Unit 8 Section A Grammar focus-4c 课件 2023-2024学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet? Section A Grammar focus-4c Learning objectives 1. 学习，识记单词：page, hurry up, due，fiction, technology, French… 2. 学习，掌握现在完成时句式： （1）肯定句：主语 + have / has + 过去分词 (+ 其他) （2）否定句：主语 + have / has + not + 过去分词(+ 其他) （3）一般疑问句：have/ has + 主语 + 过去分词(+ 其他) 3. 通过核心句型的集中学习，学生能正确使用现在完成时来谈论已发生的事件。 4.运用现在完成时谈论自己看过的最喜欢的书籍、电影或者歌曲，培养学生鉴赏美的能力，陶冶思想情操。 Look and say! You can use the structure “have + pp.” to describe the following pictures like this “I have already read the book Alice in Wonderland” or “I haven’t read this book yet” Lead-in past now future I have studied in this school for two years. 过去某一动作持续到现在(可能会持续下去)常与since和for连用 I am still studying here now. studied in this school 2 years ago Warming up A short video to understand the present perfect. 点击， 播放视频 Presentation Fill in the blanks according to the Chinese meaning. 1. A: 你读过《小妇人》吗？ B: 我读过。/ 我没读过。 A: ________ you ________ Little Women yet? B: Yes，I ________. / No, I __________. 2. A: Tina读过《金银岛》吗？ B:她读了。她认为它棒极了。 A: ______Tina ______ Treasure Island yet? B: Yes, _____ _____. She thinks it’s ___________. Has read fantastic she has Have haven’t read have Presentation 3. A：你已经决定写哪本书了吗？ B: 我已经确定了。我已经读完了它。它真的很棒。 A: _____ you ________ which book ____ _____ ________ yet? B: Yes, I have. I’ve _________ _________ reading it. It was really good. Have decided to write already finished about Have you read Little Woman yet? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic. Have you decided which book to write about yet? Yes, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good. 找出现在完成时的结构，并圈出动词的过去分词形式。 1 (______) read--_______--________. 阅读 read read (______) decide--_________--________. 决定 decided decided (______) finish--_________--________. 完成 finished finished 动词过去分词的规则变化和过去式的规则变化一样。有以下四种情况： ①一般在词尾直接加ed  如：work-worked-worked,  pass-passed-passed  ②以不发音的e结尾直接加d  如：like-liked-liked， live-lived-lived ③以辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i，再加ed。  如：study-studied-studied，cry-cried-cried  ④重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）结尾的词，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ed. 如： stop-stopped-stopped，drop-dropped-dropped 动词过去分词的规则变化 动词过去分词形式的变化规则 2 动词过去分词的规则变化：________________________ stay → _______ → _______ work → _______ → _______ taste → _______ → _______ like → _______ → _______ study → _______ → _______ copy → _______ → _______ stop → _______ → _______ plan → _______ → _______ stayed stayed worked worked tasted tasted liked liked studied studied copied copied stopped stopped 与该动词的过去式相同 一般情况下直接 + ed 以不发音e结尾的直接+ d planned planned 以辅音字母+y结尾的，把y变i 再 + ed 以重读闭音节“辅元辅”结构结尾的， 双写尾字母，再+ed 动词过去分词的不规则变化有以下四种情况： ①以不变应万变。 如：let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read ②若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。 如：feel → felt → felt; keep → kept → kept; sleep → slept → slept ③结尾的字母d变t。  如：lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent  ④变为以-ought或-aught结尾。 如： buy → bought → bought; bring → brought → brought; catch → caught → caught; teach → taught → taught 动词过去分词的不规则变化 动词过去分词形式的不规则变化 3 let → _______ → _______ cut → _______ → _______ read → _______ → _______ feel → _______ → _______ keep → _______ → _______ sleep → _______ → _______ let let cut cut read read felt felt kept kept slept slept 以不变应万变. 动词中间有俩e， 去掉一个（ e ），后加t 12 不规则变化：见P136不规则动词表 let →let → let put → put → put read → read → read run → ran → run come → came → Come become→ became→ become bear →bore → born breaks→ broke→ broken grow→ grew → grown feel- felt → felt keep- kept → kept sleep→ slept→ slept beat →beat→ beaten 1. AAA格式(动词原形、过去 式、过去分词同形) 2. ABB格式(过去式与过去分词同形) 3. ABA格式(动词原形与过去分词同形) 4. ABC格式(动词原形、过去式、过去分词均不同形) 5. AAB格式(动词原形与过去式同形) 动词过去分词形式的不规则变化 3 lend → _______ → _______ build → _______ → _______ send → _______ → _______ buy → _______ → _______ bring → _______ → _______ catch → _______ → _______ teach → _______ → _______ see → _______ → _______ lent lent built built 动词字母d变t. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾. bought bought brought brought sent sent caught caught taught taught saw seen 14 现在完成时 (2) 含义 强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 You’ve killed an enemy. It seems we’re going to win. 你杀了一个敌人，我们似乎要赢了。 ② 表从过去某一时间开始的动作状态一直持续到现在 I have lived here for three years. 我已经在这里住了三年了。 (1) 基本结构：主语 + have / has + 过去分词 Grammar Have you read Little Woman yet? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic. Have you decided which book to write about yet? Yes, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good. 现在完成时的结构 3 1)基本结构：肯定句：主语+_____/_____+___________+其他 否定句：主语+_____/_____+_______+_________+其他 疑问句：_____/_____+主语+__________+其他 ---Yes, 主语+_____/___. ;No,主语+_______/______. 2)常与标志词_____________________________一起出现 have has 过去分词 have has not 过去分词 Have Has 过去分词 have has haven’t hasn’t already, yet 16 Grammar Focus Have you read Little Women yet? Yes, I have./No, I haven't. Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic. Have you decided which book to write about yet? Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good. How is the present perfect tense formed? have/has + 过去分词 Find the present perfect tense. What adverbs are often used with the present perfect tense? Already and yet. Enrich your life today,yesterday is ow is mystery (3) 时间状语： 常与already (已经), just (刚刚), ever (曾经), never (从不), before (以前), yet (仍然), since(自从), for+时间段(持续…)等连用。 He has just come back. 他刚回来。 She has never seen a cuter dog before. 她之前没见过比这更可爱的狗了。 含义 用法 例句 already 已经 肯定句 I have already finished my homework. just 刚刚 肯定句 She has just cleaned the kitchen. ever 曾经 疑问句 Have you ever visited the Great Wall? never 从未 否定句 She’s never talked to a foreigner. yet 尚未；还未 否定句、 疑问句 He has not heard from her yet. Has Mr. Wang arrived yet? Presentation 现在完成时用法1： 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果； past I had breakfast. I’m not hungry now. present I have already had breakfast. （早餐过去吃的，现在不饿。） 图示法表示 Presentation 现在完成时用法2： 表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 图示法表示 past I moved here in 1990. I still live here. present I have lived here for 30 years. (30年来一直生活在这里） 现在完成时 一般过去时 用法 时间 状语 谓语 动词 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，侧重于现在的情况。 表示过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关。 常和already, yet, just, ever, never, before, since, for等连用。 常和 yesterday, last week, just now, in 2012, two days ago等具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。 与一段时间连用时，谓语动词要用延续性动词而不用非延续性动词。 谓语动词没有延续性或非延续性动词的限制。 1. —Look! Somebody________ the lights. —Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it. (连云港) A. turns off B. is turning off C. was turning off D. has turned off 2. —Peter, you speak Chinese so well. — Thank you. I ____ Chinese since I came here in 2013. A. will learn B. learned C. have learned D. learn Exercises 4a Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations. Tip: Find the key words to identify which tense to use. 1. A: Would you like something to drink? B: No, thanks. ________________________. (just / drink some tea) 2. A: I heard you lost your key. _______________________? (find) B：No, not yet. I've just drunk some tea Have you found it yet 3. A: Do you know when Tom is leaving? B: ________________________________. (already / leave) A: When _____________________? (leave) B: This morning. 4. A: Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight? B: No. ___________________________. (already / see the film) 5. A: What do your parents think about our plan? B: I _____________________________. (not / tell them / yet) He has already left did he leave She has already seen the film have not/haven't told them yet Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets. 4b Sally _____ (love) reading. In the morning, she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books. She ______ already _____ (read) more than 100 different books! Her favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world ______ (be) like in 50 years. She _______ (finish) reading a book about robots last week and _________ (write) a book report about it next week for her French class. Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she __________ (not read) yet and she can’t wait to read them! loves has read will be finished will write hasn’t read Complete the chart with information about you and a friend. 4c What books have you already read? I’ve already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter. What do you think of them? Well, I think Harry Potter was exciting, but Tom Sawyer was a bit boring. 4c Complete the chart with information about you and a friend.Then give a report . A: What books have you already read? B: I've already read Tom Sawyer and Harry Potter. A: What do you think of them? B: Well, I think Harry Potter was exciting, but Tom Sawyer was a bit boring. You Your friend Comments Books I have already read Movies I have already seen Songs I have already heard Exercise 1. The book ___ be Jim’s because his name is on it. A. can B. may C. must D. need 2. I think ___ aloud is a good way to improve your speaking skills. A. read B. reads C. reading D. readed 3. —Have you ____ the piece of music? —Yes, I ____. A. heard; did B. heard; have C. listened; have D. listenned to; have 4. He ____ seen the film yet. A. didn’t B. haven’t C. hasn’t D. doesn’t have 5. —Where is Tom? We can’t find him anywhere. —Perhaps he ____ home. A. has come B. is going C. went D. was going 6. — Difficulties always go with me! — Cheer up ! If God close a door in front of you, there ____ be a window opened for you. A. would B. must C. could D. can Exercises She __________(not read) the book yet. ________ you ________(decide) which book to buy yet? Tom won't go to the cinema with us because he ________ already ________ (see) the film. David hasn't ________(finish) ________(read) Harry Potter yet. We ________ just ________(clean) the classroom. I ________(lend) my bike to her yesterday, but she ____________ (not give) it back to me yet. 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。 hasn’t read 1 2 3 4 Have has seen finished have cleaned 5 decided reading lent hasn’t given 6 7. _________ you _________(read) the newspapers yet? 8. They _________ already _________(arrive) at that village. 9. His father _________(leave) home just now. You can call him. 10. My mother _________(tell) me about it before. 11. This American boy _________(try) Beijing duck twice. 12. Linda’s brother _________(use) the tool to move the stone in a minute.  13. She _________(speak) French well, so she can teach us French. Have read have arrived left has told has tried will use speaks 现在完成时 ： 时间： yet，already 肯定句：主+have/ has done +… 否定句：主+have/ has not done +… 疑问句： Have/ Has+主+ done +… 过去发生的事情对_______产生_______. 句式变化 现在 影响 基本结构: 用法 have/has done 33 1. Remember the new words and recite GF 2. Finish the exercises on workbooks. 3. Preview the new words and phrases in Section B(1a-1d). Homework Homework THANKS $$