内容正文:
Unit 1 Food Matters
动词不定式做主语和表语
1. (read) English novels this evening will take most of my time.
2. (drive) a car during the rush hour must be tiring.
3.lt is quite necessary (read) it again.
4.It must be great fun (fly) to the Mars in a spaceship.
5.It was important for us (live) a low-carbon life.
6.It is never too late for people (start) taking exercise.
7. (change) bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts.
8.It upset me (hear) that my suggestion put forward at the meeting was turned down.
9.It’s also vital (look) back on the process to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed.
10.It is worthwhile (make) an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.
11.Would it be convenient for you (pick) me up at four o’clock and take me to the airport?
12.Moreover, fully consider each option. It can be easy (let) a particular school become a front-runner early on in your decision-making process, and it may even become the winning choice.
13.It is tiresome for children (stay) at home for long with no persons around them.
14.It is worthwhile (spend) time learning a new language because it broadens your perspective.
15.Now for now, it’s hard (argue) that this is a good thing but it’s a common thing.
16.It is worthwhile (read) the book referred to by our teacher.
17.It is beyond my ability (finish) doing all the housework in only two hours.
18.If you live in a cold climate,it will be important (know) your dog’s limits and how you can keep it safe and warm.
19.Although sometimes it may seem impossible (get) along as a family, you can take action to improve the situation.
20.In the past, it was difficult for us (imagine) how convenient to live with the help of the Internet.
21. (surf) the Internet is definitely a big part of my life.
22.It makes sense (buy) at dealer prices so you can save money.
23.It’s a good tradition (respect) the old and take good care of the young.
24.Besides, on some occasions, it is more convenient (use) English words.
25.It’s my great honour (announce) that I am running for chairman of the Students’ Union.
26.It’s not a good idea (criticise) someone in front of others. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
27.It is up to us (decide) what we can do and how well we can do it. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
28.It is important for teenagers (master) at least two foreign languages.(用所给词的适当形式填空)
29.It only took him a few minutes (solve) the disagreement between him and his colleagues.
30.I need to improve my oral English, so it is necessary for me (find) a native speaker to learn from.
31.It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes (start) working.
32.It took her 10 months (finish) the translation of this novel. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
33.It is difficult for him (concentrate) on his work with so much noise around.
34.It is difficult (persuade) her to join the band.
35.It is very wise of him (read) this novel, in which there are many inspiring stories. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
36.It is one of their basic State policies (control)population growth.
37.It takes him one hour (play) sports every day.
38.Our aim was (see)if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
39.The original intention is (devote) three months to the project.
40.After a spacecraft is launched, what we should do first is (make)sure it goes in the right orbit.
41.Her job is to take care of the elders and (wash) their clothes.
42.In my view, Li Hua, who broke the school rules, was (blame).
43.All he wanted after a tiring day was (leave) alone.
44.When we are faced with difficulties, our main task is (find) out the root of the problem.
45.My goal this year is (perform) a flute solo at the school’s art festival.
46.If you really want to learn driving, my advice is (go) to a driving school.
47.The reason that he bought the computer was (work) at home rather than go to the office.
48.All we have to remember is (push) the button.
49.What I want to get now is (have) a rest.
50.It is our responsibility as scientists, knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought, (teach) how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomed and discussed.
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参考答案:
1.To read
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:今天晚上读英语小说将占用我大部分时间。“____ (read) English novels this evening”在句中作主语,表示某次具体的、尚未发生的动作用动词不定式to read,设空处置于句首,首字母大写。故填To read。
2.To drive
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在这个高峰时间开车一定很累。分析句子可知,设空处用作句子的主语,根据后文的“during the rush hour”可知,此处的动作drive表示一次具体的行为,应使用不定式,位于句首首字母大写。故填To drive。
3.to read
【详解】考查不定式。句意:很有必要再读一遍。分析可知,it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式,故填to read。
4.to fly
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:乘宇宙飞船飞往火星一定很有趣。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里考查固定句型It be great fun to do sth.,意为“做某事很有趣”,it是形式主语,动词不定式短语是真正的主语,故填to play。
5.to live
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:低碳生活对我们来说很重要。此处为句型it be adj. for sb. to do sth.,不定式为真正主语,it作形式主语。故填to live。
6.to start
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:对人们来说,开始锻炼永远不会太晚。分析句子可知,It是形式主语,空处用动词不定式作真正的主语,故填to start。
7.To change
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:改变坏习惯从来都不是一件容易的事,即使你尝试了很多次。此处表示将要发生的动作,用不定式作主语,首字母大写。故填To change。
8.to hear
【详解】考查不定式。句意:听说我在会上提出的建议被拒绝了,我很难过。It upset sb. to do sth.是固定句型,意为“做某事使某人心烦意乱”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,因此空格处是不定式to hear。故填to hear。
9.to look
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:回顾这个过程,看看你做得好的地方,还有需要改进的地方,这也是至关重要的。It’s adj.+ to do...为固定句型,it为形式主语,动词不定式为真正的主语。故填to look。
10.making/to make
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:努力提高公众的环境保护意识是很值得的。分析句子可知,设空处应填非谓语动词作主语。固定句式It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.值得做某事,故填making/to make。
11.to pick
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:你四点钟来接我并送我去机场方便吗? 句型it is convenient for sb to do sth表示“做某事对某人来说是方便的”,用it作形式主语,动词不定式作真正主语,此处是该句型的一般疑问句形式,用动词不定式作真正主语。故填to pick。
12.to let
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:此外,要仔细评估每一所录取你的学校。在你做决定的早期阶段,把一所特定的学校作为首选是很容易的,它甚至可能成为你的最佳选择。此处为固定句型“it be+adj.+to do sth.”,it作形式主语,不定式为真正主语。故填to let。
13.to stay
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:孩子们长时间呆在家里,周围没有人,这是令人厌烦的。分析句子结构,这里是It is+adj.+for sb. to do...句型,其中It作形式主语,不定式作真正主语。故填to stay。
14.to spend/spending
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:花时间学习一门新语言是值得的,因为它能开阔你的视野。此处为固定句型:it is worthwhile to do/doing sth.“做某事是值得的”,it是形式主语,不定式或动名词为真正的主语。故填to spend/spending。
15.to argue
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:就目前而言,很难说这是一件好事,但这是一种常见的事情。it is hard to do...意为“很难做某事”,为固定句式,it作形式主语,不定式作真正主语。故填to argue。
16.reading/to read
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们老师提到的那本书值得一读。It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.表示“某事值得做”,其中it作形式主语,用动词不定式或动名词作真正的主语。故填reading/to read。
17.to finish
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:要在两小时内做完所有的家务,我是办不到的。此处是固定句型:It is beyond my ability to do sth.意为“做某事超出了我的能力”,it是形式主语,不定式是真正的主语。故填to finish。
18.to know
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果您生活在寒冷的气候中,了解您的狗的极限以及如何保持它的安全和温暖将很重要。it是形式主语,要用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to know。
19.to get
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:虽然有时候一家人好好相处似乎不太可能,但你可以采取行动来改善这种情况。分析句子结构,it在句中作形式主语,表语为impossible,所以应用不定式作真正主语。故填to get。
20.to imagine
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去,我们很难想象在互联网的帮助下生活是多么方便。根据“it was difficult for us”可知,此处用固定句型“it is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”,it为形式主语,不定式为真正的主语。故填to imagine。
21.Surfing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:上网绝对是我生活中的一大部分。空处作主语,陈述习惯性发生的动作,常用不定式作主语。句首单词的首字母应大写,故填Surfing。
22.to buy
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:按照经销商的价格购买是有道理的,这样你可以省钱。分析句子结构可知,此处应为it作形式主语,不定式短语作真正主语的结构,所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to buy。
23.to respect
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:尊老爱幼是一个很好的传统。根据“It’s a good tradition”可推知,此处用固定句型“It is+名词(短语)+to do sth.”,意为“做某事是……”,其中it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填to respect。
24.to use
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,在某些情况下,使用英语单词更方便。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用固定句型It is/was+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是怎么样的”,it是形式主语,动词不定式是真正的主语。故填to use。
25.to announce
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:我很荣幸地宣布,我将竞选学生会主席。根据句意可知,此处考查固定句型it+be+n+to do sth.,意为“做某事是……”,其中it为形式主语,不定式为真正的主语。故填to announce。
26.to criticise
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:不要在人前指责他人是一个好主意。本句中,It是形式主语,应用动词不定式作真正的主语,criticise意为“批评”,故填to criticise。
27.to decide
【详解】考查不定式。句意:我们能做什么,能做得多好,这取决于我们自己。分析可知,it为形式主语,设空处应用不定式作真正的主语,故填to decide。
28.to master
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:掌握至少两门外语对于青少年来说是很重要的。句中It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。故填to master。
29.to solve
【详解】考查不定式。句意:他只花了几分钟就解决了他和同事之间的分歧。It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.是固定句型,意为“做某事花了某人一些时间”,其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,因此空格处是不定式to solve,故填to solve。
30.to find
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:我需要提高我的口语英语,所以找一个母语为英语的人来学习,对我来说,是必要的。此处考查句型it is necessary for sb to do sth,it为形式主语,动词不定式为真正的主语,故填to find。
31.to start
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:防晒霜需要15分钟才能起作用。it takes sb some time to do sth.为固定短语,意为“花费某人……时间去做某事”。该结构中it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式结构。故填to start。
32.to finish
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她花了10个月的时间才完成这部小说的翻译。句中it took sb+一段时间+to do sth为固定短语,意为“花费某人多少时间去做某事”,该结构中it为形式主语,真正的主语为to do结构。故填to finish。
33.to concentrate
【详解】考查不定式。句意:周围有这么大的噪音,他很难集中精力工作。It is difficult for sb. to do是固定句型,意为“做某事对某人来说是困难的”,其中It是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,故填to concentrate。
34.to persuade
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:很难说服她加入乐队。it be+形容词+to do sth.为固定句型,意为“做某事是……”,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式,故填to persuade。
35.to read
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他读这本小说是很明智的,里面有许多鼓舞人心的故事。根据“It is very wise of him”可知,此处用固定句型It is adj. of sb. to do sth.,表示“某人做某事是怎么样的”,用于对某人的评价,其中It是形式主语,不定式短语是真正的主语,空处应用read的不定式形式to read。故填to read。
36.to control
【详解】考查不定式。句意:控制人口增长是他们的的基本国策之一。分析句子可知,本句使用了固定句式:It is + 名词+ to do ....,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式,结合句中英语提示,故填to control。
37.to play
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:每天运动花费他一个小时的时间。分析句子结构和意思可知,这里考查固定句型It takes +人+时间+to do sth.,it是形式主语,动词不定式短语是真正的主语,意为“做某事花费某人...时间”。故填to play。
38.to see
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:我们的目的是看看我们能否在某种程度上像真正的巴黎人那样生活。分析句子可知,此处为动词不定式to do作表语,说明主语的内容。故填to see。
39.to devote
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:最初的意图是花三个月的时间来完成这个项目。空处缺少表语,根据intention可知,表示将要做的事情,用不定式作表语。故填to devote。
40.make/to make
【详解】考查不定式。句意:航天器发射后,我们首先要做的就是确保它进入正确的轨道。主语从句后用不定式结构作表语,不定式to可以省略,故填to make或make。
41.to wash/wash
【详解】考查不定式。句意:她的工作是照顾老人和洗他们的衣服。不定式作表语说明主语的内容,与take care of the elders并列,可以省略不定式符号。故填to wash或wash。
42.to blame
【详解】考查不定式。句意:在我看来,李华违反了校规,应该受到责备。结合“who broke the school rules”可知,此处应用固定表达be to blame,意为“该受责备,应承担责任”,不定式的主动形式表被动意义,作表语。故填to blame。
43.to be left
【详解】考查不定式。句意:劳累了一天后,他只想一个人待着。分析句子结构并根据语境可知,空处需在句中作表语,此处表示“想要做......”,可使用be+不定式结构,主语he与leave之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,此处应使用不定式的被动形式。故填to be left。
44.to find
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我们遇到困难时,我们的主要任务是找出问题的根源。本句已有谓语动词is,所以find用非谓语形式,此处表目的,应该用不定式作表语。故填to find。
45.to perform
【详解】考查不定式。句意:我今年的目标是在学校的艺术节上表演长笛独奏。分析句子结构,空处应用不定式形式作句子表语,说明主语的具体内容。故填to perform。
46.to go
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:如果你真的想学开车,我的建议是去驾校。is为系动词,空处作表语,对主语advice进行解释说明,且动作发生在将来,应用动词不定式。故填to go。
47.to work
【详解】考查不定式。句意:他买这台电脑是为了在家工作,而不是去办公室工作。分析句子结构,空处应用不定式形式作句子表语,说明主语的具体内容。故填to work。
48.to push
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们只需要记住按下按钮。句中用不定式作表语,表示将要发生的动作。根据句意,故填to push。
49.to have
【详解】考查不定式。句意:我现在想要的是好好休息。分析句子结构,空处应用不定式形式作主句表语,说明主句主语的具体内容,不定式作表语时前面主语没有do时,后面表语to do中的to不能省略。故填to have。
50.to teach
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:作为科学家,我们有责任知道思想自由带来的巨大进步,教导人们如何不要害怕怀疑,而是欣然接受和讨论怀疑。It is…that为强调句型,结合句意,空处缺少表语,表示“责任是去教导……”,用不定式to teach。故填to teach。
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