；C. transforming改变；D. developing发展。根据句意以及下文“our plan for the future”可知，此处应表示心理对比可以确保我们在制定未来计划时考虑到现实的障碍。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这种方式，我们前进道路上的障碍引导我们更加批判性地思考，并最终成为我们实现目标的手段。A. warm温暖；B. lead引导；C. remind提醒；D. forbid禁止。根据上文“the obstacles in our way”以及下文“…us to think more critically”由此可知，此处应表示前进道路上的障碍引导我们更加批判性地思考。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：通过这种方式，我们前进道路上的障碍引导我们更加批判性地思考，并最终成为我们实现目标的手段。A. eventually最终；B. astonishingly惊讶地；C. abruptly突然地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“become the means by which we achieve our goals in the first place.”由此可知，此处应表示最终成为我们实现目标的手段。故选A项。 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Discover World Heritage (遗产) Heritage is treasure from the past — what we live with today and what we pass on to future generations. To preserve it, UNESCO safeguards hundreds of natural and cultural World Heritage sites around the world. Here are 5 World Heritage sites: Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC, Rome was first the centre of the Roman Republic, then of the Roman Empire, and it became the capital of the Christian world in the 4th century. Founded in 3,000 B. C. , Damascus is one of the oldest cities in the Middle East. In the Middle Ages, it was the centre of a splendid craft industry, specializing in swords. The city has some 125 monuments from different periods of its history. Havana was founded in 1519 by the Spanish. By the 17th century, it had become one of the Caribbean’s main centres for ship-building. Although it is today a modern city, its old centre remains an interesting mix of Baroque and neoclassical (新古典主义的) monuments. Ping Yao, founded in the 14th century, shows the evolution of architectural styles and town planning in Imperial China over five centuries. Of special interest are the splendid buildings associated with banking, for which Ping Yao was the major centre for the whole of China in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The Rainforests of the Atsinanana are extremely important for keeping ongoing ecological processes necessary for the survival of Madagascar’s unique biodiversity (生物多样性), which reflects the island’s geological history. Having completed its separation from all other land masses more than 60 million years ago, Madagascar’s plant and animal life evolved in isolation (孤立). 36. According to the passage, Rome was ______ . A. a city only found in legend B. founded by a Roman Emperor C. once the capital of the Christian world D. the first centre of Roman Republic 37. Which of the following was first founded? A. Rome. B. Pingyao. C. Havana. D. Damascus. 38. What can you learn from the passage? A. Havana had become a modern city by 1600. B. Damascus was famous for its ship-building craft. C. Pingyao was once the major centre for banking in China. D. Madagascar has many animals from other land. 39. According to the passage, what caused Madagascar’s unique biodiversity? A. The ongoing ecological process of the island. B. The unique climate of the island. C. The rare and threatened animals on the island. D. The geological history of the island. 40. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article? A. To introduce five natural and cultural World Heritage sites. B. To discover more natural and cultural World Heritage sites. C. To preserve the natural and cultural World Heritage sites. D. To pass on to future generations the natural and cultural World Heritage sites. 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上五处世界自然和文化遗产的情况。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第一部分“Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC, Rome was first the centre of the Roman Republic, then of the Roman Empire, and it became the capital of the Christian world in the 4th century.(据传说，罗马由罗穆卢斯和雷穆斯于公元前753年建立，首先是罗马共和国的中心，然后是罗马帝国，在4世纪成为基督教世界的首都)”可知，罗马曾经是基督教世界的首都。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第一部分中“Founded, according to legend, by Romulus and Remus in 753 BC(据传说，罗马由罗穆卢斯和雷穆斯于公元前753年建立)”；表格第二部分中“Founded in 3,000 B. C. , Damascus is one of the oldest cities in the Middle East.(大马士革建于公元前3000年，是中东最古老的城市之一)”；第三部分中“Havana was founded in 1519 by the Spanish.(哈瓦那于1519年由西班牙人建立)”；第四段部分中“Ping Yao, founded in the 14th century(平遥，始建于14世纪)”可知，大马士革是最早建立的。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四部分中“Of special interest are the splendid buildings associated with banking, for which Ping Yao was the major centre for the whole of China in the 19th and early 20th centuries.(尤其令人感兴趣的是与银行业有关的壮观建筑，在19世纪和20世纪初，平遥曾是整个中国银行业的主要中心)”可知，平遥曾经是中国银行业的主要中心。故选C。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The Rainforests of the Atsinanana are extremely important for keeping ongoing ecological processes necessary for the survival of Madagascar’s unique biodiversity (生物多样性), which reflects the island’s geological history.( Atsinanana的热带雨林对保持持续的生态过程至关重要，这对马达加斯加独特的生物多样性的生存至关重要，这反映了该岛的地质历史)”可知，马达加斯加岛的地质历史造成了马达加斯加独特的生物多样性。故选D。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Heritage is treasure from the past — what we live with today and what we pass on to future generations. To preserve it, UNESCO safeguards hundreds of natural and cultural World Heritage sites around the world.(遗产是来自过去的财富——我们今天生活的东西，以及我们传给后代的东西。为了保护它，联合国教科文组织在世界各地保护了数百处世界自然和文化遗产)”以及第二段“Here are 5 World Heritage sites(以下是5处世界遗产)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍五处世界自然和文化遗产。故选A。 B A friend and I were having lunch and I asked about her son who was getting professional help for some behavioral problems he was having. Our conversation went like this: “There’s a good change in his attitude. He’s staying out of trouble, but I’m just waiting for the other shoe to drop.” she said. “It’s hard to trust him yet. He is doing things that he’s never done before, which is great. But I still need to supervise him just in case.” I asked a couple of questions: “Have you told him how proud you are of how far he’s come? Have you thanked him for the things he’s now doing but never did in the past?” She said no. And because she’s a very bright woman she followed it up with: “I really need to say those things because I am proud of him and I am grateful for what he’s doing now. All I keep doing is looking at what he’s still doing wrong and getting on him about that. How’s he ever going to feel good about himself and continue to improve if I don’t acknowledge him for all his improvements and growth?” “If I keep waiting for the other shoe to drop, it will!” I just smiled and told her I loved her and that she’s a great mom. The conversation moved on to a new topic. It’s worth taking a look at your close relationships, especially with your kids and asking yourself: Do I spend too much time letting them know what they’re doing wrong? Do I ignore their efforts toward positive change? Do I still find ways to be unsatisfied with their behavior? If you answer yes to any of those questions, you’re now the one who needs to do some changing. Never forget that people love to be acknowledged — not just for the big things but the little things, too. Appreciation and love are the driving force that keeps them wanting to do well and do something nice for others. 41. The author’s friend ______. A. was already satisfied with her son’s behavior B. was particular about her son’s attitude C. was still worried about her son’s behavior D. already fully believed in her son 42. The attitude the friend holds towards the author’s advice is ______. A. favorable B. negative C. unconcerned D. doubtful 43. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean? A. If I keep waiting for kids to correct mistakes, they will. B. If I keep waiting for kids to change positively, they will. C. If I keep waiting for kids to wear the other shoe, they will. D. If I keep waiting for kids to make mistakes, they will. 44. The motivations for kids to keep behaving well are ______. A. direct rejection and scolding B. proper affection and admiration C. blind love and appreciation D. strict requirements and standards 45. The best title for the text is ______. A. A Dialogue Between Two Women B. Are You Proud of Your Child? C. Be Patient When You Are a Parent D. One Major Thing Most Parents Forget to Do 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲在孩子行为改善过程中的心理变化，以及通过对话意识到表扬与认可对孩子成长的重要性。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“There’s a good change in his attitude. He’s staying out of trouble, but I’m just waiting for the other shoe to drop.(他的态度有了很好的转变，他不再惹麻烦，但我还是担心随时会有不好的事情发生)”可知，作者的朋友仍然担心她儿子的行为。故选C。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“And because she’s a very bright woman she followed it up with: “I really need to say those things because I am proud of him and I am grateful for what he’s doing now. (因为她是一个非常聪明的女性，她随即补充道：“我真的需要对他说这些话，因为我确实为他感到骄傲，也很感激他现在的改变和成长)”可知，这位朋友认同作者的建议，并意识到了自己需要改变的地方。故选A。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“All I keep doing is looking at what he’s still doing wrong and getting on him about that. How’s he ever going to feel good about himself and continue to improve if I don’t acknowledge him for all his improvements and growth?(我一直只关注他做得不对的地方，并为此责备他。如果我不承认并赞赏他的所有进步和成长，他又怎么能自我感觉良好并继续进步呢？)”可知，划线句子的意思是如果我一直预期不好的事情会发生，那么这种预期很可能会成为现实,其中“wait for the other shoe to drop”为习惯用语，意为“提心吊胆等待结果(一般是不好的结果)”，D选项“如果我一直等待孩子们犯错，他们就真的会犯错。”与划线部分语意一致。故选D。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Never forget that people love to be acknowledged — not just for the big things but the little things, too. Appreciation and love are the driving force that keeps them wanting to do well and do something nice for others.(永远不要忘记，人们喜欢被认可——不仅仅是因为大事，也包括小事。欣赏和爱是驱使他们想要做得更好并为别人做好事的动力)”可知，孩子们持续表现良好的动机是适当的爱和赞赏。故选B。 【45题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段中“Never forget that people love to be acknowledged — not just for the big things but the little things, too. Appreciation and love are the driving force that keeps them wanting to do well and do something nice for others.(永远不要忘记，人们喜欢被认可——不仅仅是因为大事，也包括小事。欣赏和爱是驱使他们想要做得更好并为别人做好事的动力)”可知，文章通过作者与朋友的对话，引出大多数父母容易忽略的一件事：对孩子表达认可和赞赏的重要性，D选项“大多数父母忘记做的一件大事”适合作为文章标题。故选D。 C For too many years now the teaching of the English language in our grammar and high schools has been uninspiring, leaving an entire generation with only unclear ideas about how to write and speak clearly and well. Now The Handbook of Good English, a comprehensive, easy-to-use guide to modern grammar, punctuation, usage, and style, puts the best available advice about writing and using the English language at your fingertips. Intended to replace Strunk and White’s The Elements of Style and a host of other desk-reference books on careful writing, The Handbook of Good English is organized for both rapid reference to check specific points and for leisurely study to improve personal and professional writing. This comprehensive book explores syntax, punctuation, style, organization and tone. Edward D. Johnson does more than issue the rules; he gives examples, exceptions, and, more important, clear, easily understood explanations of why grammar has the rules it does. He also gives full attention to styling, the important matter of giving consistent treatment to numbers, abbreviation, generic terms, forms of address, foreign terms, etc., in good writing. A special feature of this book is the combined Glossary/Index (词汇表/索引), arranged from A to Z, to give instant answers to the most commonly asked questions about misused words, phrases, and constructions, and cross-referenced to the text of a longer explanation is desired. For the novice, the professional, for anyone who cares about the language, The Handbook of Good English is the crucial guide to proper communication. “The Handbook of Good English fills a real need for a basic and strict handbook of standard English grammar, punctuation rules and conventions of editorial styling. Because grammar has been taught so carelessly for the past 20 years, Johnson takes pains to explain reasons for and relationships between grammatical rules,” comments Booklist, a book-review magazine. 46. What does the author think of classroom English language teaching? A. Engaging. B. Time-consuming. C. Creative. D. Ineffective. 47. What is the purpose of The Handbook of Good English? A. To list English words commonly used in daily conversations. B. To provide advice on proper English communication. C. To further develop the idea in The Elements of Style. D. To highlight the importance of grammar learning. 48. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning Johnson’s book? A. Its diverse content. B. Its unique organization. C. Its publishing process. D. Its target readers. 49. Why is The Handbook of Good English special according to Paragraph 4? A. It has multiple glossaries for different users. B. It has extensive references for further reading. C. It has a section devoted to readers’ frequent confusions. D. It adopts a conversational approach to explaining grammar. 50. What can the comment from Booklist be regarded as? A. Effective means of learning standard English. B. A further recommendation for Johnson’s book. C. An expectation of Johnson’s creation. D. An introduction to the history of English grammar. 【答案】46. D 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《The Handbook of Good English》这本书的组织形式、重点内容和特色。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“For too many years now, the teaching of the English language in our grammar and high schools has been uninspiring, leaving an entire generation with only unclear ideas about how to write and speak clearly and well. (多年来，我们的语法和高中的英语教学一直不令人振奋，给整整一代人留下了关于如何清晰地写作和说话的模糊概念。)”可知，作者认为英语课堂教学是无效的。故选D。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“For the novice, the professional, for anyone who cares about the language,  The Handbook of Good English is the crucial guide to proper communication.(对于初学者，专业人士，以及任何关心语言的人来说，《良好英语手册》是恰当沟通的关键指南。) ”可知，《良好英语手册》的作用是为恰当的英语交流提供建议。故选B。 【48题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段的“This comprehensive book explores syntax, punctuation, style, organization and tone. Edward D. Johnson does more than issue the rules; he gives examples, exceptions, and, more important, clear, easily understood explanations of why grammar has the rules it does. He also gives full attention to styling, the important matter of giving consistent treatment to numbers, abbreviation, generic terms, forms of address, foreign terms, etc., in good writing.(这本全面的书探讨了语法、标点、风格、组织和语气。Edward D. Johnson不仅仅是发布规则；他给出了例子、例外，更重要的是，他清晰易懂地解释了为什么语法有它所具有的规则。他还充分注意了风格以及在良好的写作中对数字、缩写、通用术语、称呼形式、外来语等给予一致处理的重要问题。)”可知，Johnson的书中涉及到的内容是多种多样的。故选A。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“A special feature of this book is the combined Glossary/Index, arranged from A to Z, to give instant answers to the most commonly asked questions about misused words, phrases, and constructions, and cross-referenced to the text of a longer explanation is desired. (这本书的一个特别的功能是组合词汇表/索引，是从A到Z排列的，对于最常见的问题给出即时答案，包括误用的单词，短语，和结构，并交叉引用较长的解释文本是必要的。)”可知，《良好英语手册》是特别的是因为它有一个章节专门讨论读者经常遇到的困惑。故选C。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Because grammar has been taught so carelessly for the past 20 years, Johnson takes pains to explain reasons for and relationships between grammatical rules,” comments Booklist, a book-review magazine.(书评杂志Booklist评论道：“由于过去20年的语法教学过于草率，Johnson煞费苦心地解释语法规则的原因和相互关系。”)”可知，来自Booklist的评论可以被视为对Johnson这本书的进一步推荐。故选B。 D What could well extend your life, and might assist you in the life to come? Answer: singing in a choir. It’s not a new discovery: there are endless studies on the subject. But there was a specific angle to this latest study done by Oxford Brookes University researchers, which compared the collective experience of choral singing to that of taking part in team sports. Choirs apparently win hands down. And as someone who since childhood has used singing as an excuse to stay off the sports field, I take no issue with that. In fact, I take no issue with any of these piles of research. The only thing I find annoying is that such an endlessly repeated truth results in relatively little action from the kind of people who could put it to good use. Not least, in government. From time to time I get invited as a music critic to the launch of some program to encourage more collective singing among school-age children. Expert s like Howard Goodall usually turn up. Then, six months later, everything goes quiet. The hard fact is that most state schools don’t bother much with singing. They say they don’t have the resources or the time. And even when a worthwhile singing project drops into their lap, they turn it down. I know a woman named Golda who’s been trying hard to organize a performance of Benjamin Britten’s The Little Sweep — perhaps the greatest work for young children to sing together. But has she found her local schools responsive? Sadly not: it was all too much trouble. I got the chance to tour with a choir at age 11. It opened a world to which an 11-year-old from unfashionable parts of east London doesn’t generally get access. It spoke possibilities. All the physical and mental pluses are a happy bonus. But the joy of access to that world of music is what counts. Just think: if we could finally get Britain’s children singing. we wouldn’t need university researchers. We’d just do it, and be all the better for it. 51. What does the underlined part “take no issue with” in Paragraph 2mean? A. Feel confused about. B. Make no comment on. C. Get unfamiliar with. D. Have no objection to. 52. Which of the following may the author agree with? A. Most children think little of singing. B. Most children prefer singing to doing sports. C. Most schools attach little importance to singing. D. Most schools don’t have the money or the time to form a choir. 53. What was Golda’s problem? A. She couldn’t find a choir to join. B. She failed to win local schools’ support. C. Howard Goodall turned down her invitation. D. The government was unwilling to provide resources. 54. Which word best describes the impact of the 11-year-old experience on the author? A. Eye-opening. B. Identity-awakening. C. Soul-comforting. D. Character-shifting. 55. What is the purpose of the text? A. To review the latest study on singing. B To advocate choir singing for children. C. To recommend musical works for the young. D. To compare the benefits of recreational activities. 【答案】51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了牛津布鲁克斯大学研究人员研究发现合唱对于儿童成长和教育有许多积极的影响，呼吁让更多的儿童参与其中受益并获得快乐。 【51题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段的“What could well extend your life, and might assist you in the life to come? Answer: singing in a choir. It’s not a new discovery: there are endless studies on the subject.(什么能延长你的寿命，并在未来的生活中帮助你？答案是：在唱诗班唱歌。这并不是一个新发现：关于这个主题的研究是无止境的。)”和第二段的“Choirs apparently win hands down. And as someone who since childhood has used singing as an excuse to stay off the sports field, I take no issue with that.(合唱团显然轻松获胜。作为一个从小就以唱歌为借口远离运动场地的人，我对此……。)”可知，作者对唱诗班的好处持认同态度，而不是否定或有异议，因此划线短语表示“不反对”。故选D。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的“The hard fact is that most state schools don’t bother much with singing. They say they don’t have the resources or the time. And even when a worthwhile singing project drops into their lap, they turn it down. (不可否认的事实是，大多数公立学校都不太在意唱歌。他们说他们没有资源也没有时间。甚至当一个有价值的歌唱项目来到他们那里时，他们也拒绝了。) ”可知， 大多数学校不重视唱歌。故选C。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的“I know a woman named Golda who’s been trying hard to organize a performance of Benjamin Britten’s The Little Sweep—perhaps the greatest work for young children to sing together. But has she found her local schools responsive? Sadly not: it was all too much trouble.(我认识一个叫戈尔达的女人，她一直在努力组织本杰明·布里顿的《小扫荡》的演出，这也许是孩子们一起唱歌的最好的作品。但她发现当地的学校有反应吗？遗憾的是没有，他们认为这太麻烦了。)”可知，Golda没能赢得当地学校的支持来组织演出。故选B。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段的“I got the chance to tour with a choir at age 11. It opened a world to which an 11-year-old from unfashionable parts of east London doesn’t generally get access. It spoke possibilities. All the physical and mental pluses are a happy bonus. But the joy of access to that world of music is what counts.(11岁时，我有机会和合唱团一起巡演。它打开了一个世界，一个来自伦敦东部不时尚地区的11岁孩子通常无法进入的世界。它讲述了各种可能性。身体和精神上都得到了快乐的奖励。但进入音乐世界的快乐才是最重要的。)”可知，11岁的巡演经历让作者大开眼界。故选A。 【55题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Just think: if we could finally get Britain’s children singing. we wouldn’t need university researchers. We’d just do it, and be all the better for it.(试想一下：如果我们最终能让英国的孩子们唱歌。我们不需要大学研究人员。我们就这么做，并因此变得更好。)”可知，文章主要讲述了牛津布鲁克斯大学研究人员研究发现合唱对于儿童成长和教育有许多积极的影响，呼吁让更多的儿童参与其中受益并获得快乐。作者提倡儿童参与唱诗班活动。故选B。 第Ⅱ卷 （非选择题 共35分） 第二部分：写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 It’s May, which means that millions of students are getting ready to receive their college diplomas. Grace Bush is one of them. Grace is just 16 years old — at the age when most teenagers have not even completed high school, Grace has graduated from Florida Atlantic University（FAU）with a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice. What’s even more astonishing is that the brilliant girl received her high school diploma from Florida Atlantic High School a week after she had graduated college! While pursuing two diplomas would have been enough to keep most kids busy, Grace, who graduated with a 3.86 grade-point average, seemed to even find time to play the flute for two bands. Though this youngest FAU graduate has attracted national attention with her unique accomplishments, for Grace, this is not deviant. That’s because she comes from a family of overachievers. Her 19-year-old sister Gisla, who is currently pursuing a master’s degree, also graduated at 16, while her 17-year-old sister Gabrielle, is already pursuing her master’s degree and is scheduled to graduate from FAU this summer. Grace’s education began when she was a toddler（刚学会走路的孩子）. She learned to read by snuggling（依偎）close to her two sisters while they were being taught and was proficient by the time she turned two. From then on, her mother decided to include Grace in all the school sessions she had with her two elder sisters. Not surprisingly, by the time she turned 13, the home schooled girl was ready for high school and college. Grace plans to return to FAU in the fall to pursue a master’s degree. Following that, the young girl wants to obtain a law degree and pursue a career that she hopes will end as a judge on the U. S. Supreme Court. 56. What is Grace Bush interested in besides studying?（no more than 3 words） _________________________________________________________________________________ 57. What does the underlined word “deviant” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?（only I word） _________________________________________________________________________________ 58. How did Grace Bush receive education before she was 13 years old?（no more than 5 words） _________________________________________________________________________________ 59. What does Grace Bush hope to be in the future?（no more than 6 words） _________________________________________________________________________________ 60. What do you think of Grace Bush and her two sisters? Please explain.（no more than 25 words） _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】56. Playing the flute. 57. Abnormal. 58. She was taught at home. 59. She wants to be a judge. 60. They are all brilliant and I think they must have put in a lot of hard work to achieve such success. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了Grace Bush的非凡成就和家庭教育环境。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段的“While pursuing two diplomas would have been enough to keep most kids busy, Grace, who graduated with a 3.86 grade-point average, seemed to even find time to play the flute for two bands.(虽然追求两个文凭足以让大多数孩子忙碌起来，但以平均3.86分的成绩毕业的格蕾丝似乎甚至抽出时间为两个乐队演奏长笛。)”可知，除了学习，格雷斯·布什还对演奏长笛感兴趣。故答案为：Playing the flute. 【57题详解】 考查词义猜测。根据第三段的“Though this youngest FAU graduate has attracted national attention with her unique accomplishments, for Grace, this is not deviant. That’s because she comes from a family of overachievers. Her 19-year-old sister Gisla, who is currently pursuing a master’s degree, also graduated at 16, while her 17-year-old sister Gabrielle, is already pursuing her master’s degree and is scheduled to graduate from FAU this summer.(虽然这位最年轻的FAU毕业生以她独特的成就吸引了全国的关注，但对格蕾丝来说，这并不……。那是因为她来自一个优等生家庭。她19岁的妹妹吉斯拉目前正在攻读硕士学位，16岁时也毕业了，而她17岁的妹妹加布里埃尔已经在攻读硕士学位，计划于今年夏天从FAU毕业。)”可知，格蕾丝的妹妹们都很优秀，因此她能取得优异的成就是很正常的事情，划线词前有not，则划线词意为“不正常的，异常的”，可以用abnormal一词进行解释，故答案为：Abnormal. 【58题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段的“Not surprisingly, by the time she turned 13, the home schooled girl was ready for high school and college.(毫不奇怪，当她13岁的时候，这个在家上学的女孩已经准备好上高中和大学了。)”可知，格蕾丝·布什在13岁之前是在家接受教育的。故答案为：She was taught at home. 【59题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段的“Grace plans to return to FAU in the fall to pursue a master’s degree. Following that, the young girl wants to obtain a law degree and pursue a career that she hopes will end as a judge on the U. S. Supreme Court.(格蕾丝计划在秋季回到FAU攻读硕士学位。在那之后，这个年轻女孩想获得法律学位，并从事她希望能在美国最高法院担任法官的职业。)”可知，格雷斯·布什未来想要担任一名法官。故答案为：She wants to be a judge. 【60题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第一段的“Grace is just 16 years old — at the age when most teenagers have not even completed high school, Grace has graduated from Florida Atlantic University (FAU) with a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice. What’s even more astonishing is that the brilliant girl received her high school diploma from Florida Atlantic High School a week after she had graduated college!(格蕾丝只有16岁，在大多数青少年还没有完成高中学业的年龄，她毕业于佛罗里达大西洋大学，获得了刑事司法学士学位。更令人惊讶的是，这位才华横溢的女孩在大学毕业一周后就从佛罗里达大西洋高中拿到了高中文凭！)”和第二段的“While pursuing two diplomas would have been enough to keep most kids busy, Grace, who graduated with a 3.86 grade-point average, seemed to even find time to play the flute for two bands.(虽然追求两个文凭足以让大多数孩子忙碌起来，但以平均3.86分的成绩毕业的格蕾丝似乎甚至抽出时间为两个乐队演奏长笛。)”和第三段的“(她19岁的妹妹吉斯拉目前正在攻读硕士学位，16岁时也毕业了，而她17岁的妹妹加布里埃尔已经在攻读硕士学位，计划于今年夏天从FAU毕业。)”可知，他们都很出色，我认为他们一定付出了很多努力才取得这样的成功。故答案为：They are all brilliant and I think they must have put in a lot of hard work to achieve such success. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61. 假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津。你的英国笔友Chris询问你高考之后对大学生活和学习会有哪些准备。请你给他回邮件，内容包括： 1. 大学生活和学习的准备； 2. 进行这些准备的理由； 3. 询问对方的假期计划。 注意：词数不少于100。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Chris, Last week, you have asked about how I will prepare for my future college life. Now, I would love to share my holiday plans with you. As for my future life at university, I’ve decided to take gardening as my major and hope to be admitted to China Agricultural University. The reason why I want to learn gardening in the future is that I’m very interested in planting flowers and have been taught by my mother how to take care of them. During this vacation, I plan to read some books about botany to equip myself with more knowledge. Furthermore, working as a volunteer in Beijing Botanical Garden will enable me to get a good knowledge of landscape architecture. All of these preparations will definitely enrich my horticulture experience, which will make my college studies much more enjoyable addition to what will be prepared for the college studies, it is of equal importance to buy some daily necessities, such as bed sheets and towels. I even hope to pay a visit to the university campus to get aware of the location of some teaching buildings, allowing me to adapt to the campus life efficiently. I wonder what you will do this holiday. Maybe you’d like to share your plans with me in the next email. Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生介绍一下自己高考毕业后对大学的准备。考 【详解】1. 词汇积累： ① 园艺：gardening → landscaping/horticulture ② 植物学：botany → phytology/floriculture ③ 对……感兴趣：be interested in → feel/have/show/express (an) interest in ④ 景观设计：landscape architecture → garden design/environmental design 2. 句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：During this vacation, I plan to read some books about botany to equip myself with more knowledge. 拓展句：During this vacation, I plan to read some books about botany which will equip myself with more knowledge. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The reason why I want to learn gardening in the future is that I’m very interested in planting flowers and have been taught by my mother how to take care of them.（why引导的定语从句，that引导的表语从句） 【高分句型2】Furthermore, working as a volunteer in Beijing Botanical Garden will enable me to get a good knowledge of landscape architecture.（动名词作主语） 第1页/共1页 $$